Aditi Sharma and Sunnie Lee WHAP Period: 4 Key Cities
Aditi Sharma and Sunnie LeeWHAP
Period: 4
Key Cities
CHAPTER 5 - Iran
Persepolis Cyrus began Achaemenids’ rule, defeated Medes Built by Darius I extended Persian control and
organized the government Near Elam and Mesopotamia Geographical center of the empire Had important skilled workers
• New cit ies after Dark Age• New Intel lectual Currents
• Humanism• New technologies• Pre-Socrates, new philosophies
CHAPTER 5 - Archaic Greece (800-480 BCE)
CHAPTER 5 – Archaic Greece (PT. 2)
AthensPolitical, Cultural and Economic
RenaissanceLarge population & Fertile land Important government reformers
Solon Pisistratus Pericles
CHAPTER 5 – Archaic Greece (PT. 3)
Sparta Southern part of Greek mainland Military state (because of fear of helot-uprising) Invaded areas (i.e. Messenia) Used hoplite tactics Economic, political and cultural reinassance was
suppressed, military aspects overruled Weren’t normal, didn’t trade Almost communist-like
CHAPTER 5 – Classical Greece (480 BCE-323 BCE)
Persian Wars Struggles between Persia and Greece (Delian League)
Dominant rule of AthensSocrates and Plato (new philosophies, Plato’s
Academy, new take on education)Athenian navy Athenian power/ruleInequality in society
• Alexander the Great (son of Phi l l ip II) gained power after/because of Peloponnesian War• Alexander favored Persian elements but bui lt Greek-style cit ies
Hellenistic Age
CHAPTER 5 – Hellenistic Age
Three Kingdoms:Ptolemies (Egypt)
Did not enforce Greek culture/ways Alexandria: Located between Egypt and Mesopotamia
Seleucids (Eastern areas) Persian-style government
Antigonid (Macedonia and Greece) Homogeneous Population
• Ruled lands in the Mediterranean Sea• Used their natural resources• First ruled by 7 Kings and transformed into a republic
The Romans
Chapter 6: Roman Republic
Roman Republic Leaders Two Consuls Senate The Tribune : Patron/ Client Relationship
Shared privileges of citizenshipConquest Wars and Expansion
Failure of the Roman Republic
Failure of the Republic Decline in military and senate power Gauis Marius : led to private armies under generals. Civil wars = resulted from loyalty to generals Augustus ends the republic and creates the Roman
Principate
• Urban Empire• Granted Cit izenship
Roman Empire
Roman Empire
Carthage & Other Cities Large populations = Strains on resources Elegant Townhouses & Villas Town Councils maintained law & order Lavish Amenities & Attractions Pax Romana : Safety & Stable life guranteed Aqueducts
Rise of the Byzantine Empire
Constantinople Built by Constantine More educated & Christian population Capital of the Byzantine empire
• Founder: Shi Huangdi• Total itarian Structure • Unifi ed the Chinese Civi l ization = Standardization• Confucianism & Legalism
Qin Dynasty
• Founder: Liu Bang• Combined Legalism with Confucianism• Mil i tary Expansion• Formation of the Gentry
Han Dynasty
The Han Empire
Chang’an Located in the Wei Valley Protected by a ring of hills High walls protected important areas Important city on the Silk Road
• First Central ized Empire of India• Founder: Chandragupta Maurya• Based on Buddhism
The Mauryan Empire
• Located near Trade Routes•Founder: Chandragupta•Based on Hinduism
The Gupta Empire
The Gupta Empire
Pataliputra “Theater State” Located on Trade Routes Capital of the Empire Fertile Land
Southeast Asia
**better map on pg. 191 in your textbooks!
Important Cities in South East Asia
FunanSrivijaya
Capital of Srivijayan Kingdom Dominated Indian Ocean Trade Route Navigable Rivers Sumatran Sea Port
• Trade route for Mediterranean & China• From Antioch – Chang’an
Silk Road
• Trade across Indian Ocean & South China Sea• Used monsoon winds to navigate
Indian Ocean Maritime System
•Trade in caravan cit ies across the Sahara
Trans-Saharan Caravan Routes
Cities on the Trans Saharan Caravan Rotes
New technologies (camel breeding, stirrups, etc.)
