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-15-

1 smnþb,asaTika GdækfaRB¼vin&ybidk 2 kgçavitrNI ¦matikdækfa GdækfaRB¼átiemakç 3 sumg:lvilasnI GdækfaTIXnikay 4 bbBa©sUTnI GdækfamCÄimnikay 5 sartSb,kasinI GdækfasMyutþnikay 6 menarfbUrNI GdækfaGg:útþrnikay 7 brmtSeCatika GdækfaxuTÞkáz£ nigsutþniát 8 FmµbTdækfa GdækfaFmµbT 9 Catkdækfa GdækfaCatk 10 GdæsalinI GdækfaFmµsg:NIbkrN_ 11 semµahvienaTnI GdækfaviPg:bkrN_ 12 bBa©krNdækfa eQµa¼brmtSTIbnI CaRB¼GdækfaRB¼GPiFmµTaMg RáMKm<Ir KW Fatukfa kfavtSú buK:lb,BaØtþi ymk nigbdæan . 13 visuT§imK: bkrN_viesseBaleday sIl smaFi bBaØa . 14 jaeNaT&y EtgmunkalenA}NÐa c,abédImGnþrFanehIy . 15 britþdækfa GdækfaRB¼éRtbidkc,ab´segçb c,abédImGnþþrFan ehIy .

RB¼Km<IrTaMgen¼ ánCaRbeyaCn_d¾éRkElg cMeBa¼mnusßkñúgRbeTs epßg@ elakeBalTukfa Km<IrTaMgGseRbIeBlevlaRtwmEt 1 qñaM k¾án

-16-

seRmc ánekItesckþIGs©arü sUm,IEpndIk¾keRmIkjabj&r . lT§plkargar vNÑkmµrbs´RB¼BuT§eXas£ GñksikßaPasaálI

TUeTAánsresIr nigrabGanelakfa CaburaNacarüd¾sMxan´éRkElgrbs´ elakeyIgen¼ .

3

-17-

raynamelakGñkman]bkar³ 3

elakRKÚGKÁbNÐitFmµacarü b‘ut savgS elakRKÚFmµbNÐit rs; supat

elakRKÚviniyacarü KaM GuIv ])sk k¥at h‘n ])sk nak; em:A

])sk TMu TYn ])sk huk swghYt ])sk Cwm CMnit ])sk ekIt Titü ])sk sn m:arDI ])sk hay cMerIn ])sk Gwum ér:y:a ])sk suRk h‘t ])sk esam rtn³ ])sk sM qay ])sk em:A pun ])sk Ca suI)n ])sika fab; elOm ])sika hay sar:at; ])sika b‘ut sum:alI ])sika ys sm,tþi ])sika BU h‘ag ])sika b‘ut esdadYg ])sika Eb:n rmNI

RBmTaMgBuT§bris½Tkñúg nigeRkARbeTs

3

-18-

raynamGñkERbsRmÜl

3

RBHsgÇGaRsmRBHKn§kudi RBHPikçúGKÁTienña nUv bUr:a RbFanGaRsm RBHPikçúcitþrkçieta sM sm,tþi Fmµacarü RBHPikçúFmµb,eBaØa qMu saevOn Fmµacarü RBHPikçúvrFemµa put etA Fmµacarü RBHPikçúetCFera qav qan Fmµacarü Epñk])sk

])sk hay cMerIn ])sk Cwm CMnit

3

-19-

btþiTankfa 3

kareroberog ERbsRmÜlGdækfaRBHéRtbidkCaexmrPasa edIm,I bUCacMeBaHRBHrtnéRt mü:ageTotedIm,Itmál;TukCasm,tþivb,Fm’Cati nigCacMENkcUlrYmkñúgkartaMgenAénRBHsT§mµKRmb; 5>000 RBHvsSa .

eyIgCaRkúmERbsRmÜlGdækfa sUmelIknUvbuNükuslEdlekIt eLIgGMBIkargarenH H-

]TÞisfVay nigeKarBCUn ³ -RBHmhavrkSRtiy_ nigmhavrkSRtiyanI -RBHmhakSRtiy_énRBHraCaNacRkkm<úCa -semþcRBHsgÇraCTaMgBIrKN³ -matabitaéneyIgxJúMTaMgGs;Kña -elakRKÚGKÁbNÐitFmµcarü b‘ut savgS -elakRKÚFmµbNÐit rs; supat -sBVmuxm®nþIraCkar nigRbCanura®sþénkm<úCrdæ -sBVstVTaMgGs;kñúgRt½yPB sUmelakeRtkGr GnuemaTnanUvcMENkbuNüenH

sUmGnuemaTna ¡>>>>> Rkúmeroberog nigERbsRmÜl

-20-

matikaFm’ 3

eQµaHerOg TMB½r vKÁTI 6

1-Gdækfa eKaFikKafa 1 2-Gdækfa suBahuKafa 12 3-Gdækfa vløiyKafa 14 4-Gdækfa ]tþiyKafa 16 5-Gdækfa GBa¢nvniyKafa 17 6-Gdækfa kudiviharIKafa 23 7-Gdækfa TutiykudiviharIKafa 30 8-Gdækfa rmNiykudikKafa 37 9-Gdækfa ekasløviharIKafa 44 10-Gdækfa sIvlIKafa 49

vKÁTI 7 1-Gdækfa vb,Kafa 65 2-Gdækfa vC¢IbutþkKafa 73 3-Gdækfa bkçKafa 79 4-Gdækfa vimlekaNÐBaØKafa 87 5-Gdækfa ]ekçbkdvcäKafa 94 6-Gdækfa emXiyKafa 102 7-Gdækfa ÉkFmµsvniyKafa 109 8-Gdækfa ÉkuTaniyKafa 116

-21-

9-Gdækfa qnñKafa 125 10-Gdækfa buNÑKafa 132

vKÁTI 8 1-Gdækfa vcä)alKafa 141 2-Gdækfa GatumKafa 147 3-Gdækfa maNvKafa 154 4-Gdækfa suyamnKafa 164 5-Gdækfa susarTKafa 172 6-Gdækfa biyBa¢hKafa 179 7-Gdækfa htßaerahbutþKafa 186 8-Gdækfa emNÐsirKafa 192 9-Gdækfa rkçitKafa 197 10-Gdækfa ]KÁKafa 203

vKÁTI 9 1-Gdækfa smitiKutþKafa 208 2-Gdækfa ksSbKafa 215 3-Gdækfa sIhKafa 221 4-Gdækfa nItKafa 227 5-Gdækfa sunaKKafa 233 6-Gdækfa naKitKafa 238 7-Gdækfa bvidæKafa 245 8-Gdækfa GC¢únKafa 250 9-Gdækfa ¬bzm¦ eTvsPKafa 256

-22-

10-Gdækfa samiTtþKafa 262

vKÁTI 10 1-Gdækfa bribuNÑkKafa 267 2-Gdækfa viCyKafa 274 3-Gdækfa ÉrkKafa 280 4-Gdækfa emtþCiKafa 286 5-Gdækfa ckçú)alKafa 291 6-Gdækfa xNÐsumnKafa 300 7-Gdækfa tisSKafa 306 8-Gdækfa GPyKafa 312 9-Gdækfa ]tþiyKafa 318 10-Gdækfa ¬Tutiy¦ eTvsPKafa 323

vKÁTI 11 1-Gdækfa epldæikaniKafa 328 2-Gdækfa estucäKafa 335 3-Gdækfa Bn§úrKafa 341 4-Gdækfa xitkKafa 347 5-Gdækfa mlitvmÖKafa 354 6-Gdækfa suehmnþKafa 360 7-Gdækfa FmµsMvrKafa 368 8-Gdækfa FmµsdbituKafa 373 9-Gdækfa sgÇrkçitKafa 376 10-Gdækfa ]sPKafa 382

-23-

vKÁTI 12

1-Gdækfa eCnþKafa 388 2-Gdækfa vcäeKatþKafa 395 3-Gdækfa vnvcäKafa 400 4-Gdækfa GFimutþKafa 406 5-Gdækfa mhanamKafa 416 6-Gdækfa )arabriyKafa 424 7-Gdækfa ysKafa 435 8-Gdækfa kim<ilKafa 445 9-Gdækfa vC¢IbutþKafa 451 10-Gdækfa \siTtþKafa 457

3

-1- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 6 eKaFikefrKafaTI 1

Gdðkza ezrKaza

Ékni:t TutiyPaK

vK<TI 6

Gdðkza eKaZikezrKazaTI 1

[52] vsSti eTeva yfa suKItM

qnña em kudika suxa nivata

citþM susmahitBa© myðM

Gf ec btßysi bvsS eTvati .

ePøóg ¬manpÁr¦ dUcceRmógd¾BIeraH rEmgbg¥úrcuH xÞm KW GtþPaB´ ´)anbiT)aMgehIy \txül;cUl)aneT

EtgnaMmknUvesckþIsux TaMgcitþrbs;´k¾tmál;Tukl¥

ehIy mñalePøóg ebIGñkcg; ¬bg¥úrTwk¦ GñkcUrbg¥úr mkcuH .

RBHeKaFiketßr .

-2- brmtßTIbnI Gdækfa xuTÞknikay efrKafa

Kafarbs;RBHefr³ 4 rUbTaMgenH KW RBHeKaFik³ RBHsuBahu

RBHvløiy³ RBH]tþiy³ TaMg 4 KafamanBaküepþ Imfa ePøógFøak;cuH

mk mansMeLgBIeraH . erOgekIteLIgdUcemþc?

sUm,IRBHefr³TaMgenH k¾manGFikareFV IT ukehIykñúgRBHBuT§GgÁ

mun² snSMbuNüCaeRcInTukkñ úgPBenaH² kñúgkalénRBHmanRBHPaK

RBHnamfa siT§tß³ kñúgkb,TI 91 GMBIPTÞkb,enH )anekItkñúgRtkUl

sþúksþmÖ kaldwgkþ IehIy k¾)anCasmøaj;Rtac;eTACamYyKña .

kñúgbNþasmøaj;TaMgenaH smøaj;mñak; eXIjRBHmanRBHPaK

RBHnamfa siT§tß³ esþcyagbiNÐ)at )anfVayGaharmYyEvk .

smøaj;TI 2 mancitþRCHføa fVaybgÁMedaybBa©gÁRbtisßanehIy )an

pÁgGBa¢lI . smøaj;TI 3 mancitþRCHføa bUCaRBHmanRBHPaKeday

páa]b,lmYykþab; . smøaj;TI 4 eFVIkarbUCaedaypáamøiH . smøaj;

TaMgenaHeTAekItkñúgeTvelak edaybuBaØkmµEdleFVIcitþ[RCHføakñúgRBH

sasþa TaMgxVl;xVayehIyy:agenH eFV IbuNüt² mk ehIyk¾Rtac;

rgÁat;enAkñúgeTvta nigmnusSTaMgLay kñúgkalrbs;RBHmanRBHPaK


RBHnamfa ksSb³ ekItkñ úgpÞHmanRtkUl Casmøaj;Kña bYskñúg

RBHsasna bMeBjsmNFm’ kñúgkalénRBHmanRBHPaKrbs;eyIg

TaMgLay mkekItCa»rsesþcmlø³ 4 GgÁ kñúgRkúg)ava . BYkesþc

mlø³)andak;namrbs;RBH»rsTaMgenaHfa eKaFik³ suBahu vløiy³

¬nig¦ ]tþiy³ . RBH»rsTaMg 4 GgÁ )anCasmøaj;nwgKña . RBH

»rsTaMgenaH )annaMKñaeTAkan;RkúgkbilBsþú edaykrNIkic©NamYy .

k¾kñ úgsm½yenaH RBHsasþaesþcyageTAkan;RkúgkbilBsþú Rbfab;

enAkñúgnieRKaFaram RTg;sEmþgymkb,adiharü jaMjImanHkSRtskü³

manRBH)aTsueT§aTn³CaRbmux . RKaenaH »rsénesþcmlø³TaMg 4

enaH eXIj)adiharüehIy k¾manesckþIRCHføa bYsehIy ceRmIn

vibsSna k¾)anseRmcRBHGrhtþRBmTaMgbdismÖiTa kñúgkalminyUr .

smdUcKafaRbB½n§EdlelakeBalTukkñ úgGbTanfa¬1¦

RBHeKaFiketßreBalKafaenHfa

eyIg)aneXIjRBHsmµasm<úT § RTg;manRBH

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 1¦ Ca RBHPikçaTayketßr .


qvIvNÑdUcmas smKYrTTYlleRKÓgbUCa esþcecj

cakéRBd¾s¶at;¬1¦ caktNðaCaeRKÓgcak;eRsHmkkan;

karrlt; .

eyIg)anfVayPikçamYyEvk cMeBaHRBHBuT§RBH

namfasiT§tß³ RTg;EsVgrkKuNd¾FMéRkElg CabuKÁl

s¶b;rm¶ab;edaybBaØa¬2¦ RTg;manesckþIBüayameRcIn

CataTibuKÁl .

eyIgmanesckþIeRtkGr d¾xøa MgkñúgRBHBuT§ Ca

epABgSRBHGaTitü RTg;júa MgmhaCnGñktamRBHyu-

Kl)aT[RtCak; .

kñúgkb,TI 94 GMBIPTÞkb,enH eyIg)anfVay

TanNa kñúgRKaenaH eRBaHkmµenaH eyIgminEdl

sÁal;TuKÁtieLIy enHCaplénkarfVayPikça .

kñúgkb,TI 87 GMBIPTÞkb,enH eyIg)anCa

1¦ ERbBIBakü bvra kñúg)alIGbTanc,ab;süamCa bvna = éRBFM . 2¦ ERbBIBakü bBaØay ]bsnþsS )alIGbTanc,ab;süamCa bBaØsS ]bsnþsS ERbfa GñkmanbBaØa Gñks¶b;rMgab; .


esþccRkBtþi 7 dg manRBHnamdUcKñafa mhaerNu

bribUN’edayEkv 7 Rbkar .

eyIgdutkielsTaMgLayehIy .l. Bakü

TUnµanrbs;RBHBuT§ eyIgeFV IeRscehIy .

RBHsuBahuetßreBalKafaenHfa¬1¦

eyIg)aneXIjRBHsmµasm<úT § RTg;manRBH

qvIvNÑdUcmas RTg;Gg;GacdUcesHGaCaenyü dUc

dMr ImatgÁ³cuHeRbg 3 kEnøg RTg;EsVgrknUvKuNd¾FM

éRkElg .

RTg;júa MgTisTaMgBYg[PøWsVagdUcRBHcnÞeBj

bUN’mI CaeCdæbursénelak esþckMBg;yagkñúgfñl; .

eTIbjúaMgcitþ[RCHføakñúgRBHjaN )anpÁg

GBa¢lI mancitþRCHføa mancitþesamnsS fVaybgÁM

RBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa siT§tß³ .

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 2¦ Ca RBHjaNsBaØiketßr .


kñúgkb,TI 94 GMBIPTÞkb,enH eyIg)aneFVIkmµ

NakñúgRKaenaH eRBaHkmµenaH eyIgminEdlsÁal;

TuKÁtieLIy enHCapl énkarkMNt;kñúgRBHjaN .

kñúgkb,TI 73 GMBIPTÞkb,enH eyIig)anCa

esþccRkBtþi 16 dg RTg;RBHnamfa nrutþm³ bri-

bUN’edayEkv 7 Rbkar manBlanuPaBeRcIn .



RBHvløiyetßreBalKafaenHfa¬1¦

kñúgRKaenaH eyIgCaGñkRkgpáa GaRs½yenAkñúg

nKrtivra )aneXIjRBHsm<úT§GñkR)ascakFUlI RBHnam

fasiT§tß³ EdlstVelakbUCa .

k¾mancitþRCHføa mancitþesamnsS )anfVay

páa]b,lmYykþab; eRBaHplénkmµenaH eyIgekItkñ úg

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 3¦ Ca RBH]b,lhtßiyetßr .


PBNa² eyIg)anesayplEdlKYrR)afña EdlxøÜn

eFVITukl¥ehIykñúgkalmun EhhmedayBYkesþcmlø³

enHCaplénkarfVaypáaeQI .

kñúgkb,TI 94 GMBIPTÞkb,enH eyIgbUCaRBH

BuT§edaypáaeQINa eRBaHkmµenaH eyIgminEdl

sÁal;TuKÁtieLIy enHCaplénkarbUCaedaypáaeQI .

rab;fyeRkayeTA 94 kb, evorkb,bc©úb,nñ

eyIg)anCaRBHraCa 500 dg mannamdUcKñafa

nC¢sm³¬1¦ kñúgPaBCaRBHraCaenaH . eyIgdutkiels

TaMgLayehIy .l. BaküTUnµanrbs;RBHBuT§ eyIg

eFV IeRscehIy .

RBH]tþiyetßreBalKafaenHfa¬2¦

eyIg)anfVaypáamø iH cMeBaHRBHmanRBHPaKRBH

namfasiT§tß³ páamøiH 7 páa eyIgeraycuHeTobRBHyu-

1¦ GbTan Ca niC¢úbn/ 2¦ kñúgGbTan ¬bidlelx 73 TMB½r 5¦ Ca RBHbTbUCketßr .


Kl)aT edayesckþIeRtkGr .

eRBaHkmµenaH éf¶enH eyIg)anCaFMelImnusS

nigeTvta eyIgtmál;ragkay EdlCaPBcugeRkay

enAkñ úgsasnaénRBHsmµasm<úT § .

kñúgkb,TI 94 GMBIPTÞkb,enH eyIgbUCaRBHBuT§

edaypáaeQINa eRBaHkmµenaH eyIgminEdlsÁal;

TuKÁtieLIy enHCaplénkarbUCapáaeQI .

kñúgkb,TI 5 GMBIPTÞkb,enH eyIg)anCaesþc

cRkBtþi 13 dg RTg;RBHnamfa smnþKn§³ Cacm

RbCa RKb;RKgEpndI manmhasmuRTTaMg 4 CaEdn

extþ .



