9 - explaining tools build up in qualitative research ( Dr. Abdullah Al-Beraidi - Dr. Ibrahim Althonayan - Dr.Ramzi)

As a result of the diversity in qualitative techniques, number of authors have tried to provide various taxonomies, or categories, of different qualitative methods.

What is it about? موضوعه؟ هو ما

Everyone has theories about what causes behaviour. السلوكات مسببات حول نظريات لديه شخص كل

The research methods available include, experiments, questionnaires, interviews, observations, focus groups, and methods using statistics, e.g. correlations.

تتض>من أس>اليب البحث الموج>ودة م>ا يلي: التج>ارب، االس>تبيانات، المق>>ابالت، المش>>اهدات، مجموع>>ات اب>>داء ال>>رأي، والط>>رق .االحصائية مثل االرتباط

One way of categorising them is according to level of analysis:◦ Individual (e.g. research diaries, life histories)◦ Group (e.g. focus groups)◦ Organisational (e.g. case studies, ethnography)

No one form of categorisation is all-inclusive, but this can be a useful heuristic device

Some are research strategies: eg: case studies; stakeholder analysis; hermeneutics, which prescribe particular approaches to research

Some are different ways of conducting interviews: e.g.:repertory grid, electronic interviews, critical incident technique, life histories

Some fit in with a particular epistemological approach e.g.: discourse analysis, repertory grid

1. General research questions

2. Selecting relevant site(s) and subjects

3. Collection of relevant data

4. Interpretation of data

5. Conceptual and theoretical work

6. Writing up findings/conclusions5a. Tighter specification of the research question(s)

5b. Collection of further data

Single versus Multiple Case المتعددة الحاالت مقابل المفردة الحاالت

- single if critical or unique caseفريدة - أو حرجة حالة كانت إذا مفردة Holistic versus embedded المضمرة الحالة مقابل العامة الحالة

- Holistic: global nature :عامة طبيعة ذات العامة- Embedded: include multiple sub-units but don’t forget to relate back to the case

بالحالة: - ربطها إغفال دون متعددة جزئية وحدات وتتضمن المضمرةاألساسية

Three principles مبادئ : ثالثة1. Multiple sources of evidence

لألدلة المتعددة المصادر2. Creating a study database (notes, case documents,

tabular material, narratives)بالحالة، ) تتعلق وثائق مالحظات، للدراسة بيانات قاعدة خلق

) وصفية مواد مجدولة، مواد3. Chain of evidence

األدلة سلسلة

There are a wide range of techniques available to the qualitative researcher

They provide a lot of interesting options for conducting qualitative research within the management field

Researchers should aim to explore the rich variety available within the qualitative research domain.