atherosclerosis

ASSOCIATION OF LIPOPROTEIN IN

“ATHEROSCLEROSIS”

LIPOPROTEINLipoprotein are molecular complexes that consists of lipids and proteins. Lipoprotein deliver lipid components to various tissues for utilization.

Structure of lipoproteinLipoprotein consists of a neutral lipid core surrounded by a coat shell of phospholipid , apoprotein and cholestrol .

Classification of lipoprotein1. CHYLOMICRONS2. VLDL(VERY LOW DENSITY

LIPOPROTEIN)3. LDL(LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN)4. HDL(HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN)5. FREE FATTY ACIDS

Coronary arteriesThe arteries supplying blood to heart are the

most commonly affected leading to myocardial infarction or heart attacks.

The incidence of atherosclerosis and coronary artery and risk for the coronary heart diseases are higher in developed countries.

Folate and vitamins reduces coronary arteries diseases.

ATHEROSCLEROSISIt is a complex disease characterized by the thickening or hardening of arteries due to accumulation of lipids in arterial wall.It is a progressive disorder that narrows and ultimately

blocks the arteries.High blood cholesterol levels can cause hardening of the arteries at a younger age. It has an inflammatory component and there is

positive correlation between increased level of C-reactive protein. The enzymes most commonly measured are-

1.CK-MB2.TROPONIN T AND I 3. LIPOPROTEIN (Lp –a)

The most important function of LDL is to transport cholesterol to extrahepatic tissues . Deficiency or defect in LDL receptors results in the elevation of plasma LDL.This disorder associated with high risk of ATHEROSCLEROSIS

The increased level of plasma HDL are correlated with low incidence of cardiovascular diseases.

WOMEN are less prone to heart disease as compared to MEN.

LIPOPROTEIN aLp a contain apoprotein , apo a . Lp a inhibit

fibrinolysis.Lipoprotein a in plasma level >30 mg/dl increased

risk of CHD .LP a reduces breakdown of blood clot and triggers of heart attack.

Estimation of apolipoprotein. Apo A -1 for HDL and apo-B for LDL.They are better determinant of it.

Lipoprotein a LDL particle which linked with apoprotein a. the presence of this lipoprotein positively correlated with the heart disease

Decreased plasma level of HDL could increase LDL uptake while increased HDL levels decrease cellular uptakeof LDL. A ratio of LDL and HDL cholesterol is important.

HDL has scavenging action by reverse cholestrol transport .it help in removing macrophages.

High blood cholesterol levels can cause hardening of the arteries at a younger age.

For many people, high cholesterol levels are the result of an unhealthy lifestyle -- most commonly, eating a diet that is high in fat. Other risk factors are heavy alcohol use, lack of exercise, and being overweight.

Other risk factors for hardening of the arteries are:DiabetesFamily history of hardening of the arteriesHigh blood pressureSmoking

ANTIOXIDANT decrease the oxidation of LDL. it reduces he risk of atherosclerosis.

DISORDER THAT MAY CAUSE OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS

*diabetes mellitus*hyperlipoproteinemias*nephrotic syndrome*hypothyroidism *hypertension *smoking*Hypercholestrolaemia

TreatmentConsumption of unsaturated fatty acid like

vegetable ,fruits ,fish oil etc.Reduction of body weightMedicines like anticoagulants, aspirin, beta

blockers etc.Coronary angioplasty

REFERENCESLIPINCOTTSHINDE CHATTERJEEADAM.COM