Saba Caravan city near the coast Trading center with diverse populations
Petra Caravan City Traded native products
•Rival of the Byzantine•Followers of Zoroastrianism•Ruled in Iran
Sassanid Empire
**This is the end of Chapter 8. Chapter 9 is Islam, which Maddie, Shahriyar and Sydney did a good job of explaining. Mrs. Hallgren will be going over Chapters 10 and 11 for the quiz in class! This powerpoint covers Chapters 5-12 and will be up on Edmodo and Facebook to use as another study tool for the test on Tuesday. Good luck guys! :D
Key Cit ies : Mecca & Medina
Islamic Kingdoms
**You guys should know this from Maddie, Sydney and Shahriyar’s presentation!
• Rule of the Pope• Infl uenced by Christ ianity•Strongly disl iked Paganism•Monastism•Crusades on pg. 270
Western Church
**Better map on pg. 258 in your textbooks!
• Founder: Constantine•Capital : Constantinople•Paganism died easi ly
Byzantine Empire
• Founder : Vladimir I•Orthodox Christ ianity•Dependent on Byzantine
Kievan Russia
• Built Grand Canal•Unifi ed China•Strong infl uence of Buddhism•(another) Chang’an
Sui Empire
• Founder : Li Shimin• Decedents of the Turks• Tributary City
Tang Empire
Tang Empire Cities
(yet another) Chang’an Cultural & Economic Capital Near the Grand Canal & Wei River Valley Sea Port Destination of Tributes
Canton (Guangzhou) Coastal city Connected to the Capital
Empires during Tang Rein
Uigur and Tibetan Empire Uigurs = Turkish group with ties to Islam and China Tibet: Islamic, Indian, Chinese & Greek Culture
Friendly with the Tang, liked Buddhism at first Ended with Monastic Rule
Post Tang Empires
Song Empire Largest successor of the Tang empire Capital: Kaifeng
Liao Challenged the Song empire Northern China
Jin Empire Ruled by the Jurchens Southern Song Empire
Key cities in the Song Empire
Hangzhou Advanced technology allowed flow of the river
through the city avoided the Burbonic plague Multistory wooden apartments & narrow streets Large population Expertise in water supply & waste management Amenities : Restaurants, Parks and Tea Houses
Korean, Japanese & Vietnamese Empires
Koryo Allied with the Song & disliked Jin and Liao. Used movable type print
Japan Yamato Empire
Capital: Nara & Kyoto Influenced greatly by Chinese empires
Kamakura Shogunte Military Regimine rule of Japan
Vietnam Ammam Empire
Modeled after Chinese empires Rivals with Champa Government resembled early Tang
Mesoamerican Classical Period
Teotihuacan Civilization Most important civilization of Mesoamerica Rapid Population growth Religious Detailed Architecture Relatively Peaceful, Military = important
Mayan Civilization Shared similar culture Powerful cities controlled rural cities Lasted through Classical period
Mesoamerican Post Classical
The Toltecs Similar to the Teotihuatican Based on military power Two kings or chieftains ruled One ruler was exiled and led to decline
The Aztecs Twin Capitals : Tenochititlan and Tlateloclo Military success = empire Tribute system & Long distance Trade
Northern People
Anasazi Chaco Canyon = community
Mound Building Cultures Adena Hopewell Mississippian
Andean Civilizations
Moche Military Control
Chimu Powerful Coastal Civilization
Tiwanku Highly stratified society
Wari military power ended Moche
Incas initially a chiefdom that expanded with conquest Expanded trade system