2012 Critical Issues Summit Energy Panel, Part I

• 1. Alwyn A. JohnEnergy Management CoordinatorTST BOCES

2. Agenda Part I - The Basics of Energy Management What You Need to Know Part II - Making Energy Performance Contracting Work for your District Part III - Grab Long-term Benefits from your Capital Projects 2 3. Part I The Basics of EnergyManagement What YouNeed to Know3 4. Why is Energy Management Important? Good Energy Management is Good BusinessThe evidence is clear that for both public and private k12 schools, adopting an energy management strategy is a business decision you cannot afford to ignore. 4 5. The numbers EPA: $6 Billion Annual energy bill to operate Americas primary and secondary schools $1.5 Billion - EPA studies show that $1 out of every $4spent on energy by US schools is wasted. Energy cost total between 1.5% to 3.5% of a typicalschool districts annual budget. Energy is often secondonly to staff salaries more than computers andtextbooks combined. 5 6. Typical K12 Energy Use Distribution (varies by climate zone)7%Lighting10%Cooling 30%Space Heating 23%Water HeatingOther 30%6 7. Signs of Energy Waste in K12 Buildings EPA/Energy Star Statistics: The least efficient schools use three times (3x) moreenergy than the best energy performers Top performing ENERGY STAR labeled schools costforty cents per square foot less to operate than theaverage performers.7 8. Signs of Energy Waste Little improvement of overall energy consumption has been seenalthough building components are 30% more efficient since 1980. Over-sizing of building fan systems, on average, occurs by 60%. Most chillers are oversized by 50200%. - EPA8 9. Strong Energy Management= Real Savings Fairfax County Public Schools (VA)estimates an annual energysavings of $4.5 million (7.19%) from energy efficiency improvementson a $62.6 million utilities budget (FY: 2011-12) In 2001, the first year of their Energy Management program, SandyCreek CSD (NY) saved $300,000 on a $1.4 Million utility budget (~21%).Total of $2.7 Million in savings from 2001 to 2009. 9 10. Key Elements of an EffectiveEnergy Management Policy1) Maintain a Useable Energy Tracking & Benchmarking System2) Regularly Update and Follow a Market Sensitive Energy Procurement Policy3) Enforce a Staged Approach to Implementing Energy Conservation Measures10 11. Maintain a Useable Energy Tracking & Benchmarking System 11 12. Energy Tracking-Utility Bill Tracking and Analysis (Monthly) Maintain a copy (physical or electronic) of all utilitybills for use by the Facilities Department. Record monthly billing data including unit cost,quantity and weather information Compare usage to similar prior periods to identifymaintenance issues, etc. Software Tools: MS Excel, EnergyWatchdog, SchoolDude/Utility Direct,12 13. Potential Billing Issues Miscellaneous Charges Manual download charges on interval meters Demand Charges Do they appear to be reasonable ? Quantities and Volume Verify that the figures for kwh, KW and therms of natural gas agree between the supply and delivery companies. Electricity should be 1-to-1 and Natural gas should be +- 1.0%. 13 14. Benchmarking-Benchmarking (annually) Using historical utility data to:Confirm savings from energy conservation investmentsCompare a buildings normalized performance vs. internaland external peersSoftware/ServiceExamples: NYSERDAs Energy SmartSchools Benchmarking program, EPA Portfolio Manager 14 15. Regularly Update and Follow a Market Sensitive Energy Procurement Policy 15 16. Pending Crisis Due to the recession, demand for energy supply is down, resulting in the lowest cost per unit of electricity in the last decade. Natural gas is also seeing record lows.This is a TEMPORARY condition. Over time, usage demandwill return and cost/unit will rise) Utility delivery (NYSEG, etc)companies are starting to shift rate structures to put a greater emphasis on peak demand usage. Over the next 5 years or so we can expect to see increasing peak demand charges and an elimination of the differential between day and night rates. When usage demand returns, we will be impacted by both increased cost/unit and increased peak demand charges 16 17. Anatomy of a Utility BillThanks to deregulation laws in NYS, our primary utility bills(electricity and natural gas) are split into two sections: DELIVERYSUPPLY Responsible for physical Provider of the actual energydelivery of energy and usage Ex: NYSEG Solutions, Directmetering. Energy, MEGA, etc. Owner of the power lines,gas piping and onsite meters Ex: NYSEG, RGE, etc. 17 18. Alternative Energy Suppliers- Benefits Avoid hourly billing Take advantage of discounts for longer term purchaseagreements Control over the risk vs. reward balance 18 19. Alternative Energy Supplier - Options Self-directed Bidding Process Private Broker (Professional Services) Join a group: MEGA OCM BOCES Energy Procurement TST BOCES Energy Consortium Others ** Note the difference between wholesale and retail suppliers19 20. Enforce a Staged Approach toImplementing Energy Conservation Measures 20 21. 