ASHTA SAMSKARA OF PARADA Dr. Kulkarni Parag Umakant Rasasastra P. G. Sch. R & B Dept.
ASHTA SAMSKARA OF PARADA
Dr. Kulkarni Parag UmakantRasasastra P. G. Sch.R & B Dept.
नौ�षधं� पा�रदा�दानौ�यन्न दा�वो� के� शवो�त्पा
र�।नौ
वो�द्या�दापार� बन्धु�नौ�
दा�नौ�दापार� विवोधिःधं�॥
सा�ध्य�ष� भे�षजं� सावो�मी$रिरतं�
तंत्त्वोवो�दिदाभिःभे�।असा�ध्य�ष्वोविपा
दातंव्यो� रसा�ऽतं: श्रे�ष्ट उच्यतं�॥
Is reall
y Parada
deliver
that much
medicinal properties ? How Parada contributes its medicinal properties?
What
techn
iques
we
have
to
adapt
to
chan
ge,
that
so
calle
d
toxic
metal
in to
Necta
r ?
SAMSKAR
Samskara means-
Samskara
• adding Guna i.e. properties
गु�णा�न्तंर�धं�नौरुपा�
• to perform or to do any process
प्रवितंयत्नौ:
• an experienceअनौ�भेवो:श�ध्दिःध्दा�
अदृष्टविवोश�षजंनौकेकेर्म्ममी�
सं�स्का�र संम्+का +सं�ट् च।
Samskara In Rasa Classics
श�ध्दिःध्दारिरवितं सा� च वि;विवोधं� प्र�क्ता� उक्ता� वि=व्यो�धं� रसा�यनौ� च�वो वि;विवोधं� सा� पारिरके>र्तितं@तं�॥
य� श�ध्दिःध्दा� केधिःAतं� व्यो�ध्दा� सा� नौ�ष्ट� वि= रसा�यनौ�।रसा�यनौ� तं� य� श�ध्दिःध्दा� सा� व्यो�धं�वोविपा के>र्तितं@तं� ॥
(र.र�.सा�.)
Samskara In Ayurveda
• waterतं�य
• heat application
अग्निCनौसाधिःन्नकेष�
• cleansingश�च
• churningमीन्थनौ
The processes – responsible for the transformation of Guna
• storingदे�श
• maturingका�ल
• flavoringवा�संन
• impregnationभा�वान�
• पे�षणा�भिभाम्न्त्रणा�दिदे गृह्यते� (चक्रपे�भिणा)
आदिदेग्रहणा�ते
Parada
Samskara
मीन्थनौ
दा�श के�ल
वो�सानौ
भे�वोनौ�
अष्टा�देश&वा सं�स्का�र� ऊनविंवा)शतितेका�+ क्वाचिचते।सं�प्रो/क्ता� रसंर�जस्य वासं�सं�ख्य�+ क्वाचिचन्म्ते�+॥
(आ.प्रो.१/३२)
Samskara of Parada
अष्टा�देश ऊनविंवा)शतिते वासं�सं�ख्य�+
to remove dosas(impurities) or to potentiate Parada for Lohavedha
(Alchemical) or Dehavedha (Rasayana/therapeutic) purposes
स्य�त्स्वा�देन� तेदेन� म्र्द्द:नम्;र्च्छ:नश्च,उत्था�पेन� पेतेनर/धतिनय�म्न�तिन।
संन्दिन्देपेन� गृगृनभाक्षणाम्�नम्त्र,संञ्च�रणा� तेदेन� गृभा:गृते� द्रुतितेश्च॥
बा�ह्यद्रुतिते+ सं;तेकाज�रणा� स्य�दे,र�गृस्तेथा� सं�रणाकाम्: पेश्च�ते।
सं�क्र�म्णा� वा�धतिवाधिःध+ शरHर�,य/गृस्तेथा�ष्टा�देशध�ऽत्र काम्:॥
(र.र.संम्�.११/१२-१३)
Most of Rasa scholars mentioned 18 Samskara, but there are some references regarding 19 Samskara or 20 Samskara.
