№1 თბილისი - Tbilisi 2010
№1
თბილისი - Tbilisi
2010
-
ზაურ ამილახვარი
- -
Zaur Amlaikhvari
ზუხრა მაცაბერიძე Zukhra Matsaberidze
კახაბერ ერაძე
ბადრი სალუქვაძე
აპოლონ გადელია
ელენე ჩიქოვანი
ეთერ კაკულია
აზიკო სისვაძე
ლალი ფირცხალაიშვილი
ბესიკ ჯობავა
ლევან ბოცვაძე
ვაჟა გურგენიძე
ტატიანა წილოსანი
მურად კემულარია
გიორგი ლორია
გურამ ივანიშვილი
ალექსანდრე გიორგიძე
ნინო გადელია
ნუგზარ ხუჭუა
დევი შონია
მერაბ ზედგინიძე
ბადრი მეჩეხია
გიორგი ივანიშვილი
როლანდ კოპალიანი
ოლეგ მელაძე
ვალერი სუხიშვილი
ჯემალ გახოკიძე
გივი ლობჟანიძე
ზვიად როგავა
ჯონ გრაციანო (აშშ)
ოკტაი იაზიჯი (თურქეთი)
ელდარ ისმაილოვი (აზერბაიჯანი)
გრიშა მესხი (რუსეთი)
ალექსანდრე პავლოვი (რუსეთი)
რობერტ მინასიანი (სომხეთი)
Kakhaber Eradze
Badri Salukvadze
Apolon Gadelia
Elene Chikovani
Eter Kakulia,
Aziko Sisvadze
Lali Pirtskalaishvili
Besik Jobava
Levan Botsvadze
Vaja Gurgenidze
Tatiana Tsilosani
Murad Kemularia
George Loria
Guram Ivanishvili
Alexander Giorgidze
Nino Gadelia
Nugzar Khuchua
Devi Shonia
Merab Zedgenidze
Badri Mechekhia
George Ivaniashvi
Roland Kopaliani
Oleg Meladze
Valeri Sukhishvili
Jemal Gakhokidze
Givi Lobzhanidze
Zviad Rogava
John Graziano (USA)
Oktai laziji (Turkey)
Eldar Ismailov (Azerbaijan)
Grisha Meskhi (Russia)
Alexander Mavlov (Russia)
Robert Minasian (Armenia)
ISSN 1987-9067
................................................................................................................................
სახელმწიფოს ფისკალური ურთიერთობების რეგულირების სამართლებრივი
სისტემის სრულყოფის აქტუალური ასპექტები. ........................ 5
ბინის ან სხვა მფლობელობის ხელშეუხებლობის დარღვევა ადამიანის
კონსტიტუციური უფლების ხელყოფაა. .................................... 16
საქართველოს სახელმწიფოსა და ეკლესიის ურთიერთობათა სამართლებრივი
რეგულირება. ................................................................................ 27
შემთხვევის ადგილის დათვალიერების შესაძლებლობათა გამოყენება
ორგანიზებული ჯგუფის მიერ დანაშაულის ჩადენის ფაქტის დადგენისთვის.
............................................................................................................ 32
უშუალო მმართველობის ძირითადი პარადიგმები. ............ 36
საზღვარგარეთის ქვეყნების საგადასახადო სისტემები. .... 53
პოლიტიკური მონაწილეობა საქართველოს მაგალითზე და მისი
სამართლებრივი რეგლამენტაციის ფარგლები. ...................... 58
............................................................................................................
განვითარებული ქვეყნების საგადასახადო სისტემათა თავისებურებანი.
......................................................................................................................... 67
საგარეო ვაჭრობის ისტორიული მიმოხილვა. ..................... 72
საუნივერსიტეტო განათლების შემდგომი დასაქმების პრობლემები
საქართველოში. ..................................................................................... 82
ეკონომიკური თეორია რევოლუციურ ცვლილებათა გზაჯვარედინზე.
