6. GSM Optimization and (E)GPRS Planning and Optimization

Soc Classification level 1 © Nokia Siemens Networks

GERAN Cross Company TrainingNorth SystemInternal

GERAN Optimization

Day 3, Session 3, 13:00 – 14:30


Aim of Session 3 and Session 4

• After Session 3 and Session 4 the participant should – able to summarize the quality improvement steps

– have a view on NetAct Optimizer tool

– able to support GSM optimization projects

– Know the most important elements of (E)GPRS dimensioning, planning and optimization


QualityReporting

MonitorQuality

QualityDefinition

Qualityin detail

QualityImprovemen

t

Configurationanalysis

QualityTargets

QualityReporting

MonitorQuality

QualityDefinition

Qualityin detail

QualityImprovemen

t

Configurationanalysis

QualityTargets

QualityImprovement

QualityImprovement

Network Quality CycleQuality Improvement


General Quality Improvement

Configuration

Features

HardwareModel Sites

Tilting, modification of directions, etc

Call setup

Traffic

Quality

Mobility

Features to using current configuration better

Expansion


Telecom Solution Construction Solution

Shelters

Towers, Masts, Poles

Installation Material Packages

Antenna Systems

Site SupportSystems

Base Stations

CellularTransmission

Systems

Cables & Tools

Model Sites


NetAct Optimizer For automated, measurement based optimization of operational GSM&WCDMA networks

Improved optimization accuracy

• Parameter tuning is done based on network statistics – no predictions

• Accurate results with accurate input – no fine tuning

More efficiency via automation

• Seamless support for optimization process phases

• Automated data transfers via NetAct integration

• Visualization and analysis to helpdecision making for optimization tasks

• Focusing on essentials

NetActOptimizer


NetAct Optimizer Optimization Process for Operational Networks

WorkflowWorkflowAutomationAutomation

Consistency Consistency checkschecks

Automated Automated changechange

downloaddownload

DecisionDecisionSupportSupport

VisualiseVisualise

AnalyseAnalyse

OptimiseOptimise

ProvisionProvision

OptimiseOptimiseManuallyManually

OptimiseOptimiseAutomaticAutomatic

Elements andElements andConfigurationConfiguration

KPIs and KPIs and alarmsalarms

PerformancePerformanceAnalysisAnalysis

Detect andDetect andDiagnoseDiagnose

CM, PM, FMCM, PM, FMCorrelationCorrelation

AnalysisAnalysis

Verify Verify performanceperformance

ScopeScopeSelectionSelection

Result Result verificationverification


NetAct Optimizer Optimizer modules

2G/3G OptimizerGraphical Adjacency Management

Radio Access Configurator

Advanced Visualization for 2G/3G

Automated Adjacency optimization for 2G/3G

Service optimizer for 2G/3G

PM DB

• KPIs for analysis• visualization• optimization

• Actual CM data• Change provisioning

Optional

OptionalOptional

Performance optimization for 2G/3G Optional


NetActOptimizer

NetAct Optimizer Optimizer product conceptEfficiency of shared NetAct installation• Common HW, administration, look and feel, documentation• Access to optimisation functionality can be controlled

Automation through seamless NetAct integration• Actual CM data uploaded automatically from RAC DB• Automated access to KPIs

– Nightly calculation from raw counters in PM DB– Import from preferred PM tool (integration project)

• Optimisation results stored as plans in RAC DB

Measurement based optimization for the key tasks• GSM frequency and BSIC plan optimization• Interference control for WCDMA• Seamless adjacency and handover

management for GSM & WCDMA • Capacity and QoS optimisation

Visualisation and analysis functionality• Topology, parameters, KPIs in one view


Optimizer interworking in NetActAutomated access of configuration parameters• Uploaded actual CM data updated in Optimizer

nightly from RAC DB– Most important elements and parameters– Site & antenna information to show the cells on map

• Planned data supported, too

Optimization results stored in RAC DB for centralized provisioning• Plans available in CM Operations Manager

Measurement control in NetAct• Activation and control of standard and

special measurements

Automated retrieval of KPIs • Nightly calculation of KPIs from PM DB raw counters

