Aban Remḍan sɣur Xalfa Mammeri

aAsqamu uniG n timuz$a HAUT COMMISSARIAT A L’AMAZIGHITE

Khalfa MAMERI

Tasuqilt n Abdenour HADJ-SAID

HCA 2003

1

1 TALALIT DI TMURT N LEQBAYEL

Ilul-ed Abane Ramdane ass n 10 yunyu 1920 di tmurt n Leqbayel ; taddart-is d Ieezzuzen i d-yezgan ar tama n Laôebea Nat Yiraten. Am tuddar akk n Leqbayel, Ieezzuzen teckenîev ar yiwet n tqacuct n idurar n Oeôoeô. Seg wexxam anda ilul Abane Ramdane, tamu$li tessufu$ mbeeid i d-iêudden idurar n Leqbayel elayen. Tamnaî anda ilul Abane Ramdane tugar tahuski timnavin nniven n tmurt n Lezzayer. D lexôif ne$ d tagrest, d tafsut ne$ d anebdu, yal tsemhuyt tettak-as udem-is. Di tegrest, adfel i$elli-d s waîas, tikwal yessawav azal n lmitra. Idurar ttbeddilen udem, ttbanen-d amzun neîven s igenni. Di tefsut, îîuqten initen, amzun akken d tafelwit n teklut n umekla amuqran.

2

D acu kan, agama yif akk imeklawen n ddunit. Llan yem$an iwra$en, izegga$en, imellalen, ixuxiyen, ig-dduklen d initen n isekla, ttna$en $ef yemviqen. Tafsut d tasemhuyt ig-ttaooan tameddurt a tta$ aéar-is. Tettem$ay-ed tuga, îîrviqen laewanûer, i$ersiwen n téegwa tteff$en-d si l$iran nnsen iwakken ad nadin $ef lqut nnsen, ma d ifrax îîuqqten yerna ççewçiwen. Tgerrez tmu$li imi tiî ne$ tameééu$t ne$ anzaren bbin lêeq nnsen, yesseôwaten ugama. Yeweeô unebdu s u$amac-is, maca tiéegwa yeévan, yeççuren s isekla elayen, am teslent, ttaken-t-ed tasmuvi. Lexôif d tasemhuyt anda agama yesteefuy, amzun akken d tewser ig-beddun uqbel a d-tas taguni n tegrest ig-sawalen i talalit n tefsut. £ellin iferrawen n isekla di lexôif. Initen ttôuêun cwiî cwiî, yalci yeddawaô i tebrek am igenni n lexôif.

3

Ger wa d wa, di temnaî agi icebêen, i yedder Abane Ramdane azal n 13 iseggasen. Yesseedda teméi-s mebla lêif. Tawacult-is tesea igran iweseen i d-ittaken zzit uzemmur d tazart. Muêend, baba-s, yella d amzenzu. Yemma-s, Faîima, têemmel-it aîas. Yella d mummu n wallen-is ger wayetma-s d yessetmas. Têemmel-it aîas acku Abane Ramdane d anelmad ifazen maççi d kra.

Tamurt n Leqbayel : Azzouza, taddart N Abane Remdane

4

2 D ANELMAD IFAZEN

Nezmer a d-nini belli Abane Ramdane yella d anelmad ifazen aîas aîas deg u$erbaz acku nufa tineqvin is-ttaken iselmaden-is ugar n 50 iseggasen aya. Di kra n tengawin, ulac win i t-yifen. Tizya-s, di lawan-nni, ur ttôuêun ara ar i$erbaz. Llant tsebbiwin i wannect-a. Tamezwarut, ulac aîas n i$erbazen imiren acku nella ddaw uzaglu n tsehrest, imi iserdasen iôumyen d nutni i yeîîfen adabu. Tis snat, tiwaculen n leqbayel d tigellilin, ur zmirent ara ad fkent dderya nnsent ar u$erbaz. Ttmenyafin aten sqedcen ama deg wexxam ne$ di lexla. Nezmer a d-nini belli Abane Ramdane d zzheô i yesea imi yekcem ar u$erbaz di taddart-is. Hatan d acu nezmer a n$er deg ttafttar nni ines deg-iseggasen 1932 d 1933, asmi yessewjad iman-is iwakken ad ikcem ar tusnawit.

