A from A to C

The illustration shows an open circuit. In order to close the circuit and turn on the light a piece of wire needs to be added from

A from A to C B from A to DC from B to C D from C to D

B from A to D

What is the operating principal of a series circuit?

In a series circuit, electricity has only one path to follow. If any part of that path fails (breaks) and opens the circuit, everything on the circuit stops working.

What is the operating principal of a series circuit?

In a parallel circuit, electricity has more than one path to follow. If any part of that path fails (breaks) the other branches can still work.

The light bulb in the following illustration that will light is

AB

DC

A

No, this is an open circuit. Electricity cannot flow through an open circuit.

BNo, this is also an open circuit.

CYes, this is a closed circuit through which electricity can flow.

D

Nope, another open circuit.

The phrase, “Opposites attract and likes repel” applies to static electricity as well as magnetism.

Like charges cause objects to be repelled from each other.

Unlike charge causes objects to be attracted to each other.

Lightning is a very powerful form of static electric discharge.

One lightning bolt can have from 1-10 million volts of static electricity. The temperature at the core can be as high as 30,000°C.

Which position in the following slide shows the correct position for reading the volume of a liquid in a graduated cylinder?

A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4

The correct position for reading the volume of a liquid in a graduated cylinder number 3 so the bottom of the meniscus is at eye level.

Identify the numbered wave characteristics

wavelength

trough

amplitude

crest

The following slide shows an experiment set up to test the hypothesis that plants grow better in green light. What is the independent variable (a/k/a the manipulated variable)?

Red Green

Yellow

Trial 1

Trial 2 Trial 3

The independent variable (a/k/a the manipulated variable) is the color of light.What change in the set-up would produce more reliable results?

Using only one type of plant would produce more reliable results.

What change in the set-up would produce more reliable results?

A plant grown under ordinary light.

What should be used as the control for the experiment?

List in the correct order the energy conversions that occur after the flashlight’s switch is put in the “on” position.

Stored chemical energy to electrical energy to light energy (and heat energy).

Which wire has a higher resistance to the flow of electricity?

A

B

BWire B has more resistance to the flow of electricity. The thinner and or longer the wire the greater the resistance.

The following slides show an experiment set up to test the electrical con-ductivity of different sub-stances. Of the substances tested, which would make the best conductor to complete the circuit so the bulb will light?

In this experiment, aluminum was the best conductor.

The graph in this illustration is a ___ graph.

The graph in this illustration is a bar graph.

This line graph above

shows the heights of

plants grown in fertilized

and unfertiliz

ed soil.

F. Neither plant should increase by 1 cm in height.G. Plant A should increase about 1 cm in height.H. Plant B should increase about 1 cm in height.J. Plant A should increase about 2 cm in height.

Based on this data, what will most likely happen on day six?

F. Neither plant should increase by 1 cm in height.

B

In which illustration are the skateboarder’s kinetic energy and potential energy about equal?

The skateboarder’s kinetic energy and potential energy are about equal in illustration B.

A

The chart in the following slide represents the type and number of items collected in a beach cleanup. Based on the chart, what percentage of the total items collected from the beaches was plastic?

A 46% B 49% C 56% D 70%

Circle Graph

C. 56%

This illustration shows a pond ecosystem. What would most likely happen if all the lily plants were removed from this community?

F There would be more oxygen in the air.

G The pond currents would be slower.

H There would be more kinds of animals in the pond.

J The animals would have fewer places to hide.

J The animals would have fewer places to hide.

Both bulbs are lit in the circuit above. In order to turn off both lights, a switch must be installed in the circuit in the position marked

Which illustration best shows the reflection of light?A B C

D

Illustration D represents reflection

Which of the following illustrations shows the refraction of light as it enters water from the air?

The ray of light will refract as shown. As the light goes from a less dense medium into a more dense medium it will slow down and refract toward the normal.

normal

This is what is known in science as a “bad hair day.”

Why are the strands of the girl’s hair are spreading apart from each other?

The strands of the girl’s hair are spreading apart from each other because they have the same charge and like charges repel.

The phrase opposites attract applies to magnetism as well as static electricity.

The force of attraction is strongest at the poles where the magnetic fields are the strongest.

The phrase “like repel” also applies to magnetism as well as static electricity.

The force of repulsion is strongest at the poles where the magnetic fields are the strongest.

In this illustration, where will the magnetic field be the strongest?

The magnetic field of a magnet is strongest at position 1.

The magnetic field of a magnet is strongest at the poles; position 1 is closest to a pole.