RBHefr³TaMg 4 rUbenH kalseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy R)akd

ekrþ×eQµaHl,Ikñúgelak CaGñkEdlRBHraCa mhaGmatüénRBHraCa eFVI


skáar³ eKarB enACamYyKñakñúgéRBenaHÉg . kñúgéf¶mYy RBH)aTBim<i-

sarcUleTArkRBHefr³TaMg 4 rUbenaH EdlcUleTAkan;RkúgraCRKwH

fVaybgÁMehIy nimnþ[Kg;caMvsSaGs;éRtmas Rtas;bgÁab;[sag

kudifVayRBHefr³TaMgenaH mYyxñgmYyGgÁ² ¬Et¦ min)anRbk;dMbUl

eRBaHePøc . RBHefr³TaMgenaHk¾enAkñ úgkudiEdlminTan;)anRbk; dl;

rdUvePøóg ePøógk¾minFøak; . RBHraCaRTg;RBHtRmiHfa {eRBaHehtuGVIhñ +

ePøógeTIbminFøak;?} RTg;RCabehtuenaH eTIbRtas;bgÁab;[Rbk;dMbUl

kudiTaMgenaH [labedaydIs¥it nigtak;Etg[s¥at eFV Ikarqøgkudi

ehIy )anfVayTandl;Pikç úsgÇBYkFM .

edIm,InwgGnueRKaHRBHraCa RBHefr³TaMgLayeTIbcUleTAkan;kudi

ehIycUlsmabtþimanemtþaCaGarmµN_ . lMdab;enaH mhaemXtaMg

eLIgkñúgTisxageCIg nigTisxagekIt kñúgxN³EdlRBHefr³TaMgLay

ecjcaksmabtþi ePøógk¾Føak;cuHmkmYyrMeBc .

kñúgbNþaRBHefr³TaMgenaH RBHeKaFiketßrecjcaksmabtþiRBm

CamYyemXRKhwm )aneBalKafaenHfa


ePøógFøak;cuHmk mansMeLgBIeraHdUcceRmóg

kudirbs;eyIgRbk;)aMgCitl¥ehIy citþrbs;eyIgtaMg

maMl¥ehIy ebIR)afñanwgFøak; k¾cUrFøak;mkcuHePøóg .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa vsSti ¬Føak;cuHmk¦ esckþIfa ePøóg

Føak; KW júaMgTwkePøóg[eRsaccuHmk . bTfa eTeva esµInwg emeXa

¬)andl; emXePøóg¦ .

bTfa yfa suKItM ¬mansMeLgBIeraHdUcsMeLgceRmóg¦ GFi-

b,ayfa bnøWsMeLgdUcCasMeLgeRcógd¾BIeraH . eRBaHkñúgkalePøóg

nwgFøak; minEmnmancMeBaHemXEdltaMgeLIgryCan; Ban;Can; enA

manepøkbenÞarRKhwm dalRcvat;RKb;Tis CalMG ¬eTotpg¦ eRBaH

dUecñaH RBHefr³eTIbsEmþgfa ePøógFøak;beBa©jsMeLgd¾BIeraHKwkkg .

eRBaHehtuenaH eTIbRBHefr³eBaldl;karEdlminRtÚveboteboneday

sMeLg edayBaküfa kudirbs;eyIgRbk;)aMgCitl¥ehIy . KW kudi

rbs;eyIgenH Rbk;edayesµACaedImehIy edayviFIEdlePøógRsk;

cuHmin)an RBHefr³eBaldl;kudiEdlTwkePøógenaHebotebonmin)an .


kudi eQµaHfa naMsuxmk[ eRBaHmansuxkñ úgkareRbIR)as; nigman

rdUvCaTIsb,ay manrdUvCasuxRKb;y:ag . TaMgR)ascakGnþray

EdlekItGMBIxül; eRBaHmanbg¥ÜcbiT)aMgCitl¥ . eday 2 bTenaH

RBHefr³eBaldl;kudiEdlminRtÚvebotebonfa CaGavassb,ay³ .

bTfa citþ M susmahitBa© myðM ¬citþrbs;eyIgtmál;maMl¥

ehIy¦ esckþIfa citþrbs;eyIgtaMgmaMehIyedayl¥ edaysmaFi

d¾kMBUl KW taMgs‘b;l¥ehIykñúgGarmµN_ KW RBHniBVan . edaybT

enH RBHefr³sEmþgdl;PaBCaGñkmanesckþIxVl;xVaytic eRBaHmin

manGnþraykñúgxagkñ úg .

bTfa Gf ec btßysi ¬ebIR)afñanwgFøak;¦ esckþIfa \LÚv

enH ebIGñkR)afñanwgFøak; KW ebIGñkeBjcitþnwgFøak; .

bTfa bvsS ¬cUrFøak;mkcuH¦ esckþIfa cUrbg¥ úrTwk KW

bgðÚrFñarTwkePøógmkcuH . RBHefr³ehAePøógfa eTv³ ¬ePøóg¦ .

cb;Gdækfa eKaFiketßrTI 1 3


Gdðkza suBahuezrKazaTI 2


qnña em kud ika suxa nivata

citþ M susmahitBa© myðM



EtgnaMmknUvesckþIsux TaMgcitþrbs;´k¾tmál;Tukl¥

ehIy mñalePøóg ebIGñkcg; ¬bg¥úrTwk¦ cUrbeg¥armk

cuH .

RBHsuBahuetßr .

kñúgKafaEdlRBHefr³ 3 GgÁeTot tmkenH eBalTukEbøkKña

Etkñ úg)aTTI 3 . kñúgKafaTaMgenaH KafaEdlRBHsuBahuetßreBal

Tukfa citþM susmahitBa© kaey¬1¦ ¬ citþtaMgmaMl¥ehIykñúgkay ¦

1¦ )alICa myðM = rbs;eyIg .

-13- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 6 suBahuefrKafaTI 2

esckþIfa citþrbs;eyIgtaMgmaMehIyedayl¥ KW taMgs‘b;ehIyeday

RbéBkñúgkrCkay edayGMNacénkarceRmInkayKtasti . GFib,ay

fa RBHsuBahuetßrenH eFV IQanEdlelak)anehIyedayGMNacén

karceRmInkayKtasti[Ca)aT ceRmInvibsSna k¾seRmcRBHGrhtþ

ehIy . RBHefr³sMedAdl;karceRmInkayKtastienaH eTIbeBalfa

citþtaMgmaMl¥ehIykñúgkay .

cb;Gdækfa suBahuetßrKafaTI 2

3


Gdðkza vløiyetærKazaTI 3



tsSM vhrami Gb,metþa



EtgnaMmknUvesckþIsux ĆaGñkminRbmaTenAkñ úgxÞm

enaH mñalePøóg ebIGñkcg; ¬bg¥úrTwk¦ cUrbg¥úrmk cuH .

RBHvløiyetßr .

kñúgvløiyetßrKafa bTfa tsSM vihrami Gb,metþa ¬eyIgCa

GñkminRbmaT enAkñúgkudienaH¦ manGFib,ayfa eyIgeQµaHfa CaGñk

minRbmaTehIy eRBaHseRmcdl;TIbMputénvtþbdibtþ iEdl[dl;kar

minRbmaT pøas;bþ Úr\riyabf KW júaMgGtþPaB[RbRBwtþeTA edaykar

-15- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 6 vløiyefrKafaTI 3

beg¥ancUleTAkñ úgFm’EdlCaeRKÓgenArbs;RBHGriy³ nigedaykar

RbkbCamYyFm’ manTiBVviharFm’CaedIm enAkñúgkudienaH .

cb;Gdækfa vløiyetßrKafaTI 3

3


Gdðkza ótþiyezrKazaTI 4



tsSM vhrami GTutieya


ePøóg ¬manpÁr¦ dUcceRmógd¾BIeraH rEmgbg¥úrcuH xÞm KW GtþPaB´ ´)anbiT)aMgehIy ´\tmanbuKÁlKRmb;

BIr enAkñúgxÞmenaHeT mñalePøóg ebIGñkcg; ¬bg¥úrTwk¦ cUrbg¥úrmkcuH .

RBH]tþiyetßr .

kñúgKafaEdlRBH]tþiyetßreBal bTfa GTutieya ¬eyIgmñak;

Égminmansmøaj;¦ )andl; eyIgCaGñkminmansmøaj; KW evorcak

karsñiT§sñaledaykiels nigkarsñiT §sñaledayBYkKN³ .

cb;Gdækfa ]tþiyetßrKafaTI 4 3

-17- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 6 GBa¢nvniyefrKafaTI 5

Gdðkza GBa¢nvniyezrKazaTI 5‘1’

[56] GasnÞikudikM ktVa »Kyð GBa¢navnM

tiesSa viC¢a Gnub,tþa ktM BuT§sS sasnnþi .

´)ancUleTAkan;éRBGBa¢ ½n ehIyeFV Ix Þmb: unERKGasnÞi¬2¦

¬ehIyGgÁúy¦ ´)andl;éRtviC¢a BuT§sasna ´)an eFV IehIy .

RBHGBa¢navniyetßr .

Kafarbs;RBHGBa¢nvniyetßr manBaküepþImfa eyIgcUleTAkan;

éRBGBa¢nv½n . erOgekIteLIgdUcemþc?

)anB¤fa kñúgkalénRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa bTumutþr³ elak

CaGñkRkgpáa namfa suTsSn³ bUCaRBHmanRBHPaKedaypáamøiH eFV I

buNüCaeRcIndéTeTotTukkñúgPBenaH² nig)anRtac;rgÁat;eTAkñ úgeTvta

nigmnusSTaMgLay )anbYskñúgsasnaénRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa

ksSb³ )anbMeBjsmfFm’ . kalkñúgBuT§ úb,aTkalenH ekItkñ úg

1¦ )alICa GBa ¢navniyetßr .


esþcvC¢ I¬1¦ kñúgRkúgevsalI kñ úgevlaEdleKceRmInv½yehIy P½y

3 Rbkar KW P½yekItGMBIminmanePøóg 1 P½yekItGMBICMgW 1 P½y

ekItGMBIGmnusS 1 ekIteLIgkñ úgEdnvC¢ I . P½yTaMgGs;enaH Kb,I

RCabedayn½ydUceBalehIy kñúgGdækfartnsURt . kalRBHman

RBHPaKesþcyagdl;RkúgevsalI kalP½yRKb;y:ags¶b;ehIy nig

kalkarseRmcFm’ekItehIydl;eTvta nigmnusSTaMgLayCaeRcIn

kñ úgkarsEmþgFm’rbs;RBHsasþa RBHraCkumarenH eXIjBuT§anuPaB

mansT§a eTIbecjbYs .

k¾RBHraCkumarenHmanRbvtþiy:agNa sUm,IRBHraCa 4 GgÁeTot

EdlnwgeBalteTA k¾manRbvtþiy:agenaH . k¾raCkumarGñkRsúklicävI

Casmøaj;rbs;raCkumarenH k¾ecjbYs edayTMngdUcKñaenHEdr .

sUm,Ikñ úgkalénRBHsmµasm<úT§RTg;RBHnamfa ksSb³ raCkumarTaMg

enaHCasMLaj;nwgKña bYsehIy )anbMeBjsmNFm’rYmKñaCamYy

raCkumarenH )aneFV IbuNü dUcCakardaMBUC KW kuslCaedImTukeTob

1¦ vCI¢ CaeQµaHEdn/ ehAcMeBaHesþclicäv Ik ¾man .

-19- Gdækfa Ékni) t vKÁTI 6 GBa¢nvniyefrKafaTI 5

)aTmUlrbs;RBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa bTumutþr³ . kñúgelakTaMgenaH

RBHGBa¢nvniyetßrenH eFV IbuBVkic©eRscehIy enARtg;éRBbcäakñúgéRB

GBa¢nv½n kñúgRkúgsaekt kaldl;evlaCitcUlvsSa )antaMgcas;²

EdlmnusSTaMgLayecal k¾)andak;taMgenaHTukelIdu Mfµ 4 du M Rbk;

EpñkxagelI nigbiT)aMgxagcMehogedayesµACaedIm eFVITVar ehIyenA

caMvsSa . elakRbwgERbgBüayam k¾)anseRmcRBHGrhtþkñ úgEx

dMbUgenaHÉg .


kñúgRKaenaH eyIgCaGñkRkgpáaeQµaHfa suT-

sSn³ )aneXIjRBHBuT§GñkR)ascakFUlI KW kiels

CaeCdæbursénelak RTg;Gg;GacCagnrCn .

eyIgmanckçúbrisuT§ mancitþesamnsS kan;

páamøiHeTAbUCaRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa bTumutþr³ Edl

RTg;seRmcTiBVckç ú .

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 6¦ Ca RBHmud æ ibubö iyetßr .


edaykarbUCaedaypáaeQIenH nigedaykar

taMgcitþT uk eyIgmincUldl;TuKÁti Gs; 100>000

kb, .


esþccRkBtþi 16 dg manRBHnamdUcKñafa eTvutþr³

manBlanuPaBeRcIn .



kalelakseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy esayvimutþ isux ecjcak

smabtþiehIy BicarNasm,tþiEdl)anmk kalnwgbnøW]Taneday

kmøaMgbIti eTIbeBalKafafa

eyIgcUleTAkan;éRBGBa¢nv½n eRbItaMgCakudi )an

seRmcviC¢a 3 ehIy BaküTUnµanrbs;RBHBuT§ eyIg

eFV IeRscehIy .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa GasnÞikudikM ktVa ¬eRbItaMgCakudi¦

-21- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 6 GBa¢nvniyefrKafaTI 5

esckþIfa taMg 4 RCúg maneCIgEvg ehAfa GasnÞi . taMg 4 RCúg

maneCIgEvg GgÁúy)an Etedkmin)an k¾man . RBHefr³eFVItaMgenaH

[Cakudi edIm,IenAGaRs½y tamEdleBalmkGMBImun KW eFVI[Cakudi

edayRbkar kalGgÁúyelItaMgenaHehIy GacbMeBjsmNFm’)an

edayRsÜl eRBaHminmanGnþrayEdlekItGMBIrdUv RBHefr³sEmþgdl;

esckþIR)afñatic nigesckþIsenþasd¾kMBUlrbs;xøÜn kñ úgesnasn³

edaybTenH .

smdUcKafaRbB½n§EdlRBHFmµesnabtIeBalTukfa

kalPikçúGgÁúyBt;EPñnkñ úgkudiNa ePøógFøak;

esImCgÁg;Ta MgBIrxag kudienaHrab;fa lµmCakarenA

y:agsb,ayrbs;Pikç úGñkmancitþEtmYy .

GacarüBYkmYy Gag)az³fa GasnÞikudikM ehIyeBalGFi-

b,ayfa eFVIkudixñatb: untaMg . cMENkGacarüBYkdéTeBalGFib,ay

fa kudiEdleFVITukelIERK sRmab;GñkGgÁúyelIGasn³CaedImeTA ¬KW

ERKEsñg¦ eQµaH GasnÞi/ eFV IGasnÞienaH[Cakudi .


bTfa »Kyð ¬cUleTA¦ esckþIfa QancuH KW cUleTArk .

bTfa GBa¢navnM ¬GBa¢nv½n¦ )andl; éRBEdlmaneQµaHy:agenH

GFib,ayfa vlø× elakehAfa GBa¢n³ eRBaHmanpáaBN’dUcpáaGBa¢½n

éRBenaH)annamfa GBa¢nv½n eRBaHeRcIneTAedayvlø×enaH . cMENk

GacarüBYkxøHeBalfa Kum<eQIFM eQµaHfa GBa¢n³ . RtÚvnaMBakübEnßm

fa vihrta mya ¬GaRs½yenA¦ mkRbkbcUlpg eTIbCa eyIgcUl

eTAkan;éRBGBa¢nv½nenaH eRbItaMgCakudiehIyGaRs½yenA )anseRmc

viC¢a 3 ehIy BaküTUnµanrbs;RBHBuT§ eyIgeFVIeRscehIy . nigGtß

énKafaenHÉg )anCakarBüakrN_RBHGrhtþplrbs;RBHefr³ dUecñH .

cb;Gdækfa GBa¢nvniyetßrKafaTI 5

3

-23- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 6 kudiv iharIefrKafaTI 6

Gdðkza kudiviharIezrKazaTI 6

[57] eka kudikayM Pikçú kudikayM

vItraeKa susmahitcietþa

ÉvMCanahi Gavuesa GemaXa et kudika ktati .

¬extþ)al sYrfa¦ nrNa ¬GgÁúyenA¦ kñ úgxÞm ¬RBH

efr³tbfa¦ Pikç úGñkR)ascakraK³ mancitþtmál;Tuk

l¥ehIy ¬GgÁúyenA¦ kñúgxÞm mñalGavuesa GñkcUr dwgy:agenHfa xÞmEdlGñkeFVIehIy min\tRbeyaCn_

eT .

RBHkudiv iharietßr .

Kafarbs;RBHkudiviharietßr manBaküepþ Imfa nrNaGgÁúyenA

kñ úgxÞm . erOgekIteLIgdUcemþc?

)anB¤mkfa kalRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa bTumutþr³ esþceTA

tamGakas elakkan;k¥mTwkRtCak;eTAedayKitfa eyIgnwgfVayTwk

CaTan k¾ekItbItiesamnsS egIbmuxeLIg e)aHk¥mTwkeLIgeTA ¬elI

-24- brmtßTIbnI Gdækfa xuTÞkn ikay efrKafa

Gakas¦ . RBHsasþaRTg;RCabGFüaRs½yrbs;elak eTIbRbfab;

QrB§d¾GakasTTYlk¥mTwk edIm,IceRmInbsaTsT§a . edaykarTTYl

TwkenaH elakekItbItiesamnsSCaxøaMg . esckþId¾essdUcKñaEdl

eBalTukkñúgerOgRBHGBa¢nvniyetßrTaMgGs; . cMENkRbkarEdlEbøk

mandUecñH .

)anB¤fa elakbYsedayn½ydUceBalehIy eFVIbuBVkic©eRsc

ehIy xVl;xVaykñúgvibsSna kñúgevlaRtCak;edIrpøÚveTACitTIERs kal

ePøógFøak;RKab; eXIjxÞmesµAtUcrbs;GñkcaMERs eTIbcUleTA GgÁúy

elIkRmaleFVIedayesµAkñúgxÞmenaH . eBlelakGgÁúycuH k¾)anrdUv

¬Gakas¦ CaTIsb,ay ceRmInvibsSna k¾seRmcRBHGrhtþ .


eyIg)aneXIjRBHsmµasm<úT§ RTg;manRBHqvI-

vNÑdUcmas RTg;rugerOgdUcKMnrePøIg RTg;rugerOgdUc

ETnbUCa esþckMBugyageTApøÚvGakas .

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 673 TMB½r 7¦ Ca RBH]TkbUCketßr .


eTIbykédTaMg 2 k,g;TwkehIysaceTAkñ úg

Gakas RBHBuT §RTg;manesckþIBüayameRcIn man

RBHkruNakñ úgeyIg RTg;TTYlehIy .

RBHsasþaRTg;RBHnamfabTumutþr³ RTg;Rbfab;

QrB§d¾Gakas RTg;RCabesckþIRtiHriHrbs;eyIg eTIb

)anRtas;RBHKafaTaMgenHfa .

edaykarfVayTwkenH nigedaykarekItbIti eK

nwgmineTAkan;TuKÁtieLIy Gs; 100>000 kb, .

bBiRtRBHGgÁCacmRbCa RTg;CaeCdæbursén

elak RTg;Gg;GacCagnrCn eRBaHkmµenaH ´RBHGgÁ

lHkarQñH nigkarcaj;ehIy seRmczan³Edlmin

jab;j½r .


esþccRkBtþi 3 dg RTg;RBHnamfa shsSraC

CacmRbCa RKb;RKgEpndI manmhasmuRTTaMg 4

-26- brmtßTIbnI Gdækfa xuT Þknikay efrKafa

CaRBMEdn .



kalRBHefr³seRmcRBHGrhtþehIy GgÁúyenAkñúgxÞmenaH Gñk

caMERsRtLb;mk sYrfa {nrNaenAkñúgxÞm?} RBHefr³)ansþab;dUecñaH

eTIbeBalBakümanCaGaTifa {PikçúenAkñúgxÞm} . Bakürbs;GñkcaMERs

nigrbs;RBHefr³enaH elakrYbrYmTukCaBYkCamYyKña ehIyelIkeLIg

kan;sgÁItiedayn½yy:agenHfa

¬GñkcaMERssYrfa¦ nrNaGgÁúyenAkñúgxÞm ¬RBH

efr³tbfa¦ Pikç úEdlR)ascakraK³ mancitþtaMgmaM

enAkñ úgxÞm GñkcUrd wgy:agenHcuH xÞmEdlGñksag

Tuk min\tRbeyaCn_eLIy .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa eka kudikayM ¬nrNaGgÁúyenAkñ úg

xÞm¦ CaBaküsYrrbs;GñkcaMERsfa nrNaGgÁúyenAkñúgxÞmenH . bT

fa Pikçú kudikayM ¬PikçúenAkñúgxÞm¦ CaBakütbrbs;RBHefr³CamYyGñk


caMERs . lMdab;enaH RBHefr³júaMgGñkcaMERs[GnuemaTnakñ úgkar

eRbIR)as;xÞm eRBaHxøÜnCaRBHTkçieNyübuKÁld¾RbesIr edIm,InwgeFVIbuNü

enaH[maMTaM»LareLIg eTIbeBalBaküCaedImfa vItraeKa ¬Pikç úEdl

R)ascakraK³¦ .