Ashtadasha Samskara of Parada
इत्यष्टाK सं;तेसं�स्का�र�+ संम्� द्रव्ये� रसं�यन�।श�ष� द्रव्ये/पेय/तिगृत्वा�न्न ते� वा&द्यो/पेय/तिगृन+॥
(आ.प्रो.१/३६)
Ashtasamskara
First eight Samskaras
commonly used for Dravyakarma and Rasayana karma
Remaining ten or eleven Samskaras
mainly advised for Dravyakarma (Alchemical purposes)
Ashta Samskara
First five Samskaras
To remove various type of doshas of
mercury
Last three SamskarasTo change in its undesired
properties and to improve its
Bubhuksha .
Reference for
Practices
Rasa Ratna
Samucchaya
Rasa Hrudaya Tantra
Ayurveda
Prakasha
• Patana yantra• Dolayantra• Tapta khalva yantra,
Khalva • Ghata (Vessel)• Enamal Trays
Instruments
• As per Samskara• Kanji
Samsakaropyogi Dravyas
• In Enough amountParada
Important Requirement before Ashtasamskara
Amount of Parada for Samskara
द्वे� संहस्त्र� पेल�न�� ते� संहस्त्र� शतेम्�वा वा�।अष्टा�विंवा)शत्पेल�न्य�वा देश पेञ्च&काम्�वा वा�॥पेल�धRन&वा कार्त्त:व्ये+ सं�स्का�र+ सं;तेकास्य च।
(र.र.संम्�.११/२४-२५)2000 pala
• 80 kg1000 pala
• 40 kg100 pala
• 4 kg
28 pala • 1.12 kg
10 pala • 400 gm
5 pala • 200 gm
1pala • 40 gm
½ pala • 20 gm
Amount Used for
Ashtasamskara
सं�दिदेन� श�भानक्षत्र�
रसंश/धनम्�रभा�ते॥
पेरिरभा�ष� : क्ष�र�म्ल&रKषध&वा�:ऽतिपे दे/ल�यन्त्र� स्थिYतेस्य तिह।पेचन� स्वा�देन�ख्य� स्य�न्म्लश&चिथाल्यका�रकाम्॥ (र.र.संम्�.८/५९)
सं�त्र� :त्र्य;षणा� लवाणा�सं�य^ चिचत्रका�द्र:काम्;लकाम्।भिक्षप्त्वा� सं;ते/ म्�हुः+ स्वा�द्यो+ का�स्थिaका� न दिदेनत्रयम्॥
(र.र.संम्�.११/२६)
Purpose: - म्लश&चिथाल्यका�रकाम्
Svedana Samskara:
Instruments: Dolayantra
• one partParada
• Tryushana,• Lavana,• Asuri,• Chitraka,• Adraka,• Mulaka,
Kalka dravya
s 1/16th part of each
• as requiredKanji
Dravyani
Procedure
पेरिरभा�ष� :उदिदेते&रKषध&+ सं�धb संवा�:म्ल&+ का�स्थिaका& रतिपे।पे�षणा� म्दे:न�ख्य� स्य�द्बतिहम्:लतिवान�शनम्॥
(र.र.संम्�.८/६०) सं�त्र� :
गृहध;म्�धिःष्टाका�च;णाb तेथा� देधिःध गृ�डा�न्विन्वातेम्।लवाणा�सं�रिरसं�य�क्ता� भिक्षप्त्वा� सं;ते� तिवाम्दे:य�ते॥ष/डाश��श� प्रोतितेद्रव्ये� सं;तेम्�न�धिःन्नय/जय�ते।सं;ते� भिक्षप्त्वा� संम्� ते�न दिदेन�तिन त्रHभिणा म्दे:य�ते॥
Mardana Samskara
जHणा�:भ्रका� तेथा� बाHज� जHणा:सं;ते� तेथा�वा च।न&म्:ल्य�थाb तिह सं;तेस्य खल्ल� धत्वा� तिवाम्दे:य�ते॥गृह्णा�तिते तिनम्:ल/ र�गृ�न ग्र�सं� ग्र�सं� तिवाम्र्दिदे)ते+।म्दे:न�ख्य� तिह तेत्काम्: तेत्सं;तेगृ�णाका भ्देवा�ते॥
(र.र.संम्�.११/२७-३०)
Purpose: बातिहम्:लतिवान�शनम्
Continue…
Instruments: Tapta Khalvayantra
• one partSveditaParada
• Gruhadhuma• Ishtikachurnam• Dadhi• Guda (Jaggery)• Lavana • Asuri churna
Kalka dravyas
