35682 - World Bank Documents & Reports

AppendixITS Applications Around the World

AppendixITS Applications Around the World

Toshiyuki YokotaNRI

July 22, 2004

ITS Technical NoteFor Developing Countries

35682

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Table of Contents

ITS in the Three Regions _____________________________________________________ 2

1 East Asia ____________________________________________________________________________ 2

2 Eastern Europe ______________________________________________________________________ 9

3 Latin America _______________________________________________________________________ 15

Facts Sheet ________________________________________________________________ 20

1. Developing Countries ______________________________________________________________ 20

1.1 Traveler Information _________________________________________________________________ 20

1.2 Traffic Management __________________________________________________________________ 29

1.3 Demand Management ________________________________________________________________ 42

1.4 Road Management ___________________________________________________________________ 43

1.5 Electronic Financial Transactions ______________________________________________________ 48

1.6 Commercial Vehicle Management ______________________________________________________ 58

1.7 Public Transport Management _________________________________________________________ 66

1.8 Incident and Hazard Response_________________________________________________________ 74

2. Developed Countries_______________________________________________________________ 77

2.1 Traveler Information _________________________________________________________________ 77

2.2 Traffic Management __________________________________________________________________ 79

2.3 Demand Management ________________________________________________________________ 81

2.4 Road Management ___________________________________________________________________ 81

2.5 Advanced Driving Assistance__________________________________________________________ 86

2.6 Electronic Financial Transactions ______________________________________________________ 86

2.7 Commercial Vehicle Management ______________________________________________________ 99

2.8 Public Transport Management ________________________________________________________ 103

2.9 Incident and Hazard Response________________________________________________________ 107

i

Glossary BOT Build-operate-and-transfer

CCTV Closed circuit television

DSRC Dedicated short range communication

EFC Electronic fee collection

ETC Electronic toll collection

GDP Gross domestic product

GIS Geographic information system

GNI Gross national income

GNSS Global navigation satellite system. Generic term for systems such as GPS (US) or Galileo (EU etc.)

GPS Global positioning satellite. A GNSS of USA

GSM Global system for mobile communication

HOV High occupancy vehicle

IC Integrated circuit

IT Information technology

ITS Intelligent transport system

LRT Light rail transit

OBU On-board unit

PC Personal computer

PDA Personal digital assistance

PPP Public-private partnership

RDS-TMC Radio data system - traffic message channel.

SCATS Sydney Coordinated Adaptive Traffic System

SCOOT Split cycle offset optimization technique

SMS Short message service

TCC Traffic control center

VMS Variable message signs

Positioning System A system used to determine the geographic location of a movable object, like a vehicle or cargo

container..

Data dictionary

A formatted, computer-readable listing of data elements (including meaning and format) and data

messages (including meaning, usage, and format) for a particular application or family of

applications.

Smart card A card containing an integrated circuit that can store and (in some cases) process data.

Appendix 1

ITS in the Three Regions

1 East Asia

1.1 Selection of Survey Subject Countries East Asia includes China, which is already achieving extraordinary growth, and neighboring countries such as Vietnam, Laos

and Myanmar, which are also expected to grow rapidly. The region is introducing ITS at various levels.

Survey subject countries in Asia were those, mainly located in East Asia, where the deployment of ITS is under way or just

beginning. Therefore Vietnam, Indonesia, the Philippines, Thailand, China and Malaysia were selected. Examining, for example,

per capita Gross National Income (GNI), there is a eightfold spread between US$430 in Vietnam and US$3,540 in Malaysia, making

it easy to differentiate their characteristics by level of development.

Table 1 Basic Data for East Asian Countries

Population Area Population Density GNI GNI per capita

Country 2002

(Million)

2002

(thousand km2)

2002

(person / km2)

2001

(Million USD)

2001

(USD)

Malaysia 24 330 74 86.1 3,540

Thailand 62 513 121 123.3 2,000

Philippines 80 300 268 82.4 1,030

China 1,280 9,598 137 1,234.2 960

Indonesia 212 1,905 117 149.9 710

Vietnam 80 332 247 34.8 430

Cambodia 12 181 71 3.8 300

Lao PDR 6 237 24 1.7 310

Myanmar 49 677 74 - -

Source) http://www.worldbank.org/data/wdi2004/tables/table1-1.pdf

While there are large disparities in economic level, these six countries have achieved growth even as they have weathered the

economic crisis of the late ’90s, and that growth has been accompanied by rapid urbanization. The concentration of population in

the cities is accompanied by social problems such as worsening traffic congestion, air pollution, and rapidly increasing traffic

accidents, none of which can be overlooked. At the same time, the diffusion of cellular telephones and the Internet is rapidly building

an environment in which many people have access to these services, laying the groundwork for the use of IT to solve traffic

problems. In particular, infrastructure development is easier for cellular telephones than for conventional fixed lines, because only

base and relay stations are required. Therefore foreign companies are pushing low-cost handsets into the market, while outdated,

used cellular telephones and PCs are extremely cheap to obtain, propelling very rapid diffusion.

2 Appendix

http://www.worldbank.org/data/wdi2004/tables/table1-1.pdf

1.2 Characteristics of East Asia

(1) Problems Leading to the Deployment of ITS

Traffic congestion associated with extreme population concentration in cities

Regional disparities between urban and rural areas have always been large, but as the pace of progress accelerates in urban

areas, the disparities only widen. Rural people gravitate to the cities in search of jobs or higher wages, and the concentration of

population inevitably leads to traffic congestion.

For example, the Indonesian Ministry of Transport reports that the urban population was 17% of the national population in 1970,

rising rapidly to 31% in 1990. The figure is still rising at 4% per year.

Traffic congestion due to under-development of road networks

The development of toll and trunk roads, led by the state or by private operators, is proceeding, but the formation of road

networks to link them is lagging behind.

For example, in Bangkok (Thailand), Build-Operate-and-Transfer (BOT) enterprises were developing the ring road, but many of

them collapsed in the Asian economic crisis of the mid-1990s. The ring road remains incomplete and does not function adequately.

Worsening air pollution due to poorly maintained vehicles

Individual passenger services using small vehicles and motorcycles are standard. Many of these vehicles were built without

emission control devices, and they are often poorly maintained. This is recognized, even locally, as a cause of air pollution.

Examples include the Jeepneys of Manila (the Philippines), which are small taxis, and Tuktuks of Bangkok, which are motor

tricycle taxis. They commit many traffic violations, such as improper lane changing and double parking, which are major causes of

traffic congestion.

Figure 1 Scenes in Manila, (the Philippines) (Left: Business district, Right: Outskirts)

Appendix 3

Table 2 Air Pollution in Jakarta (Indonesia) CO NOx TSP

Street Result Standard Result Standard Result Standard

Sudirman 11,943 20 0.125 0.050 556 260

G. Subroto 8,061 20 0.058 0.050 384 260

S. Proman 8,133 20 0.056 0.050 581 260

Kramat Raya 10,145 20 0.061 0.050 951 260

Casablanca 10,344 20 0.053 0.050 259 260

Note) Survey results from CO: carbon monoxide, NOx: nitrogen oxide, TSP: total suspended particles

Result: Badan Pengendalian Dampak Lingkungan (BAPEDAL)

Standards: Environmental standard values in Indonesia.

Source) BAPEDAL investigations

Low awareness of traffic rules, and attitudes that prioritize vehicles over pedestrians

There is not enough awareness of the need to observe traffic rules in some areas, so driving on road shoulders and

double-parking on roads is an everyday practice. This lack of awareness is widespread, so society as a whole does not perceive a

problem. For example, police stations in Jakarta (Indonesia) simply sell driving licenses for around US$42, and most drivers have

no knowledge of traffic rules.

Also, vehicle owners are generally wealthier, and this can lead to a deep-rooted attitude that vehicles should have the right of

way. The Thai Ministry of Health reports that traffic accidents are the number one cause of death in the country, with two or three

people being killed or injured per hour in Bangkok alone. The Ministry puts the associated economic losses at US$1.75 billion per

year.

Low level of public transport services

Buses are being deployed increasingly widely in cities as everyday transport for citizens, but pick pocketing and mugging are

common, and buses are not always a means of transport that can be used with safety and peace of mind.

A number of cities are enthusiastically developing subways and railways, but ridership can be low because of short rail line

length and high fares, leading in a vicious circle to a decline in service quality.

(2) Factors Promoting the Deployment of ITS

The rapid diffusion of cellular telephones and expanding Internet use

GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) cellular telephones can be used in all East Asian countries except for Korea

and Japan. Infrastructure development is easier for cellular telephones than for conventional fixed lines, and foreign companies

such as Nokia are aggressively marketing low-cost handsets, resulting in cellular telephone diffusion throughout the world.

Another factor is that outdated handsets are sold at around one fiftieth of the price of the latest models, as is the case in Jakarta

(Indonesia), further spurring cellular telephone diffusion.

4 Appendix

Figure 2 Movements in the IT Environments of Various Countries

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650

PC Users per 1,000 people

Internet Users

per 1,000 people

1999

2000

2001

France

USJapan

UK

Germany

Italy

Malays i

Czech

Chile

Poland

Mexic

Brazil

Argentina

Romania

Thailan

Phillipine, China, Indones ia, Vietnam

Source) ITU web site(http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/ict/statistics/)

Inflow of Foreign Technology and Capital creating Expectations for Industrial Development

Countries with developing and transitional economies have high hopes for using the economic assistance systems of Japan, the

U.S., and Europe to fund infrastructure development, particularly for developments that would be difficult for such countries to

achieve unaided. The manufacturers and System Integration companies of developed countries are also keen to make inroads into

such markets.

(3) ITS Applications Being Deployed

Diverse means of providing traffic information

In East Asia, a diverse mixture of new and old technologies, such as radio, television, fixed-line telephones, fax, cellular

telephone, the Internet and email are used to provide traffic information services. In particular, radio equipment is cheap and has

been widely used for a long time. Radio-based services were confirmed to exist in five of the six surveyed countries. Recently there

have been increasing imports of cheap, foreign cellular telephone handsets, and outdated models of handsets and Personal

Computers (PCs) have come onto the market at low prices, expanding services and rapidly broadening the range of users. The

spread of GSM cellular telephones in recent years has also focused attention on Short Message Services (SMS).

Sources for traffic information include reports from the general public, monitoring by the police and road administrators (CCTV,

inductive loops etc.), in which humans pass on information. For example, the radio station JS100 in Bangkok (Thailand) uses

information from 200,000 member listeners to provide near-real time traffic information. The kind of automated information

gathering seen in developed countries has yet to be achieved.

Appendix 5

Figure 3 Road Traffic Information provision by Cellular Telephone SMS (the Philippines)

Tr fic data collection systems using onboard units

r entirely lacking. Therefore, when a country

re

and technology

for

oard unit remain functional.

outes

lectronic Toll Collection (ETC) systems have been deployed in five of the six surveyed countries, and motivation for deployment

d tollgates and to prevent theft by toll collectors.

were being prepared in five of the six

co

af

In East Asia, the basic data that would identify traffic problems is often inadequate o

alizes that it needs to know about its traffic situation, it needs simple measurement systems.

Once a system has been deployed, it needs regular maintenance, and the question of how to obtain the funding

maintenance is increasingly becoming an issue.

For example, Manila (the Philippines) has introduced a pilot system that uses communication between onboard and roadside

units to measure the time a moving vehicle takes to cover a certain distance. However, because of breakdowns and theft, only five

of the 40 onb

Electronic Toll Collection Systems that are being deployed for individual r

E

is high. The aims of deployment are to alleviate congestion aroun

In some cases deployment involves the multiple state-owned enterprises and BOT operators that build and operate toll roads,

and individual operators may deploy systems of differing types on the roads they manage. Clearinghouses are also required for

dividing the collected tolls between operators. It is simple to deploy an isolated system, but the real task is to achieve overall

integration.

One example of system implementation is seen in Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia), where the IC card usable with the Electronic Toll

Collection System can also be used as an electronic ticket for public transport.

Commercial vehicle tracking systems to enhance efficiency

GPS can be used to track commercial vehicles such as trucks and taxis, enhancing efficient operation. Vehicle tracking requires

digital maps to reflect latitude and longitude information, but the level of readiness of such maps differs greatly between countries.

Services were only confirmed in two of the six surveyed countries. However, digital maps

untries and similar services are expected to be launched in all countries in the future.

For example, 1,000 taxis in Shanghai (China) are equipped with onboard GPS equipment. The dispatching center uses vehicle

position data to achieve the optimum vehicle dispatch to meet customer calls.

6 Appendix

Tr fic management systems based on the import of foreign technology

uire some degree of system scale and function if they are to

de

gorously marketing

the

as smaller cities of Malaysia, have developed their

ow

prominent as elements of urban planning

efforts to relieve traffic congestion. Electronic tickets are now being introduced as a means of making services more attractive as

the related infrastructure is devel c transport.

In the past it has been common for multiple public transport agencies to issue their own IC cards, but a system that allows

passengers to use common cards across all systems would add convenience.

For example, an IC-based smart card service called Touch ‘n’ Go Card has been introduced in Malaysia. It is a single card that

can be used on multiple modes of transport, such as Light Rail Trains (LRT) and buses. The same card can also be inserted into an

onboard unit in cars for use in ETC systems. Some comprehensive restructuring of public transport system (bus system) is also

undertaken in some areas such as Jakarta, after the model of Latin American countries.

Figure 4 ETC Gates Where IC Cards can be used (Malaysia)

af

Signal management and other traffic management systems req

liver enough impact. Signals themselves have been installed in all of the surveyed countries, but there were no instances of

multiple signals being networked in self-developed systems to achieve efficient operation.

The private sector companies that developed SCATS in Australia, SCOOT in Britain and ITACA in Italy are vi

ir products in East Asia. For example, the capitals and major cities of China, the Philippines, Thailand, and Malaysia are adapting

SCATS and SCOOT to their own needs in preparation for import. Some, such

n system, which is more limited in scope but suitable for their needs, such as lower operation staff.

Public transport management systems to improve convenient

Linkage between buses and railways and the introduction of new transport systems are

oped. IC-card based tickets can be used across all modes of publi

(4) Issues Facing the Deployment of ITS

Lack of funds

Many East Asian countries have a relatively low GDP and are chronically short of funding for enormously expensive

infrastructure developments. Because of their cost and difficulty, solutions to traffic problems are commonly assigned low priority

Appendix 7

Most of the surveyed countries stated lack of funds as the reason for their lack of progress in ITS deployment.

For example, the construction of toll roads in Indonesia is going ahead without combined laying of optical fiber cable, because

funding for the fiber cable is unavailable. It is anticipated that the cable will have to be laid in future, and the later construction will

cost more than laying the cable as the roads are built.

Lack of knowledge among government decision makers

efore the advent of ITS technology, it was thought that infrastructure development would be a precondition for its deployment,

nt approach is often to deploy ITS simultaneously with infrastructure

de

fac

e and technology

sh

olved in ITS deployment, which makes it important to coordinate the various interests involved.

particular, government-related organizations are often highly territorial, which means that it can take a long time to reach a

ingle system if it overlaps multiple fields (as ITS applications often do). In East Asia, it is common

for

sponsible for the planning and deployment of ITS

me

rventions, which often lends the

sy be of low performance.

Th

, and they are therefore

op

on the metropolitan area is distributed via the Internet, but ordinary drivers are not

h enough to own a PC, so the Internet-based traffic information service is not used effectively.

Even if a system is released, there are often not enough trained people able to operate it. Shortage of funds often means there

eng lt, equipment that breaks down goes unprepared and

un

B

but the global spread of IT means that the most efficie

velopment. However, there is a strong perception among some developing countries that ITS is only for developed countries. In

t, in at least two of the six surveyed countries, the policymakers responsible for government transport policy were under the

mistaken impression that “ITS is a high-cost system deployed only in developed countries using the latest technology” and “ITS is a

luxury”. There are also cases where the policymakers concerned are completely unaware of ITS.