5

Hatan d acu d-yenna fellas yiwen deg iselmaden-is deg-seggassen nni n 1932-1933 : “D anelmad amegzu, yers leeql-is. D ama$zal. Zgi$ feôêe$ s-lxedma-ines d tikli-s”. S umata, iselmaden-is akk ieoeb-iten lxedma-ines. £ef ayagi is-ttaken tizmilin igerzen. Aswir-ines igerrez di yal tanga. Ieoeb ama d iselmaden ama d tawacult-is, abaeda yemma-s i yellan tettzuxu yis aîas. Abane Remdane akk d yemdukkal-is d uselmad-is deg

u$erbaz DUVEYRIER n Blida di tefsut n 1935

6

Mbeed mi d-yebbi akayav aneggaru n u$erbaz, win umi qqaren “Certificat d’Etudes Primaires”, Abane Ramdane yekcem srid ar tusnawit DUVEYRIER n Blida i yu$alen s yin d afella d tusnawit IBN-ROCHD. £as akken yebeed $ef wexxam nnsen d imawlan-is, maca Abane Ramdane ikemmel abrid-is n unelmad ifazen. Ifaz abaeda di tusnakt. D$a di tusnawit agi n Blida i d-yebbi Lbak n tusnakt, imiren d imexva wid yessawven ar weswir-agi di leqôaya. Ula d iôumyen, qlil degsen wid yessawaven lweqt-nni a d-awin lbak. Ilaq di$en a d-nini d akken di tusnawit agi n Blida i yebda Abane Ramdane, i yesean imiren 13 iseggasen di leemeô-is, yettara ddehn-is ar tsertit, ar liêala ideg tella tmurt-is d wegdud-is.

7

3 D A£ELNAèRI AMSARI

S lbak-ines, Abane Ramdane yezmer ad ikemmel leqraya ines di tesdawit. Imawlan-is, abaeda baba-s, yeb$a ad ikemmel leqraya taelayant iwakken a d-yeffe$ d amejjay ne$ d abugaîu. Ula d netta ixemmem, di yiwet n teswiet akken, ad ikemmel leqraya-s iwakken a d-yeffe$ d abugaîu. Maca, ar tagara, yella yakan imiren, 22 iseggasen di leemeô-is yemmal aîas ar tsertit. Imiren ulac aîas n yemdanen yeîîafaren tasertit, acku tella teswiet teémek yerna ur yezmir ara uzzayri a d-yerr tasertit d lxedma-s. Ula d ikabaren i$elnaériyen i yellan imiren ur sein ara idrimen iwakken ad ssidren ime$nasen nnsen. Maca, Abane Ramdane yesea ta$ennant, yeéra anda iteddu, yextaô ad yennerni di tsertit. Yexdem kra n wussan di t$iwant n Cel$um Leid i d-yezgan ger Seîif d Qsenîina.

8

Yeooa lxedma-nni n lbiru xas akken di lweqt nni, lxedma am tagi qlil win yessawven $ures imi tesea azal meqqren. S lem$awla, yu$al d aqeôôu n ukabar i yellan di 1947 d akabar azzayri yekkaten $ef timunent n tmurt nne$. Akabar agi isem-is “Amussu i unalak n tlelliyin timagdayin” (MTLD). Ur ilaq ara a nettu d akken Lezzyer tella ddaw uzaglu n Fôansa. Agdud azzayri ur yelli ara d ilelli. Yettwaêkem s-wuzzal iôumyen yessenden $ef igen nnsen d tamsulta. £ef ayagi, yella d amihaw i uzzayri ad yevfeô abrid n tsertit. Di 1947, yiwet n tuddsa tuzzugt umi qqaren O.S. (Organisation spéciale) tettwasebded ddaw n tmehla n MTLD iwakken a d-heggi tigawin tiserdasin i weslelli n Lezzayer deg we$mar n Fransa.

