Copyright © 2020 AI in Structural Design AI in AEC 8/19/20 Filippo Ranalli, Eduardo Miranda 1 AI in AEC Colloquium AI in Structural Engineering Today Filippo Ranalli PhD Candidate [email protected] Eduardo Miranda Professor [email protected]
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Copyright © 2020
AI in Structural Design
AI in AEC 8/19/20 Filippo Ranalli, Eduardo Miranda1
AI in AEC ColloquiumAI in Structural Engineering Today
Filippo RanalliPhD Candidate
Eduardo MirandaProfessor
Copyright © 2020
AI in Structural Design
AI in AEC 8/19/20 Filippo Ranalli, Eduardo Miranda
➢ Introduction to AI and Optimization in Structural Engineering 10 min
➢ AI Methods in Industry Today: Topology Optimization 15 min
➢ AI Methods in Structural Design Research: Design Automation 15 min
➢ The Future of AI in Structural Design: Crane Automation 15 min
➢ Q&A 5 min
2
Overview: AI in Engineering Design
Copyright © 2020
AI in Structural Design
AI in AEC 8/19/20 Filippo Ranalli, Eduardo Miranda
isarq.com/index.php/2019/08/06/artificial-intelligence/3
Intro: AI in Engineering Design
www.architectmagazine.com
A framework which automates and
optimizes a repetitive design task
traditionally performed by hand,
through computer implementation.
A design software which generates
an optimal solution which may not
be computed using traditional
calculation methodologies.
Copyright © 2020
AI in Structural Design
AI in AEC 8/19/20 Filippo Ranalli, Eduardo Miranda4
Intro: What is AI?
Stanford CS 221 notes
youtu.be/pgaEE27nsQwstaff.utia.cas.cz/vomlel
en.wikipedia.org
Copyright © 2020
AI in Structural Design
AI in AEC 8/19/20 Filippo Ranalli, Eduardo Miranda5
Intro: What is Optimization?
ocw.mit.edu/
Initialize design x0
Evaluate objective f(x)
and constraints g(x), h(x)
Try new design x
f(x) may not improve
further and constraints
are met
Copyright © 2020
AI in Structural Design
AI in AEC 8/19/20 Filippo Ranalli, Eduardo Miranda
The Objective – f(x)
- Minimize total installed cost
The Design Task – x
- Member shapes
- Member sizes
- Connection detailing
The Constraints – g(x), h(x)
- Architectural
• Aesthetics
• Program
- Functionality
- Structural
• Strength
• Stiffness
• Constructability
• Ductility
6
Intro: The Structural Design Problem
Building Structure
BIM: Architectural Starting Point
www.goldbeck.de
www.goldbeck.de
youtu.be/pgaEE27nsQw
Copyright © 2020
AI in Structural Design
AI in AEC 8/19/20 Filippo Ranalli, Eduardo Miranda
7
Intro: Structural Engineering in Current Practice
- Cost
- Weight
- Stiffness
- Serviceability
Copyright © 2020
AI in Structural Design
AI in AEC 8/19/20 Filippo Ranalli, Eduardo Miranda8
Intro: Structural Engineering in Current Practice
❑ Complex multivariate domain is
difficult to sample manually.
❑ Issues with constructability are
hard to detect.❑ Incorrect cost estimation to drive
the design, or lack thereof.
