07.11.14 suekane JAEA-IAEA 1 A Trial of Neutrino Detection from Joyo Fast Research Reactor F.Suekane Research Center for Neutrino Science Tohoku University [email protected]JAEA-IAEA Workshop on Advanced Safeguards Technology for the Future Nuclear Fuel Cycle 13-16 November 2007, Tokai-mura, Ibaraki, Japan
23
Embed
A Trial of Neutrino Detection from Joyo Fast Research · PDF file · 2007-11-14A Trial of Neutrino Detection from Joyo Fast Research Reactor ... The # of produced ν is proportional
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
07.11.14 suekane JAEA-IAEA 1
A Trial of Neutrino Detection from Joyo Fast Research Reactor
JAEA-IAEA Workshop on Advanced Safeguards Technology for the Future Nuclear Fuel Cycle
13-16 November 2007, Tokai-mura, Ibaraki, Japan
07.11.14 suekane JAEA-IAEA 2
Collaborating Institutes and Gratitude
Tohoku Univ., Kobe Univ., Tokyo Inst. of Tech., KEK, Niigata Univ., Hiroshima Inst. of Tech.Tokyo Metropolitan Univ., Miyagi Univ. of EducationTohoku Gakuin Univ., and JAEA O-arai Reseach and Development Center.
This work has been supported by grants in aid for the scientific research,
by Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology.
07.11.14 suekane JAEA-IAEA 3
What is neutrino(ν)?
!"
#$%&
'$$()&
*+
,-./"
01
23
2!1020456
2!1038456
6!10554
6.6!101045s/cm2
2!1016456
2!1024456
789:;<=>?@ABCDBE
the sun
Super Nova
Nuclear Reactor
Cosmic-ray hitting Atmosphere
the earth
ν is an elementary particle which is produced in nuclear reactions.ν is the 2nd most abundant particle in the universe (next to the photon). We are living in ν sea.
07.11.14 suekane JAEA-IAEA 4
Nuclear Reactor Produces a huge number of ν
~6ν's are produced per fission
~ 6 !1020" e/ s / reactor
n U235
U236*
n n
Zr94140
Cs
I140
Te140
Xe140
Rb94
Sr94
Y94
e-
e-
e-
e-
e-
e-
νe
νe
νe
νe
νe
νe
Reactor ν's are produced in β-decays of fission products.
An example of β-decay chain
Chooz data
ν energy spectrum
6% of fission energy is carried away by neutrinos.
07.11.14 suekane JAEA-IAEA 5
ν for SafeguardsNuclear reactor produces a huge huge # of (~1021/s) ν's <= ν carries direct information of nuclear fuel.
The # of produced ν is proportional to the thermal power. <= ν may be used as a power monitor.
The energy spectrum and # of ν depends on fuel component. <= ν may be used as real time Pu monitor.
ν is impossible to stop. <= ν can not be hidden.
Nuclear explosion also produces a huge huge # of ν's instantaneously. <= ν may be used as nuclear testing monitor.
07.11.14 suekane JAEA-IAEA 6
ν for SafeguardsNuclear reactor produces a huge huge # of (~1021/s) ν's <= ν carries direct information of nuclear fuel.
The # of produced ν is proportional to the thermal power. <= ν may be used as a power monitor.
The energy spectrum and # of ν depends on fuel component. <= ν may be used as real time Pu monitor.
ν is impossible to stop. <= ν can not be hidden.
Nuclear explosion also produces a huge huge # of ν's instantaneously. <= ν may be used as nuclear testing monitor.
However, it is extremely difficult to detect ν
and such application has not been realized yet.
ν detection technique has progressed much recently in the field of elementary particle physics.
<= Now it may be the time to seriously think about its possibility.
07.11.14 suekane JAEA-IAEA 7
How to measure Pu/U ratio by ν
!
