A Tour of SWING

8/7/2019 A Tour of SWING

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A Tour of SWINGA Tour of SWING

Prepared by:- Fahad Kharadi


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What is SwingWhat is Swing

Present in all modern Java implementationsPresent in all modern Java implementations(since 1.2)(since 1.2)

Swing is a set of classes that provides more

powerful and flexible components.Gives a choice of look and feel packages.Gives a choice of look and feel packages.Much easier to build an attractive GUI.Much easier to build an attractive GUI. import javax.swing.*;import javax.swing.*;

import javax.swing.event.*;import javax.swing.event.*;


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Swing vs. AWTSwing vs. AWT

Swing is built on top of AWT, so you need to importSwing is built on top of AWT, so you need to importAWT and use a few things from itAWT and use a few things from it

Swing is bigger and slowerSwing is bigger and slower

Swing is more flexible and better lookingSwing is more flexible and better looking Swing and AWT areSwing and AWT are incompatibleincompatible--you can use either,--you can use either,

but you cant mix thembut you cant mix them Actually, you can, but its tricky and not worth doingActually, you can, but its tricky and not worth doing

Basic controls are practically the same in bothBasic controls are practically the same in both

AWT:AWT: Button b = new Button ("OK");Button b = new Button ("OK"); Swing:Swing: JButton b = new JButton("OK");JButton b = new JButton("OK");

Swing givesSwing gives far morefar more options for everything (buttonsoptions for everything (buttonswith pictures on them, etc.)with pictures on them, etc.)


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Applet vs. ApplicationApplet vs. Application

Using Swing it is possible to create two different

types of GUI programs Standalone applications

Programs that are started from the command line Code resides on the machine on which they are run

Applets Programs run inside a web browser

Code is downloaded from a web server

JVM is contained inside the web browser

For security purposes Applets are normally prevented from

doing certain things (for example opening files).


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Containerontainers ands and ComponentComponentss

A GUI is built by puttingA GUI is built by putting componentscomponents intointo containerscontainers The job of aThe job of a ContainerContainer is to hold and displayis to hold and display ComponentComponentss

Some frequently used types (subclasses) ofSome frequently used types (subclasses) ofComponentComponent areare

JButtonJButton,, JCheckboxJCheckbox,, JLabelJLabel,, JTextFieldJTextField, and, andJTextAreaJTextArea

AA ContainerContainer is also ais also a ComponentComponent This allows Containers to be nestedThis allows Containers to be nested

ImportantImportant ContainerContainer classes areclasses are JFrameJFrame,, JAppletJApplet, and, and JPanelJPanel JFrameJFrame andand JAppletJApplet both contain other containers; useboth contain other containers; use

getContentPane()getContentPane() to get to the container you wantto get to the container you want You typically create and useYou typically create and use JPanelJPanels directlys directly


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Starting with aStarting with a ContainerContainer

First, import some packages:First, import some packages: import javax.swing.*;import javax.swing.*;

import javax.swing.event.*;import javax.swing.event.*;import java.awt.*;import java.awt.*;import java.awt.event.*;import java.awt.event.*;

Second, extend a Container type:Second, extend a Container type: For an application, extendFor an application, extend JFrameJFrame

public class MyClass extends JFrame { ... }public class MyClass extends JFrame { ... } For an applet, extendFor an applet, extend JAppletJApplet

public class MyApplet extends JApplet { ... }public class MyApplet extends JApplet { ... }

Neither of these returns a Container that you useNeither of these returns a Container that you usedirectly; instead,directly; instead,

BothBoth JFrameJFrame andand JAppletJApplet have ahave a getContentPane()getContentPane()method that returns amethod that returns a ContainerContainer you can use:you can use: getContentPane( )getContentPane( )


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Example: A "Life" appletExample: A "Life" applet

Container (Applet)

Containers (Panels)

Component (Canvas)

Components (Buttons)

Components (Labels)

Components (TextFields)


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ome types of componentsome types of components

Label Button

Button

Checkbox

Choice

ListTextField

CheckboxGroupCheckbox

Scrollbar

TextArea


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wing Component Classeswing Component Classes

CLASSCLASS DESCRIPTIONDESCRIPTION

AbstractButton Abstract superclass for Swingbuttons.

