5/2/2015COSPAR-20061 Blossoms of Science - - National Center for Astronomy Education Jordan Valley College & Tel Aviv University, Israel Astronomy from.

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Blossoms of Science -- National Center for Astronomy Education

Jordan Valley College & Tel Aviv University, Israel

Astronomy from kindergarten up to the boundaries of the universe

“COSPAR-2008”

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The Aim: to convert study of sciences in school and in teacher colleges from process of violence of “stupid” pupils by “stupid” teachers into process of join research of collaborators in the field of join interest.

• Why astronomy and space science?• Change of the paradigm from study to research = change

of educational unit from “knowledge” to “project”• “Privatization” of knowledge and experience by pupil

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Kindergarten+ Elementary SchoolKindergarten+ Elementary School: 7-13 years7-13 yearsUnits: NanoProjects from “Touch the Sky”=1 hour

Unit: Final DIPLOMA Research – Participation of selected students of high schools in real scientific projects with scientists-

researchers as collaboraters and support group.=400h=****

Preparation of teachers of Sciences in Colleges and University to creative methods in astronomy education

Strategy of the Blossoms of Science: Study as scientific Research - Projects

Intermediate School: 13-17 year

Units: MiniProjects in “Day of Science”, “Portable Lab and Mobile Observatory”, “Summer Astronomical Camps” =4-6 h

Internet sources: “Internet Astronomical School”, “Astronomy Picture of the Day”, “Tours in the Solar System”

High School: (17-18 years) - ASTROTOP

Units: MacroProjects in real astronomical themes with real observational data from solar activity up to Big Bang=100h=**

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Astronomy for Kindergarten“Touch the Sky”

• Morning– Touching the sun– My shadow– The child at the mirror– Puddle and the sky

• Noon– How hot is it today?– Where does the sun go?– Follow the sun– Who is longer: me or my shadow?

• Evening– Expanded moon– Calendar and moon phase– Is the moon the king of the night?

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Portable Astronomical Laboratory

• The PAL includes set of telescopes (10 cm and 2 * 20 cm) with solar filters, movable planetarium, set for rockets experiments, and more. It allow school children to do astronomy experiments and observations at school and in their own neighborhoods.• The PAL has been designed to meet the

following objectives:– To arouse an interest in astronomy. – To provide basic concepts in astronomy. – To stress the exploratory learning

environment– To enrich the study of science.– To enable children, students and teachers

to have a deeper interest in astronomy.– To enable students to conduct research

and advanced projects in astronomy on higher levels (summer camps, ASTROTOP, Diploma Projects).

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Astro-Top - Projects for High Scholl Students 11-12 grades

•An Astro-Top is an Astronomical research project run by High School students (years 11 & 12) in the Physics class. •The Astro-Top can take the place of the Laboratory Matriculation Exam and be developed further to cover another exam unit. •The Astro-Top is supervised by a physics teacher and supported by The National Astronomical Teaching and Research center - The Jordan Valley College & Tel Aviv University.

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Stages of Astro-Top • Selection of Subject. • Background Research. • Preparation of Research Proposal. • Focus on the Research Question. • Hypothesis and its Criteria. • Planning of Methodology and Data

Collection. • Data Collection from Internet and our Data

Base. • Data Processing and Analysis of Result. • Conclusions. • Final discussion with attention to new

questions that arise from the Research.

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Selection of Subject.

• principles for selection of subject:– The subject must be of interest to the students.– There should be a reasonable chance that the student can

acquire a fair background to be able to understand the subject .– The teacher or specialist assigned for each student can

supervise the assignment. – The student can analyze the data and draw conclusions.

• How to chose a subject?– Astronomy picture of the day – breath taking picture banks

that include  over 1800 photos and pictures. To each an explanation with relevant links.

– Pool of students projects – that includes 400 high school projects organized by subject.

– Pool of Astronomy resources – the pool includes 150 different Astronomical concepts and is linked to additional explanations on the net.

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Proposals for Research • The Earth and it’s surroundings• Cosmic Rays

– The interaction between Cosmic Rays and the Earth Atmosphere.– The interaction between Cosmic Rays, Earth Magnetosphere and Solar activity.

• From Solar Storms to Magnetic Storms– From Solar Storms in the sun to Magnetic storms on Earth.– The Northern Lights: Are they dangerous?– Solar eruptions and their shock waves impact on earth.

• The Sun• Sun spots

– Sunspots and the Solar Magnetic Field.– Proof of the solar rotation through sunspots.– The Rotation of the Sun: from Galileo to present day.– Solar cycle activity and the effect on the Earth.

• The Solar System• Eclipses in the solar System

– Lunar eclipses and measuring the radius of the moon.– Solar eclipses on other planets.– Eclipses of Jovian moons and measurement of the velocity of light.

• Kepler’s Laws in the Solar System– Kepler’s Laws and the definition of the masses of the planets.– High and Low Tides and Cannibalism in the Universe.

• Stars• The colors of the Stars

– What does the Star’s color tell us.– Populations in the world of the stars.

• Spectroscopy of the Stars– The Continual Spectrum of the Stars.– The Line Spectrum of the Stars.– Eclipses in the world of the Stars: Measurement of the Physical Size of the Stars through their eclipses.

• Galaxies and Quasars– Measuring the Mass of the Quasars in the Universe.– What is the weight of the Black Hole in the Galaxy Center.– Populations of the stars and nebulae in our Galaxy – Milky Way.