A magnet’s lines of force are three dimensional.

Magnetic domains not aligned.

Magnetic domains aligned.

Between points 4 and 5, energy is being used to change water from aA solid to a

liquidB solid to a gas

C liquid to a gasD liquid to a solid

C liquid to a gas

Between points 4 and 5, energy is being used to change water from a

Between what two points is energy being absorbed by the water while temperature remains constant?

A 1 to 2B 2 to 3C 3 to 4D 5 to 6

B 2 to 3

Between what two points is energy being absorbed by the water while temperature remains constant?

Between points 4 and 5, the change of state (a/k/a phase change) taking place is

A vaporizationB evaporationC freezingD melting

A vaporization

Between points 3 and 4, the water is in which state or phase of matter?

A solid B liquid

C gasD none of the preceding

B li

quid

Between which two points is the water a gas (or vapor)?

A 2 and 3

B 3 and 4C 4 and 5

D 5 and 6

D 5 and 6

A

DC

B

An experiment was set up to measure the distance a snail would travel in 5 minutes. Which of these rulers should to give the most precise measurement?

D

Ruler D would to give the most precise measurement.

D

Ruler D measures in SI units and marked in units of 0.1 centimeters (a/k/a millimeters).

The pictures shows how to make an electromagnet. Which of the following would make the electromagnet stronger?

A using a longer wire from the battery to the nailB wrapping the wire around the nail more timesC wrapping the wire around a nonmetallic objectD making the loops of wire less tightly wrapped

The pictures shows how to make an electro-magnet. Which of the following would make the electromagnet stronger?

B wrapping the wire around the nail more times

Also, increasing the current flowing through the wire or using a more ferromagnetic material for the core will strengthen the electromagnet.

In this atomic model, point A represents

F a protonG a nucleusH a neutronJ an electron


H a neutron


Neutrons have no charge.

What charge do neutrons have?

In this atomic model, B represents

F a proton

G a nucleus

H a neutronJ an electron


A nucleus contains protons and neutrons.

G nucleus


Positive

What charge does a nucleus have?

In this atomic model, point C represents

F a protonG a nucleusH a neutronJ an electron

In this atomic model, point C represents

F a proton

Protons have a positive charge.

In this atomic model, point D represents

And, by process of elimination, D is an electron

Using the illustration of the man as a reference scale, the length of the baby blue whale would be

A 2 metersB 4 metersC 6

metersD 9 meters

B 4 meters

B 4 meters

In this food web,

which of the

following consumer

s eats only

producers?A

hawkB fox

C shrew

D mouse

D, the itty-bitty mouse.

Classify each of the illustrations above as an element, a mixture or a compound.

This illustration represents an element because there is only type of particle present and each one is separate.

This illustration represents a mixture because there are two types of particles present but each one is separate (not chemically combined).

This illustration represents a compound because there are two types of particles present and one of each joined with one of the other (chemically combined).

This illustration represents an element because there is only type of particle present and each one is separate.

Which orientation of magnets would result in the greatest attraction between the magnets?

Opposites attract and the north and south poles of this pair of magnets are in the best position for the greatest force of attraction.

The apparatus shown above was set up as shown, and thermometer readings were recorded for 20 minutes. The results were then graphed.

By how many degrees did the temperature of the hot water decrease in the 20 minutes that readings were taken?A 10°C B 14°C C 20°C D

28°C

A 10°C B 14°C C 20°C D 28°C

98°C – 70°C = D 28°C

123

45

6789

100 °C – 80 °C = 20 °C

20 °C ÷ 10 lines = 2 °/line

Suppose that in a certain area, mice are the main food source for wolves. Based on the graph, in which year would there be the least competition among wolves for food?

F 1975G 1980H 1985

J 1990

Suppose that in a certain area, mice are the main food source for wolves. Based on the graph, in which year would there be the least competition among wolves for food?

H 1985

Suppose that in a certain area, mice are the main food source for wolves. Based on the graph, in which year would there be the greatest competition among wolves for food?

F 1980G 1985

H 1990

J 1995

Suppose that in a certain area, mice are the main food source for wolves. Based on the graph, in which year would there be the greatest competition among wolves for food?

J 1995

Which amphibian is most aquatic?