– Fixed KPI formulas used– Daily, Daily BH, Weekly, Weekly BH levels– Selected BSS and RAN KPIs for optimization

• With integration project the KPIs can be retrieved from a preferred PM tool


Visualization and analysis

A thorough understanding of the current network status is essential before taking any optimization actions• Configuration audits• Parameter setting checks• Performance overview

Optimizer provides efficient means to view all this geographically• To identify the problematic elements

for further analysis

New technology and services require new knowledge• Optimizer combines the essential information

together for meaningful entities• Easy understanding of the dependencies


Common functionality for GSM&WCDMA

Geographical visualization and analysis• KPIs and parameters automatically on map• Customized quality thresholds

Graphical adjacency management• Actual adjacencies on map• Manual or automated distance based

management of all adjacency types• Border area adjacencies• Parameters from templates automatically• Scrambling code collision check and correction• Instant provisioning for Nokia elements

Powerful parameter management with Browser• KPIs and parameters in the same view• Dedicated, customized views per task• One-by-one or mass editing of parameters • Change tracking

Management of plans between RAC and Optimizer


Measurement based GSM optimization

BSC

Serving BTS

Interference Matrix generation based on mobile measurements• Control for the BSS measurements• Generation of interference matrix • Verification of interference validity

Interference root cause analysis• Complemented with Timing Advance analysis

Automated Adjacency Management• Automated algorithm to propose optimal adjacencies• Unused adjacency deletion based on HO statistics• Missing ones created based on interference matrix

Performance optimization• Frequency allocation based on

measured interference• All hopping modes supported• All RF hopping types supported• Allocation completed with BSIC allocation

and other parameters


Interference matrix from BSS measurementsOptimizer uses the BSS measurements for interference matrix generation and further to adjacency and frequency plan optimization• CF & DAC measurements or totalFEP measurement of S11.5• Method to measure interference in all BCCH frequencies• Fast and efficient measurement process

BSC

BTS

BALBAL BALBAL BALBAL

BAL = All BCCH

BCCH of undefinedcells

...and definedadjacent cells

Active MS

GSM standard HO procedure used in the basis of measurements

• All active mobiles listen the neighboring cell BCCHs and report the 6 strongest to BSC

Special measurement in Nokia BSS• CF and DAC in S10.5, total FEP in

S11.5• Temporary BA lists defined for

measurement period to include all surrounding cell BCCHs

• Mobiles measure all BCCHs in BA list• BSC collects and stores the data and

forwards to NetAct • Data collected for few days

Optimizer generates the interference matrix from the measurements


Interference root cause analysis

Optimizer generates the interference matrix automatically

• Co-channel and adjacent –channel matrices

• C/I probability and Average Received Power values calculated

Before the interference is used in optimization measurement validity and interference root cause can be analyzed

• Statistics to verify that the measurements are reliable and thoroughly collected– Amount of sample, traffic, coverage value

• Methods to analyze the interference root cause– Overshooting cells

– Distance to interferer


Frequency allocation procedure

Analyze the current performance

• View the KPIs and allocation on map and browser

• DCR, call quality, BCCHs, hopping modes

Collect interference measurements

• With CF and DAC measurements in BSS

Generate and verify interference matrix

• Check that all cells are measured

• Analyse interference location and root cause

Perform allocation

• BCCH and TCH allocation

• RF Hopping allocation: MA-lists, MAIO parameters, HSN

• Other necessary parameters: TSC, BSIC, all IDs

Verify results

• View allocation on graphs, tables and map

Download plan to network with Radio Access Configurator

• Centralised provisioning for the whole area

• Using scheduled download, background DB etc


Automated Adjacency Optimization for 2GAutomated adjacency optimization based on measurements

• Deletion of unused adjacencies based on HO criteria– User defines the thresholds for

HO attempts and HO success criteria– Sometimes the corrective action is to tune

the HO parameters, not delete the adjacencies• Adjacency creation based on interference matrix

