8. Ekologi Mikroorganisme

8/18/2019 8. Ekologi Mikroorganisme

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Ecology Of microorganism

Eri Dian M

Microbiology FKUY


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• Definition:

the study of the behavior and the activities of

microorganisms in their natural environments

•

Foundationso populations

assemblages of similar organisms

o communities

mixtures of different populations

o ecosystemsself-regulating biological communities and their

physical environment


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Interaction beetween microorganis

• Netralism

• Sinergism

•

Simbiosism• Competism

• Antagonism

• Parasitism


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Neutralism

there is no any physiological effect betweenthe populations.

Commensalism

Commensalism is a unidirectional relationship

betwen populations in which one population

benefits and the other one isunaffected.


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Synergism

Synergism indicates that both populations

benefit from the relationship but theassociation is not obligatory. Both

populations are capable of surviving

independently.

.


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Mutualism Symbiosis Mutualism Symbiosis is an obligatory inter-relationship between two populations thatbenefits both of them.Lichens is composed of a fungus and an

alga.


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CompetitionCompetition occurs when two

populations are striving for the same

resource of nutrients or the habitat.


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Antagonism

Antagonism occurs when one populationproduces a substrate inhibitory to

another population.


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Parasitism

the parasite population is benefited and the

host population is harmed.


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Synergism


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Antagonism


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Symbiosis

• Commensalism

• Mutualis

•

Parasitism


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Commensalism

• Definition

Relationship in which one symbiont (the commensal)

benefits while the other (the host) is neither harmed nor helped.

• Characteristics

Spatial proximity The commensal feeds on substances captured or ingested by thehost.

The commensal obtains shelter from the host

Not dependent on the host metabolically

•

Examples• E. coli (the commensal) lives in human colon (the host)

• E. coli use up O2 and benefits Bacteroides sp (obligate

anaerobes)


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Oppurtunism

• Opportunistic pathogens

members of normal microbiota that produce

disease under certain circumstances

Opportunistic infection definition:

infections caused by organisms that usually do notcause disease in a person with a healthy immune

system, but can affect people with a poorlyfunctioning or suppressed immune system. They needan ‘opportunity’ to infect a person


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8. Ekologi Mikroorganisme

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