8 Trigrams and their Changes

7/28/2019 8 Trigrams and their Changes

1/40

329

I I p g gg hakke , I p , g pp q Jp x g . M g g p g p gg . T g, bg , b Jp g E p.T q p g b g p g p b g (g) pp g xp / . I p- hakke-uranai, b g b . F, I g , , , .

keywords: hakke-uranaip g gpp g

M Hayek p Dp O Lgg Cz (lcao) b crcao, umr 8155, P D U.

Japanese Journal o Religious Studies 38/2: 329368 2011 Nz I Rg C

M Hayek

T Eg g T Cg

A Iq Jp E M D


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330

Divination (uranai, bokusen) Jp - q p C g manteia. b p, g Blacker (1975 ) b -z () ( , p p- ), b b z . P

W , Severini (1874), b Aston (1908) , bj, b , F B Frank (1998) p p p Jp g g b- p H .

E Jp, , I p-b g p g p g g g/b b Jp. Ag b b - g p p g (Hayashi 2006), p pq.

E g Jp z C- g, g p ( ) - b p b Jp, bx . G g b, () g, (Zeitlyn 2001), b b g Jp p, p pp pp g , , .

1. T p p g - pg b b g Kalinowski 2003. H, g ///fp , b g p . C Yi jing-bed dvt (emy) que pe-ety t beg t t btg e t exgm, e by e tgm

by tgm, by eptg t dm p y t, d ubttg t eve tme

ut megu umbe eed. A emegy, t y d dvt tgtemp pmete, u ye, mt, dy, u, y mbt tee t pmy

vbe t deteme ete e te te upu te gve dte egdg v-

u tvte.


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hayek: aanese early modern divination | 331

T prc ht th rtc ttmpt, b pg prtcr ttt t

pcr dvt mthd vvg dvtr gr cmm

th ght trgrm (Jp. hakka r hakke, Ch. bagua). Frt, I dcrb th

tchq, ptg t t mprtc r mdr Jp, br gvg

br vrv t rg, chrctrtc, d md d. T I

cdr vdc t rm th xtth t th ttth ctr, prtr-

g t r b qtg ttm rm ctmpr rc. F, I

h prt ht th mchc d trctr th mthd rv bt th

prccpt d rprtt th ct th dvr.

Prologue: What is a trigram?

B gg E-p g g g, I p gg g g, p q.

T g hakke-uranai g g p g I .

I, g Nihon kokugo daijiten, hakke p C

, Book o Changes, Yi jing(Jp. Ekiky

), Changeso the Zhou, Zhouyi (Jp. Sheki):

I x Changes, g p - gg (b) g (p) .

T b, b p g 700 ce g Z (Suuki 1963, 15), b q g g b (). T , p b

p, g p . B - g, g, x- g, xg, gua(Jp. ka, ke). T b p (, g) b (, ), bg b b . M-, pg b, p g g g p . T, p , gua g g p, b -p b g p Book o Changes xg.

H, b p p, Yi jing, bagua g

, b p p. T p b x p bgg C ( - g b C ), p


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332 | Japanese Journal o Religious Studies 38/2 (2011)

g C,g B D.

T, g p g p

g b g g p, g (), Sp U (j, Jp. tai-kyoku). A , p b b xp .

T g p b Book oChanges: g xg b bz , g g xp pg p.

H, g z g - b H (202 ce220 ce) C Jg Fg (7737 ce), g g b , p, b, , p (Suuki 1963). F , b q g , b g p. C , b(b /) bj b

p, g b x bg bj ( xp, b , , ) b pg. A ,

diaram 1. F g.

g

Sp U

g g g g

R S KS G KDK


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iure 1. Hakke-bon, (Sb, K Gj U).

iure 2. Hakke, 1708 b Seish(Cg F, ihe).

pz g g, q b g p b . T hakke-uranai Jpp p g q, b.

Looking or the rigrams in Early Modern Japan

Gg b hakke Nihon kokugo daijiten, p g: (b Changes).Hakke-mi, . g g. D.

W b , g E p, hakke-mi g () q.E g b b - , Yi jing-b fg (, xp, b),

p q b hakke-mi b . T g pb g hakke - x. T Nippo jisho (tsuka 1998),


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Npp-Pg pb b J Ng 1603, g :

Facqe: A p b g (astrlogo). Facqeo miru: b p pp. (tsuka 1998, 150)

F p , 1600 hakke p g Yi jing, b b b . M, p , b (orihon), g gg b.

H, p bg. Bg g UnionCatalogue o Early Japanese Books, b bghakke p b 1611 E p.W g g, g b b g, hakke-bon.

ooks o trirams: tye, content, and evolution

dt, cdmc rtc h trd t hd ght th b trgrm:

th Masuko Mr (2006) br prtt thr gb trctr, hch

gv vb bbgrphc rmt. St, M td rm cm-

pt, d d t cr xp th rg d trrmt th b.