Lack of information is certainly impeding the deployment and spread of ITS, and training to provide knowledg

ould be considered.

Building implementation schemes and organizations

Many groups and bodies are inv

In

decision on the deployment of a s

a number of government and civil organizations to be involved in the operation of a single system, and data is often not shared

between those organizations. The situation makes it difficult to provide users with common, integrated services.

In Malaysia, for example, differences of approach between the organizations re

ant that almost no progress was made in actual deployment for several years. Even after the introduction of a traffic

management system, differences in views with the law enforcement has led to numerous inte

stem to

e lack of a users’ viewpoint

Transport policymakers often see value in the deployment of ITS as an end in itself, but do not have a clear concept of who the

ITS users might be. One cause is that, as mentioned above, they lack basic data on their own countries

erating in an environment where they cannot find out what users would need.

For example, in Bangkok, traffic information

ric

Training engineers

are no ineers able to make repairs, or not enough of them. As a resu

used. There is too little awareness of the need to build training systems to develop skilled IT engineers.

8 Appendix

For example, a majority of roadside cameras installed in Manila do not work. Those responsible blame lack of funds, but the lack

of people to repair them is also a large factor.

2 Eastern ope

2.1 ction of Sur Subject Countries Follow switch to market omies in Eastern Europe at the start e ’90s, tempor

economi gion has since recovered.

Table 3 Basic Data for Eastern E e

Eur

Sele veying the econ of th ary turmoil caused negative

c growth, but the re

urop


Country 2002

(Million)

2002

(Thousand km2)

2002

(person / km2)

2002

(Billion USD)

2002

(USD)

Slovenia 2 20 98 20.4 10,370

Czech 1 130 79 2 56.0 5,480

Croatia 4 57 80 20.3 4,540

H 1 5ungary 0 93 110 3.7 5,290

Poland 3 3 1 179 13 27 6.6 4,570

Slovak 5 49 112 21.3 3,970

Macedonia 2 26 80 3.5 1,710

Romania 22 238 97 41.7 1,870

Bulgaria 8 111 72 14.1 1,770

Serbia and

Montenegro

8 102 - 11.6 1,400

Albania 3 29 115 4.6 1,450

Bosnia and

Herzegovina

4 51 81 5.4 1,310


re ar I the countries range from Slovenia, with per capita GNI almost

on a par with advanced Western countries, to Bosnia and Herzegovina. In the case of Eastern Europe, this disparity shows signs of

rapid recovery. There is considerable variation between

Eastern European countries in terms of population and GNI, so relatively large countries were chosen for the survey. The selected

representative countries from across the

ra

The e disparities between countries. In terms of per capita GN

improvement, where the war beaten former Yugoslavia nations show

countries were the Czech Republic, Poland, Romania, Hungary and Slovakia. These are

nge of economic levels. They also account for 72% of the population of Eastern Europe, and 82% of GNI, which makes them a

Appendix 9

valid group for determining the overall regional characteristics of Eastern Europe.

2.2 Characteristics of Eastern Europe

(1) Problems Leading to the Deployment of ITS

Tr

e start of the ’90s. However, in

areas where old urban roads remain, little progress is being made in developing new urban roads, and development is failing to

congestion in urban areas such as Prague (the Czech

Re

ext 15 years, which would take the present

ro

s

arts in

the

ical interruptions in its expressways, which are one cause of

the

lems, and the expressways do not function as a logistics network.

ter so s

s mentioned above, this region has well developed systems of public transport, such as subways, LRT, and buses. Most of the

d they are important means of transport for the populace.

romoting the Deployment of ITS

blic, Poland and

affic congestion due to infrastructure development lagging behind traffic growth

The number of owned automobiles has grown rapidly since the shift to market economies at th

keep pace with the steep rise in the vehicle population. As a result, chronic

public) and Bucharest (Romania), particularly in the morning and evening rush hours, is rapidly becoming a major problem.

For example, traffic volume is reported to have doubled in Bucharest (Romania) over the last ten years. In Hungary, a growth

rate of 2% per year. in both freight and passenger traffic is expected to continue for the n

ad network to bursting point by 2020.

However, as will be described below, public transport systems such as subway, LRT and buses are relatively well developed in

Eastern Europe, and automobile congestion is less severe than in other regions (particularly Asia).

As foreign trade expands, inadequate road network hampers logistic

Eastern European countries often share borders with more developed western countries, and their trade relations with Western

European countries have expanded since the ’90s. However, Eastern European countries lag behind their western counterp

development of road networks, particularly expressways, resulting in inefficiencies.

The Czech Republic, which shares a border with Germany, has phys

truck congestion that occurs frequently on the outskirts of Prague. Poland is making little progress with expressway construction,

partly due to lack of funds and to institutional prob

Grea phistication is demanded from public transport system

A

major cities of each country are equipped with public transport, an

However, most of the routes were built decades ago, and there is a need for greater sophistication in terms of fare collection and

management systems, with more integration between transport types.

For example, (and among other problems) interconnection between LRT and bus systems is poor in Bucharest (Romania) and

fare-setting problems make them difficult to use.

(2) Factors P

Attainment of EU standards in preparation for EU accession

EU accession has been, and still is, an important goal for many of the countries in Eastern Europe. Czech Repu

10 Appendix

Hu

ards for road quality. In the transport field countries aiming for EU

membership need to take a range of steps in order to achieve the necessary standards, the foremost of which are road

y formation

an

rough the introduction of standard technology

ellular telephones based on the GSM standard and the Internet are spreading rapidly. By now, most business people and

he spread of cellular telephones has been accelerated by the introduction of GSM as the de facto standard in Western

torola and others in Western Europe are being sold in Eastern Europe,

en

e of Germany operates a cellular telephone service in the Czech Republic, and similarly

Or

(3

Freight management systems using GPS and GSM

GPS is well advanced and widely used in truck management systems. The introduction of such systems has been confirmed in

Poland, Romania and Hungary, among the surveyed countries. In addition to managing the movement of trucks, the systems are

expected to assist in theft prevention.

In nearly all cases, vehicle position information is relayed through the GSM network. GSM allows roaming within both Eastern

and Western Europe, allowing it to be used across national borders.

Romanian firms have already succeeded in integrating GPS and GSM in a one-box solution, which is used as onboard unit.

ngary have already joined the EU in 2004, and Romania is working towards membership in 2006.

In order to qualify for EU accession, countries must establish various social and legal systems , and achieve financial targets.

They must also reduce traffic accident rates and set clear stand

rehabilitation projects.

Preparation of road transport master plans with foreign aid

Road transport master plans have been prepared for some countries and cities with aid from foreign agencies.

A nationwide road master plan has been prepared for Poland with assistance from the World Bank. A transport master plan for

Bucharest (Romania) has been prepared with JICA assistance, and those involved in road transport are using it in polic

d other applications. That plan also mentions the use of ITS.

Rapid diffusion of IT infrastructure th

C

university students have cellular telephones and use the Internet.

T

European countries. Handsets marketed by Nokia, Mo

abling the rapid spread of cellular telephone services without the need for a long period of R&D and standardization.

Furthermore, the communications carriers of Western Europe have begun participating in the cellular telephone business in

Eastern Europe. For example T-mobil

ange of France does so in Romania.

) ITS Applications Being Deployed

Appendix 11

Figure 5 The Monitor for a Tracking System Using GPS and GSM (Romania)

Public transport management systems for subway, LRT, buses and other means of transport

As mentioned above, public developed in this region. Their

management is also becoming more sophisticated. In particular, monitoring systems are being used to provide smoother operation

between different systems of public transport, and GPS is used for detailed management of bus movements. These measures form

the basis of other systems, such as arrival time notification for passengers.

In Prague (Czech Republic), key points on bus, LRT and subway routes are monitored by CCTV in order to contact the relevant

organizations swiftly in the event of an accident. In Ploiesti (Romania), antennas and onboard unit have been installed on buses on

certain routes. Under the new service, position information acquired by GPS is transmitted by GSM to the center, which passes

arrival time forecasts to users.

Figure 6 Prague Traffic Control Center (the Czech Republic)

transport systems such as subways, buses and LRT are well

12 Appendix

Figure 7 Bus Operation and Control System (Romania)

Ro

at actions be taken to ensure safety in the event of problems such as drifting snow. Such

sy

e road surface temperature

and nearby air temperature. T

Figure 8 Weather Information ovision System (Romania)

ad management systems monitoring road conditions

Many parts of Eastern Europe have harsh climates, with hot summers and cold, snowy winters. Road manager require real-time

knowledge of road surface conditions, so th

stems have been deployed in some areas and are used in road management.

The trunk road linking Bucharest and Brasov in Romania has sensors at several points to measur

he data is relayed to the control center through the GSM network.

pr

‘C

portant to increase the efficiency of truck transport.

In

argo vacancy’ trading service to enhance shipping efficiency

As foreign trade with Western Europe increases, it is becoming increasingly im

particular, efforts have begun to make efficient use of trucks by filling their spare cargo space with freight when they return after

Appendix 13

completing a delivery between two points.

TransInfo in Romania began a service in 2001 that trades cargo space over the Internet. Vacant cargo space is offered online

ons. Anyone who registers as a member can use the service. and shippers bid for it to set up transacti

Figure 9 Website for Vacant Cargo Space Marketplace (Romania)

(4

wards infrastructure development, which does not leave enough funding for ITS. This is partly because

the

with rising traffic volumes, but funding currently depends

on the gasoline tax. A need to increase dependence on BOT operators has been indicated.

Maintenance of syste

In some cases, systems are deployed but they orly maintained g to malfunction essively advanc ipment

may also have been insta ng in u or m

The d management sy , monitors road e conditions and us MS to deliver t mation to drive

there h alfunctions such a arnings of freezing roads when the air tem ature is 20°C. Drivers do not trust the

as a

Driver beh nd user awarene

Poor d havior and no in e in awareness of the benefits of using ITS services mean current problem

remain unsolved. There is a shortage of parking space in Bucharest (Romania) arking e roads is a c

problem, impeding traffic. This leads to an effective reduction of the supply of road space, and, by extension, causes additional

) Issues Facing the Deployment of ITS

Lack of funds

The deployment of ITS is impeded by the lack of developed infrastructure that is a precondition for deployment. Funding

allocation is weighted to

re is a strong attitude of “infrastructure development comes before ITS deployment”, but the major cause is that infrastructure

development gives immediately visible and tangible results.

For example, new road construction is needed in Hungary to keep pace

ms

are po , leadin s. Exc ed equ

lled, resulti nder-usage and po aintenance.

Czech roa stem surfac es V he infor rs, but

ave been m s w per system

result.

avior a ss

river be creas s that s may

and illegal p on th onstant

14 Appendix

conge

Pa is used in Prague age usage of public transport, but usa sport is not

increasi because the car re inconveni The number of ca ntering the city center is undiminished, so

congestion is not relieved.

3

Selection of Survey Subject Countries In Latin America, privatization of roads is so advanced it could be described as a model region for the privatization of public

ment, accompanying privatization, is relatively widespread.

selecting survey countries in the region, countries with low per-capita GDP and no ITS deployment were excluded from

e problems which ITS deployment could help address, and

those with relatively widespread ITS deployment or highly representative deployment patterns. Therefore Argentina, Brazil, Chile

oped countries that began ITS deployment

rel

in a bus

sy at is unique to the region and a leading technological example.

stion.

rk-and-Ride (Czech Republic) to encour ge of public tran

ng, partly parks a ent. rs e

Latin America

3.1

infrastructure. Most countries are semi-developed, and ITS deploy

In

consideration. Emphasis was placed on countries where there are sever

and Mexico (ABCM) were chosen as the survey countries. ABCM are semi-devel

atively early.

ITS has also been deployed in countries such as Colombia and Ecuador, which can be described as countries with developing

and transitional economies. Therefore Colombia was added to ABCM as a survey subject. Colombia has deployed ITS

stem th

Table 4 Basic Data for Latin American Countries


Country 2002

(Million)

2002

(Thousand km2)

2002

(person / km2)

2002

(Billion USD)

2002

(USD)

Argentina 36 2,780 13 154.0 4,220

Uruguay 3 176 19 14.6 4,340

Venezuela 25 912 28 102.3 4,080

Chile 16 757 21 66.3 4,250

Brazil 174 8,547 21 494.5 2,830

Peru 27 1,285 21 54.0 2,020

Colombia 44 1,139 42 79.6 1,820

Paraguay 6 407 14 6.4 1,170

Ecuador 13 284 46 19.1 1,490

Bolivia 9 1,099 8 7.9 900


In t ut it could fall as a result of the recent economic crisis. Of the Latin erms of per-capita GNI, Argentina is at a high level, b

Appendix 15

American rage is higher than for East

Asia.

(1 Problems Leading to the Deployment of ITS

Tr

Air pollution aggravated by topography

additi co City (Mexico) and Santiago (Chile) are surrounded by mountains, while Bogotá

(Colombia) is at high altitude, and these topographical factors exacerbate air pollution.

In

s search for passengers. The result is worsened congestion and air

pollution.

(2

ards regional economic integration in groups such as NAFTA and MERCOSUR

NAFTA: North American Free Trade Agreement (USA, Canada, Mexico).

• MERCOSUR: Mercado Comun del Sur – Southern Common Market (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay are

members, Chile and

• Communidad Andina – Andes Community: (Colombia, Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador, Venezuela).

Regional integration in these groups is intended to increase foreign trade. Efforts are required to ease trade, which should

provide a boost for ITS given its role in smoothing road traffic and border controls between contiguous countries in the region.

survey subjects, Colombia has the lowest per-capita GNI, at less than US$2,000, but the ave

3.2 Characteristics of Latin America )

affic congestion associated with extreme population concentration in cities

Traffic congestion is intense and constant in major metropolitan areas such as Mexico City (Mexico) and Sao Paulo and Rio de

Janeiro (both in Brazil). Other cities also suffer from congestion. The causes are the same as those elsewhere in the world, such as

population concentration in urban areas, increasing vehicle numbers and underdevelopment of public transport systems.

In on to the problem of congestion, Mexi

adequate public transport development makes minibuses a problem

Some metropolitan areas have railways and subways, but they are often not networked properly, and many cities have no

railways. Such situations increase the role of buses, but as the bus systems remain unmodernized, a large number of old minibuses

with heavy exhaust emissions circulate as their operator

) Factors Promoting the Deployment of ITS

Moves tow

There are moves towards economic integration in the following groups:

• FTAA: Free Trade Area of the Americas (34 countries in the Americas).

•

Bolivia are associate members).

16 Appendix

Promotion of privatization

Latin America is a model region for the privatization of infrastructure projects, with most road projects conducted on a BOT basis.

Mexico made an early start in road privatization in the late ’80s and early ’90s, but concession periods were set too short, resulting

in excessive tolls and limited numbers of users. The situation threatened bankruptcy for the operators, and the roads returned to

government management. Other countries have learned the lessons of Mexico’s experience and are making steady progress with

privatization.

(3) ITS Applications Being Deployed

The tried-and-tested traffic management systems

Traffic signal management systems have been deployed in urban areas, as they have been in other regions. All of the five

surveyed countries had installed such systems in their capitals and other major metropolitan areas Belo Horizonte in Brazil has

deployed ITACA, and Santiago in Chile has deployed SCOOT. Sao Paulo in Brazil deployed ITAKA in the east and SCOOT in the

em)

As in roads are deploying ETC and road traffic management technology (CCTV,

emergenc d countries, systems have been deployed in all but

Colombia

Howev nconsistent systems, as seen in the case of ETC, creating interoperability

pr

sion in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)

.

south and central totalizing 1,200 signalized intersections.

Deployment of ITS by private sector expressway operators (ETC, road management syst

other regions, the operators of privatized

y telephones, detectors, control centers etc.). Of the five surveye

.

er, individual operators have deployed i

oblems. As the countries have land borders, some countries (Argentina, Chile) are thinking of standardization of ETC within Latin

America.

