20 th Congress Soroptimist International of Europe Berlin 12-14 July 2013 Ruzena Svedelius AgrDr [email protected] www.biotransform.eu MY IDEA OF PARADISE ON EARTH
Apr 01, 2015
20th Congress Soroptimist International of EuropeBerlin 12-14 July 2013
Ruzena Svedelius AgrDr [email protected]
www.biotransform.eu
MY IDEA OF PARADISE ON EARTH
Ruzena Svedelius AgrDr [email protected]
2
Did you know that…•We all leave behind – in our homes, at work, on travel, in leisure activities – renewable organic material (ROM) in residues and waste
• ROM originates from plant and animal kingdom - can be used for production of many valuable products by biorefinery
• Biorefinery is conversion processes and equipment to produce value-added chemicals from ROM
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Ruzena Svedelius AgrDr [email protected]
32013-07-12
Inhabitants(create approximately 2 kg ROM per person and day)
ROMtons
per year
GWh/petajouletotal
bioenergy per year
GWhbioenergy in biogas per year
GWhbioenergy in biofertilizers
per year
€Value of nitrogen and phosphorus
per year
1 000 730 2,2 0.7-0.9
10 000 7 300 22 7-9 10-12
100 000 73 000 220/0.79 70-90 100-120
1 million 730 000 2 200/7.9 700-900 1 000-1 200 5 000 – 7 000
10 million 7 300 000
22 000/79 7 000-9 000
10 000- 12 000 50 000 – 70 000
ORGANIC WASTE TO BIOENERGY AND BIOFERTILIZERS
Each individual in the Western countries create at least 2 kg Renewable Organic Material (ROM) per
day • liquid as toilet waste (urine and faeces without
water) and • wet or dry in household waste
The mixture can be used as a feedstock for the production of
biogas and biofertilizers in local biogas plants
Ruzena Svedelius AgrDr [email protected]
4
How to get paradise on Earth?
With help of biotechnology – by biological conversion of renewable organic material in residues and waste by microorganisms
•when bioenergy is used efficiently •plant nutrients are returned to the fields
That will increase soil fertility promote production of safe food
while pollution and costs can be reduced
2013-07-12
Ruzena Svedelius AgrDr [email protected]
5
You and I can influence decisions
that result in more sustainable management of Renewable Organic Material
to lower costs while reducing the negative impact
on health and environment
2013-07-12
Ruzena Svedelius AgrDr [email protected]
6
Chemical elements that are necessary for plant growth
There are 16 essential plant nutrients (according to Professor Sune Petersson, 1984)
Carbon (C) and oxygen (O) are absorbed from the air
Other 14 elements are obtained from the soil solutionThey are: hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K),
calcium (Ca), sulphur (S), magnesium (Mg),
boron (B), chlorine (Cl), manganese (Mn),
iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu),
sodium (Na), molybdenum (Mo)
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Each of the 14 elements should be returned to cultivated soils
2013-07-12 Ruzena Svedelius AgrDr [email protected] 7
We need Sustainable Closing Loops
Local bioconversion – ecologically, economically and socially
sustainable
SOILS
RENEWABLE ORGANIC MATERIAL
· Collection· Transport
PRODUCKTION LINE Biological treatment
· Local· Efficient· Hygienic· User friendly
Biogas
Biofertilisers
Electricity/Heat/Fuel
PRODUCERS· Plants
CONSUMENTS· Animals· Industries· Households
Ruzena Svedelius AgrDr [email protected]
8
16 chemical elements & bioenergy
• Are found in all living things and in material derived from living
• Should be used more efficiently
• Technology should help create optimal conditions for microorganisms2013-07-12
Ruzena Svedelius AgrDr [email protected]
92013-07-12
Challenges for sustainable management of waste and wastewater
Motivation according to Birger Sölverud, BAS Consultant
Do not release into the air that you do not want to breathe
Do not contaminate water with stuffs you do not want to drink
Do not lay on the ground substances you do not want in your food
2013-07-12 Ruzena Svedelius AgrDr [email protected] 10
Treatment
M B CH
Sludge
Losses(d)
Losses(b)
Losses(a)
Los
ses (f
)
Losses(c)
Losses(e)
R. Svedelius 2002
Present waste and wastewater by “end of pipe” management in open and centralised systems
Figure from www.ramiran.net/DOC/E1.pdf
Losses are expensive emissions!
2013-07-12 Ruzena Svedelius AgrDr [email protected] 11
MWROMGW
Biofertiliser
Biogas
ElectricityHeatFuel for vehicles
Cultivation systems
Safe food
R. Svedelius 2002
Future waste and wastewater “at source” management in closed local systems
Figure from www.ramiran.net/DOC/E1.pf
2013-07-12 Ruzena Svedelius AgrDr [email protected] 12
Integrated Management
of Solid and Liquid Renewables
IMSOLIRE concept (G&G-system means Gas & Gödsel=fertilizer)
“Garbage House”
Irrigation
“Liquid”Grey water
“Solid” Mixed waste
“Bio H2O” “G&G-System”
Clean water
Biofertilisers Biogas
ReuseRecovery
Renewable organic material
Landfills
Ruzena Svedelius AgrDr [email protected]
To compare Present situation Future system – PARADISE on
EARTH
132013-07-12
Ruzena Svedelius AgrDr [email protected]
Two systems for management of waste and wastewater per person per year in Sweden 1998
FUTURE
Household waste (solid) 350 kg can be treated as follows (according to report
”Reforsk, FoU 145, 1998”):12 % recycling 6 % waste incineration 6 % land filling 76 % can be treated biologically
Liquid waste430 litre (urine and faeces) can be collected
in novel equipment using modern logistics and treated biologically in local facilities together with organic solid waste
Grey water can be cleaned locally by biological processes.
Results: biogas and biofertilizers two locally created valuable products
PRESENT SITUATION
Household waste (solid) 350 kg
12 % recycling50 % waste incineration (create ca 25 % toxic ash)38 % land filling
Liquid waste430 litre (urine and faeces) ends up in about 73 000 litre wastewaterIn wastewater treatment plants• nitrogen disappears out• phosphorus is binding by chemicals• sludge contain various toxic substances
Results: emissions that are polluting and also losses of energy and plant nutrients
UNSUSTAINABLE SUSTAINABLE
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Ruzena Svedelius AgrDr [email protected]
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Some short definitions
Bio – inspired by the Greek word βίος, bios, = “life”
Biology is study of lifeBiomass – mass of living organismsBioenergy – suns energy bound in biomass Bioconversion - processes involving living organismsBiofuel – food, feed, substrate, biogas, ethanol Biogas – methane + carbon dioxide + other gasesBiofertilizers – fertilizers that contain beneficial microorganisms, plant nutrients and humic substances important for soil fertility / productivity
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