Pth = q nU + nPu( )
N" = anU +bnPu
# $ %
!
nPu
nU=1" ar
br "1; r =
Pth
qN#
0
5
10
15
20
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
E!(MeV)
#ev
ent/
MeV
/GW
th/1
030 p
roto
n/d
ay
@ 1
km
235U
239Pu
a
b
nU, nPu: Fission rate of U and Puq: Energy release per fission (~200MeV)Pth: Thermal powerNν: # of νa, b: # of ν generation per U, Pu fission (a/b~1.5)
(simplified discussion)
07.11.14 suekane JAEA-IAEA 8
Activity of ν physicists.
1st: Feb. 5-7, 2004 @Univ. of Hawaii, USA2nd: Dec.14-16, 2005 @Univ. of Hawaii, USA3rd: Sept.24-26, 2006 @ Laurence Livermore National Lab., USA
And 4th: Dec. 23-24, 2007 @ Saclay, France
= Applied Antineutrino Physics Workshops =
Next Slide
07.11.14 suekane JAEA-IAEA 9
ν detection from San-Onofre Nuclear Reactor
San-OnofreNuclear Reactor
Burn-up effect=> Change of U/Pu ratio
FromN.S.Bowden et al. N.I.Meth.A572:985-998,2007& Talk slide from AAP2006
07.11.14 suekane JAEA-IAEA 10
!
P
L2"
observed ν rate
KamLAND experiment (JAPAN); ν detection from reactors180km away
ν target=1kton of liquid scintillator
07.11.14 suekane JAEA-IAEA 11
How ν is detected
p
e+
nν
scintillation light
positron
!"
#$$$%&
'()*
Reaction probability=10−18%with 1ton of scintillator.
neutirno
Photomultiplier(photo sensor)
Chemical component of scintillator ~ CxHyOz
!
" + p# e+
+ n
07.11.14 suekane JAEA-IAEA 12
KASKA Experimentν detectorν detectorν detector
Kashiwazaki-Kariwa Nuclear Power Station
ν detector
ΣP=24.3GWth(world's highest Power)
R&D 2003-2006
Purpose is to detect the last neutrino oscillationand measure mixing angle θ13
07.11.14 suekane JAEA-IAEA 13
KASKA Prototype:for ν Detector R&D
in Tohoku Univ.
07.11.14 suekane JAEA-IAEA 14
Prototype@Joyo(JAEA) research reactor
!"#$%&'
()*+, ()-.,
/0123
4567
89:;<=>?@A
BCDE*+'
F9:;<=>?@ABGHIJ1
!"#KL
!"#MNKL
!"#&'
#O
PQR4567
STU>?VW-'
>2JXYZU[U\
Fast Reactor (Pu rich)Pth=140MWFrequent ON/OFFL~25m~150 νp−>e+n reaction/day
KASKA Prototype
25m
07.11.14 suekane JAEA-IAEA 15
Why Joyo?
* Practical Reason:Research Reactor is easier to access.
* Scientific Interest: ν from fast reactor has not been measured. * Technological Interest ν spectum from U and Pu can be measured separately by combining with the data from Light Water Reactor
However, the thermal power is small (1/20 of San-Onofre) and it is
challenging to detect ν at Joyo.
U
Pu#
of ν
# of
νU
LWR
Fast Reactor
Pu
Measured
Not measured
(Does not scale)
07.11.14 suekane JAEA-IAEA 16
Prototype@Joyo research reactor
Not to scale
0.05% Gd Liquid Scintillator (900L)
Lead Shields
Cosmic-ray anti-counters
Light shield
Paraffin Blocks
N2
* 0.05% Gd LS(10%BC521+15%PC+75%isoParaffin oil)* Lead shield,* Cosmic-ray anti counter* Paraffin Blocks* n/γ pulse shape discrimination(PSD)
More Statistics,Pusle Shape neutron-e+ separation,Better Fiducial cuts,Use Timing inforamtion, :
07.11.14 suekane JAEA-IAEA 23
Summary
*In this talk, our effort to detect ν from Joyo research reactor was presented. * There are similar activities in worldwide and this kind of ν detector may be able to be used as a monitor of nuclear reactor operation in the future.