The primary producer in this ecosystem is the -

F plant

H hawk

G rabbit J fox

The primary producer in this ecosystem is the -

F plant

The location on the track where the train has the greatest potential energy is -A 1 B 2 C 3 D

4

The location on the track where the train has the greatest potential energy is -

A 1

The location on the track where the train has the greatest kinetic energy is -A 1 B 2 C 3 D

4

The location on the track where the train has the greatest kinetic energy is -

C 3

The diagram shows a simple food web of organisms on a forest floor. Which of these is most dependent on the earthworm for its food supply?

A slugB centipedeC antD bacteria

B centipede

Some snapdragon seeds were studied in the experiment above. The seeds were placed in a dish lined with a moist paper towel. Which of these is the independent (manipulated) variable in this experiment?

A the type of seedB the amount of water usedC the number of sproutsD the temperature of each dish

D the temperature of each dish

The sea urchin shown has radial symmetry. This means that its body parts are -A equally arranged around a central

pointB designed to function in seawaterC likely to be reformed if any part of the body is damagedD able to function on land and in the water

The sea urchin shown has radial symmetry. This means that its body parts are -

A equally arranged around a central point

According to this graph, which of these is most important in developing the biomass of these plants?

According to this graph, which of these is most important in developing the biomass of these plants?F nitratesG sulfatesH magnesiumJ iron

G sulfates

In this food web, which organism has the greatest number of food sources?

A SnakeB Hawk

C ShrewD Mouse

B

Which of the following list the elements in order, from those have the least protons to those having the most protons in the atoms?

A O, N, Bi, LiB Na, S, B, LiC O, S, Se, TeD Rb, K, Na, Li

Which of the following lists are the elements in order, from those have the least protons to those having the most protons in the atoms?

A O, N, Bi, LiB Na, S, B, Li

C O, S, Se, TeD Rb, K, Na, Li

C O, S, Se, Te

Dry Cell

Wet Cell

Charging by conduction

Charging by conduction requires direct contact (just like transferring thermal energy by conduction.

Charging by conduction

Positive rod attracts electrons from neutral object leaving object positively charged.

Charging by induction

Charging by induction occurs when a charged object causes a separation of charges in a neutral object without touching it.

Charging by induction

Charging by

inductionA positive rod near the neutral object attracts the negative charges to one end leaving the other end positively charged.

An electroscope detects the presence of a charge.

What is the mass of the object on the balance?F 335.6 gG 350.6 gH 354.6 gJ 356.0 g

300 g + 50 g + 4.6 g =

H 354.6 g

Bending a steel nail is an example of a ___ change.

PHYSICAL

Copper corroding is an example of a ___ change.

CHEMICAL

Each specific substance can be identified by its ___.

PROPERTIES

___ are a type of matter that consists of two or more substances that are physically combined.

MIXTURES

A ___ is made of two or more elements that are chemically combined.

COMPOUND

___ are sub-stances that can-not be broken down chemically into other substances.

ELEMENTS

In chemistry, elements are represented by chemical ___.

SYMBOLS

The kilogram is the SI unit for ___.

MASS

The measurement of the amount of mass contained in a given ___ is called density.

VOLUME

A ___ holds atoms together in a molecule.

CHEMICAL BOND

A group of atoms that are bonded together is called a(n) ___.

MOLECULE

Changes in state are examples of ___ changes.

PHYSICAL

The ___ is the SI unit of volume .

LITER

A change in matter that produces a(n) ___ is called a chemical change, or chemical reaction.

NEW SUBSTANCE

Color, size, and shape of a sub-stance are examples of the substance’s ___ properties.

PHYSICAL

A ___ shows the ratio of elements in a compound.

CHEMICAL FORMULA

The smallest particle of a(n) ___ is called an atom.

ELEMENT

A ___ is a state of matter that has a definite volume and a definite shape.

SOLID

Gas is the state of matter that undergoes changes in ___ most easily.

VOLUME

Particles of a ___ are free to move within a container but remain in close contact with one another.

LIQUID

The state of matter in which the particles spread apart and fill all the space available to them is the ___ state.

GAS

The amount of space that any matter occu-pies is its ___.

VOLUME

According to ___ law, when the pressure of a gas increases at constant temperature, its volume decreases.

BOYLE’S

When the temperature of a gas decreases while volume is constant, its ___ decreases.

PRESSURE

According to Charles’ law, when the ___ of a gas increases at con-stant pressure, its volume increases.

TEMPERATURE

___ is the process of a liquid changing into a solid.

FREEZING

When a substance changes from a ___ to a ___ without passing through a liquid state, the change is described as sublimation.

SOLID TO A GAS

Vaporization is a liquid becoming a ___.

