Agricultural Changes 1700s farms were based on the medieval strip system 18 th century the population started to increase Britain needed more food.

Agricultural Changes

1700s farms were based on the medieval strip system

18th century the population started to increase

Britain needed more food.

New ideas and machines were developed.

Agricultural Revolution

Enclosure Movement- Landowners fenced off their property creating bigger farms that were more efficient. These landowners were able to practice better farming methods and produce more food with less labor.

People were forced to leave the farms and head to the cities, giving you a new labor force.

Crop Rotation- using soil over and over to grow crops takes out all the nutrients from the soil. Charles Townsend found that planting turnips replenished the soil, so he began to rotate his crops, 1/3 turnips, 2/3 the other produce.

Breeding Animals

Robert Bakewell began to breed big animals with big animals. By doing this it produced bigger stronger animals that had more meat.

More meat= feed more people=healthier people=

Population Growth

Seed Drill- Jethro Tull developed a seed drill that planted seeds directly into the soil. This enabled farmers to plant straight rows so they could grow more and not waste seeds. This increased overall production of agricultural goods.

Less people to make more food=Healthier people=

Population growth= Larger demand for manufactured goods and more workers.

Implications of the Agricultural Revolution

Unemployment People lost land People moved to towns (urban areas) In 1801, 69% of the population of Britain lived

in rural areas. In 1881, it declined to 32%, people moved to

urban areas.

How did the A.R. lead to the I.R. in G.B.?

Enclosure movement: More people were out of farming so they went to the cities looking for work.

Breeding animals: More people could eat meat now, they were healthier, reproduced healthier children, which means bigger population. This increases labor supply and demand for consumer goods.

Farming Improvements: They produced more food with less people. This increased food supply helps population grow and gives farmers an extra supply of food to sell on the open market. This revenue allows people to invest in business, this is called CAPITAL.

Capital: Many British people were wealthy; they had the money to invest.

Natural resources: G.B. had great waterways making it easy to transport goods and use water as a supply of power. It also had huge supplies of coal and iron.

Labor Supply: A.R. led to population growth, which created labor and a market.

Colonies: G.B. had established colonies around the world that gave them a great place to get natural

resources.

Entrepreneurs brought together capital, labor and new inventions.

Britain has all the pieces to begin manufacturing:

Labor

Natural Resources

Capital

What are they missing to make this all work?

Machinery