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A data/Information Sharing Framework for Roading Organizations’ Response to
a Natural Disaster
Dharmista GohilDr. André DantasDr. Erica Dalziell
Resilient Organisations Research Programme, Civil Engineering Department, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
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Outline of the presentation
• Context• Data/Information Sharing Framework• Case Study• Conclusions• Limitations• Further research
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MCDEM
Context
PoliceRoading
Organizations
Local/Regional Offices
Media
TelecommunicationHospitals
Fire Services
Transit NZ
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Large event
Transit HQ Land Transport NZ Ministry of Transport
MCDEM
CivilDefence
Small event
Contractors
Consultants
Transit NZ
Medium event
Lifeline orgs
Local/Regional
Authorities
Organizations involved in
response activities
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Phases during emergency response
activities Event
Observation
Event Occurrence
Event Assessment
Resource Deployment
Event Reporting
EventRe-assessment
STOP
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DGIS
Data/Information
Framework
Contractors
Consultants
Transit NZCivil
Defence
RAMM
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Data/Information
Framework
Information Management Cycle
Information Needs
Information Acquisition Information use Adaptive
Behavior
Information Organisation and Storage
Information products and services
Information distribution
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Data/Information
Framework
•Information needs- IDEF0
0
Input
Control
Output
Mechanism Call1
2 3
4 5
6
7
8
9
More general
More detailed
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Data/Information
Framework
•Information needs for phases 3 and 4
To assess eventsin situ
P3
Pavement surface
Signpost details
Road markingsFoundation details
Culvert details
Road nameRoad segment ID
TNZ's regional office Contractor
s
Consultant MCDEM Local/regional
authorities
Damage location
Damaged road IDPossible Detour routesSignposts missing
Bridge damaged
Site environment
Foundation damage
Culvert damage
Treatment required
RAMM GIS
To take response actions
P4
Decision on treatmentResources like material, personnel, equipments,etc
Suitable condition for repair
Prioritization of response
Repaired road conditionPavement repaired
Bridge repaired
Signpost repairedRoad marking
made
Foundation repaired
Resources used
Time taken
TNZ's regional off ice Contractor
s
Consultant MCDEM Local/regional
authorities
RAMM GIS
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Data/InformationFramework
•Data/Information Acquisition
DGIS
RAMM
External Organizations
Contractors in situ inspection
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Data/InformationFramework
•Data/Information organization & storage
●
● ●
●●●
●
● ●●● ● ●
Region
State Highway+
River+
Bridge
+
=
+
Signpost
Final map
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Data/Information sharing
GIS system 'A'
Convert from system' A' formatto neutral format
Neutral format data (toanyone)
data data
GIS system 'B'
Convert from Neutral format
to system 'B' format
Neutral format data (from anyone)
data data
•Neutral format
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Case Study
C
C
CC
C
C
CC
C
NZ CoastState Highway
Accident Black iceC Contractors office
Fire Floods Rain Rockfall Slips Snow Washout
100000 0 100000 200000 Kilometers
N
EW
S
Road Closure events from
April 2004 to March 2005
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Event Type (Y) Emergency Level (EL) eEL;Y
Y=1 (accidents) e1;1 Y=2 (slips) If RTe <6 hours, EL=1 e1;2 Y=n (....) EL=1 e1;n Y=10 (Black ice) e1;10 Y=1 (accidents) e2;1 Y=2 (slips) If 6 < RTe < 24 hours, e2;2 Y=n (…..) EL=2 e2;n Y=10 (black ice) e2;10 Y=1 (accidents) e3;1 Y=2 (slips) If RTe > 24 hours, e3;2 Y=n (….) EL=3 e3;n Y=10 (black ice) e3;10
Categorization of Road closures
Case Study
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Case Study
Calculation of Time & Cost
•Current Practice- Time and cost for each phase
Occurrence time Traffic flow (AADT) t1[EL;Y]
6AM-8PM 8 PM- 6 AM >2000 2000 to 4000 4000 to 6000 6000 to 8000 8000 to 10000 >10000
RTe*8%
RTe*7%
RTe*6%
RTe*5%
RTe*4%
RTe*3%
RTe*10%
RTe*9%
RTe*8%
RTe*7%
RTe*6%
RTe*5%
Example- Time for event observation phase
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Case Study
Calculation of Time & Cost
•Using the Data/Information FrameworkPhases
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Scenario 1 0.00% 0.00% 2.50% 2.50% 12.50% 12.50% 2.50% 2.50%
Scenario 2 0.00% 0.00% 5.00% 5.00% 15.00% 15.00% 5.00% 5.00%
Scenario 3 0.00% 0.00% 1.00% 1.00% 10.00% 10.00% 1.00% 1.00%
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Case Study
Results
93659
162342
49952
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000
160000
180000
Cost
in N
Z $
Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3
(3.2%)
(5.5%)
(1.7%)
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•Small emergencies
Case Study
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3
Cos
t in
NZ
$
Accident Slips Flooding Snow Fire Highwinds
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•Medium emergencies
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3
Cos
t in
NZ
$
Accidents Slips Flooding Snow Rain
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•Large emergencies
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3
Cos
t in
NZ
$
Slips Flooding Snow
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Conclusions
•From the case study, we can conclude that data/information framework is applicable for small, medium & large emergencies
DGIS
Data/Information framework
Small
Medium
Large
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Limitations
•DGIS prototype is yet to be developed
•Limited information on road closures for the case study for calculation of cost and time
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Further Studies
•Development of data/information prototype in DGIS
•Testing of the prototype in real emergency event for its efficiency & applicability