KafaenaHmann½ydUecñH PikçúGñkTmøaykiels)anehIymYyrUb

GgÁúyenAkñ úgxÞmrbs;Gñk eRBaHehtuenaHÉg Pikç úenaH eTIbeQµaHfa

GñkR)ascakraK³ eRBaHmanraK³EdldkecjehIy edayRbkarTaMg

BYg edaymKÁd¾RbesIr eQµaHfa susmahitcietþa ¬GñkmancitþtaMg

maM¦ eRBaHCaGñkmancitþtaMgmaMehIyedayl¥ edayeFVIRBHniBVan[Ca

GarmµN_ edaysmaFid¾kMBUl mñalGñkcaMERsd¾manGayu éBal

esckþIenHy:agNa GñkcUrdwg KW cUreCOy:agenaH cUrGñkputcak

TukçcuH .

GemaXa et kudika kta ¬xÞmEdlGñksagTuk minEmn\t

RbeyaCn_eLIy¦ KW xÞmEdlsagTuk minCaemaX³ min\tGMeBI man

Etpl eRBaHRBHGrhnþxINaRsB)aneRbIR)as; . ebIGñkGnuemaTna


RbkarenaHnwgRbRBwtþeTAedIm,ICaRbeyaCn_ nigedIm,IesckþIsux dl;

GñkGs;kalyUr .

GñkcaMERssþab;dUecñaHeTIbKitfa {CalaPrbs;eyIgehIyhñ+

eRBaHkñ úgxÞmrbs;eyIg manPikç úd UecñHcUleTAGgÁúy} k¾mancitþRCHføa

)anQrGnuemaTnaehIy .

k¾RBHmanRBHPaK RTg;sþab;BaküsnÞnarbs;RBHefr³ nigGñk

caMERsTaMgenaH edayTiBVesatFatu nigRTg;RCabkarGnuemaTnarbs;

GñkcaMERs kalnwgRTg;Rbkassm,tþi EdlGñkcaMERsnwg)anTTYl

eTIb)anRtas;nwgGñkcaMERsedayKafaTaMgenHfa

eRBaHplénPikçúGñkmancitþs¶b; minmanGasv³

enAkñúgxÞmrbs;GñkenaH Gñknwg)anCaesþceTvta esay

eTvsm,tþikñ úgBYkeTvta 36 dg nwg)anCaesþccRk-

Btþik ñ úgEdn 34 dg nwg)anCaRBHbec©kBuT§GñkR)as

cakraK³ namfa rtnkudi .

taMgGMBIenaHmk RBHefr³eTIb)annamfa kudiviharietßr eRBaHelak


)anKuNviesskñúgxÞm . KafaenHÉg )anCaKafaBüakrN_RBHGr-

htþplrbs;RBHefr³ dUecñHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa kudiviharietßrKafaTI 6

3

-3 0- brmtßTIbnI Gdækfa xuTÞknikay efrKafa

Gdðkza TutiykudiviharIezrKazaTI 7

[58] Gymahu buraNiya kudika

GBaØM btßyes nvM kudw

GasM kudiya viraCy Tukça Pikç ú bun nva kudIti .

xÞmenHCarbs;cas; kalebI GñkR)afñaxÞmfµIÉeTot

GñkcUrbeNþj nUvesckþIR)afñacMeBaHxÞmcas;ecj

mñalPikç ú xÞmfµ IeTot EtgnaMmknUvTukç .

RBHkudiv iharietßr .

Kafarbs;RBHkudiviharIefr³ epþImfa kudienHCakudicas; . erOg

ekIteLIgdUcemþc?

)anB¤fa elakCaGñkmancitþRCHføa )anfVaypøitEdlt,ajd¾

viciRtedayedImbbuscMeBaHRBHmanRBHPaK RBHnamfa bTumutþr³ kñúg

evlaekþA . RBHsasþaRTg;júaMgeK[rIkrayedayRBHKafaGnuema-

Tna . esckþId¾essk¾dUcKñanwgeBalehIykñúgerOgrbs;RBHGBa¢n-

vniyetßrenaHÉg. cMENkesckþIEbøkKñamandUecñH .

-31- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 6 Tutiykudiv iharIefrKafaTI 7

)anB¤fa RBHefr³enHbYsehIy edayn½ydUceBalehIy enA

kñúgkudicas;mYyxñg minKitnwgbMeBjsmNFm’ KitEtksagEtmü:ag

fa kudirbs;eyIgcas;ehIy eyIgKYreFV IkudixñgfµI . eTvtaGñkR)afña

RbeyaCn_dl;elak)aneBalKafaenH edIm,I[ekItesckþIsegVK Ca

Pasagay² EtmanGtßRCaleRCAfa

kudienHCakudicas; elakR)afñakudifµ IdéT k¾cUr

lHbg;esckþIR)afñakudifµ Iecj mñalPikç ú eRBaHkudifµ I

EtgnaMTukçmk[ .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa GyM CaBaküR)ab;vtßúenAq¶ay . bTfa

Gahu mann½yfa manehIy edIm,I[RsÜlkñúgkarRbB½n§Kafa elak

eTIbeFVI[CaTIX³ .

bTfa buraNiya ¬cas;¦ esckþIfa manmkkñúgkalmun KW

manmkyUrehIy .

bTfa GBaØM btßyes nvM kud i w ¬elakR)afñakudifµ Ix ñgdéT¦

esckþIfa elakR)afña KW bMNg )andl; karcg;)annUvkudieQµaHfa


déTGMBIxñgenH eRBaHkudienHRTúDeRTamedayPaBCarbs;cas; eQµaHfa

kudifµI eRBaHCakudiEdlnwgKb,I[ekItkñúgkal\LÚvenH . elakcUrlH

esckþIR)afñakñúgkudiecjTaMgGs;edayGakarTaMgBYg KW cUrrMsaykar

R)afña KW cMNg; )andl; karsmøwgrMéBkñúgkudifµ I dUckñúgkudicas;pg

CaGñkmancitþR)ascakesckþIR)afñakñúgkudifµ IenaHedayRbkarTaMgBYg .

eRBaHehtuGVI? eRBaHkudifµIrEmgnaMTukçmk[ GFib,ayfa EnPikçú eRBaH

kudiEdleQµaHfafµ I KW nwgKb,I[ekItkñ úgkal\LÚvenH eQµaHfa Ca

Tukç eRBaHnaMTukçmk[dUecñaH elakkuMeFVITukçfµ Iy:agdéT[ekIt enAkñ úg

kudicas;enaHÉg tamEdlmanehIy cUreFV Ikic©EdlxøÜnKYreFV I .

k¾kñ úgKafaenHmanGFib,aydUecñH mñalPikç ú elakKitfa {kudi

EdlRbk;edayesµAxñgenHRTúDeRTam} eTIbR)afñanwgsagkudiEdlRbk;

edayesµAfµ IxñgdéT minbMeBjsmNFm’ k¾kalelakR)afñay:agenH

eQµaHfa enAR)afñakudi KW GtþPaBteTA eRBaHminrYcputGMBIkarekIt

kñúgPBfµIeTot edaymin)anxVl;xVaykñúgPavna eTIbeQµaHfa enAR)afña

edIm,InwgsagteTAeTot . k¾kudi KW GtþPaBenaH eRbóbdUcCakudiEdl

-33- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 6 Tutiykudiv iharIefrKafaTI 7

Rbk;edayesµAxñgfµIeTot eQµaHfa CaTukç eRBaHCab;CamYyTukçepSg²

manCra mrN³ esak³ nigbrieTv³CaedIm éRkElgCagTukçkñ úgkar

sagkudi eRBaHRtÚvlM)akkñ úgkareFV I eRBaHdUecñaH elakcUrrMsay

esckþIR)afña karsmøwgrMéBkñ úgkudi KW GtþPaB dUcCarMsayesckþI

R)afñakñ úgkarsagkudiesµAdUecñaH KW cUrCaGñkmancitþR)ascakteRmk

kñúgGtþPaBenaHedayRbkarTaMgBYg vdþTukçnwgminmandl;elakeday

Gakary:agenH .

k¾RBHefr³sþab;Bakürbs;eTvtaehIy ekItesckþIsegVK epþ Im

taMgvibsSna RbwgERbgBüayam k¾)antaMgenAkñúgRBHGrhtþpl kñúg

kalminyUr .

smdUcBaküEdlelakeBalTukkñ úgGbTanfa¬1¦

kalRBHBuT§RBHnamfa bTumutþr³ CaeCdæburs

énelak CataTibuKÁl CaGñks¶b;rm¶ab; CaGñknwgFwg

Rbfab;elIkRmaleFVIedayesµA .

eyIgykpáabbusRkgCapøit ehIybeg¥anfVay

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 8¦ Ca RBHnLmaliyetßr .

-34- brmtßTIbnI Gdækfa x uTÞknikay efrKafa

cMeBaHRBHBuT§ CacmRbCa CataTibuKÁl .

RBHsBVBaØ Ú CaGñknaMénelak RTg;TTYlpøit

ehIy RTg;RCabesckþIRtiHriHrbs;eyIg )anRtas;

RBHKafaenHfa .

kayrbs;eyIgrlt; ¬ekþA¦ esckþIekþAminman

y:agNa citþrbs;GñkcUrrYcputcakKMnrePø Ig 3 kg

dUecñaH .

eTvtaBYkxøHEdlGaRs½yedImeQI mkRbCuMKña

TaMgGs; edaybMNgfa nwg)ansþab;RBHBuT§vcn³

EdljúaMgTayk[eRtkGr .

RBHd¾manRBHPaKRbfab;enAkñ úgTIenaH Ehhm

edayBYkeTvta kalnwgRTg;júaMgTayk[rIkray eTIb

)anRtas;RBHKafaTaMgenHfa .

edaykarfVaypøitenH nigedaykartaMgcitþTuk

maM buKÁlenHnwg)anCaesþccRkBtþi RTg;RBHnamfa

-3 5- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 6 Tutiykudiv iharIefrKafaTI 7

suBVt³ .

edaykmµd¾essenaH buKÁlenHEdlkusl

mUldas;etOnehIy nwg)anCaesþccRkBtþi RTg;RBH

namfa malut³ .

edaykarfVaypøitenH nigedaykarrab;Gand¾

sm,Úr buKÁlenHnwgmincUldl;TuKÁtikñ úgEsnkb, .

kñúgkb,TI 30>000 nwg)anCaesþccRkBtþi

38 dg RTg;RBHnamfa suBVt³ kñúgkb,TI 29>000

nwg)anCaesþccRkBtþi 8 dgeTot RTg;RBHnamfa

malut³ .



RBHefr³kaltaMgenAkñúgRBHGrhtþplehIy )aneBalKafa

enaHÉgdEdleTotfa {KafaenHCakegVr EdleFVI[eyIgseRmcRBH

Grhtþpl} . k¾KafaenaHÉg )anCaKafaBüakrN_RBHGrhtþplrbs;


RBHefr³ . k¾RBHefr³enaH )annamfa kudiv iharietßr eRBaHelak)an

KuNviess edayBaküTUnµanTak;Tgnwgkudi dUecñHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa Tutiykudiv iharietßrKafaTI 7

3

-37- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 6 rmNIykudikefrKafaTI 8

Gdðkza rmNIykudiketærKazaTI 8

[59] rmNIya em kudika sT§aeTyüa menarma

n em Getßa kumarIhi eysM Getßa thw Kcäf narieyati .

xÞmrbs;ÉdleK[edaysT§a CaxÞmKYrr Ikray CaTI

eRtkGréncitþ ´minmanesckþIRtÚvkaredaykumarITaMg

LayeT BYkCnNa manesckþIRtÚvkar cUrnarITaMgLay

eTAkñ úgTIenaH ¬rbs;BYkCnenaH¦ cuH .

Kafarbs;RBHrmNIykudikefr³ epþImfa kudirbs;eyIgKYrrIkray

eBjcitþ . erOgekIteLIgdUcemþc?

)anB¤fa RBHefr³GgÁenaH k¾)aneFVIkarsabeRBaHBUC KW kusl

Tukkñ úgkalénRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa bTumutþr³ Rtac;rgÁat;eTAkñ úg

eTvta nigmnusSTaMgLay . kñúgkalénRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa

GtßTsSI kñ úgTIbMputénkb,TI 1>800 GMBIPTÞkb,enH )anekItkñ úgpÞH

manRtkUl eBldwgkþIehIy )anfVayGasn³EdlsmKYrdl;RBHBuT§

nigbUCaRBHmanRBHPaKedaypáaeQITaMgLay fVaybgÁMedaybBa©gÁ-


Rbtisßan eFV IRbTkSiNehIyecosecjeTA . esckþId ¾essdUc)an

eBalehIykñúgerOgrbs;RBHGBa¢nvniyetßrenaHÉg . ÉGtßEdlEbøk

KñamandUecñH .

)anB¤fa RBHefr³enHbYsedayn½ydUceBalehIy eFV IbuBVkic©

ehIy enAkñúgkudinavtþCitRsúkmYy kñúgEdnvC¢I . kudienaHCakudid¾s¥at

KYremIl KYrRCHføa manCBa¢aMg nigépÞtak;Etgerobry bribUN’eday

TsSnIyPaB mancMENkKYrmenarmü nigRsHe)akçrNIKYrCaTIrIkray

CaedIm manPUmiPaKedrdaseTAedayxSac;RsedógEkvmutþa CasßanTI

KYrrIkrayéRkElg manTIlane)assMGatl¥ehIyCaedIm eRBaHRBH

efr³CaGñksm,Úredayvtþ . RBHefr³enAkñúgkudienaH epþImtaMgvibsSna

ehIyseRmcRBHGrhtþkñ úgevlaminyUr .


´RBHGgÁcUlkan;éRB s¶at;sMeLg minvwkvr

)anfVaysIhasn³ cMeBaHRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 10¦ Ca RBHGasnubdæayketßr .


GtßTsSI CataTibuKÁl .

´RBHGgÁkan;ykpáaeQImYykþab; ehIyeFVIRb-

TkSiNRBHGgÁ ´Kal;RBHsasþaehIy EbrmuxeTA

kan;TisxageCIg .

bBiRtRBHGgÁCaFMCagRbCa RTg;CaeCdæburs

énelak CaGñkGg;GacCagnrCn eRBaHkmµenaH ´

RBHGgÁjúaMgxøÜn[rlt;sñiT §ehIy dkPB)anTaMgGs;

ehIy .

kñúgkb,TI 1>800 ´RBHGgÁ)anfVayTanNa

kñúgRKaenaH eRBaHkmµenaH ´RBHGgÁminEdlsÁal;

TuKÁtieLIy enHCaplénkarfVaysIhasn³ .

kñúgkb,TI 700 GMBIPTÞkb,enH ´RBHGgÁ)an

CaesþccRkBtþi CaFMCagkSRt RTg;RBHnamfa snñi-

BVabk³ bribUN’edayEkv 7 Rbkar manBlanuPaB

eRcIn .




RBHefr³kalseRmcRBHGrhtþehIysñak;enAkñ úgkudienaH Cn

GñkeBjcitþkñúgviharmkGMBITIepSg² rIkraykñúgkudienaH eRBaHkudienaH

KYrrIkray .

kñúgéf¶mYy BYk®sþIEdlmannisS½yCaGñkelg 2-3 nak; eTA

kan;kudienaH eXIjkudienaHKYrCaTIrIkray eTIbeBalfa {bBiRtelak

m©as;d¾ceRmIn TIenArbs;elakm©as;KYrrIkray BYknag´TaMgLay k¾

manrUbragKYrrIkray enAkñúgv½yRkmuM} edaymanbMNgfa {RBHefr³

EdlenAkñúgkudirUbenH GacRtÚvBYkeyIgcab;ykebHdUgmk)an eTIbepþIm

sEmþgGakarepSg² manmayaRsICaedIm . RBHefr³kalnwgRbkas

[dwgfa elakR)ascakraK³ehIy eTIb)aneBalKafaenHfa

kudirbs;eyIgKYrr IkrayeBjcitþ CakudiEdl

TaykfVayedaysT§a nageGIy eyIgminRtÚvkarekµg

RsI CnBYkNamanesckþIRtÚvkar nagTaMgLaycUreTAkñúg


sMNak;rbs;CnTaMgenaHcuH .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa rmNIya em kudika ¬kudirbs;eyIg

KYrrIkray¦ esckþIfa BaküEdlBYknageBalfa {bBiRtelakm©as;

kudirbs;elakKYrrIkray} enaH CaesckþIBit . kudiCaTIenArbs;eyIg

enH KYrrIkrayKYreBjcitþ k¾kudienHÉg sT§aeTyüa ¬CakudiEdlTayk

fVayedaysT§a¦ . KW EdleQµaHfa fVayedaysT§a eRBaHeKeCO

kmµ nigplénkmµfa {plenHekIteLIg eRBaHeFV Ivtß úEdlKYreBjcitþ

dUecñH ehIyfVaydl;bBVCit} ehIyfVayedaysT§a KW edayesckþI

eBjcitþkñ úgFm’ min)an[sagedayRTBü . kudieQµaHfa menarma

¬eBjcitþ¦ eRBaHeFV Icitþrbs;GñkEdleXIjvtßúfVayedaysT§a Edl

fVayehIyy:agenaH [eRtkGrÉg nigeFVIcitþrbs;GñkeRbIR)as;[

eRtkGreTotpg .

GFib,ayfa k¾kudieQµaHfa KYreBjcitþ eRBaHCarbs;EdleK

fVayedaysT§aenaHÉg KW Taykcat;EcgeTyüFm’edayesckþIeKarB

fVayedaysT§aCaedIm nigsb,úrsEdleRbIR)as;vtßúEdlTaykfVay


edaysT§a rEmgCaGñksm,ÚredaybeyaKsm,tþi nigGasysm,tþi

mineFV I[TaykxusbMNg minEmnR)ascakbeyaKsm,tþi nigGa-

sysm,tþi dUcnagTaMgLayKit .

bTfa n em Getßa kumarIhi ¬eyIgminRtÚvkarekµgRsI¦ esckþI

fa eRBaHehtuEdleyIgmancitþR)ascakGMBIkamTaMgLayedayRbkar

TaMgBYg dUecñaH eTIbeyIgminmanesckþIRtÚvkarekµgRsITaMgLay .