................................................................................................................................ 91
საკადრო პროცესების მართვა გარდამავალი პერიოდის ეკონომიკის
საქართველოში. .................................................................................. 99
НЕКОТОРЫЕ СУЖДЕНИЯ О МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫХ ЮРИДИЧЕСКИ-
НОРМАТИВНЫХ ОСНОВАХ ПЕРЕДВИЖЕНИЯ ИНВЕСТИЦИЙ. Исмайылов
Ариф Халил оглы ............................................................................................................. 109
.................................................................................................................................
პოლიტიკური კონფლიქტების სტრუქტურა და ძირითადი ფორმები.
......................................................................................................................... 113
ექსპორტ-იმპორტის რეგულირების სატარიფო და არასატარიფო ღონისძიებების
საერთაშორისო მექანიზმები და მისი მარეგულირებელი ეროვნული
სამართლებრივი სისტემის სრულყოფის საკითხები. ....... 120
ЭВОЛЮЦИЯ ПОЛИТИЧЕСКОЙ НАУКИ В УНИВЕРСИТЕТАХ США. Важа
Гургенидзе ........................................................................................................................ 130
ВЛИЯНИЕ РАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ КРУТЯЩЕГО МОМЕНТА МЕЖДУ ВАЛОМ
ОТБОРА МОЩНОСТИ И ДВИЖИТЕЛЯМИ ТРАКТОРА НА ТЕХНИКО-
ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ МАШИННО-ТРАКТОРНОГО АГРЕГАТА.
Джумбер Надирашвили Роман Цхварадзе ................................................................ 140
სატრანსპორტო-ლოგისტიკური კომპლექსების ეფექტურობის შეფასებით
ზოგიერთი საკითხი.
............................................................................................................................................ 149
ზაურ ამილახვარი
იურიდიულ მეცნიერებათა დოქტორი, საქართველოს საერთაშორისო
ურთიერთობათა უნივერსიტეტის სრული პროფესორი
The article, discusses legal norms of Georgia regulating fiscal relationships, mistakes
committed during elaboration process, which negatively influenced further development
of fair legal system of country.
After analyzing tax and customs legislation, also legal norms regulating amount of
fees for services provided by legal entities of public law, various proposals and
recommendations for their improvement are provided.
According to author's advices and arguments, to provide legislative control function
to constitutional court, also to give any individuals right for appealing any courts decisions
in constitutional court, will push and positively stimulate of states fair improvement.
ბადრი სალუქვაძე
იურიდიულ მეცნიერებათა დოქტორი, „საქართველოს საერთაშორისო
ურთიერთობათა უნივერსიტეტის სრული პროფესორი
The subject matter of the article is observing the rights of man. We make an attempt
to discuss one of the common violations of human rights such as dissolving agreement on
private property (Law Code of Georgia, article 160). There is a necessity to make an
appropriate statement of the article and define the disposition of legal norms on the basis
of analysis and conclusion. We assume that the term „and some other actions“ increases the
possibility of the right violation.
In the research work we draw a parallel with the analogous legal norms of some other
countries and that matter arouses academic interest in this particular case. In the article we
are also looking over various critical and urgent investigative actions when the right to
property of a man is limited on legitimate basis. It is obvious that we observe the right
violations that have become a common occurrence in Georgia.
In conclusion, it should be mentioned that legal framework needs to be perfected and
the government should provide constant regulatory developments.
მირანდა გურგენიძე
დოქტორის ხარისხის მაძიებელი
The presented article "about Georgian Church and State relation“ is connected to the
dependency between Georgian State and Orthodoxy Church, as in historical also in modern
section. In view religion in Georgian history expressed by Georgian Orthodoxy Church has
played a big role in forming and developing of Georgian State.
The base of Georgian Church and State relation is presenting the constitution
agreement (concordat) of 14h October of 2002.
In the presenting article by the author is given also detail law analyze of constitution
agreement (concordant).