– Signal strength between source and target cells considered

Result verification on table view and map

Centralized, automated download to network• With Radio Access Configurator

CM Operations Manager• Instant Adjacency Provisioning

activates the provisioning processin background from Optimizer


Seamless adjacency management

Graphical adjacency management on map• GSM, WCDMA, inter-system adjacencies

Initial adjacency creation algorithm• Cell location based

Adjacency management over border areas• Controller areas, LAC, PCU areas• NetAct regions, vendor regions

Automated parameter completion from templates• Cell templates from CM Editor are used• Template assignment rules defined in

Optimizer per adjacency type

Instant adjacency provisioning• Activating the provisioning process in

background• Valid for all kinds of adjacencies• Changes still stored into a plan


Service OptimizerEDGE capacity analysis for Nokia

Support for identifying and analyzing the capacity bottlenecks in EDGE

• Topology view of the critical chain

• Capacity analysis to identify where the bottlenecks are now– Overview highlighting the poor performance areas and the cause of that

– Detailed visualization of each element / interface situation Radio interface load A-bis/ EDAP pool capacity view BSC/PCU and Gb capacity analysis

• Proposals of corrective actions– Analysis of capacity addition consequences to other interfaces

GGSN

Application

Servers BSC 2GSGSN

Application Servers in Internet

Abis(EDAP)

GbPCU


Seamless multi-vendor network optimizationThe current Optimizer functionality and optimization process can be used with any vendor

• Special measurements for 2G and 3G may have vendor dependent limitations

•Border areas / overlapping areas can be handled seamlessly

Data from other vendors is imported and mapped to the data model of the tool

• CM data imported from the other OMC to Radio Access Configurator

•Ready calculated KPIs are retrieved from the preferred PM tool

•Site and antenna data from the one master DB

•Integrations agreed together with the client to ensure perfect fit to the process and other tools

Optimization results exported from RAC for provisioning


Effective parameter changesAfter the analysis the corrective actions, parameter changes, can be taken in Optimizer

Browser – the table view for efficient modifications• Ready made combined CM&PM views

– For most important tasks• Dedicated views per task• Data filtering and sorting• Mass editing capabilities• Value consistency checks• Import/Export interfaces• Always up-to date

change tracking

Ready made HSDPA view

Mass editing of parameters

Adjacency parameter & KPI view

Highlights:


Allocation result verification and download

Optimizer includes in-built methods to evaluate the optimization results before they are activated in the network

Verification in several levels of details

• Initial evaluation while in allocation tool

• High level analysis on map

• Before provisioning consistency checks can be run Download automatically with RAC

• Directly or via background DB

• In GSM&WCDMA NWs the BCCH information is automatically updated to WCDMA cells having neighborhood with GSM cells


Support for planned cells and TRXsOptimizer can also be used for finding initial frequencies and adjacencies for new, planned cells Initial frequency for new TRX• Optimizer has functionality to select the best frequency for a new TRX without complete allocation process• The existing interference matrix is used •The frequency can be reserved before the TRX is implemented

Initial adjacencies and frequencies for a new cell• New cell needs to be created in RAC as planned cell• The cell is visible in Optimizer• Existing interference matrix is complemented with predicted interference including the new cell• Frequency and BSIC allocation is run• Adjacency generation is run• These settings are complemented to the planned cell data in RAC

– Taken into use when the cell is implemented and when parameters are provisioned for launch


GERAN Cross Company TrainingNorth SystemInternal

(E)GPRS Planning and Optimization

Day 3, Session 4, 14:45 – 16:00


(E)GPRS Network Infrastructure

GPRS IPBackboneNetwork

DNS

CG

GGSN

Internet

Corporate 1Intranet

LIG

Corporate 2Intranet

SS7Network

PSTNMSCBSCBTS

MS

EIR

HLR/AuC

SMS-GMSC

SGSN

SGSN

SGSN

MODEMPOOL FOR DIALUP

Nokia IP650 sec GW

Router

Router

RouterSTM-1

STM-1

SGSN

GGSN

Router

Router

Nokia Security GW

LAN SWITCH

MODEMPOOL FOR DIALUP

Nokia Security GW

Nokia Security GW

Nokia IP650 sec GW

Nokia IP650 sec GW

Nokia Security GW


BSC & PCU Functionalities

Base Station Controller (BSC) functions are:

• It is the Radio Resource Manager for BSS• Routes the incoming user and signaling info to MSC & MS• Handles the A-bis and A-interface specific signaling• Handles the related traffic

Packet Control Unit (PCU) functions are:

• Channel access control functions (i.e. access request and grant)• GPRS radio connection establishment and management functions• GPRS RRM functions (like power control, congestion control, broadcast control information)• Data transfer and LLC PDU management:• Coding scheme selection (CS1-4 and MCS1-9)• Dynamic Abis interface management functions• Gb interface management functions, Gb load sharing (uplink) and flow control (downlink)• PCU measurements (statistics)• Network controlled and network assisted MS cell changes


BSC3i computer units in 1st Cabinet

900 x 600 x 2000

BSC3i base cabinet BSC3i base cabinet

MCMUMCMUMCMUMCMU OMUOMU

BCSUBCSUBCSUBCSU BCSUBCSU

BCSUBCSUBCSUBCSU BCSUBCSU

•In BSC3i there can be 0, 1, or 2 PCU-B or PCU2-D plug-in units in each BCSU

•Both the PCU-B and PCU2-D hardware plug-in units contain two logical PCUs

•In the BSC2i there can be 0, 1, or 2 PCU1 variants or PCU2-U plug-in units in each BCSU

•The amount and types of the PCU plug-in units can be selected flexibly according to the functionality and traffic handling capacity needs

BCSUBCSU

PCU units

Architecture changes:

10 + 1 BCSU units (5+1 in basic cabinet)

LANU

Ethernet Message Bus (EMB)

Removed units:

MBIF’s


PCU2 versus PCU1 capabilitiesPCU capabilitiesVariants --> PCU PCU-S PCU-T PCU-B PCU2-U PCU2-D

BSS 10.5 ED & BSS 11Max BTSs 64 64 64 2*64 N/A N/AMax TRXs 128 128 128 2*128 N/A N/AMax SEGs 64 64 64 2*64 N/A N/AMax Radio TSLs 256 256 256 2*256 N/A N/AMax Abis channels at 16kbps 256 256 256 2*256 N/A N/AMax Gb channels at 64 kbps 31 31 31 2*31 N/A N/A *)

BSS 11.5Max BTSs 64 64 64 2*64 128 2*128Max TRXs 128 128 128 2*128 256 2*256Max SEGs 64 64 64 2*64 64 2*64Max Radio TSLs 128 128 256 2*256 256 2*256Max Abis channels at 16kbps 256 256 256 2*256 256 2*256Max Gb channels at 64 kbps 31 31 31 2*31 31 2*31 *)

number of logical PCU on board 1 1 1 2 1 2BSC type BSCE,

BSC2, BSCi, BSC2i

BSCE, BSC2, BSCi,

BSC2i

BSCE, BSC2, BSCi,

BSC2i

BSC3i BSC2i BSC3i

Note that the max values are not necessary the most optimal ones.

*) 31 TSL for single Gb link limited by ET. The sum of several links up to 32 TSL.


(E)GPRS BSS Network Dimensioning and Planning - Content

Preparation for Planning

•Operator’s Business Plan Analysis•# of users with traffic volume

•Services with QoS

•Controlled investment

•Operator’s BSS Network Analysis•Hardware audit

•Software audit

•Feature audit

•Coverage and C/I Estimation

Planning Activities

•Deployment Planning

•Air Interface Capacity Calculations•TSL data rate and multislot usage

•Avail / required capacity calculation

•Connectivity Calculations•CDEF and DAP size

•PCU calculation

•Gb link calculation

• PAPU and SGSN calculation


Network AnalysisBusiness Plan

The business plan shows the importance level of (E)GPRS services. – The networks need different setup in case of e.g. background service

requirement without guaranteed bit rate on selected BTSs only compared to the e.g. streaming requirement for the whole network.