www.aisc.orgHighly-dimensional
Highly-constrained
Non-convex
mc.ai/
Copyright © 2020
AI in Structural Design
AI in AEC 8/19/20 Filippo Ranalli, Eduardo Miranda
Construction
Planning
9
Architecture Structural Design
www.alicetechnologies.com/www.tekla.com/uswww.revit.news/
Intro: Structural Engineering in Current Practice
Copyright © 2020
AI in Structural Design
AI in AEC 8/19/20 Filippo Ranalli, Eduardo Miranda10
AI Methods in Industry Today: Topology Optimization
youtu.be/0_VBPhoLRwIAmeba Topology Optimization Software Based on Evolutionary Algorithm in Grasshopper
Copyright © 2020
AI in Structural Design
AI in AEC 8/19/20 Filippo Ranalli, Eduardo Miranda
AI Methods in Industry Today: Topology Optimization
CHICAGO 800 WEST FULTON MARKET 2021
www.som.com en.wikipedia.org www.archdaily.com
BEIJING INTERNATIONAL PLAZA 2016
www.som.com
11
SHENZHEN CITIC FINANCIAL CENTER 2019
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AI in Structural Design
AI in AEC 8/19/20 Filippo Ranalli, Eduardo Miranda12
AI Methods in Industry Today: Topology Optimization
www.3ds.com
Aage, Andreassen, Lazarov, Sigmund, Nature, 2017ce.gatech.eduShelly Zhang, GA Tech PhD: youtu.be/3_pSWvqK0G0
Copyright © 2020
AI in Structural Design
AI in AEC 8/19/20 Filippo Ranalli, Eduardo Miranda
AI Methods in Industry Today: Topology Optimization
H. Chi, A. Pereira, I. Menezes, G H. Paulino 2019
Objective: minimize volume, maximize stiffness
Constraints: boundary and material
Variables: binary removal of finite elements
caendkoelsch.wordpress.com 11
Copyright © 2020
AI in Structural Design
AI in AEC 8/19/20 Filippo Ranalli, Eduardo Miranda
AI Methods in Industry Today: Topology Optimization
11
A. Martin, G. Deierlein, Topology Optimization of Rocking Braced Frames for Nonlinear Earthquake Response
Concrete shear wallConcrete additive manufacturing
www.iaacblog.com/
M
M
Copyright © 2020
AI in Structural Design
AI in AEC 8/19/20 Filippo Ranalli, Eduardo Miranda
isarq.com/index.php/2019/08/06/artificial-intelligence/15
AI Methods in Industry Today: Topology Optimization
www.architectmagazine.com
What are the practical limitations of this technology today?
Copyright © 2020
AI in Structural Design
AI in AEC 8/19/20 Filippo Ranalli, Eduardo Miranda16
Member Sizing
❑ Strength
❑ Stiffness
Connection Detailing
❑ Strength
AI Methods in Structural Design Research
http://www.seismicresilience.org.nz/
docplayer.net/
www.trimble.com/
www.goldbeck.de
Copyright © 2020
AI in Structural Design
AI in AEC 8/19/20 Filippo Ranalli, Eduardo Miranda17
Fabrication Cost
❑ Equipment at shop
❑ Labor at shop
Erection Cost
❑ Equipment at site
❑ Labor at siteMaterial Cost
www.linkedin.com/learning/
rockymountainsteel.com/abmetalfabrication.com/
vasteelerectors.com/
AI Methods in Structural Design Research
www.goldbeck.de
Copyright © 2020
AI in Structural Design
AI in AEC 8/19/20 Filippo Ranalli, Eduardo Miranda18
AI Methods in Structural Design Research
Copyright © 2020
AI in Structural Design
AI in AEC 8/19/20 Filippo Ranalli, Eduardo Miranda19Floor Plan
Lateral System
(beams, columns, braces)
AI Methods in Structural Design Research
Connections
Composite Gravity System
(beams, girders, columns, slab)www.strongtie.com
AISC 360
Copyright © 2020
AI in Structural Design
AI in AEC 8/19/20 Filippo Ranalli, Eduardo Miranda
Composite Gravity System
20
Design Variables: Beam section, studs, camber, deck geometry, concrete type
Constraints: Vertical deflection, beam strength, vibration
Decision Parameter: Cost, weight, schedule, constructability
Approach: Dynamic programming
AI Methods in Structural Design Research
AISC 360
Copyright © 2020
AI in Structural Design
