Aguirre vs Doj Gr 170723

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THIRD DIVISION

GLORIA PILAR S. AGUIRRE,

Petitioner,

- versus -

SECRETARY OF THE

DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE,

MICHELINA S. AGUIRRE-

OLONDRIZ, PEDRO B.AGUIRRE, DR. JUVIDO

AGATEP and DR. MARISSA B.

PASCUAL,

Respondents.

G. R. No. 1!"#

Present:

YNARES-SANTIAGO,

Chairperson,

AUSTRIA-MARTINEZ,

CORONA,

C!ICO-NAZARIO, and

REYES,JJ.

Pro"#$%ated:

Mar&h ', ())*

+ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - +

D E C I S I O N

CHICO-NAZARIO,J.$

In this petition or reie on certiorari/01#nder R#$e 23 o the R#$es o

Co#rt, as a"ended, petitioner G$oria Pi$ar S. A%#irre 4G$oria A%#irre5 see6s

the reersa$ o the (0 7#$8 ())3Decision/(1and 3 9e&e"er ())3Resolution,/'1oth o the Co#rt o Appea$s in CA-G.R. SP No. **';), entit$ed

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reso$#tions dated 00 >er#ar8 ())2/21and 0( Noe"er ())2,/31respe&tie$8, hi&h

in t#rn air"ed the * 7an#ar8 ())' Reso$#tion/?1o the Oi&e o the Cit8

Prosetor 4OCP5 o @#eon Cit8.

The Assistant Cit8 Prosetor or the OCP o @#eon Cit8 re&o""ended thedis"issa$ o the &ri"ina$ &o"p$aint, do&6eted as I.S. No. )(-0(2??, or io$ation o

Arti&$es 0;( 4>a$sii&ation 8 Priate Indiid#a$s and Use o >a$siied 9o"ents5

and (?( 4M#ti$ation5, oth o the Reised Pena$ Code, in re$ation to Rep#$i& A&t

No. ;?0), otherise 6non as

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ph8si&a$ %roth did not appear nor"a$ in that

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Darr8 as adopted at a%e ' ro" an orphana%e and prenata$ histor8 is not

6non to the adoptie a"i$8 e+&ept that aortion as atte"pted. 9ee$op"enta$

"i$estones ere noted to e de$a8ed. !e started to a$6 and spea6 in sin%$e ordat aro#nd a%e 3. !e as enro$$ed in Co$e%io de San A%#stin at a%e ? here he

shoed si%nii&ant $earnin% dii$ties that he had to repeat 0stand 2th%rades. A

&ons#$t as done in 0* hen he as 00 8ears o$d. Ne#ro$o%i&a$ indin%s andEEG res#$ts ere not nor"a$ and he as %ien Te&reto$ and En&ephao$ 8 his

ne#ro$o%ist. Ps8&ho$o%i&a$ ea$#ation reea$ed "i$d to "oderate "enta$

retardation, spe&ia$ ed#&ation trainin% as adised and th#s, he as transerred toSt. 7ohn Marie ianne8. !e inished his e$e"entar8 and se&ondar8 ed#&ation in

the said s&hoo$. !e as $ater enro$$ed in a o&ationa$ &o#rse at 9on Bos&o hi&h

he as #na$e to &ontin#e. There has een no reported ehaiora$ pro$e"s in

s&hoo$ and he %ets a$on% re$atie$8 e$$ ith his tea&hers and so"e o his&$ass"ates.

Darr8 %re #p ith a er8 s#pportie adoptie a"i$8. !e is the 8o#n%est

in the a"i$8 o o#r sisters. C#rrent$8, his adoptie parents are a$read8 o$d andhae "edi&a$ pro$e" and th#s, the8 &o#$d no $on%er "onitor and ta6e &are o

hi" $i6e eore. !is adoptie "other has Bipo$ar Mood 9isorder and #sed toph8si&a$$8 "a$treat hi". A 8ear a%o, he had an episode o diiness, o"itin% and

heada&hes ater he as hit 8 his adoptie "other. Cons#$t as done

in Ma6ati Medi&a$ Center and seera$ tests ere done, res#$ts o hi&h ere&onsistent ith his dee$op"enta$ pro$e". There as no eiden&e o ate

ins#$ts. The a"i$8 s#seL#ent$8 de&ided that he sho#$d sta8 ith one o his

sisters to aoid si"i$ar in&ident and the possii$it8 that he o#$d reta$iate a$tho#%h

he has neer h#rt an8od8. There has een no episode o io$ent o#t#rst ora%%ressie ehaior. !e o#$d oten 6eep to hi"se$ hen sad, an%r8 or

r#strated.

!e is rrent$8 e"p$o8ed in the &o"pan8 o his sister and %ien

assi%n"ent to do so"e photo&op8in%, #s#a$$8 in the "ornin%s. !e enJo8s p$a8in%

i$$iards and as6eta$$ ith his nephes and, he spends "ost o his $eis#re ti"eat&hin% T and $istenin% to "#si&. !e &o#$d peror" a&tiities o dai$8 $iin%

itho#t assistan&e e+&ept that he sti$$ needs s#perision in ta6in% a ath. !e

&annot prepare his on "ea$ and neer a$$oed to %o o#t and r#n errands

a$one. !e does not hae riends and it is on$8 his adoptie a"i$8 ho" he hassi%nii&ant re$ationships. !e &$ai"s that he on&e had a %ir$riend hen he as in

hi%h s&hoo$ ho as "ore $i6e a est riend to hi". !e neer had se+#a$

re$ations. !e has $earned to s"o6e and drin6 a$&oho$ e 8ears a%o thro#%h his&o#sins and the driers. There is no histor8 o a#se o a$&oho$ or an8 prohiited

s#stan&es.

