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Tayfun Özdemir, Ph.D.Chief Technology Officer
A Cognitive AntennaA Cognitive Antennafor Wireless Applicationsfor Wireless Applications
330 East Liberty, Lower Level, Ann Arbor, MI 48104
Ph: 734.846.2550, Fx: 734.661.0159
[email protected]
http://www.monarchantenna.com
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SelfSelf--Structuring Antenna (SSA)Structuring Antenna (SSA)
Technology
Conventional Antenna
Device
Antenna aperture configured dynamically by closing and opening of switches.
Device Genetic Algorithm
SSA
Feedback Signal
RF Switches
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Technology
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““PATTERN SHAPING”PATTERN SHAPING”
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Technology
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““PATTERN SHAPING”PATTERN SHAPING”
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Technology
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““PATTERN SHAPING”PATTERN SHAPING”
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Technology
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““FREQUENCY TUNING”FREQUENCY TUNING”
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Technology
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““FREQUENCY TUNING”FREQUENCY TUNING”
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Technology
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““FREQUENCY TUNING”FREQUENCY TUNING”
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Technology
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““SELFSELF--HEALING”HEALING”
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Technology
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Part of the antennastructure is damaged
Gain drops drastically
Antenna detunes
““SELFSELF--HEALING”HEALING”
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Technology
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Rest of the aperture isreconfigured
Gain recovers
Almost in tune
““SELFSELF--HEALING”HEALING”
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Technology
BENEFITS
Adaptive Beam and Null Steering
FEATURES
Pattern shaping
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Technology
BENEFITS
Adaptive Beam and Null Steering
Dynamic Compensation for Frequency Detuning & Packaging Effects
FEATURES
Pattern shaping
Frequency Tuning
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Technology
BENEFITS
Adaptive Beam and Null Steering
Dynamic Compensation for Frequency Detuning & Packaging Effects
Graceful Degradation
FEATURES
Pattern shaping
Frequency Tuning
Self-Healing
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Market
Wide-Band:Quad-band Phones (multiple frequencies)Media-capable Phone (high data rate)
Narrow Band:802.11 (WLAN)
Wi-Fi802.15 (PAN)
BluetoothZigbee
802.16 (WMAN)Wi-Max
Cellular Broadband3G / EDGE / GPRS / EVDO / UMTS / IDEN
Cellular VoiceGSM, CDMA, TDMA
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Consumer Market
Cell Phone & PDALaptop & Router Automotive HDTVZigbee
• Faster Downloads
• Smaller Dead Spots
• Longer Battery Life
• Fewer Dropped Calls
• Richer Content
SSA Benefits:SSA Benefits:
Greater Customer Greater Customer SatisfactionSatisfaction
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Defense Market
Air Sea Land Weapon
SSA Benefits:SSA Benefits:• Reliable RF Link in Dynamic Environments
• Multiplexing
• Faster Data Transfer for Video and Infrared
• Graceful Degradation in Hostile Environments
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Technology Solutions
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Handset Antenna
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Handset Antenna
Consumer Demands Range Capacity Cross-Platform Compatibility
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Handset Antenna
Consumer Demands Range Capacity Cross-Platform Compatibility
OEM’s Solution MIMO
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Handset Antenna
Consumer Demands Range Capacity Cross-Platform Compatibility
OEM’s Solution MIMO Multi-Band
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Handset Antenna
Consumer Demands Range Capacity Cross-Platform Compatibility
OEM’s Solution MIMO Multi-Band
Implementation Challenges
Space Crunch
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Handset Antenna
Consumer Demands Range Capacity Cross-Platform Compatibility
OEM’s Solution MIMO Multi-Band
Implementation Challenges
Space Crunch
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Handset Antenna
Consumer Demands Range Capacity Cross-Platform Compatibility
OEM’s Solution MIMO Multi-Band
Implementation Challenges
Space Crunch Low Gain
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Handset Antenna
Consumer Demands Range Capacity Cross-Platform Compatibility
OEM’s Solution MIMO Multi-Band
Implementation Challenges
Space Crunch Low Gain
Inherent Problems Detuning Interference
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Handset Antenna
Consumer Demands Range Capacity Cross-Platform Compatibility
OEM’s Solution MIMO Multi-Band
Implementation Challenges
Space Crunch Low Gain
Inherent Problems Detuning Interference
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Handset Antenna
Consumer Demands Range Capacity Cross-Platform Compatibility
OEM’s Solution MIMO Multi-Band
Implementation Challenges
Space Crunch Low Gain
Inherent Problems Detuning Interference
“Self-Structuring Antenna (SSA)”Solution:
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MIMO
∼λ/218cm – 6cm
(850MHz - 2.4Gz)
8cm
NOT ENOUGH SPACE!
