1. INTRODUCTION To day more than 80 per cent of the world’s electric power production comes from fossil- fuelled plants. As the demand for electricity is forecasted to increase, there is an urgent need to find new methods to extract electric energy from renewable sources. Renewable electric energy supply is today one of the highest priorities in many parts of the world. The yoto declaration !""# and the last agreement at $arra%ech &00& are significant proof of this. 'oth the () and the )* ha+e s et their targets on future gr eenhouse emissions. ence Renewable (nergy *ources are one of future energy producers. Renewable energy isenergygenerated from natural resources such assunlight, wind,rain, tidesandgeothermal heat ,which are renewablenaturally replenished. /n &00, about !81 of global final energy consumption came from renewable, with !21 coming from traditional biomass, which is mainly used for heating, and 21 fromhydroelectricity.3ew renewablesmall hydro, modern biomass, wind, solar, geothermal, and biofuelsaccounted for another &.41 and are growing +ery rapidly. The share of renewable in electricity generationis around !81, with !51 of global electricity coming from hydroelectricity and 2.41 from new renewable. 6ind is a form of solar energy. 6inds are caused by the une+en heating of the atmosphere by the sun, the irregularit ies of the earth7s su rface, and rotation of th e earth. 6ind flow patterns are modified by the earth7s terrain, b odies of water, and +egetation. umans use this wind flow, or motion energy, for many purposessailing, flying a %ite, and e+en generating electricity. 6ind poweris growing at the rate of 201 annually, with a worldwide installed capacity of!5#,"00 megawatts$6in &00", and is widely used in (urope,Asia, and the)nited *tates. The terms wind energy or wind power describes the process by which the wind is used to generate mechanical power or electricity. 6ind turbines con+ert the %inetic energy in the wind into mechanical power. This mechanical power can be used for specific tas%s such as grinding grain or pumping wateror a generator can con+ert this mechanical power into electricity.
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Today more than 80 per cent of the world’s electric power production comes from fossil-
fuelled plants. As the demand for electricity is forecasted to increase, there is an urgent need
to find new methods to extract electric energy from renewable sources. Renewable electric
energy supply is today one of the highest priorities in many parts of the world.
The yoto declaration !""# and the last agreement at $arra%ech &00& are significant
proof of this. 'oth the () and the )* ha+e set their targets on future greenhouse emissions.
ence Renewable (nergy *ources are one of future energy producers. Renewable
energy is energy generated from natural resources such as sunlight , wind , rain , tides and geothermal heat , which are renewable naturally replenished .
/n &00 , about !81 of global final energy consumption came from renewable, with !21
coming from traditional biomass , which is mainly used for heating , and 21
from hydroelectricity . 3ew renewable small hydro, modern biomass, wind, solar,
geothermal, and biofuels accounted for another &.41 and are growing +ery rapidly. The
share of renewable in electricity generation is around !81, with !51 of global electricity
coming from hydroelectricity and 2.41 from new renewable.
6ind is a form of solar energy. 6inds are caused by the une+en heating of the atmosphere
by the sun, the irregularities of the earth7s surface, and rotation of the earth. 6ind flow
patterns are modified by the earth7s terrain, bodies of water, and +egetation. umans use this
wind flow, or motion energy, for many purposes sailing, flying a %ite, and e+en generating
electricity.
6ind power is growing at the rate of 201 annually, with a worldwide installed capacity of
!5#,"00 megawatts $6 in &00", and is widely used in (urope , Asia , and the )nited *tates .
The terms wind energy or wind power describes the process by which the wind is used to
generate mechanical power or electricity. 6ind turbines con+ert the %inetic energy in the
wind into mechanical power. This mechanical power can be used for specific tas%s such as
grinding grain or pumping water or a generator can con+ert this mechanical power into
The Airborne wind Turbine is lighter-than-air tethered de+ice that rotates about ahori>ontal axis in response to wind, efficiently generating clean renewable electrical energy at
a lower cost than all competing systems. 6hen wind rotates the turbine7s blades, which in
turn cause an attached generator to also spin. The generator then con+erts that mo+ing energy
of the wind into electricity using electromagnetic induction. The blades of the $AR* turbine
are actually part of the three-dimensional blimp itself. The blades catch the wind, causing the
entire blimp to spin around. After the generator con+erts that mo+ement into electricity, it7s
The lift for the airborne turbine is created due to two reasons. rimarily it’s due to
buoyant lift i.e. due to helium present in the turbine which is lighter than the air. The amount
of helium present in the airship decides the altitude of operation. The helium pro+ides at leasttwice the positi+e lift +ersus the o+erall weight of the $AR* unit. The secondary lift is due to
aerodynamic effect or MA NU$ E%%ECT. $agnus (ffect was disco+ered in the mid !800,
which create lift when a spherical or cylindrical obBect is spun while mo+ing in a fluid. A
dimpled golf ball, hit properly, has a bac% spin that causes it to lift in flight. A baseball cur+e
ball pitch uses the $agnus effect. 'asically, a bac% spin causes a low pressure region to form
abo+e the obBect and high pressure to form below, resulting in lift. A large obBect li%e the
$agenn Air Rotor creates substantial lift, so much so that the de+ice should actually wor% ina wind, without using a lifting gas.