Trr, hvg dd hakke-bon, I h trt vr hpth rgrd-

g thr rg, d gv vrv thr dvpmt d chvmt.

Hakke b p. F, gp b, orihon, p, pbg 1611. Ag , b b J , g

pb b , pbb p, b 1611. T b , pg b g, b p. S, .1660, b b g b q, xp g p b.T g, q , p p hakke . F, , p pp, g x

p b g p g, pg (nins) , g q. T xg bb , g


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, , g b p, p p p - pb. A , g g b , N-C, b b g kshgaku, I pg g , , g, . Tg , q px, g , p, p, g, b b b -g p .

early olded ooks and the core techniueA , b , g b b b - : p. T gq-p g, q , -g g p . E g B b , g g p p , , b, , g, . T , zettai (-pg b), zetsumei (pg ), kagai (), seike(b ),ukutoku ( ),ynen ( ),ykon ( ), teni ( ) p : , pg p b. T, g b p g p. T g p b I j b, b p g .

T q g g g/-

p b . M b bg b pg b b . F bp b ,gen, g p x ( p x ), p- g , gen, p, , . S, b g , natchin, x b b. T p p (, , , , ) p p g g

b. Ag p, x p, b (. p) g, tke, bq pg g, b . F ,


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F

5

A

3

S

8

g 3 4 5 p 6 7

B

4

S (Ri)

H

2

2 bb 8

D

7

Cpg b

6

Cpg

1

g 1 x 12 11 b 10 g 9

diaram 2

H

5

S

3

A

8

g 3 4 5 p 6 7

D

4

D (Kon)

F

2

2 bb 8

B 7

Cpg

6

Cpg b

1

g 1 x 12 11 b 10 g 9

diaram 3


9/40

S

5

H

3

F

8

g 3 4 5 p 6 7

Cpg

4

F (Da)

A

2

2 bb 8

Cpg b

7

D6

B

1

g 1 x 12 11 b 10 g 9

diaram 4

D5

Cpg

3

Cpg b

8

g 3 4 5 p 6 7

H

4

A (Ken)

B

2

2 bb 8

F

7

S

6

A

1

g 1 x 12 11 b 10 g 9

diaram 5


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B

5

Cpg b

3

Cpg

8

g 3 4 5 p 6 7

F4

Sj K (Kan)

D2

2 bb 8

H

7

A

6

S

1

g 1 x 12 11 b 10 g 9

diaram 6

Cpg

5

D

3

B

8

g 3 4 5 p 6 7

S

4

Kz (Gon)

Cpg b

2

2 bb 8

A

7

H

6

F1

g 1 x 12 11 b 10 g 9

diaram 7


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Cpg b

5

B

3

D

8

g 3 4 5 p 6 7

A

4

Mj (Shin)

Cpg

2

2 bb 8

S 7

F6

H

1

g 1 x 12 11 b 10 g 9

diaram 8

A

5

F

3

H

g 3 4 5 p 6 7

Cpg b4

Fg (Son)

S 2

2 bb 8

Cpg

7

B

6

D1

g 1 x 12 11 b 10 g 9

diaram 9


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p p. T b g g ( b ) p - g . Dpg p , p p , b , g g b / p g. I ct, th th mthd th ddb xp, thgh mcrpt tt pt trd thr pb .

T thr mthd, hch bcm vb t th pbc th cd-grb, rthr drt, t g mbr t vr bjct dvt( g, xp g, p, ) x- b . U, p

b b b . Tq p g p -g b, g . I x p p .

I , hakke-bon p p g . p g - p , pg pp -q pp pb. W ,jni-un, b

g g. T g g b . T ,kuysh, , , p (M, V, M-, Jp, S), x p p, Rg K. I b g, b g p p. T g , p- - E p, b g 28 (27) g .

2. T p g I g p Jp g B p Sukuy-gy (reatise o the lodges andluminaries), p Agj (Jp. F ) det. Tey be ptted vu gp mte deptg Buddt t dete u t md, e

beg dedu ppee. Due t te e t betee Buddt tgy d

ut onmyd e te begg te He ped, tey ee pted

t onmyji emeg pte, evetuy bemg ted t te dete

Cee g (tug u t mgt e ve bee edy etbed C,

bee mg t Jp). Led t te epe d te met, tey e Wete

tgy te Dg ed d t, Cput d Cd D. O Buddt tgy ee

Yano 1986.

3. T 28 (27) g (S. nakatra) b 28 C (g b C ), p Ig. B, z ( p) 28 g g. T


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A , p b, pp bgg E. H, ( b g b b g b,

g xp , qg ), gp q g . F, b , I b b p, pbb g x . W b g p b, p xp g p- p hakke-bon g.

I p b g p b xg b, bzg , - b p,

p b. T :T -g g g: , Nine Palacesreatise bg b Kb S A, H Ep , K- [g -] , bp . I 61,672 b 1, g -, J Jp.

iure 3. Hakke, 1708.Dg bp () g (g). (N DLb)

27, ppx g g g, b g, Abj, Ox g S-Jp (gysuku), (hisuku), p.

