6. glass making and intro to powder metallurgy

Typical process sequence for glass working

Raw material:Principal component: silica (SiO2)Additives: Na2O, CaO, K2O

• Discrete process for piece ware like bottle, light bulbs

• Continuous process of making flat glass/tube: used for glasswindow/lab wares, fluorescent light

• Fiber making processes: fibers for insulation or fiber glass composite

Shaping of pieceware

• Spinning

• Pressing

• Blowing

• Casting

Processes

Spinning

Pressing

Press and blow

Blow and blow

Rolling of flat plate

Float process

Drawing of the glass tube

Drawing of continuous glass fiber

Powder Metallurgy Process

Element or alloy metal powder Additives (lubs or binders)

Blending

Compaction

Sintering

Optional secondary Manufac

Optional secondary Fininshing

Finished P/M Product

Production of Metal particles(a,b): atomization by gas(c): atomisation by water(d): centrifugal atomization

Conventional Powder Metallurgy: Production Sequence

1. The blending techniques

3. The sintering technique

2. The compaction techniques

Special Pressing and Sintering Technique

Isostatic Pressing

Cold Isostatic Pressing Hot Isostatic Pressing

Combined pressing and sintering

Few Powder Metallurgy Products