Figure 10 ETC in an Expressway Conces

Appendix 17

ITS deployed together with bus system reforms (public transport management systems, electro-ticketing)

Large numbers of old minibuses with heavy exhaust emissions circulate as their operators search for passengers. To improve on

thi

working of trunk and feeder routes.

• Introduction of new, larger (low pollution) buses on trunk routes.

• Electronic fare collection systems using IC cards etc.

anagement systems.

In some cases there is also linkage with bus-priority signal systems. Electronic fare collection systems make it easier to

introduce special fare systems for the elderly, handicapped, and poor.

e Tra roduced the same kind of electronic fare collection system as Belo

Horizonte on trunk routes as an ITS measure. A bus management system using the combination of cellular telephone and GPS has

anagement. The system has been extremely popular and touted as a huge success, which led to

the

Figure 11 New Bus System in Bogotá (Colombia)

s situation, there are moves towards the following measures throughout Latin America:

• Net

• Bus movement m

The trunk and feeder bus system that has begun in Curitiba, Brazil does not mean ITS has been deployed in Curitiba, but as the

system spreads elsewhere in Brazil, to Belo Horizonte and Rio de Janeiro, ITS systems such as electronic ticketing have been

introduced.

Th nsmilenio bus system in Bogotá, Columbia has int

been added for more advanced m

project being copied in Santiago (Transsantiago) and evern Jakarta (TransJakarta). Even outside the surveyed countries, GPS

is used on the Ecovia bus system in Ecuador.

Proposed bus systems are also under consideration in Buenos Aires (Argentina) and Santiago (Chile).

Satellite-based truck tracking systems and services for security

Freight shipping suffers from a high incidence of theft and other crimes, which cause high insurance premiums or refusal by the

insurance companies to provide coverage. This situation prompted service providers to introduce a satellite-based truck tracking

system for security in Mexico and Brazil (covering all of South America). The system has been extended from Brazil to Argentina.

In Chile, tags are used for rail and truck freight from copper mines and refineries, and a system to track them by satellite is being

developed.

18 Appendix

Border crossing systems

A border crossing system between the U.S. and Mexico was introduced under NAFTA. Chile also needs a border crossing

(however, those responsible are mainly thinking of road information

stems.)

) Issues Facing the Deployment of ITS

rdization and platforms

ed on privatized roads was int oc, inconsistent manner, which often creates interoperability

dization is a task for all the A

In this case, standardization within Brazil is a

urpose.

s

s a problem in every region. gentina in particular is now in the throes of an economic crisis, and Brazil is being

affected by the situation in Argentina. This situa ly to make project funding even more difficult.

al) cooperation and co ncies

Standardization and border crossing dem al (international) cooperation and coordination between agencies. In

Argentina there are a dictio

system because it is involved in both APEC and MERCOSUR

sy

(4

Standa

ETC deploy roduced in an ad h

problems. Standar BCM countries.

n issue, but it also extends to international standardization with Argentina and Chile.

ITS traffic data service in Sao Paulo, Brazil, but a common platform will have to be There is also an idea for the introduction of an

devised for that p

Securing fund

Securing funds i Ar

tion is like

Regional (internation ordination between age

and region

lso problems of juris n related to traffic accidents.

Appendix 19

Facts Sheet

eveloping Countr

1.1 Traveler Information

ation System

1. D ies

No. 1

Name Traveler Inform

City (country) Jakarta (Indonesia)

Execution Period Since Aug. 1972

Overview (background / service / system

configuration)

ad, fire and other such information has been provided. Special reporters

ioned at various locations to provide the traffic information. Also accessible

Traffic, ro

are stat

through Internet site (Sonora.co.id).

Private Radio Sonora Executing

Organization sa Marga Public Ja

Surveyed Results -

Applied Technologies

* CCTV

* Radio

* Fixed phone line, FAX

* Internet

Infrastructure-side

(roadside equipment, etc.)

CCTVs set at 40 locations along general roads

Deployment

Scale User-side

(onboard unit, others)

-

Testing / Operation Operation

Initial Investment / Operating Costs Unknown

Figure 12 A Radio Station Studio in Jakarta (Indonesia)

Appendix 20

Name Expressway Signboards

No. 2

Variable

City (country) donesia) Jakarta (In

Execution Period Unknown


configuration)

ased on information collected by CCTV.

VMSs are set at four locations along the expressway. The signboards have three

om top to bottom) the location, conditions and causes.

Jasa Marga creates contents b

lines showing (fr

Private Radio Sonora Executing

Organization Public Jasa Marga

Surveyed Results -

Applied Technologies * CCTV

* VMS

Infrastructure-side

ment, etc.)

ong the expressway

(roadside equip

CCTVs at two locations al

Deployment

Scale User-side


-



No. 3

Name rmation System (Phone and Radio) Traffic Info

City (country) Bangkok (Thailand)

Execution Period Since Sep. 1992


Started by the military. Currently strong ties with public organizations. The main

information are the some 200,000 registered members and aerial

dio and over the phone. Two-way

ervice. Service in

English is also being provided.

configuration)

sources of

observations. The information is provided by ra

communication with an operator is possible with the phone s

Private * Pacific Corporation

* JS100 (FM radio Station) Executing

Organization Public

* Army

* Police

* Traffic control center

Surveyed Results -

Appendix 21

Applied Technologi

* Fixed phone line

* Radio

es * Cellular phone

Infrastructure-side


Unknown

Deployment

User-side


Scale 200,000 registered members



Source http://www.pacific.co.th/js100/js100.shtml

No. 4

Name Provide Short Traffic Information Messages to Cellular Phones

City (country) he Philippines) Manila (T


Overview (backg

configuration)

ages about congestion, accidents and other traffic information based on

police reports and information from traffic helicopters are provided to cellular phones round / service / system

Short mess

in a text format upon request for a fee.

Private Globe Telecom Executing

Public Organization -

Surveyed Results Unknown

Applied Technologies Cellular phone

Infrastructure-side


Unknown

Deployment

Scale User-side


GSM Mobile Phone


Initial Investment / Operating Costs Unknown / User pays 2.0-2.5 Peso per query.

Source http://www.myglobe.com.ph/portal/access_guides.asp?catid=59

22 Appendix

Figure 13 Road Traffic Information Provision by Cellular Phone SMS (the Philippines)

No. 5

Name Traffic Information Provided through the Internet and E-mail




configuration) ugh the OCMLT website.

BMA (Bangkok Metropolitan Authority) has placed CCTVs at 60 intersections along

general roads. The information is provided in real-time thro

Private - Executing

Organization Public Office of the Commission for the Management of Land Traffic (OCMLT)

Surveyed Results -


t network

* CCTV

* Interne

Infrastructure-side


Unknown

Deployment

Scale User-side

(

2 million Internet users

onboard unit, others)

Approximately

Testing / Operati Operation on


Source http://www.ocmlt.go.th/

Appendix 23

Figure 14 We viding Traffic Information (Thailand) b Page Pro

No. 6

ransport Information System (IT IS) Name Integrated T

City (country) Klang Valley (Malaysia)

Execution Period Since 1996


ration)

ITIS is being developed to collect, process and provide traffic information

within all of Klang Valley, for a total stretch of

s completed in 2004. configu

comprehensively on a real-time basis

200 km of roads. The new TMC wa

Private MDC Executing

Organization Public -

Surveyed Results -


PS

hone

net network

* G

* VMS

* Cellular p

* Inter

* Digital map

Infrastructure-side

(roadsid t, etc.)

Unknown

e equipmenDeployment

Scale


* 250,000 users for PDA

or cellular phones

User-side

* 7 million users f


Initial Investment / Operating Costs Project investment: US$ 2.5 million

Source http://www.itis.com.my/

No. 7

System in Prague Name Information

City (country) Prague (Czech Republic)

24 Appendix



configuration)

is Traffic information is shown on 6 displays throughout Prague. The information

transmitted by a cellular phone network (GSM).

Private - Executing

Organization Public Association for Transport Telematics

Surveyed Results -

Applied Technologies GSM

Infrast de

(roadside e t, etc.)

splays at 6 locations ructure-si

quipmen

Di

Deployment

Scale User-side


-



No. 8

Name Information System on D5 Motorway

City (country) Czech Republic-Germany border



tion)

used to display parking instructions for trucks on the section of the

e border between Czech Republic and Germany. configura

VMS has been

D5 expressway that runs along th

Private - Executing



Applied Technologies VMS

Infrastructure-side


D5 Motorway

Deployment

Scale User-side


-



Weather Information System

No. 9

Name

City (country) Bucharest

(Romania)


Appendix 25


configuration)

to a control center. This information is also provided to road managers

or determining the proper dispatching of vehicles. Weather information

sts are also provided to the road users through VMP (Visual Message

e as VMS). The information is also supplied to the police. This system

maintenance costs as well.

Detection sites were set up at various locations along the roadways, which collected

information on traffic, weather, road temperatures and others, and then send this

information

that use it f

and foreca

Panel, sam

also helps to lower

Private - Executing

NAR (National Road Association, Romania) Organization Public

Surveyed Results -


* Road surface sensor

al Message panel, same as VMS) for drivers

rminals for road traffic managers.

* VMP (Visu

* Special te

Infrastructure-side


(Bucharest<-->Brasov) National Highway No. 1

Deployment

User-side


National Highway No. 1 (Bucharest<-->Brasov) Scale


Initial Investment / Operating Costs lion US$1.2 mil

Source NAR (Romania)

Figure 15 Road ania) Surface Condition Monitoring System (Rom

No. 10

Name

Internet Traffic Information Service

City (country) Major cities (Poland)

Execution Period 2000-

26 Appendix


ation)

This service provides information on weather and traffic problems over the Internet.

Currently no service is in place to provide this type of information to onboard units. configur

Private Korkonet Executing

Public Organization Unknown


Applied Technologies * Internet network

* Camera

Infrast de


ections in major cities ructure-si

quipmen

Main inters

Deployment

Scale User-side

board unit, others) (on

Internet terminal


Initial Investment Unknown / Operating Costs

Source net.pl/ http://www.korko

mation system via Internet

No. 11

Name Traffic infor

City (country) Janeiro, Florianopolis (Brazil) Sao Paulo, Rio de



ration)

Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Florianapolis etc. have already deployed a traffic

configu information system that provides congestion information via the Internet.

Private ompanhia de Engenharia de Tráfego) CET (CExecuting

Organization Public s Municipal government


Applied Technologies -

Infrast de


eras ructure-si

quipmen

Video cam

Deployment

Scale User-side


Internet



Source http://www.cetsp.com.br/

Appendix 27

Figure 16 n Provided by CET, Brazil Traffic Informatio

No. 12

Weather Information in Corridors Name

City (country) acama Desert (Chile) At


Overview (background / service / system eather information via the Internet.

configuration)

Provision of road w

Private Unknown Executing

Organization Public National Urban Roads Administration


Applied Technologies Internet

Infrastructure-side

ment, etc.)

Unknown

(roadside equipDeployment

Scale User-side


Unknown



Source http://www.mtt.cl/

ITS Deployment in the South Corridor (Chile-Argentina Connection)

No. 13

Name

28 Appendix

City (country) ile Ch


Overview (background / service / system ical stations and variable messages advise on avalanche and icing

configuration)

Meteorolog

conditions.


rganization Public National Urban Roads Administration O



* VMS

* Meteorological stations

Infrastructure-side


al stations Meteorologic

Deployment

Scale User-side


Unknown

Testing / Operation peration O



1.2 Traffic t

Name Urban Traffic Contryl systems in China

Managemen

No. 14

City (country) Shenyang, Guanzhou. Tianjin, Hong Kong, Hangzhou, Shihiazhauang,

uzhou, Ningbo (China)

Shanghai,

Yichang, S

Execution Period Since the mid 1990s

Overview (background / service / sys

configuration)

tem Traffic control systems using SCATS.

Private - Executing

Organization Public * Traffic management bureau of each city

Surveyed Results -

Applied Technologies CCTV, inductive loop, SCATS/SCOOT

Infrastructure-side


Over 2,200 junction over China

Deployment

Scale User-side


-


Appendix 29


No. 15

Name Urban Traffic Contryl systems in Beijing

City (country) Beijing (China)

Execution Period Since the mid 1990s

Overview (

configuration)

background / s system affic control systems using SCOOT. ervice / Tr

Private - Executing

Organization Public * Traffic management bureau of Beijing

Surveyed Results -

Applied Technologies Microwave radar, inductive loop, cellular phone, SCOOT

Infrastructure-side

(roadsid t, etc.)

ns in Beijing)

e equipmen

Over 300 junctio

Deployment

Scale

rd unit, others)

- User-side

(onboa



No. 16

Name Suspended Road Traffic Control System

City (country) Shanghai (China)


Overview (

configuration)

background / service / system btain information on traffic volume, speeds and traffic composition. Traffic

and the relevant organizations can

hen a vehicle breaks down.

O

conditions are captured in real-time by CCTVs

quickly respond when there is an accident or w

Private - Executing

Organization Public hanghai City of S


Applied Technologies * Inductive loop

CTV * C

Deployment

adside equipment, etc.)

6 traffic control centers

Scale (ro

Infrastructure-side

30 Appendix

User-side


-



Figure 17 Road Traffic Control Center (China)

ame BRITE system (Traffic Contryl systems of 2nd and 3rd ring road)

No. 17

N

City (country) Beijing (China)

Execution Period 2000?


ration) configu

Traffic control systems for the 2nd and the 3rd ring road in Beijing.

Private - Executing

Organization Public agement bureau of Beijing * Traffic man

Surveyed Results -

Applied Technologies Radar vehicle detectors, cellular digital communication, VMS

Infrastructure-side

(roadside equip

s, connected to the traffic

ment center through cellular phone systems, eight VMS (connected by

yber optics) ment, etc.)

Radar detector installed every 550m along the ring road

manage

phDeployment

Scale User-side


-



No. 18

Appendix 31

Name Monitoring Using CCTVs of Traffic Conditions

City (country) ) Manila (The Philippines

Execution Period Since Nov. 2001

Overview (ba

configu

ckg

ration)

CCTVs are installed along the roadside so that the traffic control centers can

derstand the traffic conditions for the main roadways in the metro-Manila region.

round / service / system

un

Private - Executing

Organization Public nt of Public Works and Highways

Manila Development Authority

* Departme

* Metropolitan

Surveyed Results -

Applied Technologies CCTV

Infrastructure-side


38 intersections

Deployment

Scale User-side


-



No. 19

Name Metro Manila Traffic Signal Project (Smart Traffic Signal Project)

City (country) Manila (The Philippines)

Execution Period 01 20

Overview (background / se system ATS, in order to upgrade the

stem and alleviate traffic..

rvice /

configuration)

A project to rehabilitate 419 intersections uing SC

sy

Private urrently Tyco) Plessy (cExecuting

Organization Public orks and Highways

Development Authority

* Department of Public W

* Metropolitan Manila

Surveyed Results -

Applied Technolo Inductive loop gies

Infr de

(r )

stalled signal equipment at 419 locations astructure-si

oadside equipment, etc.

In

Deployment

User-side

hers)

Scale

(onboard unit, ot

-


Initial Investment / Operating Costs US$20 million

32 Appendix

No. 20

Name Traffic Control System for the North-South Expressway Central Link KLIA

Expressway

City (country) Shah-Alam, Putrajaya, Cyberjaya (Malaysia)



configuration)

ystems on the North-South Expressway for everything

e. This is helping drivers along the north-south

round Kuala Lumpur.

ELITE has implemented s

from road design to maintenanc

corridor to bypass the congestion a

Private ELITE Executing



Applied Technologi

* CCTV

mergency telephone

* VMS

er line

Traffic contryl signal system

* Areal video displays

es

* Pan-Tilt-Zoom (PTZ) camera

* E

* Optical fib

*

Infrastructure-side


VMSs at 15 locations

Deployment

Scale User-side


-


Initial Investment / Operating Costs 4 million RM

No. 21

Name Area Traffic Control System

City (country) Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia)


Overview (background / se ystem

configuration)

Adaptive Traffic System) and ITACA have been

introduced for Kuala Lumpur. It has been introduced at 98 intersections as of 2000.