GFib,ayfa EdleQµaHfa RsITaMgLay minmanRbeyaCn_

sRmab;CndUcCaeyIg sUm,IRtwmEteFVInaTIdUcCakb,iykark³ nwgcaM

)ac;eBalfVIdl;kareRtkGrkñúgraK³ eRBaHdUecñaH eyIgeTIbminRtÚvkar

edayekµgRsI . k¾ kumarI sBÞ kñ úgKafaenH Kb,IeXIjfa CaBakü

R)ab;GtßkM)aMg . RBHefr³kalnwgsEmþgfa {kiriyay:agenH Gacnwg

s¥atcMeBaHmuxrbs;GñkEdlmanGFüaRs½ydUcBYknag GñkeFVIkmµEdl

minsmKYr edayKitfa RtÚvbdibtþ iy:agenH ¬EtmkeFV I¦ kñ úgsmñak;

rbs;CndUcCaeyIg rhUtekItkarxusPøat;eLIg} eTIbeBalfa eysM

Getßa thw Kcäf narieya ¬CnBYkNamanesckþIRtÚvkar nagTaMgLay


cUreTAkñ úgsmñak;rbs;CnTaMgenaHcuH¦ .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa eysM ¬CnBYkNa¦ )andl; rbs;

CnEdlminTan;R)ascakesckþIeRtkGrkñ úgkamTaMgLay .

bTfa Getßa ¬esckþIRtÚvkar¦ )andl; RbeyaCn_ .

bTfa thw ¬kñ úgsmñak;¦ )andl; kñ úgTIenH KW smñak;rbs;

CnTaMgenaH .

bTfa narieya ¬nageGIy¦ CaGalbn³ .

®sþITaMgLaysþab;BaküCaKafaenaHehIy k¾xµaseGon manmux

»ncuH eKcecjeTAtampøÚvEdlmkehIyenaHÉg .

k¾bTfa eyIgminRtÚvkarekµgRsI kñ úgKafaenH Kb,IRCabfa

CaBaküEdlRBHefr³BüakrN_RBHGrhtþpl eRBaHR)ab;[dwgfa elak

minRtÚvkaredaykamTaMgLayeToteLIy .

cb;Gdækfa rmNIykudiketßrKafaTI 8

3


Gdðkza ekasløvihariezrKazaTI 9

[60] sT§ayahM bBVCieta GreBaØ em kudika kta

Gb,metþa c GatabI sm,Caena btisSetati .

´bYsedaysT§a xÞmtUc´)aneFV IT ukkñ úgéRBehIy ´min

RbmaT manBüayamd¾twgrwg manstix¢ab;x¢ Ün mankar

dwgxø ÜnCak;lak; .

RBHekasløviharietßr .

Kafarbs;RBHekasløviharietßr epþImfa eyIgbYsedaysT§a .

erOgekIteLIgdUcemþc?

sUm,IRBHefr³enH k¾sabeRBaHBUC KW kuslTukkñ úgkalén

RBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa bTumutþr³ )aneFVIbuNüenaH² Tuk .

erOg d¾essk¾dUcKñanwgerOgrbs;RBHGBa¢nvniyetßrenaHÉg .

ÉesckþIEbøk KñamandUecñH .

)anB¤fa RBHefr³enHbYs edayn½ydUceBalehIy eFVIbuBVkic©

eRscehIy enAkñ úgéRB edayGaRs½yRtkUlrbs;])askmñak; kñ úg

-45- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 6 ekasløviharIefrKafaTI 9

RsúkmYy kñúgEdnekasl . ])askenaHeXIjRBHefr³enARtg;Kl;

eQI eTIbsagkudifVay . RBHefr³enAkñúgkudi )ansmaFi eRBaHman

TIenACaTIsb,ay xVl;xVaykñúgvibsSna k¾seRmcRBHGrhtþkñúgevla

minyUr .


eyIgenAelIkRmalsøwkeQI kñúgTIminq¶ayGMBI

PñMhimBanþ kñúgRKaenaH ¬ebI¦ eyIgR)afñaGahar eyIg

elµaPnwgedk .

eyIgkMBugCIkemImdMLÚgCVa nigdMLÚgvløipg

dMLÚgédxøa nigdMLÚgRCÚkpg mkTuk eyIgnaMmknUv

EpøBuRTa EpøRkxub nigEpøeBñA mkcat;EcgehIy .

RBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa bTumutþr³ RTg;dwg

c,as;elak RTg;smKYrTTYleRKÓgbUCa RTg;RCab

esckþIRtiHr iHrbs;eyIgehIy esþck¾mkkan;smñak;

1¦ GbTan ¬bdkelx 73 TMB½r 11¦ Ca RBHBiLaliTayketßr .


eyIg .

eyIg)aneXIjRBHGgÁCamhanaK RbesIrCag

eTvta RTg;CaGñkGg;GacCagnrCn esþcyagmkdl;

eTIbkan;ykdMLÚgédxøadak;cuHkñ úg)aRt .

kñúgRKaenaH RBHsBVBaØ ÚmhavIr³ RTg;n wgjúa Mg

eyIg[eRtkGr eTIbesay RKaesayeRscehIy

)anRtas;RBHKafaenHfa

Gñkjúa Mgcitþ[RCHføaehIy )anfVaydMLÚgéd

xøadl;tfaKt GñknwgmincUldl;TuKÁtiGs; 100>000

kb, .

citþdYgcugeRkayrbs;eyIg kMBg;RbRBwtþeTA

eyIgdkecjnUvPB)anTaMgGs;ehIy eyIgRTRTg;

kayEdlCaPBcugeRkay TukkñúgsasnaénRBHsmµa-

sm<úT § .

kñ úgkb,TI 54 GMBIPTÞkb,enH eyIg)anCa

-47- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 6 ekasløviharIefrKafaTI 9

esþccRkBtþiRTg;RBHnamfa suemxliy³ bribUN’

edayEkv 7 Rbkar manBlanuPaBeRcIn .



kalelakseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy kalnwgbnøW]Tan eday

kmøaMgénbItiEdlekIteLIgeRBaHvimutþ isux eTIb)anKafaenHfa

eyIgbYsedaysT§a eyIgsagkudiTukkñ úgéRB

eyIgCaGñkminRbmaT manesckþIBüayam mansti

mansm,CBaØ³ .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa sT§ay ¬edaysT§a¦ esckþIfa eyIg

eXIjGanuPaBkñúgkaresþcyagmkdl;RkúgevsalIénRBHmanRBHPaK

eTIbbYs KW cUldl;ePTbBVC¢a edayGMNacénsT§aEdlekIteLIgfa

{sasnaenH naMstVecjcakTukç edaycMENkmYy eRBaHdUecñaH eyIg

nwgrYcputcakCra nigmrN³)an edayvtþbdibtþ ienHedayBit} .

edaybTfa GreBaØ em kudika kta ¬eyIgsagkudiTukkñúgéRB¦


enH RBHefr³sEmþgfa eyIgenAkñúgéRB sagkudiTuk edaysmKYrdl;

ePTbBVC¢a eRBaHehtuenaH elakeTIbeBalfa Gb,metþa c GatabI

sm,Caena btisSeta ¬eyIgCaGñkminRbmaT manesckþIBüayam

mansti mansm,CBaØ³¦ .

RBHefr³ kalxVl;xVaykñúgFm’CaeRKÓgPJak; edaykayvievk

Edl)anGMBIkarenAkñúgéRB eTIbeQµaHfa CaGñkminRbmaTehIy eday

karminenAR)ascakstikñúgéRBenaH . eQµaHfa manesckþIBüayam

eRBaHmanesckþIBüayamEdlR)arB§ehIy ceRmInvibsSna edayeFVIsti

nigsm,CBaØ³EdlCacMENkxagedIm[bribUN’ eQµaHfa CaGñkmansti

mansm,CBaØ³ enAEtmü:agedayBit eRBaHdl;PaBsm,ÚredaybBaØa

nigsti edayseRmcRBHGrhtþpl .

k¾KafaenHÉg )anCakarBüakrN_RBHGrhtþplrbs;RBHefr³

eRBaHRbkasPaBCaGñkminRbmaTCaedIm nigeRBaHehtuEdlelakenA

kñúgEdnekaslGs;kalCayUr eTIbmansmBaØanamfa ekasløviha-

rietßr dUecñHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa ekasløviharietßrKafaTI 9 3

-49- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 6 sIvlIefrKafaTI 10

Gdðkza sIvliezrKazaTI 10

[61] et em \CÄwsu sgáb,a yTetßa )avisw kudw

viC¢av imutþ w bec©sSM mananusymuC¢hnþi .

sgáb,Fm’TaMgenaH ¬manenkçmµsgáb,³CaedIm¦ seRmc

ehIydl;´ ´manesckþIRtÚvkarnwgcUleTAkan;xÞm Edl

CaxÞmnaM[´)andl;nUvviC¢a nigvimutþ i lHbg;n Uvmana-

nus½y .

RBHsIvlietßr .

Kafarbs;RBHsIvlietßr manBaküepþImfa eyIgcUleTAkan;kudi

edIm,IRtÚvkarvtß úNa . erOgekIteLIgdUcemþc?

kñúgkalRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa bTumutþr³ sUm,IRBHefr³enH

k¾eTAkan;vihar edayn½ydUceBalmkGMBImunehIy Qrsþab;Fm’enA

xagcugbris½T eXIjRBHsasþaRTg;EtgtaMgPikçúmYyrUbTukkñúgtMENg

énPikç úRbesIrCagPikçúTaMgLayxagmanlaP Kitfa {kñ úgGnaKtkal

sUm,IeyIgk¾KYrCabuKÁldUecñH} ehIynimnþRBHTsBl fVaymhaTan


cMeBaHRBHbrmsasþaRBmTaMgPikçúsgÇGs; 7 éf¶ ehIytaMgesckþI

R)afñafa {bBiRtRBHmanRBHPaK edaykareFV IGFikarenH ´RBHGgÁmin

R)afñasm,tþidéTeLIy EtkñúgGnaKtkal sUm[´RBHGgÁKb,ICabuKÁl

RbesIrCagPikçúTaMgLayxagmanlaP dUcPikçúEdlRBHGgÁRTg;taMgEtg

Tukkñ úgÉtTKÁ³enHpgcuH} .

RBHsasþaRTg;eXIjesckþIR)afñaminmanGVIraraMg eTIbRTg;Büa-

krN_fa {esckþIR)afñarbs;Gñk nwgseRmckñúgsmñak;énRBHBuT§RTg;

RBHnamfa eKatm³} ehIyesþcecosecjeTA . sUm,IkulbutþenaH

k¾eFVIkuslrhUtGs;CIvit Rtac;rgÁat;eTAkñúgeTvta nigmnusSTaMgLay

kñúgkalénRBHBuT§RBHnamfa vibsSI bdisn§ikñúgRsúkmYy minq¶ayGMBI

RkúgBn§úmtI . kñúgsm½yenaH GñkRkúgBn§úmtIdeNþImKñaCamYyRBHraCa

fVayTancMeBaHRBHTsBl . éf¶mYy GñkRkúgTaMgGs;enaHrYmcitþKña

fVayTan niyayKñafa {GVIhñ +EdlminmankñúgTanviFIrbs;BYkeyIg}

ehIymineXIjsárGMeBA nigTwkedaHCUr . CnTaMgenaHeTIbeBalfa

{BYkeyIgnwgrkmkGMBITINamYy} ehIycat;mnusSTukRtg;pøÚvcUlRkúg


EdlmkBICnbT . RKaenaH kulbutþenaH kan;yksárGMeBA nigqñaMg

TwkedaHCUrmkGMBIRsúkrbs;xøÜn Kitfa {eyIgnwgrkrbs;xøH ¬Cab;éd¦

eTAvij} kMBugedIrcUlRkúg Kitfa {eyIgnwglagmux lagédlageCIg

ehIyswmcUleTA} xN³EdlsmøwgemIlTIEdlgayRsÜl ¬kñ úgkar

lagmux¦ eXIjsm,úkXµú MEdlR)ascakemb:unyamngÁ½l )anKitfa

{sm,úkXµú MenHekItdl;eyIgedaybuNü} eTIbykehIy cUleTAkan;

Rkúg . bursEdlCaGñkRkúg[caM )aneXIjeK eTIbsYrfa {EnGñkd¾ceRmIn

elaknaMrbs;enHeTA[nrNa} eKeqøIyfa {bBiRtnay eyIgmin)annaM

rbs;enH[nrNaeLIy EtnaMmklk;} . bursenaHeTIbeBalfa {En

Gñkd¾ceRmIn ebIdUecñaH elakcUrTTYlkhabN³enHeTA ehIylk;

TwkXµú M nigsárGMeBA[eyIg} eKKitfa {rbs;enHmantémømineRcIn Et

bursenH[témøeRcIn eday[témøéfø KYreyIgnwgKitemIl} . lMdab;

enaH eTIbeKniyaynwgbursenaHfa {eyIgminlk;edaytémøkhabN³

mYy} . bursenaHeBalfa {ebIdUecñaH cUrTTYlyk 2 khabN³

ehIy[rbs;mk} . sUm,I 2 khabN³eKk¾minlk; . eday])ay


enH bursenaHdMeLIgéførhUtdl; 1>000 khabN³ .

eKKitfa {rbs;enHminKYrnwgmantémøeRcIn eNðIycuH eyIgnwg

sYrdl;kic©karEdleKRtÚveFVIedayrbs;enH} . lMdab;enaH eKeTIbsYr

bursenaHfa {rbs;enHmantémømineRcIn Etelak[témøeRcIn elak

nwgTijrbs;enHeTAeFVIGV I?} bursenaHeqø Iyfa {Gñkd¾ceRmIn GñkRkúg

kñúgnKrenHdeNþImKañCamYyRBHraCa fVayTandl;RBHTsBlRTg;RBH

namfa vibsSI minmanrbs; 2 y:agenH kñúgTanviFI eTIbEsVgrk

ebImin)anrbs; 2 y:agenHeT GñkRkúgnwgcaj; eRBaHdUecñaH éTIb

[témørhUt 1>000 khabN³ . eKsYrfa {k¾TanenHGñkRkúgb:ueNÑaH

b¤eFVI)an GñkdéTeFV Imin)anb¤?} bursenaHeqø Iyfa {TanenHnrNa²

nwgfVayk¾)an minmankarham} . eKsYrfa {kñ úgkarfVayTanrbs;

GñkRkúgmanGñk[RTBüdl; 1>000 khabN³kñúgmYyéf¶Edrb¤?} min

maneTsmøaj;} {k¾elakdwgfa rbs; 2 y:agenH mantémødl;eTA

1>000 khabN³minEmnb¤?} {EmnehIy ´dwg} . {ebIdUecñaH elak

cUreTA cUrR)ab;dl;GñkRkúgTaMgLayfa bursmñak;minRBmlk;rbs; 2


y:agenHCaR)ak; bMNgnwgfVayedayédrbs;xøÜnb:ueNÑaH BYkGñkk¾nwg

Gs;kgVl; eRBaHehtuénrbs; 2 y:agenH EtelakcUrR)ab;fa eyIg

CaRbFankñúgTanenH} . eKTijeRKÓghwr 5 y:ag edaymask³Edl

dak;kñ úgfñk; edIm,ICaes,ógedIrpø Úv ehIybuk[l¥it dak;TwkedaHCUr

Rc)ac;TwkXMµ úcUleTAkñúgTwkedaHCUrenaH pSMCamYyeRKÓghwrEdlbukm:dæ

dak;kñ úgswøkQUkmYy erobcMp© itp©g;swøkQUkenaH kan;eTAGgÁúykñúg

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mhaCnnaMKñaeRtkGr eTIbbBa¢ ÚndMNwgdl;RBHraCa .

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CaGñkdl;eRtIy Gñksmøwg ¬Qan¦ CaGñkminjab;

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eRBaHminRbkan; faCaRBahµN_ .


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sIvlIsameNreBalfa {elakm©as; Par³rbs;elakm©as; KW [´

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enAkñúgesatabtþipl kñúgxN³ekarsk;kaMbitdMbUgenaHÉg taMgenAkñúg

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kñúgxN³ekarsk;kaMbitTI 3 karsk;ehIyeRsc nigkareFV I[Cak;

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tamesckIþRtÚvkar . kñúgTIenH manRbvtiþxagedImdUceBalmkenH .

kñúgevlatmk RBHsasþaesþc)anyageTAkan;Rkúgsavtß I .

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nigCYbPñ Mervt³CaelIkTI 8 .

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kEnøg dUecñHÉg .

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FøaykñúgbdismÖiTa )annUvGPiBaØa 6 .


kñúgRKaenaH eyIgCaeTvraCmannamfa vruN³

RBmeRBógedayyan BlTahan nigBahn³ )an

TMnukbMrugRBHsmµasm<úT § .

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kalRBHelaknafRTg;RBHnamfa GtßTsSI Gñk

]tþmCagRbCa esþcniBVanehIy eyIg)annaMykt®nþI

TaMgBYgeTARbKu Mc MeBaHedImeBaFid¾]tþm .

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edImeBaFiRBwkSd¾RbesIr edaykarRbKM nigkarraM dUc

CakarbeRmIRBHsm<úT §kñ úgTIcMeBaHRBHP®kþ .

RKabeRmIeBaFiRBwkSEdlduHeLIgRtg;EpndIenaH

ehIy )anGgÁúyBt;EPñn ehIyeFV Ikalkir iyaRtg;TI

enaHÉg .

eyIgR)arB§dl;kmµrbs;xø Ün RCHføakñ úgeBaFi-

RBwkSd¾]tþm edaycitþEdlRCHføaenaH k¾)an]b,tþ i

kñ úgCan;nimµanrtI .

t®nþ I 60>000 EtgEhhmeyIgEdleTAekIt

kñúgPBtUcPBFM TaMgkñúgmnusS nigeTvtaRKb;kal .

ePøIg 3 kg rbs;eyIgrlt;ehIy PBTaMgBYg


eyIgdk)anehIy eyIgtmál;ragkayEdlCaPBcug

eRkay enAkñúgsasnarbs;RBHsmµasm<úT § .

kñ úgkb,TI 500 GMBIPTÞkb,enH eyIg)anCa

esþccRkBtþi 34 dg RTg;RBHnamfa suBahu bri-

bUN’edayEkv 7 Rbkar .



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eyIgEsVgrkviC¢a nigvimutþi )andknUvmananus½yehIy

esckþIRtiHr iHTaMgenaHseRmcehIydl;eyIg .

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rbs;eyIgehIyRKb;Rbkar kñúgkal\LÚvenH . GFib,ayfa CaGñk

manesckþIRtiHriHEdlCakuslseRmcehIy KW manmenarfbribUN’

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seRmcehIy . GFib,ayfa kallHmananus½y)anehIy Gnus½y

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eFV I[CaehtuénesckþIseRmcrbs;karRtiHriHtamEdleBalehIy .

cb;Gdækfa sIlvlietßrKafaTI 10

3

cb;Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 6 kñúgvKÁenHrYmmanRBHefr³ 10 rUb KW

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dUecñHÉg .

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Gdðkza Ékni:t

vK<TI 7

Gdðkza vb|ezrKazaTI 1

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G b sS enþa G b sS nþM bsSnþBa© n bsStIti .

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Kña¦ pg eXIjBal GñkmineXIjpg ÉBalGñkmin

eXIj rEmgmineXIjBal EdlmineXIjpg ¬pgKña¦

pg nUvbNÐitGñkeXIjpg .

RBHvb,etßr .

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nigGñkmineXIj¦ . erOgekIteLIgdUcemþc? .

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éRB\sibtn³ .

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CaedIm kñ úgtifiTI 5 énbkç .