4. Ag pp , -b Kb Mb (695775), g bg -g x g C.


14/40


T p p 180 . Apg pp xp g, x p. T p J 3, -b[1023], , Mj 1, g - [1024], p p.I K 3, -pg [1203], p . Ag , p p p g -, p p g -, p p g -, . I K 3 [1443], p p , B 1 [1444], p . I B 3 [1503], E 1, g -, p.

I , xp bp . W , I - . T p bb, g g , xp, g b b g , g. M b, S. L, -pg ( p), kuysh, ,jni-un, - g p b, p b, , bj b

. M, g g p g , g -, daiyaku, b orihon.

Fm tee ue, e edy me e eduted guee but te

g te debed metd. Ft, g t te t betee ex-

gm d mt, te ymbt tee tt e tet H dv-

t mmedtey me t md. Te u te Yi jing gue t bde

g eeu edy ey etbed te tugt Jg Fg (Shin

2002, 10217). Futeme, t peu mbt, t epeet

te ee d deee te y d yg dug te ye, be ud X J Wuxing taiyi (Jp. Gogy taigi) (Cmpedum

5. T bp, sangen, p, kyg. S Kalinowski 1985, 774811.

6. Tee teve dut epeet te ye te ve pe dg t te mt.Tey e upped t fuee te dety e dvdu, depedg te tem

bt ye, d tu te ue um e. We ve, de, te emby, tai,

utt,y, bt d gt, ch(sei)(), put, moku(yoku)(), mtuty,

kan(tai)

(

), tg pt, rin(kan)

(

), eg, tei()

(

), dequeee, sui

,e, by, det, shi, tmb, bo, d expt/mt te bet, zetsu

(betee te petee, I ve ed te g uuy ud hakke b dg t

te Wuxing taiyi).


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ytem peey vvg mg que et t te ed u-

t mt dety, te Gd Oe, y (Kalinowski 1985). Yt, v-

r drc prcd th mpt tht thr drct rt bt

th t mthd. T bprd, mt tcb, thgh th r mht

dcrbd th Wuxing taiyi, r t vvd th dtrmt th rbd-

d trgrm. Mrvr, v th Gogy taigi v mtc ct, t

iure 4. b 12 b b Hakke-bon (IR C Jp S [ircs], p)

1708 Seish (b).

7. Ag C ( aihry), onmyry g p, (), pp (Frank1998).

te ve pe) (Kalinowski

1991, 93, 23637). T

te g ped e vg bee tdued

Jp g t te Cee

bueuy, d gy

egded by te pet te

Dvt Bue.e -et betee te Wuxing

taiyi d te hakke-bon d t

ed tee: X J b

t vu eemet tte ete t te mu

d tt ee, meve, eg-

edy te ue dvty

pte dug te He

Ped. e metd te

ttbuted tgm, te,

gety eembe te u-

t mde by ut dve t

deteme te u tgmbdde dvdu,

hakke no imi (Frank

1998, 88, 118). I etu, t

pte ey bed te

Wuxing taiyi. Wt me,

t b dety qute te

Kyg-ky, te tete

ted te tduty pt

te tgm b. T ttext eem t ve peeted


16/40

iure 5. Shinsen iny hakke narabini sh, 1667, b (Cg F, ihe).

iure 6. Shinsen iny hakke narabini sh, 1667, .


17/40

iure 7. Shingon himitsu hakke kuden, Hiashi 1693. M-p, g b p (Cg F, ihe).

iure 8. Daikyaku shinsen hakke-sh genkai, 1718, Ri g xp (ircs).


18/40


rr t t r thr, t t ght. Hvr, vr g mcrpt d

th Dhg cv d cd dvt tchq vr mr t ht c

b th hakke b, mt tcb cd trr th

ght trgrm, bagua younian (th bprd d mtc ct),

bt th m tr, r dg, r tv cdct. I prtcr,

trt mdc hmrg br m cmm pt th th m

mcrpt, tb th cct th grt mrt (Kalinowski 2003,

502). hrr, m pp tht ch cmpt r trmttd t

Jp t m pt, d rvd b t ht bcm hakke-bon.