ButtonGroup Encapsulates a mutually exclusiveset of buttons.

ImageIcon Encapsulates an icon

JApplet The Swing version of Applet.JButton The Swing push button class

JCheckBox The Swing check box class.

JLabel The Swing version of a label.


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JComboBox Encapsulates a combo box

JRadioButton The Swing version of a radio

button.JScrollPane Encapsulates a scrollable window.

JTabbedPane Encapsulates a tabbed window.JTable Encapsulates a table-based

control.

JTextField The Swing version of a text field

-


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Creating componentsCreating components

JLabel lab = new JLabel ("Hi, Dave!");JLabel lab = new JLabel ("Hi, Dave!");

JButton but = new JButton ("Click me!");JButton but = new JButton ("Click me!");

JCheckBox toggle = new JCheckBox ("toggle");JCheckBox toggle = new JCheckBox ("toggle"); JTextField txt =JTextField txt =new JextField ("Initial text.", 20);new JextField ("Initial text.", 20);

JScrollbar scrolly = new JScrollbarJScrollbar scrolly = new JScrollbar

(JScrollbar.HORIZONTAL, initialValue,(JScrollbar.HORIZONTAL, initialValue,bubbleSize, minValue, maxValue);bubbleSize, minValue, maxValue);


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Adding components to theAdding components to theAppletApplet

class MyApplet extends JApplet {class MyApplet extends JApplet {

public void init () {public void init () {

getContentPane().add(lab);getContentPane().add(lab);

// or// or this.this.getContentPane().add(lab);getContentPane().add(lab);

getContentPane().add(but);getContentPane().add(but);

getContentPane().add(toggle);getContentPane().add(toggle);

getContentPane().add(txt);getContentPane().add(txt); getContentPane().add(scrolly);getContentPane().add(scrolly);

...}...}


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Creating aCreating a JFrameJFrame

When you create anWhen you create an JAppletJApplet,, The size of the applet is determined by the HTMLThe size of the applet is determined by the HTML

pagepage The browser makes the applet visibleThe browser makes the applet visible

When you write a GUI for anWhen you write a GUI for an application,application,you need to do these things yourselfyou need to do these things yourself public class MyApplication extends JFrame {public class MyApplication extends JFrame {

void createMyGUI() {void createMyGUI() { ... add components ...... add components ... pack(); // compute the size and lay it outpack(); // compute the size and lay it out setVisible(true); // make the JFrame visiblesetVisible(true); // make the JFrame visible

}}}}


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Components TourComponents Tour


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IconsIcons

ImageIcon(String filename) ImageIcon(URL url)Methods: int getIconHeight( )

Returns the height of the icon in pixels.

int getIconWidth( )Returns the width of the icon in pixels.

void paintIcon(Component comp,Graphics g,int x,int y)Paints the icon at position x, yon the graphics context g.

Additional information about the paint operation can beprovided in comp.


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ExampleExample

public class JLabelDemo extends JApplet {public void init() {// Get content paneContainer contentPane = getContentPane();// Create an iconImageIcon ii = new ImageIcon("france.gif");// Create a labelJLabel jl = new JLabel("France", ii,

JLabel.CENTER);// Add label to the content panecontentPane.add(jl);}}


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JTextField( )

JTextField(int cols)

JTextField(String s, int cols)JTextField(String s)

JTextArea(int rows, int cols)

JTextArea(String s, int rows, int cols)

TextFields & TextAreasTextFields & TextAreas


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ExampleExample

public class JTextFieldDemo extends JApplet {

JTextField jtf;

public void init() {

// Get content paneContainer contentPane = getContentPane();

contentPane.setLayout(new FlowLayout());

