2009 Agricultural Research Priority_Vision 2030

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Agricultural Research Priority : Vision- 2030 and beyond

Dr. Md. Nasiruddin, Group Leader and

Dr. Mian Sayeed Hassan, PSO (Crops), BARC and Member-Secretary

December 2009

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Acknowledgement

The Group Leader for Rice expresses gratitude to Dr. Wais Kabir, Executive Chairman,

BARC and Member-Director (P&E), BARC for selecting me to prepare the priority research for

rice towards Vision 2030 and Beyond. Thanks to all Head of Divisions and Programe Leaders of

BRRI, Director Research, BINA and Prof. Dr. Khaleque Mian of BSMRAU for their kind help

and cooperation with discussion in Group Workshops and providing necessary information.

Special thanks to all the members of BARC who organized four regional workshops to collect

field problems.

The Group Leader is also thankfull to all the stakeholders who contributed to identify field

problems on rice in four regional workshops at Bogra, Chittagong, Barisal and Mymensingh.

Finally, time to time advice and logistic support provided by P&E, BARC, Dr. Mian Sayeed

Hassan, PSO (Crops), BARC and Mr. Babar Ali for help with Computer in preparation of the

report are gratefully acknowledged.

The Group Leader for Rice

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Table of Contents

Page no Acknowledgement i Table of Contents ii List of Tables iii Executive Summary iv Chapter 1 Introduction 1 Chapter 2 Methodology and Approaches 2 Chapter 3 Review of status of rice area, production, yield trends of rice and

rice requirements for 2030. 4

3.1 Trends of rice production and population growth 4 3.2 Rice Eco/culture types and MV adoption 6

Chapter-4 Recent Rice Research Achievements for the target areas/problems. 8 4.1 Varietal improvement with emphasis on Hybrid rice and

Biotechnology 8

4.2 Diseases and Insect Pest Management 9 4.3 Crop Adaptation to Climate Change and Coastal Agriculture 10 4.4 Drought Management 12 4.5 Yield gaps and yield losses in rice production 13 4.6 Hill rice and agriculture 15

Chapter 5 The National and International Cooperation in rice research 18 Chapter 6 Summary of field problems and their ranking 20 Chapter 7 Responses on the comments/suggestions on the draft report by

expert in a workshop held at BARC on 8th March 2010. 21

Chapter 8 Conclusion and Recommendations. 22 Chapter 9 References 25 Annex 1 List of Priority Research Agenda 26 Annex 2 Brief description of 5 yr research plan by BRRI, BINA BSMRAU 28 Appendix 1 TOR of the Group Leaders 39 Appendix 2 Group Work Guidelines 41 Appendix 3 List of Group Leaders and Member-Secretaries and areas to be

covered (but not limited to) 42

Appendix 4 List of Participant in Group Workshops 44 Appendix 5 Comments on the draft report by the Experts in a workshop held on

8th March 2010 at BARC 46

Appendix 6 Field Problems identifications and their ranking in four regions. 49

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List of Table

Page no.

Table-1.

Area, production and yield trends of rice in Bangladesh, 1970-2006 4

Table-2.

Changes in rice area under four seasons 1970-2006

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Table-3.

Projected population, population growth rate, land man ration and demand and yield of rice, 1995-2020

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Table-4.

Seasons, Eco/culture type, Area, MV area and Yield of different ecotypes in Bangladesh, 2005-06.

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Table-5.

Rice Area (ha) in four coastal regions of Bangladesh during 2005.

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Table-6.

Rice Area (ha) in three hill districts of Bangladesh during the year 2005.

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Table-7.

Salt affected areas under different salinity categories in the coastal district of Bangladesh

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Table-8. Apparent nutrient balance sheet for three rice crops per year over eight years, BRRI, Bangladesh, 1984-91

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Table-9.

Intensity of drought and yield reduction of broad cast aus and T. aman rice in Bangladesh.

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Table-10. The farmers’ experience with rice yield by culture and by season (kg/ha) 14

Table-11. Yield gaps and yield losses from various stresses, estimates from farmers perception.

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Table-12. Summary of field problems and their ranking in four regions. 20

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Executive Summary

The past, present and future status of rice production, yield, mv coverage, research and constrains are briefly summarized below,

1. Two approaches were followed to prepare the report on priorities of rice research

towards vision 2030 and beyond. Firstly, information on the trends of rice area

production, yield, mv coverage, coastal and hill rice, salinity and drought situations etc.

were collected from the BBS and other published reports. Secondly, to identify field

problems, 4 regional workshops were organized by BARC and KGF, and the

recommendations of HYV rice workshops between BRRI-DAE from 1996 to 2004 were

considered. Finally, the priority research agenda was prepared through three group

workshops at BRRI and BARC. With the relevant NARS scientists, specially BRRI.

2. The total rice area is estimated as 10.58 mha, producing 27.31 mt of rice, total yield is

2.58 t/ha, mv yield is 3.14 t/ha and mv coverage is 74% during 2006-07 (BBS), Table.

The highest MV area (96%) in Boro, followed by 65% T. Aman, 50% T. Aus, on MV

rice for Deep water Table 4.

3. The rice accounts for 94% of food grain production. More than 90% of the population

derives 76% of its daily calories and 66% of its protein needs from rice. Rice alone

contributes 18% of GDP and 55% of labour empl0yment in its production, processing

and the marketing sector.

4. By the year 2030, the population will reach about 189.85 million requiring 39.8 million

t. of rice, keeping the area more or less constant, the required total yield would have to

be 3.8 t/ha and the present yield is 2.58 t/ha. Population rise is 2.0 million/by requiring

3.5 lakh tons of rice and farm size is less than 1.0 acre.

5. The fallacy of total area, total yield, production and mv coverage are some what

explained by breaking the total figures into seven culture/ecotype (Table 4). The boro

season is divided into two boro inland and boro tidal wetland saline. The aus season is

divided into three, direct seeded, transplanted and tidal wet land saline. The t.aman

season is divided into t.aman inland and t. aman tidal wetland weakly saline, and the

deep water rice.

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6. The area, mv yield, the varietal characteristics, problems/constraints and opportunities

for improvement are also different for different culture/ecotype. The boro yield is 3.4

t/ha and the deep water rice yield is 1.17 t/ha and the rests culture/ecotype yields are in

between (Table 4).

7. Out of the 2.2 mha of the gross cropped area in the coastal region, the rice area is 81%

varying from 79% in Barisal, Noakhali and 85% in Khulna (Table 5). But the mv

coverage is 6% in aus, 14% in t.aman and 20% in boro against the national coverage of

74% (Table 1). Salinity and submergence due to gal flooding is the limiting factor for

the expansion of MV rice area in the coastal region.

8. There are 0.224 mha of gross cropped area in the three bill districts. The rice covers

54% of the cropped area. The mv coverage is 11%, 26% and 35% in aus, boro and

t.aman seasons respectively (Table 6).

9. Total salt affected area in the five coastal regions are shown as 35% having the lowest

13% in Barisal and the highest 70% in Khulna (Table 7).

10. The cropping intensity is about 180% which may be the highest in the world. To meet

the future demand of food, cropping intensity and yield of rice must have to be

increased causing nutrients depletion (Table 8), a challenge to succeed the yield demand

by 2030.

11. Besides, natural resource degradation due to erosion, saliniszation, organic matter

depletion, water logging, pan formation, acidification and deforestation, yield reduction

due to drought occurs in aus and t.aman seasons in considerable extent (Table 9).

Though, the aus area decreased by about 50% from the year 1990 to 2006 but the t.aman

area is more or less static signifying the importance of drought in t.aman season.

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CHAPTER 1

Introduction

Bangladesh has a total area of 14.4 million ha, 62% of which are arable. It is one of the

densely populated countries of the world with 977 persons/km2 (2008-09). Agriculture is the

backbone of the economy accounting for 20.60% of GDP and 48.40% of employment. More

than 90% of the population derives 76% of its daily calories and 66% of its proteins needs

from rice. Rice alone contributes 18% of GDP and accounts for 55% of labour employment in

its production, processing and marketing sectors.

Based on National Agricultural Policy, a three year (2007-8 to 2009-10) Action Plan to

increase rice production by 17-25% was prepared by a Technical Task Force Constituted by

the Ministry of Agriculture. The Task Force determined the population as 147.52 million (1.48

growth rate) and the requirements of rice as 24.827 million tons of rice against the production

target of gross 34.88 mt at the end of the year 2009-10. The Action Plan is under

implementation at present.

Rice research and production system under gone immense change during 1970-71 to

2006-07 (Table-1). Though, the total rice area remained more or less static around 10.5 mha

during the period but the production increased by 2.58 times. Still food security has been and

will remain a major concern for Bangladesh, because of continued population growth at

relatively high rate. By 2020 and 2030 the population will be 172.9 and 189.84 million

requiring 35.5 and about 40.0 million tons rice respectively.

This is a monumental task, because the cropping intensity in Bangladesh has already

reached 180%, perhaps the highest in the world. Further more, agricultural land is increasingly

diverted to other uses such as housing, roads and industrial development. To be sustainable,

future production must be achieved with less land, less labour and less water with no harm to

the natural environment. Against this background, the challenge for Bangladesh is herculean

and only the application of modern technology, appropriate strategies, planning and

implementation will lead to success. In this regard, BARC is planning to prepare priorities of

Rice Research in Bangladesh towards vision 2030 and beyond. In this report, present rice

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production, yield trends, rice cropping intensity and constraints of rice production are reviewed

and based on these experiences future priorities of rice research are prepared.

CHAPTER 2

Methodology and Approaches

Based on the Terms of References (TOR) and the Guidelines for Group Works, the

group leader and the member secretary for rice initiated information gathering and discussion

with relevant personnel of the mandated NARS system for rice. Under rice, following areas are

included for the Vision Document 2030. These are (i) improvement of rice varieties (ii) disease

and pest management, (iii) crop adaptation to climate change, (iv) biotechnology, (v) coastal

agriculture and (vi) drought management. However, in order to avoid possible duplication

/overlapping and present programme area approach of rice research at BRRI, the National

Institute for rice, rice varietal improvement and biotechnology, crop adaptation to climate

change and coastal agriculture were considered together. In addition, as per mandate of BRRI,

crop-soil-water management, post harvest technology, rice farming system, socio-economics

and policy are included under rice.

The group leader and the member secretary first organized a workshop with the

programme leaders and Head of all Divisions at BRRI. The group leader explained to the

members of the workshop; BARC efforts and aims of preparing a sectoral vision document for

the NARS towords vision 2030 and beyond. In this context, the group leader explained the role

of rice in the national economy, the responsibility and challenge of the rice scientists to meet

the food requirements of the country during the vision period and beyond. At this, one of the

programme leaders responded and informed that with present rice technologies, by minizing

about 50% of yield gap, solving some field problems, specially drought, we can fulfill the

food requirements up to 2020.

During discussion, some heads of division pointed out that for some divisions,

preparation of long term research programme for 20 years or so, may be difficult and not

realistic. So, it was decided that each research division under their respective programme area,

will prepare a 5 year perspective research plan towards vision 2030. On the basis of 5 year

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plan, through modification, changes etc they will reach the target up to 2030. It was decided

that each division will prepare a 5 year research plan under the respective programme areas

and submit to the 2nd workshop for discussion. It was also decided that for rice varietal

development, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA) at Mymensingh and for

hybrid rice, plant breeding department of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibor Rahman Agricultural

University (BSMRAU) at Salna, Gazipur may be included.

Second group workshop was held at BARC with seven programme leaders of BRRI and

leader of hybrid rice project of BSMRAU. There was no representation from BINA. In the

workshop, there were about 120 research proposals from 18 divisions of BRRI under seven

programme areas and hybrid rice research proposal for Boro and T.aman seasons of

BSMRAU. Group leader briefly presented the past status of rice production in respect of

changes of acreage under four seasons, areas under MVs, total yield of MVs. He also projected

population trends, demand for rice, and the required yield t/ha of rice between the years 1995-

2030. It was decided that group leader will prepare a short list of priority research agenda

based on the present situation and future requirements of the country and present the short list

in the next workshop for finalization.

Third group workshop was held at BARC with seven programme leaders and

representative of BINA. Group leader presented the short list of research agenda and after

discussion, some changes and modification it was finalized. The group discussion outcome was

shown in Annexure-I.

Regarding identification of field problems and formulation of short listing of research

proposals form different NARS organizations, group leader studied the recommendations of

BRRI –DAE workshops on MV rice cultivation during the years 1996 to 2006; DAE. In

addition, four regional stakeholder workshops were organized by BARC-KGF at Bogra,

Chittagong, Barisal and Mymensingh to collect information on field problems for rice research.

Action Plans, different BRRI’s reports and group leader’s own experiences are taken into

account.

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As regards total rice area, areas under MVs, changes of areas under four seasons, total

yield, yield of MVs, trends of production, yields, demand of rice by the year 2030 are taken

from BBS sources.

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CHAPTER 3

Review of status of Rice area, Production, Yield trends of rice and rice requirements for 2030.

3.1 Trend of rice Production and Population growth

Rice, the staple food crop of Bangladesh, covers about 10.58 million ha of cropped area

and accounts for 94% of food grain production. More than 94% of the population derives 76%

of its daily calories and 66% of its protein needs from rice. Rice alone contributes 18% of GDP

and accounts for 55% labour employment in its production, processing and marketing sectors.