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sMeLgKwkkg)anRbRBwtþeTA .

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nUvelak smKYrTTYleRKÓgbUCa Rbfab;QrenAkñ úg

Gakas RTg;júa MgmhaCn[ekItsegVK .

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eTvtaTaMgBYgmancitþeRtkGr k¾edaHGaveRkaH

nigdak;GavuFcuH manTwkcitþEtmYy fVaybgÁMRBHsmµa-

sm<úT §kñ úgxN³enaH .

RBHsasþaRTg;GnueRKaH RTg;dwgc,as;nUvelak

RTg;RCabesckþIRtiHr iHrbs;éhIy RTg;bnø WRBHvaca

d¾Gg;Gac ¬GasPivaca¦ RTg;júaMgmhaCn[RtCak;

citþfa

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RbTUsr:ayenaH

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KñaeLIy .

sUm,IBYkesnarbs;esþcykSTaMg 2 k¾)an

s¶b;swk dl;RBHelakeCdæ CataTibuKÁld¾l¥ Ca


srN³ .

cMENkRBHsasþaRTg;manRBHckçú RTg;júaMgBYk

Cn[RtCak; EdleTvtaTaMgLaysmøwgehIy RTg;

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RtLb;eTA .

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taTibuKÁl CasrN³munnrNa² eyIgminEdlcUl

dl;TuKÁtieLIyGs; 100>000 kb, .

kñúgkb,TI 30>000 GMBIPTÞkb,enH eyIg)an

CaesþccRkBtþi 16 dg RTg;RBHnamfa mhaTunÞPi

nigRTg;RBHnamfa refsP³ .



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eTIb)aneBalKafafa

GñkeXIjrEmgeXIjTaMgGñkeXIj nigGñkmin

eXIj GñkmineXIj rEmgmineXIjTaMgGñkmineXIj

nigGñkeXIj .

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esckþIfa buKÁl eQµaHfa GñkeXIj eRBaHeXIj KW dwg )andl;

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3

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]bmaenHk¾dUecñaH .

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bribUN’edayEkv 7 Rbkar manBlanuPaBeRcIn .



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mnsS pÁgGBa¢lI eFV I[mnusSTaMgenaHekItbIti naM

esckþIsuxkñ úgbc© úb,nñmk[ .

eyIgTUlGgVrRBHsmµasm<úT § nigfVaybgÁMRBH

GgÁRTg;manvtþl¥ k¾júa Mg)aemaC¢³[ekIteLIgehIy

RtLb;eTAkan;TIenArbs;xøÜn .

RKaRtLb;eTAkan;TIenAehIy enArBJkdl;RBH

BuT§RTg;RbesIrbMput edaycitþEdlRCHføaenaH eyIg

)ancUldl;sYK’Can;tusit .


BuT§ edaypáaeQINa eRBaHkmµenaH eyIgminEdl

sÁal;TuKÁtieLIy enHCaplénBuT§bUCa .


cRkBtþiraC 16 dg RTg;RBHnamfa enmisimµt³


manBlanuPaBeRcIn .



RBHefr³luHseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy kalnwgBüakrN_RBHGr-

htþpl edayGagdl;RBHGrhtþpl )aneBalKafaenHfa

Pikç úGñkekItGMBIRsI EdleQµaHfa Tum³ ekIt

eRBaHRBH)aTbNÐrektu CaGñkdak;Tg;cuHehIy km©at;

Tg;FMedayTg; enaHÉg .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa Tumvðyay ¬RsIEdleQµaHTum³¦

)andl; RsIEdleKehAfa Tum³ KW Gm<³ GFib,ayfa cakRsIeQµaH

fa Gm<)alI . k¾bTfa Tumvðyay enH CastþmIviPtþi cuHkñ úg

GaFar³ . bTfa ]b,enña ¬ekIt¦ esckþIfa ekItehIy nigcUldl;

kñ úgépÞrbs;nagGm<)alIenaH .

bTfa Caeta bNÐrektuna ¬ekIteRBaHRBH)aTbNÐrektu¦ )an

dl; ekIteRBaHRBH)aTBim< isar EdleKdwgfa bNÐrektu ¬raCnüGñk


manesVtq½Rt¦ Caehtu GFib,ayfa GaRs½yRBH)aTBim<isarenaHekIt

mk .

mü:ageTot bTfa ]b,enña ¬ekIt¦ CaBaküsEmþgdl;karekIt

RKadMbUg . k¾tGMBIenaH manBaküfa Caeta ¬ekIt¦ sEmþgdl;kar

ekIt . GFib,ayfa cab;epþImBIevlaRbsUt ehAfa ekItehIykñúg

elak . k¾kñ úgKafaenH elaknaMecjnUvkarelIkxø ÜnedaybTfaenH

fa Tumvðyay ]b,enña nigsEmþgfa sUm,Ibutþrbs;RsIEdlmansVamI

eRcInnak; k¾GacseRmcKuNviess)an . elaknaMecjnUvkarRKb

sgát;elakedayR)ab;fa bitaCaGñkmaneQµaHl,I edayBaküenHfa

Caeta bNÐrektuna .

bTfa ektuha ¬CaGñkdak;Tg;cuHehIy¦ )andl; CaGñklHbg;

nUvmanH . GFib,ayfa manH eQµaHfa ektu edayGtßfa dUcCaTg;

eRBaHmankarRbkan;xøÜn CalkçN³ . Bity:agenaH manHenaH elak

eBalfa manesckþIR)afñanwgelIkxø Ün[x<s; CaeRKÓgR)akd .

bTfa ektunaeyv ¬edayTg;enaHÉg¦ )andl; edaybBaØaenaH


Ég . GFib,ayfa bBaØaeQµaHfa CaTg;rbs;RBHGriy³TaMgLay

eRBaHGtßfa x<s;éRkElgCagFm’EdlminmaneTas nigeRBaHGtßfa

CaRbFankñ úgkarjaMjIesnamar eRBaHehtuenaH bNÐiteTIbeBalfa

{k¾Fm’CaTg;C½yrbs;\sITaMgLay} .

bTfa mhaektuM bFMsyi ¬kMcat;Tg;FM¦ esckþIfa kielsFm’

TaMgLay eQµaHfa FM eRBaHmanGarmµN_eRcIn nigeQµaHfa man

manHeRcInRbkar manmanHfa eyIgRbesIrCageK nigmanHeRBaHCati

CaedIm nigkielsFm’TaMgenaH eQµaHfa Tg;FM edayGtßfa dUcCa

Tg; eRBaHGtßfa elIkeLIgnUvmanHenaH )andl; mard¾lamk .

elak)anRKbsgát;marenaH eFV I[Gs;GMNac edaykarkMcat;Blén

mar nigQanknøgvis½yrbs;marecj)an . RBHefr³kalnwgsEmþg

xøÜndUcCaRBHefr³GgÁdéT )anBüakrN_RBHGrhtþpl edaykarGag

RBHGrhtþplfa {kMcat;Tg;FMedayTg;} .

cb;Gdækfa vimlekaNÐBaØefrKafaTI 4

3


Gdðkza óek¡bkdvcäezrKazaTI 5

[66] ] e kç b k d v cä sS s gá li tM B hU hi v e sSa hi

tM Pasti KhdæanM sunisienña ]Lar)aemaeC¢ati .

BuT§vcn³ EdlbuKÁleronkñ úgsMNak;énRBH]ekçbkd-

vcäetßr RBHefr³enaH rEmgsEmþgnUvBuT§vcn³enaHdl;

RKhsßTaMgLay)an Gs;qñaMCaeRcIn elakCaGñkman

esckþIr Ikrayd¾elIslub GgÁúyenAd¾s¶b;es¶óm .

RBH]ekçbkdvcäetßr .

Kafarbs;]ekçbkdvcäetßr epþImfa PikçúGñks¶b;l¥ehIy . erOg

ekIteLIgdUcemþc?

)anB¤fa sUm,IRBHefr³enaH k¾manGFikar)aneFVIehIykñúgRBH

BuT§GgÁmun² TaMgLay snSMbuNüEdlCa]bnisS½yénRBHniBVanTuk

kñúgPBenaH² kñúgkalrbs;RBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa siT§tß³ kñúgkb,

TI 94 GMBIPTÞkb,enH ekItkñúgpÞHmanRtkUl eBldwgkþIehIy )an[

ssrdl;])askGñksagsalafVayRBHsasþa EdlxVHssrmYy

-95- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 7 ]ekçbkdvcäefrKafaTI 5

edIm ehIyrYmeFVIkargarpg edaybuBaØkmµenaH eKeTAekItkñúgeTvelak

eFV IbuNütmk )anRtac;rgÁat;eTAkñ úgeTvta nigmnusSTaMgLay kñúg

BuT§ úb,aTkalenH ekItCabutþrbs;RBahµN_mñak;kñúgRkúgsavtßI eKman

tameKaRtfa vcä³ .

eKsþab;Fm’kñúgsmñak;rbs;RBHsasþa mansT§a bBVC¢aehIy

enAkñ úgGavasCitRsúk naEdnekasl eronFm’kñ úgsMNak;rbs;Pikç ú

TaMgLayGñkedIrkat;pøÚvmk . EtelakkMNt;min)anfa enHCavin½y

enHCaRBHsURt enHCaRBHGPiFmµ . éf¶mYy )ansaksYrRBHFmµes-

nabtI eTIbkMNt;caMRKb;vtß útamEdl ¬RBHFmµesnabtI¦ kMNt;Tuk

¬dUecñaH¦ karkMNt;eQµaHehACabidkCaedIm eTIbmankñúgRBHbriytþi-

sT§mµmunGMBIkarsgÁaynaRBHFm’ eRBaHmankarehAPikçúTaMgLayfa RBH

vin½yFrCaedIm ¬mkehIy¦ . elaksaksYrRBHBuT§vcn³ KW RBH

éRtbidk kMNt;rUbFm’ nigGrUbFm’EdlRBHmanRBHPaKRtas;TukehIy

kñúgRBHéRtbidkenaH epþImtaMgvibsSna BicarNaehIy k¾seRmcRBH

Grhtþkñ úgevlaminyUr .



mankarRbCu Mmha])askrbs;RBHmanRBHPaK

RBHnamfa siT§tß³ nig])askTaMgenaH dl;RBHBuT§

CasrN³ eCOsþab;RBHtfaKt .

])askTaMgGs;mkRbCuMK ñaRbwkSaKñanwgksag

salafVaydl;RBHsasþa EtenAxVHssr 1 edIm

eTIbnaMKñaEsVgrkkñúgéRBFM .

eyIgCYb])askTaMgenaHkñúgéRBehIy eTIbcUl

eTArkKN³])askkñúgevlaenaH pÁgGBa¢lIsaksYr

KN³])ask .

])askGñkmansIlTaMgenaH EdleyIgsYr

ehIy eqøIy[dwgfa BYkeyIgRtÚvkarnwgsagsala

EtenAxVHssrmYyedImeTot .

¬eyIgeBalfa¦ sUmelakcUr[ssrmYyedIm

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 72 TMB½r 126¦ Ca RBHÉktßmÖiketßr .


Ca ¬Par³¦ rbs;ćuH ńwgfVaydl;RBHsasþaxøÜnÉg

ńwgnaMssrmk[ elakTaMgLaymin)ac;x Vl;xVay

rkeLIy .

])askTaMgenaHRCHføa mancitþeRtkGr RbKl;

ssr[ ¬CaPar³rbs;¦ eyIg RtLb;GMBIéRBenaH eTA

kan;pÞHrbs;xøÜn .

kalKN³])askeTAehIyminyUr kñúgRKaenaH

eyIg)anfVayssr eyIgeRtkGr mancitþr Ikray

elIkssredImdMbUgeLIg .

edaycitþRCHføaenaH eyIg)anekItkñ úgviman

PB ¬viman¦ rbs;eyIgx<s;RtEdt 7 Can; .

kalsÁrbnø WRThwgeLIg eyIg)anbeRmIsBV

RKb; kñúgkb,TI 55 eyIg)anCaRBHraCaRTg;RBHnam

fa yesaFr³ .

sUm,Ikñ úgTIenaH PB ¬R)asaT¦ rbs;eyIgk¾


x<s; 7 Can; RbkbedaypÞHkMBUld¾RbesIr manssr

mYy KYr[rIkray .

kñúgkb,TI 21 eyIg)anCakSRtRTg;RBHnam

fa ]eTn sUm,Ikñ úgRKaenaH R)asaTrbs;eyIgk¾x<s;

7 Can;¬1¦ .

eyIgcUldl;kMeNItNa ² KW PaBCaeTvta

b¤PaBCamnusS eyIg)anesayplenaH² TaMgGs;

enHCaplénkarfVayssrmYyedIm .


ssrNakñúgRKaenaH edaybuBaØkmµenaH eyIgmin

EdlsÁal;TuKÁtieLIy enHCaplénkarfVayssrmYy

edIm .



1¦ ERbBI smuKÁtM/ kñúgGbTanCa sulgátM = man 7 Can; tubEtgy:ags¥at .


RBHefr³kalseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy taMgenAkñ úgkarminx¢ il

RcGUs eRBaHelakeFVIkic©eRscehIy edIm,IkarGnueRKaHdl;RKhsß

nigbBVCitTaMgLayEdlmkrkelak BicarNaRBHBuT§vcn³ KW RBH

éRtbidkmun eTIbsEmþgFm’ . kñúgéf¶mYy xN³sEmþgFm’ehIy

elakeRbóbxø ÜnÉg fadUcCaGñkdéT )aneBalKafafa

Pikçús¶b;l¥ehIy man)aemaC¢³d¾éRkElg rEmg

eBalRBHBuT§vcn³ Edl]ekçbkdvcäetßrPikú ç)aneron

mkeRcInqña M dl;RKhsßTaMgLay .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa ]ekçbkdvcäsS esµInwg kt]ekçbvcäsS

¬ERbfa RBHvcä³GñkeFV ICaKMnrTuk¦ GFib,ayfa EdlPikçúvcä³kMNt;Tuk

CacMENk² CaRBHvin½y CaRBHsURt nigCaRBHGPiFmµ tamBYkRBH

vin½y BYkRBHsURt nigBYkRBHGPiFmµ EdleronmkGMBIsmñak;rbs;

Pikç ú CacMENk² ehIykMNt;Tukkñ úgBYkenaH² tamEdlcgcaMTuk .

k¾bTfa ]ekçbkdvcäsS Caqdæ IviPtþi cuHkñ úgGtßénttiyaviPtþ i .

bTfa sgálitM BhUhi vesShi ¬RBHBuT§vcn³ Edl>>> )an


eronmkeRcInqñaM¦ esckþIfa taMgTukkñúgcitþ ¬TenÞjrhUtrt;mat;¦ eday

GMNacénkarRbmUlTukGs;evlaeRcInqñaM . )az³fa sgçlitM dUecñH

k¾man . )andl; TenÞjrhUtrt;mat; eRBaHfa tCab;CamYyKñaeTA

eFV I[CadUcs½gçEdleKxat;ehIy . RtÚvepþ ImBaküfa yM BuT§vcnM

¬RBHBuT§vcn³¦ EdlxVHcUlpg .

bTfa tM esckþIfa eBal KW sEmþgRBHbriytþiFm’enaH .

elakeBalBaküfa KhdæanM ¬dl;RKhsßTaMgLay¦ eRBaHRKhsß

TaMgenaHmancMnYneRcInCag ¬Pikçú¦ . bTfa sunisienña ¬s¶b;l¥ehIy¦

esckþIfa GgÁúyes¶ómminkeRmIktaMgenAkñ úgFm’enaH . GFib,ayfa

minR)afñalaP nigskáar³CaedIm taMgenAkñúgmatikaFm’ KW vimutþitay-

tn³enaHÉg ehIysEmþgFm’ .

eRBaHehtuenaH elakeTIbeBalfa ]Lar)aemaeC¢a ¬man)aemaC¢³

d¾éRkElg¦ esckþIfa Gñkman)aemaC¢³d¾»Lar EdlekIteLIgehIy

edayGMNacénesckþIsuxkñúgplsmabtþi nigedayGMNacénesckþI

suxkñúgFm’ . smdUcBaküEdlelak ¬RBHsarIbutþetßr¦ eBalTukfa


{GñkmanGayuTaMgLay Pikç úrEmgsEmþgFm’tamEdlsþab;mkehIy

tamEdleronmkehIy dl;CnBYkdéTedayBisþar edayRbkarNa²

elakrEmg)anEbkFøaykñúgGtß kñúgFm’enaH rEmg)an)aemaC¢³EdlRbkb

edayFm’ edayRbkarenaH² CaedIm .

cb;Gdækfa ]ekçbkdvcäetßrKafaTI 5

3


Gdðkza emXiyezrKazaTI 6

[67] Gnusasi mhavIera s BV F mµ a n ) a r KU

tsSanM FmµM sutVan vihasw snþiek reta


RBHsm<úT § CamhavIrburs RBHGgÁdl;nUveRtIyénFm’

TaMgBYg RTg;eRbónRbedAehIy ´)ansþab;Fm’rbs;

RBHGgÁ CaGñkeRtkGrenAkñ úgsMNak; ¬RBHGgÁ¦ éRt

viC¢a´)andl;ehIy BuT§sasna ´k¾)aneFV IehIy .

RBHemXiyetßr .

Kafarbs;RBHemXiyetßr epþImfa RBHmhavIr³CaGñkdl;eRtIy

énFm’TaMgBYg . erOgekIteLIgy:agNa?


mun² sabeRBaHBUC KW kuslTukkñ úgPBenaH² kñúgkalénRBHman-

RBHPaKRBHnamfa vibsSI kñúgkb,TI 91 GMBIPTÞkb,enH ekItkñúgpÞH

manRtkUl ehIyk¾dl;nUvPaBdwgkþI . k¾kñúgsm½yenaH RBHmanRBHPaK

-103- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 7 emXiyefrKafaTI 6

RTg;RBHnamfa vibsSI RTg;seRmcdl;TIbMputénBuT§kic©ehIy RTg;dak;

RBHCnµayusgçar . kalEpndIkeRmIkjab;j½rCaedIm eRBaHehtuEdl

RTg;dak;RBHCnµayusgçarenaH mhaCn)antk;søútP½yxøac .

lMdab;enaH evsSv½NmharaC RTg;dwgehtukarN_enaHy:ag

Cak;c,as; eTIblYgelammhaCn[FUrcitþ . mhaCnsþab;BaküenaH

)anekItesckþIsegVK . kulbutþenH sþab;BuT§anuPaBkñ úgTIenaHehIy

ekItesckþIeKarBrab;GanCaeRcInkñ úgRBHsasþa ekItbItiesamnsSd¾

»Lar . edaybuBaØkmµenaH eKRtac;eTAkñúgeTvta nigmnusSTaMgLay

kñúgBuT§ úb,aTkalenH eK)anmkekItkñúgsküRtkUl kñúgRkúgkbilBsþú

)annamfa emXiy³ .

emXiymaNBenaHceRmInv½yehIy bYskñúgsmñak;énRBHsasþa

]bdæakRBHBuT§ kalRBHmanRBHPaKRbfab;enAkñúgCalikav½n eXIjcMkar

sVayKYrCaTIrIkrayRtg;eqñrsÞwgkimikala bMNgnwgenAkñúgcMkarsVay

enaH RtÚvRBHmanRBHPaKRtas;hamdl;eTA 2 dg ehIyRBm[eTA

kñúgelIkTI 3 eTIbeTAkan;cMkarsVayenaH RtÚvstVl¥it KW micäavitká³


ecameramxaM min)ansmaFicitþ k¾RtLb;eTAKal;RBHsasþa RkabTUl

esckþIenaHehIy .

lMdab;enaH RBHmanRBHPaK)anRbTanRBH»vaTdl;elak eday

n½yCaedImfa {mñalemXiy³ Fm’ 5 Rbkar rEmgRbRBwtþeTAedIm,I

PaBcas;køaénecetavimutþ iEdlminTan;cas;køa} . elaktaMgenAkñ úg

»vaTenaHehIy ceRmInvibsSna k¾seRmcRBHGrhtþehIy .


kalRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa vibsSI RTg;RbesIr

kñ úgelak RTg;dak;RBHCnµayusgçar EpndI nigsmuRT

k¾jab;j½r .

sUm,IlMenAd¾x<s;FM TUlay s¥at Rbdab;eday

PYgmal½yrbs;eyIg k¾jab;j½r kñúgxN³EdlRBHBuT§

RTg;dak;RBHCnµayusgçar .

kalPBjab;j½rehIy esckþItk;søútekIteLIg

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 25¦ Ca RBHBuT§sBaØketßr .


dl;eyIgfa BnøWd ¾FMTUlay)anekItmaneLIg eRBaH

ehtuGVIhñ + .

esþcevsSv½NmkkñúgTIenHehIy júa Mgmha-

Cn[)at;esckþIesakfa P½yminmandl;BBYkstV

GñkTaMgLaycUrmancitþtaMgmaM eFVIc itþ[s¶b;cuH .