გურამ ივანიშვილი
იურიდიულ მეცნიერებათა დოქტორი, საქართველოს საერთაშორისო
ურთიერთობათა უნივერსიტეტის სრული პროფესორი
As a rule, about the crime committed by group indicate finger-prints, left by different
persons, also footprints, rests of smokined cigarettes, coloured sings (by lip-stick) on wine
or tea-cups, rests of food, also traces after carrying of heavy things, way of committing of a
murder, changes at the place of crime and etc.
მამუკა მათიაშვილი
დოქტორის ხარისხის მაძიებელი
The report provides the information about such an important institution and
function, as the dairect democracy and referendum. The discussion refers to the
preconditions of beginning of direct democracy and its development. The existence of the
Direct Democracy and its functioning is one of the necessary factors for development of
the Democracy. In its essence, direct democracy is so significant that it even can be
estimated as one of the main directions of the execution of power of people.
However, the extent of the referendum varies in each of them, being substantially
depended on country regulative system in-force. For considering the scales of diferency
betwin above mentioned regulations we will provide full information about the
referendums, its implementation and nature. The level of the direct governancy of the
people estimated as an indicator of country's democratism.
სალომე კუპრაშვილი
დოქტორის ხარისხის მაძიებელი
There is long-time history of the payments existence and development. Payment is
always considered the state development and preservation. Completing of the payment
systems is linked with the getting strength of the role and function where the payment is
one of the economic principles.
In that way, payment is fundamental point of state development. In general, payment
is budget's duty, unpledged money fee that is paid by payer according necessary, non-
equivalent and non-purchased character. Here is proved one of the famous Franklin's
phrases „In life everything is unpredictable except death and payments“.
Paymental liberal politick offers increase of economic activity, widespread of
business, activation of infestations that gets fast the rates of economic increase. Strict
economic politick means high paymental sections and minimal bates. World Bank annual
survey showed that the most difficult paymental system is in Ukraine and Belarus.
According the survey, Georgia is on 102 places among other 178 countries. The least
paymental bate is 8,4% in island country Vatsuatushi. Leader of the tourism rating is lovely
Maldives.
For the modern country is important the completing of the paymental system which
is considered in the existence of the differential payments.
თამაზ ურთმელიძე
ბოლნისის რაიონული სასამართლოს მოსამართლე, დოქტორის ხარისხის
მაძიებელი
The aim of presented scientist article is to characterize the peculiarity political
participate of citizenship, their forms, must be definition traditional and not traditional
political participate forms and their roles on the political process. The aim of article is, also
learning the Georgian legislation on that side what kind of role is imposed to the society
and with what kind rules are providing their members during the authority decision getting
process.
დავით ჯალაღონია
ეკონომიკის მეცნიერებათა დოქტორი
In the work, there are discussed the peculiarities of tax systems applicable in
developed countries, there are presented the tax reforms made in developed countries
(USA, England, France, Germany) and their concrete results. There are researched them
sorts of taking out of taxes in there countries. There are analyzed the sorts of tax applicable
in developed countries and their place in the formation of fulfilling of the budget of these
countries. There is given the system of federal and parallel using of taxes characteristic for
USA tax system. Profit tax of corporations used in developed countries is greatly
emphasized in the work, the rates of which are differed according to annual incomes. Tax
of Joint-Stock Company applicable in France in also worthwhile to notice, the size of rate
of tax which depends on the trend of using the profit. In the work, there are analyzed the
results of tax reforms made in all over the developed countries and those two tendencies,
according to which one group of states is emphasized on reforms of direct taxes and the
other group, which is emphasized on the importance of non direct taxes.
პაატა ცაგარეიშვილი
დოქტორის ხარისხის მაძიებელი
On development matter of world economy many factors had an influence. Some
result of facts was positively reflected on its development, some caused its stoppage.
Especially, factors that had an possitive influence on foreign trade is following:
• Great geographic descoveries of middle ages;
• Independence day of USA (1776);
• Industrial Revolution in Britain (1760-1850);
• General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT, 1948);
• Today's foreign trade picture (electonic trade).
On development of foreign trade had negative influence the following factors:
• I world war (1914-1918);
• II world war (1939-1945);
• Socialist system.