ME9ICAD STATUS EAMINATION

The app$i&ant as appropriate$8 dressed. !e as &ooperatie and he had

inter"ittent e8e &onta&t. Spee&h as spontaneo#s, sot, and re$eant. !e

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responded to L#estions in sin%$e ords or si"p$e senten&es. !e as an+io#s

spe&ia$$8 at the start o the interie, ith #$$ ae&t appropriate to "ood and

tho#%ht &ontent. There as no apparent tho#%ht or per&ept#a$ dist#ran&e. Nos#i&ida$ho"i&ida$ tho#%hts e$i&ited. !e as oriented to ti"e, p$a&e and

person. !e has inta&t re"ote and re&ent "e"or8. !e &o#$d do si"p$e

&a$$ation. !e &o#$d rite his na"e and read si"p$e ords. !is h#"an i%#reas &o"para$e to a ;-* 8ear o$d. !e de"onstrated air J#d%"ent and poor

insi%ht. !e had air i"p#$se &ontro$.

PSYC!ODOGICAD TESTS

Ps8&ho$o%i&a$ tests done on Mar&h ?, 0) 49r. Do#rdes Dedes"a5 and

on A#%#st 2, ())) 49r. Ma. Teresa G#sti$o-i$$aosor5 &onsistent$8 reea$ed "i$dto "oderate "enta$ dei&ien&8.

SIGNI>ICANT DABORATORY EAMS RESUDTS

CT s&an done ) 7an#ar8 ())0 shoed nonspe&ii& ri%ht deep parieta$

s#&orti&a$ "a$a&ia. No $o&a$ied "ass $esion in the rain.

MRI done on 0) 7an#ar8 ())0 shoed i$atera$ parieta$ + + + o$#"e $oss,

en&epha$o"a$a&ia, %$iosis and #$e%8ria &onsistent ith seL#e$a o postnata$ orneonata$ inar&ts. E+-ao di$atation o the atria o $atera$ entri&$es asso&iated

thinned posterior ha$ o the &orp#s &a$$os#".

ASSESSMENT AN9 RECOMMEN9ATION

A+is I None

A+is II Menta$ Retardation, "i$d to "oderate t8peA+is III None

A+is I None at present

A+is C#rrent GA> 3)-?)

Darr8s "enta$ dei&ien&8 &o#$d e asso&iated ith possi$e perinata$

ins#$ts, hi&h is &onsistent ith the ne#roi"a%in% indin%s. Menta$ retardation

asso&iated ith ne#ro$o%i&a$ pro$e"s #s#a$$8 has poorer pro%nosis. Darr8 is er8"#&h dependent on his a"i$8 or his needs, adaptie #n&tionin%, dire&tion and in

"a6in% "aJor $ie de&isions. At his &apa&it8, he "a8 neer #nderstand the nat#re,

the oreseea$e ris6s and eneits, and &onseL#en&es o the pro&ed#re 4ase&to"85that his a"i$8 ants or his prote&tion. Th#s, the responsii$it8 o de&ision

"a6in% "a8 e %ien to his parent or %#ardian.

Marissa B. Pasa$, M.9.

Ps8&hiatrist/0(1

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Considerin% the aoe re&o""endation, respondent Pedro A%#irres ritten

&onsent as dee"ed s#i&ient in order to pro&eed ith the &ond#&t o the

ase&to"8. !en&e, on '0 7an#ar8 ())(, respondent 9r. A%atep peror"ed a

i$atera$ ase&to"8 on Darr8.

On 00 7#ne ())(, petitioner G$oria A%#irre, respondent Pedro A%#irres

e$dest &hi$d, instit#ted a &ri"ina$ &o"p$aint or the io$ation o the Reised Pena$

Code, parti$ar$8 Arti&$es 0;( and (?(, oth in re$ation to Rep#$i& A&t No. ;?0)

a%ainst respondents Pedro A%#irre, O$ondri, 9r. A%atep, 9r. Pasa$ and seera$

7ohn7ane 9oes eore the Oi&e o the Cit8 Prosetor o @#eon Cit8.

The Co"p$aint Aidait,/0'1do&6eted as I.S. No. )(-0(2??, &ontained the

o$$oin% a$$e%ations:(. + + + 9r. A%atep and 9ra. Pasa$ ere 4si&5 "edi&a$ pra&titioners

spe&ia$iin% in #ro$o%8 and ps8&hiatr8 respe&tie$8H hi$e respondent Pedro B.

A%#irre is "8 atherH Mi&he$ina S. A%#irre-O$ondri is "8 sister, and the i&ti"Da#reano

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thereater #nder s#r%er8 or MUTIDATION IA

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+ + + +

0). Neither does the Co"p$aint e+p$ain in hat "anner theCo"p$ainant is a#thoried or has an8 standin% to de&$are that

Darr8s &onsent as not otained. Co"p$ainant is not the %#ardian

or re$atie o Darr8. Fhi$e she ar%#es that Darr8s &onsent sho#$dhae een otained the Co"p$aint does not disp#te the

ps8&hiatrists indin%s ao#t Darr8s inai$it8 to %ie &onsent.

+ + + +

0'. + + + the Co"p$aint does not een state hat a$$e%ed parti&ipation

as a$siied or the portion o the ps8&hiatri& report that a$$e%ed$8states that so"eone parti&ipated hen in a&t that person did not so

parti&ipate.

+ + + +

03. A%ain, I had no parti&ipation in the preparation o the report o 9r.Pasa$ + + +.

+ + + +

0;. + + + the Co"p$aint does not disp#te that he 4Darr85 is "enta$$8

dei&ient or in&o"petent to %ie &onsent.

+ + + +

0. + + + I eriied that the ee&t o a ase&to"8 operation ase+p$ained to hi" 4Darr85 8 oth respondent do&tors.