Bangladesh made modest but steady progress in agriculture in the post independence

period from 1970-71 to 2006-07 when cropping intensity increased from 148% to 180% and

rice production more than doubled (Table 1). As the dominant crop, rice largely determines the

rate of progress in the agriculture sector. In fact, the entire growth in crop production is

explained by the growth in food crop production, particularly, rice.

During the last three decades, the area grown to rice remained more or less static while

total production and yield of rice more than doubled (Table-1). The replacement of traditional

varieties by MV’s propelled the increase in rice production and yield (Table 1). The expansion

of irrigated area during the boro season and use of fertilizers contributed to greater rice

production. The aus and deep water rice areas decreased over the last three decades, while the

transplant aman (T.aman) area remained more or less the same (Table 2).

Table 1. Area production and yield trends of rice in Bangladesh, 1970-2006

Yield (t/ha)

Year Area (million ha)

Production (million t)

Total MV

MV rice area (%)

1970-71 9.74 10.97 1.1 3.3 4.7 1980-81 10.30 13.88 1.3 2.3 21 1990-91 10.40 16.79 1.6 2.1 44 2000-01 10.80 25.08 2.32 2.67 70 2006-07 10.58 27.31 2.58 3.14 74

Source: BBS (2008) and FPMU Food planning & monitoring unit (MFDM)

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Table 2. Changes in rice area under four seasons 1970-2006

Area (million ha) Year Boro

(irrigated) Aus Deep water

rice T.Aman (rainfed,

medium high land)

Total (million ha)

1970-71 0.80 3.19 1.82 3.91 9.72

1980-81 1.16 3.11 1.58 4.46 10.30

1990-91 2.52 2.10 0.93 4.88 10.43

2000-01 3.20 1.326 0.59 5.69 10.80

2006-07 4.07 0.906 0.50 5.18 10.58

Source: BBS, FPMU.

For small country of 14.4 million ha, Bangladesh has large population in the world, with

977 persons/km2. Bangladesh population, currently increasing at 1.36% per anum will swell to

189.85 million by 2030. To feed these people, almost 40.0 million tons of rice will be required

(Table 3). To achieve this population target, average yield of rice will have to increase from

2.80 t/ha to close to 4.0 t/ha (Table 3). The challenge facing the policy makers, administrators,

and the rice scientists are formidable in as much as there is little scope to expand the rice area.

It is assumed that rice area may further decrease with increase in population, land degradation

and climate change.

Table 3. Projected population, population growth rate, land man ration and demand and yield of rice, 1995-2030

Year Population (million)

Population growth rate

(%)

Land-and ratio

Demand for rice (million t)

Present and required yield

(t/ha) 1995 109.8 2.03 0.087 16.8 1.8

2000 132.4 1.79 0.072 23.9 2.4

2010 153.4 1.36 0.062 29.8 2.8

2020 172.9 1.16 0.053 35.5 3.4

2030 189.85 - - 39.8 3.8

Source: BARC (1994) BBS (2008)

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3.2 Rice Eco/culture types and MV adoption.

Modern rice varieties (MV) cover varying proportion of cultivated rice areas, depending

on the season and culture type. The highest MV are (96%) is in the boro season, producing the

maximum yield 3.4 t/ha (Table-4), followed by 65% in rainfed, medium high land T.Aman and

50% in the direct seeded and transplanted aus and 20-6% in the tidal wet land boro-aus saline

area. The lowest MV area (14%) is in the T.Aman tidal wet land, weakly saline area (Table 4)

growing mostly the traditional varieties. No MV rice variety is developed for the deepwater

rice ecosystem and only one variety just released (BRRI dhan 47) for the saline ecosystem.

Table 4 summarizes the present level of adoption of MVs in different seasons under different

culture and ecotypes and number of MVs rice developed for these land and culture type.

Table 4. Seasons, Eco/culture type, Area, MV area and Yield of different ecotypes in Bangladesh, 2005-06. Seasons, area and time

Ecotype/culture type

Area (mha)

Yield (t/ha)

MV area (%)

MV rices (no)

Remarks/Problems

Boro, 4.065 mha (Dec-May)

1. Irrigated rice (inland area)

3.70 3.4 96 23 Including hybrids, wfs and cold problems.

Aus (1.034 mha), Mar-Aug.

2. Direct Seeded Aus (Upland rice)

0.23 1.28 - 6 Drought prone area.

(May-Aug) 3. T.Aus (Partial irrigated)

0.42 2.09 50 12 -

Boro-Aus (tidal wetland) 0.75 mha

4. Tidal wetland (Boro-Aus, saline)

0.75 (0.35 Boro)

- 20-6* 1 BRRI dhan 47, salt tol. var., saline area

T.Aman, inland 4.92 mha (June-Dec)

5. T.Aman (Rainfed, medium high land)

3.89 1.99 (2.35 for

MV)

65 21 Drought, inland submerged prone area

T. Aman, (tidal wetland) (June-Dec.)

6. T. Aman (tidal wetland, weakly saline)

1.035 - 14* 5 2 var. proposed. coastal area, weakly saline and submergence prone area

Broad cast Aman 0.506 mha (Mar-Nov)

7. Deep water rice (medium low land)

0.505 1.17 - - Water depth 1-3 m

Source: BBS (2008) and Table 5. * target area to expand MV acreage.

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To meet the future demand for rice, the area under MVs has to be increased from the

present 74% to 85%. To achieve this goal, varietal development for tidal, saline and drought

prone area, improved production practices, quality inputs specially the seeds, fertilizers and

increasing the cropping intensity are needed. The socio economic and environmental issues

must also be addressed. The varietal characteristics needed for the different seasons and eco-

cultural type vary for yield, plant height, growth duration, and reaction to biotic and a biotic

stresses. Nasiruddin, Md. (1994) determined the characteristics required for each ecotype.

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CHAPTER-4

Recent achievements in rice research against the target areas/problems

4.1 Varietal development with emphasis on hybrid rice and Biotechnology.

During the last five years (2004-08) BRRI released nine varieties BRRI dhan 42 to

BRRI dhan 50 for three seasons with different characteristics which are described as follows.

Variety Season Maturity (days) yield (t/ha) Remarks BRRI dhan 42 Direct seeded aus 100 3.5 Drought tolerant

BRRI dhan 43 -do- 100 3.5 Drought tolerant

BRRI dhan 44 T. Aman 145 6.5 Tidal wetland

BRRI dhan 45 Boro 145 6.5 BR28 type

BRRI dhan 46 T. Aman 124 4.7 Nizersail type

BRRI dhan 47 Boro 150 6.0 Salt tolerant

BRRI dhan 48 T. Aus 115 4.5 Replacement of BR26

BRRI dhan 49 T. Aman 130 6.0 Replacement of BR-11 BRRI dhan 50 Boro 155 5.0 Basmati type/BR28

Proposed Variety

BR 5778-156-1-3-HR 14 T. Aman (Salinity tolerant) BR 5999-82-3-2 HR 1 T. Aman (Salinity tolerant) BR 11-sub 1-R 1 T. Aman (Submergent tolerant) Swarna-sub 1 T. Aman (Submergent tolerant) BR 11-sub 1 T. Aman (Submergent tolerant)

Out of these nine varieties only BRRI dhan 44 and BRRI dhan 47 can bring more new area in

the coastal region. Other varieties will be the replacement of the existing varieties.

BRRI started research on hybrid rice more than one decade and three hybrid rice

varieties were released but the acceptance of these hybrid varieties not satisfactory. Similar is

the case of Biotechnology research for variety development. No significant contribution can be

seen from this important area. Recently, two varieties for salinity tolerant and three varieties

for submergent tolerant are proposed for release as varieties. Of the three submergent tolerant

varieties, two popular varieties, BR 11 and Swarna were improved through biotechnology.

These two varieties are expected t0 cover new areas in the coastal region.

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Bangladesh Nuclear Agricultural Institute (BINA)

Achievements in rice research against the target areas/problems by BINA

Released varieties

Variety and year of release

Season Maturity (days) Yield t/ha) Remarks

Iratom-24 Boor T. aus

140-145 125-130

6.5 3.5

Up to 40C elevated temperature tolerant

Binashail T.Aman 135-140 4.2 partially photo insensitive, for flood rehabilitation, needs less water and fertilizers

Binadhan-6 Boro 160-165 7.5 Up to 40C elevated temperature tolerant

Binadhan-7 T. aman 110-115 5.5 Can escape drought and tolerant to BPH

Proposed varieties

Line Season Maturity (days) Yield t/ha) Remarks PBRC(STL-20) Boor 125-130 4.0-4.5 Can tolerant up to 10

dS/m salinity PBSAL-655 Boor 130-135 3.8-4.2 Can tolerant up to 10

dS/m salinity RC-43-28-5-3-3- T.aman 120-125 3.2-3.7 Long slender grain with

high aroma

8-1

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4.2 Disease and Insect Pest Management

Disease and insect pests cause about 10-15% loss in rice production. The famous famine

of 1942-43 in Bengal, brown spot disease of rice caused by Helminthosporium oryzae a fungal

disease was one of the causes, it was suspected.

Diseases. There are many diseases of rice. Of these, 31 diseases are observed in different time,

in different regions and in different varieties. Of the diseases, two are virus, 3 bacterial, 21

fungal and 5 are caused by nematodes. Ten of these are major diseases of the rice plant. These

are bacterial blight (BB), blast (bl), sheath blight (ShB), rice tungro virus (RTV), ufra, leaf

scald, bakanae, brown spot, stemrot and sheathrot. None of the rice varieties could be called

resistant (R) against any of these diseases. Some are susceptible(s), some moderately

susceptible (MS) and the rests are moderately resistant (MR).

Considerable yield losses could be minimized through proper cultural management,

Judicial and balanced use of fertilizers, and by appropriate use of chemicals.

Insect pests. Due to intensive rice cropping and favourable environment, prevalence and attack

of insect pests are increasing. As such, control and management of harmful insect pests are

important. By controlling the insect pests in Boro, Aus and T. Aman, farmers can save about

13, 24 and 18 percent of crops respectively.

There are 175 harmful insect pest for rice. Fifteen major insect pest are yellow

stemborer, rice hispa, brown plant hopper, white backed plant hopper, green leaf hopper, rice

bug, swarming catterpilar, ear cutting catterpilar, rice case worm, gallmidge, thrips, leaf roller,

grass hopper, rice mealy bug and rice whore maggot.

For each of these insect pests, chemical and management practices to minimize the yield

losses are identified and provided to the extension personnel and farmers.

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4.3 Crop Adaptation to Climate Change and Coastal Agriculture

Unlike the middle and north-western region, the coastal region is relatively less affected

by drought, cold and flood. Out of the total 2.2 mha of the cropped land, rice area ranges from

79% in Barisal and Noakhali to 85% in Khulna. In spite of higher area under rice, area under

MV rice is 6%, 14% and 20% respectively in Aus, T. Aman and Boro seasons respectively

(Table-5). Reasons of low adoption of MVs are both socio-economic and the environmental.

The most important environmental factors reasonable for low adoption of MVs are salinity and

tidal flood. The socio-economic factors are owner-tenant interest, resource constraints for turn-

around time between T.Aman and boro season. Climate change will add another dimension

and the coastal region will be the first target of the climate change. The impact of climate

change on rice production are briefly described below.

Table 5. Rice Area (ha) in four coastal regions of Bangladesh during 2005.

Regions Gross cropped area

Aus (local)

Aus (HYV)

Aman Aman (HYV)

Boro Region total and (%)

Khulna (3 district)

413772 13362 8689 147263 77278 103718 350311 (85%)

Barisal (6 district)

979862 164812 35165 441272 38696 95734 775079 (79%)

Noakhali (3 district)

445295 83296 21087 139709 39596 66624 350312 (79%)

Chittagong (2 district)

367720 31326 36223 49279 102661 90712 310201 (84%)

Seasons total and (%)

2206644 242796 (16%)

101164 (6%)

777523 (44%)

258231 (14%)

356188 (20%)

1785903 (81%)

Source: BBS (2008) Statistical Pocket Book. Table 6 Rice Area (ha) in three hill districts of Bangladesh during the year 2005.

Districts Gross cropped area

Aus (local)

Aus (HYV)

Aman (local)

Aman (HYV)

Boro District total and (%)

Banderban 88113 15393 4941 3147 6747 4395 34623 Khagrachari 70380 5884 6434 6729 14660 12097 45805 Rangamati 65833 9687 1917 4928 9082 14936 40250 Season total and (%)

224326 30964 (26%)

13192 (11%)

14804 (12%)

30489 (35%)

31228 (26%)

120678 (54%)

Source, BBS (2008)

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Table 7. Salt affected areas under different salinity categories in the coastal district of Bangladesh

Percentage of arable land under diff. salinity District S1

(2-4 mmhos/cm S2

(4-8 mmhos/cm S3

(8-12 mmhos/cmS4

(12 mmhos/cm

Total salt affected area (000 ha)

Khulna 9.6 47.2 9.9 3.8 388(70)

Barisal 3.0 10.2 - - 82(13)

Patuakhali 45.5 14.4 - - 224(60)

Noakhali 3.6 10.9 1.2 - 77(16)

Chittagong 4.4 4.6 3.7 2.8 105(15)

Note: Figures within parenthesis indicate percent area Source: Master Plan Organization

Table 8. Apparent nutrient balance sheet for three rice crops per year over eight years, BRRI, Bangladesh, 1984-91

Yield: 10.5 (t/ha) N P K Ca Mg S Zn

Nutrient added (kg/ha per year) 285 87 134 100 12 48 0.36

Nutrient removed(kg/ha per year) 179 29 179 46 39 19 0.47

Gross balance +107 +58 -15 +54 -37 +29 -0.11

Net balance -79 -12 -112 -26 -36 -9 -0.83

Source: Bhuiyan, NI (1992) Net balance is calculated based on use efficiency of different nutrients such as N-35%, P-20%, K-50%, Mg-20%. Zn-10% from chemical fertilizers.