T dd b thmv gv m ght rgrdg th rg

thr ctt, pc ht th d t hr cmm th th m-

crpt th Nt Obrvtr. Tr r mr th t drt b th tp tht hv md thr t , prrvd vr Jp d

Erp brr. T dt, Hakke zue (1611), prt mtchd

pcct: t db ch dgrm th trtd mgc qr. Tgh th

xct mg th pctr h t t b vd, t pb t d m

rddc ptg t gc ct bt th dpct d ch

mtc ct. Amg th thr b th tp, ttd hakke bon,

r hakke sho, c b prc dtd, bt mt thm r vr mr

t th Onmy hakke no h (1628), hch prmd t b th dt

xt t th Hakke zue. Hvr, tr dt h vr drc, cdg dgrm d c m mr tr. Ccrg thr rc, p

xmt c tht th hv r h pg th Sangoku sden

onmy kankatsu hoki naiden kinu gyokuto-sh

( Nakamura 2000), brdgd Hoki naiden, trc cmp-t hmrgc dg, cdg mt rm bth th cr d

th mtc (Bddht) mtc trdt ( p Kj Dg ). F, b

8. F xp, p pp g g zetsumei -, kagai .

9. Ig, (1708) p g z ( b) q ( p b p b p ). S g b p f p b bgg g .

10. Rgg Hoki naiden, b b -p. U p Ab S pp , b Y K, E B . A , Hoki naiden b z g xp g b

g p gz : p x b b b Gz , Y , gg g g g K , . SNakamura 2000, 237330; Sait 2007, 14097.


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g Sg , Yanqin doushu sanshixiang-shu (Jp.Enkin tos sanzes-sho) , p g b (Masuko 2006, 5255).Trr, th rhakke-bon hpprd rt ttmpt t xtrcz pcr d mtc dg

tht pd rm Ch t Jp br g dr crt trm drg

th Mdd Ag. T rv p tchq h m m-

g t dtrm th tcm d mtr cmpg, h dd-

g mr ppr dvc cd dvd t. Tgh r m r

dvd brt, th d t gv d rt ctd th

th dgrm, r xpt bt th m th mthd, d m thm

cd tt prgrg th td rt tr b. I ct, gv thr

rmt d ctt, th c b chrctrzd t d t thght thtmr dtd gd xpg dvtr mthd crctd mg th r

mcrpt rm.

the irst manuals: unveilin the techniue

A g hakke pp , Kb . C b, b b bg hakke -

g. R, p . A , pp b g b, pg xp orihon b g. T Shin-sen iny hakke narabini sh , pb 1667, p- xp p b: g p hakke , . B , pb g xg b xp, pg p- b (tchbon). T g b p p pg,

11. Ag Kalinowski (2003, 231), z b Dg p, g b pp.

12. A p ry hakke kikigaki hiden-sh - H M (K b ) gd xmp. Athr , ppddtg rm 1668 (Kb 8), c b d d brdr shugen m d byama-

bushi Echg prvc. S Miyake Hth 2007, 16391. Wht mr, mcrpt m

t vm rm 1693, Shingon himitsu hakke kuden , b B- Hiashi R (1693), crvd t th Bbthq d Cg dFrc (Ittt d ht td jp). Fr th mt prt, t dpct th ctt th

r prtd m, th Shinsen iny hakke narabini sh. Jdgg rm tht b, c tht th m d dg crctd mcrpt d prtd rm t th m tm, t-

mt dg t rmz th tchq. T m c b d bt 1708 vr th dd

b crvd t th m pc: t hv ttd th xcrpt rm p g.


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pp p xpg g x, gg , , .

Pr m r hbrd, th b tr t rt, h prgrv

cttg t thr mt, mt th trgc ( th tt-v

r dg). Tgh th brd zdc vr t b th b, th r

t d m h t Ch mc. b mr prc, h t

dct t jdg hch gr fcd th thr, bd hakke b hr m

mrt th th Jp vr Sanses. T, th bddh d bdht-

tv ctd hch ch trgrm r mtm grphc dpctd,

tr tht c b d Sanses. Sm m v dd Jp dt

crrpdg t th bddh, th vrt rm dt t dt, ch

th Daikyaku shinsen hakke-sh genkai (1718). A ppdt th dd b, mt th tm m t b trgtd t dc -

cmr, tht , pp h d t rd th tchq r p cm-

pmtr gdb. St, r ttd m bc rt th t

trctr th rt hakke-bon, gvg prctc drctv d t rt.

I tht , thgh th rprt tp rthr th xtrczt prc

mtc dg, th thr pt thr ctt prpctv r cr d-

c thr rc. Dgd t b d cmbt th th dd b,

th c b d t ct t d mdv v dvt.

comendia o the eiht trirams:transmission o knowlede, authorshi, and critical thinkin

d geet b te teetg ge, bt tem md tet. Te evut be ummed up by ptg t tee m

etue: eemet te e metd, bde petum teque,

d tedey t me d me te peee te ut/m-

pe. Su evut t be beved te em Cu-

p d tetue ud te me ped, t te emegee te d ut e Kb Ee (16301714) I S-

u (16421693). Ag t te exp mme ptg,

u ut beg etg te peee te b, tt pube,

g tey ud be be t ee te e te me e, ee

g tem e (Kornicki 1998, 22730). Regdg te dv-

t mu, te t t e etue tbute t gt ugmet-

t vume, d te td mped by ee t tttude.

