AP Biology Chapter 9: Cellular Respiration. LE 9-2 ECOSYSTEM Light energy Photosynthesis in chloroplasts Cellular respiration in mitochondria Organic.

AP Biology

Chapter 9:Cellular Respiration

LE 9-2

ECOSYSTEM

Lightenergy

Photosynthesisin chloroplasts

Cellular respirationin mitochondria

Organicmolecules

+ O2CO2 + H2O

ATP

powers most cellular work

Heatenergy

Cellular Energy

ATP Structure

Phosphorylation using Free energy

LE 9-3

Reactants

becomes oxidized

becomes reduced

Products

H

Methane(reducing

agent)

Oxygen(oxidizing

agent)

Carbon dioxide Water

H C H

H

O O O OC OH H

CH4 2 O2+ ++CO2Energy 2 H2O

Electron Transport Chain is is ALWAYS located on a membrane

Oxygen is at the end

Process of Cellular Respiration

Energy Investment Phase

Energy Payoff Phase

LE 9-10

CYTOSOL

Pyruvate

NAD+

MITOCHONDRION

Transport protein

NADH + H+

Coenzyme ACO2

Acetyl Co A

Fig: 9.12Kreb’s Cycle Simplified

Actual Kreb’s Cycle

Electron Transport Chain is located on the inner FOLDED membrane

Electron Transport Chain(Proteins are H+ Pumps)

Pumping H+ into a confined space

LE 9-15

Protein complexof electroncarriers

H+

ATP ATP ATP

GlycolysisOxidative

phosphorylation:electron transportand chemiosmosis

Citricacidcycle

H+

Q

IIII

II

FADFADH2

+ H+NADH NAD+

(carrying electronsfrom food)

Innermitochondrialmembrane

Innermitochondrialmembrane

Mitochondrialmatrix

Intermembranespace

H+

H+

Cyt c

IV

2H+ + 1/2 O2 H2O

ADP +

H+

ATP

ATPsynthase

Electron transport chainElectron transport and pumping of protons (H+),

Which create an H+ gradient across the membrane

P i

ChemiosmosisATP synthesis powered by the flow

of H+ back across the membrane

Oxidative phosphorylation

Fig: 9.14ATP Synthetase Complex

Is Oxygen present?

Fig: 9.17aAlcohol Fermentation

Fig: 9.17bLactic Acid Fermentation

LE 9-19

Citricacidcycle

Oxidativephosphorylation

Proteins

NH3

Aminoacids

Sugars

Carbohydrates

GlycolysisGlucose

Glyceraldehyde-3- P

Pyruvate

Acetyl CoA

Fattyacids

Glycerol

Fats

LE 5-UN78

Aminogroup

Carboxylgroup

carbon

LE 5-11b

Ester linkage

Fat molecule (triacylglycerol)

Negative Feedback

Phosphofructokinase(Puts on the SECOND ATP)