(). + + + I a&&o"panied Darr8 and oe8ed "8 ather on the e$ie that"8 ather &ontin#es to e the $e%a$ %#ardian o Darr8. I 6no o no

one e$se ho asserts to e his $e%a$ %#ardian + + +./031

A$$e%in% the sa"e state"ent o a&ts and deenses, respondent Pedro A%#irre

ar%#es a%ainst his &o"p$i&it8 in the &ri"e o "#ti$ation as &har%ed and asserts that:

3. In an8 &ase, as I did not peror" the ase&to"8, I &an state ith &o"p$ete

&oniden&e that I did not parti&ipate in an8 a8 in the a$$e%ed "#ti$ation./0?1

Neerthe$ess, he "aintains that the ase&to"8 peror"ed on Darr8 does not in an8

a8 a"o#nt to "#ti$ation, as the $atters reprod#&tie or%an is sti$$ &o"p$ete$8

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inta&t./0;1 In an8 &ase, respondent Pedro A%#irre e+p$ains that the pro&ed#re

peror"ed is reersi$e thro#%h another pro&ed#re &a$$ed asoasosto"8, to it:

*. I #nderstand that ase&to"8 is reversi$le thro#%h a pro&ed#re &a$$ed

asoasosto"8. I &an a$so state ith &oniden&e that the pro&ed#reena$es "en ho hae #nder%one a ase&to"8 to sire a &hi$d. !en&e,nopermanent da"a%e as &a#sed 8 the pro&ed#re.

Respondent Pedro A%#irre &ha$$en%es the &har%e o a$sii&ation in the

&o"p$aint, to it:

02. + + + I did not "a6e it appear that an8 person parti&ipated in an8 a&t or

pro&eedin% hen that person did not in a&t parti&ipate + + +.

+ + + +

0?. + + + I had no parti&ipation in the preparation o the report o 9ra. Pasa$.She arried at her report independent$8, #sin% her on proessiona$

J#d%"ent + + +.

+ + + +

'0. Fhat I &annot #nderstand ao#t Petitas Co"p$aint is ho Darr8 is ar%#ed

to e $e%a$$8 a &hi$d #nder the deinition o one $a #t nonethe$ess andsi"#$taneo#s$8 ar%#ed to e &apa&itated to %ie his &onsent as #$$8 as an

ad#$t./0*1

Respondent Pedro A%#irre #rther &$ariies that &o-%#ardianship oer Darr8

had een %ranted to hi"se$ and his ie, Do#rdes A%#irre, a8 a&6 on 0 7#ne

0*? 8 the Re%iona$ Tria$ Co#rt, Bran&h ' o Ba$an%a, Bataan. Respondent Pedro

A%#irre &ontends that ein% one o the $e%a$ %#ardians, &onseL#ent$8, parenta$

a#thorit8 oer Darr8 is ested in hi". B#t ass#"in% or the sa6e o ar%#"ent that

Darr8 does hae the &apa&it8 to "a6e the de&ision &on&ernin% his ase&to"8,

respondent Pedro A%#irre ar%#es that petitioner G$oria A%#irre has no $e%a$

persona$it8 to instit#te the s#Je&t &ri"ina$ &o"p$aint, or on$8 Darr8 o#$d hae

the ri%ht to do so.

7#st as the to pre&edin% respondents did, respondent 9r. A%atep a$so

disp#ted the a$$e%ations o a&ts stated in the Co"p$aint. Adoptin% the a$$e%ations

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o his &o-respondents insoar as the8 ere "ateria$ to the &har%es a%ainst hi", he

ehe"ent$8 denied ai$in% to inor" Darr8 o the intended pro&ed#re. In his

&o#nter-state"ent o a&ts he aerred that:

45 + + + I s&hed#$ed Darr8 or &ons#$tatie interie + + + herein Ipainsta6in%$8 e+p$ained hat ase&to"8 is and the &onseL#en&es thereoH #t

indin% si%ns o "enta$ dei&ien&8, + + + I adised his re$aties and his n#rse ho

a&&o"panied hi" to hae Darr8 e+a"ined 8 a ps8&hiatrist ho &o#$d proper$8

deter"ine hether or not Darr8 + + + &an rea$$8 %ie his &onsent, th#s I reL#iredthe" to sere irst a ps8&hiatri& ea$#ation and &$earan&e prior to the

&onte"p$ated pro&ed#re.

4&5 On 7an#ar8 (0, ())(, I as #rnished a &op8 o a ps8&hiatri&

report prepared 8 9r. Marissa Pasa$ + + +. In her said report, 9r. Pasa$ o#nd

Darr8 to s#er ro"

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Ps8&hiatr8 Report, dated 7an#ar8 (0, ())(, in re$ation ith her ie$d o proession,

an e+pert opinion. I do not hae an8 parti&ipation in the preparation o said

report, + + + neither did I #ti$ied 4si&5 the sa"e in an8 pro&eedin%s to the da"a%eto another. + + + I a$so den8 #sin% a a$siied do"ent + + +.

4&5 M#ti$ation. + + + ase&to"8 does not in an8a8 eL#ate to &astrationand hat is to#&hed in ase&to"8 is not &onsidered an or%an in the &onte+t o $a

and "edi&ine, it is L#ite re"ote ro" the penis + + +.

4d5 Chi$d A#se. + + + the &o"p$aint-aidait is er8 a%#e in spe&i8in%

the app$i&ai$it8 o said $a. It "ere$8 aers that Da#reano

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the oended part8, pea&e oi&er or other p#$i& oi&er &har%ed ith the

enor&e"ent o the $a io$ated + + +./(01

The Assistant Cit8 Prosetor he$d that the &ir"stan&es attendant to the

&ase did not a"o#nt to the &ri"e o a$sii&ation. !e he$d that /T1he &$ai" o the &o"p$ainant that the Ps8&hiatri& Report as a$siied, e&a#se

&onsent as not %ien 8 Darr8 A%#irre to the ase&to"8 andor he as not&ons#$ted on said operation does not &onstit#te a$sii&ation. It o#$d hae een

dierent i it as stated in the report that &onsent as otained ro" Darr8

A%#irre or that it as ritten therein that he as &ons#$ted on the ase&to"8,e&a#se that o#$d "ean that it as "ade to appear in the report that Darr8

A%#irre parti&ipated in the a&t or pro&eedin% 8 %iin% his &onsent or as

&ons#$ted on the "atter hen in tr#th and in a&t, he did not parti&ipate. Or i not,the entr8 o#$d hae een an #ntr#th#$ state"ent. B#t that is not the &ase.