¬nigeyIgeBalfa¦ KYrGs©arüRBHBuT§ KYrGs©arü

RBHFm’ KYrGs©arü karEdleyIgmkRbsBVRBHsasþa

kalRBHBuT§RTg;]b,tþ ieLIg EpndIk¾jab;j½r .

eyIgRbkasBuT§anuPaBehIy k¾)anrIkraykñúg

sYK’Gs; 1 kb, kñúgkb,d¾ess eyIg)aneFVIkusl

ehIy .

kñúgkb,TI 91 GMBIPTÞkb,enH eyIg)anesckþI

sMKal;Na kñúgRKaenaH eRBaHesckþIsMKal;enaH

eyIgminEdlsÁal;TuKÁtieLIy enHCaplénesckþI

sMKal;kñ úgRBHBuT § .



esþccRkBtþid ¾RbesIr RTg;RBHnamfa smit³ man

BlanuPaBeRcIn .



RBHefr³seRmcRBHGrhtþehIy )anTTYlRBH»vaTcMeBaHRBH

P®kþRBHsasþa kalnwgBüakrN_RBHGrhtþplfa eyIgluHRBHGrhtþ

ehIy )aneBalKafafa

RBHmhavIr³RTg;dl;eRtIyénFm’TaMgBYg RTg;

eRbónRbedAeyIg eyIgsþab;Fm’rbs;RBHGgÁehIy k¾

eRtkGrenAkñúgsMNak;RBHGgÁ eyIg)anseRmcviC¢a 3

BaküTUnµanrbs;RBHBuT§ eyIgeFVIcb;ehIy .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa Gnusasi ¬)anTUnµan¦ esckþIfa

RBHmanRBHPaKRTg;»vaT KW RTg;)anRbTanGnusasnI edayBaküCa

edImfa {mñalemXiy³ Fm’ 5 Rbkar rEmgRbRBwtþeTAedIm,IesckþI


cas;køaénecetavimutþ iEdlminTan;cas;køa} .

bTfa mhavIera ¬RBHmhavIr³¦ )andl; GñkmanesckþIBüayam

eRcIn . GFib,ayfa manesckþIBüayameRcIn edayGgÁFm’EdlCa

TItaMgénesckþIBüayam EdlRbkbedayGgÁ 4 EdlCaeRKÓgsag

vIriy)armI nigedaykardl;RBménsmµb,Fan 4 y:ag EdlminTUeTA

dl;savkdéT .

bTfa sBVFmµan )arKU ¬Gñkdl;eRtIyénFm’TaMgBYg¦ esckþIfa

k¾RBHmanRBHPaK eQµaHfa Gñkdl;eRtIyénFm’TaMgBYg eRBaHRTg;dl;

KW seRmcdl;nUveRtIy KW TIbMputénejyüFm’TaMgBYg edaykar

seRmcRBHjaN GFib,ayfa CaRBHsBVBaØ Ú . mü:ageTot eQµaHfa

RTg;dl;nUveRtIyénFm’TaMgBYg eRBaHRTg;dl; KW seRmcdl;RBHniBVan

EdlCaeRtIyénsgçtFm’TaMgLayTaMgBYg edaysymÖÚjaN .

bTfa tsSahM FmµM sutVan ¬eyIgsþab;Fm’rbs;RBHGgÁehIy¦

esckþIfa eyIgsþab;sc©Fm’ 4 enaH EdlRBHGgÁRTg;elIkeLIgsEmþg

edayRBHGgÁÉg ¬samukágSikeTsna¦ rbs;RBHmanRBHPaKGgÁenaH .


bTfa vihasw snþiek ¬enAkñúgsmñak;rbs;RBHGgÁ¦ esckþIfa

eyIgRtÚvmicäavitká³ebotebonehIykñúgcMkarsVay ¬RtLb;¦ eTAkan;

calikavihar sñak;enAkñ úgTICitRBHbrmsasþaenaHÉg .

bTfa seta ERbfa mansti . GFib,ayfa minRbmaTehIy

edaykarceRmInsmf³ nigvibsSna .

bTfa GhM enH Kb,Ipøas;Ca mya bEnßmcUlkñúgbTfa viC¢a

Gnub,tþa ktM BuT§sS sasnM ¬viC¢a 3 EdleyIg)anseRmcehIy

BaküTUnµanrbs;RBHBuT§ EdleyIgeFVIcb;ehIy¦ . dUcbTfa mM ¬eyIg¦

EdlRtÚvbEnßmcUlkñúgbTfa Ganusasi ¬)anTUnµan¦ enH .

RBHefr³RbkaskarseRmcviC¢a 3 tamEdleBalehIy eday

bTfa BaküTUnµanrbs;RBHBuT§ eyIgeFV IeRscehIy edaysEmþgfa

elakbdibtþ iRtg;tamRBH»vaTrbs;RBHsasþa edaybriyaydéT .

GFib,ayfa karbMeBj[bribUN’énkgsIlCaedImenaHÉg ´m©as;eFVI

ehIytamBaküTUnµanrbs;RBHsasþa .

cb;Gdækfa emXiyefrKafaTI 6 3

-109- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 7 ÉkFmµsvnIyefrKafaTI 7

Gdðkza ÉkZmµsvniyezrKazaTI 7

[68] kielsa Qabita myðM Pva seBV smUhta

vikç weNa CatisMsaera ntßiTani bunBÖevati .

kielsTaMgLay´dutbMpøajehIy PBTaMgGs; ´)an

dkecalehIy CatisMsark¾Gs;ehIy PBfµIeTot min

mankñ úgkal\LÚvenHeT .

RBHÉkFmµsvniyetßr .

Kafarbs;RBHFmµsvniyetßr epþImfa eyIgdutkielsTaMgLay

ehIy . erOgekIteLIgy:agNa?


ekItCarukçeTvta eXIjPikçú 2-3 rUb vegVgpøÚv edIreTAkñúgéRBFM kal

nwgGnueRKaH eTIbcuHGMBIPB ¬TIenA¦ rbs;xøÜn lYgelamPikç úTaMgenaH

[qan;ehIy naMeTAkan;TIEdlR)afña . edaybuBaØkmµenaH elakRtac;

eTAkñúgeTvta nigmnusSTaMgLay kalRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnam ksSb³

RTg;]b,tþieLIgkñ úgelak bMeBjBuT§kic©eRscehIy briniBVan elak


)anekItCaesþcRkúgBaraNsI RTg;RBHnamfa kikI kñ úgRKaenaH .

kalesþcsuKtehIy RBHraC»rsrbs;RBHGgÁ RTg;RBHnam

fa bufuv in ÞraC )anesayraCübnþ . RBHraC»rsrbs;RBHbufuvinÞraC

RTg;RBHnamfa suyam³ ¬esayraCübnþ¦ RBHraC»rsrbs;RBH)aT

suyam³RTg;RBHnamfa RBH)aTkikIRBhµTtþ RTg;esayraCü kalRBH

sasnaGnþrFanehIy min)ansþab;RBHFmµeTsna eTIbRtas;bgÁab;

[Rbkasfa {GñkNasEmþgFm’)an eyIgnwg[RTBümYyEsnkha-

bN³dl;GñkenaH} kalrkGñksEmþgFm’min)an sUm,IEtmñak; eTIb

RTg;RBHRtiHriHfa {kñúgrC¢sm½yénm©as;taCaedImrbs;eyIg Fm’enAman

RbRBwtþeTA GñksEmþgFm’k¾rk)anedaygay Etkñúgkal\LÚvenH Gñk

EdlnwgeBalKafaRtwmEt 4 )aT k¾rk)anlM)ak eyIgnwgecjbYs

muneBlFmµsBaØaminTan;sabsUnü} .

skáeTvraCesþccuHmkehIysEmþgFm’edayKafafa Gnic©a vt

sgçara ¬sgçarTaMgLaymineToghñ+¦ eFVI[RBH)aTkikIRBhµTtþ Edl

lHbg;raCblø½gá Ebrmuxeq<aHeTAkan;himBanþb,eTs esþcRtLb; .


RBH)aTkikIRBhµTtþyagRtLb;ehIy RTg;bMeBjbuNü )anRtac;rgÁat;

eTAkñ úgeTvta nigmnusSTaMgLay kñúgBuT§ úb,aTkalenH mkekItkñ úg

RtkUlesdæI kñ úgestBünKr ceRmInv½yehIy kalRBHmanRBHPaK

Rbfab;enAkñ úgsigS)av½n kñ úgestBünKr )ancUleTAKal;RBHsasþa

fVaybgÁMehIy GgÁúykñúgTImYy .

RBHsasþaRTg;RtÜtemIlGFüaRs½yrbs;eKehIy RTg;sEmþg

Fm’edayRBHKafaenHfa Gnic©a vt sgçar ¬sgçarTaMgLaymineTog

hñ+¦ dUecñH kalGnic©sBaØaR)akdc,as; elakeTIbmanesckþIsegVK

eRBaHelakmanGFikarEdleFVITukehIykñúgPBenaH² bBVC¢aehIy epþIm

BicarNaFm’ eFV ITukkñ úgcitþnUvTukçsBaØa nigGntþsBaØa xVl;xVaykñúg

vibsSna k¾)anseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy .


savkTaMgLayrbs;RBHBuT§RBHnamfa bTu-

mutþr³ Rtac;eTAkñ úgéRB CaGñkvegVgpø Úv Rtac;enAkñ úg

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 26¦ Ca RBHmKÁsBaØketßr .


éRBFM dUcmnusSxVak;EPñk .

butþrbs;RBHmunITa MgenaH GñkvegVgpø ÚvehIy

kñúgéRBFM rBJkdl;RBHsmµasm<úT§ RBHnamfabTumutþr³

CaGñknaMénelak .

´RBHGgÁcuHGMBIPB ¬TIenA¦ mkrkPikçúTaMgenaH

R)ab;pø Úv[ nig)anfVayePaCnaharcMeBaHsavkTaMg

enaH .

bBiRtRBHGgÁCaFMCagRbCa RTg;CaeCdæbursén

elak RTg;RbesIrCagnrCn eRBaHkmµenaH ´RBHGgÁ

)anseRmcRBHGrhtþtaMgBIGayu 7 xYb rab;GMBI

kMeNIt .


esþccRkBtþi 12 dg RTg;RBHnamfa smckçú RTg;

bribUN’edayEkv 7 Rbkar .

´RBHGgÁdutkielsTaMgLayehIy .l. Bakü



eRBaHehtuEdlelakseRmckic© ¬seRmcRBHGrhtþ¦ edaykar

sþab;Fm’EtmYydgb:ueNÑaH eTIb)annamfa ÉkFmµsvniyetßr enaHÉg .

elak)anCaRBHGrhnþehIy kalnwgBüakrN_RBHGrhtþpl k¾)an

eBalKafafa

eyIgdutkielsTaMgLayehIy PBTaMgLay

eyIgdkecjehIy karv ilvl;søab;ekItrbs;eyIg

Gs;ehIy \LÚvenH PBfµIminman .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa kielsa ¬kielsTaMgLay¦ esckþI

fa GkuslFm’ eQµaHfa kiels eRBaHehtufa ekItehIykñúgsnþan

Na rEmgjúaMgsnþanenaH[esAhµg b¤ebotebon cUleTAeFVI[ekþA

Rkhay )andl; kielsmanraK³CaedIm .

bTfa Qabita ¬dut¦ esckþIfa kielsTaMgLay EdleyIg

dutbMpøajehIyRBmTaMgbJs edayePø Ig KW GriymKÁBaØaN dUcKum<

eQICaedIm RtÚvdutehIyedayGsnI)at ¬rnÞH¦ .


bTfa myðM esµInwg mya ¬EdleyIg¦ b¤kñúgsnþanrbs;eyIg .

bTfa Pva seBV smUhta ¬PBTaMgBYgeyIgdkecjehIy¦

esckþIfa PBTaMgBYgmankamPB nigkmµPBCaedIm eQµaHfa Edl

eyIgdkecjehIy eRBaHkielsTaMgLay EdleyIgdutbMpøajehIy

eRBaHkalmankielsvdþ³ k¾RtÚvmankmµvdþ³ . eRBaHehtuEdldk

kmµPB)anehIyenaHÉg sUm,I]bbtþiPBk¾eQµaHfa )andkecjehIy

pg eRBaH[dl;nUvkarmin[ekIteLIgeTotCaFmµta .

bTfa vikçIeNa CatisMsaera ¬karvilvl;søab;ekItrbs;eyIg

Gs;ehIy¦ esckþIfa sgSarmanCatiCaedIm EdlmanlkçN³ dUc

elakeBalTukfa

lMdab;énxn§ Fatu nigGaytn³ enARbRBwtþ

minTan;dac;ExS elakehAfa sgSar .

Gs;eTAehIy edayminmanesssl; eRBaHdUecñaH \LÚvenH

PBfµIeTIbminman . Kb,IeBaleTotfa eRBaHehtuEdlPBfµIminman

teTA dUecñaH sgSar KW CatieTIbGs;eTA nigPBfµIminman eRBaHPB


TaMgBYgRtÚvdkecalehIy . mü:ageTot RbkbesckþIfa sgSar KW

CatiGs;ehIy eRBaHehtuenaHÉg \LÚvenH PBfµIeTIbminman .

cb;Gdækfa ÉkFmµsvnIyetßrKafaTI 7

3


Gdðkza ÉkuTaniyezrKazaTI 8

[69] G Fi e c t e s a G b , m C¢ e t a

muniena emanbefsu sikçeta

esaka n Pvnþ i taTiena

]bsnþsS sTa stImetati .

esckþIesak rEmgminmandl;GñkR)aCJ mancitþd¾x<g;

x<s; CaGñkminRbmaT sikSakñúgFm’CaKnøgénkarecHdwg

mantaTiKuN CaGñks¶b;rm¶ab; manstiRKb;kal .

RBHÉkuTaniyetßr .

Kafarbs;RBHÉkuTaniyetßr epþImfa esckþIesakTaMgLay

rEmgminmandl;Pikçú . erOgekIteLIgdUcemþc?

sUm,IRBHefr³enH k¾CaGñkmanGFikar)aneFVITukehIy kñúgRBH

BuT§GgÁmun² snSMbuNüEdlCa]bnisS½yénRBHniBVanTukkñúgPBenaH²

kñúgkalénRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnam GtßTsSI ekItCaykSesnabtI kal

RBHsasþaesþcbriniBVanehIy k¾dl;nUvesckþIesak brieTvnakarfa

-117- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 7 ÉkuTaniyefrKafaTI 8

{eyIgminmanlaPhñ+ eyIgrk»kas)anlM)akhñ+ eRBaHkñúgevlaEdl

RBHsasþaRTg;RBHCnµenA eyIgmin)aneFV IbuNümanTanCaedImTuk} .

RKaenaH savkrbs;RBHsasþaRBHnamfa saKr³ benÞarbg;

esckþIesakenaH ENnaM[bUCaRBHsþÚbrbs;RBHsasþa . eKbUCaRBH

sþÚbGs; 5 qñaM cuticakGtþPaBenaHehIy k¾Rtac;rgÁat;eTAkñúgeTvta

nigmnusSTaMgLayb:ueNÑaH eRBaHbuNüenaH kñúgkalénRBHmanRBHPaK

RBHnamfa ksSb³ ekItkñ úgpÞHmanRtkUl dl;PaBCaGñkdwgkþ IehIy

eTAKal;RBHsasþaCaerOy² .

kñúgsm½yenaH RBHsasþaRTg;[»vaTRBHsavkTaMgLayerOy²

edayRBHKafafa GFiectesa ¬esckþIesakTaMgLay rEmgminman

dl;PikçúGñkmancitþtaMgmaM¦ CaedIm . eK)ansþab;RBH»vaTenaHehIy

ekItsT§aeTIbecjbYs k¾RKabYsehIy eronKafaenaHÉgerOy² .

elakbMeBjsmNFm’enAkñ úgsasnaenaH 20>000 qñaM minGacnwg

júaMgKuNviess[ekIteLIg)an eRBaHjaNminTan;cas;køa . elak

cuticakPBenaHehIy eTAekItkñúgeTvelak Rtac;rgÁat;eTAmk² enAkñúg


suKtiPBb:ueNÑaH kñ úgBuT§ úb,aTkalenH mkekItCabutþrbs;RBahµN_

bribUN’edaysm,tþi kñúgRkúgsavtß I luHdwgkþ IehIy eXIjBuT§anuPaB

kñúgRKaEdlRBHGgÁRTg;TTYlvtþeCtBn )anmansT§a eTIbecjbYs

eFV IbuBVkic©eRscehIy GaRs½yenAkñ úgéRB )aneTAKal;RBHsasþa .

k¾Ékñúgsm½yenaH RBHsasþaTtRBHenRteXIjRBHsarIbutþ xVl;xVay

kñúgGFicitþenAminq¶ayGMBIRBHGgÁ RTg;k¾)anbnøW]Tanfa GFiectesa

¬esckþIesakTaMgLay rEmgminmandl;Pikçú GñkmancitþtaMgmaM¦ Ca

edIm .

RBHefr³enHsþab;RBHBuT§]TanenaHehIy sUm,IkalenAkñúgéRB

edIm,IceRmInPavnaCaRbcaM k¾bnøW]TanKafaenaHÉgCaerOy² . eRBaH

ehtuenaH elakeTIb)annamfa ÉkuTaniyetßr . RKaéf¶mYy elak

)ancietþkKÁtarmµN_ ceRmInvibsSnaehIy k¾seRmcRBHGrhtþ .


eRkayGMBIRBHsuKtRBHnamfaGtßTsSI esþc

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 28¦ Ca RBHbc© úbdæansBaØkefr³ .


brin iBVanehIy kñúgRKaenaH ´RBHGgÁekItkñúgkMeNIt

ykS nigmanystamlMdab; .

