Adaptation and Personalization

What is Adaptation and Personalization?

By Christian Glahn Open Universiteit Nederland

Within the Grapple project

http://www.grapple-project.org

Slide 1

Adaptation

• Change a system’s look• Change a system’s behaviour

• Based on contextual factors

Slide 2

Personalization

Slide 3

MarieMarie

WendyWendyMarie’s profile

Wendy’s profile

Master Document

Personalisation

• Change a system’s look• Change a system’s behaviour

• Based on the personal profile of a system user– Preferences– User-behaviour

Slide 4

Personalisation is a special form of

Adaptation

Slide 5

Automatic Adaptive

Automatic non-adaptive systems

• Independent of environmental factors

• Fixed rules• Not aware of history

Adaptive systems

• Influenced by environmental factors

• learning application• History aware

Slide 6

Both types of systems can “feel” personalized

Controlling the Adaptation

All adaptive systems are based on two control mechanisms

• Adaptive Rules

• Adaptation strategy

Slide 7

Definition: Adaptation Rule

• Defines the conditions when the adaptation has to take place

• Defines what kind of adaptation will happen

Slide 8

Definition: Adaptation Strategy

A collection of adaptation rules that defines

• When and how a system reacts on environmental factors

• When and how a system takes the history into account

• Relation between the adaptation rules

Slide 9

Adaptable and Adaptive ICT Environments

Slide 10

Self-organizing System

User-customizedSystem

User-configuredSystem

Pre-designedSystem

controlcontrol

Self-organizing system

• Detects appropriate adaptation rules

• Develops adaptation strategies dynamically

• Based on empirical analysis and pattern detection of input information

Slide 11

Pre-designed system

• Based on designed adaptation rules

• Based on designed adaptation strategies

• No automatic improvement of rules and strategies

Slide 12

User configured system

• User configurations influence the behavior of the system

• User can influence actively the adaptation process

Slide 13Training and formative evaluation sessions 2010

User customized system

• User can change some parameters of a system (e.g. background color)

• System logic is not influenced by the user

Slide 14

adaptiveadaptive

Adaptable and Adaptive ICT Environments

Slide 15

Self-organizing System

User-customizedSystem

User-configuredSystem

Pre-designedSystem

controlcontrol

adaptable

Adaptable and Adaptive ICT Environments

Slide 16

controlcontrol

Self-organizing System

User-customizedSystem

User-configuredSystem

Pre-designedSystem

Grapple

Grapple

Levels of Adaptation

• First-order adaptation: adaptation strategy defines how a system has to adapt

• Second-order adaptation: the adaptive strategy itself is adaptive

Slide 17

GRAPPLE Scope

First-order user-adaptive systems

• Environmental factors are focused towards the person who uses the system

• History reflects how the system has been used by a person

Slide 18

User-Adaptive Systems

Learn more about GRAPPLE onhttp://www.grapple-project.org/tutorial

Slide 20