If we drow a parallel between going processes in Georgia and other experienced
subjects of foreign trade we'll see sufficiently interesting image.
კახაბერ ერაძე
ეკონომიკის დოქტორი, სრული პროფესორი, საქართველოს საერთაშორისო
ურთიერთობათა უნივერსიტეტი
University education represents an important mechanism of providing the economy
with qualified labor force. Economic Development of any country is impossible without
qualified labor. To manage existing problems, opinion of students at the university level
should be taken into consideration. Social research recently carried by the UIRG shows,
that student's opinion about post graduate employment is controversial. Education system
is not a separate branch of countries functioning, but it has a tight connection with its
economic development. In order to serve economic development of Georgia, complex
measures have to be planned. Particularly:
• Government have to make guarantees of stability and protection of private
business;
• Tight contacts have to be established among universities and future
employers. Curriculums have to be designed considering business needs and
practical components have to be included into it.
• Fair and transparent mechanisms of internship and employment have to be
established by civil service and private businesses;
• Special conditions for economic development of regions have to be
introduced. Social conditions have to be improved and process of
decentralization has to be deepened.
Financing of education has to become a correct investment into economic
development of Georgia and country has to benefit from it.
აზიკო სისვაძე
ეკონომიკის დოქტორი, სრული პროფესორი, საქართველოს საერთაშორისო
ურთიერთობათა უნივერსიტეტი
One of the most important peculiarities of modern global economy is moving
countries to super industrial economy, which will be absolutely different from modern
understanding. These processes should adequately be reflected into economic science and
the name of this field of science also needs to be clarified.
The term of Economic Theory means that we study a specific theory form, which
actually does not exist. So this field of studies has to me named Theory of Economics, but
as far as it is a basic for other fields of economy, it should be named as Basic Theory of
Economics.
In the universities of Georgia, groundless process of expulsion of Theory of Economics
and its alternation with Economics or so called Principles of Economics has started.
Economics studies economy from practical point of view, and Principles of Economic from
normative point of view. This is impossible without complex studying objective
relationships. Only Basic Theory of Economics has capacity to conduct complex research
of economy.
Idealization of the textbook of Gregory Mankiw, Principles of Economics is not fair
without critical evaluation of this work, because the principles laying basics for this
textbook in fact are not principles and are not so fundamental, to serve as a basics of
Economic Science.
ელენე ჩიქოვანი
ეკონომიკის აკადემიური დოქტორი, სრული პროფესორი
Article evaluates tendencies in the field of employment and unemployment in
transitional economy of Georgia. Analysis mechanisms of regulation human recourse
management processes, institutional frameworks, legislation base, infrastructure, program
measures for the employment of unemployed, measures conducted for the training and
retraining of the staff and rising in qualification, tendencies established in labor
remuneration and compensation system, priorities defined in human resource management
processes. Article emphases approaches and experience used in foreign countries, main
leading principles and ways for the solving of problems.
НЕКОТОРЫЕ СУЖДЕНИЯ О МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫХ ЮРИДИЧЕСКИ-
НОРМАТИВНЫХ ОСНОВАХ ПЕРЕДВИЖЕНИЯ ИНВЕСТИЦИЙ
Исмайылов Ариф Халил оглы
Бакинский Государственный Университет Диссертант
As it is known the investment process is regulated by law. It is of current importance
to study it both in respect to legal basis and legislation. The actuality of this theme appears
when it is talked about expanding and enlargement of international investment. The goal
of this article is to learn mutual relations of international law and investment process.
ნინო წერეთელი
დოქტორის ხარისხის მაძიებელი
Conflict represents one of the spread forms for political climate changes. Reasons of
conflict establishments could be different factors, in particular: different ideas between
societies, social and material conditions, mass catastrophes, counties different diplomatic
courses and etc.
Mainly it is very important, parties involved in political conflict to try resolving the
situation peacefully and in constructive manner. It is also essential for parties to be ready
for dialogue and solving the problem with diplomatic way. They should try to forget
aggression, to have peaceful resolution of raised conflict, so all the nations and society could
live in peaceful atmosphere.