9

Abane Ramdane yettiki di tuddsa agi am netta am aîas n ime$nasen ur nettwassen ara. Tamsulta tafôansist tessawev att fiq s-tuddsa agi. D$a, aîas n Izzayriyen yellan yessewjaden îrad mgal Fransa ttwaîîfen di 1950 u êekmen fellasen d lêebs. Abane Ramdane yellan yeffer di Wehran mbeed mi yella $ef uqeôôu n temnaî n La Soummam, ger Seîif d Bgayet, yettwaîîef ula d netta u êekmen fellas s sin iseggasen n lêebs. Di lêebs, Abane Ramdane yesfer$-asen tawenza i yeessasen-nni, ama di Lezzayer ne$ di Fransa. Ieedda-d $ef 4 leêbus ger wid iweeôen. Iwakken a d-yesken i yôumyen ta$ennant-ines, yeêbes $ef lqut aîas n wussan. Yenqes s wazal n 30 kg segmi yeêbes $ef lmakla. D annect-agi i t-yessawven $er leb$i-s : yu$al yettuneêsab am akken a ameêbus aserti, yesea izerfan-ines, garasen ta$uri n yedlisen d ye$misen. Yeffe$-ed si lêebs di yennayer 1955 mbaed mi d-yesseedda 5 iseggasen.

10

Ur yeêdiô ara i wendah n îrad n uslelli a$elnaw i yebdan yakan sin wagguren uqbel. D amegzu, am akken d-yenna fellas uselmad-is asmi yesea 13 iseggasen di leemô-is, Abane Ramdane i yesean tirmi tasertit meqqren ad yernu ad yaé ar zdat. S lem$awla, deg yiwen waggur, asmi d-yu$al ar Ieezzuzen, yeffe$ ula d netta ar umada$.

11

4 D A£ELLA N TEGRAWLA

Ilaq a necfut $ef ayagi : Asmi yebda îrad n timunent, ass n umenzu n wenber 1954, Lezzayer tebva $ef 5 n temnavin $ef uqeôôuy nnsent :

1- Mostéfa Ben Boulaid , d a$ella n Aurés;

2- Mourad Didouche, d a$ella n ugafa n Qûentina ;

3- Belkacem Krim, d a$ella n tmurt n Leqbayel ;

4- Rabah Bitat, d a$ella n temnaî n Lezzayer ;

5- Larbi Ben Mhidi, d a$ella n temnaî n Wehôan.

Ulac win yellan d aqeôôu $ef 5 n temnavin agi. Yella Mohamed Boudiaf i yeîîfen asa$en ger xemsa i$ella n temnavin agi i d-nebder akk d 3 iqerra nniven (Hocine Ait Ahmed, Ahmed Ben Bella d Mohamed Khider) yellan beôôa n tmurt iwakken a d-ffken afud i tegrawla nne$, lad$a s uceggee n leslaê i yemjuhad.

12

BOUDIAF d xemsa (5) i$ella n temnavin n îrad n timunent

13

Boudiaf ur yezmir ara a d-yu$al ar tmurt-is segmi yeffe$ deffir n umenzu n wenbir 1954. Di tuber 1956, yettwaêbes netta d yemdukal-is Ait Ahmed, Ben Bella d Khider, asmi tettwaîîef tmesrifegt nni iten yebbin si Rabat ar Tunes. Ul$u n umenzu n wenbir 1954 i yura Boudiaf d Didouche s tefôansist ur yesbidd ara win ara yilin d a$ella n tegrawla. D amkan agi i yellan d ilem i yeîîef Abane Ramdane. Tura a nwali amek. Asmi yeffe$ Abane di tmurt n Leqbayel iwakken ad yili di Lezzayer s tufra ar tagara n furar d tazwara n me$res 1955, liêala n tegrawla tevêa-d teweeô. Leeskeô n Fôansa yerra-d tiyita s leqseê, annect-a yegla-d s lmut n waîas n yemjuhad. Rrnu ar wannect-a imjuhad d ime$nasen i$elnaériyen êbsen, ur zmiren ad lêun akken isen yehwa, yezmer aten îîfen imsulta d ioadaômiyen.

14

Aîas n yemjuhad i yettwan$an ne$ i yettwaîîfen. Lllan garasen i$ella n temnavin. Akka:

1- Didouche Mourad yettwan$a ass n 14 janvier 1955.

2- Ben Boulaid Mostéfa yettwaîîef ass n 11 janvier 1955.

3- Bitat Rabah yettwaîîef ass n 23 me$res 1955.