GAS

During the time it takes for an entire sample of a substance to change from a solid to a liquid, the temperature of the substance ___.

REMAINS CONTANT

When a gas changes into a liquid, the gas undergoes ___.

CONDENSATION

___ energy always flows from a warmer substance to a cooler substance.

HEAT

Matter in the ___ state would have the least thermal energy.

SOLID

Ice ___ as a result of thermal energy flowing from the surroundings to the ice.

MELTS

The common state of matter that does not have a definite shape or a definite volume is a(n) ___.

GAS

As described by Charles’s law, when-ever the temperature of a gas at constant pressure decreases, the volume ___.

DECREASES

When a substance cools, it loses ___ energy to its surroundings.

THERMAL

A liquid does not have a definite shape, but it does have a definite ___.

VOLUME

Particles in a liquid move around ___ freely than particles in a solid.

MORE

___ occurs when particles on the surface of a liquid gain enough energy to become a gas.

EVAPORATION

Protons are subatomic par-ticles that have a ___ charge.

POSITIVE

Electrons are very energetic particles that move in all directions around the ___ of an atom.

NUCLEUS

Electrons involved in bonding between atoms are ___ electrons.

VALENCE

The greatest number of valence elec-trons an atom can have is ___.

EIGHT

___ created the first periodic table by arranging elements in order of increasing atomic mass.

MENDELEEV

The modern periodic table is arranged in order of ___ atomic number.

INCREASING

An element’s atomic number indicates the number of ___ in an atom.

PROTONS

The elements in a(n) ___ of the periodic table are in the same family.

COLUMN

Across a period of eight elements in the periodic table, the number of ___ increases from 1 to 8.

VALENCE ELECTRON

S

The elements in the same ___ have the same number of valence electrons.

COLUMN

___ are located to the left of the zigzag line in the periodic table.

METALS

Most ___ are solid at room temperature.

METALS

In the periodic table, the most reactive metals are found in Group ___, the first column on the left.

1

___ metals have two valence electrons in their atoms.

ALKALINE EARTH

___ metals are so similar that it’s often difficult to find differences between them.

TRANSITION

___ are located to the right of the zigzag line on the periodic table.

NONMETALS

Metalloids are a group that con-tains the elements used to make ___.

SEMICONDUCTORS

Fluorine, chlor-ine, bromine, and iodine are part of a family called ___.

HALOGENS

___ are elements that share characteristics with both metals and nonmetals.

METALLOIDS

In nuclear ___ new elements are created inside stars when small nuclei combine to form larger nuclei.

FUSION

Elements that transmit electricity and heat easily are called good ___.

CONDUCTORS

In an atom, the particles that have no ___ are called neutrons.

CHARGE

___ are poor conductors of heat and electricity.

INSULATORS

Across a period of eight elements, the number of valence electrons in-creases from ___.

1 TO 8

The extremely reactive Group ___ elements have 1 valence electron(s).

I (a/k/a ALKALI

METALS)

Bronze is a(n) ___ formed by mixing copper and tin.

ALLOY

A substance that will conduct electricity only under certain conditions is called a ___.

SEMICONUCTOR

In stars, matter exists in the ___ state, in which electrons have been stripped away from the atoms and the nuclei are packed close together.

PLASMA

When two nuclei combine in a nuclear fusion reaction, a huge amount of ___ is released.

ENERGY

A chemical ___ is formed when atoms gain, lose or share electrons.

BOND

Chemical bonding occurs because most elements become more stable by gaining, losing or sharing ___.

ELECTRONS

How many electrons are needed in the outer energy levels of most atoms for the atom to be chemically stable?

EIGHT

(H AND He ARE THE EXCEPTIONS)

When an atom gains or loses electrons, the charged particle that results is called a(n) ___.

ION

An ion is an atom or group of atoms that has become electrically ___.

CHARGED

Ionic bonds are formed by the attraction between ___.

IONS

What kind of chemical bond is formed when electrons are transferred from atom to atom?

IONIC

The force of attraction between the opposite charges of ions in an ionic compound is a(n) ___.

IONIC BOND

When an atom loses an electron, it becomes a ___ ion.

POSITIVE

When an electron is transferred from a sodium atom to a chlorine atom, the chlorine atom becomes a ___ ion.

NEGATIVE

An ionic bond is the attraction between ___ charged ions.

OPPOSITELY

An ionic bond is formed when ___ are transferred.

ELECTRONS

Ionic compounds are electrically ___.

NEUTRAL

Ions that are made of more than one atom are examples of ___ ions.