// Add text field to content pane

jtf = new JTextField(15);contentPane.add(jtf);

}

}


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ButtonButton

JButtonJButton()() Creates a button with no text or iconCreates a button with no text or icon

JButtonJButton(Icon icon)(Icon icon) Creates a button with an iconCreates a button with an icon

JButtonJButton(String text)(String text) Creates a button with textCreates a button with text

JButtonJButton(String text,(String text,

Icon icon)Icon icon)

Creates a button with initial text and anCreates a button with initial text and an

iconicon

setFontsetFont(Font font)(Font font) Specifies Font (Type, Style, Size)Specifies Font (Type, Style, Size)Inherited from JComponentInherited from JComponent

setBackgroundsetBackground(Color(Colorcolor)color)

Sets background colorSets background color Inherited fromInherited fromJComponentJComponent


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String getText( )

void setText(String s)

void setDisabledIcon(Icon di)void setPressedIcon(Icon pi)

void setSelectedIcon(Icon si)

void setRolloverIcon(Icon ri)


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CheckBoxCheckBox

JCheckBox(Icon i) JCheckBox(Icon i, boolean state) JCheckBox(String s)

JCheckBox(String s, boolean state) JCheckBox(String s, Icon i) JCheckBox(String s, Icon i, boolean state) Method:-

void setSelected(boolean state) getItem( ) getText( ) setRolloverIcon(Icon ri); setSelectedIcon(Icon si);


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RadioButtonRadioButton

JRadioButton(Icon i)

JRadioButton(Icon i, boolean state)

JRadioButton(String s)JRadioButton(String s, boolean state)

JRadioButton(String s, Icon i)

JRadioButton(String s, Icon i, booleanstate)


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Combo BoxesCombo Boxes

JComboBox( )

Method:-

addItem( itemname in)


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ListsLists

JList()

JList(Object[])

Method:-setListData()

setVisibleRowCount(int c)

getSelectedValues()


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ExampleExample

public class Subscriptions extends JFrame {public class Subscriptions extends JFrame {String[] subs = {String[] subs = { "aWT","java","advaced java","software engg.","multimedia"aWT","java","advaced java","software engg.","multimedia

tech.","management","MIS","Operating sys.","LINUX","BYE HAPPY TO READ" };tech.","management","MIS","Operating sys.","LINUX","BYE HAPPY TO READ" };

JList subList = new JList(subsJList subList = new JList(subs););public Subscriptions() {public Subscriptions() {

super("Subscriptions");super("Subscriptions");

setSize(150, 300);setSize(150, 300);setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

JPanel panel = new JPanel();JPanel panel = new JPanel();JLabel subLabel = new Jlabel(subs);JLabel subLabel = new Jlabel(subs);

panel.add(subLabel);panel.add(subLabel);

subList.setVisibleRowCount(5);subList.setVisibleRowCount(5);

JScrollPane scroller = new JScrollPane(subLabel);JScrollPane scroller = new JScrollPane(subLabel);

panel.add(scroller);panel.add(scroller);add(panel);add(panel);

setVisible(true);setVisible(true);

}}

public static void main(String[] args) {public static void main(String[] args) {

Subscriptions app = new Subscriptions(); } }Subscriptions app = new Subscriptions(); } }


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OutputOutput


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Tabbed PanesTabbed Panes

Steps to create a Tabbed Pane:-Steps to create a Tabbed Pane:-

1. Create a JTabbedPane object.

2. Call addTab(String str, Componentcomp) to add a tab to the pane.

3. Repeat step 2 for each tab.

4. Add the tabbed pane to the content panethe applet.


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ExampleExample

STEP 1:-public class JTabbedPaneDemo extends

JApplet {

public void init() {JTabbedPane jtp = new JTabbedPane();jtp.addTab("Cities", new CitiesPanel());jtp.addTab("Colors", new ColorsPanel());

jtp.addTab("Flavors", new FlavorsPanel());getContentPane().add(jtp);