Therefore the network planning outcome should be in accordance with the business plan.

Usually the business plan requirements are mainly related to:– Number of users with traffic volume (with density map)

– Services with QoS both on CSW and PSW

– Controlled investment

All the expectations above must be fulfilled to operate successful (E)GPRS services.


Network AnalysisBSS Hardware and Software

Both the hardware types and software / feature releases used by the operators must be analyzed to stress the importance of limits in implementation.

BSS Hardware Considerations BSC types with PCU and PCU2 (if any), BTS types (with Baseband units),

TRX capability (mixture of GPRS and EGPRS TRXs)

GSM Feature Considerations MultiBCF and Common BCCH, RF and BB Hopping, FR/DR/HR and AMR,

IUO/IFH


Network AnalysisConfiguration and Traffic Figures

The following items should be collected before capacity dimensioning:

• Site configuration (segments with BTS, cells, TRXs)

• Existing traffic figures (CSW and PSW (if any) traffic volume on BTS level with blocking expectations)

• Expected traffic figures with QoS (based on the operators' business plan)


Network AnalysisAir Interface

The coverage and interference should be analyzed, because the TSL data rate is defined by coverage and interference as well.

• The signal level and interference level can be analyzed by:– Planning tool plots

– Drive test measurements

– OSS measurements

The RLC/MAC TSL data rate used by the capacity dimensioning can be based on the graphs below:

RLC/MAC Data Rate (FTP Download on 2 TSLs)

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

-65 -70 -75 -80 -85 -90 -95 -100 -105

Signal level (dBm)

kbp

s

No Interference

C/I 25 dB

C/I 20 dB

C/I 15 dB


Deployment Plan

The aim behind the preparation of deployment plan:

•Maximize the TSL data rate (RLC/MAC) and multislot usage

•Minimize the impact of PSW services on CSW services (and vice versa)

•Take all the hardware and software considerations into account

•Controlled investment

Most of the networks can be described by few cell/segment options

The analysis of the different options can give exact picture about the network based on:

•Operators’ business plan

•Hardware types, software releases (features and parameters as well)

•Operators’ current network structure and functionality

•Coverage, quality and capacity characteristics of BSS


Deployment Plan - Cell / Segment Option Creation

Cell / Segment option examplesLayer strategy BTSs TRXs TSL0 TSL1 TSL2 TSL3 TSL4 TSL5 TSL6 TSL7 PSW terr.

TRX1 BCCH TCH/D TCH/D TCH/D TCH/D TCH/D TCH/D TCH/DTRX2 TCH/F TCH/F TCH/F TCH/F TCH/F TCH/F TCH/F TCH/FTRX3 TCH/F TCH/F TCH/F TCH/F TCH/F TCH/F Default Default (E)GPRS

Layer strategy BTSs TRXs TSL0 TSL1 TSL2 TSL3 TSL4 TSL5 TSL6 TSL7TRX1 CBCCH SDCCH TCH/D TCH/D TCH/D TCH/D TCH/D TCH/DTRX2 TCH/F TCH/F TCH/F TCH/F Default Default Default Dedicated (E)GPRS

Layer2 CSW only BTS2 TRX3 TCH/F TCH/F TCH/F TCH/F TCH/F TCH/F TCH/F TCH/F

Layer strategy BTSs TRXs TSL0 TSL1 TSL2 TSL3 TSL4 TSL5 TSL6 TSL7TRX1 CBCCH SDCCH TCH/D TCH/D TCH/D TCH/D TCH/D TCH/DTRX2 TCH/F TCH/F TCH/F TCH/F TCH/F Default Default Dedicated GPRS

Layer2 CSW, EGPRS BTS2 TRX3 TCH/F TCH/F TCH/F TCH/F Default Default Default Dedicated EGPRS

