ANALISIS NILAI TAMBAH PENGOLAHAN BUAH KOPI …repository.um-palembang.ac.id/id/eprint/1314/1/SKRIPSI1115-1711167590.pdfDari hasil penelitian ini besamya nilai tambah yang didapat dari

ANALISIS NILAI TAMBAH PENGOLAHAN BUAH K O P I MENJADI

BUBUK K O P I L U W A K DI DESA T E M U K A R Y A

K E L U R A H A N PADANG T E M U KECAMATAN DEMPO T E N G A H

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ANALISIS NILAI TAMBAH PENGOLAHAN BUAH KOPI MENJADI BUBUK

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RINGKASAN

A R I E F RAMADHAN. A n a l i s i s N i l a i T a m b a h P e n g o l a h a n B u a h K o p i M e n j a d i B u b u k K o p i L u w a k d i D e s a T e m u K a r y a K e l u r a h a n P a d a n g T e m u K e c a m a t a n D e m p o T e n g a h K o t a P a g a r a l a m . D i b i m b i n g o l e h HARNIATUN ISWARINI d a n SUTARMO ISKANDAR.

T u j u a n p e n e l i t i a n i n i a d a l a h u n t u k m e n g e t a h u i n i l a i t a m b a h d a n k e u n t u n g a n p r o s e s p e n g o l a h a n b u a h k o p i m e n j a d i b u b u k k o p i l u w a k , f a k t o r a p a y a n g m e l a t a r b e l a k a n g i p e n g o l a h a n b u b u k k o p i l u w a k .

M e t o d e p e n e l i t i a n y a n g d i g u n a k a n a d a l a h s u r v e i d a n m e t o d e p e n a r i k a n c o n t o h y a n g d i g u n a k a n a d a l a h purpsive sampling d e n g a n m e n g a m b i l s a t u o b j e k p e n e l i t i a n y a i t u a g r o i n d u s t r i k o p i l u w a k .

D a l a m m e m b a h a s r u m u s a n m a s a l a h d i g u n a k a n a n a l i s i s d e s k r i p t i f d e n g a n p e n d e k a t a n k u a n t i t a t i f , s e d a n g k a n u n t u k r u m u s a n m a s a l a h n i l a i t a m b a h m e n g g u n a k a n t a b e l a n a l i s i s n i l a i t a m b a h .

D a r i h a s i l p e n e l i t i a n i n i b e s a m y a n i l a i t a m b a h y a n g d i d a p a t d a r i p e n g o l a h a n b u a h k o p i m e n j a d i b u b u k k o p i l u w a k s e b e s a r R p . 1 0 3 . 3 7 2 , 2 2 / k g d e n g a n h a s i l p r o d u k s i 1 8 k g d a l a m 1 k a l i p r o s e s p r o d u k s i d a n h a r g a j u a l b u b u k k o p i l u w a k s e b e s a r R p . 6 0 0 . 0 0 0 / k g d e n g a n k e u n t u n g a n y a n g d i p e r o l e h R p . 8 3 . 9 3 2 , 2 2 / p p . F a k t o r y a n g m e l a t a r b e l a k a n g i p e n g o l a h a n b u b u k k o p i l u w a k y a i t u b a h a n b a k u n y a m u d a h u n t u k d i d a p a t k a n , h a r g a j u a l b u b u k k o p i l u w a k t i n g g i d a n a d a n y a m o d a l .


BUBUK KOPI L U W A K DI DESA T E M U K A R Y A


K O T A PAGAR A L A M

Oleh

A R I E F RAMADHAN

SKRIPSI

Sebagai salah satu syarat untuk memperoleh gelar

Sarjana Pertanian

pada

PROGRAM STUDI AGRIBISNIS F A K U L T A S PERTANIAN

UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH PALEMBANG

PALEMBANG

2012

Skripsi


BUBUK K O P I L U W A K DI DESA T E M U K A R Y A


KOTA PAGARALAM

tcUh dipertahankan pada ujian skripsi pada tanggal 15 Agustus 2012

Oleh

A R I E F RAMADHAN

412008015

Palembang, September 2012

FakuUas Pertanian

Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang

Dekan

Ir. A.D. Murtado, M,P

RIWAYAT HIDUP

P e n u l i s d i l a h i r k a n p a d a t a n g g a l 2 4 A p r i l 1 9 9 0 d i K o t a P r a b u m u l i h . P e n u l i s

m e r u p a k a n a n a k k e t i g a d a r i t i g a b e r s a u d a r a , p u t r a d a r i T u l u s S u b a g i o , S E d a n S r i

H a r t a t i , S . P d . M . S i .

P e n d i d i k a n S e k o l a h D a s a r d i s e l e s a i k a n p a d a t a h u n 2 0 0 2 d i S D N e g e r i 1 7

P r a b u m u l i h . P e n d i d i k a n S e k o l a h M e n e n g a h P e r t a m a d i S M P N e g e r i 2 P r a b u m u l i h

p a d a t a h u n 2 0 0 5 d a n p e n d i d i k a n S e k o l a h M e n e n g a h K e j u r u a n d i S M K N e g e r i 1

P r a b u m u l i h p a d a t a h u n 2 0 0 8 .

P a d a t a h u n 2 0 0 8 p e n u l i s t e r d a f t a r s e b a g a i M a h a s i s w a F a k u l t a s P e r t a n i a n

P r o g r a m S t u d y A g r i b i s n i s U n i v e r s i t a s M u h a m m a d i y a h P a l e m b a n g . P a d a b u l a n

J a n u a r i 2 0 1 2 p e n u l i s m e l a k s a n a k a n K u l i a h K e r j a N y a t a ( K K N ) T e m a t i k P o s d a y a

A n g k a t a n I I d i D e s a P e d u K e c a m a t a n J e j a w i O g a n K o m e r i n g I l i r .

S e b a g a i t u g a s a k h i r i m t u k m e m p e r o l e h g e l a r s a r j a n p e r t a n i a n , p e n u l i s

m e l a k s a n a k a n p e n e l i t i a n l a p a n g a n d a r i b u l a n j u n i s a m p a i a g u s t u s 2 0 1 2 d i D e s a T e m u

K a r y a K e l u r a h a n P a d a n g T e m u K e c a m a t a n D e m p o T e n g a h K o t a P a g a r a l a m P r o v i n s i

S u m t e r a S e l a t a n .

V

D A F T A R I S I

H a l a m a n

K A T A PENGANTAR i"

RIWAYAT HIDUP iv

DAFTAR T A B E L viii

DAFTAR GAMBAR ix

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN x

I . PENDAHULUAN 1

A. L a t a r B e l a k a n g 1

B . R u m u s a n M a s a l a h 5

C . T u j u a n D a n K e g u n a a n 5

I I , K E R A N G K A T E O R I T I S 7

A. T i n j a u a n P u s t a k a 7

1 . K o n s e p s i A g r i b i s n i s D a n A g r o i n d u s t r i 7

2 . G a m b a r a n U m u m P e n g o l a h a n K o p i L u w a k 8

3 . K o n s e p s i P r o d u k s i 1 2

4 . K o n s e p s i H a r g a 13

5 . K o n s e p s i N i l a i T a m b a h d a n K e u n t u n g a n 1 4

6 . F a k t o r L a t a r B e l a k a n g 1 6

B . M o d e l P e n d e k a t a n 1 8

C . B i a y a O v e r a s i o n a l V a r i a b e l ^ 1 9

v

I I I . PELAKSANAAN PENELITIAN 2 0

A . T e m p a t D a n W a k t u 2 0

B. M e t o d e P e n e l i t i a n 2 0

C . M e t o d e P e n a r i k a n C o n t o h 2 0

D . M e t o d e P e n g u m p u l a n D a t a 2 1

E . M e t o d e P e n g o l a h a n D a n A n a l i s i s D a t a 2 1

IV. HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN 2 3

A . K e a d a a n U m u m D a e r a h P e n e l i t i a n 2 3

B . K e a d a a n U m u m A g r o i n d u s t i P e n g o l a h a n B u b u k K o p i L u w a k . . . . 2 6

C . I d e n t i t a s R e s p o n d e n 2 9

D . A n a l i s i s N i l a i T a m b a h P e n g o l a h a n B u a h K o p i M e n j a d i B u b u k K o p i L u w a k 3 2

E . A n a l i s i s N i l a i T a m b a h d a n K e u n t u n g a n P e n g o l a h a n B u a h K o p i M e n j a d i B u b u k k o p i l u w a k 3 4

F . F a k t o r Y a n g M e l a t a r B e l a k a n g i P e n g o l a h a n B u b u k K o p i

L u w a k 3 5

V. KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN 3 6

A . K e s i m p u l a n 3 6

B . S a r a n 3 7

DAFTAR PUSTAKA 3 8

LAMPIRAN 3 9

DAFTAR T A B E L

H a l a m a n

1 . K o m p o n e n - K o m p o n e n M e n g h i t u n g N i l a i T a m b a h D a n K e u n t u n g a n 15

2 . T a b u l a s i M e n g h i t u n g N i l a i T a m b a h 2 2

3 . J u m l a h P e n d u d u k B e r d a s a r k a n U m u r d a n J e n i s K e l a m i n 2 4

4 . T i n g k a t P e n d i d i k a n P e n d u d u k 2 4

5 . P r a s a r a n a P e n u n j a n g K e l a n c a r a n K e h i d u p a n M a s y a r a k a t 2 6

6 . I d e n t i t a s P e n g u s a h a n B u b u k K o p i L u w a k 3 0

7 . T i n g k a t P e n d i d i k a n P e n g u s a h a n K o p i L u w a k 3 1

8 . A n a l i s i s N i l a i T a m b a h U s a h a B u b u k K o p i L u w a k d a l a m 1 k a l i P r o s e s P r o d u k s i 3 2

9 . I n p u t y a n g d i g u n a k a n d a n O u t p u t y a n g d i h a s i l k a n d a l a m 1 k a l i P r o s e s P r o d u k s i 3 3

1 0 . R a t a - r a t a N i l a i T a m b a h d a n K e u n t u n g a n P e n g o l a h a n B u b u k K o p i L u w a k 3 4

vii

DAFTAR GAMBAR

H a l a m a n

1 . D i a g r a m a t i k A n a l i s i s N i l a i T a m b a h P e n g o l a h a n K o p i L u w a k 1 8

2 . D i a g r a m a t i k P r o s e s P e n g o l a h a n B u b u k K o p i L u w a k 2 9

viii

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

H a l a m a n

1 . P e t a K o t a P a g a r a l a m 3 9

2 . J u m l a h I n p u t D a l a m P e n g o l a h a n B u b u k K o p i L u w a k 4 0

3 . J u m l a h O u t p u t D a l a m P e n g o l a h a n B u b u k K o p i L u w a k 4 1

4 . N i l a i T a m b a h P e n g o l a h a n B u a h K o p i M e n j a d i B u b u k K o p i L u w a k 4 2

5 . D o k u m e n t a s i P e n e l i t i a n 4 5

ix

I . PENDAHULUAN

A. Latar Belakang

I n d o n e s i a m e r u p a k a n s a l a h s a t u n e g a r a b e r k e m b a n g d e n g a n s e k t o r p e r t a n i a n

s e b a g a i s u m b e r m a t a p e n c a h a r i a n d a r i m a y o r i t a s p e n d u d u k n y a . D e n g a n d e m i k i a n ,

s e b a g i a n b e s a r p e n d u d u k n y a m e n g g a n t u n g k a n h i d u p n y a p a d a s e k t o r p e r t a n i a n .

K e n y a t a a n y a n g t e r j a d i b a h w a s e b a g i a n b e s a r p e n g g u n a a n n y a l a h a n d i w i l a y a h

I n d o n e s i a d i p e r u n t u k k a n s e b a g a i l a h a n p e r t a n i a n d a n h a m p i r 5 0 % d a r i t o t a l a n g k a t a n

k e r j a m a s i h m e n g g a n t u n g k a n n a s i b n y a b e k e r j a d i s e k t o r p e r t a n i a n . P e n g e m b a n g a n

a g r i b i s n i s m e r u p a k a n s u a t u u p a y a y a n g s a n g a t p e n t i n g u n t u k m e n c a p a i b e b e r a p a

t u j u a n y a i t u , m e n a r i k d a n m e n d o r o n g m u n c u l n y a i n d u s l r i b a r u d i s e k t o r p e r t a n i a n ,

m e n c i p t a k a n n i l a i t a m b a h , m e n i n g k a t k a n p e n e r i m a a n d e v i s a , m e n c i p t a k a n l a p a n g a n

k e r j a d a n m e m p e r b a i k i p e m b a g i a n p e n d e p a t a n . S e b a g i a n m o t o r p e n g g e r a k

p e m b a n g u n a n p e r t a n i a n a g r i b i s n i s d i h a r a p k a n a k a n d a p a t m e m a i n k a n p e r a n a n

p e n t i n g d a l a m k e g i a t a n p e m b a n g u n a n d a e r a h , b a i k d a l a m p e m e r a t a a n p e m b a n g u n a n ,

p e r t u m b u h a n e k o n o m i m a u p u n s t a b i l i t a s n a s i o n a l ( S o e k a r t a w i , 2 0 0 1 ) .

