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Article Review
Military CultureTo
Dr Fauziah Hanim Bte Abd Jalal
By
Nageswary ShanmughamM20122001768
Sanjay Vengatravana
M20122001723
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This article focuses on some of thespecific challenges and nuances
found within the military society in
hopes that it will assist Marriage andFamily Therapists (MFTs) in providing
exceptional care to the members of
the culture.
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DEMOGRAPHICS
The present military society iscomprised:
I. more dual-military couples,
II. more married service members,III. more dependents of service members,
and
IV. a greater number of military spousesworking outside the home.
V. number of women serving in the
military. Currently, over 14% of militaryersonnel are women Rotter & Bove a
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SPECIAL POPULATIONS
the changing demographics of militarymembers, greater the diversity of familystructures, each with unique stressesand needs
junior enlisted members - the youngestand lowest-ranking members of themilitary society
Women - undergone significanttransformation since the days of thegender-segregated services like theWomen's Army Corps
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Cont....
have risen to fulfill the highest-rankingpositions within the military
dual-military marriages - both spouses
are members of the military. Greatest challenges is childcare
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STRESS FACTORS IN THE
MILITARY SETTING1. RELOCATIONS
2. DEPLOYMENTS
3. STRUCTURAL AUTHORITY
4. THREAT OF LOSS OF LIFE
5. ACCELERATED CAREER
PATTERN
6. INADEQUATE HOUSING
7. INADEQUATE PAY
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Stress Factors in the Military
Setting
Relocations - normal tour lengths tofour years
families move on an average of almost
once a year relocations cause stress on the soldier
and his or her family
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Deployments
represent stressful situations ofprolonged separation from families
and loved ones for soldiers.
cause stress because the soldier isleaving a fairly stabilized network of
family, friends, and support
Spouses of deployed soldiersexperience loneliness, depression,
anxiety, anger, and physical illnesses.
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Soldiers deployed experience guilt forleaving their families, and also
experience depression, loneliness,
and anxiety that their spouses areexperiencing. (Rohall, 1999)
spouse who is not deployed must take
full responsibility for the dailyoperation of the family. One spouse
plays the role of mother and father.
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Structural Authority
The military contains a fairly rigid
structure of authority
service member can only leave theservice at the end of service contracts.
affects the life of the soldier every day-
he or she is always held accountableto someone.
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Threat of Loss of Life
potential violence and loss of life
involved in "Peacekeeping
Operations." Peacekeeping operationsare situations like the ones seen in
Somalia, Bosnia, Kosovo, and Cuba.
contain the potential for violence asevidenced by the loss of American
lives in Somalia
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Accelerated Career Pattern
Soldiers serving in the military often
reach positions of significant
responsibilities and prestige ahead oftheir peers in the civilian sector.
The career pattern in the military is
based on a twenty-year retirementversus a forty-year retirement in the
civilian sector.
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Inadequate Housing
relocations means they are changing
housing at the same frequency
causes problem for the servicemember and his or her family
government does not fully reimburse a
family who resides off-post in non-government housing or quarters
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many high cost of living areas cannotafford to live off-post
they apply to live on-post in
government housing The housing varies greatly from
location to location
units are being labeled "substandard"by the Department of Defense (Twiss
and Martin, 1999).
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Inadequate pay
military pay increases have not even
kept pace with the cost of inflation.
inadequate pay scale for manymembers
Left military families in difficult
situations
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Castro, C.A. & Adler, A.B. (1999). OPTEMPO: Effects on soldier and family readiness, Parameters 29, 86-95.
Department of Defense, Office of Personnel Support, Families and Education, Profile of the military
community: 1999 Demographics. Arlington, VA: Military Family Resource Center.
Figley, C.R. (1993). Coping with stressors on the home front. Journal of Social Issues,49, 51-71.
Gimbel, C. & Booth, A. (1994). Why does military combat experience adversely affect marital relations?
Journal of Marriage and the Family, 56, 691-703.
Knox, J. & Price, D. (1999). Total force and the new American military family: Implications for social work.
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Lehman, D.R. (1999). Continuing the Tradition of Research on War, 2.
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on family adjustment to the army life in a
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Rotter, J.C. & Boveja, M.E. (1999).Counseling military families. Family Journal, 7(4), 379-385.
Twiss, P.C. & Martin, J.A. (1999). Conventional and military public housing for families. The Social Science
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