(Space Crunch)
Multiple Antenna Solution
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MIMO
Multiple “Beams” by SSA
• Each Beam Provides a “Statistically Independent” Sample of the Signal Space to the MIMO Algorithm
• Small enough to fit into the handset
• Large enough to provide multiple beams
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Multi-Band
8cm
NOT ENOUGH SPACE!
(Space Crunch)
Multiple Antennas
•Voice/Data (850, 900, 1800, 1900)•Bluetooth, WiFi (2400)•GPS (1300,1600)
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Multi-Band
Simultaneous Multi-Band
(Single Antenna)
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ANTENNA EFFICIENCY LOW FOR EACH BAND.
Hence Low Gain.
•Voice/Data (850, 900, 1800, 1900)•Bluetooth, WiFi (2400)•GPS (1300,1600)
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Multi-Band
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ANTENNA EFFICIENCY HIGH FOR EACH BAND.
Hence High Gain.
“Instantaneous” Multi-Band(Frequency Tunable)
•Voice/Data (850, 900, 1800, 1900)•Bluetooth, WiFi (2400)•GPS (1300,1600)
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Multi-Band
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ANTENNA EFFICIENCY HIGH FOR EACH BAND.
Hence High Gain.
“Instantaneous” Multi-Band(Frequency Tunable)
•Voice/Data (850, 900, 1800, 1900)•Bluetooth, WiFi (2400)•GPS (1300,1600)
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Multi-Band
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ANTENNA EFFICIENCY HIGH FOR EACH BAND.
Hence High Gain.
“Instantaneous” Multi-Band(Frequency Tunable)
•Voice/Data (850, 900, 1800, 1900)•Bluetooth, WiFi (2400)•GPS (1300,1600)
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Multi-Band
•Voice/Data (850, 900, 1800, 1900)•Bluetooth, WiFi (2400)•GPS (1300,1600)
850 900 1300 1600 1800 1900 2400
Time-Division Multiplexing
…
(Multiple Radios)
…
“Instantaneous” Multi-Band by SSA(Frequency Tunable)
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Multi-Band
•Voice/Data (850, 900, 1800, 1900)•Bluetooth, WiFi (2400)•GPS (1300,1600)
Why does SSA take less space?
Common aperture servingmultiple radios
Dedicated antenna foreach radio.
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Adaptive Beamforming
(Demonstrated with the TV Antenna in 2002)
High Gain, Low Interference
Direction of Signal(High Gain)
Direction of Interference(Low Gain)
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Frequency Detuning
Conventional (Passive) Antenna
Any object near ¼ of wavelength ispart of the antenna and will alter thenear field -> Detunes the antenna.
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Frequency Detuning
Any object near ¼ of wavelength ispart of the antenna and will alter thenear field -> Detunes the antenna.
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Conventional (Passive) Antenna-> Detunes due to near field loading
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Frequency Detuning
SSA
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Frequency Detuning
f
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SSA also-> Detunes due to near field loading
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Frequency Detuning
Compensates by altering its aperture.
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SSA also-> But able to compensate
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Prototype Pipeline
2002
2005
Automotive FM
TV
PAST
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Prototype Pipeline
NASA
2008-2011
Laptop Wi-Fi
2007-2009
2002
2005
Automotive FM
TV
ZigBee
2008-2009
PAST PRESENT
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Prototype Pipeline
Routers
WiMax
Cell Phone
NASA
2008-2011
Laptop Wi-Fi
2007-2009
2002
2005
Automotive FM
TV
ZigBee
2008-2009
PAST PRESENT FUTURE
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TV(50-800MHz)
TV & Automotive
Automotive FM(88-108MHz)
2002
2005
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TV
16” x 22”
50-800 MHz
32 SwitchesEdge Type 2 template 400 MHz horizontal polarization
optimized at every angleoptimized at zero deg
0
90
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TV
CEA-909-A (Design, 12/07)CEA-774-A (Measurement, 4/08)
Smart Antenna Standards are finally here!
TV SetSMART ANTENNA
RF
Feedback(CAE-909-A)
Why Smart Antenna?Move to Digital Broadcast in 2009
Rabbit Ears won’t cut it for Over the Air Broadcast
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TV
First Movers
• Sony and Hitachi made their proprietary I/O designs available w.r.t. CEA-909-A.
• Antennas Direct, outdoor "electronically steered" antenna
• RCA ANT2000 (Oct’08)
• GE Smart Digital Antenna (Dec’08).