D e n g a n b e r o r i e n t a s i p a d a p e n g e m b a n g a n a g r i b i s n i s d a n a g r o i n d u s t r i m a k a

p e m b a n g u n a n p e r t a n i a n t i d a k l a g i d i l a k s a n a k a n d e n g a n p e n d e k a t a n p a r s i a l m i s a l n y a

p e n d e k a t a n p r o d u k s i s a j a , a k a n t e t a p i m e l a l u i p e n d e k a t a n s e c a r a u t u h s e j a k p r a

p r o d u k s i , p r o d u k s i , p e n g o l a h a n d a n p e m a s a r a n . K e g i a t a n a g r i b i s n i s d a n a g r o i n d u s t r i

t e r s e b u t d i h a r a p k a n d a p a t m e w u j u d k a n s t r u k t u r e k o n o m i y a n g s e i m b a n g a n t a r a

1

2

i n d u s t r i d a n p e r t a n i a n , s e h i n g g a m a m p u m e n i n g k a t k a n n i l a i e k o n o m i y a n g l e b i h

b e s a r d a n m e n i n g k a t k a n m u t u y a n g l e b i h b a i k ( S o e k a r t a w i , 2 0 0 0 ) .

P e r k e b u n a n m e r u p a k a n s a l a h s a t u s u b s e k t o r p e r t a n i a n y a n g m e m p u n y a i

p e r a n a n p e n t i n g d a l a m m e n i n g k a t k a n p e m b a n g u n a n , d i a n t a r a n y a p e m e c a h a n

b e r b a g a i m a s a l a h d a e r a h m a u p u n m a s a l a h t e n a g a k e r j a , s o s i a l , l i n g k u n g a n d a n I a i n -

l a i n . S e l a i n i t u k o m o d i t i p e r k e b u n a n j u g a b e r p e r a n d a l a m m e n i n g k a t k a n t a r a f h i d u p

p e t a n i , m e n a m b a h d e v i s a n e g a r a d e n g a n m e c i p t a k a n l a p a n g a n p e k e r j a a n d a n

s e k a l i g u s b e r p e r a n d a l a m m e l e s t a r i a k a n s u m b e r d a y a a l a m . K o m o d i t i p e r k e b u n a n

m e m i l k i p o s i s i p e n o p a n g y a n g c u k u p b e s a r d a l a m p e r e k o n o m i a n I n d o n e s i a s e b a g a i

n e g a r a a g r a r i s . P e r a n a n s e k t o r p e r k e b u n a n d a l a m m e n u n j a n g d e v i s a n e g a r a c u k u p

t i n g g i , s e b a b b e b e r a p a k o m o d i t i p e r k e b u n a n m e m i l k i p e r o l e h a n d e v i s a y a n g t i n g g i

s e l a i n k o m o d i t i m i g a s ( D i n a s P e r k e b u n a n P r o v i n s i S u m a t e r a S e l a t a n , 2 0 0 1 ) .

S a l a h s a t u k o m o d i t i p e r k e b u n a n y a n g c u k u p p e n t i n g d a l a m p e r d a g a n g a n

i n t e m a s i o n a l s e l a i n k o m o d i t i k a r e t , t e h , l a d a , c e n g k e h , d a n t e m b a k a u a d a l a h k o p i .

K o p i m e m p a k a n s a l a h s a t u m a t a d a g a n g y a n g m e m p u n y a i a r t i y a n g c u k u p p e n t i n g

b a g i b a n g s a I n d o n e s i a d e n g a n n i l a i e k s p o r 6 - 1 0 % d a r i s e j u m l a h n i l a i - n i l a i h a s i l

p e r t a n i a n , h a s i l i n i m e n u n j a n g p e r e k o m i a n s e b a g a i s u m b e r d e v i s a t e r b e s a r s e t e l a h

k a r e t . S a l a h s a t u f o k u s k e b i j a k a n o p e r a s i o n a l y a n g d i t e m p u h d a l a m p e m b a n g u n a n

p e r k e b u n a n a d a l a h d e n g a n p e n g e m b a n g a n a g r i b i s n i s , y a i t u d e n g a n m e n i n g k a t k a n

k o m i d i t i y a n g t e r s e d i a s e p a n j a n g w a k t u m e l a l u i p e n i n g k a t a n p r o d u k s i , p r o d u k t i v i t a s

d a n p e n g e m b a n g a n p r o d u k o l a h a n ( S u s a n t o , 2 0 0 3 ) .

3

K o p i t e r m a s u k k o m o d i t i p e k e b u n a n y a n g b a n y a k d i p e r d a g a n g k a n d i d u n i a

i n t e m a s i o n a l . U r u t a n t i g a b e s a r p e n g h a s i l k o p i d i d u n i a y a k n i B r a s i l , K o l o m b i a , d a n

V i e t n a m . N e g a r a I n d o n e s i a m e r u p a k a n p e r i n g k a t k c - 4 p e n g h a s i l k o p i t e r b e s a r s e t e l a h

V i e t n a m . S a s a r a n e k s p o r k o p i y a n g b e r a s a l d a r i I n d o n e s i a u m u m n y a k e N e g a r a

A m e r i k a , J e p a n g , B e l a n d a , J e r m a n , d a n I t a l i a ( P a n g g a b e a n , 2 0 1 1 ) .

K e b u t u h a n m a s y a r a k a t t e r h a d a p k o p i a k a n t e r u s m e n i n g k a t s e j a l a n d e n g a n

k e n a i k a n j u m l a h p e n d u d u k y a n g b e r k e s i n a m b u n g a n s e h i n g g a p e l u a n g p a s a m y a t e t a p

p r o s p e k t i f s e p a n j a n g m a s a . H i n g g a d a w a s a i n i , k o p i m a s i h m e n d u d u k i k o m o d i t a s

a n d a l a n e k s p o r h a s i l p e r t a n i a n y a n g d a p a t m e n u n j a n g p e m b a n g u n a n n a s i o n a l b e r u p a

p a j a k d a n d e v i s a n e g a r a ( C a h y o n o , 2 0 1 1 ) .

S e d a n g k a n m e n u r u t K u m i a w a n ( 2 0 1 1 ) , s a l a h s a t u t a n a m a n p e r k e b u n a n y a n g

s a n g a t f > e n t i n g b a g i b a n g s a I n d o n e s i a a d a l a h t a n a m a n k o p i , s e t e l a h k o m o d i t i k a r e t ,

h a l i n i m e n u n j a n g p e r e k o n o m i a n s e b a g a i s u m b e r d e v i s a . D i t i n j a u d a r i s e g i s o s i a l n y a ,

t a n a m a n k o p i j u g a m e m p u n y a i p e r a n a n p e n t i n g k a r e n a m e n y a n g k u t k e h i d u p a n

b a n y a k p e t a n i d i I n d o n e s i a .

M e n u r u t P a n g g a b e a n ( 2 0 1 1 ) , a k h i r - a k h i r i n i t e r d a p a t y a n g n a m a n y a k o p i

l u w a k , k o p i y a n g m e r u p a k a n j e n i s d a r i a r a b i k a d a n r o b u s t a . I n d o n e s i a a d a l a h n e g a r a

p e r t a m a y a n g d i k e n a l s e b a g a i n e g a r a a s a l k o p i l u w a k . K a r e n a , I n d o n e s i a m e r u p a k a n

n e g a r a p e n g h a s i l k o p i l u w a k y a n g s u d a h d i k e n a l d i d u n i a . A k h i r - a k h i r i n i , b e b e r a p a

n e g a r a t e t a n g g a , s e p e r t i M a l a y s i a d a n F i l i p i n a m e n c o b a m e n g i k u t i j e j a k I n d o n e s i a

d e n g a n m e n g h a s i i k a n k o p i l u w a k . K o p i l u w a k s a n g a t d i g e m a r i o l e h m a s y a r a k a t

k a r e n a r a s a n y a y a n g s a n g a t s p e s i a l d a n b e r b e d a d a r i r a s a k o p i b i a s a . S a a t i n i , m e d i a

4

e l e k t r o n i k d a n n o n - e l e k t r o n i k b a n y a k s e k a l i m e n g u p a s l e n t a n g k h a s i a t d a n r a s a

s p e s i a l d a r i k o p i l u w a k , b a i k d i d a l a m n e g e r i m a u p u n d i l u a r n e g e r i .

B e b e r a p a f a k t o r y a n g m e n y e b a b k a n k o p i l u w a k t e r a s a e n a k d i p e n g a r u h i o l e h

b e r b a g a i r a n g k a i a n p r o s e s f e r m e n t a s i d a n p e n g o l a h a n n y a . B e r i k u t e m p a t f a k t o r

p e n t i n g y a n g m e m e n g a r u h i k e n i k m a t a n k o p i l u w a k ( P a n g g a b e a n , 2 0 1 1 ) .

• B u a h y a n g d i k o n s u m s i o l e h b i n a t a n g l u w a k s e b a i k n y a m e r u p a k a n b u a h k o p i

y a n g s u d a h m a t a n g o p t i m a l ( b e r w a m a m e r a h ) . B u a h k o p i b i a s a n y a d i s o r t i r

k e m b a l i o l e h l u w a k b e r d a s a r k a n i n d e r a p e n c i u m a n n y a .

• P r o s e s p e n g u p a s a n k u l i t b u a h o l e h s y s t e m p e n c e m a a n l u w a k h a s i l n y a l e b i h

b a i k d i b a n d i n g k a n d e n g a n p e n g u p a s a n k u l i t b u a h m e n g g u n a k a n p r o s e s

p e n g o l a h a n k e r i n g a t a u p e n g o l a h a n b a s a h o l e h m a n u s i a .

• P r o s e s f e r m e n t a s i p e l e p a s a n s e n y a w a l e n d e r y a n g t e r d a p a t p a d a k u l i t t a n d u k

b i j i k o p i b e r j a l a n s e m p u m a o l e h s y s t e m p e n c e m a a n l u w a k .

• Tempering ( p e n d i n g i n a n s e c a r a b e r t a h a p a t a u p e r l a h a n - l a h a n ) d a p a t

m e m b a n t u p r o s e s f e r m e n t a s i s e m p u m a .

P r o s e s p e n g o l a h a n b u a h k o p i y a n g b e r l a n g s u n g d i p e n c e m a a n l u w a k

m e l i b a t k a n p r o s e s p r o t e o l i s i s d a n f e r m e n t a s i y a n g s e m p u m a s e h i n g g a k a n d u n g a n

k i m i a w i b i j i k o p i y a n g d i h a s i l k a n m e n j a d i l e b i h b a i k d a n t e l a h m e l e w a t i m a s a

p e n d i n g i n a n s e c a r a b e r t a h a p . M a s a p e n d i n g i n a n i n i m a k s u d n y a saa t f e s e s k e l u a r d a r i

l u w a k s e b a i k n y a d i l a k u k a n p e n d i n g i n a n s e c a r a a l a m i ( t i d a k l a n g s u n g d i o l a h ) .

5

A d a n y a n i l a i t a m b a h p e n g o l a l i a n b i j i k o p i m e n j a d i b u b u k k o p i l u w a k t e n t u

s a j a a k a n m e n i m b u l k a n k e u n t u n g a n b a g i p e n g u s a h a k o p i l u w a k . B e r d a s a r k a n u r a i a n

t e r s e b u t p e n u l i s t e r t a r i k u n t u k m e l a k u k a n p e n e l i t i a n m e n g e n a i ''Analisis Nilai

Tambah Pengolahan Buah Kopi Menjadi Buhuk Kopi Luwak".

A. Rumusan Masalah

B e r d a s a r k a n u r a i a n d i a t a s m a k a p e r m a s a l a h a n y a n g d a p a t m e n a r i k u n t u k

d i j a d i k a n s a s a r a n p e n e l i t i a n a d a l a h :

1 . B e r a p a b e s a r n i l a i t a m b a h d a n k e u n t u n g a n y a n g d i p e r o l e h d a r i p e n g o l a h a n

b u a h k o p i m e n j a d i b u b u k k o p i l u w a k ?

2 . F a k t o r a p a y a n g m e l a t a r b e l a k a n g i p e n g o l a h a n b u a h k o p i m e n j a d i b u b u k k o p i

l u w a k ?

B. Tuiuan dan Kegunaan

T u j u a n p e n e l i t i a n i n i a d a l a h :

1 . U n t u k m e n g e t a h u i b e s a r n i l a i t a m b a h d a n k e u n t u n g a n y a n g d i p e r o l e h d a r i

p e n g o l a h a n b u b u k k o p i l u w a k .

2 . U n t u k m e n g e t a h u i f a k t o r a p a y a n g m e l a t a r b e l a k a n g i p e n g o l a h a n b u b u k k o p i

l u w a k .

6

A d a p u n k e g u n a a n d a r i p e n e l i t i a n i n i a d a l a h :

1 . M e m b e r i k a n p e n g e t a h u a n m e n g e n a i c a r a p e n g o l a h a n b u a h k o p i m e n j a d i

b u b u k k o p i l u w a k .