1/16th part of each
• as requiredKanji
Dravyani
Procedure
पेरिरभा�ष� :म्दे:न�ऽऽदिदेष्टाभा&षज्य&न:ष्टातिपेष्टात्वाका�रकाम्।तेन्म्;र्च्छ:न� तिह वाङ्गा�दिदेभा;जकाञ्च�कान�शनम्॥
(र.र.संम्�.८/६१)सं�त्र� :
गृहकान्य� म्ल� हन्य�ते तित्रफल� वाधिःpन�चिशनH।चिचत्रम्;ल� तिवाष� हन्विन्ते तेस्म्�दे�भिभा+ प्रोयत्नते+॥धिःम्भिqते� सं;तेका� द्रव्ये&+ संप्तेवा�र�भिणा म्;र्च्छ:य�ते।
इत्था� संम्म्;र्च्छिर्च्छ)ते+ सं;ते+ दे/षश;न्य+ प्रोज�यते�॥(र.र.संम्�.११/३१-३२)
Purpose: वाङ्गा�दिदेभा;जकाञ्च�कान�शनम्
Instruments: Patanayantra or Khalvayantra
Murcchana Samskara
Instrument – Khalvayantra
• one partMardita Parada
• Gruhakanya• Triphala• Chitrakamula
Kalka dravyas
1/16th part of each
• as requiredKanji
Dravyani
Procedure
पेरिरभा�ष� : स्वा�दे�तेपे�दिदेय/गृ�न स्वारुपे�पे�देन� तिह यते।तेदुत्त्था�पेनधिःम्त्य�क्ता� म्;र्च्छ�:व्ये�पेभिर्त्तन�शनम्॥ (र.र.संम्�.८/६२)
सं�त्र� : अस्म्�तिद्वेर�का�त्सं�श�द्धो/ रसं+ पे�त्यस्तेते+ पेरम्।
उद्धोvते+ का�स्थिaकाक्वा�था�ते पे;तितेदे/षतिनवार्त्तय�॥(र.र.संम्�.११/३३)
Purpose: म्;र्च्छ�:व्ये�पेभिर्त्तन�शनम्
Instruments: Khalvayantra/ Patanayantra
Utthapana Samskara
Instrument – Patanayantra
• one partMurcch
itaParada
• as required
Ushnodaka or Ushna Kanji
Dravyani
Keep Murcchita Parada in Damaruyantra apply heat
Allow the Damruyantra to become cool
Separate Parada from the yantra and wash it with Kanji
Collect Parada carefully and filter it with cloth piece.
Procedure
पेरिरभा�ष� : उक्ता& षध&म्:र्दिदे)तेपे�रदेस्य यन्त्रस्थिYतेस्य/र्ध्ववा:म्धश्च तितेय:का ।तिनय�:तेन� पे�तेनसं�ज्ञम्�क्ता� वाङ्गा�तिहसंम्पका: जकाञ्च�का�घ्नम्॥
(र.र.संम्�.८/६४)
Purpose: वाङ्गा�तिहसंम्पका: जकाञ्च�का�घ्नम्
Types:1. Urdvapatana2. Adhapatana 3. Tiryakpatana
Patana Samskara
Urdvapatana
सं�त्र� : ते�म्रे�णा तिपेधिःष्टाका�� का त्वा� पे�तेय�दूर्ध्ववा:भा�जन�।वाङ्गान�गृK पेरिरत्यज्य श�द्धो/ भावातिते सं;तेका+॥श�ल्बा�न पे�तेय�न्वित्पेष्टाH तित्रध/र्ध्ववाb संप्तेध� त्वाध+।
(र.र.संम्�.११/३६)
Dravyani
• Utthapita Parada – 1part
• Tamra Churna – ¼ parts
Instruments: Urdvapatanayantra
ProcedureTamra Churna mixed with Utthapita
Parada and ground well to become Pishti
Place this Pishti in Lower
Ghata of Urdhvapatana
yantraSeal the
Urdhvapatana yantra properly and apply fire
form downThen Parada will get
collected from the Upper Ghata of
Urdhvapatana yantra
Similar procedure
should repeat for 3 times in Urdhvapatana yantra and 7
times in Adhapatana
yantra
सं�त्र� : तित्रफल� चिशग्र�चिशखिखभिभाल:वाणा�सं�रिरसं�य�ते&+।नष्टातिपेष्टा� रसं� का त्वा� ल�पेय�च्चो/र्ध्ववा:भा�जन�॥तेते/ दे�प्ते&रध+पे�तेम्�त्पेल&स्तेत्र का�रय�ते॥