Pre&ise$8 4si&5 the report as "ade to deter"ine hether Darr8 A%#irre &o#$d %ie

his &onsent to his intended ase&to"8. Be that as it "a8, the "atter o Darr8s

&onsent hain% otained or not "a8 nor e an iss#e ater a$$, e&a#se&o"p$ainants 4si&5 herse$ a$$e%ed that Darr8s "enta$ &ondition is that o a &hi$d,

ho &an not %ie &onsent. Based on the ore%oin% &onsideration, no a$sii&ation

&an e esta$ished #nder the &ir"stan&es. /((1

Een the state"ent in the Ps8&hiatri& Report o respondent 9r. Pasa$ that

Do#rdes A%#irre had Bipo$ar Mood 9isorder &annot e &onsidered a$sii&ation

sin&e

The report did not state that Do#rdes A%#irre as in a&t persona$$8 interieed

8 respondent 9r. Pasa$ and that the $atter &on&$#ded that Do#rdes A%#irre has

Bipo$ar Mood 9isorder. The report "ere$8 L#oted other so#r&es o inor"ationith respe&t to the &ondition o Do#rdes A%#irre, in the sa"e "anner that the a&t

that Do#rdes A%#irre as ph8si&a$$8 a#sin% Darr8 A%#irre as a$so not o 9ra.

Pasa$ persona$ 6no$ed%e. B#t the a&t that 9ra. Pasa$ &ited indin%, hi&h is

not o her on persona$ 6no$ed%e in her report does not "ean that she&o""itted a$sii&ation in the pro&ess. !er so#r&es "a8 e ron% and "a8 ae&t

the era&it8 o her report, #t or as $on% as she has not a$$e%ed therein that shepersona$$8 dia%nosed Do#rdes A%#irre, hi&h a$$e%ation o#$d not then e tr#e,she &annot e &har%ed o a$sii&ation. Thereore, it %oes itho#t sa8in% that i the

a#thor o the report is not %#i$t8, then ith "ore reason the other respondents are

not $ia$e./('1

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Respe&tin% the &har%e o "#ti$ation, the Assistant Cit8 Prosetor a$so he$d

that the a&ts a$$e%ed did not a"o#nt to the &ri"e o "#ti$ation as deined and

pena$ied #nder Arti&$e (?( o the Reised Pena$ Code, i.e.,

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Petitioner G$oria A%#irres Motion or Re&onsideration as $i6eise denied

ith ina$it8 8 the 9O7 in another Reso$#tion dated 0( Noe"er ())2.

Reso$#te in her e$ie, petitioner G$oria A%#irre ent to the Co#rt o Appea$s

8 "eans o a Petition or #ertiorari,Prohiition andManamus#nder R#$e ?3 othe R#$es o Co#rt, as a"ended.

On (0 7#$8 ())3, the Co#rt o Appea$s pro"#$%ated its 9e&ision dis"issin%

petitioner G$oria A%#irres re&o#rse or $a&6 o "erit.

Thefalloo the assai$ed de&ision reads:

F!ERE>ORE, pre"ises &onsidered, the present petition is here89ENIE9 9UE COURSE and a&&ordin%$8 9ISMISSE9 or $a&6 o "erit.

ConseL#ent$8, the assai$ed Reso$#tions dated >er#ar8 00, ())2 and Noe"er0(, ())2 o the Se&retar8 o 7#sti&e in I.S. No. )(-0(2?? are here8 A>>IRME9./')1

Petitioner G$oria A%#irres "otion or re&onsideration proed #ti$e as it as

denied 8 the appe$$ate &o#rt in a Reso$#tion dated 3 9e&e"er ())3.

!en&e, the present petition i$ed #nder R#$e 23 o the R#$es o Co#rt, as

a"ended, pre"ised on the o$$oin% ar%#"ents:

I.

T!E COURT O> APPEADS COMMITTE9 SERIOUS, GRAE AN9

REERSIBDE ERRORS O> DAF F!EN IT CONCDU9E9, BASE9PURPORTE9DY ON T!E INTERNET F!IC! RUNS AMUCQ FIT! OUR

SYSTEM O> T!E RUDE O> DAF AN9 T!E EI9ENCE ON RECOR9,

T!AT BIDATERAD ASECTOMY IS PURPORTE9DY 0)) REERSIBDEBY A >UTURE ME9ICAD PROCE9URE !ENCE NOT AMOUNTING TO

MUTIDATION, H AN9

+ + + +

II.

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FORSE, T!E COURT O> APPEADS COMMITTE9 GRAE, SERIOUS AN9

REERSIBDE ERRORS O> DAF F!EN IT RE>USE9 TO 9IRECT T!E

IN9ICTMENT O> T!E PRIATE RESPON9ENTS >OR MUTIDATION AN9>ADSI>ICATION 9ESPITE T!E EISTENCE O> SU>>ICIENT PROBABDE

CAUSE T!ERE>OR .[31]

The ore%oin% iss#es notithstandin%, the "ore proper iss#e or this Co#rts

&onsideration is, %ien the a&ts o the &ase, hether or not the Co#rt o Appea$s

erred in r#$in% that the 9O7 did not &o""it %rae a#se o dis&retion a"o#ntin% to

$a&6 or e+&ess o J#risdi&tion hen the $atter air"ed the p#$i& prosetors

indin% o $a&6 o proa$e &a#se or respondents Pedro A%#irre, O$ondri, 9r.

