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Antero-Lateral Abdominal Wall
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Abdominal Wall
Skin Fascia Muscle Special fascia (Transversalis)
Anterior
Lateral (Rt. & Lf.)
Posterior
Ant & Lat walls boundary is:
Linea Semilunaris
Muscle fascia & nerves arecontinuous within ant. & lat.Walls
Antero-lateral abdominal wall
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Linea Semilunaris
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Antero-Lateral Wall
Boundaries:
Superior
Xiphoid process& costal margin
(7th-10th CC)
Inferior
Inguinal Ligament:
C.T. ligament extends from
ant. sup. iliac spine pubic tubercle
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Fascia of Abdominal Wall
Superficialfatty layer (Campers fascia)membranous (Scarpas fascia)
Deep
enclosing the muscles(muscle fascia)fuse in 2 lines (semilunaris & alba)
Transversalis
continuous with endothoracicfascia in the thorax
Extra peritoneal fat
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Linea Semilunaris & Linea Alba
Alba
Semi
Semilunaris
Alba
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Layers of Abdominal Wall
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Muscles of Antero-Lateral Wall
5 muscles
3 lateral: (flat broad m)
Named by layer & fibers direction
external oblique
internal oblique
transversus abdominis
2 anterior: (vertical m)Named by shape
Rectus Abdominis
Pyramidalis
Read Table 4-1 in Your Textbook
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External Oblique
From:
outer surfaces of lower ribs (??)
Inferomedially
Inserted to:
Linea alba
Pubic crest & tubercle
Ant. of iliac crest
Inferior free border is thickened tobecome: Inguinal Ligament
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Inguinal Ligament & Superficial Ring
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Inguinal Lig.: Thickened backward reflection of the inferior border
of external oblique aponeurosis that extends from anterior superior
iliac spine to pubic tubercle
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Superficial Inguinal Ring: a triangular split (opening) in theaponeurosis of external oblique muscle, above pubic crest &medial to inguinal lig.
Structure passing through:
Spermatic cord in male or ? In female
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Internal Oblique Muscle
Main Origin:
lumbar fascia
ant. 2/3 of iliac crest??
Insertion
lower 3 ribs
xiphoid process
Linea alba
symphysis pubis
Read Table 4-1 in Your Textbook
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Transversus Abdominis
Runs horizontally
Main origin ??
Main Insertion:Linea alba
Read Table 4-1 in Your Textbook
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Rectus Abdominis
Long strap like muscle
Extends vertically over ant. Wall
4 Fleshy parts run between3 tendinous intersections:
xiphoid
umbilicus
halfway between ?
Enclosed by rectus sheath
(deep fascia)
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Pyramidalis
NOT always present
Base from pubis
Apex inserted into linea alba
Anterior to rectus abdominis
& within Rectus sheath
Function ??
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Rectus Sheath
Long fibrous sheath that is formed by
The three lat. Muscles aponeuroses
Starts from linea semilunaris
in both sides
Splits into 2 parts:
- Ant. to rectus abdominis
ext. oblique + of internal oblique
- Post. to rectus abdominis
transversus + of internal oblique
Merges in midline as ???
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Exception
At level of ant. sup. Iliac spine
(midway between umbilicus and ?)
All aponeuroses go anterior
NO posterior part
- Rectus abdominis become lined bytransversalis fascia
The infero-posterior disappearance ismarked by: arcuate line
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Contents of Rectus Sheath
2 muscles ??
4 bld. Vessels
Sup. & Inf. epigastric arteries
Sup. & Inf. epigastric veins
6 nerves
T7 T11 intercostals (5 nerves)
Subcostal n. (T12)
2 4 - 6
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Blood Vessels of Abdominal Wall
Superior epigastric a.
continuation of ??
posterior to rectus abdominis m.
Inferior epigastric a.
from external iliac artery
Route & location ?
10th & 11th Post. intercostals & Subcostal a. (12th)
Lumbar arteries (between which layers?)
Deep Circumflex iliac (origin?)
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Nerves of Abdominal Wall
Lower intercostal nerves:T7 T11
Subcostal n.
T12
1st lumbar nerve:
2 divisions:
iliohypogastric n.
ilioinguinal n.
does NOT enter the rectus sheath