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A COMPARISON OF TWO METHODS OF TEACHING FREEHAND DRAWING AND VISUALIZATION SKILLS TO ENGINEERING STUDENTS
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INFORMATION TO USERS
This reproduction was made from a copy of a manuscript sent to us for publication and microfilming. While the most advanced technology has been used to photograph and reproduce this manuscript, the quality of the reproduction is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. Pages in any manuscript may have indistinct print. In all cases the best available copy has been filmed.
The following explanation of techniques is provided to help clarify notations which may appear on this reproduction.
1. Manuscripts may not always be complete. When it is not possible to obtain missing pages, a note appears to indicate this.
2. When copyrighted materials are removed from the manuscript, a note appears to indicate this.
3. Oversize materials (maps, drawings, and charts) are photographed by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each oversize page is also filmed as one exposure and is available, for an additional charge, as a standard 35mm slide or in black and white paper format. *
4. Most photographs reproduce acceptably on positive microfilm or microfiche but lack clarity on xerographic copies made from the microfilm. For an additional charge, all photographs are available in black and white standard 35mm slide format.*
*For more information about black and white slides or enlarged paper reproductions, please contact the Dissertations Customer Services Department.
IM v ersilyMicrofilms
International
R eproduced with perm ission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without perm ission.
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Reproduced with permission o f the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited w ithout permission.
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8602829
R audebaugh, Robert Arthur
A COMPARISON OF TWO METHODS OF TEACHING FREEHAND DRAWING AND VISUALIZATION SKILLS TO ENGINEERING STUDENTS
Arizona State University Ed.D. 1985
UniversityMicrofilms
International 300 N. Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, Ml 48106
R eproduced with perm ission o f the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without perm ission.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I would lik e to thank the graphics facu lty a t A.S.U.
fo r th e ir assistance in making th is experiment possible. I
would lik e to extend a special thanks to Professor John
Matson for h is assistance in the development of the
experimental method, to Professor Del Bowers and Dr. John
lavender for th e ir assistance in the evaluation process, and
to Dr. George Beakley, Associate Dean, College of
Engineering a t A.S.U. who had the courage to allow a l l of
th is to happen.
I would also lik e to thank my supervisory committee for
th e ir assistance , especially the co-chairs Drs. Jim Bell and
Zeke P rust. I am also g ra tefu l to the 767 students who
p a rtic ip a ted in the study p a rtic u la rly those in the
experimental sections.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
LEST OF TABLES.................................................................................. v i i i
CHAPTER
I . THE PROBLEM...........................................................................1
In tro d u c tio n . ................................... 1Statement of the Problem............................. 6Statement of the Hypotheses...........................................6Importance of the Study...................................................7lim ita tio n s of the Study.................................................8Assumptions. ...........................................................8D efin ition of Terms...........................................................9Summary.................................................................................11
I I . RELATED LITERATURE...........................................................13
Background...........................................................................13S p lit Brain P a tie n ts .......................................................14Studies on Normal and Brain Damaged P a t ie n ts . . ..1 6 E ffects of D ifferent Variables on BrainLat e ra l iz a t i on...................................................................21
Handedness.................................................................21Sex D ifferences.......................................................22Cultural E ffec ts ...................................24Developmental Sequence.........................................25
Cognitive Processing.......................................................27Cognitive Processing and Drawing...............................34
I I I . METHODS AND PROCEDURES...................................................39Description of Methods of In s tru c tio n .....................39
T rad itional Method.................................................39Experimental Method...............................................41
Population...........................................................................45In stru m en ta l on.................................................................45
Test of Drawing S k i l ls .........................................46Self Assessment and A ttitude Inventory 46Construct V a lid ity ............................................... .47Face V a lid ity ...........................................................49
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Data C o llec tio n .. . S ta t is t ic a l Sample Method of Analysis
495151
IV. RESULTS...............................................................................54Review of the Experiment..............................................54Evaluation R e lia b ili ty ..................................................56Summary of R esults..........................................................57
Drawings ........................................................57S elf Assessment and A ttitude Inventory.........58
Results fo r Each Hypothesis........................................ 65Summary................................................................................66
V. DISCUSSION, CONCLUSIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS...............68Summary of the R esults.................................................. 68Discussion of R esults....................................................69Conclusions........................................................................72Rec ommendati ons........................ 73
Rrom the Findings........................... 73Further Research....................................................74