Global warming and other climate changes due to increasing concentration of green

house gas (GHG) is expected a threat to agriculture. Climate change will have multiple effect

such as rise of sea level (RSL), will cause change of land types from one class to another,

change in the coastal zone, beach erosion, built up of soil salinity, rise of temperature, increase

in concentration of CO2 and moisture stress. Each of these factors will have impact on

agriculture i.e. rice.

It was reported on December 11, 2009 in the Samakal news paper by Dr. Z. Karim that

due to change of climate, already 0.17 mha of land turned into salinity in the coastal area. It

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was also reported by IPCC that mean temperature rise in this century will be higher than the

last century. By the end of century, mean temperature will rise from 1.800c to 4.0c and sea level

rise will be from 0.18m to 0.89m. Rice yield loss study through a model run for 00c, 20c and

40c temperature rise at three levels of CO2 (330, 580 and 660 PPm) were done for Aus, T.

Aman and Boro season under two scenarios, CCCM and GFD over several locations. In

general, increase of CO2 levels increase in temperature to 40c reduced the yields of Aus and

Aman in same cases compared to baseline yields. The change in yield of Aus and Aman varied

between-14% to +25%. However, in case of boro yields, even at 40c temperature rise, and 13%

and 20% yield increase were noted, at 580 PPm. In most cases, doubling of co2 level

compensated the adverse effect of temperature rise (DOE, Global climate Change-Bangladesh

Episode, 1997). But for rise of sea level and salinity, rice scientists have to face the challenge

of developing suitable varieties for submergant and salinity tolerant varieties through the use of

biotechnology.

4.4 Drought Management

Annual rainfall in Bangladesh ranges from 1400 mm in the dry Rajshahi (North West)

region to over 5000 mm in the wet Sylhet (North east) region. About 90% of the rainfall

generally accure during June to September but distribution on during these four months vary

greatly. Another complexity is the occurrence of different soil and land types in the country.

There are variety of soils varying with respect to moisture holding capacity, infiltration and

other moisture related properties. The soils are broadly grouped into flood plain, terrace and

hill soils which are distributed over five major land types. Crop suitability is largely dependent

on the land types, as its relates to the annual normal flooding. High land (F0) and Medium high

lands (F1) are most suitable for transplant modern aman rice cultivation. But due to uncertain

rains and its uneven distribution, drought of different mangnitudes occurs during the T.aman

season. Drought in T.aman season has a great impact on the rice production of the country for

the following seasons.

21

Table 9. Intensity of drought and yield reduction of broad cast aus and T. aman in Bangladesh.

Drought Classes Area (mha)

Aus___ T. Aman

Yield reduction (%) Aus___ T. Aman

Remark

I. Very severe 0.36 0.57

>40 >45

II. Severe 0.86 1.74

30-40 35-45

III. Moderate 3.28 2.17

20-30 20-35

IV. Slight 4.3 2.95

<10 <20

Source: Karim Z, et al. BARC, 1990.

• Early drought delays transplanting of aman rice and shifts the harvest affecting Rabi

Crops, which results fallow area after T.aman.

• Early drought reduce tillering and vegetative growth which reduces the yield.

• Maximum susceptible factor for T.aman is during heading, panicle initiation and dough

stage of ripening.

• Thus, drought in the later growth period of T.aman may cause large yield reduction. The

losses may be greater than 50% in some regions in some years.

During Rabi season, the evapotranspiration exceeds mean monthly rainfall on

November to March. Thus soil moisture supply during this period is not compatible to needs.

In the light textured soil with high infiltration rate, rabi crops are more vulnerable to

moisture stress. Realizing the importance and impact of drought, estimated loss of yield of

different crops, BARC prepared drought classification maps. Drought tolerant T.Aman variety

with about 120 days growth duration need to be developed and BRRI initiated research on

water management technology to deal with drought, salinity and water saving through alternate

drying and wetting (ADW).

4.5 Yield gaps and Yield losses in rice Production Bangladesh experienced intensive rice production in the recent years. The increased production

has been weakened due to several factors. The increased rice production through the adoption

22

of existing management practices has nearly been exhausted. There is a growing realization

that the potential of the existing technologies has not been achieved leading to a substantial

yield gap between the potential and the average farm level yields.

Rice yields in the recent years in all rice production environment has come to a halt despite

adoption of improved package of practices. It is mainly due to yield losses for both biotic and

abiotic stresses. It is therefore, necessary to take steps to reduce such large gap between the

potential and normal yield at farm level. It is evident that abiotic stresses are much more severe

than the biotic ones (Table 11).

Considering the maximum and minimum farm level yield, the gap is estimated at 1.44 tons/ha

or about 40% of the maximum yield (Table 10). There exists a yield difference of 2.7 t/ha

between the maximum yield achieved in irrigated and rainfed situations, respectively. This gap

could be reduced if appropriate MV’s could be developed for rainfed situations. Among the

biotic stresses, the important ones are, stemborer, rich hispa, rice bug, brown plant hoppers,

bacterial blight, blast, sheath blight, tungro virus and ufra. In abiotic stresses both drought and

submergence at different growth stages of rice plant are causing substantial yield losses under

all cultural types. Rice yield losses due to weeds are also at substantial higher level (Table 11).

The priority research area are, therefore, set in order of importance, submergence at anthesis,

drought at anthesis, submergence at vegetation, stemborer, weeds, sulfur deficiency, zinc

deficiency, rice hispa, bacterial blight, blast and organic matter deficiency (Table 11).

Table 10. The farmer;s experience with rice yields by culture types and by season (kg/ha)

The gap between Culture types/season

Normal yield Maximum yield

Minimum yield Maximum

and Normal yield

Maximum and Minimum

yield Rainfed 1968 2468 1426 500 1042 Aus direct seeded

1664 2161 1204 497 957

Aman direct seeded

1836 2323 1409 487 914

Aman transplanted

2252 2758 1609 506 1149

Irrigated 4095 5193 3158 1097 2032 Aus, 3191 4116 2388 925 1728

23

transplanted Aman, transplanted

3806 4797 2899 993 1899

Boro transplanted

4585 5832 3591 1247 2241

Average 2815 5832 3591 740 1439 Source: Farmers household survey., Alam MS et.al. Table 11. Yield gaps and Yield losses from Various stresses, estimates from farmer’s perceptions.

Normalized Yield loss Estimates of Production losses in Bangladesh

Stresses

Kg/ha As% of farm level yield

Percent share of the stresses to

total loss Million tons Million US$

Insect pests 151 5.4 19.5 1.52 304 Diseases 76 2.7 9.8 0.76 152 Weeds 64 2.3 8.2 0.64 128 Drought 138 4.9 17.7 1.38 276 Submergence 205 7.3 26.4 2.06 412 Heat and cold 7 0.2 0.9 0.07 14 Soil related stress 136 4.8 17.5 1.36 2.72 Total 777 27.5 100.0 7.79 1558 Source: Alam MS et al. 4.6 Hill rice and agriculture Bangladesh has 14.83 million hectare (mha) of land, 8.4 mha (56.57%) is under cultivation.

Though, the net cropped area did not change significantly, but the gross cropped area increased

from 13.16 mha in 1980-81 to 14.3 mha in 2000-01 and cropping intensity (CI) increased from

154% to about 180% during the same period. Rice is the dominant crop that covers 76.32% of

the total cropped area. Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) has three research

stations in each of the three hill districts but Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) does

not have as yet any research station in the hill regions.

There was no specific research done an rice for the hill region and not much information

available on problems of rice production. A survey report by BARD, Comilla on Hill

Agriculture, a socio-economic analysis published in 2006. Most of the information provided in

this report is based on that report.

24

Area and location: Three hill districts, Bandarban, Khagrachari and Rangamati has an area of

13,295 km2 which is about one tenth of the country. It is situated between 210.5 and 230.25

north latitude and between 910.45 and 920.5 east longitude. The highest elevation is 3000 ft and

the annual rainfull ranges 2000-3500mm.

Population: There are twelve ethnic groups in the hilly region. The population in the region

increased from 1,25,000 in 1901 to 9,74,000 in 1991 with population growth rate2.4%. Pahari

Population was 51.4% in 1991 against 93% in 1901.

According to the traditional social system, the region is divided into three administrative

cireles, as Chakma, Mong and Bomang. The circle chief, collects land taxes, allocation of

lands for cultivation and control minor offences.

Land and Soil types: The land types consists of 77% high land, 20% undulating and bumpy

land and 3% plain land. The soil is sandy loam to clay loam, usually strong brown colour, PH

ranges from 4.5 to 6.0/.

Crops, Cropping Pattern and Cropping Intensity: The major crops are rice, maize, cassava,

banana, turmeric, ginger, cotton, various fruits, vegetables and timber trees. The cropping

patterns varies according to the slope of the land. Under very genteel slope (15%) the pattern is

Boro-Fallow-T.Aman, winter Vegetable-T.Aus-T.Aman, winter vegetable-Fallow-T.Aman,

Fallow-(Aus+Maize)-T. Aman, under the medium slope (15-30%), Fallow-Jhum crops,

citrus/Guava/ Banana/(Jackfruit +Pineapple), under steep slope (30-35%), the CP is Fallow-

Jhum crop and Froits + pineapple/Pigeon pea/se same under high steep slope (50-70%) the

dominant CP , Jackfruit-Twrarind/Hardwood and lastly very high steep slope (70%) the

dominant CP is hard wood and forest species.

The cropping intensity (CI) is 186% in hill region against 180% in Bangladesh. Land tenures system: From the survey report, the land ownership was 61% own land, 34%

lease, 2.33% mortgage and only 3% share croppers. The landholdings in the survey area is

32% landless, 36% small, 27% medium and 3.34 large farmers.

25

Rice area, Variety and Yield: As per BBS (2008), the total cropped area in the three hill

districts are 0.224 mha and the area under rice is 54%. The district wise area, area under three

Seasons of Aus, T. Aman and Boro and the area under the local and HYV’s are shown in Table

6. Area under HYV in all seasons is low compared to the national average of HYV area of

74% (Table 1).

Sample survey on 120 households of 3 sadar upazilla in three districts showed the list of local

and HYV rices. Among the local, the popular one is Pajam (31%) , Amichuri (18%), and

Rammoni (12%) the popular HYV rices are BR 11 (18%), BR 22 (9%), BR14 (9%), BR28

(15%) and BR 29 (12%).

The yield (t/ha) of rice in the Aus, Boro and T.Aman is 3.38, 3.95 and 4.20 respectively. The

lower yield in Boro season compared to T.Aman may be due problem of irrigation in the

season.

26

CAPTER-5

The National and International Co-operation in Rice Research In this age of globalization, there cannot be any question on the international cooperation on

human resource, development technology development, exchange of germplasms and scientific

information in the areas of rice research and production. We did not exploite the benefit of

national cooperation and coordination in exchange of knowledge and expertize in some areas

of rice research. Regarding international cooperation, IRRI played major role in the

development of BRRI’s human resources, exchange of germplasms and information. In future,

BRRI can seek cooperation with India, China, Korea, Japan and the USA in the areas of human

resource development, biotechnology, hybrid technology, seed technology, genetic resource

conservation. In the areas of rice biotechnology, Bangladesh need qualified human resources in

the following area.

Crop Biotechnology provides opportunities to develop variety with genetic traits that are

difficult to achieve using conventional breeding methods. The farmers are facing unique

challenges due to global climate change, insurgence of new and virulent races and biotypes of

pests and diseases. Biotechnology has a great potential to be explored with international

collaborations in the following areas:

i) Gene Discovery: Identification and isolation of genes conferring tolerance to biotic

(insects: brown plant hopper, stem borer, diseases, bacterial blight, tungro etc.), abiotic

stresses (such as drought, salinity, submergence and cold) and genes controlling

micronutrient condensation. Subsequently development of appropriate construct for

transformation works.

ii) Application of useful DNA markers: Identification and mapping of major QTLs

for high grain yield, tolerance to salinity, drought, submergence as well as major plant

diseases and insects. Transfer of useful QTLs into target background through Marker

Assisted Selection (MAS).

iii) Transgenic technology: Cloning and characterization of agronomically important

traits. Introduction and development of useful transformation vector. Finally

27

development and evaluation of transgenic rice having tolerance to biotic and abiotic

stresses as well as improved nutritional quality.

iv) Molecular Technology: Molecular characterization of rice germplasms to protect

biopiracy and identify potential donors having useful agronomically improtant genes.

Studies on gene expression, regulation and their use in crop improvement.

28

CHAPTER-6

Summary of the Field Problems and their Ranking

The field problems and their ranking done in the greater regions of Barisal, Bogra,

Chittagong and Mymensingh are shown in Appendix-6. A summary of the informations

provided in Appendix-6, are given in Table 12. Some field problems/issues are specific to

one/two regions but two field problems/issues are common or reported from all the four

regions. These are requirements of short duration rice varieties for all seasons and problems

with irrigation water (Table-12).

Table-12 Summary of field problems and their ranking in regions.