(र.र.संम्�.११/३७-३८)
Adhapatana
• one partUrdhvap
atita Parada
• Tripahala -• Shigru-• Chitraka-• Lavana-• Aasuri-
1/16th part of each
• as requiredKanji
Dravyani
Instruments: Adhapatanayantra
All Churna mixed with Urdhvapatit Parada and ground well with Kanji to
become Pishti
Place this Pishti in
Upper Ghata of Adhapatana
yantraSeal the Adhapatana
yantra properly and
apply fire form upper
side
Then Parada will get
collected at the bottom of Lower Ghata
of Adhapatana yantra
Procedure
Tiryakpatana
सं�त्र� :तितेय:का पे�तेनतिवाधिःधन� तिनपे�तितेते+ सं;तेर�जश्च।श्लक्ष्णाHका तेम्भ्रदेल� रसं�न्द्रय�क्ता� तेथा�ऽऽरन�ल�न॥खल्वा� देत्वा� म्दिदेते� य�वार्त्तन्नष्टातिपेष्टाते�म्�तिते।का� य�:भिर्त्तय:कापे�तेनपे�तितेतेसं;ते� क्रम्�णा दृढवाधिःpम्॥सं�स्वा�द्यो+ पे�त्य/ऽसंK न पेतेतिते य�वार्द्दvढश्च�ग्नK।तेदे�ऽसंK श�र्ध्वद्योते� सं;ते+ काम्:का�रH भावा�देध्रु�वाम्॥
(र.र.संम्�.११/४१-४३)
Dravyani
• Adhapattita Parada – 1part
• Dhanyabhraka – ¼ parts
• Kanji – as required
Instruments: Tiryakpatanayantra
Instruments: Tiryakpatanayantra
Procedure
Mix Dhanyabhraka with Adhapatit Parada and ground well with Kanji to become Pishti
Place this Pishti in Tiryaka patanayantra
Apply Mrudu, Madhyam & Tivraagni
Collect the Parada from Tiryaka patanayantra
पेरिरभा�ष� : जलसं&न्धवाय�क्तास्य रसंस्य दिदेवासंत्रयम्।स्थिYतितेर�Y�पेनH का� म्भे� य�ऽसंK र/धनम्�च्यते�॥
(र.र.संम्�.८/६५)सं�त्र� :
संष्ट्यम्बा�ज&र्निन)र/ध�न तेते/ म्�खकार/ भावा�ते।स्वा�देन�दिदेवाश�त्सं;ते/ वाHयb प्रो�प्नो/त्यन�र्त्तम्म्॥
(र.र.संम्�.११/४५)
Purpose: म्�खकार/ भावा�ते
Instruments: Ghatayantra, Kachakupi
Rodhana (or Bodhana) Samskara
Instruments: Ghatayantra, Kachakupi
Procedure
Prepare a saturated solution of ‘Saindhava Lavana’ in water, fill it in a Kachkupi
Put Patita Parada in Kachakupi & keep it in calm and cool place for 3 days
Collect Parada from Kachkupi on 4t
h day and wash it with water
पेरिरभा�ष� : र/धन�ल्लब्धवाHय:स्य चपेलत्वातिनवार्त्तय�।तिक्रयते� पे�रदे� स्वा�दे+ प्रो/क्ता� तिनयम्न� तिह तेते॥
(र.र.संम्�.८/६६)सं�त्र� :
तिनयम्य/ऽसंK तेते+ संम्यका चपेलत्वातिनवार्त्तय�।काका�ट्�फभिणान�त्र�भ्य�� वाभिश्चका�म्बा�जम्�का: वा&+॥संम्� का त्वा�ऽऽरन�ल�न स्वा�देय�च्चो दिदेनत्रयम्॥
(र.र.संम्�.११/४६)
Purpose: चपेलत्वातिनवार्त्तय�
Niyamna Samskara
Instruments: Dolayantra
• one partRodhita Parada
• Karkoti kanda • Sarpakshi • Vrischika • Saindhava• Markava
1/16th part of each
• as requiredKanji
Dravyani
• Prepare a smooth paste of all the Kalka dravyas in Khalva adding Kanji.