2 . S e b a g a i b a h a n p u s t a k a b a g i p a r a p e n e l i t i - p e n e l i t i s e l a n j u t n y a y a n g a k a n

m e n e l i t i .

I I . K E R A N G K A T E O R I T I S

A. Tinjauan Pustaka

1. Konsepsi Agribisnis dan agroindustri

A g r i b i s n i s s e r i n g d i k a t a k a n s e c a r a s e m p i t s e b a g a i p e r d a g a n g a n a t a u

p e m a s a r a n h a s i l p e r t a n i a n . D a l a m a r t i l u a s p e n g e r t i a n a g r i b i s n i s m a s i h j a u h d a r i

k o n s e p t e r s e b u t . A g r i b i s n i s d a l a m a r t i l u a s a d a l a h s u a t u k e s a t u a n k e g i a t a n u s a h a y a n g

m e l i p u t i s a l a h s a t u a t a u k e s e l u r u h a n d a r i m a t a r a n t a i p r o d u k s i , p e n g o l a h a n h a s i l d a n

p e m a s a r a n y a n g a d a h u b u n g a n n y a s o e k a r t a w i ( 1 9 9 3 ) .

A g r o i n d u s t r i m e r u p a k a n s u a t u r a n g k a i a n p a s c a p a n e n h i n g g a t i n g k a t

p e n g o l a h a n l a n j u t d e m i p e n i n g k a t a n k u a l i t a s p r o d u k . L e b i h l a n j u t a g r o i n d u s t r i a d a l a h

s e m u a k e g i a t a n e k o n o m i y a n g m e n g o l a h h a s i l p e r t a n i a n p r i m e r m e n j a d i p r o d u k

o l a h a n , b a i k d a l a m b e n t u k p r o d u k s e t e n g a h j a d i m a u p u n p r o d u k a k h i r y a n g s i a p s a j i

a t a u s i a p d i k o n s u m s i ( B a d a n A g r i b i s n i s D e p a r t e m e n P e r t a n i a n , 2 0 0 2 ) .

M e n u r u t W i d i j a y a d a n H a r y o n o ( 1 9 9 3 ) , a g r o i n d u s t r i ( i n d u s t r i p e r t a n i a n )

d i d e f i n i s i k a n s e b a g a i k e g i a t a n i n d u s t r y p e n g a d a a n d a n p e n y a l u r a n s a r a n a p r o d u k s i

p e r t a n i a n , i n d u s t r i y a n g m e m a n f a a t k a n b a h a n b a k u , d a n i n d u s t r i j a s a u n t u k k e g i a t a n

p e r t a n i a n . D e n g a n k a t a l a i n , a g r o i n d u s t r i d a p a t d i b e d a k a n a t a s i n d u s t r i h u l u p e r t a n i a n

( p e n g h a s i l a t a u p e n y a l u r a n s a r a n a p r o d u k s i p e r t a n i a n ) d a n i n d u s t r i i l i r p e r t a n i a n

( p e n g o l a h a n h a s i l - h a s i l p e r t a n i a n ) . D i d e f i n i s i m e m p e r l i h a t k a n a g r o i n d u s t r i b a g i a n

d a r i a g r i b i s n i s .

8

2. Gambaran Umum Pengolahan kopi luwak

Taksonomi Tanaman Kopi

D a l a m i l m u t u m b u h a n , t a n a m a n k o p i ( c o f f e a ) d i k l a s i f i k a s i k a n s e b a g a i

b e r i k u t :

K o n g d o m : Plantae ( t u m b u h - t u m b u h a n )

D i v i s i : Spermatophyta ( t u m b u h a n b e r b i j i )

S u b d i v i s i : Angiospermae ( b i j i b e r a d a d a l a m b u a h )

K e l a s : Dicotyledonae ( b i j i b e r k e p i n g d u a )

F a m i l i : Rubiaceae

G e n u s : Coffea

S p e s i e s : Coffea s p

P e n g o l a h a n a d a l a h s u a t u p r o s e s u s a h a u n t u k m e r u b a h b a h a n m e n t a h m e n j a d i

b a h a n j a d i . P a d a p r i n s i p n y a p e n g o l a h a n h a s i l b e r t u j u a n u n t u k m e m i s a h k a n b i j i k o p i

d a r i d a g i n g b u a h , k u l i t t a n d u k d a n k u l i t a r i . M e n u r u t P a n g g a b e a n ( 2 0 1 1 ) , p e n g o l a h a n

k o p i l u w a k h a m p i r s a m a d e n g a n t e k n i k p e n g o l a h a n k o p i m e t o d e k e r i n g {dry process).

P e r b e d a a n n y a h a n y a s a a t p r o s e s p e n c u c i a n b i j i k o p i y a n g m a s i h b e r k u l i t t a n d u k a t a u

p e r k a p e a n k o p i .

9

B e r i k u t t a h a p a n p r o s e s p e n g o l a h a n k o p i l u w a k :

a. P e n g u m p u l a n F e s e s

W a k t u p e n g u m p u l a n a t a u p a n e n k o p i l u w a k t e r g a n t u n g p a d a p e n a n g k a m y a ,

a d a y a n g d i l a k u k a n s a t u k a l i s e h a r i d a n 2 - 3 h a r i s e k a l i . P a n e n k o p i l u w a k u m u m n y a

d i l a k u k a n p a d a p a g i h a r i h i n g g a s i a n g h a r i . P e n g u m p u l a n f e s e s d i l a k u k a n d e n g a n

m e n g g u n a k a n " g a r u k " . S e t e l a h i t u , f e s e s d i k u m p u l k a n d i d a l a m s a t u t e m p a t a t a u

t a m p a h , l a l u d i k e r i n g k a n .

b . P e n g e r i n g a n F e s e s {Tempering)

P e n g e r i n g a n d i l a k u k a n d e n g a n c a r a m e n d i n g i n k a n s e c a r a t i d a k l a n g s u n g

( d i k e r i n g k a n ) . P e n g e r i n g a n i n i d a p a t b e r l a n g s u n g s e l a m a 3 - 7 h a r i . P e n g e r i n g a n

b e r t u j u a n u n t u k m e n g u r a n g i k a d a r a i r h i n g g a m e n j a d i 1 6 % . U m u m n y a , p e t a n i k o p i

l u w a k m e n g e r i n g k a n f e s e s l u w a k m e n g g u n a k a n a l a s b e r u p a h t a m p a h b a m b u

p a s a l n y a , t a m p a h b a m b u m e m i l i k i p e r m u k a a n y a n g t i d a k r a t a d a n t i d a k b e r b a u

s e h i n g g a p r o s e s p e n g e r i n g a n r e l a t i f l e b i h b a i k .

c. P e m b e r s i h a n F e s e s

S e t e l a h k e r i n g , b e r s i h k a n f e s e s l u w a k d a r i k o t o r a n y a n g m e n e m p e l . L a k u k a n

p e m b e r s i h a n b e r u l a n g k a l i ( l e b i h d a r i 7 k a l i ) h i n g g a y a n g t e r s i s a b a n y a n b i j i k o p i

b e r k u l i t t a n d u k . P e m b e r s i h a n d i l a k u k a n d e n g a n m e n g g u y u r k a n a i r s e c a r a t e r u s -

m e n e r u s m e l a l u i s e l a n g a i r k e b i j i - b i j i k o p i h a s i l f e s e s t a d i .

10

d . P e n g e r i n g a n F e s e s T a h a p D u a

B i j i k o p i y a n g m a s i h b e r k u l i t t a n d u k k e m b a l i d i k e r i n g k a n s e k i t a r 3 - 7 h a r i ,

t e r g a n t u n g c u a c a a t a u t e r i k m a t a h a r i . P e n g e r i n g a n i n i b e r t u j u a n u n t u k m e n g u r a n g i

k a d a r a i r . H i n d a r i p e n g e r i n g a n d i a t a s l a n t a i s e m e n . P a s a l n y a , l a n t a i s e m e n c e n d e r u n g

b e r d e b u d a n t e r d a p a t p a s i r - p a s i r h a l u s .

e . P e n g u p a s a n K u l i t T a n d u k

U n t u k m e n g u p a s k u l i t t a n d u k d a p a t d i l a k u k a n s e c a r a m a n u a l m e n g g u n a k a n

t a n g a n , b i j i p e r b i j i . C a r a m e n g g u n a k a n n y a d e n g a n m e n g g o s o k d a n m e n e k a n b i j i

k o p i b e r k u l i t t a n d u k y a n g s u d a h k e r i n g h i n g g a k u l i t t a n d u k n y a m e n g e l u p a s ,

k e r i n g k a n k e m b a l i b i j i k o p i y a n g s u d a h b e r u p a k o p i b e r a s (green beans) t e r s e b u t .

f . P e n g e r i n g a n B i j i K o p i B e r a s

P e n g e r i n g a n i n i b e r t u j u a n u n t u k m e n g u r a n g i k a d a r a i r h i n g g a 1 3 % .

P e n g e r i n g a n b i j i k o p i saa t f a s e i n i h a r u s l e b i h h a t i - h a t i . P e n g e r i n g a n b e r l e b i h a n d a p a t

m e n g a k i b a t k a n p e c a h n y a u j u n g k o p i . P e n g e r i n g a n d i a n g g a p s e l e s a i j i k a k a d a r a i r

t e l a h m e n c a p a i 1 2 - 1 3 % . G u n a k a n moisture meter a t a u cera meter u n t u k k a d a r a i r

l e b i h a k u r a t .

1 1

g . P e n y o r t i r a n

P e n y o r t i r a n d i l a k u k a n u n t u k m e m i s a h k a n k o p i l u w a k d a r i k o t o r a n y a n g

m e n e m p e l , b a i k b e r u p a p a s i r , t a n a h , m a u p u n d e b u . K o p i l u w a k t e r m a s u k k e d a l a m

k o p i g r a d e 1 . k a r e n a k o p i t e r s e b u t t e l a h m e l a l u i b e r b a g a i p e n g o l a h a n d a n b a n y a k

p e n y o r t i r a n d e n g a n p r o s e s f e r m e n t a s i y a n g b e r l a n g s u n g s e m p u m a , d i a t i d a k p e r l u

m e l a k u k a n p e n g u p a s a n k u l i t a r i . P a s a l n y a , a d a n y a k u l i t a r i d a p a t m e m p e r t a h a n k a n

m u t u c i t a r a s a k o p i d a n p e r u b a h a n w a m a b i j i m e n j a d i l e b i h l a m a d i b a n d i n g k a n

d e n g a n b i j i k o p i y a n g s u d a h t e r k e l u p a s k u l i t a r i n y a .

h . P e n g e m a s a n

P e n g e m a s a n d i l a k u k a n s e t e l a h d i l a k u k a n p e n y o r t i r a n . P e n g g u n a a n

p e n g e m a s a n y a n g t e p a t d a p a t m e m b a n t u m e m p e r p a n j a n g d a y a t a h a n s i m p a n k o p i .

T e m p a t p e n g e m a s a n k o p i y a n g b a i k a d a l a h k a r u n g g o n i d e n g a n k a p a s i t a s v o l i m e 6 0

k g . N a m u n , u n t u k j e n i s k o p i l u w a k u m u m n y a b e r u p a k e m a s a n 5 k g . J i k a u n t u k

k e b u t u h a n e k s p o r , k e m a s a n k o p i l u w a k 5 k g m e n j a d i s a l a h s t u p i l i h a n supplier u n t u k

m e n g h i n d a r i p a j a k e k s p o r . P a s a l n y a , j e n i s 5 k g d a p a t d i k a t e g o r i k a n s e b a g a i p a k e t

b i n g k i s a n (gift).

12

3. Konsepsi Produksi

P r o d u k s i a d a l a h s u a t u p r o s e s y a n g d a p a t m e n g u b a h b e b e r a p a f a k t o r p r o d u k s i

m e n j a d i p r o d u k s i . P r o d u k s i m e r u p a k a n h a s i l b e k e r j a n y a b e b e r a p a f a k t o r .

K e t e r s e d i a a n p r o d u k s e c a r a c o n t i n u e d a l a m j u m l a h y a n g t e p a t d a n b a i k d i t e n t u k a n

o l e h b e b e r a p a f a k t o r p r o d u k s i ( S o e k a r t a w i , 1 9 9 3 ) .

P r o d u k s i s e c a r a T e k n i s a d a l a h s u a t u p r o s e s p e n d a y a g u n a a n s u m b e r - s u m b e r

y a n g t e l a h t e r s e d i a d e n g a n h a r a p a n t e r w u j u d n y a h a s i l y a n g l e b i h d a r i s e g a l a n y a

p e n g o r b a n a n y a n g t e l a h d i b e r i k a n . D i t i n j a u d a r i p e n g e r t i a n e k o n o m i s p r o d u k s i a d a l a h

s u a t u p r o s e s p e n d a y a g u n a a n s e g a l a s u m b e r y a n g t e r s e d i a u n t u k m e w u j u d k a n s e g a l a

h a s i l y a n g t e r j a m i n k u a l i t a s d a n k u a n t i t a s n y a , t e r k e l o l a d e n g a n b a i k s e h i n g g a

m e r u p a k a n s u a t u k o m o d i t i y a n g d a p a t d i p e r d a g a n g k a n ( K a r t a s a p o e t r a , 1 9 9 2 ) .