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TV
Pursuing OEMs (Sony, Hitachi, etc…)
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Automotive FM
Heater Grid
Self-Structuring Antenna
Rear Window Frame
Antenna Feed
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Automotive FM
8 8 9 0 9 2 9 4 9 6 9 8 1 0 0 1 0 2 1 0 4 1 0 6 1 0 8
F r e q u e n c y ( M H z )
1
2
3
4V S W R
F i r s t C o n f i g u r a t i o nS e c o n d C o n f i g u r a t i o n
Optimized over the entire FM Band(Simultaneous Multi-Band)
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Automotive FM
Optimized over each Frequency(Instantaneous Multi-Band, Frequency Tunable)
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2
88 92 96 100 104 108
Frequency (MHz)
VS
WR
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Automotive FM
Prototype successfully demonstrated at Delphi in 2005
*** Currently not pursued ***
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GEN 1 and GEN 2 Antennas
GEN 1
Polarization Diversity(Sep’07)
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GEN 1 and GEN 2 Antennas
GEN 1
Polarization Diversity(Apr’07)
Laptop WiFi Demo
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GEN 1 and GEN 2 Antennas
GEN 1
Polarization Diversity(Apr’07)
ZigBee Customer #1(Aug’08)
Laptop WiFi Demo
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GEN 1 and GEN 2 Antennas
GEN 1
Polarization Diversity(Apr’07)
GEN 2
Beam Switching(Sep’08)
ZigBee Customer #1(Aug’08)
Laptop WiFi Demo
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GEN 1 and GEN 2 Antennas
GEN 1
Polarization Diversity(Apr’07)
GEN 2
Beam Switching(Sep’08)
ZigBee Customer #1(Aug’08)
Laptop WiFi Demo Laptop WiFi Demo
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GEN 1 and GEN 2 Antennas
GEN 1
Polarization Diversity(Apr’07)
GEN 2
Beam Switching(Sep’08)
ZigBee Customer(Aug’08)
Laptop WiFi Demo Laptop WiFi Demo
ZigBee Prospect(Jun’08)
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ZigBee (GEN 1)
Applied Mesh Technologies, LLC(Atlanta, GA)
Advanced Metering
(DCX)
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ZigBee (GEN 1)
Advanced MeteringEach meter individually connects to the cell tower
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ZigBee (GEN 1)
Advanced MeteringMeters network with each other andone meter connects to the cell tower.
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ZigBee (GEN 1)
Monarch’s GEN 1 VS. Laird’s Nanoblade
Advanced Metering
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ZigBee (GEN 1)
Monarch’s GEN 1 VS. Laird’s Nanoblade
Better Performance(Polarization Diversity)
Advanced Metering
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ZigBee (GEN 1)
Advanced Metering
GEN 1 allows for arbitrary orientation
V-Pol
H-Pol
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ZigBee (GEN 1)
Advanced Metering
GEN 1 allows for arbitrary orientation
V-Pol
V-Pol
(Antenna flips its polarization)
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Laptop Wi-Fi(2.4 GHz)
WiFi (GEN 2)
Please visit Monarch booth for a demo.
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Lunar Wireless Mesh Network (2008) – WMAN, 802.16e
Fixed Wireless Network
Blue Team MANET
Green Team MANET
Lunar way station
Lunar Base Station
LCT
LRS
LRS
LRS
Mobile wireless link (10 km, 802.16e)
Fixed wireless link (10 km, 802.11n)
Ka / S-band link
Personal area sensor net (Zigbee)
10 km link
10 km link
Fixed Base
Hab
200m
Q-band link
NASA
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NASALunar Wireless Mesh Network (2008) – WMAN, 802.16e
LRSLRS
Lunar Relay Satellite (LRS)
SS
S
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NASA
PCB or E-Textile SSA
Wraparound Belt
Body Wearable
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NASA
Suit-To-Suit (WMAN, 802.16e)
SSA
SSA
SSA
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NASA
Suit-To-Rover (MIMO)
SSA
1
2
1
2
MIMO Matrix
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Company
Equity Partners
1. Delphi Technologies, Inc.
2. Michigan State University
3. Automation Alley
HQ: SPARK Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Company - Strategy
• Fabless technology company
• Strong IP
• Dual-use (from Military to Consumer)
• Product Differentiation for OEM: “Monarch Enabled”
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Tayfun Özdemir, Ph.D.Chief Technology Officer
Monarch Antenna, Inc.330 East Liberty, Lower LevelAnn Arbor, MI 48104Ph: 734.846.2550Fx: [email protected] ://www.monarchantenna.com
Contact