Layer strategy BTSs TRXs TSL1 TSL2 TSL3 TSL4 TSL5 TSL6 TSL7 TSL8 PSW terr.TRX1 CBCCH SDCCH TCH/F TCH/F Default Default Default Dedicated EGPRSTRX2 TCH/D TCH/D TCH/D TCH/D TCH/D TCH/D TCH/D TCH/DTRX3 TCH/F TCH/F TCH/F TCH/F TCH/F TCH/F TCH/F TCH/FTRX4 TCH/F TCH/F TCH/F TCH/F Default Default Default Dedicated GPRS

Cell / Segment option 2

BTS1CSW, GPRS, EGPRSLayer1Cell / Segment option 1

BTS1

BTS1Cell / Segment option 4

CSW, EGPRS

Cell / Segment option 3

Layer1

Layer1 CSW, GPRS

CSW, GPRSLayer2 BTS2

Layer1 CSW, (E)GPRS BTS1

Cell / segment option creation (PCU1)

•The options can cover most of the cell/segment configurations of the network

•These options can be analyzed in details, so the time consuming cell/segment based analysis is not needed

•All the options are examples and can have different channel configuration


Air Interface CapacityAvailable Capacity

The available air interface capacity can be calculated by the following way:

Available air interface capacity for (E)GPRS (TSLs) = Amount_of_TRXs*8 - signaling_RTSLs (KPI: ava_52* + ava_51) – Average CSW traffic (KPI: trf_202) - free_RTSLs (Param.:CSD and CSU)

The air interface capacity (TSLs) is suitable, if it is >= 4, because 4 TSLs are recommended for 4 TSL multislot usage (CDEF=4 TSLs)

(with HMC the CDEF can be 5 TSL, too)

*CDED is not counted by ava_52, therefore ava_51 must be used if CDED is used


Connectivity CapacityCDEF Size

Define CDEF for all the BTSs in the BSC– 4 RTSLs are recommended to provide the availability of 4 TSLs

capable MS without territory upgrade (Par.: CDEF) (it can be 5 TSLs if HMC is used)

– If there is low amount of PSW traffic on the cell, then the CDEF can be less than 4 RTSLs (KPI: trf_74c/trf_213c, trf_167/trf_215a Par.: CDEF)


Connectivity CapacityDAP Size

Define the # of DAPs and DAP size for all the BCFs in the BSC– The recommendation for DAP size (64 kbps TSL) is DAP size = CDEF

if one BTS/ EDAP configuration is used. If CDEF is less than 4, still 4 TSL DAP size is recommended.

– The recommendation for DAP size (64 kbps TSL) is DAP size = average of CDEFs*1.3 if 2 BTS/ EDAP configuration is used. If average CDEF*1.3 is less than 4, still 4 TSL DAP size is recommended.

– The recommendation for DAP size (64 kbps TSL) is DAP size = average of CDEF*1.5 if 3 BTS/ EDAP configuration is used. If average CDEF*1.5 is less than 4, still 4 TSL DAP size is recommended.

– If DAP size calculation gives less than 4 TSL DAP size the recommendation is still 4 TSL DAP to support 4 RTSL capable MS with MCS9 on all the RTSL

– Make the same calculations for all the required BCFs– Make the same calculations for all the required BSCs


Connectivity Calculations# of PCUs

Based on the CDEF and DAP size inputs the # of required PCUs can be calculated

– Count the # of Segments, BTS objects, TRXs in the BSC (100 % utilization is allowed)

– Define the EDAP strategy (one EDAP for the BCF, more than one EDAP for a BCF)

– Calculate the # of EDAPs / PCU (it is recommended to have 1,2,4, or 8 EDAPs/ PCU1; 1-8 EDAPs with PCU2)

– Calculate the # of RTSLs and Abis sub-TSLs related to BSC (70 % utilization is allowed)

– Calculate the # of logical and physical PCUs based on BSC type

– Make the same calculations for all the required BSCs


Connectivity CalculationsGb Size

• Calculate the Gb size based on # of EDAPs and size of EDAPs connected to PCU– The recommendation for Gb size is Min_Gb_1 = 1.25*Max_EDAP size– The average traffic from several EDAP can be calculated with k-factor:

Min_Gb_2 = k * Average(EDAP_size_1 to EDAP_size_n)

– The k-factor is selected based on the estimate of the short term traffic distribution among different EDAPs. If no specific information about the distribution is available it is recommended to use the default values for k.