K e g i a t a n p e n g o l a h a n p a d a s u b s i t e m a g r o i n d u s t r i t e r g a n t u n g p a d a k e t e r s e d i a a n

b a h a n b a k u , t e k n o l o g i p r o d u k s i y a n g d i g u n a k a n , d a n k u l a i t a s t e n a g a k e r j a i m t u k

m e m p e r l a n c a r p r o s e s p r o d u k s i d e n g a n t u j u a n u n t u k m e n c i p t a k a n p r o d u k a k h i r y a n g

m e n g u n t u n g k a n d a n u n t u k m e n i n g k a t k a n p e n d a p a t a n ( M u b y a r t o , 1 9 9 0 ) .

13

4. Konsepsi Harga

H a r g a m e r u p a k a n n i l a i s u a t u b a r a n g a t a u j a s a y a n g d i u k u r d e n g a n s e j u m l a h

u a n g d i m a n a b e r d a s a r k a n n i l a i t e r s e b u t , s e s e o r a n g a t a u p e n g u s a h a b e r s e d i a

m e l e p a s k a n b a r a n g a t a u j a s a y a n g d i m i l i k i n y a p a d a p i h a k l a i n . M e n u r u t M a n u l a n g

( 1 9 9 8 ) , m e n e j e l a s k a n b a h w a y a n g m e n e t u k a n h a r g a p e n j u a l a n s u a t u b a r a n g a d a l a h

o n g k o s p r o d u k s i d a r i b a r a n g y a n g b e r s a n g k u t a n p e n d a p a t i n i t i d a k b e r t e n t a n g a n

d e n g a n t e o r i e k o n o m i y a n g m e n y a t a k a n b a h w a h a r g a s u a t u b a r a n g d i p a s a r d i t e n t u k a n

o l e h p e r m i n t a a n d a n p e n a w a r a n . B e r a r t i t i d a k d i p r o d u k s i b i l a t i d a k m e m p e r o l e h

k e u n t u n g a n .

S e d a n g k a n m e n u r u t H e m a n t o ( 1 9 9 6 ) , b a h w a h a i g a a d a l a h p e r b a n d i n g a n a n t a r

b i a y a p r o d u k s i y a n g d i h a s i l k a n a t a u b i a y a s a t u a n p r o d u k . T i n g g i r e n d a h n y a h a r g a

p r o d u k d i p e n g a r u h i o l e h f a k t o r - f a k t o r y a n g b e r s i f a t t e k n i s a n t a r a l a i n p r o d u k s i

t a n a m a n , k u a l i t a s p r o d u k y a n g a k a n d i j u a l , s e r t a l o k a s i a t a u t e m p a t u n t u k

m e n d a p a t k a n f a k t o r - f a k t o r p r o d u k s i d a n u p a h t e n a g a k e r j a .

H a r g a h a s i l p e r t a n i a n d i t e n t u k a n b e r d a s a r k a n b i a y a p r o d u k s i y a n g k e m u d i a n

d i t a m b a h d e n g a n b i a y a p e m a s a r a n . P a d a u m u m n y a h a r g a h a s i l p e r t a n i a n m e n c a p a i

t i t i k t e r e n d a h p a d a s a a t p r o d u k y a n g d i h a s i l k a n j a u h m e l e b i h i j u m l a h y a n g d i m i n t a

k o n s u m e n s e h i n g g a h a r g a a k a n m e n j a d i s e m a k i n t e r p u r u k .

14

5 . Konsepsi Nilai Tambah dan Keuntungan

N i l a i t a m b a h a d a l a h s e l i s i h a n t a r a n i l a i k o m o d i t i y a n g m e r u p a k a n p e r l a k u a n

p a d a t a h a p t e r t e n t u d i k u r a n g i n i l a i k o r b a n a n y a n g d i g u n a k a n s e l a m a p r o s e s

b e r l a n g s u n g ( H a y a m i , e t a i , 1 9 8 7 ) .

K e u n t u n g a n m e r u p a k a n s e l i s i h a n t a r a p e n e r i m a a n d e n g a n b i a y a y a n g

d i k e l u a r k a n . K e u n t u n g a n y a n g d i p e r o l e h p e n g u s a h a a d a l a h s e l i s i h a n t a r a j u m l a h

p e n e r i m a a n d e n g a n b i a y a p r o d u k s i y a n g d i k e l u a r k a n ( S o e m a r s o n o , 1 9 9 0 ) .

S a l a h s a t u k e g u n a a n m e n g h i t u n g n i l a i t a m b a h a d a l a h u n t u k m e n g u k u r

i m b a l a n b e s a m y a j a s a t e r h a d a p p a r a p e m i l i k f a k t o r p r o d u k s i . B i j i k o p i y a n g t e l a h

d i o l a h m e n j a d i b u b u k k o p i l u w a k d a n b a n y a k d i k o n s u m s i o l e h m a s y a r a k a t

m e m b e r i k a n n i l a i t a m b a h b a g i b u b u k k o p i l u w a k i t u s e n d i r i ( A n g g a r a d a n M a r i n i ,

2 0 1 1 ) .

A d a p u n u n t u k m e n g a n a l i s i s b e s a m y a n i l a i t a m b a h d a n k e u n t u n g a n m a k a

d i g u n a k a n r a m u s s e b a g a i b e r i k u t :

15

T a b e l 1 . K o m p o n e n - K o m p o n e n M e n g h i t u n g N i l a i T a m b a h D a n K e u n t u n g a n

V a r i a b e l S i m b o l / r u m u s

Output, Input, Harsa

1 O i i t n i i t ( K a / n n ^ I . \ - / L I L L T l J l I I X ^ L / U J

A

/ I n r M i t " i\e nif\T\\ Z . . l i i u u i ^ r k g / U L / ^ g o

J. J enaga Pwcija ^ r i u i v / p p j r > K r

4 . F a k t o r K o n v e r s i F l — A / D

J. K o e t i s i e n lenaga K -er ja ( H U K y K , g j t — U/ t5

6. H a r g a O u t p u t ( K p / K g ) T7 r

/. U p a h 1 enaga K e r j a ( K p / H U K . ) G

St 1 - I ' i r n ' i I n n i i t i U n / l C n \ 6 . r i a r g a i n p u t i R p / N - g j

o

7. n a r g a i n p u t L , a i n ^ K p / i v g j 1

1 0 . N i l a i O u t p u t ( R p / K g ) J = D x F

1 1 . N i l a i T a m b a h ( R p / K g ) K = J - H - 1

12 . R a t i o N i l a i T a m b a h ( % ) L % = K / J x 1 0 0 %

13 . I m b a l a n T e n a g a K e r j a ( R p / K g ) M - E x G

14 . N i l a i T a m b a h % N % = M / K x 1 0 0 %

15. K e u n t u n g a n ( R p / p p ) O - K - M

S u m b e r : H a y a m i , e t a l , 1 9 8 7 .

16

6 . Faktor Latar Belakang

P e r u b a h a n - p e r u b a h a n d i d a l a m m a s y a r a k a t d a p a t m e n g e n a i n i l a i - n i l a i s o s i a l ,

n o r m a - n o r m a , p o l a p e r i l a k u ( p e n g e t a h u a n , s i k a p , d a n k e t e r a m p i l a n ) , i n t e r a k s i s o s i a l

d a n s e b a g a i n y a . F a k t o r p e n y e b a b t e r j a d i n y a p e r u b a h a n s o s i a l b e r s u m b e r d a r i d a l a m

m a s y a r a k a t i t u s e n d i r i d a n a d a d i s e b a b k a n o l e h f a k t o r - f a k t o r d a r i l u a r m a s y a r a k a t

a t a u p e n g a r u h d a r i m a s y a r a k a t l a i n d a n l i n g k u n g a n s e k i t a m y a . S e b a b - s e b a b

p e r u b a h a n y a n g d i t i m b u l k a n d a r i f a k t o r d a l a m m a u p u n l u a r a n t a r a l a i n

: b e r t a m b a h n y a a t a u b e r k u r a n g n y a p e n d u d u k , a d a n y a p e r t e n t a n g a n d a l a m m a s y a r a k a t

i t u s e n d i r i , p e r u b a h a n l i n g k u n g a n a l a m fisik y a n g t e r d a p a t d i s e k i t a r m a n u s i a ,

p e n g a r u h k e b u d a y a a n m a s y a r a k a t d a n a d a n y a p e n e m u a n - p e n e m u a n b a r u ( R a h i d i n ,

1 9 9 5 ) .

W i r i a d m a j a ( 1 9 9 6 ) , m e n y a t a k a n b a h w a c e p a t a t a u l a m b a t n y a , m e n e r i m a a t a u

m e n o l a k d a n t i n g g i a t a u r e n d a h n y a p e n e r i m a a n s u a t u i n o v a s i b a g i s e s e o r a n g a t a u

m a s y a r a k a t t e r s e b u t d i t e n t u k a n o l e h f a k t o r - f a k t o r s e p e r t i t i n g k a t p e n d i d i k a n , a d a t

i s t i a d a t , k e b u t u h a n , k o n t a k s o s i a l , n i l a i - n i l a i h i d u p . S e d a n g k a n M o s h e r ( 1 9 7 8 ) ,

m e n y a t a k a n b a h w a k e b a n y a k a n p e t a n i m a s i h m e m i l i k i p o l a p i k i r t r a d i s i o n a l d a n

s e l a l u c u r i g a t e r h a d a p m o d e a t a u c a r a - c a r a b a r u , a k a n t e t a p i s e k a l i s a j a m e r e k a

m e n c o b a i n o v a s i t e r s e b u t d a n t e m y a t a b e r h a s i l , m a k a m e r e k a b e r k e i n g i n a n u n t u k

m e n e r a p k a n n y a .

17

A d a p u n f a k t o r y a n g m e l a t a r b e l a k a n g i d a l a m p e n g o l a h a n b u b u k k o p i l u w a k

d i a n t a r a n y a a d a l a h s e b a g a i b e r i k u t :

a. Input utama dan Input lain.

I n p u t u t a m a y a n g d i g u n a k a n d a l a m p e n g o l a h a n b u b u k k o p i l u w a k y a i t u b u a h

k o p i , d i m a n a i n p u t y a n g d i d a p a t k a n t i d a k l a i n d a r i m a s y a r a k a t a t a u p e t a n i k o p i y a n g

m e n j u a l p e r k i l o n y a R p . 3 . 5 0 0 .

I n p u t I a i n a t a u i n p u t t a m b a h a n y a n g d i g u n a k a n d a l a m p e n g o l a h a n b u b u k k o p i

l u w a k i n i y a i t u p i s a n g d a n a y a m . B u a h p i s a n g m e r e k a d a p a t m e m b e l i n y a d i p a s a r

d e n g a n r a t a - r a t a R p . 3 0 . 0 0 0 p e r t a n d a n n y a s e d a n g k a n a y a m m e r e k a d a p a t b e l i d e n g a n

r a t a - r a t a R p . 3 0 . 0 0 0 p e r k i l o n y a ,

b. Harga

H a r g a y a n g d a p a t d i p e r o l e h d a r i p e n g o l a h a n b u b u k k o p i l u w a k a p a b i l a s u d a h

d i o l a h m e n j a d i b u b u k m e n c a p a i R p . 6 0 0 . 0 0 0 p e r k i l o n y a . S e d a n g k a n h a r g a y a n g

b e l u m d i o l a h m e n j a d i b u b u k k o p i l u w a k p r o d u s e n m e n j u a l k e p a d a k o n s u m e n

m e n c a p a i R p . 3 5 0 . 0 0 0 p e r k i l o n y a .

c Ketersedian Modal

M o d a l a d a l a h s e g a l a s e s u a t u y a n g d a p a t d i g u n a k a n u n t u k m e n j a l a n k a n s u a t u

u s a h a , s a l a h s a t u n y a u s a h a p e n g o l a h a n b u b u k k o p i l u w a k . M o d a l y a n g d i g u n a k a n

d a l a m p e n g o l a h a n b u b u k k o p i l u w a k i n i u n t u k m e m b e l i b a h a n b a k u ( i n p u t ) d a n

b a h a n b a k u t a m b a h a n ( i n p u t l a i n ) b e r u p a b u a h k o p i , a y a m , p i s a n g , l a b e l d a n k a n t u n g

p l a s t i k .