4- Boudiaf Mohamed yella di Lmeôôuk. Ëala Krim Belkacem d Larbi Ben Mhidi i d-yeggran di Lezzayer. I$ella yettwan$an ne$ yettwaîfen u$alen deg imukan nnsen inmuzal nnsen. Maca, mazal ulac tuqqna ger temnavin d yemjuhad. Imjuhad ttwaeezlen deg idurar, wa ur iéer wa. D Abane Ramdane, i yellan di lawan nni di Lezzayer deg wemkan n Bitat yettwaîîfen, yexdem snat n t$awsiwin tixutaô : - Tazwara iqelleb amek ar d-yeg asa$en ger temnavin akk d i$ella nnsent.

15

- Tis snat, yessuter deg i$ella d ikabaren isertiyen izzayriyen nniven a d-kecmen ar tegrawla. Abane Ramdane yumen d akken ma neb$a a d-nawi tilelli i Lezzyer, ilaq akk izzayriyen ad ttekkin di îrad. Izzayriyen, lawan nni, llan bvan am ibawen $ef lluê. Yerna maççi aîas i yellan umnen s tikti n usufe$ n Fransa s îrad imi te$leb Lezzayer di tezmert. £ef ayagi i nezmer a d-nini d akken d Abane Ramdane i yessawven a d-yejmee izzayriyen d ikabaren yellan di teswiet nni. Iceyyee i :

- Ferhat Abbas, a$ella n ukabar UDMA, - Ben Khedda, Dahleb, Kiouane, Bouda i

yellan zik d i$ella n MTLD, - Cheikh Larbi Tbessi d Keireddine seg

umussu n Leulama, - Ouzeggane d Hadjres seg ukabar

amzduklan azzayri (PCA). Deg yiwen useggas, di me$res 1955 ar me$res 1956, Abane Ramdane yessawev a d-

16

yejmee ar yiwet n tqaeett akk i$ella izzayriyen yellan niqal ur ttemsefhamen deg aygarasen iwakken ad ikin, afus deg ufus, di îrad n uslelli a$elnaw. Annect-agi leemeô d-yevri ger i$elnaériyen izzayriyen, ula asmi d-kecmen iôumyen di 1830. “D tadukli i d-yettawin tazmert”. Abane Ramdane, deg akken yefhem aîas lmaena n yinzi, imers-it. Ayen akka yexdem Abane maççi d izli, maççi menwala a yessiwev a d-yejmee $ef yiwet n tekti izzayriyen akken ma llan. Maca annect-a maççi ala ayen leali is i d-yegla i Abane Ramdane, imi aîas i yusmen degs, kerhen-t imi nutni ur ssawven ara ad xedmen ciîuê deg yexdem netta. Wagi ilaq a necfu-t fellas acku d ayagi ar a$-yessiwven iwakken a nefhem ayen yevran d Abane mbaed.

17

5 Tikti n “Qassaman”

Teéram akk d akken “Qassaman” d imse$ret a$elnaw n Lezzayer. Yal tamurt di ddunit – - azal n 200 n tmura –- tesea imse$ret a$elnaw ines. D ccna wezzil i d-yettaken yiwen wegzul $ef umezruy d t$erma n wegdud. Tikti n Qassaman bab-is d Abane Ramdane. Annect-a yenna-ya$-t-id Rebbah Lakhdar. D anegaru yagi i d-iqublen Abane, tikelt tamezwarut i d-yekcem ar temdint n Lezzayer di tagara n Fevrier d tazwara n mars 1955. D netta i s-id-yufan anda yezde$ di tzeqqa Boucher i yellan zzat n wannar umi qqaren Hamma akka tura. Yiwen wass, Abane Ramdane yessuter di Rebbah Lakhdar ad iôuê netta d Ben Khedda Ben Youcef iwakken ad yemlil d Moufdi Zakaria, yiwen umedyaz améabi ig-zed$en di temdint

18

Lezzayer, ad sutren degs ma yella yezmer ad yaru yiwen umse$ret i tegrawla tazzayrit. Timlilit tamezwarut tevra-d deg webrid “les Tanneurs” i d-yessufu$en $er webrid n Ben Mhidi. Timlilit-agi ur tessawev ara ar kra. Moufdi Zakaria yugi ad yexdem ayen i sutren degs acku ur iwufeq ara tikli nni i d-bbin yemjuhad : tteksen idrimen s ddree i yemzenza iméabiyen. Asmi t-yebbev lexbaô agi, Abane Ramdane yessuter iwakken ur ttnalen ara iméabiyen. Yenna-yasen d akken iméabiyen agi d izzayriyen ula d nutni, ilaq fella$ aten nqadaô. Akkagi i yessawev Abane Ramdane ad iqennee Moufdi Zakaria iwakken a d-yaru Qassaman. Ifka-yas kra iwellihen ara a yetbee Zakaria di lxedma-yagi :

1- Ur ilaq ara a d-yebder ula d yiwen yisem deg usefru-nni.