A%atep and 9r. Pasa$ to stand tria$ or the &ri"ina$ &o"p$aints o a$sii&ation

and "#ti$ation in re$ation to Rep#$i& A&t No. ;?0).

In r#$in% that the 9O7 did not &o""it %rae a#se o dis&retion a"o#ntin%

to $a&6 or e+&ess o J#risdi&tion, the Co#rt o Appea$s e+p$ained that:

Eident$8, the &ontroers8 $ies in the per"anen&8 o steri$iation as a

res#$t o a ase&to"8 operation, and the &han&es o restorin% erti$it8 ith a

reersa$ s#r%er8 + + +.

Fe s#stain the 9O7 in r#$in% that the i$atera$ ase&to"8 peror"ed on

Darr8 does not &onstit#te "#ti$ation een i intentiona$$8 and p#rpose$8 done to

preent hi" ro" sirin% a &hi$d.

+ + + +

Steri$iation is to e distin%#ished ro" &astration: in the $atter a&t the

reprod#&tie &apa&it8 is per"anent$8 re"oed or da"a%ed./'(1

It then &on&$#ded that:

The "atter o $e%a$ $iai$it8, other than &ri"ina$, hi&h priate

respondents "a8 hae inrred or the a$$e%ed asen&e o a a$id &onsent to the

ase&to"8 peror"ed on Darr8, is &ertain$8 e8ond the proin&e o this &ertiorari

petition. O#t tas6 is &onined to the iss#e o hether or not the Se&retar8 o7#sti&e and the Oi&e o the Cit8 Prosetor o @#eon Cit8 &o""itted %rae

a#se o dis&retion in their deter"inin% the e+isten&e or asen&e o proa$e &a#se

or i$in% &ri"ina$ &ases orfalsification and mutilation #nder Arti&$es 0;( 4(5 and(?( o the Reised Pena$ Code./''1

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Petitioner G$oria A%#irre, hoeer, &ontends that the Co#rt o Appea$s and

the 9O7 ai$ed to appre&iate seera$ i"portant a&ts: 05 that i$atera$ ase&to"8

&ond#&ted on petitioners rother, Darr8 A%#irre, as ad"itted

/'21

H (5 that thepro&ed#re &a#sed the perpet#a$ destr#&tion o Darr8s reprod#&tie or%ans o

%eneration or &on&eptionH/'31'5 that the i$atera$ ase&to"8 as intentiona$ and

de$ierate to deprie Darr8 oreer o his reprod#&tie or%an and his &apa&it8 to

pro&reateH and 25 that respondents,

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does not ino$e &astration or a"p#tation o an or%an ne&essar8 or reprod#&tion as

the tin e$e"ents o the &ri"e o "#ti$ation + + + are asent=/'1H and (5

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&o"p$ained o &onstit#tes the oense &har%ed. A indin% o proa$e &a#se "ere$8

inds oer the s#spe&t to stand tria$. It is not a prono#n&e"ent o %#i$t./2?1

The e+etie depart"ent o the %oern"ent is a&&o#nta$e or the

prosetion o &ri"es, its prin&ipa$ o$i%ation ein% the aith#$ e+etion o the$as o the $and. A ne&essar8 &o"ponent o the poer to e+ete the $as is the

ri%ht to prosete their io$ators,/2;1the responsii$it8 o hi&h is thr#st #pon the

9O7. !en&e, the deter"ination o hether or not proa$e &a#se e+ists to arrant

the prosetion in &o#rt o an a&sed is &onsi%ned and entr#sted to the 9O7. And

8 the nat#re o his oi&e, a p#$i& prosetor is #nder no &o"p#$sion to i$e a

parti$ar &ri"ina$ inor"ation here he is not &onin&ed that he has eiden&e to

prop #p the aer"ents thereo, or that the eiden&e at hand points to a dierent

&on&$#sion.

P#t si"p$8, p#$i& prosetors #nder the 9O7 hae a ide ran%e o

dis&retion, the dis&retion o hether, hat and ho" to &har%e, the e+er&ise o

hi&h depends on a s"or%asord o a&tors hi&h are est appre&iated 8 4p#$i&5

prosetors./2*1 And this Co#rt has &onsistent$8 adhered to the po$i&8 o non-

intereren&e in the &ond#&t o pre$i"inar8 inesti%ations, and to $eae to the

inesti%atin% prosetor s#i&ient $atit#de o dis&retion in the deter"ination o

hat &onstit#tes s#i&ient eiden&e as i$$ esta$ish proa$e &a#se or the i$in%

o an inor"ation a%ainst the s#pposed oender./21

B#t this is not to dis&o#nt the possii$it8 o the &o""ission o a#ses on the

part o the prosetor. It is entire$8 possi$e that the inesti%atin% prosetor "a8

erroneo#s$8 e+er&ise the dis&retion $od%ed in hi" 8 $a. This, hoeer, does not

render his a&t a"ena$e to &orre&tion and ann#$"ent 8 the e+traordinar8 re"ed8

o certiorari, asent an8 shoin% o %rae a#se o dis&retion a"o#ntin% to e+&ess

o J#risdi&tion./3)1

Pres&indin% ro" the aoe, the &o#rts d#t8 in an appropriate &ase,

thereore, is &onined to a deter"ination o hether the assai$ed e+etie

deter"ination o proa$e &a#se as done itho#t or in e+&ess o J#risdi&tion

res#$tin% ro" a %rae a#se o dis&retion. >or &o#rts o $a to %rant the

e+traordinar8 rit o certiorari, so as to J#sti8 the reersa$ o the indin% o

hether or not there e+ists proa$e &a#se to i$e an inor"ation, the one see6in%

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the rit "#st e a$e to esta$ish that the inesti%atin% prosetor e+er&ised his