18

B. Model Pendekatan

M o d e l p e n d e k a t a n y a n g d i g u n a k a n d a l a m p e n e l i t i a n a d a l a h m o d e l

d i a g r a m a t i k s e p e r t i g a m b a r b e r i k u t i n i :

F a k t o r L a t a r b e l a k a n g

p e n g o l a h a n k o p i

P e n g o l a h a n

B i a y a I n p u t d a n T e n a g a K e r j a

B u a h k o p i

P r o d u k s i k o p i l u w a k

K e u n t u n g a n

N i l a i T a m b a h

K e t e r a n g a n :

• : P r o s e s

• : M e m p e n g a r u h i

G a m b a r 1 . D i a g r a m a t i k A n a l i s i s N i l a i T a m b a h P e n g o l a h a n K o p i L u w a k .

19

C. Overasional Variabel

1 . S a m p c l a d a l a h p e n g u s a h a y a n g m e m b u d i d a y a k a n t a n a m a n k o p i d a n m e l a k u k a n

p e n g o l a h a n b i j i k o p i m e n j a d i b u b u k k o p i l u w a k D i D e s a T e m u K a r y a K e l u r a h a n

P a d a n g T e m u K e c a m a t a n D e m p o T e n g a h K o t a P a g a r A l a m .

2 . P r o d u k s i ( o u t p u t ) a d a l a h h a s i l d a r i k e g i a t a n p e n g o l a h a n b i j i k o p i m e n j a d i b u b u k

k o p i l u w a k ( K g / p p ) .

3 . F a k t o r k o n v e r s i a d a l a h p e r b a n d i n g a n a n t a r a o u t p u t d a n i n p u t .

4 . B i a y a p r o d u k s i a d a l a h b i a y a y a n g d i k e l u a r k a n p e n g u s a h a k o p i d a l a m m e l a k u k a n

p e n g o l a h a n b i j i k o p i m e n j a d i b u b u k k o p i l u w a k ( R p / K g ) .

5 . N i l a i t a m b a h a d a l a h N i l a i O u t p u t d i k u r a n g i H a r g a I n p u t d a n S u m b a n g a n I n p u t

L a i n ( R p / K g ) .

6 . K e u n t u n g a n a d a l a h N i l a i T a m b a h d i k u r a n g i I m b a l a n T e n a g a K e r j a .

7 . N i l a i O u t p u t a d a l a h p e r k a l i a n a n t a r a f a k t o r k o n v e r s i d e n g a n h a r g a o u t p u t ( R p / p p ) .

8 . R a s i o N i l a i T a m b a h a d a l a h p e r b a n d i n g a n a n t a r a n i l a i t a m b a h d e n g a n o u t p u t y a n g

d i h a s i l k a n ( % ) .

\

\

19

C. Overasional Variabel

1 . S a m p e l a d a l a h p e n g u s a h a y a n g m c m b u d i d a y a k a n t a n a m a n k o p i d a n m e l a k u k a n

p e n g o l a h a n b i j i k o p i m e n j a d i b u b u k k o p i l u w a k D i D e s a T e m u K a r y a K e l u r a l i a n

P a d a n g T e m u K e c a m a t a n D e m p o T e n g a h K o t a P a g a r A l a m .

2 . P r o d u k s i ( o u t p u t ) a d a l a h h a s i l d a r i k e g i a t a n p e n g o l a h a n b i j i k o p i m e n j a d i b u b u k

k o p i l u w a k ( K g / p p ) .

3 . F a k t o r k o n v e r s i a d a l a h p e r b a n d i n g a n a n t a r a o u t p u t d a n i n p u t .

4. B i a y a p r o d u k s i a d a l a h b i a y a y a n g d i k e l u a r k a n p e n g u s a h a k o p i d a l a m m e l a k u k a n

p e n g o l a h a n b i j i k o p i m e n j a d i b u b u k k o p i l u w a k ( R p / K g ) .

5 . N i l a i t a m b a h a d a l a h N i l a i O u t p u t d i k u r a n g i H a r g a I n p u t d a n S u m b a n g a n I n p u t

L a i n ( R p / K g ) .

6 . K e u n t u n g a n a d a l a h N i l a i T a m b a h d i k u r a n g i I m b a l a n T e n a g a K e r j a .

7 . N i l a i O u t p u t a d a l a h p e r k a l i a n a n t a r a f a k t o r k o n v e r s i d e n g a n h a r g a o u t p u t ( R p / p p ) .

8 . R a s i o N i l a i T a m b a h a d a l a h p e r b a n d i n g a n a n t a r a n i l a i t a m b a h d e n g a n o u t p u t y a n g

d i h a s i l k a n ( % ) .

I I I . PELAKSANAAN PENELITIAN

A. Tempat dan Waktu

P e n e l i t i a n i n i t e l a h d i l a k s a n a k a n d i D e s a T e m u K a r y a K e l u r a h a n P a d a n g

T e m u K e c a m a t a n D e m p o T e n g a h K o t a P a g a r A l a m . T e r p i l i h n y a d e s a i n i s e b a g a i

l o k a s i p e n e l i t i a n d i l a k u k a n s e c a r a s e n g a j a (purposive sampling). D e n g a n

p e r t i m b a n g a n d i D e s a T e m u K a r y a i n i m e r u p a k a n s a l a h s a t u d a e r a h y a n g p e t a n i n y a

m e n g u s a h a k a n t a n a m a n k o p i d a n p r o d u k s i k o p i l u w a k . P e l a k s a n a a n p e n e l i t i a n

l a p a n g a n d i l a k u k a n d a r i b u l a n J u n i s a m p a i A g u s t u s 2 0 1 2 .

B. Metode Penelitian

M e t o d e p e n e l i t i a n y a n g d i g u n a k a n a d a l a h m e t o d e s u r v e i . M e n u r u t

S i n g a r i m b u n ( 1 9 8 9 ) , p e n e l i t i a n s u r v e y a d a l a h p e n e l i t i a n y a n g m e n g a m b i l s a m p e l d a r i

p o p u l a s i y a n g a d a d a n m e n g g u n a k a n k o e s i o n e r s e b a g a i a l a t p e n g u m p u l d a t a , d i m a n a

h a s i l p e n e l i t i a n b e r l a k u u m u m .

C . Metode Penarikan Contoh

M e t o d e p e n a r i k a n c o n t o h y a n g d i g u n a k a n d a l a m p e n e l i t i a n i n i m e n g g u n a k a n

m e t o d e s e n s u s . M e n u r u t S u g i y o n o ( 2 0 1 0 ) , a p a b i l a j u m l a h p r o d u s e n r e l a t i v e k e c i l ,

m a k a l e b i h b a i k p r o d u s e n d i a m b i l s e m u a s e b a g a i s a m p e l . B e r d a s a r k a n t e o r i d i a t a s

m a k a j u m l a h r e s p o n d e n y a n g d i a m b i l s e b a n y a k 5 p e n g u s a h a k o p i l u w a k .

20

21

D. Metode Pengumpulan Data

M e t o d e p e n g u m p u l a n d a t a y a n g d i g u n a k a n d a l a m p e n e l i t i a n i n i a d a l a h d e n g a n

m e n g g u n a k a n m e t o d e o b s e r v a s i d a n w a w a n c a r a . M e t o d e o b s e r v a s i m e r u p a k a n

p e n g a m a t a n t e r h a d a p b e b e r a p a s e g i d a r i m a s a l a h u n t u k m e m p e r o l e h f a k t a - f a k t a y a n g

d i p e r l u k a n .

S e d a n g k a n M e t o d e w a w a n c a r a a d a l a h m e r u p a k a n p r o s e s i n t e r a k s i d a n

k o m u n i k a s i d a l a m b e n t u k b e r t a n y a l a n g s u n g k e p a d a r e s p o n d e n g u n a m e n d a p a t k a n

i n f o r m a s i . D a t a y a n g d i k u m p u l k a n d a l a m p e n e l i t i a n i n i a d a l a h d a t a p r i m e r d a n

s e k u n d e r . D i m a n a d a t a p r i m e r d i p e r o l e h d a r i w a w a n c a r a l a n g s u n g t e r h a d a p

r e s p o n d e n , s e d a n g k a n d a t a s e k u n d e r d i p e r o l e h d a r i i n s t a n s i - i n s t a n s i y a n g a d a

h u b u n g a n n y a d a l a m p e n e l i t i a n i n i .

£ . Metode Pengolahan Data dan Analisis Data

M e n u r u t S o e w a d j i ( 2 0 1 2 ) , m e t o d e p e n g o l a h a n d a t a y a n g d i g x m a k a n d a l a m

p e n e l i t i a n i n i a d a l a h d e s k r i p t i f k u a n t i t a t i f . D e s k r i p t i f a d a l a h p e n e l i t i s e b a g a i

p e n g a m a t , m e n c a t a t g e j a l a y a n g m u n g k i n t i m b u l d i d a l a m p e n e l i t i a n . K u a n t i t a t i f

b e r t u j u a n u n t u k m e n j e l a s k a n , m e r i n g k a s k a n b e r b a g a i k o n d i s i , s i t u a s i , v a r i a b e l y a n g

t i m b u l d i m a s y a r a k a t y a n g m e n j a d i o b j e k p e n e l i t i a n .

D a t a y a n g d i p e r o l e h d a r i l a p a n g a n p e r t a m a - t a m a d i k e l o m p o k a n d a n

d i k l a s i f i k a s i k a n s e r t a d i a n a l i s i s d a n d i o l a h s e c a r a t a b u l a s i g u n a m e m p e r m u d a h d a l a m

m e n g a n a l i s i s d a t a .

22

T a b e l 2 . T a b u l a s i M e n g h i t u n g N i l a i T a m b a h d a n K e u n t u n g a n .

V a r i a b e l S i m b o l / r u m u s

Output, Input, Harea

1. O u t p u t ( K g / p p ) A

2 . I n p u t ( K g / p p ) B

3 . T e n a g a K e r j a ( H O K / p p ) C

4 . F a k t o r K o n v e r s i D = A / B

5. K o e f i s i e n T e n a g a K e r j a ( H O K / K g ) E = C / B

6 . H a r g a O u t p u t ( R p / K g ) F

7. U p a h T e n a g a K e i j a ( R p / H O K ) G

8. H a r g a I n p u t ( R p / K g ) H

9 . H a r g a I n p u t L a i n ( R p / K g ) I

t o . N i l a i O u t p u t ( R p / K g ) J = D x F

1 1 . N i l a i T a m b a h ( R p / K g ) K = J - H - I

12. R a t i o N i l a i T a m b a h ( % ) L % = K / J x 1 0 0 %

13. I m b a l a n T e n a g a K e r j a ( R p / K g ) M = E x G

14. N i l a i T a m b a h % N % = M / K x 1 0 0 %

15. K e u n t u n g a n ( R p / p p ) O = K - M

S u m b e r : H a y a m i , e t a l , 1 9 8 7 .

IV. HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN

A. Keadaan Umum Daerah Penelitian

1. Letak Geografis dan Batas Wilayah

K e l u r a h a n P a d a n g T e m u D e s a T e m u K a r y a m e r u p a k a n s a l a h s a t u k e l u r a h a n

y a n g b e r a d a d a l a m k e c a m a t a n D e m p o T e n g a h K o t a P a g a r a l a m P r o v i n s i S u m a t e r a

S e l a t a n d e n g a n l u a s w i l a y a h m e n c a p a i 2 5 0 h a . A d a p u n b a t a s w i l a y a h a d m i n i s t r a s i

^ k e l u r a h a n P a d a n g T e m u a d a l a h s e b a g a i b e r i k u t :

1 . S e b e l a h U t a r a b e r b a t a s a n k e l u r a h a n J o k o h

2 . S e b e l a h T i m u r b e r b a t a s a n k e l u r a h a n R e b a h T i n g g i

3 . S e b e l a h S e l a t a n b e r b a t a s a n k e l u r a h a n K a r a n g D a l e

4 . S e b e l a h B a r a t b e r b a t s a n k e l u r a h a n K a r a n g D a l o

J a r a k K e l u r a h a n d e n g a n K e c a m a t a n 4 k m . J a r a k d a r i k o t a P a g a r a l a m 7 k m

d a n j a r a k d a r i p r o v i n s i 2 9 0 k m .

P e n d u d u k D e s a T e m u K a r y a s a m p a i t a h u n 2 0 1 1 b e i j u m l a h 2 7 5 6 j i w a . Y a n g

t e r d i r i d a r i m u l a i a n a k - a n a k s a m p a i d e w a s a , d i m a n a j u m l a h k e s e l u r u h a n k e p a l a

k e l u a r g a ( K K ) s e b a n y a k 7 3 6 K K . J u m l a h p e n d u d u k L a k i - l a k i b e i j u m l a h 1 . 4 5 5 j i w a

d a n j u m l a h p e n d u d u k P e r e m p u a n b e i j u m l a h 1 . 3 0 1 j i w a .

2. Keadaan Penduduk

23

24

T a b e l 3 . J u m l a h P e n d u d u k B e r d a s a r k a n U m u r d a n J e n i s K e l a m i n d i D e s a T e m u K a r y a , 2 0 1 1 .

