1 Application of thermodynamic modelling to hydrated cements 1 Barbara Lothenbach 1,2 , Maciej Zajac 3 2 1 Empa, Laboratory for Concrete/Construction Chemistry, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, 3 Switzerland 4 2 NTNU, Department of Structural Engineering, Trondheim, Norway 5 3 HeidelbergCement AG, Global R&D, Oberklamweg 2‐4, 69181 Leimen, Germany 6 7 8 Abstract 9 Thermodynamic modelling is essential to understand the effect of binder composition on hydrate 10 assemblage in modern Portland composite cements and its effect on durability. Binary and ternary plots 11 of the hydrates’ volumes can visualize the effect of different SCMs at different hydration times. The pore 12 solution data analysis and the derived saturation indices can be used to gain further insights into the 13 processes governing the dissolution and precipitation of hydrates. The modelling of the hydrated 14 cements exposed to different environments has contributed significantly to the understanding of the 15 determining factors governing sulfate, chloride and carbonate attack. 16 Thermodynamics models and modelling approaches have achieved a mature level. In the last years, 17 more thermodynamic data have become available making thermodynamic calculations more reliable. 18 The main gaps identified include the refinement of models describing the uptake of ions and water by C‐ 19 S‐H, as well as data for ASR products and zeolites. 20 21 22 This document is the accepted manuscript version of the following article: Lothenbach, B., & Zajac, M. (2019). Application of thermodynamic modelling to hydrated cements. Cement and Concrete Research, 123, 105779 (21 pp.). https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.cemconres.2019.105779 This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Application of thermodynamic modelling to hydrated cements
Jun 27, 2023
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