Preparation of Kalk
a
• Cloth piece Bhurjpatra (Kadalipatra Vatapatra) Kalka Mercury
Preparation of Pottali by
using
• This whole appartatus is know as Dolayantra
Place
the Pottali
in a vess
el filled
with Kanj
i
Procedure
• Continuous for 3 days
Application of Heat
• Collect the Mercury from Dolayantra
On 4th day
• Cleaning of Mercury
Wash
the Mercury
with
hot water &
filter it through
a cloth
piece
पेरिरभा�ष� :ध�ते�पे�ष�णाम्;ल�द्यो&+ सं�य�क्ता/ घट्म्र्ध्वयगृ+।ग्र�सं�थाb तित्रदिदेन� स्वा�दे/ दे�पेन� तेन्म्ते� बा�ध&+॥
(र.र.संम्�.८/६७)सं�त्र� :
भा;खगृ ट्�काणा म्रिरच&ल:वाणा�सं�रिर चिशग्र�का��न्दिजका& स्त्रिस्त्रदिदेनम्।स्वा�दे�न दे�तिपेते/ऽसंK ग्र�सं�था�ज�यते�सं;ते+॥
(र.ह्र.ते.२/१८)Purpose: ग्र�सं�थाb
Dipana Samskara
• one partNiyamitaParada
• Sphatika • Kasisa • Tankana• Maricha• Saindhavalavana • Rajika • Shigrutvak
1/16th part of each
• as requiredKanji
Dravyani
Instruments: Dolayantra
Preparation of Kalka
Preparation of
Pottali
Place the Pottali in Daolayantra filled
with Kanji
Procedure
Application of Heat
On 4th day Collect the
Mercury from
Dolayantra
Cleaning of Mercury with Kanji
Changes observed in Parada after Ashtasamskara
(Repot of Experimental study on Ashtasamskara – ref. Rasa Sastra by Damodar Joshi)
Sample Sp. Gr.
Crude mercury 13.63
Svedita Parada 13.59
Mardita Parada 1316
Murcchita Parada 13.31
Uthapita Parada 13.31
Patita Parada 13.56
Bodhitav Parada 13.28
Niyamita Parada 13.39
Dipita Parada 13.55
Sp. Gr. Of each sample
Sample % of purity
Crude mercury 97.81%
Svedita Parada 97.81%
Mardita Parada 96.70%
Murcchita Parada 95.96%
Uthapita Parada 95.96%
Patita Parada 97.43%
Bodhitav Parada 96.04%
Niyamita Parada 96.44%
Dipita Parada 96.86%
Percentage of Purity
Next step after Ashtasamskara
Practically now a day many pharmacies and Rasavaidyas are not going for Ashtasamskara, they are using Hingulotha Parada.
Is Hinguloth Parada is good replacement for Ashtasamskarit Parada?
YES
Alternative method for Ashtasamskara
1st Reason
• In Hingula – Parada is chemically bonded with Gandhaka
• This Gandhaka have some unknown effect on Parada.
• This unknown effect may be considered as Samskara.
2nd Reason
• The process mentioned for Extraction of Parada from Hingula is having some sort of similarity with Samskara procedures.
• So we can say that Hingulotha Parada is a type of Samskara for extraction of Parada from the Hingula.
Research works on Parada Samskara
Rasasastra has big
opportunity.
Many reasons for
negligence of the topic
Previous works carried
out on this subject
This field required attention in following aspects
• Modification of instruments• Modification of Some methods • Comparative studies on different methods
mentioned by different Acharyas for Samskara of Parada
• Comparative study on Hinguloth Parada and Ashtasamskarit Paradas role in rasa medicine.
LETS DO SOME WORK NOW TO CONTRIBUTE THIS CLASSICS