Connectivity CalculationsGb Size

– The recommendation for Gb link size is Max(Min_Gb_1, Min_Gb_2)

– The final Gb link size might need to be adjusted to fit to available E1/T1 links.

• Define the Gb size connected to all the PCUs in one BSC• Define the Gb size for all the required BSCs


Connectivity in SGSN (SG5)

The following limits must be taken into account:

• 1024 PCUs can be connected to SGSN (with 16 PAPU)

• 64 PCUs can be connected to PAPU

• 3072 Gb links can be connected to SGSN (with 16 PAPU)

• 192 Gb links can be connected to PAPU

• 120 E1s can be connected to SGSN (with 16 PAPU)


(E)GPRS BSS Network Optimization

GSM Network Optimization*•Coverage maximization

•Interference reduction

•Capacity optimization (air interface and connectivity)* Not part of this training

(E)GPRS Network Optimization•Signaling capacity & resource allocation improvement

•Data Rate

•Connectivity Capacity (MS-SGSN)

•TSL data rate improvement and multislot usage maximization (BSS)

•E2E data rate (applications)

•Mobility improvement


GSM Network Optimization

The optimal GSM network from PSW services point of view has: As high signal level as possible• It means that even the indoor signal level should be high enough to have MCS9 for getting the highest

data rate on RLC/MAC layer.As low interference as possible • The aim of having high C/I is to avoid throughput reduction based on interference. Enough capacity• Enough BSS hardware capacity (interface and connectivity) is needed to provide the required capacity for

PSW services in time. Both CSW and PSW traffic management should be harmonized with the layer structure and long term plans.

As few cell re-selection as possible• The dominant cell coverage is important to avoid unnecessary cell-reselections in mobility. The prudent

PCU allocation can help to reduce the inter PCU cell reselections. • Dominant cell structure can help to maximize the signal level and reduce the interference, too.Features• All the features should be used which can improve the PSW service coverage, capacity and quality in

general.

The GSM network is the physical layer of (E)GPRS, so the optimization of GSM network can improve the performance of (E)GPRS, too. Pls. refer to GSM BSSPAR and RANOP


(E)GPRS Network Optimization

Signaling Capacity & Resource Allocation improvement• Signaling

– RF, TRXSIG, BCSU, PCU, MM and SM signaling

• Resource Allocation– Cell (re)-selection, BTS selection, scheduling

Data Rate• Connectivity Capacity (MS-SGSN)

– CDEF size, DAP size, # of PCUs and BCF allocation among PCUs, Gb size and PAPU (SGSN)

• TSL data rate improvement and multi-slot usage maximization (BSS)– TSL utilization, TBF release delay and BS_CV_MAX, LA, UL PC, multiplexing, multislot usage

• E2E data rate (applications)– Flow control, SGSN, TCP/IP, applications

Mobility improvement (outage reduction)• PCU rebalancing• LA/RA design• NACC


Links

Details about NetAct Optimizerhttp://domino.inside.nokiasiemensnetworks.com/NET/OSS/bookshlf.nsf/vwDocsByCat1All2?OpenView&Start=1&Count=1000&Expand=36

Optimization Guidelineshttps://sharenet-ims.inside.nokiasiemensnetworks.com/livelink/livelink?func=ll&objId=358173597&objAction=Browse&viewType=1

(E)GPRS Networks – Dimensioning Quick Guideshttps://sharenet-ims.inside.nokiasiemensnetworks.com/Open/362637122

(E)GPRS Networks – Dimensioning and Planning Guidelineshttps://sharenet-ims.inside.nokiasiemensnetworks.com/Open/362642110

(E)GPRS Networks – Optimization Guidelineshttps://sharenet-ims.inside.nokiasiemensnetworks.com/Open/362650970

(E)GPRS Networks – Toolshttps://sharenet-ims.inside.nokiasiemensnetworks.com/Open/362631176

6. GSM Optimization and (E)GPRS Planning and Optimization

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