POLYATOMIC

A group of atoms that acts together as one charged atom is a ___.

POLYATOMIC ION

Why do the noble gases not form compounds readily?

THEY HAVE COMPLETELY FILLED OUTER

ENERGY LEVELS

Density = mass volume

mass = 270 g

Calculate the density of this object.

D = m v

mass = 270 g

270 g27 cm3

= 10 g cm3

=

= 10 g/cm3or

Density = mass volume

mass = 32 g

Calculate the density of this object.

D = m v

mass = 32 g

32 g160 cm3

= 0.2 g cm3

=

=0.2 g/cm3

or

A chemical bond that occurs when atoms share electrons is a(n) ___.

COVALENT

Particles formed from the covalent bonding of atoms are called ___.

MOLECULES

Because water molecules are slightly positive at one end and slightly negative at the other end, it is a ___ molecule.

POLAR

There is no such science as alchemy.

The properties of compounds are generally ___ from those elements they contain.

DIFFERENT

Covalent bonds are formed by the ___ of electrons.

SHARING

Nonmetals usually combine by forming ___ bonds.

COVALENT

Covalent bonding produces units called ___.

MOLECULES

The unequal sharing of electrons produces com-pounds that contain ___ bonds.

POLAR

The equal sharing of electrons produces compounds that contain ___ bonds.

NONPOLAR

A force that holds the atoms in a compound together is a ___ bond.

CHEMICAL

An atom is chemically ___ when its outer en-ergy level is filled with electrons.

STABLE

A molecule that has a positive end and a negative end is a ___ molecule.

POLAR

Molecules that do not have oppositely charged ends are ___ molecules.

NONPOLAR

Bonds that form between two nonmetals are usually ___.

COVALENT

When two atoms share two pairs of electrons, a(n) ___ bond is formed.

DOUBLE

___ pairs of electrons are shared in a triple bond.

THREE

A molecular compound consists of molecules that have ___ bonded atoms.

COVALENTLY

Most molecular compounds have ___ melting points.

LOW

Metal elements tend to ___ electrons when forming ionic compounds.

LOSE

At room temp-erature all ___ compounds are solids.

IONIC

A(n) ___ number indicates how many electrons an atom gains or loses when forming a compound.

OXIDATION

The transfer of one or more electrons results in a(n) ___ bond.

IONIC

Because nonmetal elements generally gain electrons when forming compounds they become electrically ___.

NEGATIVE

Because it has only one valence electron, hydrogen can form only a ___ chemical bond.

SINGLE

At room temperature most covalent compounds are ___ or ___.

LIQUIDS OR GASES

Every chemical reaction involves a change in ___.

ENERGY

A(n) ___ reaction is a reaction that absorbs energy in the form of heat.

ENDOTHERMIC (FEELS COOL OR COLD)

In a chemical reaction ___ is either absorbed or released.

ENERGY

A(n) ___ is a process that changes matter into one or more new substances.

CHEMICAL CHANGE

Water vapor in the air turns to liquid water in the form of rain. This is an example of a ___.

CONDENSATION

A solid that forms from solution during a chemical reaction is called a ___.

PRECIPITATE

The only sure evidence of a chemical reaction is production of new ___.

SUBSTANCE(S)

A chemical ___ is a shorter, easier way to show chemical reactions, using symbols instead of words.

EQUATION

___ of elements are used to write the formulas of compounds much like letters are used to write words.

SYMBOLS

The substances listed on the left side of a chemical equation are the ___.

REACTANTS

Sulfur dioxide, oxygen, and water combine to produce sulfuric acid (2 SO2 + O2 + 2 H2O → 2

H2SO4). This chemical

reaction is a ___ reaction.

SYNTHESIS

In chemical reac-tions, the principle of conservation of ___ means that matter is not created or destroyed.

MASS

In an equation, the numbers that appear in front of a chemical for-mula tell you the number of ___ or atoms of each sub-stance in the reaction.

MOLECULES

When two or more substances combine to make a more complex compound, the process is called a ___ reaction.

SYNTHESIS

X Parallel

Circuit

Series Circuit

X X X

A bottle of hydrogen peroxide that even-tually breaks down into a bottle of water and oxygen gas is an example of a ___ reaction.

DECOMPOSITION

The chemical reaction between copper oxide and carbon that produces copper and carbon dioxide (CuO + C → Cu + CO2) is an

example of ___ reaction.

SINGLE REPLACEMENT

SINGLE REPLACEME

NT

The minimum amount of energy that has to be added to start a reaction is the ___ energy.