2- D agdud weêdes i d asav. 3- Taggalit d akken a nidir d ilelliyen ne$

a nemmet.

19

Akk iwellihen agi sean azal d amuqran di lweqt-nni. Yessuter Abane i yal ileméi azzayri akken ad yelmed imse$ret agi. Annect agi yella-d deg yiwen wevris i yura Abane s timmad-is ass n umenzu n yebrir 1955. D avris agi i yevfer Zakaria asmi yura imse$ret nni. Asmi d-ye$li wevris agi ger ifassen iôumyen, wehmen s tektiwin nni, ur u$en ara tanumi s wannect-nni n tegzi d lefhama. Lmuziga n Qassaman ixdem-itt yiwen umaûri. Nnwan niqal as eiwden lmuziga asmi tefra. Ilaq yiwen wass imse$ret a$elnaw n Lezzayer at xedmen izzayriyen. Acku amse$ret a$elnaw d azamul n wegdud, a d-yas segs.

20

6

TIXUTERT TAMAZRAYT N WESWIR N LA SOUMMAM

Tecfam, nenna-d Abane yessawev a d-yejmee akk izzayriyen d ikabaren $ef tekti n timunent n tmurt. Deg weswir n LA SOUMMAM, yessawev Abane ad issexdem tiddukla-yagi n izzayriyen mgal amnekcem afransi. Iswiyen n weswir banen :

1- Tadukli ar yiwen wegraw n i$ella n temnavin.

2- Awali ar wanda tessawev tegrawla. 3- Asuddes n wagnan n uslelli a$elnaw

(ALN). 4- Asdukel n tenbaî n tegrawla. 5- Aguccel n ilugan n westag d Fransa.

Di te$zi n 20 n wussan, i$ella n tegrawla nnejmaeen u mmeslayen $ef liêala n tmurt deg yiwen wexxam deg umada$ n IGBAL, ar tama n Bgayet.

21

Yerna leeskeô n Fôansa yezzi-d i mkul tama. Maca tuddsa n weswir tgerrez maççi d kra u tella-d di lbavna. AMIROUCHE, yiwen u$ella amuqran n tmurt n Leqbayel, yelha-d d umestan n weswir s ufus n yemjuhad yellan yides. Ëedôen i wegraw agi i$ella-yagi :

1- Larbi Ben Mhidi, a$ella n temnaî n Wehran, aselway n weswir.

2- Abane Ramdane, a$ella aserti n FLN, amaray n weswir.

3- Ouamrane Amar, a$ella n temnaî n Lezzayer.

4- Krim Belkacem, a$ella n temnaî n Leqbayel.

5- Zirout Youcef, a$ella n ugafa n Qsentina.

6- Ben Tobbal Lakhdar, ameiwen n Zirout Youcef.

Ur êdiren ara : 1- Ben Boulaid Mostéfa, a$ella n Aures, yettwan$a uqbel aswir, ass n 27 me$res 1956. 2- Si Cherif, a$ella n wenéul n Lezzayer, iceyyee-ed ôôabul ines.

22

Setta (06) ieeggalen n uswir n La Soummam

23

Yella aîas umeslay ger wigi yakk iêedren deg weswir. Aîas n tenbavin i d-yeff$en seg weswir agi, qeblentent akk imeêdaô. Llant garasent ôebea atent i d-nebder dagi : Tanbaî tamezwarut : iswiyen n tegrawla ttubeggnen-d akkaen iwata deg ttaftar nni d-yeff$en deg weswir umi qaren “plate-forme de la Soummam”. Tanbaî tis snat : Agnan n Uslelli A$elnaw (ALN) xedmen-as yiwet n tuddsa i tikelt tamezwarut s isellumen d walugan n usali d tikli. Tanbaî tis tlata : Lezzayer tebva $ef 6 n temnavin umi qaren WILAYA. Mkul lwilaya s wuîîun ines, seg yiwen alama d setta (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 d 6), tettmetil yiwet n loiha n tmurt nne$ : tamnaî n les Aures, tamnaî n ugafa n Qsenîina, tamnaî n Leqbayel, tamnaî n temdint n Lezzayer, tamnaî n Wehôan d tamnaî n wenéul azzayri. Tanbaî tis ôebea : Ttwasbedden sin n yegmanen n tenbaî :