Region and Ranking Sl.No. Problems/issues Barisal Bogra Chittagong Mymensingh Remarks

1. Short duration rice var. for Aus, Boro and T. Aman seasons

Medium High High High

2. Submergence tol. Var. (Inland) - High - High 3. Tidal submergence tol.

varieties High - - -

4. Salt tol. varieties High High 5. Development of Varieties for

Jhum cultivation - High -

6. Hybrid rice High - Medium - 7. Development of photo period

sensitive T. Aman varieites - - High

8 Rice mechanization - - - High 9. Drought/cold tol. varieties - - - High 10. Bacterial blight resist varieties High for

Hybrid rice

- - -

11. Sheath blight resist varieties - Medium - - 12. Brown plant hopper resist

varieties - Medium - -

13. Fe and As problem - High - - 14. Land tenures system High - - - 15. Poor Management of sluice

gates High - - -

16. Poor quality seeds - - - Medium 17. Problem of irrigation water High High High High 15. Source: Appendix 6.

29

CHAPTER-7

Responses on the Comments/Suggestions on the draft report by the Experts in a Workshop held at BARC on 8th March 2010

A workshop on the draft report on Priority rice research towards Vision 2030 and beyond was

held at BARC, on 8th March 2010. The group leader on rice appreciates the

comments/suggestion on the draft report by the learned participants in the workshops. The

comments/suggestions by different experts are shown in Appendix-5.

In fact field problems, problems of technology development and adoptions, administrative and

policy support problems are more or less known to the concerned organizations. The group

leader prepared the draft report through three group workshops with the relevant research

organizations on rice. As per request of the groups leader, the relevant research organizations

submitted their 5 year research plan (2010-2015). From the 5 year plan, through discussion,

priority research agenda were identified as shown in Annex-1.

There were 12 group leaders, and the participants on rice workshop did not know the group

leader reports on (i) Soil and fertility management (ii) Agricultural mechanization and water

management (iii) and Agricultural economics, marketing and yield gaps etc. Some of the

comments/suggestions are related to the above three groups. However, some of the

comments/suggestions relevant to the rice group are included in the final report. Specially the

comments of BARC, BINA and on yield gaps are included in the final report. Some of the

suggestions are included in the recommendations for future actions. The research agenda in

Annex-1 is a 5 year perspective plan towards vision 2030 beyond.

30

CHAPTER 8

Conclusion and Recommendations

1. The dedicated, qualified and experienced human resources are the backbone of

scientific research. The creative human resources are to be nurtured in the NARS

system for the ultimate success of any scientific adventure. Due to lack of carrier

planning, rewards and advancement through promotions; the morals and the

professional standards of scientists are at jeopardized conditions. Due to this

situations, many NARS scientists migrated abroad than any other systems of the

country. The promotions opportunities in the NARS system are far below of the

neighboring countries, even the public universities of Bangladesh. The sooner this

deep seated malady is removed the better for the country. Otherwise, the country

will face serious vacuum of qualified and experienced scientists to face the challenge

of vision 2030 and beyond.

2. The research planning, management and implementation may be carried out on a 5

year perspective master plan basis, through seasonal and annual activities. With

proper monitoring, guidance and evaluation and through necessary

changes/modification during implementation period, we may reach the ultimate

goal/objectives of the desired destination of vision 2030 and beyond.

3. There is a general agreement/consensus that yield gaps and losses for rice production

are wide spread. The reasons/factors responsible for these yield gaps are Identified

form farmers perceptions for different seasons and regions. The results need to

refined through experimental studies in different seasons and culture types.

4. We may have to seriously consider to minimize post-harvest losses due to Engle-bar

rice milling process. This milling, perhaps no where exists in the rice producing

countries except Bangladesh. We have to introduce rubber-roll for rice milling by

which we may have rice husk and bran industries for fuel and poultry, respectively.

5. The biotechnology research within and between the crop sector institutes are mush-

rooming. In that context, hybrid technology research is almost absent. We can, with

less efforts and costs, bring more benefits through hybrid technology. We should, as

31

a LDC, put equal emphasis on conventional breeding, hybrid technology and

biotechnology.

6. The genetic resources of any crop are the basic raw materials for varietal

development. So, the collection of remaining (if any) of landraces of rice with

passport data, conservation, characterization, should be done with priority to be

utilized in he breeding programmes and for patenting the land race of Bangladesh.

7. We should have strong regulatory system for the exchange of genetic resources of

any crop within and between the countries. We have to also develop a strong and

viable regulatory system to handle GM Crops.

8. The intra and Inter Institutional co-ordination and cooperation for particular research

to avoid/reduce duplication/overlapping should be strengthened. Though, some

duplication may be desirable to create competition but this should be properly

regulated, guided and evaluated.

9. The hybrid rice research is rather weak and not satisfactory. The hybrid rice research

should be strengthened under the revenue budget of the plant breeding division of

BRRI and not as a separate autonomous entity, as it is done at present..

10. Short duration rice varieties for all seasons, specially T.aman season, about 120

days, with drought tolerance and resistance to bacterial blight, sheath blight, sheath

rot, blast etc. should be given priority.

11. Drought stress is going to be a concern for T. aman/rabi crops due to climate change

etc. It is one of the major causes of yield loss/gaps. So, water management through

supplemental irrigation, water saving technology, efficient water management from

surface water sources by re-excavations of rivers, canals, beels and other water

bodies should be under taken on priority basis.

12. The seed is one of basic and important inputs for higher productivity. The quality

seeds of popular varieties with reasonable prices at proper time should be made

available to the farmers by the public/private/NGO sectors. The certified seed (CS)

of public sector should be certified by SCA and the truthful labelled seed (TLS) of

the private sector should also be properly monitored by SCA as per seed policy and

seed laws. In that context, present seed laws may be modified for the interest of the

farmers (e.g. Indian case).

32

13. It is important to pay greater attention to transfer and adoption of technology, for

promoting higher productivity, profitability and sustainability. It is also important to

identify and address farmers adoption problems (suitability of technology, input and

technology transfer systems, infra structures, institutional support, policy directives

and interventions).

14. It is important to think re-orient extension and technology transfer systems and to

train the extension/development staff to effectively handle the transfer of knowledge

intensive technologies (KIT). A new horizon may be established to further

strengthen research-extension-farmers linkages to deliver information, knowledge,

technology packages, based on participatory and freely communicative approaches.

This calls for judicious collaboration among the NARS, DAE, BADC, SCA, Private

Sector, NGOs and the International Organizations.

15. To further raise the yield ceiling, the hybrid rice, transgenic rices (GM) for

management of biotic and a biotic stresses, simulation modeling and system

approach should be developed. New mechanisms for assessment and transfer of such

technology will also be urgently needed.

16. It is important to develop suitable indicators of intensifications and sustainability to

monitor the performance of intensive rice cropping/farming systems.

17. The govt. Policies on intensive cropping/farming systems should be defined, ensure

system sustainability, food security and reduce rice farming related pollution of the

environment. We may think to discourage parboiling of rice, at least in 50% case.

33

CHAPTER 9

REFERENCES

1. Alam, MS, MH Hussain and BAA Mustafi. 1998. Yidld gaps, yield losses and constraints to increasing rice production in Bangladesh. Presented at the workshops on prioritization of rice research in Asia, held at IRRI, Philippines.

2. BARC, 1994, Stragic plan for national agricultural research system to the year 2010.

3. BARC, 1989, Nov 30. Flood Plain Agriculture, Policy Brief of Multidisciplinary Discussion Forum.

4. Bhuiyan, NI, 1992. Intensive cropping and soil nutrient balance. Proc. of Int. Conf. on “improving soil management in the tropics,” held at BARC, Dec. 1-8.

5. BRRI, 1998. Master Plan of Five-Year Research programmes (1995-2000), Publication no. 124.

6. DAE, 2007. eZ©gvb avb Drcv`b 12-15% e„w×i j‡¶ MwVZ †UKwbK¨vj IqvwK©s MÖ“c KZ©„K cÖYxZ G¨vKkb c−¨vb:2007-2010.

7. DOE, (MOEF), 1997. Impact of climate change on Rice Production, In Global Climate Change-Bangladesh Episode, PP21-24.

8. FAO, 1996. Expert Consultation on Technological Evolution and Impact for Sustainable Rice Production in Asia and the Pacific, RAP Publication 1996/14, FAO Regional Office, Bangkok, Thailand.

9. Karim Z. A M Ibrahim, A. Iqbal A. Ahmed, 1990. Drought in Bangladesh Agriculture and Irrigation Schedules for Major Crops, BARC, Soil Publication no. 34. PP 1-15.

10. Ministry of Food and Dissector Management. The National Food Policy, Plan of Action (2008-2015), FP MU, GOB.

11. Nasiruddin, Md. and Mustaque Ahmed, 1990. Potential and Constraints of Modern rice cultivation in the Coastal belt of Bangladesh, ADABNEWS, Nov-Dec. PP 3-5.

12. Nasiruddin Md. 1994. Rice Production, Ecotype Concept and Research, Strategy for Bangladesh. Proc. of the Workshop on Experiences with Modern rice cultivation in Bangladesh (8-10 June 1993), PP 123-133.

13. Nasiruddin Md. 1999. Priorities of Rice Research in Bangladesh. Increasing Rice Production in Bangladesh, Challenges and Strategies. Ed. Bhuiyan Sl and ANM R. Karim, BRRI-IRRI, PP91-99.

14. Planning Commission, 2005. Unlocking the Potential, National Strategy for Accelerated Poverty Reduction, Strategic Block-II, P-83.

15. Roy, Mihir Kumar and Shishir Kumar Munshi. 2006. Hill Agriculture, A Socio-Economic Analysis, BARD, Comilla.

34

Annex-1

GROUP WORK OUTCOME

1. Research Area/sub-sector : Rice

2. Research Agenda/Thematic Area(s) (Fill 2.1 to 2.5 or more)

2.1 Research Agenda/ Thematic Area-I Problem/Constra

ints/Areas Research Title/Key

Words % of

beneficiary Probability of success

Priority Ranking

Research Tenure

Long Med Short Varietal improvement

1. Development of short duration var for all seasons with emphasis for T. Aman (BRRI-BINA)

Area, 2.0 mha (20%)

80% 1 √

Varietal improvement

2. Strengthening hybrid rice research in Boro and T. Aman seasons (BRRI-BSMRAU)

Target, Boro 30% area and T.Aman 20% area by next 10 years.

Boro 100% T.Aman 75%

1 √

Coastal Agriculture and crop Adaptation to climate change

3. Development of salt Tolerant var for Boro and Aus seasons (BRRI-BINA)

Area, Boro 0.356 mha and Aus 0.3939 mha (80%)

80% 1 √

Coastal Agriculture and crop Adaptation to climate change

4. Development of submergent tolerant var in T.Aman season for tidal wetland and inland area (BRRI-BINA)

Area, tidal wet land 1.0 mha and inland 30% of T.Aman (1.2)mha

80% 1 √

Pest Management and Biotechnology

5. Identification of races and biotypes of major diseases and insect pest of rice and mapping of R-genes of BB, Bl and BPH using molecular markers (BRRI).

Basic research for var. improvement (100%)

80% 1 √

Biotechnology and Plant Pathology

6. Introgression of salt tolerance and gene pyramiding for BB and BL in popular rice varieties (BBRI)

100% Plant Breeder

80% 1 √

Drought Management

7. Water Management to deal with drought, salinity and water saving. Drt. Area 1.39 mha (BRRI)

100% of adopters

80% 1 √

35

Rice Post harvest technology

8. Up scaling of rice milling and Processing (BRRI

100% of rice miller and processors

80% 1 √

Rice Economies marketing and policy

9. Impact of MV rice, marketing and price policy (BRRI)

Basic study 80% 1 √

Rice farming system

10. Identification of rice based cropping in 3 hill districts, its environmental and socio-economic analysis (BRRI)

50% of farmers 80% 1 √

Rice farming system

11. Intensification of rice based cropping in major areas (BRRI)

50% of farmers 70% 2 √

Technology Transfer

12. Role of stake holders analysis in rice technology dissemination (BRRI-DAE)

Basic study 80% 2 √

13. Role of Quality rice seed increasing rice productivity (BRRI-BADC)

Basic study 70% 2 √

36

Annex 2

Brief description of 5 year research plan by BRRI, BINA and BSMRAU

Varietal Development

BRRI Component

Programme (2010-2015)

The varietal development programme and their priorities are outlined below:

Projects Priority

1. Development of rice varieties for the tidal submergence for both saline and non saline condition

1

2. Development of short duration, high and stable yielding rice varieties for the Boro, Aus T. Amana seasons to fit into the diverse cropping patterns

1

3. Development of premium quality rice

2

4. Development of varieties for flash flood submergence and medium stagnant condition

1

5. Development of varieties for salt tolerance in Boro, Aus and T. Aman ecosystem.

1

6. Development of varieties for drought tolerance on upland Aus and T. Aman ecosystem

1

7. Development of varieties for high iron rice and zinc

3

8. Variety maintenance and production of breeder’s seeds

2

9. Use of biotechnology for rice varietal development

2

10. Plant Genetic Resources conservation and management

1

11. Hybrid rice and seed production technology

1

1= Top priority, 2=Moderate priority, 3=Low priority.

37

Annex 2 Contd.

Characteries of Varieties for different ecocultural types.

1. Boro (Irrigated)

Development of high-yielding (7-9 t/ha), varieties having-

• short and long growth durations (135-160 days);

• plant height (85-110 cm);

• resistance to biotic factors (BB, BL, ShB disease and BPH, WBPH, stemborer insect

pests); tolerance to cold both at vegetative and reproductive phases;

• tolerance to salinity at vegetative (10-14 dS/m) and reproductive phase (6-10 d S/m)

• resistance to pre-harvest sprouting;

• acceptable and fine grain quality with or without aroma.