Sg Kokon hakke taizen (1671), th m

t mr brt th th rg ctt th prt thmv ct r cmpt. T, t d th drp th trdt trdc-

t vr mr dtd, t ccrt, dpct th trm


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dvtr dg Jp, bt th cm t rr t prc dt-

d rc. T cmpct th m mthd r (r)tgrt

th rg prprt th trgrm, t b cmbd rdr t rm Yi Jing

xt-r hxgrm. T rt ctd th ch mtc ct r ch

dgrm r th dr rm th hxgrm btd b cmbg th ctr

trgrm t th prphr . T prcdr rt drmtc gm-

tt z, c xtrm c, ch th Hakke (mokuroku) ketteish() (Chiin 1697), g q .

A xp, b b, pbb b q , xp, p

xp q b q b p. Ag Kokon hakke taizenp b, Wakkan hakke shosh taisei (Okamura 1695) Hakke ketteish g g p . I , b kas (p pp ), I g-, g, han hanji ( p ), g b Sg- S Yg (10121077). T, g

g g p. I g, Wakan hakke p , - , g hakke b p , Hokinaiden, g C x z, Sg-p b M pg , b Cg b- (C ), g .

B xpg , p b gz, bg . M , g. F , p Kokon hakke taizen, pb B b, jggb p , xp g g g Sg ,b , g -, g b bgg b, gg xp. S, p Hakke ketteish,

13. T p, Okamura K (1695), g

, g ( xp, Honch ruidai hakke shosh

[B g ]). Ag gz x p M pg,Mai nins-h, p p q g E p. S Oawa 1996.


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B , b g b g, p bg. L Wakan hakke p b pp z Cx p gg (g kana b) p bg. C- p, , b - g g p g . T z Bb Nb (?1715), - p (Hayek 2008). Dg , pb b,

, b ppz C , . Baa bg p hakke-bon g, Sheki hakke zsh shsei (1698) shen hakke shinan-sho (1703), bg xp . I g, Bb pp p , gg xp p bg, hatsugaku.T g g b, xz g g gz -

z g, pg b, z . I g, f gb g- . F , pb q g p. T Shika shichiron, p 1703 b A (16591716), p -, Oz R (17231801) Furuno nakamichi (Groue Koten 2009, 2627, 64). A , () g g g g p -

g C - P-p bg g b - Jp .

Early Modern Diviners

Hg g b - E Jp, I x x , p g b, pJp. S g p pb, b pb

q g- p b . H, - b g p , p.


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a kyen soothsayer

T I b b pg hakke-

g Kg Igui/. I , sanoki, g g xp g p. I p b , b p - p, , b b g .

T p , g Kg , Iz , x Sg . T

b ( xbgg ) Iz, Sg . A

, p , p . g b p: , Ig, g

p ( , teishu). H, p b . E , p- p . A g p K p Kz, Ig g p b. H g, jb xp p, pp. Q , - pp p b pzz p

.

D: F-g , -g , g P: A ! H ! F g , I g g g.D: I g P: D!D: A g ?P: I, I . P , I -.D: S, ?P: Sg I .D: A ?P: J .D: X , X , X . an, ChKen, Ro, Gin, Nan, Ba,Haku, D, Shitsu, Shi, K, En. P, Rg, A, D, D,Agg. I g ?P: W, , . H g !

14. S tsuka 2006, 43643; Yoshida 1959, 327; Sg , Yoshikawa Nonomura 1956, 14251.


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[T p b g ]

D: Sg , g: -, x-g, , -g,

-g, , -b, g-b, . M g , g . B b p, p , . H, g . (tsuka 2006, 43839)

T x , g g - sanoki p g hakke . Nevetee, I pt ut tt te dvt pe tt t pee dte (peme

te py ue te uet dte), d eem t vve vu eemet eted

t te ve pe. Te tem eg, te, d ee t ye

te pe te ye, be ee te Gogy taigi e te

Cee ue, d ee eptedy ued dug te He ped bp-

tte bdde, s. E, b jianchu , pg p b . T p pg pb sanoki b p Hoki naiden, R p Wakan sansai zue ( p Jp C p g). Ag

, p g g . F b g pg , g p, g - (erashima 1713?, . 5, 12 ). T p , , b g. b Hoki naiden, g, b Dg p g g

15. s p ( p) g . T gg s g H p, b Wuxing taiyi. C onmyd p p , (g) s () , g g g g (Frank, 1998, 21641). H, b p s , p. T , g (), gg r (), , qiu (Jp. sh), , si (Jp. shi) , , xiang(Jp. s) , g g , , , pp.

16. T -jianchu (Jp. kenjo) , , b Jp-

b, ,jnichoku

. I , b Bg Dpp. I p b pp p b g . T g p p (, p, ).


25/40


(Kalinowski 2003, 235). T gg b sanoki b. M g, Iz Sg g - : ynen,ykon, zettai, , , - b hakke b. M, Iz x,

g bj p, p , , p pg -. Upg, bj hakke, g g, q b- b. F, Sg g bpg g sanoki b g da, Dajdan (p pp p): g -g b hakke b.