Tahun <1 1-5 5-7 7-15 15-56 >56 jumlah

2 0 1 0 4 2 2 1 7 1 1 9 4 0 1 1 6 4 9 3 0 2 2 7 3 0

2 0 1 1 3 9 2 2 0 1 2 2 4 6 4 3 1 7 3 3 7 2 7 5 6

S u m b e r : M o n o g r a f i K e l u r a h a n P a d a n g T e m u , 2 0 1 2 .

B e r d a s a r k a n t a b e l d i a t a s b a h w a u s i a y a n g p a l i n g b a n y a k d a r i t a h u n 2 0 1 0

s a m p a i 2 0 1 1 a d a l a h a n t a r a 1 5 - 5 6 t a h u n . T i n g k a t p e n d i d i k a n p e n d u d u k K e l u r a h a n

P a d a n g T e m u r e l a t i f t i n g g i k a r e n a 1 2 9 4 j i w a t e l a h b e r p e n d i d i k a n s e k o l a h d a s a r ( S D ) .

U n t u k l e b i h j e l a s t e r l i h a t p a d a t a b e l b e r i k u t .

T a b e l 4 . T i n g k a t p e n d i d i k a n p e n d u d u k k e l u r a h a n p a d a n g t e m u K e c a m a t a n D e m p o T e n g a h K o t a P a g a r a l a m , 2 0 1 1 .

No Tiugkat Pendidikan Jumlah (Jiwa) Persentase

(%)

1 B u t a H u r u f 18 0 , 6 4

2 B e l u m S e k o l a h 521 1 8 , 5 5 3 4

S D 1 2 9 4 4 6 , 0 7

5 6

S M P S M A

P e r g u r u a n T i n g g i

4 4 7 4 8 8 4 1

1 5 , 9 1

1 7 , 3 7

1 ,46

J u m l a h 2 8 0 9 1 0 0 , 0 0

S u m b e r : M o n o g r a f i K e l u r a h a n P a d a n g T e m u , 2 0 1 2 .

25

3. Sarana dan Prasarana

U n t u k m e n u n j a n g k e g i a t a n s e h a r i - h a r i d i D e s a T e m u K a r y a d i s e d i a k a n

s a r a n a d a n p r a s a r a n a . A d a p u n s a r a n a d a n p r a s a r a n a y a n g t e r d a p a t d i d e s a T e m u

K a r y a m e l i p u t i p r a s a r a n a s o s i a l s e p e r t i b a l a i d e s a y a n g d i g u n a k a n s e b a g a i t e m p a t

k e g i a t a n y a n g b e r h u b u n g a n d e n g a n k e m a s y a r a k a t a n l a i n n y a .

P r a s a r a n a p e r i b a d a t a n d i d e s a T e m u K a r y a y a i t u m e m p u n y a i 1 M a s j i d ,

D i m a n a p e n d u d u k D e s a T e m u K a r y a 1 0 0 % b e r a g a m a i s l a m , p r a s a r a n a p e r i b a d a t a n

i n i s u d a h d i m a n f a a t k a n m a s y a r a k a t s e t e m p a t u n t u k k e g i a t a n k e a g a m a a n s e p e r t i

s h o l a t j u m ' a t d a n p e r i n g a t a n h a r i b e s a r k e a g a m a a n . S a r a n a p e n d i d i k a n y a n g a d a d i

D e s a T e m u K a r y a t e l a h d i m a n f a a t k a n d e n g a n b a i k , t e r l i h a t d a r i h a m p i r k e s e l u r u h a n

a n a k u s i a s e k o l a h d a s a r t i d a k a d a y a n g t i d a k s e k o l a h . H a l i n i d i d u k u n g o l e h

k e s a d a r a n o r a n g t u a a k a n p e n t i n g n y a p e n d i d i k a n b a g i m a s a d e p a n a n a k n y a .

P r a s a r a n a p e r h u b u n g a n b e r u p a a s p a l , b e t o n d a n s e t a p a k . S e d a n g k a n s a r a n a

p e r h u b u n g a n d i g u n a k a n m o b i l , m o t o r , d a n s e p e d a y a n g d i m i l i k i w a r g a . P e n d u d u k

D e s a T e m u K a r y a t e l a h m e m i l i k i b e r b a g a i s a r a n a k o m i m i k a s i b e r u p a t e l e v i s i ,

h a n d p h o n e d a n s u r a t k a b a r s e h i n g g a c e p a t d i t e r i m a w a r g a n y a , u n t u k l e b i h j e l a s

s e p e r t i t e r l i h a t t a b e l 5 b e r i k u t :

2 6

T a b e l 5 . S a r a n a d a n P r a s a r a n a P e n u n j a n g K e l a n c a r a n K e h i d u p a n M a s y a r a k a t D e s a T e m u K a r y a , 2 0 1 1 .

No Jenis Sarana dan Prasarana Jumlah (unit)

1 B a l a i D e s a 2 P r a s a r a n a p e r i b a d a t a n

M a s j i d 3 P r a s a r a n a k e s e h a t a n

P u s k e s m a s 4 S a r a n a P e n d i d i k a n

- G e d u n g S D - G e d u n g S M P

5 K a n t o r L u r a h

S u m b e r : M o n o g r a f i D e s a T e m u K a r y a , 2 0 1 2 .

B. Keadaan Umum Agroindustri Pengolahan Bubuk Kopi Luwak

A g r o i n d u s t r i K o p i L u w a k i n i b e r g e r a k d i b i d a n g p r o d u k s i p e m b u a t a n b u b u k

k o p i l u w a k . U s a h a i n i m u l a i d i k e n a l s e d i k i t d e m i s e d i k i t d i D e s a T e m u K a r y a

K e l u r a h a n P a d a n g T e m u K o t a P a g a r a l a m P r o v i n s i S u m a t e r a S e l a t a n .

A g r o i n d u s t r i K o p i L u w a k i n i m e r e k a d i r i k a n d i b e l a k a n g a t a u d i h a l a m a n

r u m a h m e r e k a s e n d i r i d e n g a n m e n d a p a t k a n i z i n d a r i p e m e r i n t a h K o t a t e m p a t m e r e k a

t i n g g a l . U n t u k i n p u t n y a p r o d u s e n m e m b e l i d e n g a n m a s y a r a k a t y a n g m e m p u n y a i

k e b u n k o p i d e n g a n h a r g a R p 3 . 5 0 0 / k g d a n d a p a t m e m b e l i k o p i s e g a r d e n g a n r a t a - r a t a

1 3 4 k g / b u l a n a t a u s e s u a i d e n g a n k e b u t u h a n p r o d u k s i . H a r g a b u b u k k o p i l u w a k y a n g

d i t a w a r k a n p r o d u s e n k e k o n s u m e n s e b e s a r R p 6 0 0 . 0 0 0 / k g y a n g t e l a h d i o l a h m e n j a d i

2 7

b u b u k , s e d a n g k a n y a n g b e l u m d i o l a h , p r o d u s e n m e n j u a l k e p a d a k o n s u m e n m e n c a p a i

R p 3 5 0 . 0 0 0 / k g .

P r o s e s p e n g o l a h a n b u b u k k o p i l u w a k i n i d i d a h u l u i d e n g a n f e r m e n t a s i , p r o s e s

f e r m e n t a s i y a n g d i g u n a k a n a d a l a h b e n a r - b e n a r b u a h k o p i s e g a r y a n g d i m a k a n l u w a k

t e r c a m p u r d e n g a n e n z i m - e n z i m y a n g a d a d i d a l a m s a i u r a n p e n c e m a a n l u w a k t e r s e b u t

b e r a d a d i d a l a m p e r u t l u w a k s e l a m a 2 j a m s a m p a i 1 2 j a m , h a l i n i m e m b u a t p r o s e s

f e r m e n t a s i d i d a l a m s a i u r a n p e n c e m a a n l u w a k m e n j a d i s e m p u r n a s e h i n g g a t e r c i p t a

c i t a r a s a d a n a r o m a k o p i s e d u h y a n g n i k m a t .

B e r i k u t t a h a p a n p r o s e s p e n g o l a h a n b u b u k k o p i l u w a k :

a . P e m b e n a n P a k a n L u w a k

P e m b e r i a n p a k a n i n i d i l a k u k a n 2 h a r i s e k a l i s e b a n y a k 1 k g b u a h k o p i s e g a r

d a n d i t a m b a h p a k a n t a m b a h a n s e p e r t i p i s a n g d a n a y a m .

b . P e n g u m p u l a n F e s e s

P a n e n k o p i l u w a k d i l a k u k a n p a d a p a g i h a r i h i n g g a s i a n g h a r i d e n g a n

m e n g g u n a k a n s e k o p u n t u k m e n g a m b i l f e s e s d i d a l a m k a n d a n g l u w a k l a l u

d i k u m p u l k a n d i t a m p a h l a l u d i b e r s i h k a n .

c . P e n c u c i a n

P r o s e s p e m b e r s i h a n k o t o r a n y a n g m a s i h m e n e m p e l d i f e s e s l u w a k d i l a k u k a n

d e n g a n c a r a d i s i r a m m e m a k a i g a y u n g .

28

d . P e n g e r i n g a n

P e n g e r i n g a n i n i d i l a k u k a n d e n g a n m e n g g u n a k a n a l a s b e r u p a h t a m p a h b a m b u ,

t a m p a h b a m b u m e m i l i k i p e r m u k a a n t i d a k r a t a d a n t i d a k b e r b a u s e h i n g g a p r o s e s

p e n g e r i n g a n m e n j a d i b a i k .

e . P e n g u p a s a n K u l i t T a n d u k

P e n g u p a s a n k u l i t t a n d u k d a p a t d i l a k u k a n s e c a r a m a n u a l m e n g g u n a k a n t a n g a n .

P e n g u p a s a n n y a d e n g a n c a r a m e n g g o s o k d a n m e n e k a n b i j i k o p i b e r k u l i t t a n d u k y a n g

s u d a h k e r i n g h i n g g a k u l i t t a n d u k n y a m e n g e l u p a s .

f . P e n y a n g r a i a n

P e n y a n g r a i a n b i j i k o p i d i l a k u k a n s e l a m a 2 - 3 j a m d a n a k a n b e r u b a h w a m a

a g a k k e c o k l a t a n .

g . P e n u m b u k a n

S e t e l a h d i l a k u k a n p e n y a n g r a i a n , b i j i k o p i y a n g b e r u b a h w a m a a g a k

k e c o k l a t a n a k a n d i t u m b u k s e h i n g g a m e n j a d i b u b u k k o p i l u w a k y a n g s i a p d i s a j i k a n .

h . P e n g e m a s a n

P e n g e m a s a n y a n g a k a n d i l a k u k a n d a l a m b e n t u k s e d e r h a n a d e n g a n b e r a t p e r

k e m a s a n 1 k g , d a n 2 , 5 k g s a m p a i 5 k g d a n s i a p d i p a s a r k a n .

29

P e m b e r i a n P a k a n

3 * - Z

P e n g u m p u l a n F e s e s

P e n c u c i a n

P e n g e r i n g a n

P e n g u p a s a n K u l i t T a n d u k

P e n y a n g r a i a n

P e n u m b u k a n

I P e n g e m a s a n

G a m b a r 2 . D i a g r a m a t i k P r o s e s P e n g o l a h a n B u b u k K o p i L u w a k

C. Identitas Responden

1, XJmur

K e g i a t a n s e s e o r a n g p a d a u m u m n y a d i p e n g a r u h i o l e h f a k t o r u m u r , s e o r a n g

y a n g b e r a d a d a l a m u s i a p r o d u k t i f a k a n m a m p u b e k e r j a o p t i m a l , s e b a l i k n y a o r a n g

y a n g a t a u m a s u k d a l a m u s i a t i d a k p r o d u k t i f , t i n g k a t k e m a m p u a n k e r j a n y a r e n d a h .

30

P e n g u s a h a K o p i L u w a k p a d a p e n e l i t i a n i n i b e r j u m l a h 5 o r a n g , y a i t u s e m u a

p r o d u s e n y a n g m e l a k u k a n u s a h a p e n g o l a h a n b u a h k o p i m e n j a d i b u b u k k o p i l u w a k d i

D e s a T e m u K a r y a K e c a m a t a n D e m p o T e n g a h K o t a P a g a r a l a m . U m u r r e s p o n d e n

b e r k i s a r a n t a r a 4 0 - 6 0 t a h u n . U n t u k l e b i h j e l a s t e r l i h a t p a d a t a b e l b e r i k u t :

T a b e l 6 . I d e n t i t a s P e n g u s a h a B u b u k K o p i L u w a k D e s a T e m u K a r y a K e c a m a t a n D e m p o T e n g a h K o t a P a g a r a l a m , 2 0 1 2 .

No Umur Tingkat Jumlah Anggota Asal Daerah (Tahun) Pendidikan Keluarga

(Jiwa)

1 5 8 SI 2 P a g a r a l a m 2 4 1 SI 4 P a g a r a l a m 3 4 5 SI 5 P a g a r a l a m 4 5 2 SMA 2 P a g a r a l a m 5 5 6 SMA 3 P a g a r a l a m

J u m l a h 2 5 2 3 R a t a - r a t a 5 0

S u m b e r : H a s i l O l a h a n D a t a P r i m e r , 2 0 1 2 .