2. Upland Aus (Rainfed)

Development of direct seeded short duration (85-90 days) high yielding (2-3 t/ha) varieties

having.

• faster seedling emergence suppressing weeds.

• plant height between 90 and 110 cm.

• salinity and drought tolerance and lodging resistance.

• resistance to pre-harvest sprouting.

• resistance to BB, blast, RTV diseases and GLH. BPH. insect pests.

• acceptable grain quality.

3. Transplant Aus (Partially irrigated)

Development of short duration (100-115 days) high yielding (4.5 t/ha) varieties having.

• plant height ranging between 90 and 100 cm;

• resistance to lodging and pre-harvest sprouting;

• resistance to BB. blast, RTV diseases and GLH insect pests;

• resistance to high temperature/heat tolerance

• acceptable grain quality

38

Annex 2 Contd.

4. Tidal wetland (Boro-aus saline)

• The varietal characteristics in this eco-type are similar to Boro and aus with tolerance to salinity.

5. Transplant Aman (Rainfed, medium highland)

Development of high yielding (5-7 t/ha) varieties having.

• taller seedling (30-60 cm) and plant height (120-140 cm); for tidal wetlands areas.

• growth duration ranging between 115 and 140 days;

• various levels of photoperiod sensitivity;

• tidal submergence tolerance, flash flood submergence and salinity tolerance;

• resistance to BB, blast, RTV, ShB. LR and BPH. Gallmidge, stemborer, WBPH insect pests; and

• fine grain quality with or without aroma.

6. T. Aman (Tidal wetland)

• The varietal characteristics are samilar ecotype 5 with tolerance to tidal submergence

and weak salinity.

7. Deepwater rice (Rainfed)

Development of varieties yielding 2.0-3.0 t/ha having.

• Internode elongation ability with submergence tolerance.

• plant height ranging 150-200 cm and above;

• kneeing ability and nodal tillering;

• moderate level of photoperiod sensitivity;

• high density bold grained panicles;

• resistance to pre-harvest sprouting, ufra and root knot.

39

Annex 2 Contd.

Hybrid rice component

1. Development of Parental Materials

2. Evaluation of parental lines & Hybrids.

3. Seed production

Biotechnology Component (BRRI)

Project 1. Gene Pyramiding

Introduction & Importance: Gene pyramiding is an exercise of introducing number of genes

conditioning a particular trail into cultivars simultaneously. Thus, genes pyramiding ensure a

variety uniform phenotype but carrying the different of genes against a target trait.

Accordingly, a gene pyramid is the combinations of genes offering resistance to different biotic

and abiotic factors. Pyramiding of several resistance genes in a single varietal background can

achieve durable resistance. This goal can be most easily achieved using DNA markers.

Subsequently, the linked markers can be utilized to select for the rare recombinants that

combine the favorable alleles in tandem.

Gene pyramiding through conventional approach (involving phenotype based selection) is time

consuming and laborious. The recent developments in plant biotechnology including molecular

mapping and marker-assisted selection offer options for pyramiding of resistance genes in the

genetic background of popular cultivars. PCR based marker assisted selection (MAS) helps in

selection of segregating/backcross progenies possessing resistance gene(s) and shortening of

the breeding cycle.

Methodology: First crossing the recurrent parents with the donors containing desire genes to

generate F1 and then screen of hybrids having desire gene through marker aided selection.

After selection, start creation of back cross generations up to BC3 F1 generation. In each

generation, selection of plant containing the resistance genes and possessing more alleles of the

recurrent parent will be done through marker assisted selection. Thus NILs will be developed

as stated above. Finally evaluation of the pyramided lines for their levels of resistance and

yield trial will be conducted.

40

Annex 2 Contd.

Project 2. Gene Introgression

Yield enhancement of modern rice variety by incorporating trait-improving OTL from a wild rice species.

Introduction & Importance: Bangladesh is the fourth largest rice producer in the world and

situated within the regions centre of origin of cultivated rice. Very few of local rice cultivars

are grown. Moreover, some wild rice and related grass species are also endemic in the country.

Many wild relatives of rice (tike Oryza rufipogon) share the same AA genome and are

compatible sexually with cultivated rice. In spite of the wild species are valued as a unique

source of genetic variation, they have been rarely been used for the genetic improvement of

quantitative traits. Because, the overall phonotype of most wild species is agronomically

undesirable. However, recent studies by several groups have shown that despite its inferior

agronomic performance, a wild rice, an accession of Oryza rufipogon, is likely to contain

genetic factors that can increase the yield of modern variety. It was reported that Oryza

rufipogon allele at tow OTL on chromosomes 1 and 2 were associated with 18 and 17%

increase in grain yield per plant, respectively, without delaying maturity or increase plant

height. This discovery suggested that the innovative use of molecular maps and markers can

alter the way to utilize wild and exotic germplasm for rice crop improvement program.

Material and Method:

Population development

The recurrently parent will be a modern rice variety (use as a female) and donor will be wild

rice. First, F1s will be developed. the F1 plants will be grown in the net house and the three

most vigorous F1 hybrid plants will be backcrossed to the female, from which BC1F1 plants

will be selected based on phenotype to eliminate non-desirable characteristics, including very

late or non-flowering type, excessively tall plants, and sterile plants. Then second round of

back crossing will be carried out with modern rice and seeds of BC2F1 will be collected from

which some BC1F1 seeds will be grown in the fields and subsequently best plants will be

selected based on phenotype and harvested individually to generate BC2F2 seeds.

41

Annex 2 Contd.

Field trail &: Trait evaluation:

Phenotypic evaluation will be done on BC2F2 population grown in various environments in

BCBD with three replications. Proper management will be given up to maturity. Ten plants

will be selected at random from each of the BC2F2 families in each experiment and evaluated

for eight agronomic traits, including days to heading, plant height, panicle length, number of

panicle per plant, per cent sterility, grain per plant, 1000 grain weight and yield per plant.

Correlation among the traits will be evaluated using the trait average from the all experiments.

Marker & QTL analysis: SSR markers will be used for marker analysis to identify the QTL

for desire high yielding region in rice chromosome(s).

42

Annex 2 Contd.

Genetic Resources and Seed Component

Project 1. Variety Maintenance and Production of Breeder Seed, Priority 1

Table 1. Projected demand of Breeder Seed (t) of rice during 2010-15

Year Amount of Breeder Seed (t) Multiplication rate (mr)

2010-11 100 80-100 2011-12 120 80-100 2012-13 150 80-100 2013-14 160 80-100 2014-15 180 80-100

The Role of Stakeholders Analysis in Rice Technology Dissemination (BRRI-DAE)

INTRODUCTION

To disseminate modern rice production technologies Bangladesh Rice Research Institute

(BRRI) as well as the Department of Agricultural Extension (DAE) might have mechanism

that works well. But as standing still means moving back ward, they need a search for new

tools mainly to move forward coping with changing times and challenges. This study is a

tentative approach to seek new techniques, to review as usual concepts and to formulate

updated as well as dynamic strategies. All the stakeholders, ie the farmers, policy makers,

scientists and extension providers along with the other partners, of rice research and extension

services are at the focal point of the approach, as they are the real actors behind all the

involvements as sparks. sponsor, shaper, sounding board and specialists. This study aims at

revolving around them, as they are the user and catalyst of rice knowledge and technologies

that may have the potentials to change the existing socio-economic scenario of the country.

OBJECTIVES

The objectives of the study were to:

• Discover out-of- the-box thinking for and against baseline concepts

• Prepare apt messages according to the stakeholders’ needs

• Iuxtapose the existing tools with the fresh ones

• Use field level findings with already validated knowledge

• Put forward alternative ideas and mechanism for rapid dissemination

43

Annex 2 Contd.

ACTIVITIES

Activities of the study could include:

• Surveying the farmers, service takers, policy makers, GO and NGO officials, scientists, extension providers about use and adoption levels of BRRI technologies including HYVs and more

• Organize workshop, seminars and conduct focus group discussions targeting apt

communication strategies

• Develop models and test them in the actual field level operations

• Analyze data primary as well as secondary ones

• Measure, record, represent and analyze all the available data

• Formulate recommendations to implement new visions

OUTCOMES

The study can:

• Find out more effective ways and means of rice technology dissemination

• Build bridges of understanding between partners and stakeholders

• Map out dynamic communication techniques

• Generate primary data

• Accumulate and synthesize secondary data to further study

• Contribute to ensure food security minimizing yield gaps.

44

Annex 2 Contd.

Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA)

Five year Priorities research agenda towards vision 2030

Project A. Mutation Breeding

Period Research programme through mutation breeding

2010-2015 • Development of short durated high yielding varieties (7 tons/ha) • Development of high yielding varieties of broadcast aman rice for the

areas where transplanting of aman rice is not possible due to flood level about Im.

• Development of high yielding export type varieties of fine grain aromatic rice for both aman (5 tons/ha) and boro seasons (7 tons/ha)

• Development of varieties with high nutritional content particularly higher iron containing rice

• Development of low water demanding HYVs and high water use efficient varieties of rice.

Project B. Biotechnology

2011-2015 • Development of salt tolerant, submergence, temperature (both high and low) tolerant aromatic, higher nutritional value (Fe, Zn, Vitamin A etc.) and early rice varieties using marker assisted selection (MAS).

• Development of green super rice varieties through MAS and gene pyramiding

• Multiple stress tolerant/resistant rice varieties MAS, gene pyramiding and genetic engineering

• DNA fingerprinting, molecular duration and gene discovery (special genes/target genes) for rice land races and HYVs.

Project C. Seed production, dissemination system strengthening and human resource development.

Period Quality seed production and technology transfer

2010-2015 • Increase of commanding area up to 5% with BINA rice varieties • Training of rice scientists for familizrization with recent research tools.

Output of the Research:

Under mutation breeding 5-6 nos. of varieties and under biotechnology 7-9 nos. of

varieties are expected to be developed within this period.

45

Annex 2 Contd.

Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding BSMRAU, Gazipur-1706

1. Achievements in hybrid rice research during the last five years (2005-10).

a. Tested 300 local boro rice varieties against CMS sources for identification of B

and R lines.

b. Eight 8 A and 4 R lines developed from local boro rice varieties through

backcrossing between identified B and male sterile lines.

c. Tested 100 local aromatic rice varieties against CMS sources for identification of

B and R lines.

d. Seven A and 3 R lines developed from local aromatic rice varieties through

backcrossing between identified B and male sterile lines.

2. Hybrid rice research priorities for next five years (2011-2015) towards vision 2030

and beyond.

Project-1: Development of hybrid rice and seed production technology for boro season.

Objectives

- To develop suitable A, B and R lines for different hybrid combinations with the following characteristics:

1. Plant height 85-120 cm

2. Growth duration 130-150 days

3. Resistance to BB, B1 and other diseases

4. Resistance to BPH and WBPH

5. Tolerance to cold at vegetative and reproductive phases

6. Medium slender and medium bold grains

7. Amylose content more than 25% with low glycemic index.

8. Yield 7-8 t/ha/

46

Annex 2 Contd.

Project 11: Development of hybrid rice and seed production technology for transplanted aman season

- Objectives: - To develop suitable A, B and R lines for different hybrid combinations with the following characteristics:

1. Plant height 110-140 cm

2. Growth duration 120-140 days

3. Resistance to BB, B1, RTV diseases

4. Resistance to BPH, GLH, and WBPH insect pests

5. Photoperiod insensitive to sensitive

6. Submergence tolerance

7. Medium slender and medium bold grains

8. Amylose content more than 25% with low glycemic index.

9. Yield-6-7 t/ha.

47

Appendix I

Sectoral Study as a way towards determining research priority in connection with the preparation of ‘Vision Document-2030 and beyond’.

Twelve Experts Team have recently been formed by BARC in connection with the above in order to work for a maximum period of 2 Months each. Through discussion of the Team Leader and the Member-Secretary/Rapporteurs, maximum 3 other relevant and contributing members for consultation purpose may be picked up in the Team. The team may sit at their convenience and as per their requirements.

Terms of Reference (TOR) of the Group Leader:

2. Consultation and review of the documents related to agriculture and rural development. These are, but not limited to the following. To accomplish the task the team may need to visit the concerned institutes.

- Planning Commission Reports on five year plan, annual budgetary documents etc.

- National Agriculture Policy

- Poverty Reduction Strategy of the GoB.

- World Bank document on revitalizing agriculture and related others

- Agricultural sector review/Actionable policy briefs of the FAO

- Reports of the DFID, DANIDA and others on the performance of the agriculture

sector in Bangladesh

- National Food Policy

- National land use policy

- National Livestock Policy

- National Fisheries Policy

- National Forestry Policy

- Vision document- 2030 of BARC and Strategic plan of 1996

- Land, Soil and management of natural resources

- Reports on Food Security, quality and Safety

- Reports on MDG

- Master Plan & Annual Reports of ARIs

- Websites on various agencies

(Source: BARC Library, P&E Division, BARC, Concerned Institutes, Websites of the concerned Ministry/Organization)

48

2) Through collection and collation of the information as stated in Sl.-1, work out the countries situation/issues by the sub-sector/area (12 nos.) of agriculture. These are:

1. Rice 2. Cereals other than Rice, Sugarcane and Jute 3. Horticultural crops (Potato, Fruits, Vegetables, Spices including Flowers 4. Pulses and Oilseeds 5. Soil and fertility management 6. Forestry 7. Livestock 8. Fisheries 9. Agricultural mechanization and water management 10. ICT in agriculture 11. Agricultural economics, marketing and supply chain development 12. Technology development, agro-processing post-harvest technology, food quality and human nutrition

3. Sub-sectoral studies are expected to be in-depth and detailed in nature. This to cover all component’s current trend in production, demand-supply and gap, opportunities, problems and constraints, required technological interventions and their analysis in the country’s context. By the process determine the priority need of the concerned sector/area by the year 2-40 and beyond.

