Air Resources Board Meeting May 24, 2007 San Diego, CA PROPRIETARY SOLAR HYDROGEN CO Solar Hydrogen Company La Mesa, CA 91941 Thomas W. Oakes, PhD [email protected].

Air Resources Board Meeting Air Resources Board Meeting

May 24, 2007May 24, 2007

San Diego, CASan Diego, CA

PROPRIETARY SOLAR HYDROGEN COPROPRIETARY SOLAR HYDROGEN CO

Solar Hydrogen Solar Hydrogen Company Company La Mesa, CA 91941La Mesa, CA 91941

Thomas W. Oakes, PhDThomas W. Oakes, PhD

[email protected]@cox.net

““Whoever Controls Energy Wins” Whoever Controls Energy Wins” ™™©©

Solar Hydrogen Co. 2007Solar Hydrogen Co. 2007

• RenewableRenewable and and

Sustainable EnergySustainable Energy

By Solar, Wind & Hydro ElectroBy Solar, Wind & Hydro Electro

With With No Fossil FuelNo Fossil Fuel Consumption Consumption

Bad News!Bad News!

The Federal Government is The Federal Government is pushing pushing Reforming Natural GasReforming Natural Gas as the source for as the source for

ElectricityElectricity And And HydrogenHydrogen

This promotes This promotes further dependencyfurther dependency to deep well drilling, to deep well drilling, the pipeline and the pipeline and Oil !Oil !

Not a Pollution SolutionNot a Pollution Solution

Good News: Solar Hydrogen Good News: Solar Hydrogen GenerationGeneration

A A breakthrough technologybreakthrough technology providing a providing a trulytruly renewablerenewable hydrogenhydrogen fuel source requiring fuel source requiring neither neither fossil fuelfossil fuel nor nor utility electricity – utility electricity – most most of which in California is made from natural gas. of which in California is made from natural gas.

• On-Site Hydrogen Generation at the business or residence. • On-Site Hydrogen Generation at the business or residence.

• On-Site bring up to car pressure by a device no bigger than an orange crate on wall of the garage.

• On-Site bring up to car pressure by a device no bigger than an orange crate on wall of the garage.

SolutionSolution

Renewable hydrogenRenewable hydrogen carbon-neutralcarbon-neutral power source power source

to feed to feed fuel cellsfuel cells, or other non polluting power sources, or other non polluting power sources such as Hydrogen fueled such as Hydrogen fueled Internal Combustion Engines Internal Combustion Engines

(ICE).(ICE).

““Direct Solar Direct Solar PhotoelectrochemicalPhotoelectrochemical

Hydrogen Generation”Hydrogen Generation”

Hydride Hydride StorageStorage

Fuel CellFuel Cell

Solar to WheelSolar to Wheel

Photoelectrochemical Photoelectrochemical HydrogenHydrogenPatent Pending: Thomas W. Oakes, Ph.D. 2004Patent Pending: Thomas W. Oakes, Ph.D. 2004

Optional Energy SourceSolar- Wind – Hydro

PROPRIETARY SOLAR HYDROGEN CO

H2 ExitH2 ExitO2 ExitO2 Exit

CathodeCathode

Electrolyte LevelElectrolyte Level

Solar

O2O2 H2H2

--AnodeAnode

++

Proton PassingMembrane

Proton PassingMembrane

Direct Photoelectrochemical

Reaction

Direct Photoelectrochemical

Reaction

Unique FeaturesUnique Features

• Expected efficiency of 12.4% or higherExpected efficiency of 12.4% or higher

• No separate traditional electric electrolyzerNo separate traditional electric electrolyzer

• Membrane separates HMembrane separates H22 from Oxygen from Oxygen

• Proprietary Solar Hydrogen CoProprietary Solar Hydrogen Co

Cost Comparisons for Cost Comparisons for Hydrogen byHydrogen by• Direct Photoelectrochemical (PEC)Direct Photoelectrochemical (PEC) on-site $2.08 per kg H on-site $2.08 per kg H22

On-Site modular Generation. EstimateOn-Site modular Generation. Estimate

• Autothermal ReformerAutothermal Reformer –Steam Service Station $4.86 per kg H –Steam Service Station $4.86 per kg H2 *2 *

• Electrolysis by Fossil FuelElectrolysis by Fossil Fuel Utility Electricity 4.36 per kg H Utility Electricity 4.36 per kg H22 **

Utility size Generators.Utility size Generators.

• Reform Natural GasReform Natural Gas Central Plant 25,000 kg/hr$1.58 per kg H Central Plant 25,000 kg/hr$1.58 per kg H2 2 **

Refineries costing $100 Million Dollars.Refineries costing $100 Million Dollars.

* * Energy Information Administration (EIA) 2001. EIA , a data source of DOE.Energy Information Administration (EIA) 2001. EIA , a data source of DOE.

Can Feed Into Energy Can Feed Into Energy CreditsCredits• • Environmentally attractive –Environmentally attractive – Virtually no pollution COVirtually no pollution CO22 or NO or NOXX

• • Incorporation and shift into Incorporation and shift into

Public Stock MarketsPublic Stock Markets

• • Market Forces Are Prime for GrowthMarket Forces Are Prime for Growth

Closing quotesClosing quotes

““19th century was the century of the steam engine. 19th century was the century of the steam engine. 20th century was the century of the internal 20th century was the century of the internal

combustion engine. combustion engine. 21st century is the century of hydrogen and the21st century is the century of hydrogen and the

fuel cell.”fuel cell.”

“ “ Whoever Controls Energy Wins !”Whoever Controls Energy Wins !” ™©™©

Thomas W. Oakes, PhDThomas W. Oakes, PhDSolar Hydrogen CompanySolar Hydrogen Company

La Mesa, CA 91941La Mesa, CA 91941619 670-6555619 670-6555

[email protected]@cox.netPROPRIETARY SOLAR HYDROGEN COPROPRIETARY SOLAR HYDROGEN CO