T, , g p g g - b p, p- p g b , sanoki p g g .

I hv rd tdd th tr d chrctrtc th t mdv

dvr thr rtc, d th cc c b mmd p : 1. th

rg th sanoki c b trcd bc t dvr th Kmr prd, p-

czd th cct (sand); 2. th r ppr trt dvr,

thgh m thm m hv hd prpr td bg ct, Kt; d 3.

thr m dvtr mthd mthd hakke uranai, g dd cdr- trgrm b, g th m d gd (Hayek 2010, 2022).

I sanoki p gz , b g. R tengu p ,yamabushi, p g g- p g . T g p B p, b g -. I p pgg g b,

, g B (Sp, b, ). E x onmyd, Hoki naiden, B- p. T, b sanoki b

17. A g p b p M p, Kumano honji emaki, K jj O. I , K Lie oShaka, p p p b

b ( b K). Ag b x , ssha snin , p g . A b, q b b Ig , , hakke b.


26/40


g yamabushi Ab S (921?1005), H p.

monks or riests the elusive status o enroku diviners

rcg th ccrrc sanoki d t vdc tht r Ed dvr

r dd g trgrm b. TJinrin kinm zui, p

th d th vtth ctr, prt th trm m r dvr,

uranai-shi.

T p, g b -g g G , , p pg Jinrin kinm zui p g b

b I g b. I p, , , . g p f, g Igui.I p b g pg (Jin-rin kinm zui 1990, 118). T b rokuj-zu, g x, hakke g, shakuto-h no zu, g b- p q p g .T p. F, G - B . S, g b p pbbhakke b.

Bb Nbt prvd trtg ttmt rgrdg th dtt hakke

dvr. Ar ttmptg t md th ght trgrm dvt, Shosetsu ben-

dan (h zuihitsu) h crtcz th h m dcrmt

th mtc tchq. Hvg ttd tht Prt (miko) d prt (kan-

nushi) d th ght trgrm, th m tr, d th tv

cdct t t th c r th c pp, h pt t thr c

dg th prcp th Chg (Baa 1978, 48).Bb hakke S p p,

b hakke, , . T, jgg b , sanoki Igui b Bb, b hakke b g p bg ggp, g B B- .

H, jgg b p Jinrin kinm zui, g, g,

b . T, g g g , g E p.


27/40


W K Nb (17831856), zuihitsu Kiyshoran , Jinrin kunm zui p, p - (Kitamura 1979, 35051), p b , b , g b, E .

Dd th hakke uranai d tr th 1750? It prbb dd, rb

ctxt, hr t prgrv rpcd b r g shineki (

mrc Yi Jing-bd mthd ttrbtd t Sh Yg), daneki ( hx-

grm-bd mthd mphzg mr th crrtv prprt rthr th

Yi jingt), d tr b rr-t tchq (r)crtd b Jp

thr, ch Hrz Zt (16971780) d Ar Hg

(17151792). T vt cgrt th ht c b brvd m. AM h rd h, hakke b bcm mr d mr rmc r

th mdd th ghtth ctr (Masuko 2006). Mrvr, th th (r)

trdct th tr (kysei) tchq v dmgm b

bd th Qg cmptXieji bianfang shu (Jp. Kyki benh-sho)

, hakke dvt drv t th vrg xtct, r mt (Hayek

2010b). T tr tchq vr c t trr th ght tr-

grm, d bth c b cxtg Dhg mcrpt (Kalinowski

2003, 26981). Hvr, Qg rthdx mg rgt bt th ct r-

t, t dcrd th hakke dvt t b rct dgrdt th tr

mthd d trd t mrg th t tchq. T jdgmt t tht

cqc th tt Jp.

N, jgg p q ppg onmyji( b ) b- (Hayashi 1987; 1994), p E , g, g hakke-bon 1770, gg , bg . N

Yg K b b pg- pp, g pp (Yanaita 1930) g p bgg . I b , , p p 1928 pp b g g p Izanagi-ry K , g Mj p E dmgm.

18. I xp g P K Kz (ircs) g g .


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Te Early-Modern World View as seen through Divination

Hg p hakke b

, I b E b p . A I p p , g g E p pb p.

A , (mokurokusan) q b xg b b b p . E g g g g b, bj. P , , p b. F, b g

, pg b . T, b b b, b gg p g pg b g. Sb-q p b , px , pp b g g , p . T - p x- pb b g, xg. T x .

T b p , p, -g p b , bj, b p pp g b.

E xp x b C- x g pp q .T b bg hakke b G p g p b g. T, Hakke ketteish p g g g: (kanroku ), p (shippei/shitsuby ), b (usai), - (kenzoku), b (jsho), (koz),

(onteki), g (jumy). B C- p Jp. T g b b, b b b - q: g (mimono), g (kikigoto), bg (emono), p (machibito, - b p pp, p tainaimachibito), g g (keji), g (usemono, g, hashirimono), p- g (negaigoto), (kadoide), (baibai), jg (kujizata

), (yume). Tg g x g b E p, b b , , g p .