poer in an aritrar8 and despoti& "anner 8 reason o passion or persona$

hosti$it8, and it "#st e patent and %ross as o#$d a"o#nt to an easion or to a

#ni$atera$ re#sa$ to peror" the d#t8 enJoined or to a&t in &onte"p$ation o

$a. Grae a#se o dis&retion is not eno#%h./301 E+&ess o J#risdi&tion si%niiesthat he had J#risdi&tion oer the &ase #t has trans&ended the sa"e or a&ted itho#t

a#thorit8./3(1

App$8in% the ore%oin% disL#isition to the present petition, the reasons o the

Assistant Cit8 Prosetor in dis"issin% the &ri"ina$ &o"p$aints or a$sii&ation

and "#ti$ation, as air"ed 8 the 9O7, is deter"inatie o hether or not he

&o""itted %rae a#se o dis&retion a"o#ntin% to $a&6 or e+&ess o J#risdi&tion.

In r#$in% the a8 he did that no proa$e &a#se or a$sii&ation and

"#ti$ation e+ists - the Assistant Cit8 Prosetor de$ierated on the a&t#a$ and $e%a$

"i$ie# o the &ase. !e o#nd that there as no s#i&ient eiden&e to esta$ish

aprima facie&ase or the &ri"es &o"p$ained o as deined and p#nished #nder

Arti&$es 0;(, para%raph (, and (?( o the Reised Pena$ Code in re$ation to

Rep#$i& A&t No. ;?0), respe&tie$8. Con&ernin% the &ri"e o a$sii&ation o a

priate do"ent, the Assistant Cit8 Prosetor reasoned that the &ir"stan&es

attendant to the &ase did not a"o#nt to the &ri"e &o"p$ained o, that is, the $a&6 o

&onsent 8 Darr8 A%#irre eore he as ase&to"iedH or the a&t that the $atteras not &ons#$ted. The $a&6 o the to pre&edin% attendant a&ts do not in an8 a8

a"o#nt to a$sii&ation, asent the &ontention that it as "ade to appear in the

assai$ed report that said &onsent as otained. That o#$d hae een an #ntr#th#$

state"ent. Neither does the a&t that the Ps8&hiatri& Report state that Do#rdes

A%#irre has Bipo$ar Mood 9isorder 8 the sa"e to6en a"o#nt to a$sii&ation

e&a#se said report does not p#t orard that s#&h indin% arose ater an

e+a"ination o the &on&erned patient.Aproposthe &har%e o "#ti$ation, he

reasoned that tho#%h the ase&to"8 rendered Darr8 #na$e to pro&reate, it as notthe per"anent da"a%e &onte"p$ated #nder the pertinent proision o the pena$

&ode.

Fe a%ree. Grae a#se o dis&retion a"o#ntin% to $a&6 or e+&ess o

J#risdi&tion on the part o the 9O7 and the Assistant Cit8 Prosetor as not

shon in the present &ase.

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In the present petition, respondents Pedro A%#irre, O$ondri, 9r. A%atep and

9r. Pasa$ are &har%ed ith io$atin% Arti&$es 0;( and (?( o the Reised Pena$

Code, in re$ation to Rep#$i& A&t No. ;?0). Arti&$e 0;(, para%raph ( o the

Reised Pena$ Code, deines the &ri"e o a$sii&ation o a priate do"ent, vi!

Art. 0;(. Falsification by private individuals and use of falsified

documents. The pena$t8 oprision correccional in its "edi#" and "a+i"#"periods and a ine o not "ore than 3,))) pesos sha$$ e i"posed #pon:

+ + + +

(. An8 person ho, to the da"a%e o a third part8, or ith the intent

to &a#se s#&h da"a%e, sha$$ in an8 priate do"ent &o""it an8 o the a&ts o

a$sii&ation en#"erated in the ne+t pre&edin% arti&$e.

Petitioner G$oria A%#irre &har%es respondents ith a$sii&ation o a priate

do"ent or &onspirin% ith one another in 6eepin% Darr8

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?. Ma6in% an8 a$teration or inter&a$ation in a %en#ine do"ent

hi&h &han%es its "eanin%H

;. Iss#in% in an a#thenti&ated or" a do"ent p#rportin% to e a

&op8 o an ori%ina$ do"ent hen no s#&h ori%ina$ e+ists, or in&$#din% in s#&h

&op8 a state"ent &ontrar8 to, or dierent ro", that o the %en#ine ori%ina$H or

*. Inter&a$atin% an8 instr#"ent or note re$atie to the iss#an&e thereo

in a proto&o$, re%istr8, or oi&ia$ oo6.

vis-(-visthe "#&h &riti&ied Ps8&hiatri& Report, shos that the a&ts &o"p$ained o

do not in an8 "anner, 8 hateer stret&h o the i"a%ination, a$$ #nder an8 o the

ei%ht 4*5 en#"erated a&ts &onstit#tin% the oense o a$sii&ation.