ATS detectors have been placed at some 700 locations, but roughly 20% of

these are currently broken. During the peak morning and evening hours the

volume exceeds the capacity of the system, so traffic has to be managed

e at these times. The police intervention itself has often been cited as the

reason for the poor performance.

rvice / s

SCATS (Sydney Coordinated

SC

processing

by the polic

Appendix 33

Private - Executing

ation Public ion of Malaysia) Organiz REAM (Road Engineering Associat

Surveyed Results -


* CCTV

* Inductive loop

* Signal equipment

Infrast de


0 loop detectors (20% are broken) ructure-si

quipmen

70

Deployment

Scale User-side


-



No. 22

em Name BLISS syst

City (country) * Johor Bahru (Malaysia)



configuration)

A urban traffic control system for the city of Johor Bahru. Not a fully adaptive traffic

ull automatic control over intersections. The system

to maintain compared to fully adaptive system. Has full

of the traffic police, which is rare in Malaysia. Saab ITS maintains the

control system, but provides f

requires less staff

cooperation

warranty for the software.

Private Brisbane City Enterprises (BCE) Executing

Organization Public ahru City Council) MBJB (Johor B

Surveyed Results rge success. Reported to be a la

Applied Technologies raffic control center

* CCTV

* T

Infrastructure-side


10 junctions, will be expanded to 30 Controls

Deployment

User-side


Scale -


Initial Investment / Operating Costs

No. 23

34 Appendix

Name Green Link Determining (GLIDE) Intelligent Traffic Light System

City (country) Singapore



ration)

Uses the SCATS system to control junctions

configu

Private - Executing


Surveyed Results -

Applied Technologies * CCTV, inductive loop, SCATS

Infrastructure-side

(roadside t, etc.) equipmen

Controls over 1,700 junctions

Deploymen

Scale

t

Us


er-side -



No. 24

Name Junction Electronic Eyes (J-Eyes)




ation)

Automatic incident detection and monitoring system and visual monitoring of traffic

conditions. configur

Private - Executing


Surveyed Results -


Infrastructure-side


Monitors over 100 junctions

Deployment

Us

(onboard hers)

Scale er-side

unit, ot

-



ban Traffic Control System

No. 25

Name Ur


Appendix 35



configuration)

stem using SCOOT system. Although it was operated 24

hours a day, it was often switched off by the center operators. System lacks

maintenance.

Urban traffic control sy

Private Peek Traffic Ltd. Executing

Public Organization Bangkok City government

Surveyed Results -


* CCTV

* Inductive loop

Signal equipment

rol center

SCOOT

Traffic cont

Infrastructure-side

ment, etc.)

ions

(roadside equip

143 junct

Deployment

Scale User-side


-


Initial Investment / US$ 10 million Operating Costs

No. 26

Name Multilane Free flow traffic Monitoring

City (country) * India

Execution Period 2003


configuration)

me monitoring system using laser based vehicle sensors. It can detect A traffic volu

the vehicle size/type and number, speed for multiple lanes simultaniously, which can

be used for traffic management and control.

Private Efkon Executing

Organization Public National Highway Authority of India

Surveyed Results N/a

Applied Technologies * laser based scanner (TOM 2000)

Infrastr ide

oadside equipment, etc.)

ucture-s

(r

40 lanes in 10 location

Deployment

Scale User-side

( onboard unit, others)

-

Testing / Operation Tender


36 Appendix

No. 27

raffic Control System in Prague5 Name Advanced T




configuration)

Traffic data is collected and analyzed for the 5th area (former urban area) in Prague.

sensors, and projections are made on waiting

nd other such items.

Data is collected by wireless

conditions at intersections a

Private - Executing



Applied Technologies Wireless sensors, VMS (information displays), CCTV

Infrastructure-side


Monitors 20 intersections. 12 information system.

Deployment

Us

(onboard hers)

Scale er-side

unit, ot

-



No. 28

Name Tunnel Control Systems

City (country) * Prague, Brno, etc. (Czech Republic)

Execution Period known Un

Overview (backgro m Five tunnels within the Czech Republic are monitored by a control center. Messages

ntrol center are displayed by VMS.

und / service / syste

configuration) from the co

Private - Executing




* VMS

Infrastructure-side

ment, etc.) (roadside equip

Unknown

Deployment

Scale User-side


-



Appendix 37

No. 29

Name Traffic Management System

City (country) Bucharest (Romania)



configuration)

enter was established 15 years ago as a pilot project, and the handling of

10 lanes (10% of all vehicles) has been successfully conducted as a test project.

eckpoints have been set up every 100m. When trams or other public transport

vehicles pass through these checkpoints, information is sent by radio to the centers.

ation can then be used to understand delays and other traffic conditions.

A control c

Ch

This inform

Private - Executing

Organization Public RATB (Regia Autonoma De Transport Bucuresti)


Applied Technologies Radio

Infrastructure-side

(roadside equipment, etc.) very 100m

* 10 lanes (10% of all vehicles)

* Checkpoints setup eDeployment

Scale User-side


-


Initial Investment / Operatin known g Costs Un

No. 30

Name Traffic Control System (signals)

City (country) arsaw, Poznan (Poland) W


Overview (background / se

arsaw and Poznan have introduced the most modern system in Eastern Europe.

In Poznan some 70 signals out of 200 intersections are connected to the Traffic

nter (TCC) and traffic volume at the intersections are measured by

ops. Video cameras have been set up at 50 intersections in Warsaw to

rvice / system

configuration)

W

Control Ce

inductive lo

monitor road conditions. There are a total of 7 control centers.

Private - Executing

Organization Public ILM (Institute of Logistic and Warehousing)



inals for traffic managers

* Inductive loop

* Camera

* Special term

38 Appendix

Infrastructure-side

(roadside equipment, etc.) nan (35%) are connected to the TCC.

* 50 intersections in Warsaw have video cameras.

* 70 intersections in PozDeployment

Us

(onboard hers)

Scale er-side

unit, ot

-



AESTRO

No. 31

Name M

City (country) Budapest (Hungary)



configuration)

collects real-time traffic data along the M3 expressway. The road users

collection system, a meteorological data collection system, a data

evaluation and control system and an information system.

The system

are informed by VMS panels located in the intersections. MAESTRO consists of a

traffic data

Private - Executing

ation Public Organiz Unknown

Surveyed Results -

Applied Technologies ve loop censors, CCTV VMS, incucti

Infrastructure-side


Unknown

Deployment

Scale User-side


-



Source *http://www.vbt.bme.hu/phdsymp/2ndphd/proceedings/somogyvari.pdf

No. 32

Name fic around Budapest) MARABU (Management of the Road Traf

City (country) st (Hungary) Budape


Overview (backgrou em

fic data along the M0 expressway. There is a

central control center that provides traffic and weather information.

nd / service / syst

configuration)

The system collects real-time traf

Private - Executing

Organization Unknown Public

Appendix 39

Surveyed Results Improved the capacity of M0 ring road

Applied Technologies Meteoric censors, data station, roadside traffic information system

Infrastructure-side


Deployment

Scale User-side


-

Testing / Operation Operating


Source *http://www.fd.cvut.cz/Czech/Events/Sbornik/2003/Doprava_a_Telekomunikace/lind

f enbach.pd

No. 33

Name Road and Weather information system) UTMET (

City (country) Budapest (Hungary)



configuration)

r information system to support the winter road maintenance work.

Collects weather and road surface information to be utilized for dispatch and

the drivers.

Road and weathe

warning to

Private - Executing


Surveyed Results -

Applied Technologies Meteoric data collection station, data center, data provision terminals (in operation),

VMS (planned)

Infrastructure-side 200 me


tioric data collection station, one center

Deployment

User-side


- Scale



Source *http://www.fd.cvut.cz/Czech/Events/Sbornik/2003/Doprava_a_Telekomunikace/lind

enbach.pdf

No. 34

Name Santiago Control Center

City (country) Santiago (Chille)


40 Appendix


1,750 intersections, 1,410 have fixed time plans, 270 have SCOOT (Split

ptimization Technique) and 70 are independently monitored. Among

are managed by SCOOT. Bus priority is planned. With Ingrid, there are

accidents within SCOOT. TV images from 30 locations are provided

information by WAP is being considered.

configuration)

Among the

Cycle Offset O

these, 500

plans to detect

by a website. Providing


Santiago Traffic Control Department, Ministry of Transport Organization Public

Surveyed Results 10% reduction of traveling time


* CCTV

ume/speed detection sensor

* Internet network

* Traffic vol

* VMS

Infrastructure-side


1,750 intersections

Deployment

Scale User-side


-



No. 35

Name r Valparaiso-Vina del Mar Traffic Control Cente

City (country) -Vina del Mar (Chile) Valparaiso

Execution Period 93 Since 19

Overview (background / service / system ions in the Valparaiso-Vina del Mar metropolitan area.

configuration)

Manages 75 intersect


Organization Public of Transport Ministry (SECTRA) Transport Planning Division


Applied Technolo * Traffic volume/speed detection sensor

etwork

gies

* CCTV

* Internet N

Infrastructure-side


75 intersections

Deployment

Scale User-side


known Un


Appendix 41

Initial Investment / Operating Costs $2.5 million

.3 Demand Management

ame System for Controlling Cars Entering the Buenos Aires Financial Center

1 No. 36

N

City (country) Buenos Aires (Argentina)



is used to control the entry of approved cars for set periods each day in

district of Buenos Aires (8 blocks). Gates, traffic signals, cameras and

rsections are sent to the central

ntrol centers (transferred to main traffic control center in Buenos Aires).

This system

the financial

tag antennas are installed at 5 key intersections. The monitoring equipment

conducts checks whenever a car approaches. The lights will turn green and the

gates will open only for cars that have a registered ID (built-in Tag processing

board). Image and sound data from these key inte

configuration)

co


Organization Public Buenos es Air


Applied Technologies * Emergency phone

* PTZ camera

Infr de

(r )

enna astructure-si Tag ant

oadside equipment, etc.Deployment

User-side

hers)

-in Tag processing board) Scale ID tag (built

(onboard unit, ot



No. 37

Name No Cars Day

City (country) Bogota (Colombia)

Execution Period * Feb. of each year since 2000


configuration) or 30

Bogota, which has the 5th worst air pollution in all of Latin America, has a no-car day

for city centers. Commuters are encouraged to use public transportation, ride their

bikes or walk to their jobs or schools. Monitoring by CCTV and images f

42 Appendix

locations are provided by Internet websites.


Organization Public Bogota

Surveyed Results

X reduction * 9% NO

* 28% CO reduction

* 10% noise reduction


nternet Network

* CCTV

* I

Infrastructure-side

(roadsid t, etc.)

Unknown


Scale

rd unit, others)

Unknown User-side

(onboa


Initial Investment / Operating Costs -

Source http://encamara.imagine.com.co/

Figure 18 Car Free Day (Colombia)

1.4 Road Management

No. 38

Name Weigh-in-Motion

City (country) Romania


Overview (background / service / system This system allows for weight to be measured while vehicles are in motion. The aim

Appendix 43

configuration) of this system is to have a better understanding of traffic conditions and to guide

vehicles to the most suitable roads based on their weight. The system is being

implemented along key sections of the roadways.

Private - Executing

ation Public d Association) Organiz NAR (National Roa


Applied Technologies Pressure sensor

Infrastructure-side


Important traffic areas

Deployment

Scale User-side


-



No. 39

Name al del Sol Traffic Control Center Autopist


Execution Period 0 Since Dec. 200


Autopistal del Sol, which has the operating rights for 116km of expressway until

introduced a traffic control system to computerize the expressway.

cameras, systems for measuring traffic flows and speeds, changeable

signboards, and various weather monitoring systems have all been installed.

configuration)

2020, has

Monitoring

Private Autopistal del Sol Executing

ation Public Organiz OCCOVI



* CCTV

* Traffic volume/speed detection sensor

* Infrared fog detection sensor

* VMS

Infrastructure-side


-

Deploymen

Scale

t

Us


er-side -


44 Appendix

Initial Investment / Operating Costs $82.5 million

No. 40

West Access Expressway Name

City (country) Argentina) Buenos Aires (

Execution Period Since Jul. 1994


nfiguration)

ccess Expressway is a 57.5 km section of road connecting Buenos Aires

An optical fiber network was also installed along with the construction of

this road section, to obtain real-time traffic and weather information to be sent to

VMS. The ETC system called Teletoll has also been installed.

The West A

and Lujan.

co

Private Autopistal del Oeste Executing

Organization Public OCCOVI



* CCTV


* Emergency phone

* VMS

* ETC

Infrastructure-side


Gantry

Deployment

Scale User-side


Onboard unit



No. 41

Name Cit ressways y Exp



Overview (background / service / system AUSA operates and manages two major toll roads in Buenos Aires. The traffic

management center collects traffic and environmental information and then provides

C has also been installed. configuration)

this information to the drivers. ET


Organization Public AUSA (has been privatized, but still belongs to the city)

Appendix 45


Applied Technologies etection sensor

cy phone

* CCTV

* Traffic volume / speed d

* Emergen

* VMS

Infrastructure-side


Gantry

Deployment

Scale User-side


Onboard unit



Name iteroi Bridge

No. 42

ITS application in the Rio N

City (country) Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)



configuration)

, the concessionaire of the Rio Niteroi Bridge, in 1999 used 50% of its ITS

omputerize this bridge. VMS, ETC, traffic measuring systems, monitoring

e been introduced to provide traffic control, accident

ommend the best routes.

Ponte S.A.

budget to c

cameras and others hav

monitoring and to rec

Private Ponte S.A. Executing

Organization Public Unknown

Surveyed Result Unknown s


* CCTV

* Traffic signal control

* Radar

* VMS

Infrastructure-side Gantry

(roadside equipment, etc.) Deployment

Scale User-side


Onboard unit



No. 43

46 Appendix

Name President Dutra Expressway

City (country) Rio de Janeiro-Sao Paulo (Brazil)

Execution Period From 1996 to 2000


configuration)

Dutra, which has 25-year operational rights for the President Dutra

vested US$70 million between 1996-2000 to computerize this

Changeable signboards, systems for measuring traffic volume and

vehicle types, weather meters, monitoring cameras, emergency phones, automatic

ystems and other equipment have been installed.