• The Universe• The Evolution of the Universe – Hubble’s Law

– Run-away of galaxies from Supernova observations in them – manifestation of the dark energy.– Measuring the distances and run-away velocity for spiral galaxies – Hubble law discovery.– Searching for the structure of the universe on a global scale using deep survey of the galaxies in polar strip.– Gamma bursts, their position on the sky and possible nature.

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Research Proposal:

The Rotation of the Sun, from Galileo to the present time

•Aims–To compare Galileo’s observations of the sun’s rotation from 400 years ago to recent observations. –To check any changes over the years and describe them. –To explain the reasons for these changes if found.

•Objects –Sunspots and the solar rotation.

•The Research Question–What are the changes in the sun’s rotation over the 400 years from Galilleo till now.

•General Knowledge–Historical Background: The history of science in Gallileo’s time.

•Background in Physics: –Mechanics: –rotation, angular motion and  rotation period, conserving of angular momentum. –Electricity and Magnetism: Electric fields and currents, magnetic fields, Ohm’s Law, Faraday’s Law.

•Astronomical Background: –The structure of the sun. –The origin of solar energy. –The propagation of solar energy outwards from the center. –The origin of magnetic fields in the sun.

•Mathematics and computer background: –Algebra, Spherical geometry, trigonometry, EXCEL.

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The Rotation of the Sun, (cont.)

•Required information– Data from observations of sunspots in the optical light from Galileo and in present time– Sunspots images from the internet.–The data can be found in the recommended links.

•Stage of Project– Measurement of coordinates of the sunspots in Galileo’s sketches by Microsoft PhotoEditor or Photoshop and estimation of the rotation period of the sun in his time. – Measuring in the same way using up last years observations. – Comparison of the rotation periods and the predominant sunspots position from Galileo’s observation till now. – The differential rotation should be taken into consideration. – Summary of the project.

•Recommended site (general knowledge)•http://www.exploratorium.edu/sunspots/index.html

•Recommended sites for Data•Background and general information.Optical Pictures from the Satellite SOHO OBSERVATORY: http://sohowww.nascom.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/soho _images_bydate?summary•sunspots observations from the Hawaii observatory •sunspots in real time from the SOHO satellite

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Looking for Cooperation• We would like to cooperate with Space and

Astronomy Education Centers (AEC) in the world

• Looking for sharing:– Astronomy education experience– Astronomy educational matter and approach– Joint projects and activities in the International

Cooperation– Adaptation of our methodic and matter for our

international collaborators

• Dr. David Pundak [email protected]

• Dr. Lev Pustilnik [email protected]

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Preliminary Results after 13 year experience

• Several thousands pupils –authors of micro and mini projects in the frame of “Day of Science”, “Portable Lab and Mobile Observatory”, “Summer Astronomical Camps”

• First places in Pan-European competitions of educational project in astronomy (Sky-Watch 2005 and Discovery Space 2006).

• Hundreds pupils, who tested themselves as reseachers and continue this activity in universities and after.

• (unique experience in different national-religious-mentality groups of Israel society from orthodox judish (hasids from Migdal Ha Emeq), arabian mouslims (Um Al Fahm) and arabian christians from Nazareth up to extra-atheist groups from kibutses of Jordan Valley – joint research in space/astrophysics field with natural experience of intergroup coolaboration .

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Thank youThank you

We are open for We are open for collaborationcollaboration

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Blossom of Science Activities:

• Research• Development of astronomical

material for:– Kindergarten– Elementary School– High School

• Interactions with the community:– Teacher center– Internet astronomy school– Portable astronomy lab– Science and astronomy camps– ASTROTOP – mini-projects in

astronomy– Diploma Projects – participation

in research in astronomy (TAU)

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Research: (SGAO) Sea of Galilee Astrophysical Observatory, Wise

Observatory of Tel Aviv Iniversity, Israel Space Weather and Cosmic Ray Center

with Hermon Observatory• The SGAO Observatory is located in the southern

part of the sea of Galilee (-200 m).• Includes 2*40-cm optical telescopes MEADE with

ST-6 CCD matrix (5 years archive of 154 nights, 35 variable stars, 53,000 files).

• Includes solar radio telescope RT-2.5: monitoring and forecast of solar flares

• Cooperation with Cosmic Ray Observatory (Mnt. Hermon) of Space Weather Center (ISA&TAU) and Wise Observatory in Mitspe Ramon (Negev)

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A short list of projects we lead

• Astronomical research (stellar and solar activity)

• Development of educational projects using the Internet: Internet Astronomy School, (Eng and Heb), Astronomy Picture of the Day (Heb), Resource Dictionary (Heb), Collection of Students’ Projects (Heb), Tours in the Solar System (Heb).

• Guiding high-school students working on research projects (ASTROTOP and Diploma Projects)

• Extracurricular classes in science and astronomy

• An astronomy newsletter • An annual summer science youth camp in

Astronomy (micro-projects) - 200 participants/summer

• Teachers' seminars in the fields of astronomy, physics and computers.

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Student Activities Astronomy in Action

•Introduction to astronomy by active learning

•Cycle of : question, conjecture, research, conclusions, new questions

•Peer instruction•Astronomy phenomena:

– sun– moon– light and sight – atmosphere – solar system– heat and color

• 22 activities

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Active Astronomy Teacher Guide

• Pedagogy: – Discovery approach– Peer instruction– Student learns like a researcher

– Paves the way from the class to the boundaries of the Universe.

• Physics Education Research (PER)

• Background in astronomy for physics teachers.

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Internet Astronomy School