4. Population dynamics, reduction in land resource base and degradation, issues

pertaining to climate change & sea level rise (SLR), economics of commodity and non-commodity related activities, income growth rate etc. all these to be taken into account in formulating the research priority.

5. Undertake other related tasks as may be deemed necessary or evolved while

performing this assignment.

6. Draft report of the teams to be presented in the workshops to be organized by the Planning & Evaluation Division of BARC at a suitable dates.

7. Draft final report incorporating the comments/opinion obtained from the

workshop, different agencies/individuals to be submitted within 2(Two) months from the date of assignment to the MD (P&E), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council.

49

Appendix II Project Implementation Unit (PIU-BARC)

NATP: Phase-1 BARC Complex, Farmgate, Dhaka-1215

Workshop on

Research Priority in Agriculture

Group Work Guidelines

Step 1 :After formal briefing, disperse by group of broad research area/sub-sector Of

course, this does not prevent an interested individual of other discipline to join/make change in joining a particular group of choice. Find the research area/sub-sector in the Annex-1 (See Foot note:)In total there will be 12 groups.

Step 2 : The Group Leaders shall present his draft report prepared earlier in the group.

Step 3 : Group Leaders to initiate discussion and invite comments/opinion and ideas on the presentations and subject matter. The group together may first prepare the fatty ‘wish list’ of the research agenda/themes, and then, through discussion and agreement identify those; which are most urgent, important and result-oriented and thus narrow down to the ‘priority list’ of research agenda/thematic areas. Rapporteur/Member-Secretary to list down all the research agenda/thematic areas. Ideally this should not be more than 5.

Tips : To determine the research agenda, identify the problems and analyze each in respect of magnitude, urgency, success probability, volume of beneficiary and anticipated adoption by the users

Step 4 : During group work, the Group Leader and the Rapporteur/Member-Secretary to note deliberations. Group Leader to compile and incorporate those, if agreed to be required in the draft report

Step 5 : Under each priority research agenda/thematic area, list down most pressing priority research topic(s). Exact title not really necessary at this stage but would be useful. May be only the key words in order to assist framing the title by the drafting committee.

Step 6 : Decide and fill the column of Priority Ranking agreed by majority (See Foot note of Annex-1).

Step 7 : Decide and fill the columns of Research Tenure agreed by the group (See Foot note of Annex-1).

Step 8 : Prepare group power point presentation.

Step 9 : Group leader to submit hard & soft copy of the group work to the Member-Director (P&E) , BARC and the Convener of the workshop.

Step10 : Group Leaders to finalize the draft report covering outcome of the workshop activities

50

Appendix 3

List of Group Leaders and Member-Secretaries

Sl. No.

Sector/Sub-Sector

Areas to be covered (but not limited to)

Group Leader Member-Secretary

1. Rice Improvement of Rice varieties, Disease and Pest Management, Crop Adaptation to Climate Change, Biotechnology, Coastal Agriculture, Drought, Management, etc.

Dr. Md. Nasir Uddin Suraiya Dream 31/1, Mirpur Road, Dhaka

Dr. Mian Sayeed Hassan, PSO(Crops), BARC

2. Cereals other than Rice, Sugarcane

Cereal Crops Improvement, Disease and Pest Management Crop Adaptation to Climate Change, Biotechnology, Coastal Agriculture, Drought, Management, etc.

Dr. M. Motiur Rahman C/O. Getco Agro vision Ltd. 26, Biruttam A.W. Chowdhury Road, Shymoli, Dhaka-1207

Dr. Md. Rafiqul Islam Mondal CSO (Crops), BARC.

3. Horticultural Crops (Fruits, Vegetables, Spices & Flowers including Potato)

Crops Improvement, Disease and Pest Management Crop Adaptation to Climate Change, Biotechnology, Coastal Agriculture, Propagation Technique, Hill Agriculture, etc.

Prof. Dr. Md. Abdus Siddque Dept. of Horticulture, BAU, Mymensingh

Dr. Abul Kalam Azad CSO(Crops) (a.c), BARC

4. Pulses and Oilseeds

Crops Improvement, Disease and Pest Management Crop Adaptation to Climate Change, Biotechnology, Coastal Agriculture, Drought, Management, etc.

Prof. Dr. Md. Lutfor Rahman Dept. of Soil Science, BAU, Mymensingh

Dr. Md. Aziz Zilani Chowdhury, PSO (Crops), BARC

5. Soil and Fertility Management

Soil Quality, Nutrient Status, Soil Health, Land Management & Degradation, Fertilizer Use Efficiency, Coastal Soil Management, etc.

Prof. Dr. Md. Jahir Uddin Dept. of Soil Science, BAU, Mymensingh

Dr. M. A. Satter CSO (Soils) (a.c), BARC

6. Forestry Nursery Management, Disease and Pest Management, Agro-forestry, Climate Change, Afforestation in hilly and Coastal regions, Medicinal Plants, etc.

Mr. Fariduddin Ahmed Executive Director Arannyak Foundation Road-1, Block-F, House-120, Banani, Dhaka-1213

Dr. Mohammad Shahjahan CSO (Forestry) (a.c) BARC

51

7. Livestock Epidemiology & Surveillance

of diseases, Developments of Vaccines, Zoonatic diseases, Breed development and testing, Conservation of endangered species, Feed, Nutrition & Marine Fishery, Aquatic Pollution, Conservation of endangered species, etc.

Prof. Dr. M. M. Tarek 163, Purba Rajabazar Tejgaon, Dhaka

Dr. Shah Md. Ziqrul Haq Chowdhury CSO (LIvestock) (a.c), BARC

8. Fisheries Integrated farming, Intensification of fish culture & management technologies, Quality feed development, Fresh water & Marine Fishery, Aquatic Pollution, Conservation of endangered species, etc.

Dr. Khabir Ahmed Former Executive Chairman, BARC

Dr. Md. Kabir Ikramul Haque, CSO (LIvestock) (a.c), BARC

9. Agricultural Mechanization & Water Management

Design & Development of low-cost farm machineries, Post-harvest Equipment, Water Management/Efficiency, Water quality, etc.

Prof. Dr. A T M Ziauddin Dept. of FPM BAU, Mymensingh

Dr. Sultan Ahmed CSO (Agril. Engg) (a.c), BARC

10. ICT in Agriculture

Agricultural Databases & Knowledge Management, Use of GIS & Remote Sensing, Use of ICT in Vulnerable Environmental Monitoring etc.

Dr. SK. Ghulam Hussain Member-Director, BARC

Mr. Md. Abeed Hossain Chowdhury Director (Computer), BARC

11. Agricultural Economics, Marketing and Supply Chain Development

Yield gap minimization, Profitability, Return over investment, Economics of Irrigation and Water Management, Impact Assessment of different technologies and projects, Public Intervention, Agricultural Price Policy & farm support, Land use and Land resource management etc.

Dr. Md. Abul Quasem 2/1A, Road No. 11 South Bishil, Mirpur-1 Dhaka-1216

Dr. Fauzia Yasmin PSO(AERS) (a.c.), BARC

12. Technology Development, Agro-processing, Post harvest Technology, Food quality and Human nutrition

Agribusiness & Agro-processing, Post harvest Handling, Food Adulteration, etc.

Mr. Md. Abul Quddus 7/!, Hena’s Apartment 55, Laboratory Road (East), New Elephant Road Area, Dhaka-1205

Dr. M. Moslem Uddin Mia Director (Nutrition), BARC

52

Appendix 4

List of Participants Group Members Meeting, Date: 15.12.2009

Sl. No. Name Designation & Address Signature

1. Dr. Md. Nasiruddin Group Leader

2. Dr. Mian Sayeed Hassan PSO (Crops), BARC, Farmgate, Dhaka

3. Dr. M. A. Taher Mia CSO & Head, Plant Pathology Division, BRRI, Gazipur.

4. Dr. M. Shaha Alam CSO & Head, Ag. Econo. Div., BRRI, Gazipur.

5. Dr. A. W. Julfiquar Director (Admin), BRRI, Gazipur

6. Dr. A.K.G. Md. Enamul Haque CSO & Head, Plant Breeding Division, BRRI, Gazipur.

7. Md. Akhter Hossain Khan CSO & Head, RFSD, BRRI, Gazipur

8. Dr. M. M. Salam Director (Research), BINA, Mymensingh

9. Dr. M. A. Rashid PSO, Irrigation Water Management Division, BRRI, Gazipur.

53

Appendix 4

List of Participants Group Members Meeting, Date: 24.12.2009

Sl. No. Name Designation & Address Signature

1. Dr. Md. Nasiruddin Group Leader

2. Dr. Mian Sayeed Hassan PSO (Crops), BARC, Farmgate, Dhaka

3. Dr. M. A Khaleque Mian Prof: Dept. of Genetics and Plant Breeding, BSMRAU, Salna.

4. Dr. A.K.G. Md. Enamul Haque CSO & Head, Plant Breeding Division, BRRI, Gazipur.

5. Dr. M. A. Rashid PSO, Irrigation Water Management Division, BRRI, Gazipur.

6. Dr. Md. Syedul Islam CSO, FMPHT Division, BRRI, Gazipur

7. Dr. Md. Humayun Kabir PSO, ARD Division, BRRI, Gazipur

8. Dr. K.P. Halder PSO, Farm Management Division, BRRI, Gazipur.

9. Dr. Md. Rafiqul Islam PSO, Agril Econo. Division, BRRI, Gazipur

10. Dr. M. A. Taher Mia CSO & Head, Plant Pathology Division, BRRI, Gazipur.

11. Md. Akhter Hossain Khan CSO & Head, RFSD, BRRI, Gazipur

54

Appendix 5

MZ 8B gvP©, 2010 Zvwi‡L AbywôZ Research Vision Document 2030 and beyond Gi Rice Group Gi Dc¯’vcbvi ci Db¥y³ Av‡jvPbvi D‡j−L‡hvM¨ Ask we‡kl:

Av‡jvPbvq AskMÖnYKvix we‡klÁ weÁvbx/Kg©KZ©v‡`i Av‡jvPbvi/w`Kwb‡ ©kbvi Pz¤^K Ask wbæiƒc:

1| W. †gv: mvBdz¾vgvb, cÖv³b cÖavb ˆeÁvwbK Kg©KZ©v, Mg M‡elYv †K› ª, evwi, MvRxcyi| • Short duration RvZ D™¢veb n‡j djb K‡g hv‡e| • Water Management welqwU ¸i“Z¡ cvqwb| • Biotechnology wel‡qi fwel¨r M‡elYvi w`Kwb‡ ©kbv _vK‡Z n‡e|

2| Aa¨vcK, W. †gv: Lv‡jK wgqv, Dw™¢ cÖRbb wefvM, e‡kgyiK…we, mvjbv, MvRxcyi| • Genetic Resources †_‡K Gene minining K‡i Character accumulation Ki‡Z n‡e| • Gene Promiding welq ¸i“‡Z¡i mwnZ we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e|

3| W. Aveyj Kvjvg Avhv`, gyL¨ ˆeÁvwbK Kg©KZ©v (km¨), weGAviwm| • Genetic Conservation high light nq bvB • ‡h mKj we‡klÁMY Report-wU cyb©v½fv‡e Review K‡i‡Qb Zv‡`i Comment Ri“ix|

4| Aa¨vcK W. knx yi iwk` f~uBqv, Dw™¢ cÖRbb wefvM, mvwW©| • Deep Water Avgb av‡b AviI g‡bv‡hvM cÖ‡qvRb| • BRRI Dhan 28 Ges 29 Gi Gene Incorporation Gi Rb¨ Primiding cÖ‡qvRb| • T. aman GjvKv evov‡bvi Rb¨ Effort w`‡Z n‡e| • Short duration variety `iKvi • Hybrid RvZ D™¢ve‡bi †¶‡Î evB‡ii †`‡ki mv‡_ Compete Kiv m¤¢e n‡e wKbv? • AviI †hvM¨ Breeder `iKvi| • Transgenic rice wel‡q programme _vKv cÖ‡qvRb| • Climate Change wel‡q w`K wb‡ ©kbv _vKv cÖ‡qvRb|

5| W. Gm Gg g‡bvqvi †nv‡mb, wbe©vnx cwiPvjK, ni‡U· dvD‡Ûkb| • Crop intensify K‡i yield evov‡j AwaK cwigvb Nutrient cÖ‡qvRb n‡e| ZvB GB wel‡q cÖvmw½K

Kvh©µg _vKv cÖ‡qvRb| • Milling Loss GKUv eo mgm¨v ZvB GB Loss Kgv‡bvi wel‡q ¸i“Z¡ w`‡Z n‡e| • fwel¨‡Z Rice Export Ki‡Z n‡j Quality wel‡q Kvh©µg _vK‡Z n‡e • Cropping system research wb‡q KvR Ki‡Z n‡e| we‡kl K‡i soil health