Nova

Expressway, in

expressway.

toll collection s

Private Nova Dutra Executing




* CCTV


* Emergency phone

* VMS

* UHF band radio

Infrastructure-side


Gantry

Deployment


Scale User-side Onboard unit


Initial Investment / Operating Costs $70 million

No. 44

tomation of the General Rafael Urdaneta Bridge Name Au

City (country) Maracaibo (Venezuela)


Overview (background / se

The public corporation and Zulia Province, in charge of managing bridges in order to

maintenance of the 9km concrete bridge connecting the east

and west sides of the Maracaibo Lake, entrusted the design work to Applied

esearch Institute of Zulia University. The three goals are (1) control

environmental factors (wind, temperatures, others) and (3)

manage toll collection sites.

rvice / system

configuration)

reform the use and

Planning R

traffic, (2) measure the technical parameters for bridge safety (tensile strength of the

cables, others) and

Executing Private Unknown

Appendix 47

Organization Public

* Public corporations

* Provincial governments



* 100Mbps Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI)

* Network

* Camera

* Traffic volume sensor

* Emergency phone

* VMS

Infrastructure-side


Unknown

Deployment

Scale User-side


Unknown



1.5

Electronic cial T nsactions

No. 45

C

Finan ra

Name ET

City (country) esia) Jakarta (Indon



ms have been introduced at two gates. There are plans to introduce an

onboard smart card system (Malaysia type) in fiscal 2002.

nd / service / syst

configuration)

ETC syste

Private - Executing

Organization Jasa Marga Public

Surveyed Results -

Applied Technologies * Tag

* Onboard unit

Infrastructure-side


Tag antenna

Deployment

User-side


Onboard unit Scale



48 Appendix

No. 46

Name Introduction of ETC for South Luzon Expressway

City (country) Manila (The Philippines)

Execution Period ec. 1998 Since D


nded roadway is being built for a section of the South Luzon Expressway in

e metro-Manila region (currently 15km of the planned 35km section has been

section of the South Luzon Expressway and the Skyway will be toll

will be introduced as the toll collection system. In addition, there

the main route of South Luzon Expressway. The ETC, which

system as skyway, has been introduced in the sections.

configuration)

A suspe

th

opened). This

roads and ETC

are toll road sections in

is the same

Private * Citra Metro Manila Tollways Corporation

* PNCC-Skyway Corporation Executing

Organization struction Corporation Public Philippine National Con

Surveyed Results -

Applied Technologies Gantry

Infrastructure-side


ETC roadside equipment set at 33 toll collection sites

Deployment

Scale User-s


ide Sold 54,000 units


Initial Investment / Operating Costs US$14 million for setting up the control center and roadside equipment covering 33

toll collection sites

Figure Philippines (the Philippines) 19 ETC in the

No. 47

Name ETC for 2nd Stage Expressways

Appendix 49



Overview (background / service / system for toll roads. Since the battery capacity for current Tags is small, only

tions each day. configuration)

ETC system

20,000 to 40,000 vehicles are controlled out of 800,000 transac

Private - Executing

Organization Public * BECL (BANGKO EXPRESSWAY PUBLIC COMPANY LIMITED)

* ETA

K

Surveyed Results -

Applied Technologies * Tag

* Onboard unit

Infrastructure-side


Unknown

Deployment

Scale User-side


Onboard unit


Initial Investment / Operating Costs Fiscal 2001 expenses came to 7.696 million bahts

(total expressway user fees)

Source BECL Annual Report 2001

No. 48

Name ETC

City (country) mpur (Malaysia) Kuala Lu



non-contact IC cards or Smart Tags

of these use pre-paid methods.

When registration is made in advance, the cards can be automatically recharged

sed up.

nd / service / syst

configuration)

This ETC consists mainly of Touch' N Go using

for vehicle communications. Both

once their 20 RM is u

Private PLUS Executing

Public REAM Organization

Surveyed Results -


* Smart card

* Onboard unit

* Roadside equipment

Deployment

Scale

Infrastructure-side


Unknown

50 Appendix

User-side


* Onboards unit for 60,000 vehicles

* 300,000 smart cards



Figure 20 ETC Malaysia) Gates Where IC Cards Can Be Used (

3 Motorway

No. 49

Name Information System on M

City (country) Budapest to Fuzesabony (Hungary)



configuration)

For M3 highway, a high level communication system was introduced to handle data

collection, emeregency communication, and pre-paid type one-stop ETC

Private - Executing

Organization Public EKM Autopalya Rt. (EKMA)



Data Communication, Fiber-Optic Technologies

rnal Telephone, Emergency Road Telephones, Weather Information,

nitoring Systems, UHF Radio and Cellular Phone

Toll System

CCTV, Inte

Traffic Mo

Infrastructure-side


es, each with one to three toll plazas and a

, Two operation centers, one at Godollo and one at Kal, that

ction as maintenance and storage facilities.

M3 Motorway 113 km. Eleven interchang

plaza control building

also funDeployment

Scale ic card for pre-paid toll payment User-side


-Magnet


Initial Investment / 42 billion Forints ($215 million U.S.) for the whole construction Operating Costs

Appendix 51

Source world.com/news_events/publications/network/issue_45/45_22_EdgeJ

3Motorway.asp

http://www.pb

_HungrarysM

No. 50

Name BHTRANS ITS Project

City (country) Belo Horizonte (Brazil)



configuration)

The public corporation BHTRANS has authority over regional transportation and

shipping in the Belo Horizonte region, and is responsible for planning, adjusting and

operating the systems for public transportation, taxis and school buses. This public

corporation has introduced ITS systems for controlling traffic, automatic public

transportation fare collection, management of city traffic and other such operations.


rganization Public BHTRANS O

Surveyed Results 20% reduction of accidents


* Speed camera

* CCTV

* IC card

* Equipment for replenishing IC card amounts

Infrastructure-side


100 terminals at railway stations

Deployment

Us

(onboard hers)

terminals Scale er-side

unit, ot

3,000 bus


Initial Investment / Operating Costs vestment in traffic control system: $10 million In

xpressway

No. 51

Name President Illia E

City (country) Buenos Aires

(Argentina)



nfiguration)

ETC was adopted by the President Illia Expressway in 1999. So far, 85,000 ETC

tags have been issued. co

Private Covimet Executing


52 Appendix



* CCTV


* Infrared fog detection sensor

* VMS

Infrastructure-side


Gantry

Deployment

Scale User-side


Onboard unit



No. 52

Name ITS for the Lihna Amarela (yellow line)



Overview (background / se ystem lume counters and monitoring cameras

duced. At the tollgate, an automatic collection system has been introduced

the 20 lanes. The unique characteristic is that ITS equipment was

during the actual construction of the road.

rvice / s

configuration)

During the construction of the Lihna Amarela (22km), an automatic toll collection

system, changeable signboards, traffic vo

were intro

for two of

introduced

Private LAMSA Executing


Surveyed Results n Unknow

Applied Technologies * Traffic volume/speed detection sensor

* VMS

* CCTV

* Emergency phone

Infrastructure-side


Gantry

Deployment

Scale User-side


* Onboard unit



Appendix 53

Figure 21 The line) ITS Concept (Brazil)

No. 53

Name Computerizing the Rio-Teresopolis Toll Road

Lihna Amarela (yellow



ETC

ETC system is introduced into outside two lanes within twenty lanes.

Emergency call box

CCTV

Control

Center

4 DMS

Overview (background / service / system oll Road (145km) was privatized and improved. An electronic toll

stem was introduced for two of the 12 lanes at the toll collection area

along the Mainline Plaza section, which has comparatively large traffic volumes. configuration)

Rio-Teresopolis T

collection sy

Private Rodovia Executing




Infrastructure-side


Gantry

Deployment

Scale User-side


* Onboard unit



Figure d (Brazil) 23 The Rio-Teresopolis Toll Roa

54 Appendix

o. 54

ame Expressway ITS in Santiago

N

N

City (country) Santiago (Chile)

Execution Period 2000-2005

Overview (background / service / system ters are being developed for the Santiago expressways

-south and east-west and beltway. configuration)

ETC and traffic control cen

running north

Private Road concession corporation (Costanera Norte, Autopista Central, Austopistas

Metropolitanas, Vespucio Norte Express) Executing

Organization Public MOPTT



era

ume sensor

ency phone

VMS

* Cam

* Traffic vol

* Emerg

*

Infrastructure-side


Multilane free flow gantry (15-30 for each route)

Deployment

Scale User-side


Transponder Tag using GSS/A1 standard


Initial Investment / Operating Costs * East-west route: $65.65 million

* North-south route: $63.4 million

Figure 24 Expressway Gate in Santiag (Chile)

Appendix 55

ystem

No. 55

Name Toll Collection S

City (country) Nationwide (Mexico)



ollection system, which can provide real-time statistical and

formation regarding traffic volume and revenues for all cars nationwide,

in November 1999 between Mexico City and Queretaro. This was configuration)

A complete toll c

financial in

was started

expanded to the entire network by April 2002.


Organization Public Federal Road and Bridge Department


Applied Technologies Camera

Infrastructure-side


n Unknow

Deployment

Scale VE (Identification Automatica Vehicular) card

* Electric wallet User-side


* IA

* Credit card



Source *http://www.thales-e-transactions.com/france/uk/transport-capufe.uk.asp

56 Appendix

No. 56

Name Visa Vale Pedagio

City (country) Nationwide (Brazil)



configuration)

A contact type IC Card, with a stored value that will be deducted at toll gates.

Originally started in the Sao Paulo region, it has seen a national adoption within

Brazil. The system provides easy payment at toll booths. Huge adoption from cargo

and logistics operators. Easy purchase and recharging through the Internet was

also important for its success, as well as the reputaion and trust of VISA.

Private Bradesco and VISA International Executing

ation Public tion Agency (approval) Organiz -Brazilian National Transporta


Applied Technologies IC Card

Infrastructure-side


IC Card reader

Deployment

Scale User-side


*IC Card


Initial Investment / Operating Costs known Un

Source

inando Castejon, “Credit where it’s due,” tolltrans: Traffic Technology

International supplement 2003, pp.28-32

http://www.e-strada.net/

Ferd

ame ETC with auto vehicle classification

No. 57

N

City (country) Nationwide (South Africa)


w (background / service / system A toll road system under the CTROM scheme, whici is similar to an comete

outsourcing of toll road operations. This included the use of ETC along with the

cation.

Overvie

configuration) automatic vehicle classifi

Executing Private Tolstar

Appendix 57

Organization Public NRA



Infrastr ide


TV for the vehicle classification, and CEN TC278 based ETC system (5.8GHz) ucture-s

(r

CC

Deployment

Scale User-side


*OBU



Source asbroek “Changing Times” tolltrans (Traffic Technology International

supplement 2002) pp.34-6

* Paul Ha

1.6 Commercial Vehicle Management

Name

No. 58

Taxi/Truck Management System with GPS

City (country) Shanghai (China)



configuration)

and 1,000 taxis are equipped with GPS so that the control center can 1,800 trucks

be aware of their locations in real time. This supports the optimum dispatching of

vehicles in accordance with requests received from passengers and cargo shippers.

Private Dazhong Transportation Executing


Surveyed Results known Un


adio

* GPS

* R

Infrastructure-side

(roa c.)

s and 1,000 taxis

dside equipment, et

1,800 truck

Deployment

(onbo

Onboard unit Scale User-side

ard unit, others)


Initial Investment / Operating Costs uan 40 million y

No. 59

Tracking System Name

58 Appendix




configuration)

equipped with boxes, which combine GPS and GSM. Positioning Trucks are

information is sent using SMS.

Private UTI Systems Executing


Surveyed Results -


PS

ixed terminals for shipping companies

* G

* GSM

* F

Infrastructure-side

side equipment, etc.) (road

-

Deployment

Scale User-side


-



Figure 25 The Monito king System Using GPS and GSM (Romania) r for a Trac

Truck Shipment Marketplace

No. 60

Name




arketplace where planned truck operations are registered so that others

for their services. The truck operators register such information as the

ns and container size, and then those who need to ship

een the locations can bid for these services.

configuration)

This is a m

can bid

departure and arrival locatio

goods betw

Executing TransInfo Private

Appendix 59


Surveyed Results -

Applied Technologies Internet

Infrastructure-side


-

Deployment

cale User-side


More than 600 users S



Figure 26 Website for Vacant Cargo Space Marketplace (Romania)

No. 61

trol System

Name Vehicle Con

City (country) Poland



ation)

Freight Commander and Paragon have been introduced in some regions. A Polish

company is providing the GPS system. configur




Applied Technologies * GPS receivers for drivers of freight vehicles

* Fixed terminals for shipping companies

Infrastructure-side


-

Deploymen

Scale

t

Us


er-side Unknown

60 Appendix

Testing / Operation on Operati


Name Efficient Bilateral Logistics (TEDIM; Telematics in Foreign Trade Logistics

and Delivery Management)

No. 62

Promoting

City (country) Poland (for Finland)



ation)

The project is aimed for improving the efficiency of trade logistics between two

countries. Forwarding businesses in Finland and Poland joined the project. The goal

is to create a logistics operator network. Another goal is to standardize distribution

rrently pending due to the large expenses involved.

configur

operations. This project is cu

Private - Executing

Organization Public ILM

Surveyed Results -

Applied Technologies Unknown

Infrast de


ructure-si

quipmen

Unknown

Deployment

Scale User-side


Unknown



No. 63

Comprehensive Universal GPS (decision making system) Name Developing

City (country) Poland



ration)

GPS is used to manage trucks and public transportation vehicles. The system goes

beyond national borders and automatically suggests which routes should be used.

otecting the environment and maintaining profitability. The

onal.

configu The goals are safety, pr

system is not yet operati

Private - Executing

Organization Public ILM

Surveyed Results -

Applied Technologies iver

panies

* GPS rece

* Fixed terminals at the com

Appendix 61

* Radios for the drivers

Infrastructure-side

(roa c.) dside equipment, et

Unknown

Deployment

(onbo

Unknown Scale User-side

ard unit, others)



No. 64

Name OmniSAT-GPS Tracking

City (country) * Brazil

* Argentina



configuration)

OmniSAT is a mobile data transmission and tracking system using GMS and

ication is possible between the vehicle and the

ter, efficient and secure information can be exchanged.

Brazilian satellites. It uses remote data transmission and freight tracking using

CDMA. Because immediate commun

control cen

Private Autotrac Executing



Applied Technologies * Satellite communications

* GPS

Infr de

(r )

astructure-si


Unknown

Deployment

User-side

hers)

Scale

(onboard unit, ot

Unknown



No. 65

Name Automatic Border Crossing System

City (country) Mexican-US border (Mexico)


Overview (

configuration)

background / s system rtation across the U.S./Mexican border has increased since the 1993

reement and this has resulted in more congestion at border crossings.

ervice / Transpo

NAFTA Ag

62 Appendix

Therefore, various measures have been introduced such as using ITS for custom

ehicle tracking and automatic inspection systems. systems, v


Ministry of Transport Organization Public


Applied Technologi License plate reader es

Infrastructure-side

t, etc.)

ng machine

(roadside equipmen

Auto weighi

Deployment

Scale User-side


AVITag



System

No. 66

Name Truck GPS Tracking

City (country) Nationwide (Mexico)



configuration)

exico have resulted in very high insurance costs and

ses the refusal among insurance companies to provide insurance. One

s to adopt a truck tracking system using GPS.

Freight security problems in M

in some ca

method to overcome this problem i

Private Corporativo Integra de Mexico Executing



Applied Technologies * GPS

* Satellite communications

Infrastructure-side

(roa c.) dside equipment, et

Unknown

Deployment


Scale User-side Unknown


Initial Investment / Unknown Operating Costs

No. 67

Name Customs Control in Motion

Appendix 63

City (country) Chuquicamata-Antofagasta (Chile)


Overvi (background / service / system Two custom pew

nfiguration)

oints use the technology to weigh by axle and count vehicles

statistically. co


ation Public Administration Organiz National Urban Roads


Applied Technologies GPS

Infrastructure-side


Weighing machine

Deployment

Scale User-side


Unknown


Initial Investment / Operatin wn g Costs Unkno


No. 68

stem Name Vehicle Control Sy

City (country) Valparaiso Port (Chile)


Overview (ba

configu

ckg

ration)

This is the online control system for car movement around port of Valparaiso

focuses on trucks receiving cargo.

round / service / system

facilities. It mainly


Public Port Company Organization Valparaiso



Infrastructure-side


Unknown

Deployment

Scale User-side


Unknown



Source http://www.portvalparaiso.cl

No. 69

Name Cargo Weight and Measurement in Motion System

64 Appendix

City (country) Nuevo Laredo (Mexico)



configuration)

The electronic weighing and measuring stations send regulatory information to a

database for determining violations.