ACTIVATION

Chemicals that act as biological cata-lysts by speeding up reactions in living things are ___.

ENZYMES

A material used to decrease the rate of a chem-ical reaction is an ___.

INHIBITOR

Water affects most fires by cooling the fire and preventing contact between ___ and fuel.

OXYGEN

___ is the best form of fire safety.

PREVENTION

MgCO3 + 2 HCl →

MgCl2 + H2CO3)

may be classified as a(n) ___ reaction.

DOUBLE REPLACEMEN

T

A molecule of table sugar, C12H22O11, has

___ hydrogen atoms.

22

The formation of a gas or a precipitate may be evidence for a ___.

CHEMICAL REACTION

Atoms are held together by forces known as ___.

CHEMICAL BONDS

A precipitate is a(n) ___ that forms from solution during a chemical reaction.

SOLID

A subscript shows the number of ___ of an element in a molecule.

ATOMS

A gas neces-sary for com-bustion to take place is ___.

OXYGEN

A reaction that ___ energy in the form of heat is an exothermic reaction.

RELEASES

The ___ is the amount of one material present in a given amount of another material.

CONCENTRATION

A fuel is a material that will release ___ when it burns.

ENERGY

Rust forms when iron metal combines with oxygen in the air to produce iron oxide (Fe + O2 → Fe2O3). This

reaction is an example of a ___ reaction.

SYNTHESIS

A material used to increase the rate of a chem-ical reaction is called a(n) ___.

CATALYST

Hydrogen gas and oxygen gas can explode in a violent, exothermic reaction if ignited by a spark. In this case, the spark supplies the ___ for the reaction.

ACTIVATION ENERGY

The balanced chemical equation P4O10 + 6 H2O → 4 H3P

O4 tells you that ___

molecules of H3PO4

are formed in the reaction.

4

In a ___ reaction, the products are simpler substances than the reactant.

DECOMPOSITION

The human body contains thou-sands of dif-ferent enzymes, biological ___.

CATALYSTS

A wet log will not burn easily because a large amount of ___ must be added to the log to evaporate the water.

ENERGY

In a chemical reaction, the total mass of the reac-tants is ___ the total mass of the products.

EQUAL TO

So much for

dessert…

Zzzzzzzz

The materials present at the end of a chem-ical reaction are called the ___.

PRODUCTS

In a solution, the substance that is doing the dissolving is the ___.

SOLVENT

A solution that contains all the solute it can hold at a given temp-erature is ___.

SATURATED

Increasing the surface area of a solid ___ the rate of solution.

INCREASES

When a gas is dissolved in a liquid, the gas dissolves faster if the temperature of the liquid is ___.

COLD OR LOW

The concentration of a solution that contains much (a lot of) solute in the solvent could be described as ____.

CONCENTRATED

Adding more solute to a solvent ___ its freezing point.

LOWERS

The amount of solute that can be dissolved in a specific amount of solvent at a given temperature is its ___.

SOLUBILITY

Different substances have ___ solubilities.

DIFFERENT

A crystal of a sol-ute was dropped into a solution and it dissolved. The original solution was ___.

UNSATURATED

What kind of bug

was that??

Decreasing temperature ___ the rate of solution for a gas in a liquid.

INCREASES

The dissolving of a solid in a liquid takes place at solid’s ___.

SURFACE

The type of solution depends on the state of the ___.

SOLVENT

If a crystal of solute is dropped into a solution and other crystals appear, the solution was ___.

SUPERSATURATED

A solid dissolves faster when it is ground because grinding ___ surface area.

INCREASES

A gas dissolves in a liquid most rapidly when under ___ pressure.

HIGH

A supersaturated solution is ___ stable than a saturated solution.

LESS

Organic substances that change color in the presence of an acid or base are called

INDICATORS

A substance that produces H+ ions in solu-tion is a(n) ___.

ACID

A solution with a bitter taste and a slippery feel is most likely a(n) ___.

BASE

Bet I can hold my breath

longer than you!!

A compound formed in solution from the negative ion of an acid and the positive ion of a base is a a(n) ___.

SALT

The terms dilute and concentrated refer to the ___ of a solution.

CONCENTRATION

A substance that produces OH- ions in solution is a(n) ___.

BASE

A reaction between an acid and a base that produces a salt and water is a ___ reaction.

NEUTRALIZATION

A substance with a pH of 2 would be classified as a ___.

STRONG ACID

Coffee has a pH of about 5; Coffee is slightly ___.