2.3. Components in Airborne Wind Turbine:
The components in $agenn Air Rotary *ystem are
1& '(adder#
The bag filled with any gas is called bladder, here the airship is filled with inert gas which
is non-flammable i.e. elium . elium is the second most abundant element in the
uni+erse. elium pro+ides extra lift and will %eep $AR* at altitude in +ery low winds or
calm air. /t is also plentiful, inexpensi+e and en+ironmentally safe. elium7s inert :uality
o+er other lifting gases ma%es it +ery acceptable. $AR* !0%6 unit will re:uire slightly
o+er 2&,000 cubic feet of helium. The price of elium +aries from country to country. /t
is roughly C0.20 cents per cubic foot. 'ut the helium gas lea%s out at a rate of 0.51 permonth or 1 per year@ therefore the $AR* units will ha+e to be topped up with elium
e+ery 4 to months. The bladder is made up of Dectran fabric which has high strength,
low elongation properties. The bladder is e:uipped with a radar reflecti+e material that
will present an echo to surface radar operating in the &00 $ > to � $ > fre:uency
range. This is useful for AT9 Air Traffic 9ontroller to identify the $agenn wind rotor, if
6inds at higher le+els are significantly faster than low-le+el winds because they don7t
encounter as much resistance from obBects on the ground li%e trees and buildings. Research
shows that with each doubling of ele+ation, there is a !& percent increase in wind speed@ with
each doubling of wind speed there is an eightfold increase in wind power
& Cost:
The cost of the con+entional wind turbines is +ery high compared to airborne wind
turbines. This is due to the components li%e tower@ blades etc that con+entional wind turbines
need to produce power. 'ut in airborne wind turbines there is no need for tower as it floats in
the air and stiff blades are not necessary.
Also the installation cost of con+entional wind turbines is high as it needs large cranes to liftthe blades. 9onstructing and installing con+entional wind turbines is a maBor endea+or often
in+ol+ing foundation blasting and the transport of hea+y e:uipment. 'ut in the airborne wind
turbines the system needs to be inflated with helium and tethered to winch.
2 $ocation:
The con+entional wind turbines are dependent on the location, means they are dependent on
wind speed flowing through them. As they need perfect location or coastal areas to produceelectricity continuously. 'ut as we can see the fig the wind speed inc. with altitude hence the
airborne wind turbines can be placed anywhere.
The locations of the con+entional wind turbines are limited to the high wind blowing areas
only, hence it could not be placed near the power grid therefore the transmission line costs are
+ery high. 'ut in case of airborne wind turbines as it could be placed almost anywhere hence
it reduces the transmission line costs.
A(( 0o/ e*ing 0on3en*iona( wind genera*ors use b(aded *wo4di/ensiona( dis"4(i"e
s*ru0*ures and rigid *owers. T+e Magenn Power Air Ro*or s5s*e/ is a 0(osed *+ree4
di/ensiona( s*ru0*ure 605(inder&. I* o ers +ig+ *or7ue8 (ow s*ar*ing s eeds8 and su erior
o3era(( e i0ien05 *+an"s *o i*s abi(i*5 *o de (o5 +ig+er. T+e 0(osed s*ru0*ure a((ows
Magenn Power *o rodu0e wind ro*ors ro/ 3er5 s/a(( *o 3er5 (arge si9es a* a ra0*ion
(lectricity plays a +ery important role in our day to day life with out which our life becomesmiserable. There is a need to preser+e as well as de+elop it using freely a+ailable sources for
which wind energy is the best option.
6ind power has the potential to be a source of unlimited, clean, renewable energy of the
future. /f we use &01 of wind power to produce electric energy it will satisfy the times the