Organization Public Department of Communications and Transport



Infrastructure-side


Weigh-in-motion

Deployment

Scale User-side


Unknown



Source http://www.sct.gob.mx/

No. 70

Name Automatic Vehicle Identification

City (country) Mexico


Overview (background / service / system his satellite tracking system is used for recovering stolen vehicles.

configuration)

T

Private Integra Executing

wn Organization Public Unkno



Infrastructure-side


Unknown

Deployment

Scale User-side


Unknown



Source http://www.iave.com.mx/

No. 71

Name Argentina/Brazil border crossing system

Appendix 65

City (country) een the town, Santo Tome, in the Argentine province of

e Brazilian town, Sao Borja, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul)

Argentina and Brazil (betw

Corrientes and th

Execution Period 97 19

Overview (background / service / system cilitation of trade

configuration)

Fa

Private Mercovia (Concessionaire) Executing

COMAB (binational agency) Organization Public



Automatic classification for tolling

c card ID for local subsidized traffic

-Electronic management of the cargo parking lot

-Electronic registration and inspection follow up of the international cargo manifest

y every agency

-Magneti

-Video enforcement for local traffic validation

-Digital liberation of the truck b

Infrastructure-side


tolling

era

Automatic classification for

Video-cam

Electronic management of the cargo parking lot

Electronic registration

Deployment

User-side

(onboar

Scale

d unit, others)

Magnetic card ID



Source http://www.mercovia-sa.com.br

1.7 Publ nagement

ame TransJakarta Busway

ic Transport Ma

No. 72

N

City (country) Jakarta (Indonesia)

Execution Period Since Feb. 2004


TransJakarta Busway is a Rapid Bus system which is modeled after Tranmillenio

in America. It provides a dedicated bus lane in the

l Jakarta. There are issues with grouping of busses and

tainties (although greatly reduced) of schedule, which is currently

configuration)

and other similar projects in Lat

main througfare of Centra

some uncer

66 Appendix

considered to be addressed through some ITS.

Private none Executing

Organization karta City Government Public Ja

Surveyed Results in exhaust gases, traveling times reduced by 32%

* Ridership growing rapidly,

* Reduction

Applied Technologies ned)

hone (planned)

* GPS (plan

* Cellular p

Infrastructure-side

(roadsid t, etc.)

None (the total length of the current bus system is 12.9km)


Scale

rd unit, others)

* GPS (planned)

ular phone (planned)

User-side

(onboa * Cell

Testing / Operation Planned


Source http://transjakarta-busway.dki.go.id/

Figure System in Jakarta (Indonesia) 27 New Bus

No. 73

Transit.Smart (part of the iTransport) Name

City (country) (Singapore) Singapore



nfiguration)

o integrate public transport information. A Bus travel information system

avel info, covering 4000

busses and 1000 bus stops. The project, however, was cancelled in 2003 due to

A projecto t

for the whole island to produce real-time accurate bus tr

co

software integration problems.

Executing Private -

Appendix 67

Organization Public Land Trasnport Authority

Surveyed Results -


Infrastructure-side


Unknown

Deployment

Scale User-side


Unknown

Testing / Operation Contract awarded but cancelled


No. 74

Name Bus Location System

City (country) Seoul (Korea)



configuration)

A Bus travel information system, developped by the 60 bus companies covering

35% of the public transportation trips in Seoul. Provides accurate information on bus

location and arrival time.

Private Bus companies Executing


Surveyed Results -

Applied Technologies GPS, message signs, control center

Infrastructure-side

(roa c.)

n

dside equipment, et

Unknow

Deployment

(onbo


ard unit, others)

Testing / Operation Testing

Initial Investment / Operating Costs lthough a pilot project in 1997 costed US$1.5 million Unknown, a

No. 75

ame Main Traffic Center in Prague N



Overview (background / service / system d subway trains in Prague are monitored by CCTVs. Immediate

on with the drivers is possible whenever there are accidents or some configuration)

Buses, trams, an

communicati

other problems. The information is digitally recorded.

Executing Private -

68 Appendix




Infrastr ide


wn ucture-s

(r

Unkno

Deployment

Scale User-side


Unknown


Initial Investment / Opera wn ting Costs Unkno

Figure 28 Center in Prague (Czech Republic) Main Traffic

No. 76

Name Public transport management




configuration)

evaluate the feasibility of a publiuc transport management system

nsors

A pilot project to

using IR se

Private - Executing

Organization for Transport Telematics Public Association


Applied Technologies IR sensors

Infrastructure-side


Unknown

Deployment

User-side


Unknown Scale

Testing / Operation Pilot


Appendix 69

No. 77

Name Bus Control System

City (country) Ploiesti (Romania)


Overview (background / se system

configuration)

ing along one route in Ploiesti are managed based on bus positioning

s is captured by GPS, and this information is sent

position of the buses can then be

rvice /

Buses runn

information. The position of the bu

to the control center by GSM. The current

displayed on a PC at the center.

Private - Executing

Organization Public de Transport Public Ploiesti Regia Autonoma

Surveyed Results -


* GPS

* GSM

* VMS

Infrastructure-side

t, etc.)

oduced along the No. 30 route.

(roadside equipmen

7 buses intr

Deployment

Scale User-side


Unknown


Initial Investment / Operating Costs US$1.0 million (Currently 8% has been completed.)

Figure 29 Bus Operation and Control System (Romania)

No. 78

Name ECOVIA (public bus system)

City (country) Quito (Ecuador)

70 Appendix



configuration)

Diesel buses along main routes are being changed to electric buses and dedicated

re being built to support short headways. There are also plans to connect

. ECOVIA is controlled by CCTV and GPS.

lanes a

with feeder routes

Private UnknownExecuting

Organization Public Quito



* GPS

Infrastructure-side Unknown

(roadside equipment, etc.) Deploy t men

cale User-side


Unknown S



No. 79

Name Trolley Bus System

City (country) Quito (Ecuador)



operated. The bus stops are like mini

vered with Plexiglas. Fares are paid before entering the bus, and the

platform is at the same level as the bus floor. This allows for smooth entry and exit,

se to a railway station.

nd / service / syst

configuration)

A dedicated 23km lane for buses is being

stations co

and it is clo


Public Organization Quito



Infrastructure-side


wn Unkno

Deployment

User-side


* PC Scale

* Modem



Source * http://www.thebestofecuador.com/quito.htm

Appendix 71

No. 80

Name New Rio de Janeiro Bus System




configuration)

ew bus system introduced by Rio Bus in 1997. This system reorganized

system, introduced a system to give priority to high-speed buses, and

electric ticket system.

This is a n

the traffic

introduced an


Organization Public Rio de Janeiro


Applied Technolo - gies

Infr de

(r )

astructure-si


Unknown

Deployment

User-side

hers)

Scale

(onboard unit, ot

Unknown



No. 81

Name Transmilenio (reformation of city bus system)

City (country) Bogota (Colombia)

Execution Period Since Dec. 2000


n is putting together a bus system with dedicated lanes for larger buses

a feeder line system made up of smaller buses. The investment costs are

r than those needed for building a subway.

configuration)

The Transmilenio Public Corporation was established to overhaul Bogota's bus

system, which consists of 20,000 individual buses that are small and old. This public

corporatio

along with

much lowe


Organization io Public Corporation Public Transmilen

Surveyed Results * The number of deaths reduced from 66 to 7

in exhaust gases, traveling times reduced by 32% * Reduction


hone * Cellular p

Deployment Infrastructure-s

Scale

ide


Unknown

72 Appendix

User-side


* GPS

* Onboard unit



Figure 30 New Bus System in Bogotá (Colombia)

ay

No. 82

Name TransSantiago Busw

City (country) Santiago (Chile)

Execution Period Tender 2004, operation start 2005


configuration)

after Tranmillenio and other

Latin America. It is planned to be undertaken by private

eers, in order to consolidate the conmplicted bus routes in the city and

TransSantiago is a Rapid Bus system which is modeled

similar projects in

concession

increase the bus traffic into the city It will be controled by a management center, with

GPS location systems on the busses and a uniform payment scheme for all public

transport using SmartCards

Private Not awarded yet Executing

Organization Public Ministry of Public Works

Surveyed Results ot yet realized, plans to maintain or increase the current public transport share * n

Applied Technologies * GPS, SmartCard, security video camera for in-vehicle and station safety

Infrastr ide


anagement center ucture-s CCTV, m

Deployment

User-side


PS

phone

Scale * G

* Cellular

Testing / Operation Planned

Appendix 73


Source ent.cl/publications/transantiago/transingles.pdf http://www.foreigninvestm

nt and Hazard Response

o. 83

ame Traffic Signal Violation Enforcement System

1.8 Incide

N

N

City (country) Seoul (Korea)



configuration)

A system that photographs the number plate of the vehicles making illegal moves

(illegal u-turns, red light runnings

Private LG Industrial Systems (vendor) Executing

Organization Public Korean Road Traffic Safety Management Authority

Surveyed Results Able top detect over 96 percent of all violations

Applied Technologies * CCTV image detactors, cameras

Infrastructure-side


Unknown

Deployment





Source Sayeg, “What UTC is what you get”, Traffic Technology International Oct/Nov 2002,

p.56

No. 84

Name stem Study Remote Medical Sy

City (country) Sao Paulo (Brazil)



configuration)

A system is being studied for providing detailed information about patients from

IA (highway concession in Brazil) to medical facilities.

asic

icrosoft's NetMeeting) and cellular phones.

accident sites on the ECOV

The goal is to develop a system for transmitting high-quality information supporting

quick diagnoses. Characteristics of the prototype system are that it uses b

software (M

Executing Private ECOVIA

74 Appendix




* Mobile PC

* Camera

* Cellular phone

Infrastructure-side


Unknown

Deployment

Scale User-side


Unknown



No. 85

Name Truck Evacuation Project

City (country) Sao Paulo (Brazil)



stem by which the control center will be notified of vehicles

e descent turnout of the Anchieta Highway. Future plans call for the

le for the cleanup and storage of dangerous liquids

control centers.

configuration)

Plans are to prepare a sy

entering th

control center to be responsib

that spill in an accident. Future plans also include connections with

Private ECOVIA Executing

ation Public Unknown Organiz


Applied Technologies ion system Entrance detection/notificat

Infrastructure-side


Unknown

Deployment

Scale User-side


Unknown



No. 86

Name

Incident Management System

City (country) Calama-Antofagastat (Chile)

Appendix 75



configuration)

: (1) railways crossing automation, (2)

stration, and (3) accident management.

System is composed of the following modules

hazardous cargo admini


Public Organization National Urban Roads Administration



Infrastructure-side


Unknown

quipmenDeployment

Scale User-side


Unknown




Name ormation for 2nd Stage Expressways

No. 87

Provide Traffic Inf



Overview (backgro m

Information from CCTVs is collected by BECL's (Bangkok Expressway Corp.) traffic

s assess the conditions and send messages to

VMSs. Members of the army and police force are stationed at the traffic control room

r basis. VMSs display the speed limits in the Thai language. The system

inutes to emergency calls.

control room, where staff memberund / service / syste

configuration) on a 24-hou

supports an average response time of 8 m

Private -

Executing

Organization Public

* ETA

* BECL

* NECL

Surveyed Results -


* CCTV

* Emergency phone

* VMS

Infrastructure-side

ment, etc.)

m (roadside equip

* CCTVs: every 1.5km

* VMS: every 2-3kDeployment

Scale User-side


-

76 Appendix



F MS Messages (Thailand)

igure 31 V

ed Countries

Traveler Information

o. 88

CAPITALS

e)

2. Develop 2.1

N

Name (Project for Integrated Telematics Applications on a Large Scal

City (country)

*Brussels (Belgium)

*Berlin (Germany)

*Paris (France)

*Madrid (Spain)

*Rome (Italy)

Execution Period From May 1996 to Jul. 1998


configuration) troduction of telematics systems.

The five European cities installed and improved traffic information services at

various levels for various types through the in

Private Unknown

Executing

Organization Public

Capitale (Belgium)

omunale Energia ed Ambiente (Italy)

n Regionale de l'Equipement d'Ile-de-France (DREIF/SIER) (France)

sa Mixta de Trafico S.A. (Spain)

rwaltung fur Bauen, Wohnen und Verkehr (Germany)

* Ville de Paris (France)

* Region de Bruxelles

* Azienda C

* Directio

* Empre

* Senatsve

Appendix 77

Surveyed Results

* Traffic Management and Information Area: positive user reaction

(Except: Paris prediction tool; depending on its level of accuracy)

al Information Area: overall positive user reaction

of Transport Demand: the fair policy for the controlled access

* Multi-mod

* Management

scheme is sensitive No.or

Applied Technologies * Digital Video Broadcasting

* VMS

Infrastructure-side Abo


ut 70% of the 5 cities' total market

Deployment

User-side


* 20 million residents Scale

* 14 million private cars

Testing / Operation Operated

Initial Investment / Operating Costs st: EUR 9.135.876 Overall Co

(Incl. EUR 3.997.090: Contribution from European Commission)

(Personal Mobile Traveler and Traffic Information)

No. 89

Name PROMISE

* Helsinki & E18 (Finland)

(Sweden)

and (UK)

* Paris & Ile de France (France)

avaria (Germany)

* Gothenburg

* ScotlCity (country)

* Eurodelta (Netherlands)

* B

Execution Period From Jan. 1996 to Feb. 1999


tion)

d traffic information is becoming more important with the increased

European citizens. The aim of PROMISE (Personal Mobile Traveler and

vide travelers with a direct and easy access to

multi-modal traveler and traffic information during their whole journey, through

cellular phones and hand held PCs with wireless data communications (GSM).

configura

Traveler an

mobility of

Traffic Information) is to pro

78 Appendix

Private

e Motoren Werke AG (Germany)

atories (UK)

lecom Eutelis (France)

enault Researche Innovation (France)

schland (Germany)

* Ministry of Transport, Rijkswaterstaat AVV (Netherlands)

gical Development (Sweden)

* Nokia Mobile Phones (Finland)

* Bayerisch

* BT Labor

* France Te

* GIE R

* IBM Deut

* Volvo Technolo

Executing

Organization

Public Unknown

Surveyed Results

st Users: moderately satisfied with the service and concept

Performance of the system: good

* Use Acceptance for Portable Terminals: high

* The Usability of Devices: required enhancements

* 70% of Te

* Technical

* Mobile Access: slow


net-aware vehicle

terminal

n (GSM)

* Inter

* Portable

* Cellular phone

* Hand held PC with Wireless Data Communicatio

Infrastructure-side


Unknown

Deployment

Us

(onboard hers)

f European test users Scale er-side

unit, ot

Hundreds o


Initial Investment / Operating Costs No financial details given yet) Unknown (

Source * ww.promise.cellulardata.com/ http://w

Management

Adelaide's Reversible Expressway

2.2 Traffic

No. 90

Name

City (country) Adelaide (Australia)


Overview (background / service / system information to users of the Southern Expressway while at the same

configuration)

Used to provide

time managing signals to provide reversible lanes for certain time periods. The peak

Appendix 79

morning and afternoon periods can be better handled by switching modes.

phones have been placed about every kilometer along the expressway,

Emergency

and drivers are also warned of dangers ahead.

Private cIntyre Pty Ltd Maunsell MExecuting


Surveyed Results -


* CCTV

* Changeable message signs

ork

* VMS

* GSM netw

Infrastructure-side


phones installed every kilometer Emergency

Deployment

Scale User-side


-



Source ITS Global Conference 2001

No. 91

ame Automatic lane switching barrier for Auckland Harbour Bridge

N

City (country) Auckland (New Zealand)



configuration)

to better cope with the peak morning and evening rush hours, a bridge signal

used for dividing up the lanes was introduced in the early 1980s.

a

f

or decreased up to four times. A machine

crete block barriers tied in a row.

In order

control system

However, in 1990 at least 16 people died in head-on collisions at the bridge, so

system with automatic lane switching barriers was adopted. Every day the number o

lanes in one direction can be increased

moves con


Organization Public Zealand Transit New


Applied Technologies * VMS

* CCTV

Deployment

Scale

Infr de

(r )

astructure-si


Unknown

80 Appendix

User-side

hers) (onboard unit, ot

Unknown


Initial Investment / Operating Costs NZ$13.9 million


2.3 Demand Management

ring (adjusting traffic flows at expressway onramps)

No. 92

Name Ramp Mete

City (country) Nationwide (Netherlands)

Execution Period 12 years

Overview (background / service / system g systems have been installed at 30 locations nationwide. VMSs at

way entrances indicate whether entrance onto the expressway is possible.

utomatically adjusts traffic volumes on the expressways. configuration)

Ramp meterin

express

This system a


Unknown Organization Public


Applied Technologi VMS es

Infrastructure-side

t, etc.)

pressway on ramps

(roadside equipmen

At 30 ex

Deployment

Scale User-side


-




2.4 Road Management

No. 93

ident Detection System

Name Prompt Acc

City (country) France



configuration)

tion

and Traffic Analysis): the private toll road company (Cofiroute) and the government are

ARMADA (Multisensor Radar Application for the Improvement of Incident Detec

Appendix 81

conducting trials of this rapid accident detection system by radar.