In order to proper$8 address the iss#e presented 8 petitioner G$oria A%#irre,it is ne&essar8 that e disss the e$e"ents o the &ri"e o a$sii&ation o priate

do"ent #nder the Reised Pena$ Code, a &ri"e hi&h a$$ the respondents hae

een a&sed o perpetratin%. The e$e"ents o said &ri"e #nder para%raph ( o

Arti&$e 0;( o o#r pena$ &ode are as o$$os: 05 that the oender &o""itted an8

a&ts o a$sii&ation, e+&ept those in par. ;, en#"erated in Arti&$e 0;0H (5 that the

a$sii&ation as &o""itted in an8 priate do"entH and '5 that the a$sii&ation

&a#sed da"a%e to a third part8 or at $east the a$sii&ation as &o""itted ith

intent to &a#se s#&h da"a%e. Under Arti&$e 0;0, para%raph (, a person "a8 &o""it

a$sii&ation o a priate do"ent 8 &a#sin% it to appear in a do"ent that a

person or persons parti&ipated in an a&t or pro&eedin%, hen s#&h person or

persons did not in a&t so parti&ipate in the a&t or pro&eedin%. On the other hand,

a$sii&ation #nder par. ' o the sa"e arti&$e is perpetrated 8 a person or persons

ho, parti&ipatin% in an a&t or pro&eedin%, "ade state"ents in that a&t or

pro&eedin% and the oender, in "a6in% a do"ent, attri#ted to s#&h person or

persons state"ents other than those in a&t "ade 8 s#&h person or persons. And

the &ri"e deined #nder para%raph 2 thereo is &o""itted hen 05 the oender

"a6es in a do"ent state"ents in a narration o a&tsH (5 he has a $e%a$ o$i%ationto dis&$ose the tr#th o the a&ts narrated 8 hi"H '5 the a&ts narrated 8 the

oender are aso$#te$8 a$seH and 25 the perersion o tr#th in the narration o a&ts

as "ade ith the ron%#$ intent o inJ#rin% a third person.

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App$8in% the aoe-stated e$e"ents o the &ri"e to the &ase at ar, in order

that respondent 9r. Pasa$, and the rest a&tin% in &onspira&8 ith her, to hae

&o""itted the &ri"e o a$sii&ation #nder par. ' and 2 o Arti&$e 0;0 o the

Reised Pena$ Code, it is essentia$ that that there eprima facieeiden&e to sho

that she had &a#sed it to appear that Darr8 %ae his &onsent to e ase&to"ied orat the er8 $east, that the proposed "edi&a$ pro&ed#re as e+p$ained to Darr8. B#t

in the assai$ed report, no s#&h thin% as done. Dest it e or%otten, the reason or

hain% Darr8 ps8&hiatri&a$$8 ea$#ated as pre&ise$8 to as&ertain hether or not he

&an a$id$8 &onsent ith i"p#nit8 to the proposed ase&to"8, and not to otain his

&onsent to it or to o$i%e respondent 9r. Pasa$ to e+p$ain to hi" hat the i"port

o the "edi&a$ pro&ed#re as. >#rther, that Darr8s &onsent to e ase&to"ied

as not otained 8 the ps8&hiatrist as o no "o"ent, e&a#se nohere is it

stated in said report that s#&h assent as otained. At an8 rate, petitioner G$oriaA%#irre &ontradi&ts her er8 on a$$e%ations hen she persists in the &ontention

that Darr8 has the "enta$ a%e o a &hi$dH hen&e, he as $e%a$$8 in&apa$e o a$id$8

&onsentin% to the pro&ed#re.

In the "atter o the s#pposed in&orre&t dia%nosis o Do#rdes A%#irre, ith

re%ard to para%raph ( o Arti&$e 0;0 o the Reised Pena$ Code, e L#ote ith

approa$ the s#&&in&t state"ents o the Assistant Cit8 Prosetor:

/T1he a&t that 9ra. Pasa$ &ited indin%, hi&h is not o her on persona$6no$ed%e in her report does not "ean that she &o""itted a$sii&ation in the

pro&ess. !er so#r&es "a8 e ron% and "a8 ae&t the era&it8 o her report, #t

or as $on% as she has not a$$e%ed therein that she persona$$8 dia%nosed Do#rdes

A%#irre, hi&h a$$e%ation o#$d not then e tr#e, she &annot e &har%ed oa$sii&ation. Thereore, it %oes itho#t sa8in% that i the a#thor o the report is

not %#i$t8, then ith "ore reason the other respondents are not $ia$e./321

As to the &har%e o "#ti$ation, Art. (?( o the Reised Pena$ Code deines

the &ri"e as

Art. (?(.Mutilation. The pena$t8 o reclusion temporal to reclusion

perpetua sha$$ e i"posed #pon an8 person ho sha$$ intentiona$$8 "#ti$ateanother 8 depriin% hi", either tota$$8 or partia$$8, o so"e essentia$ or%an or

reprod#&tion.

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An8 other intentiona$ "#ti$ation sha$$ e p#nished 8prision mayor in its

"edi#" and "a+i"#" periods.

A strai%htorard s&r#tin8 o the aoe proision shos that the

e$e"ents/331o "#ti$ation #nder the irst para%raph o Art. (?( o the Reised Pena$

Code to e 05 that there e a castration, that is, "#ti$ation o or%ans ne&essar8 or

%enerationH and (5 that the "#ti$ation is &a#sed p#rpose$8 and de$ierate$8, that is,

to deprie the oended part8 o so"e essentia$ or%an or reprod#&tion. A&&ordin%

to the p#$i& prosetor, the a&ts a$$e%ed did not a"o#nt to the &ri"e o "#ti$ation

as deined and pena$ied aoe, i.e.,

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or%ans o %eneration, the a&t, a$tho#%h o$#ntar8, not ein% intentiona$ to that end,

it o#$d not &o"e #nder the proisions o this arti&$e, #t #nder No. ( o arti&$e

2'0. 4iada, Codi%o Pena$, o$. ', p. ;). See to sa"e ee&t, 2 Groiard, Codi%oPena$, p. 3(3.5

Th#s, the L#estion is, does ase&to"8 deprie a "an, tota$$8 or partia$$8, o

so"e essentia$ or%an o reprod#&tion Fe anser in the ne%atie.