}} STEP

4:-


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STEP 2:-class CitiesPanel extends JPanel {public CitiesPanel() {

JButton b1 = new JButton("New York");add(b1);JButton b2 = new JButton("London");add(b2);JButton b3 = new JButton("Hong Kong");

add(b3);JButton b4 = new JButton("Tokyo");add(b4);

}}


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class ColorsPanel extendsJPanel {

public ColorsPanel() {JCheckBox cb1 = new

JCheckBox("Red");add(cb1);JCheckBox cb2 = new

JCheckBox("Green");

add(cb2);JCheckBox cb3 = new

JCheckBox("Blue");add(cb3);}

}

class FlavorsPanelextends JPanel {

public FlavorsPanel() {JComboBox jcb = new

JComboBox();jcb.addItem("Vanilla");jcb.addItem("Chocolate");

jcb.addItem("Strawberry");add(jcb);}}

STEP 3:- i.e Repeating STEP 2


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OutputOutput


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ScrollPanesScrollPanes

JScrollPane(Component comp)

JScrollPane(int vsb, int hsb)

JScrollPane(Component comp, int vsb, inthsb)VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYS

VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_AS_NEEDE

DVERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_NEVER

HORIZONTAL_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYSHORIZONTALL_SCROLLBAR_AS_NEEDED

HORIZONTAL_SCROLLBAR_NEVER

crollPaneConstants


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ExampleExample

public class JScrollPaneDemoextends JApplet {

public void init() {// Get content paneContainer contentPane =

getContentPane();

contentPane.setLayout(newBorderLayout());

// Add 400 buttons to a panelJPanel jp = new JPanel();jp.setLayout(new GridLayout(20,

20));int b = 0;for(int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {for(int j = 0; j < 20; j++) {jp.add(new JButton("Button " +

b));++b;}}

// Add panel to a scroll paneint v =ScrollPaneConstants.VERTICA

L_SCROLLBAR_AS_NEEDED;int h =

ScrollPaneConstants.HORIZONTAL_SCROLLBAR_AS_NEEDED;

JScrollPane jsp = newJScrollPane(jp, v, h);

// Add scroll pane to thecontent pane

contentPane.add(jsp,BorderLayout.CENTER);

}}


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OutputOutput


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TableTable

Steps to create a table:-Steps to create a table:-

1. Create a JTable object.

2. Create a JScrollPane object.3. Add the table to the scroll pane.

4. Add the scroll pane to the contentpane of the applet.


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OutputOutputFlowlayout Borderlayout


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TreeTree

Tree is a heirarchical format .Tree is a heirarchical format .Which ca either Expand or CollapseWhich ca either Expand or Collapse JTree jtr=new JTree(TreeNode tn);JTree jtr=new JTree(TreeNode tn);

To create TreeNodeTo create TreeNodeDefaultMutableTreeNode dmtn=newDefaultMutableTreeNode dmtn=new

DefaultMutableTreeNode(String s);DefaultMutableTreeNode(String s);

Now to AddListenerNow to AddListenerVoid addTreeExpansionListener(TreeExpansionListener tel)Void addTreeExpansionListener(TreeExpansionListener tel)

Void addRemoveExpansionListener(TreeExpansionListener teVoid addRemoveExpansionListener(TreeExpansionListener te


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Method associated with the treeMethod associated with the treelistener islistener is

Void TreeCollapsed(TreeExpansionEventVoid TreeCollapsed(TreeExpansionEventtev)tev)

Void TreeExpand(TreeExpansionEventVoid TreeExpand(TreeExpansionEventtev)tev)

When subtreeis HIDDEN

When subtreebecome

vissible


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OUT OF SYLLABUSOUT OF SYLLABUS

JSlider:JSlider:

JToolBar:JToolBar:

JProgressBar:JProgressBar:Different types of JDialogBoxes:Different types of JDialogBoxes:

Etc..Etc..

A Tour of SWING

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