• 5/19 Focus: 5/19 Focus: – Over time, French kings had increased royal power by increasing the influence of the government and reducing the power of nobles • Do Now: Do Now: – Which Russian monarch was able to acquire a warm water port for Russia?
Jan 04, 2016
• 5/19 Focus:5/19 Focus: –Over time, French kings had
increased royal power by increasing the influence of the government and reducing the power of nobles
• Do Now:Do Now: –Which Russian monarch was able to
acquire a warm water port for Russia?
Henry IVHenry IV
• First king in the Bourbon Dynasty
• Converted from Protestantism to Catholicism
• Helped end years of religious conflicts in France– Edict of Nantes
granted religious freedom to Protestants
Louis XIIILouis XIII• Ruled from 1610-
1643• Cardinal Richelieu
was an important advisor to the king– Roman Catholic
cardinal – Protected and
strengthened royal authority in France• Forbid Protestant cities
from having walls • Ordered nobles to
destroy fortified castles– Helped make the
French army the strongest in Europe
– Basically ruled France with the king
• Ruled from 1643-1715– Ruled longer than
any other monarch in Europe
– Became king when he was four years old
– Cardinal Mazarin helped Louis XIV rule• Efforts to end the
Thirty Years War made France the most powerful nation in Europe
• Died when Louis XIV was 23
Louis XIVLouis XIV
Louis XIVLouis XIV
• Known as the Sun King– Louis XIV took the
Sun as a symbol of his power
• Once said “I am the State”
• Demanded complete loyalty from subjects
L’état, c’est moi
L’état, c’est moi
Divine RightDivine Right
• Louis claim to absolute power were supported by Bishop Jacques Bossuet– Argued that:• the king was
God’s representative on Earth• was entitled to
unquestioned obedience
Establishing Absolute Establishing Absolute PowerPower• Louis XIV expanded
the bureaucracy – Appointed officials to
collect taxes, recruit soldiers, carry out his rule throughout France
• Built a highly disciplined army which became the strongest in Europe– Got involved in a
number of wars• Spanish Netherlands • War of the Spanish
Succession
•
Cultural AdvancesCultural Advances
• Louis XIV promoted culture by supporting arts
• Art was used to promote values that supported and glorified Louis’ absolute rule
•
VersaillesVersailles • Built the Palace of
Versailles– Main palace was 500
yards long – Two wings each
were 150 yards long– 2,000 rooms
• Palace was meant to show the wealth and power of King Louis XIV
• Louis required nobles to move to Versailles– Could control nobles
who became dependent on him
Legacy of Louis XIVLegacy of Louis XIV
• Louis XIV drained French Treasury building Versailles, living extravagant lifestyle and fighting costly wars– Led to social
unrest among starving peasants
ClosureClosure
• What did Louis XIV mean when he said “I am the State”?
• What did Bishop Jacques Bossuet believe justified Louis XIV’s absolute rule in France?
• What long term impact did the construction of Versailles and involvement in military conflicts have on France?