Private Cofiroute Executing



Applied Technologies Radar

Infrastructure-side


Unknown

Deployment

Scale User-side


Unknown

Testing / Operation Unknown


o. 94

Road Management System

N

Name

City (country) USA



configuration)

Metropolitan ITS: an accident management program and freeway management

t

ed.

system have been introduced in various regions.

Regional ITS: the infrastructure employment management system, fleet managemen

and maintenance are introduc


Organization Public State DOT (Arizona and others)



Infrastructure-side


* CCTV

* Inductive loop Deployment

Scale User-side


-



No. 95

d Weather Information System) Name RWIS (Roa

City (country) Sweden


Overview (background / service / system ther Information System) provides road weather information to The RWIS (Road Wea

82 Appendix

configuration) faces in winter. prevent the accidents on frozen road sur


National Road Administration) Organization Public SNRA (Swedish


Applied Technologies Thermal mapping system of the road network

Infrastructure-side


Unknown

Deployment

Scale User-side


Unknown



Source

WIS: Road Weather Information System (Sweden)

tp://www.ertico.com/its_basi/succstor/rwiscon.htm

pment and use of the Road Weather Information System

tp://www.rwis.net/pdf/rwis.pdf

* http://www.ertico.com/its_basi/succstor/rwiscon.htm

in Traffic Management

http://www2.ceri.go.jp/sirwec2002/english/papers/portaankorva.pdf

* R

ht

* Develo

ht

* Road Weather and Traffic Data

ame MATHEUS Project

No. 96

N

City (country) Finland


Overview (background / service / system ish a traffic control center for improving traffic management in

jor functions are monitoring and controlling road traffic, and configuration)

The project is to establ

Helsinki. The ma

collecting and exchanging information.





Infrastr ide


ucture-s

(r

Unknown

Deployment

Scale User-side


Unknown

Appendix 83



No. 97

Sensor for Mapping the Amount of the Salt on the Road Surface Name Radiometric

City (country) Italy



configuration)

nt of salt on the road surface.

When the road surface is forecasted to freeze, the road operator can determine

whether to spread salt on the road.

By using a radiometer, the system evaluates the amou


ation Public Organiz Unknown



* Radiometer

* GPS

* GSM

Infrastructure-side


Unknown

Deployment

Scale User-side


Unknown



Source Paper of the 8th World Congress on ITS

No. 98

Name MDSS (Maintenance Decision Support System) Project

City (country) USA


Overview (

configuration)

background / s system maintenance based on the existing

d weather conditions to support road management ervice /

The system identifies roads requiring

information about roads an

decision making in winter.


Organization Public FHWA (Federal Highway Administration)


Applied Technologies latest weather models and forecasting techniques The system combined with the

84 Appendix

Infrastructure-side


Unknown

Deployment

User-side


Scale Unknown



Source rica

350056a3a7/703f75b

d685256c9f006cd376?OpenDocument

* Paper of the 8th World Congress on ITS

* ITS Ame

http://www.itsa.org/ITSNEWS.NSF/4e0650bef6193b3e852562

38e0d25

Name rtation Management System)

No. 99

CTMS (Colorado Transpo

City (country) Colorado (USA)



configuration)

anagement system creates a database of road assets and records

tions. Lockheed Martin Transportation Systems located in the

The ITS facility m

maintenance condi

U.S. developed the system.

Private tegrator) * Lockheed Martin (Systems In

* MK Centennial (Program Manager) Executing




* Traveler information system

* Traffic management system

* Public Transportation system

* Database

Infrastructure-side


Unknown

Deployment

Scale User-side


Unknown


Initial Investment / Operating Costs operate, and maintain project * $30 million (5 year) for design, build,

Source ongress on ITS * Paper of the 8th World C

* ITS in COLORADO

Appendix 85

http://www.its.dot.gov/staterpt/CO.HTM

2.5 Advanced Driving Assi

No. 100

Name le-Interval Control System

stance

Automatic Vehic

City (country) Japan



configuration)

cars since July 1999 which are equipped with an automatic

ntrol systems. that controls the accelerator and brake.

Nissan has been selling

vehicle-interval co

Private Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Executing


Surveyed Results -

Applied Technologies Radar

Infrastructure-side


-

Deployment

Scale User-side


High-end Nissan automobiles



nic Financial Transactions

o. 101

City Card System

2.6 Electro N

Name

City (country) City of Oulu (Finland)

Execution Period 000 Since Oct. 2


configuration)

ard is equipped with a settlement function that covers more than just

. These cards can also be used at libraries, museums,

Each City C

public transportation and taxis

movie theaters, concert halls, sporting venues, parking lots and other locations. The

card has a photo of the card owner, so it can also serve as a form of identification.

Private Major banks Executing

Organization Public MTC (Ministry of Transport and Communications)

Surveyed Results -

Applied Technologies IC card

86 Appendix

Infrast de


r ructure-si Card reade

Deployment

Scale User-side


-



Source tml

* ITS Global Conference 2001

* http://www.congressoulu.fi/english/introduction.h

No. 102

Name t)ICARE (Integration of Contactless Technologies into Public Transport Environmen

City (country)

* Paris (France)

* Lisbon (Portugal)

* Konstanz (Germany)

* Venice (Italy)

Execution Period From Jan. 1996 to Dec. 1997


configuration)

Technologies into Public Transport Environment)

contactless payment and ticketing system for

l and multi-operators in public transport environments to improve the

haracteristics are inductive transmission at

6MHz, high level of security, full compatibility with existing ticketing system

agnetic stripes, and full compatibility with ISO 7816 contact card standard.

ICARE (Integration of Contactless

studied and implemented a new

multi-moda

quality of the service. The main c

6.78/13.5

using m

Private

* Azienda Del Consorzio Trasporti Veneziano (Italy)

ariat a l'Energie Atomique (France)

* Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung E.V.

* Innovatron Industries S.A. (France)

e Engenharia de Sistemas e

* Landkreis Konstanz (Germany)

* Operadores de Transporte de Lisboa Ace (Portugal)

arisiens (France)

Nationale des Chemins de Fer Francais (France)

Eltec S.P.A. (Italy)

* Commiss

(Germany)

* Instituto d

* Computadores (Portugal)

* Regie Autonome des Transports P

* Societe

* Tecnotour

Executing

Organization

Public Unknown

Appendix 87



* Inductive transmission (6.78MHz/13.56MHz)

* Microprocessor chip card and reciprocal authentication (Based on DES algorithm

with random numbers)

Infrastructure-side


Unknown

Deployment

Scale User-side


* Participation of regular users of boat services and people working in Venice

)

he 1st experiment (Konstanz)

(Venice

* 300 real users for t


Initial Investment / Operating Costs Cost: EUR 2.50 million Project

No. 103

IN-RESPONSE (Incident Response with On-line Innovative Sensing) Name

City (country)

* Thessaloniki (Greece)

* Munich (Denmark)

nce)

* Oslo (Norway)

* Paris (Fra

* Valencia (Spain)

* Eindhoven (Netherlands)

Execution Period From Jan. 1996 to Mar. 1999


configuration)

This project demonstrated improvement in the incident management system (e.g.

incident detection/prediction/verification, incident and health emergency response

and information/warning to users). Based on both the user needs and the functional

specification, the system architecture was defined at the conceptual and functional

improving performance, innovative technologies were sought: hybrid

ion, combination of multimedia communications, and

cision support systems and algorithms for effective response.

level. For

technologies for detect

combination of de

Executing

Organization Private

* Transeuropean Consulting Unit of Thessaloniki (TRUTh) (Greece)

* Alcatel ISR (France)

* Aronis Drettas Karlaftis Consulting Engineers (Greece)

* Institut National de Recherche sur les Transports et leur Securite (INRETS)

(France)

* Sociedad Iberica de Constructiones

* Electricas S.A. (Spain)

* Steierwald Schonharting und Partner GmbH (Germany)

88 Appendix

Public

inistry of Transport, Rijkswaterstaat AVV (Netherlands)

ian Public Roads Administration (Norway)

tion for Scientific and Industrial Research at the Norwegian Institute of

Technology (SINTEF) Transport Engineering (Norway)

* M

* Norweg

* The Founda

Surveyed Results

* Highest Detection Rate: Munich (96%) and Thessaloniki (82%) with

INRESPONSE

nce Improved on: traffic flow (low/high, weaving), site geometric

(entrance-exit ramps), and regular roads. A benefit-cost ratio of 1.2-3.3 with the new

* Performa

system was estimated.


* Machine vision

* Automatic vehicle identification

* Weigh-in-motion for improved incident detection

* CCTV

ventional methods for incident verification

pport system

* Cellular phone

* Con

* Decision su

* Algorithms for effective incident response and health emergency response

Infrastructure-side


Unknown

Deployment

Scale Us

(onboard hers)

er-side

unit, ot

Unknown


Initial Investment / Operating Costs Unknown (No financial details given yet)

No. 104

ay Operators Validate Electronic Fee Collection for Interoperable Name

MOVE-IT (Mortorw

Transport)

City (country) All europe

Execution Period From Jan. 1996 to Apr. 1998


configuration)

MOVE-IT (Motorway Operators Validate Electronic Fee Collection for Interoperable

with many expressway toll operators in Europe aimed to develop an

roject focuses on aspects of contractual

, taken in

conjunction with the results of the DRIVE II projects. The most commonly

considered system was one using roadside beacon communication with DSRC, and

the other using GPS or GSM.

Transport)

interoperable system for ETC. The p

interoperability. A high-level analysis was performed of the users' needs

Appendix 89

Private Unknown

Executing

Organization Public

* Ministry of Transport, Rijkswaterstaat AVV (Netherlands)

iacion de Sociedades Espanoles Concesionarias de Autopistas (Spain)

ociation de Societes Francaises d'Autoroutes (France)

* Associazone Italiana Societe Concessionarie Autostrade e Trafori (Italy)

* Auto-Estradas de Portugal SA (Portugal)

* Bundesministerium fur Verkehr (Germany)

* Finnish National Road Administration (Finland)

Highway Fund (Greece)

Van de Vlaamse Gemeenschap (Belgium)

hische Autobahnen- und Schnellstrassen-Aktiengesellschaft (Austria)

sh National Roads Administration (Sweden)

Research & Development

* International S.A. (Greece)

* Transport Research Laboratory (UK)

* TUV Rheinland Sicherheit und

schutz GmbH (Germany)

* Asoc

* Ass

* Greek National

* KULeuven (Belgium)

* Ministerie

* Osterreic

* RAPP AG Ingenieure + Planer (Switzerland)

* Swedi

* Transport

* Umwelt


* Roadside beacon communications

Applied Technologies * DSRC

* GPS

* GSM

Infrastructure-side


Unknown

Deployment

Scale User-side


Unknown



No. 105

Name Egnatia Odos (east-west) Highway

City (country) Greece

Execution Period Until 2005

Overview (background / service / system Approximately 216km of the highway have already been opened. Plans include

90 Appendix

configuration) C and other such systems, weather information systems,

anes within tunnels and other services.

routine management, ET

reversible l


Organization Public State-owned company, Egnatia Odos


Applied Technolo

ystem

C

gies

* CCTV

* Video Display S

* VMS

* Broadcast on site

* RDS-TM

* GSM

* Internet

Infrastructure-side

t, etc.) (roadside equipmen

DSRC

Deployment

Scale User-side


Unknown




http://www.roadtraffic-technology.com/projects/egnatia/

No. 106

Name SmarTrip

City (country) Washington D.C. (USA)

Execution Period Since May 1999


configuration)

MATA (Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority) have been

sing since the mid 1990s based on the Cubic Transport Systems' Go Card

gies. SmarTrip is an electronic settlement systems using smart cards. The

cards can serve as an “electric wallet” capable of holding the equivalent of US$200.

This card can be used for all of the public transportation systems in the Washington

cards are issued annually.

Tests of W

progres

technolo

area. 60 million

Private Cubic Transport Systems, Inc. Executing

Public ashington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority) Organization WMATA (W

Appendix 91

Surveyed Results -

Applied Technologies IC card

Infrastructure-side


Card reader

Deployment

cale User-side


IC Card S


Initial Investment / Operating Costs US$20 million

Source ww.wmata.com/riding/smartrip.cfm * ITS Global Conference 2001 http://w

No. 107

Name TELEPASS System

City (country) Italy



configuration)

since 1990. Three hundred seventy-two ETC accessible tollgates, 930

0.8 million transponders are in operation. (as of Dec. 1997)

TELEPASS system, an electronic toll collection system based on IC cards, has been

operational

ETC lanes,

Private a (Vendor: GEC-Marconi) AutostradExecuting


Surveyed Results known Un

Applied Technologies radio communications (5.8GHz DSRC) Microwave

Infrastructure-side

(roa c.)

z DSRC)

dside equipment, et

* Roadside interrogator (5.8GH

* 372 tollgates in use

* 930 ETC lanes Deployment

User-side

(onboard unit, others) epayment smartcard

nits circulated

Scale * Transponder

* Contactless pr

* 0.8 million u



Source Telepass http://www.telepass.it/

ca5.html Autostrade http://www.autostrade.it/pagine_1/english/e-s

92 Appendix

No. 108

Name ETC

City (country) UK

Execution Period From Nov. 1996 to Summer 1997

Overview (background / service / system The Transport Research Laboratory had undertaken ETC trials from Nov. 1996 to

summer 1997. Both 5.8GHz DSRC and GPS were tested. The result showed that

GPS had issues regarding high total system cost and difficulty in enforcement. configuration)

Private * GEC-Marconi

* Transport Research Laboratory Executing



Applied Technologies e radio communications (5.8GHz DSRC) * Microwav

* GPS

Infrastructure-side


Unknown

Deployment

Scale User-side n


Unknow



Source for Transport http://www.roads.dft.gov.uk/roadnetwork/nrpd/track/b1.htm* UK Dept.

Name

No. 109

ETC

City (country) Canada

Execution Period Since 1997(Highway Opening)


nfiguration)

an Highway International

ated the

northern edge of the greater Toronto area in 1998. Sixty-nine km of the highway

features fully electronic toll collection system. An additional thirty-nine km of the

highway will stret east and west in 2001.

The ETC consists of 3 subsystems: a roadside toll collection system (checking the

installation and type of transponder systems; if no transponder attached in the

r (checking entry and exit and the toll), and a revenue management system

(user account information; charging; monitoring; management system) There is an

The Ontario Ministry of Transportation and Canadi

collectively completed a CA$15billion construction of Highway 407 loc

ch

co

vehicle, adopting the license plate number recognition system), a toll transaction

processo

Appendix 93

extra toll in peak hours.

Private * Marconi

* Canadian Highway International Executing

Organization Public * Ontario State Department of Transport


Applied Technologies Asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) system

Infrast de


ll transaction processor

venue management system (RMS)

ructure-si

quipmen

* Video imaging

* Central to

* Re

* 6 lanes

Deployment

Scale

User-side


* Broadcast transponder

million cars/month * Average 6


Initial Investment / Opera on ting Costs CA$15 billi

Source * Marconi-Canadian Highway 407

w.marconi.com/html/products/canadianhighway407.htm http://ww

No. 110

Name ETC

City (country) Germany



configuration)

German ministry of transport (BMV) plans to introduce a toll collection on

expressways for trucks only starting in August 2003,using GPS based systems.

Private ETC.de condortium

utsche Telekom, Cofiroute)

* The Toll Collect

(DaimlerChrysler, DeExecuting

Organization nistry of transport Public German mi



* GSM

Infrastructure-side

(roadsid t, etc.)