6| Aa¨vcK Avãyj nvwg`, cwiKPvjK M‡elYv, K…wl M‡elYv dvD‡Ûkb, weGAviwm K¨v¤úvm| • Variety D™¢ve‡bi w`‡K †ewk gvÎvq Concern j¶¨ Kiv hvq| • Management wel‡q Av‡iv g‡bv‡hvM w`‡Z n‡e| • Yield gap D‡j−L _vK‡j research agenda bvB| • Ab¨ †`‡ki DbœZ cÖhyw³ wel‡q Avgv‡`i †`‡k M‡elYv cÖ‡qvRb| • mKj Institution ¸‡jv‡K mgš^q Ki‡Z n‡e we‡kl K‡i BAU Gi Social Ges Economic

Division Gi Expertise Kv‡R jvMv‡Z n‡e| • Szg Pvl‡K ivZvivwZ eÜ Kiv hv‡e bv ZvB Stick rice RvZ †ei Ki‡Z n‡e| • Climate Change wel‡q ïaygvÎ Sea level Rise bv †f‡e Flood, Drough BZ¨vw` welq‡K ¸i“Z¡

w`‡Z n‡e| • Yield Gap Identify K‡i M‡elYvi AMÖvwaKvi wVK Ki‡Z n‡e|

55

7| W. †kL ¸jvg û‡mBb, m`m¨-cwiPvjK (wcGÛB), weGAviwm| • ICT in Agriculture Gi Aax‡bi D‡j−wLZ welqmg~n †gv‡UI m½Zc~Y© bq| GLv‡b †Kvb Research

Agenda bvB| 8| W. ‡gv: Avãym mvjvg,cwiPvjK (M‡elYv), webv|

• Research Achievement in BINA high light nq bvB| GUv ms‡hvRb cÖ‡qvRb Ges webvi Achievement mieivn KiwQ|

9| W. ‡gv: †`‡jvqvi †nv‡mb, gyL¨ ˆeÁvwbK Kg©KZ©v, c¨v_jRx wefvM, evwi| • Short duration RvZ we‡kl K‡i T. aman †ekx `iKvi • Late planting potential Boro RvZ †ei Ki‡Z n‡e|

10| W. Lvqi“j evmvi, gyL¨ ˆeÁvwbK Kg©KZ©v, wRAviGm wefvM, eªx| • High input Ges High output RvZ †ei Ki‡Z n‡e| • Rice knowledge bank (ICT)-‡K Develop Ki‡Z n‡e|

11| Rbve AvLZvi †nv‡mb Lvb, cÖv³b gyL¨ ˆeÁvwbK Kg©KZ©v, AviGdGm wefvM, eªx| • wbR¯ Safty Gi Rb¨ wbR ^ M‡elYv _vK‡Z n‡e we‡kl K‡i Hybrid Development Gi †¶‡Î| • System Research -†K Importance w`‡Z n‡e|

12| W. G Gb Gg IwjDj −vn, Dc-cwiPvjK, wWGB, XvKv| • Crop Zoning welq‡K Highlight Ki‡Z n‡e| • Water Saving/Urea Saving Technology welq‡K ¸i“Z¡ w`‡Z n‡e|

13| W. ‡gv: Lv‡jKz¾vgvb AvK›` †PŠayix, m`m¨-cwiPvjK (km¨), weGAviwm| • Low Input high output RvZ ‡ei Ki‡Z n‡e| • Water Saving (AWD) welq‡K ¸i“Z¡ w`‡Z n‡e|

14| W. Iqv‡qm Kexi, wbe©vnx †Pqvig¨vb, weGAviwm, XvKv| • Situation Analysis mwVKfv‡e Ki‡Z n‡e| • c×wZ¸‡jv D‡j−L _vK‡Z n‡e| • wK ai‡bi mv‡cvU© cÖ‡qvRb n‡e Zvi D‡j−L _vK‡Z n‡e| • SWOT analysis Ki‡Z n‡e| • Input supply system Ggbfv‡e Ki‡Z n‡e †h, Avev‡`i eZ©gvb system -†K support K‡i| • Regional/International Collaboration Gi †¶Î¸‡jv identify Ki‡Z n‡e Ges specific ‡¶Î¸‡jv

D‡j−L _vK‡Z n‡e|

56

Appendix 5 Contd.

Dr. Md. Nasiruddin , Ex- Director(Resaerch), BRRI and Group Leader (Rice)

1. The sectoral study to provide vision for the year ‘2030 and beyond’ .This to be based

on the problem, opportunities, with a clear reflection of the country’s situation, demand

supply side etc. and then to please come up with the areas of research along with the

priority. This to be supported by the priority matrix provided earlier( Ref. ToR on this

particular issue plus others).

2. Regional workshop recommendations to be taken into account.

3. What about International Collaboration? In particular with the CGIAR institutions.

4. Suggested /circulated Report content to be followed.

5. In all cases wherever available BBS data to be used. For others, source to be quoted

Comments from the learned participants:

1. Water scarcely issue to be dealt further. What about aerobic rice?

2. Genetic resource conservation & management should get importance

3. Stress on DW Rice development : as with predicted climate change there will be more inundation.

4. Plant Breeder can’t be a beneficiary.

5. Not much scope for hybrid Rice development perhaps. As lot of varieties of Hybrid are coming from outside.

6. Loss at the post- harvest stage: how best we can handle it ?

7. Rice based pattern to accommodate other crops e.g leguminous one -for productivity as well as to maintain soil health.

8. Yield gap issue to be in the text (not only in recommendation part , with research reference and by region (Mr. Akhter has got report on the subject).

9. Regional workshop recommendations to be taken into account. Here ‘Jhum’- Rice cultivation and its improvement as stressed in the Chittagong-CHT workshop may be pointed as an example.

10. Management issues in Rice cultivation to be given priority.

11. Role of ICT as stated in the recommendations to be more focused.

12. BINA’s work ( as referred by Dr. Salam, of BINA) to be incorporated in the report.

13. Stress on high input- high output plus low input- high output variety development.

14. More stress on the development of short duration T.Aman & Boro.

15. Research program/ issues may be furnished as a list- not by institutions. What about BAU, BINA’s work ?.

57

Appendix 6

Workshop on Problem Identification and Priority Setting Group No.2 Coastal Agriculture (Non-Saline)

1. Development of bold grain short duration boro rice

variety for Barisal region 2. Development of short duration tall HYV T.aman for

southern region

1. Development of more Aus varieties resistant

to tidal submergence (south) 2. Development of salt tolerant variety of rice 3. Hybrid rice seed development

1. BPH problem for rice 2. Deep water rice 3. Development of BLB tolerant hybrid rice 4. Short duration and late planting rabi crops should be

developed

• BPH problem for rice • Deep water rice variety development • BLB problem in rice • Short duration and late planting rabi crop

varieties (Pulses, oilseeds, Tomato & wheat) should be developed

• Development of suitable technologies/cropping pattern for fallow land during rabi and kharif-1

• Development of determinate type of mungbean

variety • Virus resistant varieties (mungbean, papaya, ladies

finger and country bean) • suitable variety of kheshari for relay cropping • quality seeds and retting problems of jute • Short duration oilseeds, cotton, sunflower and

soybean Water logging problem due to Kopatakho river

• Establishment of Cold storage at southern region

• Foot rot of lentil and chickpea • Trips and pod borer for mungbean • Wilt of water melon • Draw down of gound water • Declining organic mater • Antheracnose of litchi and mango and

hopper problem in mango • Root and fruit rot of brinjal • Preservation of fruit, vegetable and flower

• Research should be undertaken on dieback of betel

nut and anthracnose of guava • Development of short duration and water

submergence tolerant variety of sesame • Short duration of jute variety • Low yield of coconut due to mites (?) • Research should be undertaken on vegetables and

fruit in the Gher • Un-control expansion of tobaco

• Irrigation facilities through ground water and surface water should be developed

• Agricultural mechanization should be developed

• Processing and marketing facilities of guava, vegetable, hog plum, and potato should be developed

• Crop zoning

• Research and Dev should be strengthening of

Sugarcane, Date and palmyre palm (tal) in this region • Lack of marketing facilities of maize

58

Appendix 6 Contd. Workshop on Problem Identification and Priority Setting Group No.2 Coastal

Agriculture (Saline)

PROBLEM ANALYSIS Sl No. Type of Problem Magnitude (%

of Total Area) Seventy of the Problem

Priority Ranking

1. Soil and Water Salinity in Dry Season (November-April eg. lack of reservoir for sweet water/rain water conservation

50 1 High

2. Heavy Consistency and Slity Clay Soil (Crackdown of upper soil)

2

3. Scarcity of Sweat Water in Dry Season for Irrigation

1

PROBLEM ANALYSIS (Contd.) Sl No.

Type of Problem Magnitude (% of Total Area)

Seventy of the Problem

Priority Ranking

4. Unplanned Shrimp Culture

2

5. Less Natural High Land for Vegetable and Fruit Cultivation

2

6. Unavailability of Salt, Drought and Heat Tolerant Variety of Existing Crops, Vegetable

1

PROBLEM ANALYSIS (Contd.) Sl No.

Type of Problem Magnitude (% of Total Area)

Seventy of the Problem

Priority Ranking

7. Cold Injury to Boro seedling growth and lesser Rabi crop Production

3

8. Short Winter retards production of Rabi crops like lentil.

2

9. Water Stagnant for T.Aman in Shatkhira, Khulna, Bagerhat

1

PROBLEM ANALYSIS (Contd.) Sl No.

Type of Problem Magnitude (% of Total Area)

Seventy of the Problem

Priority Ranking

10. Salinity affect on Vegetables, Fruits and Forests.

11. Degradation of soil chemical, Physical (Crack Soil) and biological properties

12. Lack of fodder crops

PROBLEM ANALYSIS (Contd.) Sl No.

Type of Problem Magnitude (% of Total Area)

Seventy of the Problem

Priority Ranking

13. Damage of T.Aman seedling by tidal water

14. Lack of submergence tolerant and having characteristics of Taller seedling of T.Aman Variety

15. Increase of extant and seventy of salinity area due to Damaged embankment

PROBLEM ANALYSIS (Contd.) Sl No.

Type of Problem Magnitude (% of Total Area)

Seventy of the Problem

Priority Ranking

16. Unavailable storage and marketing facility for perishable crops

17 Insufficient number of research stations for coastal saline area

18 Lack of appropriate production package for existing crops

Policy Issues: • Land Tenure System

• Poor management of Sluice gates

• Poor linkage among Research-Extension-Education system

• Development of forecasting facility for seasonal soil and water

salinity

59

Appendix 6

WORKSHOP ON AGRICULTURAL PRIORITY SETTING held at Bogra on 29 December 2009

Problem Specification Location where the

Problem exists Magnitude of the problem

Extent of severity (1-10 scale, 10 being highest)

Ranking

Depletion of organic matter Rangpur Rangpur 8 H Wheat varieties suitable for late planting

Do Do 9 H

Short duration T. Aman rice variety to replace Swarna

Do Do 9 H

Development of improved mungbean varieties suitable for cultivation after wheat

Do Do 8 H

Research on Sheath blight of rice Do Do 7 M Research on BPH problem and control measure

Do Do 7 M

Research on Mite of chili Do Do 7 M Shade tolerant rice variety Do Do 6 M Research on wilting of bronjal/ Do Do 6 M Development of short duration lentil Do Do 8 H Soil degradation due to herbicide use Do Do 5 L Research on Bio-herbicide for rice Do Do 6 M Research on force maturing of banana, tomato, mango and papaya using chemicals

Do Do 7 M

Pesticides residues in food chain Do Do 9 H Toxicity duration of pesticides Do Do 8 H Development of high yieldin summer shim

Do Do 7 M

Virus in summer tomato Do Do 7 M Low yield in lentil Do Do 7 M Short High Yielding cotton variety Do Do 7 M Hybrid cotton Do Do 8 M Intercropping with cotton Do Do 7 M Cotton by-products to be used mushroom media

Do Do 7 M

Drawdown of water table Dinajpur Dinajpur 7 M Micronutrient deficiency – brinjal, cole crops, potato

Do Do 7 M

Development of drought tolerant crop varieties for Barind

Do Do

Alternate bearing of mango decreases productivity

Do Do 7 M

Flower and fruit dropping of mango Do Do 9 H Fruit borer, stem borer, powdery Do Do 8 H

60

mildew of jujube (BAU kul & Apel kul) Less or no bearing of fruits in cucurbits

Do Do 7 M

Coconut fruit cracking (mites or drought)

Do Do 7 M

Bottle gourd (black spot) Do Do 8 H Inappropriate cropping patterns leads to soil mining, reduced Cropping intensity

Do Do 7 M

Fe & As problem in irrigation water Gaibandha Gaibandha 9 H Fungal and bacterial problem in potato Do Do 8 H Cracking of cabbage Do Do 8 H Heat tolerant variety of wheat Do Do 9 H Rapid (digital) soil testing kit Do Do 7 M Reduction of water bodies leading to loss of surface water for irrigation

Pabna & Sirajganj Pabna & Sirajganj

8 H

Loss of prime cropped land due to urbanization and industrialization

Do Do 8 H

River erosion and siltation of cropped land

Do Do 8 H

Water logging due to inappropriate infrastructure dev

Do Do 8 H

Improved crops and varieties for charland

Do Do 8 H

BPH in Boro and T Aman rice Do Do 7 M Insect pest (cut worm) of mustard Do Do 7 M Inclusion of legumes in Cropping System

Do Do 7 M

Development the technology of quality jute seed production

Do Do 8 H

Lowering Water table Rajshahi & C.Nawabganj

Rajshahi & C.Nawabganj

8 H

Water scarcity for irrigation Do Do 8 M Transformation of Riceland to other crops

Do Do 7 M

Dieback and gummosis in mango Do Do 9 H Foot rot and stem rot in betel vine Do Do 8 H Development of no-tillage technology Do Do 7 M Research on the causes of wheat yield reduction

8 H

Research on yield decline in Apel kul Do Do 7 M Development of harvester for rice Do Do 8 H Causes of lowering Water table Do Do 7 M Mango insecticides affect sericulture Do Do 6 M Marketing of sericulture product Do Do 7 M Resistance of potato pests to insecticide

Bogra & Naogaon Bogra & Naogaon

7 M

61

Research on Chili diseases Do Do 7 M Off-season vegetables – inputs easy availability

Do Do 7 M

Onion- thrips to be controlled Do Do 9 H Improved var –onion Do Do 9 H Submergence tolerant/DW rice (modern varieties)

Do Do 9 H

Sort duration modern T Aman rice variety to be developed

Do Do 9 H

Standardization of growth hormone for different crops

Do Do 8 M

Shim- marketing problem Do Do 7 M Development gynoceous vegetables for female flower induction

Do Do 8 M

Variable phenotypes in same hybrid. Test of hybridity is required

Do Do 8 H

Improving onion varieties (including Tahirpuri)

Do Do 9 H

Development of hybrid Cauliflower variety

Do Do 8 H

Photo-insensitive varieties of cucurbits Do Do 8 H Short duration varieties of sponge gourd

Do Do 7 M

Transferring salinity drought resistance genes to cucurbits

Do Do 8 M

Note: H=High, M=Medium and L=Low

Appendix 6

Chittagong-Crops (Hill Agriculture)

Sl No.