29/40


W b , g p - . Up g , b p. C, b, C , p- p, , , , , b xp b b. I q, g b g : =6, x-g=7, bb=4, g-=5, =3, p-=8, =2, g-b=1.

A b bj, nimokuroku, b . Hg b b,

b g g g. T b b p . T -pg . O , p , b p g , xp, g b jg. p , I b .

L G 11 (1698), -g. A --- ( g , kazoedoshi),

b g g (b g g). F, b g, tke. Bg - , b Kb 7 (1667), -p. He teee begt te upe md d t gup ed to. We te e te dgm

te bed pt. It dte tt e ud tt m te Ri tgm,

d ut utee e ppg utg te eve tgm

dg t te ue. I , b Ri tke p.B, g gp x ( ), g

19. A pp , g hakkeb, /b, qp , shimokuroku.

20. I , b, g , g b .

21. T ppg jpg g, koyuru-odoru , p g g pg g bp x, p (tobikoyuru) 8 g, jp ( , odoru) 41, p 48, jp 81, p 88, jp 101. T g

. F xp, gg p b bg p b g 10 g, . F , g Ri g, p Son, 10 Shin, p Gon, 20 Kan , , jpg .


30/40


( ). Nx, p ( ) b :

I , 5, b pg g.T g g b 3. B g

, b 8. S b, pp g ppb . IRi - g, g p b g Kon, ykon, . H g b Baa (1698): B(honzon), g , , b, qp, gg g , g b , . g b , g ()

( ). S g , - p. E b, ( g g) . O , p b pg p, p g p.

A g b , b p b p g g p p q, b g . S p

b, b b b . T b bg g . F, g b , g b , g g b xp , g . M, g hakke b xp xp .

A , pbb pp- E :

gg (, q, , ), -q g xp xp (g ,, b xg, , ), b

22. T b 3 g g q C Jp -g. T Jp g 3 mi(tsu), , mi(ru), -. T px Jp p hakke . T p g Jp ,

, b g p . Sg g, p Jp gg, b b . Hp b, , ( bg b b 4, shi, , shi).


31/40


g p b g -g ( g, bb, xp p, p f, ). A g g pp. T, pp g - p p p-. O g bj , b b g xp p: xp, g p ppp b H p (Hayek 2005).

W , b , p p -

p . T p xp p g, H pp pp (omikuji). A pp C bj, xingren (p gg), Jp machibito, b, Pp xpg U , pp b p.

N, gg bj b p (, p), xp g g. S

p b pp q: , p; , x- b (, bj, ). T b g ( b), p b , p p b b pxg . A p p .

T E g p

b, p , xp p- . I, , bg bj . Sme mu mpy vd udg dee mg te tem ted eut, e te gve up t x pmete t t ut

23. T pp g gp/p K Kz g ijin Jp . T ijin, b , g gp p , g g b pg .

T machibito f ijin: gp ijin , g g g g, p p . H, pp b, - x g (Komatsu 1995).


32/40


e, ey te ede t me te pppte vet (tt

, t b- ) b g . T, g g b p (/) p p , g b p .

A , I d tht prdtrmd rt thmv xpr rm

tmzd thg, r th rt t ctgrzt th phm

rd, d rm rt thg: v th rt r prdtrmd,

th rt bt thm d thr c, r xmp rg dt trrmd

d cdd thrgh mtc prmtr d ct, rgzd

rm. I tht rgrd, c tr t d m rt mmtr bt th

tmtc chrctr th rthp d th c rgzt th Edprd. I th hgh hrrchzd d rtv ttc Ed ct, th ctr

pr (th bakufu) trg t ctgrz pp rgd d ctrb

cct, th ct th dvr r g tmzd rt c-

qc, th th m c vtb prdcg th m ct.

Conclusion: Divination, Belies, Superstitions, and Teir Sociocultural Context

D, b b b, g b . I b , I g g , g , p q. Hakke , I b, bg E p ( ). I pp b - q, bg Hz Z A Hg, bb, C , .O g , b ppz, b , b b -p (setsuy-sh, chhki) (zassho)

(Hayashi Koike 2002, 19394).Ag E p, f ppb g p Jp. T xp g xb , zettai zetsumei, , g , hakke-bon. T xp- honkegaeri, x p , kanreki(, p p). Honke g g, ,

b g b .Hvr, th xct mg th xpr mt, t tt, t

t cmm drtdg. Crrtv chm tht r c d rt b


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Jp (d Ch) t d thr pc th vr d t bt m

ght rgrdg thr pr trct hv g t . Tgh th

prctc dvt bd th gc-mbc tr t v, th

trct rt bt tht tm d gv dvd ct cmpr t

ht t d t b.

