22 Chapter 1 Problem Solving Activity: Logical Reasoning Materials: Pencil Learning Objective: Students look at a logical argument to decide whether the reasoning is valid or flawed. Students should only use the given information. They should not try to reason whether the conclusion is true or false in real life. The goal is to decide whether the conclusion follows logically from the given information. Name _____________________________ Use the given information to decide whether the conclusion is valid or flawed. Circle the correct answer. Explain your reasoning. Given information Conclusion 1. Everyone in Tyrone’s class got an A Therefore, Diane got an A Valid Flawed on the math test. Diane is in on the math test. Tyrone’s class. 2. Everyone in Tyrone’s class got an A Therefore, James did not Valid Flawed on the math test. James is not in get an A on the math test. Tyrone’s class. 3. All rectangles are parallelograms. Therefore, all rectangles Valid Flawed All parallelograms are quadrilaterals. are quadrilaterals. 4. All rectangles are parallelograms. Therefore, all rectangles Valid Flawed All squares are quadrilaterals. are quadrilaterals. 5. If Robert makes this field goal, then Therefore, Robert’s team Valid Flawed Robert’s team will win the game. wins the game. Robert makes the field goal. 6. If Robert makes this field goal, then Therefore, Robert’s team Valid Flawed Robert’s team will win the game. did not win the game. Robert did not make the field goal. 7. Some horses are paints. Therefore, Toby is a horse. Valid Flawed Toby is a paint. 8. All paints are horses. Toby is a paint. Therefore, Toby is a horse. Valid Flawed Monkey Business Images/Shutterstock.com © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.