Infrared communication


Scale


User-side Onboard unit


94 Appendix


Source

)

.daimlerchrysler.com/index_e.htm?/specials/transglobal/transglobal09/in

* Newsletter “The Intelligent Highway”(Jan 1, 2003

*http://www

terview_e.htm

No. 111

Name Inter-Societes) program

TIS (Telepeage

City (country) e Franc

Execution Period Since Jun. 2000


atic vehicle detection antennas and 670,000 tags

configuration)

The system has 1,423 autom

circulated throughout France. This is the highest number of tags in Europe.

Private companies have operated ETC systems for 10 years, but these systems

were not compatible with one another. TIS (Telepeage Inter-Societes) program

supported by toll road operators allowed drivers to use standardized ETC services

on all toll roads starting in Jun. 2000. The new system is based on CEN standard.

Private

* AREA

* Cofiroute

* ESCOTA

* SPAN Executing

Organization

Public -


Applied Technologies Telepeage (electronic system)

Infrastructure-side


e with an antenna and electronic equipment

Under Construction)

* Beacon on a gantry or bridg

* 495 toll stations

* 7.187km of tolled kilometers (434km: Deployment

Scale User-side

(onboard unit, others) puter board to be inserted in a PC

* Onboard unit

* Smart card

* Microcom



Source

* Ertico http://www.ertico.com/its_basi/succstor/hamlecon.htm

EAN CAR-TRANSPORT GROUP OF INTEREST

s.org/Topics/roadtolls.htm

* EUROP

Road Pricing Systems http://www.eurocartran

Appendix 95

No. 112

Name y Vehicle Fee) HVF (Heav

City (country) Switzerland

Execution Period Since Jan. 2001


Swiss Customs Authority led the adoption of the Heavy Vehicle Fee system starting

2001. The objective is to increase rail usage for heavy freight. Heavy

Switzerland will be charged by mileage.

s, and a tachometer with GPS will measure the

mileage. The toll can vary depending on vehicle emissions.

configuration)

in Jan. 1,

vehicles over 3.5t on the public roads in

The DSRC will use CEN standard


rganization Public The Swiss Customs Authority (OZD) O



* EFC system

* DSRC (using CEN system)

* GPS

Infrastructure-side


Gantry

Deployment

Scale User-side


* Onboard unit ($750)

* Data-storage chip card

* Internet

* Tachograph (with reader, graphical display, keyboard and cable connection)



n invested (over US$100 million).

5 million (development), $71million

back office installation)

/year

* CHF 160 millio

* Installation of the System Cost: about $22.

(roadside &

* Operational Expenditure: $14 million (estimated)

Source .itsinternational.com/mag/sep01swisstolls.htm

* www.are.admin.ch/imperia/md/content/are/ are2/publikationen/englisch/1.pdf

* ITS International www

No. 113

ansport Telematics Implementation Co-ordination

Name CENTRICO (Central Region Tr

Project)

City (country) Netherlands

96 Appendix

Execution Period From Feb. 1999 to Mar. 1999


configuration)

Germany participate in CENTRICO

gion Transport Telematics Implementation Co-ordination Project) led by

ETC system was tested on Route A12 between Woerden and Utrecht

part of the project. Its objective was to obtain functional

Holland, Belgium, Luxembourg, France,

(Central Re

the EC. The

from Feb. to Mar. 1999 as a

information about four different units supplied by manufacturers under real

conditions of weather and traffic.


Organization Public EC



Infrastructure-side


n Unknow

Deployment

Scale


User-side Unknown


Initial Investment / Unknown Operating Costs

Source * Centrico www.itsproj.com/centrico/

No. 114

Name Smart Card Systems for Public Transport

City (country) Finland

Execution Period Since the end of 1998 (Helsinki)

Overview (background / service / system Smart cards based on various technologies are used for the country's intercity bus

fleets.Some local governments adopt smart cards for city transportation and parking

services as well. configuration)

Private Matkahoulto Group Executing

Public Unknown Organization


Applied Technologies Smart card

Infrastructure-side


Unknown

Deployment

Scale User-side


* About 4,500 buses installed smart card readers

* 60 bus terminals and 400 sales outlets throughout the country sell smart cards



Appendix 97

Source

n

ta.com/intnatl/intfocus/finland.htm

rtico.com/its_basi/succstor/smcrdcon.htm

* American Public Transportation Associatio

http://www.ap

* ERTICO

http://www.e

No. 115

Name INITIATIVE (Industry Initiative To Introduce Automatic Tolling In Vehicles in Europe)

City (country)

* Germany

ntries)

* Switzerland

* UK

(Test-sites located in above cou

Execution Period From Sep. 1998 to Feb. 2000


INITIATIVE (Industry Initiative To Introduce Automatic Tolling In Vehicles in Europe)

is one of the first ETC projects, whose results are expected to be used in further

eroperability between electronic fee collection

stems. The EFC systems employ two different technical approaches:

ort range communication (DSRC) and global navigation satellite

configuration)

projects. Its objective is validating int

(EFC) sy

dedicated sh

systems with cellular networks (GNSS/CN).

Private

* Ian Catling Consultancy (UK)

* ACOM (Switzerland)

* ASI (Switzerland)

* Fela (Switzerland)

* Kapsch Telecom (Germany)

annesmann Pilotentwicklung (Germany)

SA (Norway)

matics (Germany)

Laboratory (UK)

* M

* Q-Free A

* Tegaron Tele

* Transport Research

* TUV Rheinland Sicherheit und

* Umweltschutz GmbH (Germany)

Executing

Organization

Public Unknown


Applied Technologi

system (GNSS)

etworks (CN)

es

* Roadside equipment

* Central equipment

* DSRC

* Global navigation satellite

* Cellular n

98 Appendix

* Onboard unit

* Integrated circuit card (ICC)

Infrastructure-side


Unknown

Deployment

Scale User-side


26 experts registered and 10 more showed interests for the user group


Initial Investment / Operating Costs 8 million Budget of the Project: EUR 1.

Source * http://www.initiative-project.com/

nagement

2.7 Commercial Vehicle Ma

Name Border Clearance System

No. 116

Automatic

City (country) Canada

Execution Period known Un


configuration)

An automated border clearance system. Two test sites are the Ambassador bridge

tween Windsor and Detroit, and the Peace bridge between Fort Erie and Buffalo.

The system consists of electronic data interchange (EDI), communications between

and the roadside, and test weighing technology. The final goal is non-stop

arance for freight and passenger vehicles.

be

vehicles

custom cle

Private TransCore Executing

rganization Public TDC (Transportation Development Center) O


Applied Technologies AVI (Automatic vehicle identification) technology

Infrastructure-side


Test weighing machine

Deployment

User-side


Scale Transponders issued for 500 trucks



Source

om/markets/homeland_security/key_installations.htm

* TRANSCORE Key Instllations

http://www.amtech.c

Appendix 99

No. 117

Name l vehicle Management System Commercia

City (country) Germany

Execution Period Passo founded)

Since 1995

(Vodafone


configuration)

The private companies (Mannesman Passo, ComRoad and Euteltracs)

lized a commercial vehicle management system that positions vehicles in

real-time using GPS and a dispatch control center.

commercia

Private et services PASSO FleExecuting




* GSM

Infrastructure-side Unknown

(roadside equipment, etc.) Deployment

User-side


Unknown Scale



Source

/partners/partlist/vodafcon.htm

* ERTICO

http://www.ertico.com/its_basi/succstor/passocon.htm

* ERTICO

http://www.ertico.com

No. 118

Name nt System Road Manageme

City (country) USA


(The architecture documented)


configuration)

information systems and networks)

by Sep. 2003.

OT (Department of Transportation) selected eight states as pilot states

and extended its target to others. Its budget for 1998 to 2003 is $184 million,

layed due to budget cuts.

The deployment of CVISN (commercial vehicle

throughout the U.S. will be completed

The U.S. D

although de

Executing Private Unknown

100 Appendix

Organization Public U.S. DOT (Department of Transportation)



Infrastructure-side

(roadside equipment, etc)

Unknown

Deployment

Scale User-side


Unknown


Initial Investment / Operating Costs US$11.9 million

Source uapl.edu/cvisn/

* CVISN Home

* http://www.jh

No. 119

Name DIS (Dynafleet Information System)

City (country) Sweden



configuration)

veloped by VOLVO. It consists of onboard units and PCs at a control center. The

onboard unit has a TV monitor that shows a tachograph, engine data, vehicle

location, and traffic information provided by RDS-TMC. At the same time, a TV

the control center enables the operators to observe each vehicle’s

hours, and break time.

De

monitor at

location, fuel consumption, average speed, working

Private Volvo Executing

tion Public - Organiza


Applied Technologies mailbox

* Digital map

* Electronic

* The terrestrial GSM network

* The satellite-based inmarsat-C system

Infrastructure-side


Control center

Deployment

Scale User-side

(onboard unit, others) l

* Windows-based system

* About 130 trucks installing DIS

* Display on the dashboard

* Remote contro


Appendix 101


Source ht and Fleet Management (Europe)

w.ertico.com/its_basi/succstor/dis_dcon.htm

* DIS (Dynafleet Information System):

Freig

http://ww

vironmental Road Pricing

No. 120

Name En




configuration)

differentiated tolls charged on different toll roads, Environmental Road

other routes. This is on trial. ETC

users on specified detours can receive 20% discount on the tolls.

By setting

Pricing divert traffic from residential areas onto

Private - Executing

ation Public itan expressway public corporation Organiz Metropol



Infrastructure-side


-

Deployment

Scale User-side


-


Initial Investment / Operating Costs known Un

Source * .its.go.jp/ITS/j-html/2002HBook/section2/2-7j.html http://www

Figure 32 Environmental Road Pricing Concept (Japan)

No. 121

102 Appendix

Name Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) for Alleviating the Traffic Congestion




configuration)

olls, the system tries to discourage vehicle entry into congested

ke the centers of cities.

By varying the t

areas li

Private * Philips Singapore

Systems * CEI Executing

Organization Public Transport Authority) LTA (The Land


Applied Technologies * The 2.4-GHz DSRC system

* The microwave ERP system

Infrastructure-side


Unknown

Deployment

Scale User-side


Unknown



Source * The Intelligent Highway (Jan. 1, 2003)

2.8 Public Transport Mana

No. 122

Name ormation Delivery)

gement

RAPID (Real-time Advanced Priority and Inf

City (country) ustralia) Brisbane (A


Overview (background system

configuration)

This system monitors bus operations. Whenever a bus is running more than two

hind schedule, the system adjusts traffic signals to give priority to the

bus. Initially inductive loops were used to obtain the location of the buses, but GPS

in 1999.

/ service / minutes be

was added

Private Brisbane Transport Executing

Organization Public Brisbane City Council

Surveyed Results -


* Inductive loop

* Tag

* GPS

Appendix 103

* Electric signboard

Infrastructure-side


* Installed inductive loops at 400 intersections

ons * Electric signboards at 120 locatiDeployment

Scale User-side


wn Unkno



Source Paper of the 8th World Congress on ITS 2001

No. 123

Name Transitags

City (country) New South Wales (Australia)



configuration)

he buses belonging to the State Transit Company are equipped with Transitag

transponders. The amount of fuel remaining when a bus returns, the number of

buses and other information are automatically downloaded.

All of t

Private it State TransExecuting

Organization - Public

Surveyed Results -

Applied Technologies * Inductive loop

* Tag

Infrastructure-side


Everywhere that buses arrive/depart

Deployment

User-side


Scale -




No. 124

Name n Public Transport Information Priority System Real Time Passenger Informatio

City (country) Wales (Australia) New South


Overview (background / service / system buses along Sydney’s northern peninsula corridor have been equipped

tomatic Network Traveler Timer System) tags. The tags are linked configuration)

About 250

with ANTTS (Au

104 Appendix

with an onboard transmission system.

Working in cooperation with the public transport priority system being promoted by

Traffic Authority), this system not only provides information to

passengers, but also helps to control signals to give priority to public transportation.

RTA (Road and

Private * State Transit

* City Rail Executing

Public Organization

RTA (Road and Traffic Authority)

Surveyed Results * Traveling time standard deviation reduced by 38%

* Traveling times reduced by 13%


* Tag

* GPS

* Signal equipment

Infrastructure-side


Installed in 250 buses

Deployment

Scale User-side


-




ybus

No. 125

Name Sk

City (country) Copenhagen (Denmark)



configuration)

bus information. The positions of buses using GPS can be readily

information about the buses’ next stop and whether the bus is on

ers, passengers, and those waiting at the bus stop.

Provides real-time

ascertained and

time is provided to driv

Private Infocom Executing

Organization penhagen Transport Public Greater Co

Surveyed Result - s

Applied Technologi

* GPS

* GIS

ipment

es

* Signal equ

Deployment Infrastructure-s

Scale

ide


t 7 main intersections, in buses and at bus stops VMSs installed a

Appendix 105

User-side


-




No. 126

Name SAMPLUS (Systems for the Advanced Management of Public Transport

Operations)

City (country)

* Belgium

* Finland

* Italy

* Sweden

* UK

* Ireland

Execution Period From Mar. 1998 to Nov. 1999


configuration)

Responding to the needs of dispersed demand in rural areas, and of disabled and

elderly people, SAMPLUS (Systems for the Advanced Management of Public

Transport Operations) demonstrated and evaluated Demand Responsive Transport

(DRT). The project involved six EU countries and was designed to build on the

SAMPO platform of knowledge and results.

Private

* Transport and Travel Research Ltd (UK)

* Consorzio Intercomunale Area Fiorentina (Italy)

* European Transport and Telematics Systems Ltd (Ireland)

* NCLU (UK)

* SL Flygbussarna AB (Sweden)

* Tampereen Viatek OY (Finland)

* Vlaamse Vervoermaatschappij (De Lijn) (Belgium)

Executing

Organization

Public Ministry of Transport and Communications (Finland)

Surveyed Results In economic viability, service provision, and technical performance,.the project

demonstrations showed very good results.


Deployment

Scale

Infrastructure-side


Unknown

106 Appendix

Appendix 107

User-side


Unknown



Source * http://www.europrojects.ie/samplusmainweb/

2.9 Incident and Hazard Response No. 127

Name Car Anti-Theft Security Systems

City (country) USA



configuration)

With the spread of GPS and cellular phones, the number of car-position and status

monitoring services for theft prevention and the recovery of stolen vehicles is

increasing. General Motors developed OnStar, which provides a broad range of

telematics services, such as remote diagnostics, air bag deployment notification,

accident and roadside assistance, remote door unlock, stolen vehicle tracking and

personal concierge services.

Private General Motors Executing


Surveyed Results -


Infrastructure-side


Unknown

Deployment

Scale User-side


Unknown



Source http://www.onstar.com/visitors/html/ao_easy_operation.htm

No. 128

Name Automatic Accident Status Reporting System

City (country) USA

Execution Period From Oct. 2001 to Dec. 2005 (Phase II)

108 Appendix


configuration)

The wireless Enhanced 911 (E911) system pinpoints the location of the person by

an emergency call from a cellular phone. The system can identify the telephone

numbers of the persons making the reports, and the location of the nearest base

station to them. Phase II being deployed, Phase I is capable of positioning with a

precision of several kilometers.


Organization Public The FCC (Federal Communications Commission)



Infrastructure-side


Emergency Center

Deployment

Scale User-side


Cellular phone



Source * http://www.idinc.com/indyne_projects.cfm

* http://www.fcc.gov/911/enhanced/

No. 129

Name Automatic Accident Status Reporting System


Execution Period Since Sep. 2000


configuration)

The service is an emergency reporting service for use in case of accident or

emergency. HELPNET uses GPS to track the position of a vehicle or cellular phone

at all times. If an accident occurs, a user in the vehicle can report it by simply

pressing a special button. Reporting is automatic if it is linked to a vehicle's airbags.

The system also works for sudden illness, injury, crime, and other problems.

Private Japan Mayday Service Co., Ltd. Executing




* GPS

* Cellular phone

* Report button

* Communication unit

Appendix 109

* Navigation system

Infrastructure-side


Unknown

Deployment

Scale User-side


Unknown



Source http://panasonic.co.jp/pss/its/hn.html