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ლაშა ცაგარეიშვილი
დოქტორის ხარისხის მაძიებელი
Positive balance of foreign trade (difference of import and export betweent common
values) is in direct proportional dependence to its economic development. Questionable is
not the fact, that corresponding national legal environment have an influence on
development of national production and country's export potential. During the time, in
international legal practice has established the mechanisms, that gives countries possibility
to "manage“ the flows of export-import. These mechanisms can be grouped in the following
way:
• Tariff events:
o Customs tariff;
o Tariff quota.
• Non-tariff events:
o Assignment of quotas;
o Licensing;
o „Voluntarily" limitation of export;
o Technical and administrative barriers;
o Request of contains of local components;
o State purchases;
o Internal taxes and dues;
o Subsidies;
o Crediting;
o Damping
With those legal instruments countries can limit import-export of separate goods or
promotion. In Georgia national legal system if the meaning of mentioned mechanisms of
foreigh trade regulation will be provided more, an influance of corresponding normative
acts will be more effective in the heighten issue of economic prosperity of the country.
ЭВОЛЮЦИЯ ПОЛИТИЧЕСКОЙ НАУКИ В УНИВЕРСИТЕТАХ США
Важа Гургенидзе
доктор политических наук, профессор
The political science, as an independent academic discipline, has been formed at the
USA earlier than in other countries. From the very first steps, the science was developed
by the high professionalism. In the USA, the political science was distinguished with the
fundamental empirical nature and was generally concentrated with in the Universities.
The first stage of the development of the political science in the USA was launched
in the fourth quarter of XIX century. The main peculiar feature of this stage was the historic
nature of the political science.
Since the beginning of the XX century, in parallel with formation of the philosophy
of pragmatism, the new era began and the preference was given to the empirical research.
For 20-ies of XX century, the sociological and social physiological analysis gained
popularity in the political sciences. The new methodological orientation is connected with
the name of Ch. Merime and G. Lasuel.
In the first half of XX century, the first behaviorist researches were developed
(Bentle, Hersing, Odegard, Elmar, etc.). In the later period, the so-called „Post-Behaviorist“
enjoyed wide popularity.
Today, the US political science is mainly based on the political system and applies the
empirical researches.
ВЛИЯНИЕ РАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ КРУТЯЩЕГО МОМЕНТА МЕЖДУ
ВАЛОМ ОТБОРА МОЩНОСТИ И ДВИЖИТЕЛЯМИ ТРАКТОРА НА
ТЕХНИКО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ МАШИННО-
ТРАКТОРНОГО АГРЕГАТА
Джумбер Надирашвили, Роман Цхварадзе
Optimization of the admissible and optimal modes of operation of mashine – tractor
assembly, by rationale distribution of load on the regulator and corrector brenches of
tractor engine.
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ლ. ბოცვაძე
საქართველოს საერთაშორისო ურთიერთობათა უნივერსიტეტი ტექნ.
მეცნიერებათა დოქტორი, სრული პროფესორი
კ. ერაძე
საქართველოს საერთაშორისო ურთიერთობათა უნივერსიტეტი. ეკონომიკის
დოქტორი, სრული პროფესორი,
ვ. ბოცვაძე
საქართველოს დავით აღმაშენებლის სახელობის უნივერსიტეტი
მაგისტრანტი
ე. ნაზინიანი, მ. ივანოვა
საქართველოს ტექნიკური უნივერსიტეტი მაგისტრანტი
In the article authors discuss problems of methods of transport and logistical systems
effectiveness evaluation by the minimum of integral expenses. Procedures of optimization
of such systems in market economy system are provided. It also describes methods of
separate components of optimum criteria for any types of warehousing enterprises. On the
basis of logistical approach and general expenditure concepts, methods of evaluation of
integral effect's components in container-packaging transportation for separate objects and
in the chain „sender-terminal- magisterial transport-terminal-receiver“.