Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics Laboratories The Ohio State University “Fundamental Mechanisms, Predictive Modeling, and Novel Aerospace Applications of Plasma Assisted Combustion“ Program Overview and 3 rd Year Progress W. Lempert Departments of Mechanical&Aerospace Engineering and Chemistry The Ohio State University Columbus, OH DoD MURI Third Year Review Meeting November 6, 2012 2009 MURI Topic #11: Chemical Energy Enhancement by Nonequilibrium Plasma Species PRINCETON University
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Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics Laboratories The Ohio State University
“Fundamental Mechanisms, Predictive Modeling,
and Novel Aerospace Applications of Plasma Assisted Combustion“
Program Overview and 3rd Year Progress
W. Lempert
Departments of Mechanical&Aerospace Engineering and Chemistry
The Ohio State University
Columbus, OH
DoD MURI Third Year Review Meeting
November 6, 2012
2009 MURI Topic #11: Chemical Energy Enhancement by
Nonequilibrium Plasma Species
PRINCETON
University
Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics Laboratories The Ohio State University
MURI Principal Investigators
• Walter R. Lempert, Igor V. Adamovich, J. William Rich, Jeffrey
Sutton.
Ohio State University – Program Lead Institution.
• Yiguang Ju, Richard B. Miles, and Mikhail Shneider , and Andrey
Starikovskiy
Princeton University.
• Richard Yetter
Pennsylvania State University
• Vigor Yang
Georgia Institute of Technology
Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics Laboratories The Ohio State University
Primary Scientific Issues
Plasma sources have shown promise in enhancing several
fundamental combustion phenomena such as:
I. Reduction of ignition delay which impacts high speed
(supersonic/hypersonic) propulsion.
II. Increase flammability limits, particularly fuel-lean combustion (potential for
decreased temperature and reduced NOx.
III. Increased extinction strain rate (lower temperature turbulent combustion).
Despite the progress in development of plasma-based “devices”
(torches, filamentary discharges), there has been very little
effort in developing a comprehensive understanding of the
Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics Laboratories The Ohio State University
MURI Thrusts: Inter-Relationships
Experimentally validated kinetic mechanisms and modeling codes capable of predicting the impact of
nonequilibrium plasmas on reactive processes, particularly on ignition, chemical energy release, and flameholding in combustors of flight vehicle engines
Mechanisms
Studies of diffusion and transport of active species
in representative two dimensional
reacting flow geometries
Experimental and modeling studies of fundamental non-
equilibrium discharge processes
MURI : Chemical Energy Enhancement by Non-equilibrium Plasma Species
Experimental studies of non-equilibrium air-fuel
plasma kinetics usingadvanced non-intrusive
diagnostics
Kinetic model development and
validation
Scientific approach structure for 2009 Plasma
Assisted Combustion MURI program.
(1) Advanced methodologies
and facilities for acquisition
of new experimental plasma
kinetic data sets.
(2) Development of advanced
plasma chemical oxidation
mechanisms.
(3) Development of validated
numerical modeling codes.
Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics Laboratories The Ohio State University
Facility Summary* (Designed to Span Wide T, P Range)
(*All facilities designed and fabricated specifically for this program.)
3000K
1000K
300K
0.01atm 1atm 100atm
Flames
(Ju, Sutton)
Flow Reactors
( Yetter, Adamovich)
Shock Tube
(Starikovskiy)
RCM
(Starikovskiy)
MW+laser (Miles)
JSR/Flow Reactor (Ju)
Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics Laboratories The Ohio State University
MURI Team Major Interconnections
Technical Activities
• OSU/Princeton/GT/Penn State: OSU Plasma Kinetic Model.
• Princeton/Georgia Tech: Plasma Diffusion Flame
Expt./Simulation.
• OSU/Georgia Tech: Nsec Plane-to-Plane DBD Discharge Model
and H2/Air Ignition Expt.
• OSU/Penn State: OSU Supplied Pulsed Discharge for PSU
Reactor. (Collaborative OH LIF Measurements are Planned for Future).
Team Coordination and Communication
• ~Monthly Telecoms.
• AIAA Aerospace Sciences (and other) Meetings.
• Yearly Program Reviews.
Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics Laboratories The Ohio State University
A Few Year 3 Highlights
Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics Laboratories The Ohio State University
OSU Platform I: Low T Plasma Chemical
Kinetic Studies - Plane-to-Plane NS Discharge
Absolute OH (LIF) and T (CARS&LIF) – Konnov Kinetic Mechanism
CH4, C2H4/Air, To = 500 K, P = 100 Torr, 50 Pulses@40 kHz (C3H8 Data Also Obtained)
Side view: T0=500 K, ϕ=0.3, 50 nsec gate, single-shot Schematic
Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics Laboratories The Ohio State University
OSU Platfrom II: Low Pressure NS Plasma-Flame
Goal: Examine the effects of non-equilibrium plasma on OH radical
concentration in a 1D low-pressure flame/plasma chamber
HVE
Plasma effects on OH generation are the greatest in the “preheat” zone (closest to burner) and
increase as the equivalence ratio is decreased.
Planned Absorption and Temperature measurements will put relative LIF signals on an
absolute scale.
FACILITY
BURNER
CONFIGURATION
Plasma off Plasma ON
CxHy/O2/N2 Flames
Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics Laboratories The Ohio State University
Experimental Platform III:
Point-to-point, single-pulse nsec pulse discharge
10
mm
2 mm
N2, P=100 torr, 15 mJ/pulse, Psec CARS
N2, P=100 torr, 15 mJ/pulse, 10 μs delay
Spontaneous Raman
Total Vibrational Quanta More Approximately
Double AFTER 1 μsec
Air Behaves Similarly
Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics Laboratories The Ohio State University
Penn State Flow Reactor Studies (Ethylene/O2/Argon)
Strategy: Dilute Mixtures Enables Low T Kinetics to be Studied Under
Isothermal Conditions. Data Obtained With/Without Plasma.