´RBHGgÁKitfa ysrbs;eyIg)anmkeday

lM)akhñ+ BnøW KW bBaØark)anlM)ak esckþIBüayam

eFV I)anlM)ak kaleyIgmanePaKsm,tþi RBHsuKt

RTg;manRBHckçúbriniBVanehIy .

RBHsavkRBHnamfasaKr³ dwgesckþIRtiHriH

rbs;´RBHGgÁ elakR)afñanwgRsg;´RBHGgÁeLIg eTIb

mkkñúgsMNak;rbs;´RBHGgÁ ¬eBalfa¦

nwgesakesAeFV IGV Ihñ + ku Mx øaceLIy cUrRbRBwtþ

Fm’cuH elakCaGñkmanemFal¥ RBHBuT§RTg;sresIr

viC¢asm,tþ irbs;CnTaMgBYgfa

CnNaKb,IbUCaRBHsmµasm<úT§ CaGñknaMénelak

EdltaMgRBHCnµenAkþI Kb,IbUCaRBHFatusUm,IRbmaN

b:unRKab;és<rbs;RBHBuT§EdlniBVanehIykþI .


kalebIcitþEdlRCHføarbs;CnenaH tmál;esµI

buNük¾manpleRcInesµIK ña eRBaHdUecñaH elakcUreFV I

sþÚbbUCaRBHFatu rbs;RBHCinRsIcuH .

´RBHGgÁ )ansþab;vacarbs;RBHsaKr³ehIy

)aneFVIBuT§sþÚb ´RBHGgÁbeRmIRBHsþÚb d¾]tþmrbs;

RBHmunI 5 qñaM . ´RBHGgÁCaFMCagRbCa GñkCaeCdæ-

bursénelak RTg;Gg;GacCagnrCn edaykmµenaH

´RBHGgÁesaysm,tþiehIy k¾)anluHRBHGrhtþ .


esþccRkBtþi 4 dg RBHnamfa PUr ibBaØa bribUN’


´RBHGgÁdutkielsTaMgLayehIy .l. Bakü

TUnµanrbs;RBHBuT§ ´RBHGgÁeFVIeRscehIy .

kalelakseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy sm¶MenAedayvimutþisux éf¶

mYy RtÚvRBHFmµPNÐaKariknimnþfa {elakmanGayu sUmelaksEmþg


Fm’dl;´pg} dUecñH edIm,Isakl,gbdiPaN ¬rbs;elak¦ eRBaHehtu

Edlelak)anGb;rMmkGs;kalyUr eTIbeBalRBHKafaenHÉg ¬dEdl¦

eTotfa

esckþIesakTaMgLay rEmgminmandl;PikçúGñk

mancitþtaMgmaM minRbmaT CamunI GñksikSaehIykñúg

pø ÚvénPaBCamunI GñknwgFwg Gñks¶b;rm¶ab; Gñkman

stisBVkal .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa GFiectesa ¬GñkmancitþtaMgmaM¦ )an

dl; mancitþtaMgmaM GFib,ayfa RbkbedayGrhtþplcitþ Edl

éRkElgCagcitþTaMgBYg . bTfa Gb,mC¢eta ¬minRbmaT¦ )andl;

GñkminRbmaTehIy . elakeBalGFib,ayTukfa RbkbeTAeday

kareFVICab;tKña kñúgFm’EdlrkeTasmin)an edaykarminRbmaT .

bTfa muniena ¬CamunI¦ esckþIfa RBHxINaRsB eQµaHfa

CamunI eRBaHdwgnUvelakTaMg 2 dUecñHfa {buKÁlNadwgelakTaMg 2

eRBaHehtuenaH buKÁlenaH elakeTIbehAfa munI} mü:agvijeTot

-122- brmtßTIbnI Gdækfa x uT Þknikay efrKafa

jaN elakehAfa eman³ RBHxINaRsBeQµaHfa CamunI eRBaHRbkb

edayeman³ eBalKW RBHGrhtþplenaH . dl;Pikç úGñkCamunIenaH .

bTfa emanbefsu sikçeta ¬sikSaehIykñúgpøÚvénPaBCamunI¦

esckþIfa GñksikSaehIykñúgpø Úvéneman³ eBalKW RBHGrhtþBaØaN

)andl; kñúgeBaFibkçiyFm’ 37 Rbkar EdlCamKÁaén])ay b¤sikSa

ehIykñúgsikça 3 . k¾BaküenHelakeBalTuk edaykan;ykbdibTa

EdlCacMENkxagedIm . Kb,IRCabGtßkñ úgbTfa GñksikSaehIykñúg

pø ÚvénPaBCamunI enH y:agenHfa {RBHGrhnþseRmckarsikSaehIy

eRBaHdUecñaH dl;PikçúGñksikSaehIyy:agenH KW dl;munI Gñkdl;PaB

CamunIedaysikçaenH} . eRBaHehtuEdlBaküenH elakeBalTuky:ag

enH dUecñaH bTTaMg 2 enH KYrRbkbesckþIy:agenHfa dl;Pikç úGñk

mancitþtaMgmaMedayGMNacénmKÁcitþ nigplcitþxageRkam Gñkmin

RbmaTedayGMNacénkarminRbmaT kñúgkarbdibtþ iFm’[Rtas;dwg KW

Griysc©³ 4 eQµaHfa CamunI eRBaHRbkbedaymKÁBaØaNd¾]tþm .

mü:ageTot Kb,IRCabfa elakeBalehtuénesckþIBüayamTuk eday


bTfa minRbmaT>>> sikSaehIy enH . eRBaHdUecñaH eTIb)anesckþI

fa dl;PikçúEdlmancitþtaMgmaM eRBaHehtuénesckþIminRbmaT nigeRBaH

ehtuénkarsikSa .

bTfa esaka n Pvnþi taTiena ¬esckþIesakTaMgLay rEmg

minmandl;Pikçú>>>> CataTibuKÁl¦ esckþIfa esckþIesakTaMgLay

EdlmankarRBat;R)ascakvtßúCaTIR)afñaehIyCaedIm Cavtß ú )andl;

esckþIekþARkhayéncitþ rEmgminmankñúgxagkñúgrbs;PikçúCataTibuKÁl

KW rbs;munIGñkGs;kiels . mü:agvijeTot esckþIesakTaMgLay

rEmgminmandl;RBHmunIGñkminRtÚvkarsikSa Gñkdl;ehIynUvlkçN³

éntaTibuKÁl .

bTfa ]bsnþsS ¬Gñks¶b;rm¶ab;¦ esckþIfa GñkcUleTAs¶b;

rm¶ab;ehIy edaykarcUleTAs¶b;kiels manraK³CaedIm )anGs;

ehIy . bTfa sTa stImeta ¬manstisBVkal¦ esckþIfa

Gñkminevorcaksti Gs;kalCanic© eRBaHdl;ehIynUvPaBFMTUlay

énsti .


k¾kñ úgKafaenH edaybTfa GñkmancitþtaMgmaM Kb,IRCabfa

)andl; GFicitþsikça . edaybTfa minRbmaT Kb,IRCabfa )an

dl; GFisIlsikça . edaybTfa CamunI GñksikSaehIykñúgpø Úvén

PaBCamunI Kb,IRCabfa )andl; GFib,BaØasikça . mü:ageTot Kb,I

RCabfa elakRbkasGFib,BaØasikça edaybTfa CamunI . Rbkas

bdibTaEdlCacMENkxagedIm énelakutþrsikçaTaMgLayenaH eday

bTfa sikSaenAkñúgpøÚvénPaBCamunI . RbkasGanisgSénkareFVIsikça

[bribUN’ edaybTfa esckþIesakTaMgLay rEmgminman CaedIm .

k¾KafaenHÉg )anCaKafaBüakrN_RBHGrhtþplrbs;RBHefr³ .

cb;Gdækfa ÉkuTaniyetßrKafaTI 8

3

-125- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 7 qnñefrKafaTI 9

Gdðkza qnñezrKazaTI 9

[70] sutVan FmµM mheta mharsM

s BV BaØ ú t BaØa N v e r n eTsitM

mKÁM bbC¢w GmtsS btþiya

esa eyaKekçmsS bfsS ekav ieTati .

´)ansþab;sc©Fm’ manrsd¾RbesIrrbs;RBHmanRBH

PaK CabuKÁlRbesIr EdlRBHBuT§mansBVBaØ útBaØaN

d¾RbesIr sMEdgehIy RbtibtþicMeBaHGdægÁikmKÁedIm,I

dl;RBHniBVaneQµaHGmt³ RBHd¾manRBHPaKGgÁenaH

RBHGgÁCabuKÁlQøasévkñúgKnøgénRBHniBVan d¾ekSm

cakeyaK³ .

RBHqnñefr³ .

Kafarbs;RBHqnÞetßr manBaküepþImfa eyIgsþab;Fm’manrs

d¾RbesIr . erOgekIteLIgdUcemþc?

sUm,IRBHefr³enH k¾CaGñkmanGFikareFVITukehIykñúgRBHBuT§GgÁ



kalénRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa siT§tß³ ekItkñúgpÞHmanRtkUl kal

dwgkþIehIy kñúgéf¶mYy eXIjRBHmanRBHPaKsiT§tß³ esþcyageTAkan;

edImeQImYyedIm mancitþRCHføa )anRkalGasn³ EdlRkaleday

søwkeQImansmösSd¾Tn;fVay nigerayedaypáaeQICuMvij eFVIkarbUCa .

edaybuBaØkmµenaH eKeTAekItkñúgeTvelak eFVIbuNüdéTeTotCaeRcIn

GenÞaleTAkñúgsuKtiPBb:ueNÑaH kñ úgkalénRBHmanRBHPaKrbs;eyIg

TaMgLay )anmkekItkñúgépÞrbs;nagTasI kñúgRBHraCvaMgrbs;RBH)aT

sueT§aTnmharaC mannamfa qnñ³ CashCat CamYyRBHeBaFistV .

nayqnñ³CaGñkmansT§a kñúgsmaKménRBHjatirbs;RBHbrm

sasþa bYsehIyeRBaHesckþIRsLaj;kñúgRBHmanRBHPaK ekItesckþI

Rbkan;fa RBHBuT§rbs;eyIg RBHFm’rbs;eyIg minGacnwgkat;esckþI

esñha)an minbMeBjsmNFm’ kalRBHsasþaesþcbriniBVanehIy

RtÚvdak;eTasedayRBhµTNÐ tamviFIEdlRBHsasþaRTg;bgÁab;Tuk dl;

nUvesckþIsegVK kat;esñhaecj)an BicarNaeXIjc,as; k¾seRmc


RBHGrhtþ kñ úgevlaminyUr .


eyIg)anfVaykRmaleFVIedaysøwkeQI cMeBaH

RBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa siT§tß³ nig)anykpáac,a

EdlnaMmk eraycuHedayCuMv ij .

´)aneRbIR)as;bnÞb; EdlKYrrIkray mantémø

eRcIn kñúgR)asaT páaeQIEdlmantémøeRcIn)anFøak;

cuHelITIedkrbs;eyIg .

eyIgedkelITIedkd¾s¥at RkaledaypáaeQI

nigePøógpáaeQI k¾Føak;cuHelIT Iedkrbs;eyIgkñúgRKa

enaH .


kRmalEdleFVIedaysøwkeQINa eRBaHkmµenaH eyIgmin

EdlsÁal;TuKÁtieLIy enHCaplénkarfVaykRmal .

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 72 TMB½r 307¦ Ca RBHesnasnTayketßr .


kñúgkb,TI 5 GMBIPTÞkb,enH eyIg)anekIt

CaesþccRkBtþi 7 dg RBHnamfa tiNsnßrk³ Ca

FMCagRbCa .



RBHefr³luHseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy CaGñkEq¥tedayvimutþ isux

kalnwgEføg]Tan EdlEføgecjedaykmøaMgénbIti )aneBalKafaenH

fa

eyIgsþab;Fm’manrsd¾RbesIr rbs;RBHman

RBHPaK RTg;CamhasmN³ )andMeNIreTAkan;pøÚvEdl

RBHBuT§RTg;manjaNd¾RbesIr KW RBHsBVBaØ útBaØaN

RTg;sEmþgTukehIy edIm,Idl;GmtFm’ RBHmanRBHPaK

GgÁenaH RTg;CaGñkQøasévkñúgpøÚvd¾ekSmcakeyaK³ .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa sutVan ¬sþab;¦ ERbfa sþab;ehIy

)andl; epÞógRtecoksþab; ehIyBicarNatamRkEsénesatTVar .


bTfa FmµM ¬Fm’¦ )andl; Griysc©Fm’TaMg 4 .

bTfa mheta ¬mhasmN³¦ )andl; RBHd¾manRBHPaK .

BitehIy RBHmanRBHPaK mnusSelakfVayRBHnamfa mha ¬Gñkd¾FM

éRkElg¦ eRBaHRbkbedayKuNmansIlCaedIm EdlFMéRkElg KW

»LarCaTIbMput nigeRBaHCaGñkEdlmnusSelakRBmTaMgeTvelakKYr

bUCa Caehtu[RBHmanRBHPaKRBHGgÁenaH )ansmBaØnamfa RBHmha

smN³ . k¾bTfa sutVan FmµM bheta enH CabBa©mIviPtþi .

bTfa mharsM ¬manrsd¾RbesIr¦ esckþIfa eQµaHfa man

rsd¾»Lar eRBaHCaFm’Edl[nUvvimutþ irs .

bTfa sBVBaØ útBaØaNvern eTsitM ¬EdlRBHBuT§RTg;manRBH

jaNd¾RbesIr KW RBHsBVBaØ útBaØaN RTg;sEmþgTukehIy¦ esckþI

fa RBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa sBVBaØÚ eRBaHRTg;Rtas;dwgnUvFm’TaMgBYg

karmannUvRBHsBVBaØÚenaH eQµaHfa sBVBaØúta RBHjaNenaHÉgRbesIr

b¤RbesIrkñ úgRBHjaN eRBaHdUecñaH eTIbeQµaHfa manRBHjaNd¾

RbesIr . RBHmanRBHPaKRTg;RBHnamfa manRBHjaNd¾RbesIr KW


RBHsBVBaØ útBaØaN eRBaHRBHGgÁRTg;manRBHjaNd¾RbesIr . Rbkb

esckþIfa sþab;Fm’EdlRBHmanRBHPaK RTg;manRBHjaNd¾RbesIr

eBalKW RBHsBVBaØútBaØaNenaH RTg;sEmþgehIy KW Rtas;TukehIy

b¤RTg;sEmþgeRBaHmanehtu . k¾BaküNaEdlKYreBalTukkñ úgTIenH

BaküenaHKb,IRCabedayn½yEdleBalTukkñúgGdækfa\tivutþk³ eQµaH

fa brmtßTIbnI .

bTfa mKÁM ¬pø Úv¦ )andl; GriymKÁRbkbedayGgÁ 8 .

bTfa bbC¢w ¬)andMeNIreTA¦ )andl; edIreTAehIy .

bTfa GmtsS btþiya ¬edIm,IseRmcGmtFm’¦ RbkbesckþI

fa dMeNIreTAkan;pø ÚvEdlCa])ayénkarseRmcRBHniBVan .

bTfa esa esµInwg esa PKva ¬ERbfa RBHmanRBHPaKRBH

GgÁenaH¦ .

bTfa eyaKekçmsS bfsS ekavieTa ¬GñkQøaskñúgpøÚvd¾ekSm

cakeyaK³¦ esckþIfa CaGñkQøaskñúgpø ÚvénRBHniBVan EdleyaK³

4 minRbTUsra:y KW CaGñkQøasedayl¥ kñúgpø ÚvénRBHniBVanenaH .


k¾kñúgbTfa GñkQøaskñúgpøÚvEdlekSmcakeyaK³ enH manGFib,ay

fa eyIgsþab;karsEmþgGriysc©³ 4 rbs;RBHmanRBHPaK ehIy

dMeNIreTAkan;pøÚvEdlCa])ayCaeRKÓgseRmcGmtFm’ KW eyIgeFVIpøÚv

énvtþbdibtiþ )andl; sUm,IeyIgxøÜnÉgk¾GaRs½yviFIkarrbs;RBHman-

RBHPaKRBHGgÁenaHÉg RTg;CaGñkQøaskñúgpøÚv EdlCaEdnekSmcak

eyaK³ edayRbkarTaMgBYg KW Qøaskñúgsnþanrbs;buKÁldéT b¤

QøaskñúgkarTUnµanGñkdéT dMeNIreTAtampøÚvRtg; . k¾KafaenHÉg

)anCaKafaBüarkN_RBHGrhtþplrbs;RBHefr³ .

cb;Gdækfa qnñetßrKafaTI 9

3


Gdðkza buNÑezrKazaTI 10

[71] sIlemv \F GKÁM bBaØva bn ]tþema

mnuesSsu c eTevsu sIlb,BaØaNeta Cynþi .

sIlhñwgÉg CakMBUlkñúgsasnaenH cMENkbuKÁl

manR)aCJa CabuKÁlRbesIr C½yCMnHkñ úgmnusS nig eTvtaTaMgLay rEmgmaneRBaHsIl nigR)aCJa .

Kafarbs;RBHbuNÑetßr epþImfa sIlb:ueNÑaHCakMBUlkñúgelak

enH . erOgekIteLIgdUcemþc?

sUm,IRBHefr³enaH k¾CaGñkmanGFikar)aneFVITukehIykñúgRBH

BuT§GgÁmun² snSMkuslEdlCa]bnisS½yénRBHniBVanTukkñúgPBenaH²

kñúgelakEdlsUnücakRBHBuT§ kñúgkb,TI 91 GMBIPTÞkb,enH ekItkñúg

RtkUlRBahµN_ ceRmInv½yehIy )ansikSacb;kñúgsil,sa®sþrbs;

RBahµN_TaMgLay eXIjeTaskñúgkamTaMgLay lHXravasvis½y

bYsCatabs sagbNÑkudienAnahimvnþb,eTs .

enARtg;jkPñMmYykEnøg minq¶ayGMBITIenArbs;RBHtabsenaH

-133- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 7 buNÑefrKafaTI 10

manRBHbec©kBuT§GaBaF ehIybriniBVan . kñúgsm½yEdlRBHbec©k-

BuT§enaHbriniBVan )anmanBnøWd¾sen§asen§AeLIg tabseXIjBnøWenaH

ehIy smøwgemIlkñúgTIepSg² edIm,IBinitüfa BnøWenHekIteLIg)andUc

emþc eXIjRBHbec©kBuT§briniBVanRtg;eCIgPñM eTIbnaMykeQIRkGUbmk

dutragkay ¬rbs;RBHbec©kBuT§¦ ehIyeR)aHRBMedayTwkRkGUb . Rtg;

jkPñMenaH maneTvbutþmYyGgÁ QrB§d¾Gakas eBaly:agenHfa

{saFu saFu elaksb,úrs kmµEdljúaMgstV[eTAkan;suKti Edl

elakGñkEsVgrkbuNüFM bMeBjehIy edaybuNüenaH elaknwgekIt

kñ úgsuKtiPBb:ueNÑaH nigelaknwgmannamfa buNÑ³} .

edaybuBaØkmµenaH elakGenÞaleTAkñúgeTvta nigmnusSTaMg

Lay kñúgBuT§ úb,aTkalenH mkekItkñ úgRtkUlKhbtI Rtg;kMBg;Twk

eQµaHsub,ark³ kñúgsunabrnþCnbT eK)annamfa {buNÑ³} . buNÑ-

maNBceRmInv½yehIy eTAkan;Rkúgsavtß I RBmCamYyGñkreTHBYkFM

edayerOglk;dUr .

k¾edaysm½yenaH RBHmanRBHPaKRTg;Rbfab;kñúgRkúgsavtßI .


lMdab;enaH buNÑmaNBeTAkan;RBHvihar RBmCamYy])askGñkRkúg

savtßI sþab;Fm’kñúgsmñak;rbs;RBHsasþa mancitþRCHføa eTIbecjbYs

eFVI[RBHGacarü nigRBH]bCÄay_eBjcitþ edayvtþbdibtþi . éf¶mYy

elakcUleTAKal;RBHsasþa RkabTUlfa {bBiRtRBHGgÁd¾ceRmIn ´

RBHGgÁsUmRBHverakas sUmRBHd¾manRBHPaKRTg;RbTan»vaTeday

segçb EdlCaehtu[´RBHGgÁsþab;ehIy eTAenAkñúgsunabrnþCnbT

)an} . RBHmanRBHPaKRTg;RbTan»vaTdl;elak edayn½yCaedIm

fa {mñalbuNÑ³ rUbTaMgLayEdlKb,IdwgedayckçúmanehIy} ehIy

RTg;bnø WsIhnaT bBa¢ Ún ¬elak¦ eTA} .

elakfVaybgÁMRBHmanRBHPaKehIy k¾eTAkan;sunabrnþCnbT

enARtg;kMBg;TwkeQµaHfa sub,ark³ xVl;xVaykñúgsmf³ nigvibsSna

ehIy)aneFV I[Cak;c,as;nUvviC¢a 3 .