AI in AEC 8/19/20 Filippo Ranalli, Eduardo Miranda
Lateral System
21
Design Variables: Beam and column sections, composite action
Constraints: Lateral building drifts, beam/column strength
Decision Parameter: Cost, constructability, schedule, ductility
Approach: Heuristic energy-based algorithm
AI Methods in Structural Design Research
FM
Ductility Constructability Scenario exploration
www.indiamart.com
Copyright © 2020
AI in Structural Design
AI in AEC 8/19/20 Filippo Ranalli, Eduardo Miranda22
Design Variables: Bolts, welds, plate, cope
Constraints: Connection ultimate strength
Decision Parameter: Cost, constructability
Approach: Non-linear solver
AI Methods in Structural Design Research
Connections
eng.ccs.gr/
en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Python
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AI in Structural Design
AI in AEC 8/19/20 Filippo Ranalli, Eduardo Miranda
23
Copyright © 2020
AI in Structural Design
AI in AEC 8/19/20 Filippo Ranalli, Eduardo Miranda
24
Metrics Baseline Design Optimization Difference
Total Weight of Steel [tons] 803.6 702.4 -13%
Shear Studs 17946 7524 -58%
Cambered Elements 362 211 -42%
Total Cost [$] 2,732,276 2,365,806 -13%
Design Time Weeks < 1 hour
Non-Composite Gravity
Composite Gravity
Moment Frame
AI Methods in Structural Design Research
Copyright © 2020
AI in Structural Design
AI in AEC 8/19/20 Filippo Ranalli, Eduardo Miranda25
AI Methods in Structural Design Research
medium.com www.cnbc.com
heritagecarinsurance.co.uk www.pinterest.com www.cars.com
Innovative Prototype Early Adopter Widespread Adopter
www.som.com
Copyright © 2020
AI in Structural Design
AI in AEC 8/19/20 Filippo Ranalli, Eduardo Miranda
isarq.com/index.php/2019/08/06/artificial-intelligence/26
AI Methods in Industry Today: Topology Optimization
www.architectmagazine.com
What is the expected impact of this research on industry?
Copyright © 2020
AI in Structural Design
AI in AEC 8/19/20 Filippo Ranalli, Eduardo Miranda
AI in Structures: Looking Ahead
27
Copyright © 2020
AI in Structural Design
AI in AEC 8/19/20 Filippo Ranalli, Eduardo Miranda
AI in Structures: Looking Ahead
Collision detecting
Scheduling
Crane coordination
Path planning
Real-time information
Cable dynamics
CIFE’s iCrane
28
Copyright © 2020
AI in Structural Design
AI in AEC 8/19/20 Filippo Ranalli, Eduardo Miranda
Refining a Path
AI in Structures: Looking Ahead
29
Copyright © 2020
AI in Structural Design
AI in AEC 8/19/20 Filippo Ranalli, Eduardo Miranda
Physics-based simulation and animation
AI in Structures: Looking Ahead
30
Copyright © 2020
AI in Structural Design
AI in AEC 8/19/20 Filippo Ranalli, Eduardo Miranda
Motion planning and simulation for multiple cranes
AI in Structures: Looking Ahead
31
Copyright © 2020
AI in Structural Design
AI in AEC 8/19/20 Filippo Ranalli, Eduardo Miranda
Motion planning and simulation for multiple cranes
AI in Structures: Looking Ahead
32
Copyright © 2020
AI in Structural Design
AI in AEC 8/19/20 Filippo Ranalli, Eduardo Miranda
Probably this will require modifications to how we connect elements
AI in Structures: Looking Ahead
33
Copyright © 2020
AI in Structural Design
AI in AEC 8/19/20 Filippo Ranalli, Eduardo Miranda
AI in Structures: Looking Ahead
34
Copyright © 2020
AI in Structural Design
AI in AEC 8/19/20 Filippo Ranalli, Eduardo Miranda
isarq.com/index.php/2019/08/06/artificial-intelligence/35
AI Methods in Industry Today: Topology Optimization
www.architectmagazine.com
What are the challenges that lie ahead?
Copyright © 2020
AI in Structural Design
AI in AEC 8/19/20 Filippo Ranalli, Eduardo Miranda
Thank you
Questions?
Email:
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