In the "a$e steri$iation pro&ed#re o ase&to"8, the t##$ar passa%e, &a$$ed

the as deerens, thro#%h hi&h the sper" 4&e$$s5 are transported ro" the testi&$e

to the #rethra here the8 &o"ine ith the se"ina$ $#id to or" the eJa$ant, is

diided and the t ends "ere$8 tied. /3;1 That part, hi&h is t, that is, the as

deerens, is "ere$8 a passa%ea8 that is part o the d#&t s8ste" o the "a$e

reprod#&tie or%ans. The as deerens is not an or%an, i.e.,a hi%h$8 or%anied #nit

o str#&t#re, hain% a deined #n&tion in a "#$ti&e$$#$ar or%anis" and &onsistin%

o a ran%e o tiss#es./3*1 Be that as it "a8, een ass#"in% arguenothat the t##$ar

passa%e &an e &onsidered an or%an, the ttin% o the as deerens does not diest

or den8 a "an o an8 essentia$ or%an o reprod#&tion or the si"p$e reason that it

does not entai$ the ta6in% aa8 o a part or portion o the "a$e reprod#&tie

s8ste". The t ends, ater the8 hae een tied, are then dropped a&6 into the

in&ision./31

Tho#%h #ndenia$8, ase&to"8 denies a "an his poer o reprod#&tion,

s#&h pro&ed#re does not deprie hi",

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It is on&e "ore aproposto pointed$8 app$8 the Co#rts %enera$ po$i&8 o non-

intereren&e in the &ond#&t o pre$i"inar8 inesti%ations. As it has een ot said,

the S#pre"e Co#rt &annot order the prosetion o a person a%ainst ho" the

prosetor does not ind s#i&ient eiden&e to s#pport at $east aprima facie&ase./?(1 The &o#rts tr8 and aso$e or &oni&t the a&sed #t, as a r#$e, hae no part in

the initia$ de&ision to prosete hi"./?'1 The possi$e e+&eption to this r#$e is here

there is an #n"ista6a$e shoin% o a %rae a#se o dis&retion a"o#ntin% to $a&6

or e+&ess o J#risdi&tion that i$$ J#sti8 J#di&ia$ intr#sion into the pre&in&ts o the

e+etie. B#t that is not the &ase herein.

%HEREFORE, pre"ises &onsidered, the instant petition is 9ENIE9 or

$a&6 o "erit. The assai$ed (0 7#$8 ())3Decisionand 3 9e&e"er())3Resolution,oth o the Co#rt o Appea$s in CA-G.R. SP No. **';) are

here8 AFFIRMED. Costs a%ainst petitioner G$oria A%#irre.

SO ORDERED.

MINITA V. CHICO-NAZARIO

Asso&iate 7#sti&e

FE CONCUR:

CONSUELO YNARES-SANTIAGO

Chairperson

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MA. ALICIA AUSTRIA-MARTINEZ

Asso&iate 7#sti&e

RENATO C. CORONA

Asso&iate 7#sti&e

RUBEN T. REYES

Asso&iate 7#sti&e

ATTESTATION

I attest that the &on&$#sions in the aoe 9e&ision ere rea&hed in

&ons#$tation eore the &ase as assi%ned to the riter o the opinion o the Co#rts

9iision.

CONSUELO YNARES-SANTIAGO

Asso&iate 7#sti&e

Chairperson, Third 9iision

C E R T I F I C A T I O N

P#rs#ant to Arti&$e III, Se&tion 0' o the Constit#tion, and the 9iision

Chair"ans Attestation, it is here8 &ertiied that the &on&$#sions in the aoe

9e&ision ere rea&hed in &ons#$tation eore the &ase as assi%ned to the riter o

the opinion o the Co#rts 9iision.

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REYNATO S. PUNO

Chie 7#sti&e

7#sti&e Renato C. Corona as desi%nated to sit as additiona$ "e"er rep$a&in% 7#sti&e Antonio Ed#ardo B.Na&h#ra per Ra$e dated 0) 9e&e"er ());.

/01 Rollo, pp. '-*./(1 Penned 8 Co#rt o Appea$s Asso&iate 7#sti&e Martin S. i$$ara"a, 7r. ith Asso&iate 7#sti&es Ros"ari 9.

Carandan% and D#&enito N. Ta%$e, &onrrin%H Anne+

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/2)1 Id. at ;?3./201 Id. at *?'./2(1 Id. at ;''./2'1 R.R. Parees v. #alilung, G.R. No. 03?)33, 3 Mar&h ());, 30; SCRA '?, '2./221 Id./231 Id./2?1 *e$$ v. +on. De 'eon, '0; Phi$. ;3*, ;* 4035./2;1 R.R. Parees v. #alilung, s#pra note 2' at '2./2*1 *e$$ v. +on. De 'eon, s#pra note 2? at *))./21 Anres v. #uevas, G.R. No. 03)*?, 7#ne ())3, 2?) SCRA '*, 3(./3)1 D.M. #onsui, nc. v. %sguerra, '(* Phi$. 00?*, 00*3 40?5./301 R.R. Parees v. #alilung, s#pra note 2' at ';./3(1 Sarigum$a v. Sanigan$ayan, G.R. Nos. 032('-20, 0? >er#ar8 ())3, 230 SCRA 3'', 32./3'1 Rollo, pp. ('3-(2'./321 Id. at ()*./331 Re8es, The Reised Pena$ Code, Boo6 To 40'thed.5, p. 23;./3?1 '? Phi$. *2), *2)-*20 400;5./3;1 So$is, De%a$ Medi&ine 40*; ed.5, p. ?('./3*1 C$#%ston, 9i&tionar8 o S&ien&e 40* ed.5, p. 33*./31 S&hart, Shires, Spen&er, Storer, Prin&ip$e o S#r%er8, o$. To 42thed.5, pp. 0;(-0;')./?)1 Festers Third Ne Internationa$ 9i&tionar8 40' ed.5, p. 02'./?01 Id. at '2./?(1 Sanche! v. Demetriou, G.R. Nos. 000;;0-;;, Noe"er 0', ((; SCRA ?(;, ?2'./?'1 Id.