- C.C.E. : Anbaz n Tuqqna d Uselkem.

24

- C.N.R.A. : Aseqamu A$elnaw n Tegrawla Tazzayrit.

C.C.E. llan degs 5 n yegmamen :

1- Abane Ramdane 2- Ben Mhidi Larbi 3- Krim Belkacem 4- Benkhedda Ben Youcef 5- Dahleb Saâd.

Di xemsa yidsen ilaq ad ilin di temdint n Lezzayer. Lxuf n lmut ne$ n waêbas nnsen yezga. Xemsa ayagi i$ella imuqranen n tegrawla ilaq ad idiren di lbavna. Zzgan ttbeddilen ixxamen. Yal wa ur yeéri anda yella wemddakul-is. Ma ilaq ad myeéren iwakken ad frun kra n temsalt, ilaq a d-eeddin $ef umusebbel ar aten isemlilen. Ma yettwaîîef, ulac lxuf $ef i$ella-nni. C.N.R.A., netta, llan degs 34 n yegmamen. Yennejmae 4 n tikkal ger 1956 d 1962 beôôa n tmurt, di Maûer, di Libiya akk d Tunes.

25

Xemsa (05) ieeggalen n C.C.E.

26

Mbaed aswir n la Soummam, îrad yeoh-ed. Ula d agdud yedda-d s îîaqa akked d yemjuhad. Dagi i d-iban wazal n yergazen am Abane Ramdane d i$ella yellan yides. Tban-ed tmusni nnsen deg selêu n tegrawla. Akken ma llan i$ella n tegrawla êercen u snen, maca i$leb-iten yakk Abane Ramdane, yufrar-ed fellasen, iban-ed d a$ella n tidett, yezmer ad yessexdem l$aci u yessen aten yessexdem. Ifehhem s lem$awla u yal tamsalt yesea-yas tifrat-is. Amennu$ amuqran mgal iôumyen d winna n temdint n Lezzayer umi qaren “la bataille d’Alger”. Nnan-d d akken d Ben Mhidi i yeb$an ad yexdem yiwen usended amatu di Lezzayer. Asundded agi eewwlen-d a t bdun ass n 28 yennayer 1957, di te$zi n 8 n wussan. Yesea usunded agi 3 iswiyen :

1- Akraf n yal armud di tmurt n Lezzayer. 2- Abeggen belli agdud n Lezzayer yedda

d yemjuhad deg umennu$ nnsen mgal Fransa.

27

3- Asufe$ n temsalt n Lezzayer ar beôôa n tmurt iwakken ad slen yakk yis leonas.

Asunded yevra-d $as akken Fransa thegga-d i$allen-is iwakken att qeôôee annecten, abaeda di temdint n Lezzayer. Akk Izzayriyen nnan-d ih i wsiwel n CCE d Abane Ramdane : ixeddamen, imzenza, ifellaêen, inelmaden. Agnan n Fransa ieebbel-ed ad yeré asunded. Leesker n Jacques MASSU llin s-ddree tiêuna, bbin ixeddamen ar imevqan lxedma nnsen, nn$an u îîfen aîas n izzayriyen. Se$lin-d rrehba d lxuf deg ulawen n izzayriyen akken ma llan. Win îîfen, ur d-yettu$al ara. £as akka, kra n telmeéyin tizzayriyin rran-t-ed ttar n wegdud nnsent, sersen-t kra n lbumbat di kra n leqhawi d wannaren. Ur nezmir ara atent-id nebder yakk. Xemsa degsent u$alen-t d tasavin : Akrour Djouher, Bouazza Djamila, Hocine Baya, Kerfallah Zahia d Minne Danielle.