2. Pendidikan

P e n d i d i k a n b a i k f o r m a l d a n n o n f o r m a l m e r u p a k a n s a l a h s a t u f a k t o r p e l a n c a r

u n t u k p e m b a n g u n a n p e r t a n i a n y a n g b e r p e n g a r u h t e r h a d a p c e p a t a t a u l a m b a t n y a

p e n e r i m a a n d a n p e n e r a p a n t e k n o l o g i b a r u . P e n d i d i k a n f o r m a l a d a l a h k e g i a t a n y a n g

s i s t e m a t i s , b e r s t r u k t u r , b e r t i n g k a t , b e r j e n j a n g , d i m u l a i d a r i s e k o l a h d a s a r s a m p a i

d e n g a n p e r g u r u a n t i n g g i , k e g i a t a n s t u d i y a n g b e r o r i e n t a s i a k a d e m i s d a n u m u m ,

p r o g r a m s p e s i a l i s , d a n l a t i h a n p r o f e s i o n a l , y a n g d i l a k s a n a k a n d a l a m w a k t u y a n g t e r u s

3 1

m e n e r u s . P e n d i d i k a n n o n f o r m a l i a l a h s e t i a p k e g i a t a n t e r o r g a n i s a i d a n s i s t e m a t i s ,

d i l u a r s i s t e m p e r s e k o l a h a n y a n g m a p a n , d i l a k u k a n s e c a r a m a n d i r i a t a u m e r u p a k a n

b a g i a n p e n t i n g d a r i k e g i a t a n y a n g l e b i h l u a s , y a n g s e n g a j a d i l a k u k a n u n t u k m e l a y a n i

p e s e r t a d i d i k t e r t e n t u d i d a l a m m e n c a p a i t u j u a n b e l a j a m y a . M e s k i p u n d e m i k i a n , t i d a k

b e r a r t i b a h w a m a s y a r a k a t y a n g t i n g k a t p e n d i d i k a n f o r m a l r e n d a h a k a n l a m b a t d a l a m

m e n e r a p k a n t e k n o l o g i b a m .

T i n g k a t p e n d i d i k a n j u g a d a p a t m e m p e n g a m h i k e g i a t a n s u a t u u s a h a . H a l i n i

d i s e b a b k a n o l e h t i n g k a t p e n d i d i k a n y a n g m e m a d a i , m a k a d a p a t m e n g a m b i l s u a t u

k e p u t u s a n a p a b i l a d i h a d a p k a n o l e h b e b e r a p a m a s a l a h y a n g b e r h u b u n g a n d e n g a n

k e g i a t a n s u a t u u s a h a y a n g d i l a k u k a n . I d e n t i t a s r e s p o n d e n p e n e l i t i a n b e r d a s a r k a n

t i n g k a t p e n d i d i k a n b i s a d i l i h a t p a d a l a b e l b e r i k u t .

T a b e l 7 . T i n g k a t P e n d i d i k a n P e n g u s a h a K o p i L u w a k B e r d a s a r k a n P e n e l i t i a n d i D e s a T e m u K a r y a K e c a m a t a n D e m p o T e n g a h K o t a P a g a r a l a m , 2 0 1 2 .

No Pendidikan Jumlah (Jiwa) Persentase

(%)

1 P e r g u m a n T i n g g i 3 6 0 %

2 S M A 2 4 0 %

J u m l a h 1 0 0 %


D a r i t a b e l d i a t a s d a p a t d i l i h a t b a h w a t i n g k a t p e n d i d i k a n r e s p o n d e n p e n g u s a h a

k o p i l u w a k 6 0 % t a m a t p e r g u m a n t i n g g i .

32

D. Analisis Nilai Tambah Pengolahan Buah Kopi Menjadi Bubuk Kopi Luwak

N i l a i T a m b a h a d a l a h s e l i s i h a n t a r a n i l a i k o m o d i t i y a n g m e r u p a k a n p e r l a k u a n

p a d a t a h a p t e r t e n t u d i k u r a n g i n i l a i k o r b a n a n y a n g d i g u n a k a n s e l a m a p r o s e s

b e r l a n g s u n g . U n t u k l e b i h j e l a s n y a p e r h i t u n g a n n i l a i t a m b a h y a n g d i p e r o l e h d a r i

p e n g o l a h a n b u a h k o p i m e n j a d i b u b u k k o p i l u w a k p a d a t a b e l b e r i k u t .

T a b e l 8 . A n a l i s i s N i l a i T a m b a h U s a h a B u b u k K o p i L u w a k d a l a m 1 k a l i p r o s e s p r o d u k s i .

No Output, Input dan Harga Jumlah

1 O u t p u t ( A ) K g / p p 1 8 k g 2 I n p u t ( B ) K g / p p 1 3 4 3 T e n a g a K e r j a ( C ) / o r a n g 5 4 F a k t o r K o n v e r s i ( D ) 0 . 1 3 5 K o e f i s i e n T e n a g a K e r j a ( E ) 0 . 0 3 6 H a r g a P r o d u k ( F ) R p / K g R p 6 0 0 . 0 0 0 / k g 7 U p a h T e n a g a K e r j a ( G ) / ( H O K ) R p 6 4 8 . 0 0 0 / o r a n g 8 H a r g a i n p u t ( H ) R p / K g R p 3 . 5 0 0 / k g 9 H a r g a I n p u t L a i n ( I ) R p / K g R p 2 L 8 7 2 , 2 2 / k g 1 0 N i l a i O u t p u t ( J ) R p / K g R p 7 8 . 0 0 0 1 1 N i l a i T a m b a h ( K ) R p 1 0 3 . 3 7 2 , 2 2 / k g 1 2 R a t i o N i l a i T a m b a h ( L % ) R p l , 3 2 % 1 3 I m b a l a n T e n a g a K e r j a ( R p / k g ) R p l 9 . 4 4 0 / k g 1 4 B a g i a n T e n a g a K e r j a ( N % ) 0 , 1 8 % 15 K e u n t u n g a n ( 0 ) R p / p p R p 8 3 . 9 3 2 , 2 2 / p p

S u m b e r : H a s i l O l a h a n D a t a P r i m e r , 2 0 1 2

P a d a t a b e l d i a t a s d a p a t d i k e t a h u i b e s a m y a i n p u t y a n g d i g u n a k a n d a n o u t p u t

y a n g d i h a s i l k a n d a l a m 1 k a l i p r o s e s p r o d u k s i p e n g o l a h a n b i j i k o p i m e n j a d i b u b u k

33

k o p i l u w a k , d a l a m p e r h i t u n g a n n i l a i t a m b a h p a d a p e n e l i t i a n i n i a d a l a h n i l a i t a m b a h

y a n g d i h i t u n g p a d a t a h a p p e r k g d a n p e r r u p i a h .

1 . Input yang digunakan dan Output yang dihasilkan

I n p u t y a n g d i g i m a k a n d a l a m k e g i a t a n p e n g o l a h a n a k a n m e m p e n g a r u h i o u t p u t

y a n g d i h a s i l k a n . D a r i h a s i l p e n e l i t i a n i n i d i k e t a h u i i n p u t y a n g d i g u n a k a n p r o s e s

p e n g o l a h a n b u b u k k o p i l u w a k s e b e s a r 1 3 4 k g p e r 1 k a l i p r o s e s p r o d u k s i d a n o u t p u t

y a n g d i h a s i l k a n a d a l a h 1 8 k g d e n g a n h a r g a j u a l s e b e s a r R p 6 0 0 . 0 0 0 / k g . U n t u k l e b i h

j e l a s n y a i n p u t y a n g d i g u n a k a n b i s a d i l i h a t p a d a t a b e l 8 b e r i k u t .

T a b e l 9 . I n p u t y a n g d i g u n a k a n d a n O u t p u t y a n g d i h a s i l k a n d a l a m 1 k a l i p r o s e s P r o d u k s i , 2 0 1 2 .

No Uraian Jumlah

1 2

B a h a n B a k u / I n p u t ( K g / R p ) B u b u k K o p i L u w a k / o u t p u t ( K g / R p )

1 3 4 18

F a k t o r K o n v e r s i 0 . 1 3

S u m b e r : H a s i l D a t a O l a h a n P r i m e r , 2 0 1 2

D a r i t a b e l d i a t a s d i k e t a h u i d a l a m 1 k a l i p r o s e s p r o d u k s i b u a h k o p i m e n j a d i

b u b u k k o p i l u w a k d i d a p a t s e b e s a r 1 8 k g d a l a m 1 k a l i p r o s e s p r o d u k s i d a n f a k t o r

k o n v e r s i y a i t u 0 , 1 3 .

34

E . Analisis Nilai Tambah dan Keuntungan Pengolahan Buah Kopi Menjadi Bubuk Kopi Luwak

D a r i h a s i l p e n e l i t i a n i n i d i k e t a h u i b a h w a n i l a i t a m b a h p e n g o l a h a n B u a h K o p i

M e n j a d i B u b u k K o p i L u w a k s e b e s a r R p 1 0 3 . 3 7 2 , 2 2 / k g d a n k e u n t u n g a n n y a s e b e s a r

R p 8 3 . 9 3 2 , 2 2 / p p . U n t u k l e b i h j e l a s n y a N i l a i t a m b a h d a n K e u n t u n g a n y a n g d i p e r o l e h

d a l a m p e n g o l a h a n b u a h k o p i m e n j a d i b u b u k k o p i l u w a k d a p a t d i l i h a t p a d a t a b e l 9

b e r i k u t :

T a b e l 1 0 . R a t a - r a t a N i l a i T a m b a h d a n K e u n t u n g a n P e n g o l a h a n B u b u k K o p i L u w a k , 2 0 1 2 .

No Uraian Jumlah

1 N i l a i O u t p u t ( R p / p p ) R p 7 8 . 0 0 0 / p p 2 H a r g a I n p u t ( R p / K g ) R p 3 . 5 0 0 / k g 3 H a r g a I n p u t L a i n ( R p / K g ) R p 2 L 8 7 2 , 2 2 / k g 4 N i l a i T a m b a h ( R p / K g ) R p 1 0 3 . 3 7 2 , 2 2 / k g 5 I m b a l a n T K L ( R p / K g ) R p 1 9 . 4 4 0 / k g 6 K e u n t u n g a n ( R p / p p ) R p 8 3 . 9 3 2 , 2 2 / p p

S u m b e r ; D a t a O l a h a n P r i m e r , 2 0 1 2 .

D a r i t a b e l d i a t a s , d i k e t a h u i b a h w a n i l a i o u t p u t d a l a m p e n g o l a h a n b u a h k o p i

s e b e s a r R p . 7 8 . 0 0 0 d a n b i a y a y a n g d i k e l u a r k a n u n t u k p e n g o l a h a n b u a h k o p i m e l i p u t i

h a r g a i n p u t s e b e s a r R p . 3 . 5 0 0 / k g d a n s u m b a n g a n i n p u t l a i n b e r u p a a y a m , l a b e l ,

k a n t u n g p l a s t i k d a n p i s a n g s e b e s a r R p . 2 1 . 8 7 2 , 2 2 / k g . D a l a m 1 k a l i p r o s e s p r o d u k s i

p e n g o l a h a n b u b u k k o p i l u w a k a k a n d i p e r o l e h n i l a i t a m b a h R p . l 0 3 . 9 3 2 , 2 2 / k g d a n

u n t u k i m b a l a n t e n a g a k e r j a s e b e s a r R p . 1 9 . 4 4 0 / k g s e d a n g k a n k e u n t u n g a n y a n g

d i p e r o l e h s e b e s a r R p . 8 3 . 9 3 2 , 2 2 / p p .

35

F. Faktor yang Melatar belakangi Pengolahan Bubuk Kopi Luwak.

K o t a P a g a r a l a m a d a l a h s a l a h s a t u p r o d u s e n k o m o d i t i t a n a m a n k o p i p a l i n g

b a n y a k d i S u m a t e r a S e l a t a n . B a n y a k n y a p o t e n s i b u a h k o p i d i k o t a p a g a r a l a m s a l a h

s a t u n y a d i D e s a T e m u K a r y a K e l u r a h a n P a d a n g T e m u k e c a m a t a n D e m p o T e n g a h

K o t a P a g a r l a m m e m b u a t s a l a h s a t u p e n g u s a h a k o p i t e r t a r i k u n t u k m e n d i r i k a n u s a h a

p e n g o l a h a n b i j i k o p i m e n j a d i b u b u k k o p i l u w a k d i b a n d i n g k a n d e n g a n k o p i b i a s a d i

k a r e n a k a n :

1 . I n p u t U t a m a d a n I n p u t L a i n .

B a h a n b a k u n y a m u d a h u n t u k d i d a p a t k a n d e n g a n c a r a m e m b e l i d e n g a n

m a s y a r a k a t y a n g m e m p u n y a i k e b i m k o p i s e b e s a r R p . 3 . 5 0 0 / k g n y a .

2 . H a r g a J u a l .