A I , g - p C g g x b p g p g.g xp . D b, bg, g b .M , pp p-

, g , p g b p g p. U, cle de vote g xg , p bp hakke b. T pp bgg Mj pb (W) , g pp ( Jp ), b g b b pp . T g b pp: Mj p b p (meishin

). W b bj , b p g g, p- b b , , p [ A, B] g xp p (Bronner 2003). Ggb , b g -, p g b p- , b p, g , g p-, b b b.

reerences

rimary sources: triram ooks

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(Sj B ).

Baa Nb

1698 Sheki hakke zhon-sh . 3 ., 1 . K: RS , K . H N D Lb(Sj B).


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1703 shen hakke shch shinan . 5 ., 1 . K: R

S, Kj . H I R C Jp- S, K.

Chiin 1697 Hakke (mokuroku) ketteish() . 10 ., 5 . K:

N K , Z S . H N D Lb (Sj B).

Fuiwara M 1844 Gotke gokeu kant ippa shinke tysho

. Mp. Ishiyama-ke monjo, L1-7-1439. z

C .

Hiashi R 1693 Shingon himitsu hakke kuden. Mp, 2 . C-

g F, I H E Jp.

Himentei O 1709 Hakke Hrai-sh . 5 ., 1 . A Yb .

O: Sb . H U (K B ).

o Ug K (.)

1864 Hakke kysei zho tsuji ura dokuhandan . 2 .,2 . S: G Jb . H I

R C Jp S.

Kannoni F , Gon-shsu Cg 1637 ry hakke kikigaki hiden-sh . Mp. K

B , H C M/N I JpL.

Okamura K 1695 Wakan hakke shosh taisei . 8 ., 4 . K: Kj

H ; O: Fb Sz ;E: Fj Sbb . H K U b.

Seish 1708 Hakke . F b, 1 p. Pb K, pb .

H Cg F, I E Jp,

P.

rimary sources: undated

Hakke.. F b. 1 p. H N D Lb (Sj B,

854172).


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Hakke-bon.. F b. H N D Lb (Sj B, .

2-6902-696).

Hakke-bon.. L x- p. H N D Lb

(Sj B . 2688).

Hakke-bon.. F b, 1 p. H I R C Jp-

S.

Hakke-bon.. F b, 1 p. H S B, K Gj U.

Hakke no sho .. F b, 1 p. H U (K B).

zassho sanzes

.. 1 . E: Y Bzb . H IR C Jp S.

Sanzes kokagami

.. S , p pb . 1 . H IR C Jp S.

Shint handan-sho.. 1 . Pp Kg . H b

, K p.

rimary sources with no author

Daikyaku shinsen hakke-sh genkai

1718 2 ., 1 . Pb: K Hb (p pb); M S , O. H IR C Jp S.

Hakke 1708 F b, 1 p. H N D Lb (Sj B, .

2689).

Hakke-bon 1640 F b, 1 p. S , K. H N D

Lb.

Hakke tora no maki 1680 3 . Kg , K. H N D Lb (Sj

B).Hakke zue

1611 F b, 1 p. H B, .


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Hiden myh-ki

1703 1 . S Gb , E; Yg M , K.

H I R C Jp S.

Jinrin kinm zui

1990 A b A H . B519. : H-

B.

Kokon hakke taizen

1671 6 ., 6 . N Sz , K. H

N D Lb (Sj B).

Nihon kokugo daijiten20002002 S . 13 . : Sg.

Onmy hakke no h

1628 F b, 1 p. Pb K. H U (K

B).

Onmy-sho (kadai) ()1528 Mp, 1 . F b, 1 p. H N Ob

Jp, M.

zassho sanzes

1852 1 . Pb: Iz Ib , Yg b

, K Kb , M Jb , Fj

Kj , Yz S , Y

Bzb , E. H I R C

Jp S.

Ruij hakke-sh1672 2 ., 2 . H I R C Jp S-

.

Shinban hakke

.1680 F b, 1 p. Pb K, pb . H Cg F, I H E Jp, P.

Shinban seimei hakke

.1680 H N M Jp H, S C, Cb p-

.

Shinsen iny hakke narabini sh

1667 2 ., 1 . H Cg F, I H E

Jp, P.

Shinsen iny hakke narabini sh1836 2 ., 1 . Hb D . E: M . H

I R C Jp S.


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enmon hakke hidensh1685 2 ., 2 . N Sb , K. H N

D Lb (Sj B).

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1978 Shosetsu bendan . I Nihon zuihitsu shsei dai ni sh

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2006 kura oraakira n kygen sh. V. 2, O: Sb

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Jp, P.

Yoshida K , .1959 Iz- g- .K B 143, . 14.

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Yuan gg 1933 Skanbon enkin tos sanses-sho. : N

S G.

Yun L , .1995 Qinding xieji bianang shu wai ba chong. Zhenben

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8 Trigrams and their Changes

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