Ancient History of Restorative Art

Ancient History of Restorative Ancient History of Restorative ArtArt

1288 – 1110 BC1288 – 1110 BCEgyptians: reincarnationEgyptians: reincarnationAnubis:Anubis:

Egyptian TreatmentsEgyptian Treatments

Scars, CutsScars, CutsMissing Eyes and LimbsMissing Eyes and LimbsBowed LegsBowed LegsEmaciationEmaciationBroken LimbsBroken LimbsDecubitus UlcersDecubitus Ulcers

MummificationMummification

Body covered in paste of resin and fat.Body covered in paste of resin and fat.Surface contour restored.Surface contour restored.

Middle AgesMiddle Ages(5(5thth – 15 – 15thth Century) Century)

No restorative art.No restorative art.Physicians cared for the privileged class.Physicians cared for the privileged class.

1313thth and 14 and 14thth Centuries Centuries

Post-mortem care of royalty and gentry:Post-mortem care of royalty and gentry: removal of organsremoval of organs skin incisedskin incised immersion in preserving liquids and powdersimmersion in preserving liquids and powders not presentable for viewingnot presentable for viewing

RenaissanceRenaissance(14(14thth – 17 – 17thth Century) Century)

Italy: death masks made of important Italy: death masks made of important peoplepeople cast in hard wax and then hung in the churchcast in hard wax and then hung in the church

RenaissanceRenaissance(14(14thth – 17 – 17thth Century) Century)

France and England death masksFrance and England death masks artisticartistic ““real” hair attachedreal” hair attached ““puppet body” made of wickerpuppet body” made of wicker effigy placed on top of casketeffigy placed on top of casket

US Civil WarUS Civil War

Dr. Thomas HolmesDr. Thomas HolmesPlastic SurgeryPlastic SurgeryPlaster of ParisPlaster of ParisSculptor’s Clay and Window PuttySculptor’s Clay and Window PuttyYellow SoapYellow Soap

1912: “Modern Era of Restorative Art”1912: “Modern Era of Restorative Art”

Reference to a PhotographReference to a Photograph

Mayer: pages 502 & 558 Klicker page 39Mayer: pages 502 & 558 Klicker page 39Professional portraitsProfessional portraits

Reference to a PhotographReference to a Photograph

SnapshotsSnapshotsProfile viewProfile view

Reference to a PhotographReference to a Photograph

Three-quarter View:Three-quarter View:

Reference to a PhotographReference to a Photograph

Frontal viewFrontal view

Inversion of the PhotographInversion of the Photograph

HighlightHighlight

ShadowShadow

Normal LightingNormal LightingDirectional LightingDirectional Lighting

Flat LightingFlat Lighting

Modeling TechniquesModeling TechniquesKlicker page 65Klicker page 65

Concepts of ModelingConcepts of Modeling

Armatures: “framework, a material Armatures: “framework, a material commonly of pliable metal or wood, commonly of pliable metal or wood, employed to provide support for a wax employed to provide support for a wax restoration”restoration”Analyze before modeling.Analyze before modeling.Size, Position and FormSize, Position and Form

Concepts of ModelingConcepts of Modeling

Landmarks of Size:Landmarks of Size:

Concepts of ModelingConcepts of Modeling

Klicker page 65 and 66Klicker page 65 and 66Measurements in One DirectionMeasurements in One DirectionConfiguration to a PatternConfiguration to a PatternRough ModelingRough ModelingSmoothing a Wax SurfaceSmoothing a Wax SurfaceConstruction of Large MassesConstruction of Large MassesSurface Corrections by AdditionsSurface Corrections by Additions

Concepts of Modeling Concepts of Modeling

Surface Corrections by ReductionSurface Corrections by Reduction

Modeling by SilhouetteModeling by Silhouette

Modeling the ProfileModeling the Profile

Modeling the Bilateral FormModeling the Bilateral Form