28

Deg-umennu$ agi n temdint n Lezzayer i ye$li s ôsas iôumyen Larbi Ben Mhidi. Yettwaêbes ass n 22 furar 1957 u yettwan$a ass n 3 me$res 1957. D annect-agi i yeooan imeddukal n Ben Mhidi di 4 yidsen ad rewlen si tmurt asmi ten-yebbev lexbaô belli yettwaîîef.

29

7 YIWEN IQUBEL MIYYA

Yeweeô aîas $ef Abane Ramdane iwakken ad yeffe$ si Lezzayer. Ye$li-d leêzen $ef ul-is. Aîas n izzayriyen i yemmuten, i yettwaîîfen $er lêebs. Ulac tawacult imeneen. Lmut n Ben Mhidi iêulfa-yas aîas Abane. Yella d ameddakel-is amuqran. Yir liêala yagi simmal tettkemmil $ef Abane. Di leemeô yemsefham netta d krim Belkacem. Garasen maççi kan d lêiv, am ayen yellan ger igenni d lqaea. Krim d argaz umennu$, ma d Abane iêemmel axemmem, tasertit. D tidett, Abane ismenyafi wid ye$ran. Ma yella yiwen ur ye$ri yara, iôuê am akken iêqer-it. Abane iteqqes s yiles-is. Ula d Krim ur yemnie ara segs.

30

Amer yettaf kullec ad igerrez. Ilaq ulac win ara i$elven di tegrawla. Annect-a iweeô a d-yili imi ulac argaz ur n$ellev ara. Mi yebbev ar Lmeôôuk, Abane yennu$ netta d yiwen u$ella amuqran nniven n tegrawla: Abdelhafidh Boussouf. Ilum-it $ef tlata n t$awsiwin :

- Tamezwarut, alluy s tem$awla n Boumedienne.

- Tis snat, acu$er i yejmee aîas n yedrimen n tegrawla $ures di Lmeôôuk, di lawan ideg ilaq a d-a$en yis leslaê.

- L’FLN n lmeôôuk ur yekcim ara aîas di tegrawla.

Boussouf ur d-yenni awal, ur s yerri ara i Abane. Maca yecfa-yas u a d-yerr ttar. Akka tura, Abane yesea sin yeedawen : Krim d Boussouf. Rrnu-d $ersen ar tagara Ben Tobbal Lakhdar, a$ella n ugafa n Qsenîina. Mi yebbev $er Tunes, mbaed mi d-ieedda $ef Lmeôôuk, Abane yufan liêala ur tessefôaê ara

31

s$ur i$ella n tegrawla yellan din. Yal wa yetteassa wa, ala tadduyin bbaygarasen. Krim, Ben Tobbal d Boussouf zzgan ttlummun di Abane. Kra qaren-as d keç i d sebba n webrir n asunded n 8 wussan. Ttun d akken maççi ala Abane weêdes i yellan deffir n temsalt agi maca llan di 5 yidsen. Yerna ur nezmir ara a d-nin d akken asunded agi ur isemres ara.

Wid d-yeggran di C.C.E. mbaed mi ff$en si Lezzayer di me$res 1957. Deg-zelmev ar yeffes : Ben Youcef Ben

Khedda, Saâd Dahleb, Abane Remdane d Krim Belkacem.

32

Wiyav qaren-d $ef Abane belli netta di tidett d acengu n tegrawla. Annect-a iban, d tikerkas, imi win yesean imjuhad deffires maççi d Abane maca d Krim, Boussouf d Ben Tobbal. Di tidett, ayagi yakk yekka-d si tismin d tayri n udabu d umennu$ ger i$ella anwa ar a d-yekken s nnig wiyav, am akken tveôôu di yal tamurt, di yal tagrawla. Xedmen kullec iwakken a t eezlen. Ggullen deg win ar a s-immeslayen ula d awal. Ar tagara, udin -as tfxett. Sutren degs ad iôuê ar Lmeôôuk iwakken ad yefru yiwet n temsalt i d-yevran ger leeskeô n Lezzayer d leesker n Lmeôôuk. Abane ilaq-as ad yemlil d ugellid n Maruk iwakken ad yefru taluft agi. Netta yu$ lêal ttafxett. Iruô netta d Krim d Mahmoud Cherif, yiwen u$ella n Aures, deg yiwet n tnafagt. Yufan Boussouf yettraju-ten di Lmeôôuk. Dinna it-nn$an ass n 27 décembre 1957.