H a r g a j u a l k o p i y a n g s u d a h d i o l a h m e n j a d i b u b u k k o p i l u w a k t i n g i u n t u k

d i p a s a r k a n m e n c a p a i R p 6 0 0 . 0 0 0 / k g n y a , s e d a n g k a n h a r g a j u a l b u b u k k o p i b i a s a

y a i t u R p 2 5 . 0 0 0 / k g s a m p a i R p 3 0 . 0 0 0 / k g n y a .

3 . K e t e r s e d i a n M o d a l .

M o d a l a d a l a h f a k t o r p e n t i n g d a l a m m e n s u k s e s k a n u s a h a p e n g o l a h a n b u b u k

k o p i l u w a k i n i d i m a n a m o d a l y a n g d i g u n a k a n d a l a m u s a h a i n i u n t u k m e m b e l i b a h a n

b a k u ( i n p u t ) d a n b a h a n b a k u t a m b a h a n ( i n p u t l a i n ) .

V. KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN

A. Kesimpulan

B e r d a s a r k a n h a s i l p e n g o l a h a n d a t a d a n p e m b a h a s a n y a n g t e l a h d i l a k u k a n

m a k a d a p a t d i a m b i l k e s i m p u l a n s e b a g a i b e r i k u t :

1 . B e s a m y a n i l a i t a m b a h y a n g d i d a p a t d a r i p e n g o l a h a n b u a h k o p i m e n j a d i b u b u k

k o p i l u w a k s e b e s a r R p . 1 0 3 . 3 7 2 , 2 2 / k g d e n g a n h a s i l p r o d u k s i s e b a n y a k 1 8 k g

d a l a m 1 k a l i p r o s e s p r o d u k s i d e n g a n h a r g a j u a l s e b e s a r R p . 6 0 0 . 0 0 0 / k g d a n

k e u n t u n g a n y a n g d i p e r o l e h s e b e s a r R p . 8 3 . 9 3 2 , 2 2 / k g .

2 . F a k t o r y a n g m e l a t a r b e l a k a n g i p e n g o l a h a n b u a h k o p i m e n j a d i b u b u k k o p i l u w a k

y a i t u :

- B a h a n B a k u n y a m u d a h u n t u k d i d a p a t k a n .

- N i l a i j u a l b u b u k k o p i l u w a k t i n g g i .

- A d a n y a M o d a l .

37

B. Saran

D a r i h a s i l p e n e l i t i a n d a n p e m b a h a s a n , m a k a p e n e l i t i m e n y a r a n k a n :

A g a r p e n g o l a h a n b u a h k o p i m e n j a d i b u b u k k o p i l u w a k m e m b e r i k a n n i l a i

t a m b a h d a n k e u n t u n g a n s e s u a i d e n g a n t u j u a n u s a h a , h e n d a k n y a m e l a k u k a n p r o s e s

p r o d u k s i t e r u s m e n e r u s d e n g a n m e n g g u n a k a n a l a t y a n g m o d e m s a a t i n i , s e r t a

m e m p e r l u a s j a r i n g a n p e m a s a r a n k e b e r b a g a i d a e r a h a g a r d a p a t d i k e n a l m a s y a r a k a t

luas.

38

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

A n g g a r a , A . d a n M a r i n i , S . 2 0 1 1 . K o p i s i H i t a m M e n g u n t u n g k a n . C a h a y a A t m a p u s t a k a . Y o g j a k a r t a

C a h y o n o , B . 2 0 1 1 . S u k s e s B e r k e b u n K o p i . P u s t a k a M i n a . J a k a r t a

H e m a n t o , F . 1 9 9 6 . I l m u U s a h a T a n i . P e n e b a r S w a d a y a . J a k a r t a

K a r t a s a p o e t r a , A . G . 1 9 9 2 . P e n g a n t a r E k o n o m i P r o d u k s i P e r t a n i a n . B i m a A k s a r a

K u m i a w a n , A . 2 0 1 1 . M e r a u p U n t u n g d a r i K o p i L u w a k . K l i k P u b l i s h i n g . Y o g j a k a r t a

M a n u U a n g , M . 1 9 9 8 . P e n g a n t a r E k o n o m i P e m s a h a a n . L i b e r t y . J a k a r t a

P a n g g a b e a n , E . 2 0 1 1 . M e n g e r u k U n t u n g d a r i B i s n i s K o p i L u w a k . P T . A g r o M e d i a P u s t a k a . J a k a r t a

S i n g a r i m b u n , M . 1 9 8 9 . M e t o d e P e n e l i t i a n S u r v e i . L P 3 S J a k a r t a

S o e k a r t a w i . 2 0 0 1 . A g r i b i s n i s T e o r i d a n A p l i k a s i . P T . R a j a G r a f i n d o . J a k a r t a

S o e w a d j i , J . 2 0 1 2 . P e n g a n t a r M e t o d e l o g i P e n e l i t i a n . M i t r a W a c a n a M e d i a . J a k a r t a

S u g i y o n o . 2 0 1 0 . M e t o d e P e n e l i t i a n A d m i n i s t r a s i . A l f a b e t a . B a n d u n g

S u k i m o . 1 9 9 5 . P e n g a n t a r E k o n o m i I n d u s t r i . B L M . J a k a r t a

S u s a n t o , M . 2 0 0 3 . K o p i B u d a y a d a n P e n a n g a n a n L e p a s P a n e n . P e n e b a r S w a d a y a . J a k a r t a

L a m p i r a n 1 . P e t a K o t a P a g a r a l a m

L a m p i r a n 2 . J u m l a h I n p u t D a l a m P e n g o l a h a n B u b u k K o p i L u w a k D i D e s a T e m u K a r y a K e c a m a t a n D e m p o T e n g a h K o t a P a g a r a l a m .

N o I n p u t ( K g / B i n ) H a r g a ( R p / K g ) T o t a l ( R p / B I n )

1 1 2 0 R p 3 . 5 0 0 R p 4 2 0 . 0 0 0

2 200 R p 3 . 5 0 0 R p 7 0 0 . 0 0 0

3 150 R p 3 . 5 0 0 R p 5 2 5 . 0 0 0

4 100 R p 3 . 5 0 0 R p 3 5 0 . 0 0 0

5 100 R p 3 . 5 0 0 R p 3 5 0 . 0 0 0

J u m l a h 670 R p 2 . 3 4 5 . 0 0 0

R a t a - r a t a 1 3 4 R p 4 6 9 . 0 0 0

S u m b e r : H a s i l D a t a O l a h a n P r i m e r , 2 0 1 2 .

L a m p i r a n 3 . J u m l a h O u t p u t D a l a m P e n g o l a h a n B u b u k K o p i L u w a k d i D e s a T e m u K a r y a K e l u r a h a n P a d a n g T e m u K e c a m a t a n D e m p o T e n g a h K o t a P a g a r a l a m .

No O u t p u t ( k g / b i n ) H a r g a ( R p / k g ) T o t a l ( R p / B l n ) 1 1 5 R p 6 0 0 . 0 0 0 R p 9 . 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 2 3 0 R p 6 0 0 . 0 0 0 R p 1 8 . 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 3 2 0 R p 6 0 0 . 0 0 0 R p 1 2 . 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 4 13 R p 6 0 0 . 0 0 0 R p 7 . 8 0 0 . 0 0 0 5 1 2 R p 6 0 0 . 0 0 0 R p 7 . 2 0 0 . 0 0 0

J u m l a h 9 0 R p 5 4 . 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 R a t a - r a t a 1 8 R p 1 0 . 8 0 0 . 0 0 0

S u m b e r : H a s i l D a t a O l a h a n P r i m e r , 2 0 1 2 .

L a m p i r a n 4 . N i l a i T a m b a h P e n g o l a h a n B i j i K o p i M e n j a d i B u b u k K o p i L u w a k d a l a m 1 k a l i p r o d u k s i .

N o Output, Input dan Harga Jumlah

1 O u t p u t ( A ) K g / p p 1 8 k g

2 I n p u t ( B ) K g / p p 1 3 4

3 T e n a g a K e r j a ( C ) / o r a n g 5

4 F a k t o r K o n v e r s i ( D ) 0 . 1 3

5 K o e f i s i e n T e n a g a K e i j a ( E ) 0 . 0 3

6 H a r g a P r o d u k ( F ) R p / K g R p 6 0 0 . 0 0 0 / k g

7 U p a h T e n a g a K e i j a ( G ) / ( H O K ) R p 6 4 8 . 0 0 0 / ( H O K )

8 H a r g a I n p u t ( H ) R p / K g R p 3 . 5 0 0 / k g

9 H a r g a I n p u t l a i n ( 1 ) R p / K g R p 2 1 . 8 7 2 , 2 2 / k g

1 0 N i l a i O u t p u t ( J ) R p / K g R p 7 8 . 0 0 0 / k g

1 1 N i l a i T a m b a h ( K ) R p 1 0 3 . 3 7 2 , 2 2 / k g

1 2 R a t i o N i l a i T a m b a h ( % L ) 1 , 3 2 %

13 I m b a l a n T e n a g a K e i j a ( R p / k g ) R p 1 9 . 4 4 0 / k g

1 4 B a g i a n T e n a g a K e r j a ( N % ) 0 , 1 8 %

15 K e u n t u n g a n ( 0 ) R p / p p R p 8 3 . 9 3 2 , 2 2 / p p


K e t e r a n g a n :

F a k t o r K o n v e r s i ( D ) ôjnmw ^ ^ input ( f l )

= H M = o . l 3 134

c- • -r iz • / c \ Tenaga Kerja ( C )

K o e f i s i e n T e n a g a K e r j a ( E ) = — j x ^ Z u W ) —

^ = 0 . 0 3 134

H a r g a I n p u t L a i n ( I )

a. l a b e l = 9 1 x R p 2 0 0 = R p 1 8 . 2 0 0

b . k a n t u n g p l a s t i k = 9 1 x R p 5 0 0 = R p 4 5 . 5 0 0

c . p i s a n g = 9 x R p 3 0 . 0 0 0 = R p 2 7 0 . 0 0 0

d . a y a m = 2 x R p 3 0 . 0 0 0 = R p 6 0 . 0 0 0 +

T o t a l = R p 3 9 3 . 0 0 0

J a d i b e s a m y a h a r g a i n p u t l a i n =^^-^^^££2 = R p 2 1 . 8 7 2 , 2 2 / k g 18

N i l a i O u t p u t ( J ) = D x F

= 0 , 1 3 x 6 0 0 . 0 0 0

= 7 8 . 0 0 0

= R p . 3 . 5 0 0 + R p . 2 L 8 7 2 , 2 2 + R p . 7 8 . 0 0 0

= R p . l 0 3 . 3 7 2 , 2 2 / K g

R a t i o N i l a i T a m b a h ( L % ) = ^ i q q %

^ ' N i l a i Output

103.372,22

N i l a i T a m b a h ( K ) = H + I + J

78.000

= 1 , 3 2 %

X 1 0 0 %

I m b a l a n T e n a g a K e r j a ( M ) = E x G

= 0 , 0 3 - 6 4 8 . 0 0 0

= 1 9 . 4 4 0

B a g i a n T e n a g a K e r j a ( N % ) = - x 1 0 0 % K

103.372,22

= 0 , 1 8 %

K e u n t u n g a n ( O ) = K - M

x l 0 0 %

= 1 0 3 . 3 7 2 , 2 2 - 1 9 . 4 4 0

= R p 8 3 . 9 3 2 , 2 2 / p p

L a m p i r a n 5 . D o k u m e n t a s i P e n e l i t i a n .

2 . p e m b e r i a n m a k a n

3 . K o t o r a n l u w a k

4 . P r o s e s P e n j e m u r a n

6 . P r o s e s P e n g g o r e n g a n

SURAT K E T E R A N G A N

Y a n g b e r t a n d a t a n g a n d i b a w a h i n i :

N a m a : i^H^t ,

J a b a t a n : Lu?7VV-

D e n g a n i n i m e n e r a n g k a n b a h w a :

N a m a : A r i e f R a m a d h a n

N i m : 4 1 2 0 0 8 0 1 5

J u d u l : A n a l i s i s N i i a i T a m b a h P e n g o l a h a n B i j i K o p i M e n j a d i B u b u k K o p i

L u w a k d i D e s a P e n g a r i n g a n K e c . D e m p o T e n g a h K o t a P a g a r A l a m .

A s a l : F a k u l t a s P e r t a n i a n U n i v e r s i t a s M u h a m m a d i y a h P a l e m b a n g

B e n a r t e l a h m e l a k u k a n p e n e l i t i a n / p e n g a b d i a n d i b i d a n g p e r t a n i a n .

D e m i k i a n s u r a t k e t e r a n g a n i n i d i b u a t u n t u k d a p a t d i g u n a k a n s e b a g a i m a n a m e s t i n y a .

ANALISIS NILAI TAMBAH PENGOLAHAN BUAH KOPI …repository.um-palembang.ac.id/id/eprint/1314/1/SKRIPSI1115-1711167590.pdfDari hasil penelitian ini besamya nilai tambah yang didapat dari

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