ACIDIC

Strong acids have ___ pH values than do weaker acids.

LOWER

On the pH scale, a solution with a pH 7 is ___.

NEUTRAL

Strong acids produce large numbers of ___ ions.

H+

Increasing the temperature increases the __ of a solid solute in a solvent.

DISSOLVING

Nobody tells me where I

can play!!

Adding a solute to a solvent ___ the freezing point of the solvent.

LOWERS

Adding a solute to a solvent ___ the boiling point of the solvent.

INCREASES

The products of neutral-ization are a(n) ___ plus water.

SALT

Because grease is ___ it cannot be dissolved in water.

NONPOLAR

Stirring de-creases the rate of a ___ going into solution in a liquid solvent.

GAS

A solution is a ___ that appears uniform throughout and whose particles cannot easily be separated.

MIXTURE

Geologists use ___ acid (HCl) to test for the presence of carbonates in limestone.

HYDROCHLORIC

You are most likely to find a(n) ___ in household cleaners.

BASE

___ naturally present in food are safe to eat because they are usually weak.

ACIDS

The amount of solute that can be dissolved in a specific amount of solvent at a given ___ is its solubility.

TEMPERATURE

Listen here,

bub, I’m tellin’

you for the last

time, get off of my branch!!

Grinding a solid solute into smaller particles increases ___ area and speeds the rate at which the solute goes into solution.

SURFACE

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), a very strong ___, is the active ingredient in some drain cleaners.

BASE

When 37 grams of potassium chloride (KCl) forms a solution by being added to 100 grams of water, the potassium chloride (KCl) is the ___.

SOLUTE

___ involves the relative amounts of solvent and solute in a solution.

CONCENTRATION

Common ___ include hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and phosphoric acid.

ACIDS

DUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH!!!

Where are the alkali metals?

Where are the noble gases?

Where are the transition elements?

Where is the lanthanide series?

Where are the halogen elements?

Where are the alkaline earth

metals?

Draw the dividing line between metals and

nonmetals.

Circle the symbols of the metalloids.

Element, Compound or Mixture?

IRON

ELEMENT


DIRT

MIXTURE


SODIUM CHLORIDE

COMPOUND


SILVER

ELEMENT


WATER

COMPOUND


URANIUM

ELEMENT


GOLD

ELEMENT


NEON

ELEMENT


BRONZE

MIXTURE (ALLOY)


BAKING SODA

COMPOUND


BIRD’S NEST

MIXTURE


OCEAN WATER

MIXTURE (SOLUTION)


ALUMINUM

ELEMENT


PAINT

MIXTURE


SUGAR

COMPOUND


AIR

MIXTURE (SOLUTION)


CALCIUM CARBONATE

COMPOUND


MUDDY WATER

MIXTURE


POWDERED DRINK MIX

MIXTURE


CONCRETE

MIXTURE


CARBON DIOXIDE

COMPOUND


ICED TEA

MIXTURE

Mom saidthere would be days like this…

…why didn’t I listen??


CHLORINE

ELEMENT


CARBONATED WATER

MIXTURE


IRON

ELEMENT


IRON

ELEMENT


IRON

ELEMENT

Which of the three states modeled would not have a definite volume or a definite shape?

A B C

C

In which state modeled are the particles least able to move?

A B C

A

Which figure models a substance with a definite volume but not a definite shape?

A B C

B

If each substance modeled in the diagram were removed from its container, which state would be most affected?

A B C

C

The particles in which two illustrations share the characteristic about shape?

A B C

B C

Classify the type of chemical reaction represented in each of the following illustrations.

Gotcha

The reaction represented here is a ___ reaction.

single replacement


synthesis


decomposition


double replacement

Which illustration shows the object with a density closest to the density of the liquid?

B has the density closest to the liquid.

Which illustration shows the greatest effect of gravity?

Which illustration shows the greatest effect of gravity?

In which illustra-tion is the buoyant force the greatest?

In which illustration is the buoyant force the greatest?

The object in which illustration has the greatest density?

The object in which illustra-tion has the greatest density?

The object in which illustration has the lowest density?

The object in which illustration has the lowest density?

The location where temper-ature and heat energy are increasing is ___.

At line segment B, arrow 9 is indicating that ___.

the sample of matter is melting.

This one’s mine, you

got the last one…ya big

pig!

If the sample of matter was losing energy it would be freezing at ___.

It would be freezing at ___.

What is the sample of matter in this phase change diagram?

There is not enough information to identify the sample of matter in this phase change diagram.