33

- Ayagi d tadyant tamuqrant n tegrawla tazzayrit.

- D ass-is aberkan. - Amezruy d awez$i a t yettu. - Ur ilaq ara azzayri ad yen$ gma-s

azzayri !

34

8 AR TAGARA

D NETTA I D BAB N TIMUNENT

Ma nenna-d d akken Abane Ramdane d netta i d bab n timunent, nesea ttbut $ef ayagi. Yerna d ttbut iûeêêan. Tamezwarut, d netta, weêdes, i yessawven a d-yejmee, ad yessemlil izzayriyen d ikabaren isertiyen n lweqt-nni d i$ella nnsen iwakken ad nna$en $ef tmunent n tmurt. Ulac win yessawven ad yexdem ayen yexdem Abane. S kra n umennu$ d yevran si 1830 ur yebbiv ara ar yeswi acku i$ella n lawan-nni, $as akken sean tissas, ur dduklen ara. D tagi i d tamsirt tamenzut : amgared yellan ger tagrawla n 1954 d tuyav d-yellan uqbel-is, mi ar a yeddukel wegdud, ad yawev $er yeswi-s, akken yeb$u yi$zif umecwar. D tadukli i d lsas n yal ta$awsa. Sebba tis sant is-yella Abane Ramdane d bab n timunent, d netta id-yessbedden tuddsiwin d yenbazen $ef i tsenned tegrawla.

35

Mektit-ed d akken tuddsiwin agi qaren-asent CCE d CNRA $ef id-nemmeslay deg yixef wis 7. Tuddsa tekka-d s-nnig n wemdan, tessemlal daxel-is aîas n yemdanen -– d irgazen d tulawin -– i yzemren ad xemmen lwaêid, ad mmeslayen $ef webrid ar awin iwakken ad ssiwven $er yeswi nnsen. D tagi i d tamsirt tis snat i ylaq ad-neîîef wa neêrez : tamlilt n Abane Ramdane di îrad n timunent. Ar tagara, akken yeb$u yeccev Abane Ramdane, maca ad yeqqim d winna i yneoren abrid i wegdud azzayri iwakken a d-yessukes timunent-is, mbaed yiwen n îrad annect-ilat anda azal n umelyun d nnefû ime$rasen d time$rasin ye$lin i tlelli n wegdud.

Lezzayer, yulyu 1998. Khalfa MAMERI

36

AMAWAL GLOSSAIRE A$ella : Chef A$elnaéri : Nationaliste Abugaîu : Avocat Acengu : Ennemi Acku : parce que Agama : nature Agdud : Peuple Agzul : Résumé Akabar : Parti Akayad : Examen Ama$zal : volontaire Ame$nas : Militant Ameêbus aserti : Prisonnier politique Amegzu : Intelligent Amejjay : Médecin Amekla : peintre Amezduklan : Communiste Amezruy : Histoire Amsebbel : Agent de liaison Analak : Triomphe Asa$en Liaison Asunded : Grève Aswir : Congrés Aswir : Niveau

37

I$ella : Chefs I$elnaériyen : Nationalistes Igen : Armée Igmamen : Membres Imexva : Rares Imres : Applique Imse$ret a$elnaw : Hymne national Inbazen : Collectifs Initen : Couleur Inmuzal : Adjoints Iserdasen : soldats Öôabul : Rapport Ta$erma : Civilisation Tafelwit : tableau Tahuski : beauté Taklut : peinture Tamsirt : Leçon Tamsulta : Police Tanbaî : Décision Tanga : matière Tangawin : matières Tasdawit : Université Tasehrest : colonialisme Tasemhuyt : Saison Tasertit : Politique Tigawin : Actions Timunent : Indépendance

38

Tinbavin : Décisions Tirmi : Expérience Tixutaô : Importantes Tizmilin : Notes Tuddsa : Organisation Tuddsiwin : Organisations Tusnakt : Mathématiques Tusnawit : Lycée Ul$u : Proclamation

39

Massa Abane Remdane (Izza) d mmi-s Hassan yemmuten ass n 27/07/1990 di Lezzayer.