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Adopting Appropriate Methods of Adopting Appropriate Methods of Restoring Lakes in India: A Case Restoring Lakes in India: A Case

Study from Mysore City Study from Mysore City Lake KukkarahalliLake Kukkarahalli

K. M. JayaramaiahEcology Laboratory

Department of Studies in BotanyManasagangotri

University of MysoreMysore-570 006

K. M. K. M. JayaramaiahJayaramaiahEcology LaboratoryEcology Laboratory

Department of Studies in BotanyDepartment of Studies in BotanyManasagangotriManasagangotri

University of MysoreUniversity of MysoreMysoreMysore--570 006570 006

KukkarahalliKukkarahalli Lake Lake

KukkarahalliKukkarahalli Lake Lake

KukkarahalliKukkarahalli Lake Lake

IntroductionIntroductionKukkarahhi lake is a man made lake in Kukkarahhi lake is a man made lake in Mysore and was constructed in 1881 for Mysore and was constructed in 1881 for drinking water purposes.drinking water purposes.

Total area of Kukkarahalli lake is about Total area of Kukkarahalli lake is about 104 ha. and water spread area lake is 49 104 ha. and water spread area lake is 49 ha.ha.

It is situated within the Mysore It is situated within the Mysore University Campus and is partly University Campus and is partly arboretum and partly aquatic habitat.arboretum and partly aquatic habitat.

Lake supports flora and fauna.Lake supports flora and fauna.

Biodiversity of Biodiversity of KukkarahalliKukkarahalli lakelake

Lake supports variety of life Lake supports variety of life formsformsBirdsBirdsFishesFishesCrocodilesCrocodilesAlgae Algae --chlorococcaleschlorococcalesDesmidsDesmidsDiatoms Diatoms Blue green algaeBlue green algaeEuglonoidsEuglonoidsDianoflgellatesDianoflgellates

Ecological problemsEcological problems

Inflow of untreated sewage from Inflow of untreated sewage from PadavarahalliPadavarahalli, , JayalakshmipuramJayalakshmipuram, , OntikoppalOntikoppal and Mysore University and Mysore University and and KaranatakaKaranataka Open UniversityOpen University

Reduction of Reduction of catchmentcatchment areaarea

Indiscriminate dumping of solid Indiscriminate dumping of solid wasteswastes

Storm water drains chokedStorm water drains choked

Ecological problemsEcological problems

Non optimal utilization of lake Non optimal utilization of lake resources for medicinal plants, resources for medicinal plants, aquaculture etc.aquaculture etc.Non utilization of lake as a Non utilization of lake as a source of human and live stock source of human and live stock biomass requirementsbiomass requirementsShrinking of feeder canal Shrinking of feeder canal (Poornaiah canal) from 25 km to (Poornaiah canal) from 25 km to 5 km due to urbanization5 km due to urbanization

Ecological problemsEcological problemsSiltationSiltation in the lakein the lakeAlgal bloomsAlgal bloomsReduced water level in lake due to Reduced water level in lake due to diversion of sewagediversion of sewageNo proper wildlife and biomass No proper wildlife and biomass managementmanagementAbandonment of recreational activitiesAbandonment of recreational activitiesAbsence of lake water quality monitoringAbsence of lake water quality monitoringOpen defecationOpen defecation

KukkarahalliKukkarahalli Lake in 2001Lake in 2001

Emanations of foul Emanations of foul odourodourEutrophicationEutrophication –– MicrocystisMicrocystisaeruginosaaeruginosaWater quality Water quality –– depleteddepletedBOD level BOD level –– increased increased Fish death occurredFish death occurredOut break of diseases like cough, fever Out break of diseases like cough, fever etc. Seen among the people who live etc. Seen among the people who live in the vicinity of the Lakein the vicinity of the Lake

Methods for restoration of lakeMethods for restoration of lake

Stop the inflow of sewageStop the inflow of sewageStop dumping of waste around lake including Stop dumping of waste around lake including biomedical wastesbiomedical wastesRemoving accumulated algae by manual Removing accumulated algae by manual methodsmethodsRemoving weeds at the periphery of the lakeRemoving weeds at the periphery of the lakeCleaning boundary conditions of the lake by Cleaning boundary conditions of the lake by engineering engineering technquestechnquesStop the immerse of Lord Stop the immerse of Lord GaneshaGanesha idolsidolsIncreasing the security system particularly for Increasing the security system particularly for bird killingbird killing

Methods for restoration of lakeMethods for restoration of lake

Bunding the lake peripheries Bunding the lake peripheries Aeration of water by introducing Aeration of water by introducing boating boating –– rowing, peddling by NCC rowing, peddling by NCC cadetscadetsRainwater harvesting Rainwater harvesting –– from Mysore from Mysore University Playground (accepted by University Playground (accepted by MUDA)MUDA)

Methods for restoration of lakeMethods for restoration of lake

Improving the quality of water by inflow of Improving the quality of water by inflow of filter cleaned back wash water (work filter cleaned back wash water (work started at Vanivilas Water Works, Mysore started at Vanivilas Water Works, Mysore City Corporation).City Corporation).Formation of Parks for recreation.Formation of Parks for recreation.Planted tree saplings like Neem, Planted tree saplings like Neem, Jambolana etc.Jambolana etc.Created awareness among local residents Created awareness among local residents living around the lake with regard to the living around the lake with regard to the need for conservation and protection of the need for conservation and protection of the lake through public debate, group lake through public debate, group discussion, lectures and also through discussion, lectures and also through television, radio, newspaper.television, radio, newspaper.Taken steps to revive feeder channel Taken steps to revive feeder channel (Poornaiah Canal) of the lake for certain (Poornaiah Canal) of the lake for certain extentextent

Manual removal of algae from the lake

Removal of algae and polluted water from the lake through pump.

Removal of algae from the lake with the help of machine

Boating: one of the methods to aerate the lake water

Restoration of lake started with 91 Lakh ADB Grant in 2003

Thank You