Problem Specification Location where the Problem

exists

Magnitude of the problem (example, area affected, ha)

Extent of severity (1-10 scale, 10 being

highest)

Ranking

Jhum cultivation CHT CHT (i) Improvement of indigenous rice variety

Do Do 8 1

(ii) Lack of Improved management practices for Jhum cultivation

Do Do

H

2. Scarcity of irrigation water during dry season

Do Do 8 H

Soil fertility Problems: Do Do 8 (i) Control of soil erosion Do Do

3.

(ii) Soil management for improving soil organic management

Do Do

(iii) Alleviating soil acidity Do Do

H

4. Lack of Proper Marketing Do Do 7

62

Sl No.

Problem Specification Location where the Problem

exists

Magnitude of the problem (example, area affected, ha)

Extent of severity (1-10 scale, 10 being

highest)

Ranking

Facility: i) Establishment of processing industry

Do Do 7

ii) Development of storage facilities

Do Do 7

iii) Improvement of transport facilities

Do Do 7

M

5. Development of quality seeds and saplings of fruits and vegetables

Do Do 7 M

6. Extinction of Plant Species: i) Local fruits and

vegetables. ii) Moisture conserving Crops

e.g. Tara/ Katal denghi

Do Do 7 M

7 Indiscriminate use of chemicals (pesticides, hormones, and vitamins).

Do Do 7 M

8 Planting techniques – close planting, deep planting etc

Do Do 7 M

9 Disease management – rhizome rot of ginger and turmeric

Do Do 7 M

10 Cotton: Do Do 8 Introduction of American cotton for higher yield

Do Do

Establishing ginning factory Do Do

M

63

Appendix 6 Contd.

Commodity: Crops (Costal Agriculture), Chittagong Region

Problem Specification Location where the Problem

exists

Magnitude of the problem (example, area affected, ha)

Extent of severity (1-10 scale, 10 being highest)

Ranking H, M or L

Changes of cropping Pattern in saline area.

Saline areas of the region

Saline areas of the region

9 H

Suitable Rice Variety development for saline areas

Do Do 9 H

Drought resistant Variety Introduction of Felon.

Do Do 8 H

Introduction of Pest resistant Variety of Bean at Sitakunda.

Do Do 8 H

Revive of water melon of Patenga by tissue culture.

Do Do 8 H

Development of disease resistant variety specially soft rot of Zinger.

Do Do 8 H

Tissue Culture of year round var. of Jackfruit

Do Do 7 M

Removal of Seasonal Water logging in low lying area (adaptive research).

Do Do 7 M

Introduction of mite resistant Variety in Taro.

Do Do 7 M

Stem rot problem of groundnut, felon, pea and other leguminous crops.

Do Do 8 H

Development of wheat variety in saline area.

Do Do 9 H

Zinger, Turmeric Variety for rot disease.

Do Do 9 H

Elephant problem in plain land. Do Do 8 M Development of short duration variety for Aus and Aman in Noakhali & Feni

Do Do 8 M

Blast Problem of BR29 in water Logging area.

Do Do 8 M

Pod Borer Problem for soybean & Lady’s finger.

Do Do 9 H

Replacement of rein tree in Homestead.

Do Do 6 M

Cultivation of Sunflower as ail crop area.

Do Do 7 M

Development of salt tolerant variety of Onion.

Do Do 8 H

To test the Salinity status of released hybrid variety.

Do Do 7 M

Development of salinity testing Kit. Do Do 7 M

64

Appendix 6 Contd

Commodity: Crops (Plain Land agriculture)

Problem Specification Location where the Problem

exists

Magnitude of the problem (example, area affected, ha)

Extent of severity (1-10 scale, 10 being highest)

Ranking H, M or L

Short durated HYV Rice Cittagong and Sylhet division

Cittagong and Sylhet division

9

H

Hybrid rice with inbreed char. Do Do 8 M Heat tolerant with short donatives wheat variety.

Do Do 9 H

Virus and wilt tolerant Tomato Brinjal

Do Do 9 H

Research on Maize Corn Borer Do Do 7 M Development of high yielding Zinger and Turmeric variety

Do Do 7 M

Research on higher Yield of Betel leaf

Do Do 7 M

Development of Production

technology of Hogla and Cane Do Do 7 M

Development of short duration HYV Mustard

Do Do 8 H

Development of USG applicator and other machineries

Do Do 8 H

Proper dose of quick compost and USG

Do Do 7 M

Development of technology of oil Palm & Grapes

Do Do 6 M

Scarcity of Surface water Do Do 7 H Note: H=High, M=Medium and L=Low POLICY: 1. Activate –ATC Through BARC 2. To Project Agri-Land 3. Soil Health 4. Right Plant right place.

Appendix 6

Workshop on Problems Identification and Priority Setting Group-1 : Plain Land Agriculture (Mymensingh region)

Type of Problem

Magnitude (% of the total area/coverage)

Severity of the problem ( 1-3)

Expected beneficiary on solving the problem (%)

Priority Ranking (High/Med./Low)

Depletion of soil fertility & om, emergence of new nutrient deficiency e.g. Mg, B

100 1 95 H

Inadequate production of quality seed 80 2 75 M Lack of cold, heat, insects, diseases, water-logging and drought tolerant varieties of major crops

90 1 85 H

Lack of nutritionally improved varieties of food crops

60 3 50 L

Lack of use of improved biofertilizer and biopasticides

70 2 65 M

Rice based crop diversification 70 2 65 M Composting of city, domestic & industrial wastes

75 2 60 M

Post-harvest loss of vegetables & fruits, their storage & marketing

80 2 75 M

Mechanization in different practices of crop production

85 2 75 M

Lack of efficient charland management

90 1 85 H

Insect and disease infestation of major crops

80 2 75 M

Heavy metal pollution of soil and water from pharmaceutical industries, tanneries, adulterated fertilizers

85 2 80 M

POLICIES Unplanned land utilization 100 1 100 H Inefficient market channel 85 2 80 M Introduction of contract farming system for vegetables & high value crops

70 3 65 L

Over use of irrigation water on Boro rice cultivation

80 2 75 M

Formulation of field and seed standard for major crops

80 2 75 M

Lack of use of balanced fertilizer 85 2 80 M Lack of technology/pattern for ekti bari ekti khamar

100 1 95 H

65

66

Appendix 6 Contd.

Group No. 2 : Forests, Hill and terrace land Agriculture

Type of problem Magnitude (% of the total

area/coverage)

Severity of the problem

(1-3)

Expected beneficiary

(%)

Priority Ranking

(High/Medium/Low)

1. Water scarcity due to irrigation in piedmont plain

100 1 90 High

2. Soil Erosion 50 1 50 High 2. Siltation due to occurrence of flash flood

20 2 70 Medium

5. Droughtiness in the dry season

50-60 1 90 High

6. Deforestation 50 1 50 High 7. Deterioration of soil health 95 1 90 High 8. Problem of marketing facilities

55 2 60 Medium

9. Lack of storage facilities 65 1 80 High 10.Encroachment in the reserved forest

50 2 60 Medium

12. Indiscriminate use of pesticides

100 2 60 High

13. Lack of land zoning 50 2 50 Medium 14. No Trans boundary water shed management

30 2 20 Low

15. Lack of effective farmers institutions

20 3 45 Medium

16. Industrial waste management

50 2 50 Medium

17. Lack of public private partnership

40 2 50 Medium

17. Disease & insects infestation in Jackfruit trees

50 1 100 High

18. Rhizome rot of Ginger 30 2 40 Medium 19. Lack of labour 50 1 60 Medium

67

Appendix 6 Contd. Group No. 3 Region/District: Kishoreganj, Netrokona

Sl . No

Type of problems Magnitude (% )of the total areas

(% )

Severity of problem (%)

Expected beneficiary

(%)

Priority Ranking

1. Submergence (Development of new varieties)

80 1 90 H

2. Development of short duration boro rice varieties

90 1 80 High

3. Development of photo sensitive short duration T. aman varieties

30 1 50 High

4. KAP studies 70 1 90 H 5. Lack of short duration mustard

and pulse varieties 30 2 40 M

6. Flash Flood 90 1 100 H 7. Lack of location specific quick

early warning dissemination system on agrometeriology

100 1 100 H

8. Low fertility in Charland 10 3 10 Low 9. Marketing problem 80 1 80 H 10. Pest management 80 1 90 H 11. Drought Problem 20 3 30 L 12. Cold injury 90 1 90 H 13. Mechanization for rice

transplanting and harvesting 100 1 100 H

. 14. Lack of suitable vegetable varieties

70 3 70 L

. 15. Lack of feed during monsoon of livestock

80 1 90 H

. 16. Generation and adaptation of open water Fisheries technologies

75 1 80 H

. 17. Adaptation of improved poultry birds (layer, ducks, broiler, pegionetc )

80 1 90 H

. 18. Development of improved raring and management of ruminants

60 2 70 M

. 19. Study on role of infrastructure and development agencies in Haor areas

60 2 75 M

. 20. Possibilities of Crop diversification and intensification

90 1 95 H

68

Appendix 6 Contd.

Commodity: Crops (Costal Agriculture), Chittagong Region

Problem Specification Location where the Problem

exists

Magnitude of the problem

(example, area affected, ha)

Extent of severity (1-10 scale, 10 being

highest)

Ranking H, M or L

Changes of cropping Pattern in saline area.

Saline areas of the region

Saline areas of the region

9 H

Suitable Rice Variety development for saline areas

Do Do 9 H

Drought resistant Variety Introduction of Felon.

Do Do 8 H

Introduction of Pest resistant Variety of Bean at Sitakunda.

Do Do 8 H

Revive of water melon of Patenga by tissue culture.

Do Do 8 H

Development of disease resistant variety specially soft rot of Zinger.

Do Do 8 H

Tissue Culture of year round var. of Jackfruit

Do Do 7 M

Removal of Seasonal Water logging in low lying area (adaptive research).

Do Do 7 M

Introduction of mite resistant Variety in Taro.

Do Do 7 M

Stem rot problem of groundnut, felon, pea and other leguminous crops.

Do Do 8 H

Development of wheat variety in saline area.

Do Do 9 H

Zinger, Turmeric Variety for rot disease. Do Do 9 H Elephant problem in plain land. Do Do 8 M Development of short duration variety for Aus and Aman in Noakhali & Feni

Do Do 8 M

Blast Problem of BR29 in water Logging area.

Do Do 8 M

Pod Borer Problem for soybean & Lady’s finger.

Do Do 9 H

Replacement of rein tree in Homestead. Do Do 6 M Cultivation of Sunflower as ail crop area. Do Do 7 M Development of salt tolerant variety of Onion.

Do Do 8 H

To test the Salinity status of released hybrid variety.

Do Do 7 M

Development of salinity testing Kit. Do Do 7 M

69

Appendix 6 Contd

Commodity: Crops (Plain Land agriculture)

Problem Specification Location where the Problem

exists

Magnitude of the problem

(example, area affected, ha)

Extent of severity (1-10 scale, 10 being

highest)

Ranking H, M or L

Short durated HYV Rice Cittagong and Sylhet division

Cittagong and Sylhet division

9 H

Hybrid rice with inbreed char. Do Do 8 M Heat tolerant with short donatives wheat variety.

Do Do 9 H

Virus and wilt tolerant Tomato Brinjal Do Do 9 H Research on Maize Corn Borer Do Do 7 M Development of high yielding Zinger and Turmeric variety

Do Do 7 M

Research on higher Yield of Betel leaf Do Do 7 M Development of Production technology of Hogla and Cane

Do Do 7 M

Development of short duration HYV Mustard

Do Do 8 H

Development of USG applicator and other machineries

Do Do 8 H

Proper dose of quick compost and USG Do Do 7 M Development of technology of oil Palm & Grapes

Do Do 6 M

Scarcity of Surface water Do Do 7 H Note: H=High, M=Medium and L=Low POLICY: 1. Activate –ATC Through BARC 2. To Project Agri-Land 3. Soil Health 4. Right Plant right place.

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