21 22. Operations & Maintenance Functioning as designed Calibrate thermostats Adjust dampers Janitorial services 22 23. Functioning as DesignedRetro-commissioningRegularly inspect allequipment and controlsto ensure they arefunctioning as designed23 24. Functioning as Designed Example 1: New school building with regular power qualityproblems. Motors burning out, light fixtures failing early.Two years after construction, it was discovered that a powerconditioner was installed as part of the original construction,but was never turned on. Example 2: Public school built around 1975 with pneumaticcontrols, with consistently high heating bills andincreasingly more difficult to control temperature. Detailedphysical inspection of unit ventilators revealed that in prioryears as pneumatic controls failed, the outside air damperswhere hardwired in the open position (either 100% or 75%open). 24 25. Calibrate Thermostats Periodically, walk through the building and compare the thermostat setting with a hand held digital thermometer (preferably with 2 decimal places) 25 26. Adjust Dampers Bring in the least amount of outside air necessary to maintain proper air quality Reduce outside air requirements by adjusting dampers to minimize the need to condition outside air (within codes) 26 27. Janitorial Best Practices Team Cleaning Day Cleaning Coordinate Lighting Occupancy Sensors1. Joe Serna Jr (office building. Instituted day cleaning with hours from 11am to 8pm during 2001 energy crisis. Savings of 8% Total Building Energy2. Johnson City School District saved 7.95% Total District Energy during fiscal 2010-2011 by time shifting their third shift cleaning staff.27 28. Potential Savings for Changes to O&M28 29. 29 30. Occupants Behavior Turn off Equipment Institute an EnergyAwareness Program Use ENERGY STAREquipment Install Monitor PowerManagement Software Harvest Daylight Use Work Station TaskLighting/Zoned Lighting30 31. Turn off Equipment During off hours, make sure topower down everything such as copiers, kitchenequipment, and task lights - Smart Power strips31 32. Institute An EnergyAwareness Program Create Promotional Items Write News Releases Link to National Campaigns Communications Kit Energy Star Partner Kit (Free) - motivate change 32 33. Provide Direction onoff-hours use of facilities33 34. Use Energy Star Equipment Adopt a procurement policyas part of your overallsuccessful energymanagement strategy34 35. Install Monitor/CPU PowerManagement Software Monitor Power Management - Save up to $55 per monitor annually CPU/Hard Drive Power Management - Save up to an additional $45 per computer annuallyHarvard University Deployed EPA Power Management softwareacross its network of 800 computers using 1 technician working for a day.35 36. Potential Savings for Changesto Occupants Behaviors36 37. 37 38. Lighting Change Incandescents to CFL &HID Convert T12 to T8 and T5 Delamp Full Floor Lighting Sweeps Occupancy Sensors High Efficiency LED Exit Signs Install Timer Controls orPhotocells for ExteriorLighting/Dark Campus 38 39. Convert T12 to T8 & T5 High efficiency 4 lamp T8 fixture: 40% less heat output 10% greater light output 40% less Watts than T12 Re-Lamping? Consider Luminaire Dirt Depreciation 39 40. Occupancy Sensors Install occupancy sensors to automatically turn off lights when physical movement stops 40 41. Install Timer Controls orPhotocells for Exterior Lights Automatically controls lights in response to daylight Install timer controls or photocell for exterior lighting EMS Managed Lighting/Dark campus 41 42. Potential Savings for Changesto Lighting42 43. 43 44. Controls Adjust Temperature After Hours Usage Adjust Ventilation Limit Access to Thermostats Seasonal Changes Optimize Start Up Time andEquipment Sequencing Coast Last Hour of Operations44 45. Adjust Temperature Physically walk through the building and talk with tenants to determine if the actual temperature is comfortable. Consider clothing worn during that season Reduce (increase) temp. a min of 10 degrees F at night, weekends and holidays during heating (cooling) season45 46. Optimize Start Up Time & Equipment Sequencing Experiment to determine the LATEST possible start uptime. Can you start your systems 5,10, 15,30 minutes later andstill achieve the desiredtemperature when tenantsarrive?46 47. Coast Last Hour of Operations Experiment to determine the EARLIEST possible time the systems can be powered down while maintaining comfort. Can you shut down 15, 30, 45, 60 minutes early and still maintain adequate IAQ? 47 48. Potential Savings for Changes to Controls48 49. 49 50. Equipment Install VFD & VAV Install Heat Recovery Equipment Relocate Thermostats to Optimal Locations50 51. Install Variable FrequencyDrives & Variable Air Volume Systems Motors operate atpart-load 98% of the time VAV air systems use 30% less energy than constant volume 51 52. Potential Savings for Changesto Equipment52 53. How Will We Pay For This? Annual Maintenance Budget Traditional Capital Projects SED $100,000 Project Energy Performance Contract (EPC)53 54. Energy Performance Contracting SED allows EPC agreements to go out a maximum of 18years. 5 to 10 year EPC agreements are optimal Take advantage of SED $100,000.00 project incentive. C&SCompanies of Syracuse has an innovative solution calledNET ZERO that combines features of an EPC agreementwith five $100,000.00 projects. Building aid + energysavings + grant money = $0.00 cost to district for over$500,000.00 worth of projects. Consider a self-directed EPC 54 55. Thank YouEmail me for full contact information and links to all of the programs mentioned in this presentation Alwyn A. John [email protected] Cellphone: 607-227-636155