If thermal energy is being lost at line segment D, the change of state occurring is ___.

If thermal energy is being lost at line segment D, the change of state occurring is ____________.

If thermal energy is being lost at line segment D, the change of state occurring is condensation.

Changes in state or phase changes are occurring at line segments ___.

How many grams of NaNO3 are needed to make a saturated solution in 100 grams of water at 10°C? 80 grams

At what temperature will 80 grams of KNO3 produce at saturated solution?

50°C

At about what temp-erature is the solubility of NH4Cl, KNO3 and NH3 the same?26°C

If 100 grams of NaNO3 were placed in 90 grams of water at 30° C, the solution would be __.UNSATURATED

___ is the compound that is most likely a gas.NH3 – THE LINE CURVES DOWNWARD

MASS

PHYSICAL PROPERTY OR CHEMICAL PROPERTY?

MASS


PHYSICAL PROPERTY

TOXIC


TOXIC


CHEMICAL PROPERTY

WEIGHT


WEIGHT


PHYSICAL PROPERTY

CORROSIVE


CORROSIVE


CHEMICAL PROPERTY

BAKING A CAKE

PHYSICAL CHANGE OR CHEMICAL CHANGE?

BAKING A CAKE

CHEMICAL CHANGE


VOLUME


VOLUME


PHYSICAL PROPERTY

MIRROR BREAKING


MIRROR BREAKING


PHYSICAL CHANGE

Giving a whole new meaning to the phrase,

“Hangin’ tough.”

DENSITY


DENSITY


PHYSICAL PROPERTY

EGGS ROTTING


EGGS ROTTING


CHEMICAL CHANGE

STATE


STATE


PHYSICAL PROPERTY

SLICING BREAD


SLICING BREAD


PHYSICAL CHANGE

REACTIVITY


REACTIVITY


CHEMICAL PROPERTY

SIZE


SIZE


PHYSICAL PROPERTY

LIQUID BOILING


LIQUID BOILING


PHYSICAL CHANGE

SHAPE


SHAPE


PHYSICAL PROPERTY

FIREWORKS EXPLODING


FIREWORKS EXPLODING


CHEMICAL CHANGE

COLOR


COLOR

PHYSICAL PROPERTY


ODOR/SMELL


ODOR/SMELL


PHYSICAL PROPERTY

ALCOHOL EVAPORATING


ALCOHOL EVAPORATING


PHYSICAL CHANGE

TASTE


TASTE


PHYSICAL PROPERTY

New World Champion Milk

Drinker

MAGNETIC


MAGNETIC


PHYSICAL PROPERTY

SKY CHANGING COLOR


SKY CHANGING COLOR


PHYSICAL CHANGE

FLEXIBILITY


FLEXIBILITY


PHYSICAL PROPERTY

FLAMMABILITY


FLAMMABILITY


CHEMICAL PROPERTY

ELASTICITY


ELASTICITY


PHYSICAL PROPERTY

TEXTURE


TEXTURE


PHYSICAL PROPERTY

GAS CONDENSING


GAS CONDENSING


PHYSICAL CHANGE

HARDNESS


HARDNESS


PHYSICAL PROPERTY

BOILING POINT


BOILING POINT


PHYSICAL PROPERTY

MELTING POINT


MELTING POINT


PHYSICAL PROPERTY

DEAD ANIMAL DECAYING


DEAD ANIMAL DECAYING


CHEMICAL CHANGE

CONDUCTIVITY


CONDUCTIVITY


PHYSICAL PROPERTY

SUPPORT COMBUSTION


SUPPORT COMBUSTION


CHEMICAL PROPERTY

PAPER BURNING


PAPER BURNING


CHEMICAL CHANGE

DRY ICE SUBLIMATING


DRY ICE SUBLIMATING


PHYSICAL CHANGE

SILVER TARNISHING


SILVER TARNISHING


CHEMICAL CHANGE

BATTERY CORRODING


BATTERY CORRODING


CHEMICAL CHANGE

GOLD MELTING


GOLD MELTING


PHYSICAL CHANGE

FOOD DIGESTING


FOOD DIGESTING


CHEMICAL CHANGE

ALUMINUM OXIDIZING


ALUMINUM OXIDIZING


CHEMICAL CHANGE

SUGAR DISSOLVING


SUGAR DISSOLVING


PHYSICAL CHANGE

A from A to C

Documents

open circuit

series circuit

parallel circuit

closed circuit

light energy

flow of electricity

plant b

light bulb