RBHbec©kBuT§ RTg;CasymÖÚ CaGñkmincalcaj;

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 74 TMB½r 220¦ Ca RBHbuNÑketßr .


RTg;RBHRbQYn RTg;GaRs½yjkPñM Rbfab;enAcenøaH

PñM .

xN³enaH mansMeLgbnøWK wkkgedayCuMv ij

GaRsmrbs;eyIg kalRBHbec©kBuT§esþcniBVan )an

manBnøWP ø WsVagekIteLIgkñ úgxN³enaH .

xøaXµú M EqáéRB xøarx in RmwKkac nigraCsIh_

manenAkñ úgdgéRBRbmaNb:unNa stVTaMgGs;enaH

)annaMKñabeBa©jsMeLgyMeLIgkñ úgxN³enaH .

eyIgeXIjesckþIGs©arüenaHehIy )aneTA

kan;jkPñM Rtg;TIenaH eyIg)aneXIjRBHsm<úT § Gñk

mincalcaj; niBVanehIy .

dUcraCRBwkSmanpáar IksÁúHsÁay dUcCadYgRBH

GaTitü]T½y dUcCaregIkePø IgEdlR)ascakGNþat

RBHGgÁRTg;mincalcaj; RTg;rlt;sñiT §ehIy .

eyIgnaMykesµA nigeQI mkKr[eBjehIy


)aneFVIeCIgfáreLIgkñ úgTIenaH RKaeFV IeCIgfárl¥ehIy

)anfVayRBHePø IgRBHBuT§srIr³ .

RKafVayRBHePøIgRBHsrIr³ehIy )annaMykTwk

RkGUbeR)aHRBM kñúgxN³enaH eTvtaQrenAkñúgGakas

)ankMNt;eQµaHfa

mñalGñkCamun I elak)anbMeBjkic©Nadl;

RBHbec©kBuT§ RTg;CasymÖÚ GñkEsVgrkKuNd¾FMéRk

Elg eRBaHkic©enaH elaknwgmannamfa buNÑk³

sBVkal .

eyIgcuticakkayenaHehIy )aneTAkan;eTv-

elak kñúgeTvelakenaH kø inEdlseRmcedayTiBV

k¾Føak;cuHmkGMBIGakas .

sUm,IkñúgeTvelakenaH eyIgk¾eQµaHfabuNÑk³

kñ úgRKaenaH eyIgCaeTvta b¤mnusS rEmgjúa MgnUv

esckþIRtiHr iH[bribUN’ .


PBenHCaPBcugeRkayrbs;eyIg PBcugeRkay

kMBugRbRBwtþeTA sUm,IkñúgPBenH eyIgk¾enAmaneQµaH

fa buNÑk³ .

eyIgjúaMgRBHsm<úT§RBHnamfaeKatmskü Ca

buKÁlRbesIr [eBjRBHT½yehIy kMNt;dwgGasv³

TaMgBYgehIy CabuKÁlminmanGasv³ .


NaTukkñúgRKaenaH edaykmµenaH eyIgminEdlsÁal;

TuKÁtieLIy enHCaplénkarfVayRBHePø Ig cMeBaHRBH

BuT§srIr³ .



RBHefr³kalseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy júaMgCnCaeRcIn[RCHføa

kñúgRBHsasna edaybursRbmaN 500 nak; RbkasxøÜnCa])ask

nigRsIRbmaN 500 nak; RbkasxøÜnCa])asika . elak[eKsag


RBHKn§kudi eQµaHfa cnÞnmala edayedImcnÞRkhmRtg;sunabrnþ

CnbTenaH GaraFnaRBHmanRBHPaKedayTUt KW kRmgpáafa {sUm

RBHbrmsasþa cUrRTg;TTYlkRmgpáaRBmedayPikç ú 500 rUb¬1¦} .

k¾RBHmanRBHPaKesþcyageTATIRBHKn§kudi eQµaHfa cnÞnmalaenaH

RBmTaMgPikç úcMnYnb:ueNÑaH edayGanuPaBénbJT§ × RTg;TTYlRBHKn§kudi

eQµaHfa cnÞnmala kalenAminTan;GruNrH k¾esþcyagRtLb; .

kñúgevlatmk RBHefr³kalnwgBüakrN_ RBHGrhtþplkñúgkalbri-

niBVan )aneBalKafaenHfa

sIlb:ueNÑaHCakMBUlkñúgelakenH cMENkGñk

manR)aCJaCaGñkRbesIrbMput TaMgkñúgBBYkmnusS nig

eTvta C½yCMnHrEmgmaneRBaHsIl nigR)aCJa .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa sIlM ¬sIl¦ eQµaHfa sIl eday

Gtßfa RbRktI eQµaHfa sIl edayGtßfa CaTItaMg nigedayGtß

fa smaTan .

1¦ c,ab;RsIlgáa manBaküfa {Knþ¡a³ n½yfa sUmcUresþcyagmk ¬kan;RBHKn§kudi¦ RBmTaMgPikçú 500 rUb .


BitehIy sIlCaTItaMgénKuNTaMgBYg eRBaHehtuenaH elak

eTIbeBalfa {nrCntaMgenAehIykñúgsIl CaGñkmanbBaØa} GFib,ay

fa buKÁltaMgenAkñúgsIl nigeFVIkayvaca[erobry . sIlenHb:ueNÑaH

eQµaHfa RbesIr eRBaHCabJsKl; nigeRBaHCaRbFanénKuNTaMgBYg .

smdUcRBHtRmas;EdlRtas;Tukfa {mñalPikçú eRBaHehtuenaHÉg Gñk

cUrjúaMgxagedIménkuslFm’TaMgLay[brisuT§Camun xagedIménkus-

lFm’ KWGVI? KW sIlEdlbrisuT§} dUecñHCaedImpg nigfa {EdleQµaH

fa )atiemakç )andl; sIlEdlCaRbFan nigsIlEdlCaRbmux}

dUecñHpg .

bTfa \F ¬kñúgelakenH¦ RtwmEtCani)at .

bTfa bBaØva ¬GñkmanbBaØa¦ )andl; Gñkdl;RBmedayjaN .

GñkEdlsm,ÚredayjaNenaH CaGñkx<s;bMput KW RbesIrbMput )an

dl; d¾elIs eRBaHdUecñaH RBHefr³eTIbsEmþgfa bBaØaenaHÉgRbesIr

bMput edayKafaEdlCabuKÁlaFidæan eRBaHfa kuslFm’TaMgLay

manbBaØaCakMBUl .


\LÚvenH RBHefr³sEmþgfa sIl nigbBaØaCakMBUl nigRbesIr

eRBaHehtufa TaMgkñúgBYkmnusS nigBYkeTvta C½yCMnHrEmgmaneRBaH

sIl nigbBaØa . GFib,ayfa nwgQñHbrbkç)an nwgQñHkamkiels

)an eRBaHsIl nigbBaØaCaehtu .

cb;Gdækfa buNÑefrKafaTI 10

3


RBHvb,efr³ 1 RBHvC¢Ibutþkefr³ 1 RBHbkáefr³ 1 RBHvimlekaNÐBaØefr³ 1 RBH]ekçbkdvcäefr³ 1 RBHemXiyefr³ 1 RBHÉkFmµsvniyefr³ 1 RBHÉkuTaniyefr³ 1 RBHqnñefr³ 1 RBHbuNÑefr³ 1

dUecñHÉg .

s t r

-141- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 8 vcä)lefrKafaTI 1

Gdðkza Ékni:t

vK<TI 8

Gdðkza vcä:letær

[72] susuxumnibuNtßTsSi na

mtikuseln nivatvutþ ina sM e s vi t Bu T§ sw lI n a

niBVanM n hi etn TuløPnþ i .

buKÁlGñkyl;eXIjRbeyaCn_d¾l¥itsuxuméRkElg Ca GñkQøasévedayR)aCJa mankiriyaRbRBwtþ»nlMeTan

CaGñkesBl¥ehIynUvsIlénRBHBuT§enaH minEmn)an

RBHniBVanedayRkeT .

Kafarbs;RBHvcä)aletßr manBaküepþ Imfa RBHeyaKavcrGñk

manRbRktIeXIjGtßd¾suxum . erOgekIteLIgdUcemþc?

sUm,IRBHefr³enH k¾CaGñkmanGFikar)aneFVITukehIykñúgRBHBuT§


GgÁmun² snSMbuNüTukkñúgPBenaH² GenÞaleTAkñúgeTvta nigmnusS

TaMgLay . kñúgkb,TI 91 GMBIPTÞkb,enH ekItkñ úgRtkUlRBahµN_

seRmckarsikSakñúgsil,sa®sþrbs;RBahµN_TaMgLayehIy beRmI

ePø Ig éf¶mYy ykfassMrwT§ iFMdak;)ayas EsVgrkTkçieNyübuKÁl

eXIjRBHd¾manRBHPaKRBHnamfa vibsSI esþcc®gámenAkñúgGakas

ekItkarGs©arükñúgcitþ fVaybgÁMRBHmanRBHPaK sEmþgbMNgnwgfVay

RBHmanRBHPaKRTg;GaRs½yesckþIGnueRKaH eTIbRTg;TTYl)ayas .


eyIgRtÚvkarnwgbYgsYgbUCayBaØ eTIbdYs)ay

)ayasdak;kñ úgfassMrwT§ i edayédrbs;xøÜn ehIy

beg¥annaMeRKÓgBlIkmµcUleTA )aneXIjRBHsmµa-

sm<úT§ manRBHqvIvNÑdUcmas manRBHlkçN³RbesIr

32 Rbkar EhhmedayPikç úsgÇ kMBugesþcyag

ecjcakéRBFM .

sm½yenaH RBHmanRBHPaK CaeCdæbursén

1¦ GbTan bidkelx 73 TMB½r 36¦ Ca RBH)ayasTayketßr .


elak CabuKÁlGg;GacCagnrCn esþceLIgedayl¥

kan;TIc®gámkñ úgGakas .

eyIgeXIjPaBGs©arü EdlminFøab;man eFV I

[RBWeramehIy dak;fassMrwT§ ic uH ehIyfVaybgÁM

RBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa vibsSI .

TUlfa bBiRtRBHmhamunI RBHGgÁCaRBHsBV-

BaØÚBuT§kñ úgelak RBmTaMgeTvelak nigmnusSelak

sUmRBHGgÁcUrRTg;GnueRKaH TTYl)ay)ayasrbs;

´RBHGgÁcuH .

RBHmanRBHPaK RTg;CasBVBaØÚ GñknaMénelak

Casasþad¾kMBUlkñúgelak RTg;RCabesckþIRtiHriHrbs;

eyIgehIy RTg;TTYl .


TanNakñúgRKaenaH eRBaHTanenaH eyIgminEdlsÁal;

TuKÁtieLIy enHCaplénkarfVay)ayas .



esþccRkBtþiCaFMCakSRt RBHnamfa BuT§³ bribUN’




RBHefr³luHseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy kalnwgRbkasfa elak

seRmcniBVanedaygay eTIbeBalKafaenHfa

RBHeyaKavcrGñkmanRbRktI eXIjRbeyaCn_

d¾suxum nigl¥it GñkmanbBaØaQøasév CaGñkRbRBwtþ

»nlMeTan bnÞabxøÜn GñkRbRBwtþtamsIlrbs;RBHBuT§

edayeGIeBI Kb,I)anRBHniBVanedayminlM)ak .

bNþáabTTaMgenaH bTfa susuxumnibuNtßTsSina ¬eXIjGtß

d¾suxum nigl¥it¦ esckþIfa RBHeyaKavcrelIksgçareLIgkan;éRt-

lkçN_ mansPaBmineTogCaedImehIy eXIjRbeyaCn_kñúgFm’ man

Griysc©³ nigbdic©smub,aTCaedIm EdleQµaHfa suxum eRBaHGtßfa


eXIj)anlM)akéRkElg eQµaHfa l¥it eRBaHGtßfa l¥itl¥n; eRBaH

dUecñaH eTIbeQµaHfa GñkmanRbRktIeXIjGtßd¾suxum nigl¥it/ dl;

RBHeyaKavcrenaH .

bTfa mtikuseln ¬GñkmanbBaØaQøasév¦ esckþIfa Gñk

manbBaØa KW bBaØaQøasév )andl; QøaskñúgkarjúaMgFmµvicy-

sem<aCÄgÁb,BaØa[ekIteLIgfa bBaØarEmgceRmIndl;GñkRbRBwtþy:ag

enH minceRmIndl;GñkRbRBwtþy:agenH dUecñH .

bTfa nivatvutþina ¬GñkRbRBwtþ»nlMeTan bnÞabxøÜn¦ esckþIfa

manRbRktIRbRBwtþ»nlMeTan bnÞabxøÜn kñúgmitþRBhµcarITaMgLay nig

RbRBwtþbdibtþitamsmKYr kñúgRBHefr³EdlmanvsSacas; nigPikçúfµI .

bTfa sMesvitvuT§sIlina¬1¦ ¬GñkRbRBwtþtamsIlrbs;RBHBuT§

edayeGIeBI¦ esckþIfa sIlrbs;RBHBuT§EdlRBHeyaKavcresBehIy

KW RbRBwtþehIyedayeGIeBI eQµaHfa GñkmansIlrbs;RBHBuT§Edl

RbRBwtþehIyedayeGIeBI/ EdlRBHeyaKavcrGñkmansIlrbs;RBHBuT§

RbRBwtþehIy edayeGIeBIenaH . mü:ageTot sIlrbs;RBHBuT§Edl

1¦ bidk = sMesvitBuT §sIlina .


RBHeyaKavcrenaHesBehIy KW cUleTAbMerIehIy eRBaHehtuenaH

eTIbeQµaHfa RBHeyaKavcrGñkmansIlrbs;RBHBuT§EdlxøÜn)anesB

ehIy/ EdlRBHeyaKavcrenaH .

hi sBÞ manehtuCaGtß . GFib,ayesckþIfa eRBaHRBH

eyaKavcrmankarRbRBwtþbnÞabxøÜn mansIlrbs;RBHBuT§Edl)anesB

ehIy manbBaØaQøasév manRbRktIeXIjRbeyaCn_d¾suxum nigl¥it

dUecñaH RBHeyaKavcrenaHeTIb)anRBHniBVanedayminlM)ak . GFib,ay

fa bNÐitTaMgLayrEmgsMKal;RBHeyaKavcrenaHfa KYrdas;etOn

KYrTUnµan eRBaHCaGñkmanRbRktIRbRBwtþbnÞabxø Ün nigeRBaHCaGñkman

sIlrbs;RBHBuT§EdlxøÜnesBehIy TaMgRBHeyaKavcrenH k¾taMgenA

kñúg»vaTrbs;bNÐitTaMgenaH ceRmInvibsSna rEmgseRmcRBHniBVan

kñ úgevlaminyUreLIy eRBaHCabuKÁlmanbBaØaQøasév nigeRBaHCa

GñkmanRbRktIeXIjRbeyaCn_d¾suxum nigl¥ . k¾KafaenHÉg )an

CaKafaBüakrN_RBHGrhtþplrbs;RBHefr³ dUecñHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa vcä)letßrKafaTI 1

3

-147- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 8 GatumefrKafaTI 2

Gdðkza GatumezrKazaTI 2

[73] yfa klIera susu vDÆiteKÁa

Tunñ ik çesa ehati bsaxCaeta

ÉvM GhM PriyayanItay

GnumBaØ mM bBVCietamðiTanIti .

TMBaMgbJsSIenAx©I mancuglUtlas; EbkédecjehIy

buKÁle)aceracecj)anedayRk y:agNamij Gatµa

kalebImatanaMPriyamk[ k¾y:agenaHEdr sUmejam

yl;tamGatµacuH eRBaH\LÚvenH GatµabYsehIy .

RBHGatumetßr .

Kafarbs;RBHGatumetßr manBaküepþImfa TMBaMgbJsSI mancug

lUtehIy¦ . erOgekIteLIgdUcemþc?

sUm,Ielak k¾CaGñkmanGFikarEdleFVITukehIykñúgRBHBuT§GgÁ


kb,TI 91 GMBIPTÞkb,enH ekItkñúgpÞHmanRtkUl luHdwgkþIehIy eXIj


RBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa vibsSI esþckMBugyageTAkñúgrvagpøÚv man

citþRCHføa )aneFVIkarbUCaedayTwkRkGUb nigedaylm¥itRkGUb . eRBaH

buBaØkmµenaH elakeTAekItkñúgeTvelak GenÞaleTAmkEtkñúgeTvelak

b:ueNÑaH bYskñúgRBHsasnarbs;RBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa ksSb³

ehIybMeBjsmNFm’ EtminGacnwgeFVIKuNviess[ekIteLIg)an

eRBaHjaNminTan;cas;køa .

luHkñúgBuT§úb,aTkalenH mkekItCaesdæIbutþ kñúgRkúgsavtßI man

namfa Gatum³ kalceRmInv½yehIy mataRbwkSaCamYyBYkjatifa

{BYkeyIgnwgnaMPriyamk[butþrbs;eyIg} eKBicarNaehtuenaHehIy

RtÚvehtusm,tþ idas;etOn eTIbKitfa {RbeyaCn_GV IEdleyIgnwgenA

RKb;RKgpÞH eyIgnwgbYskñúgkal\LÚvenH} ehIyeTAkan;smñak;rbs;

Pikç úTaMgLay bYsehIy . matamanbMNg[elakEdlbYsehIy

swkmkvij eTIblYgelamedayn½yepSg² . elakminRBm[»kas

dl;mata kalnwgRbkasGFüaRs½yrbs;xøÜn )aneBalKafaenHfa

TMBaMgb£sSI mancuglUtehIy manédceRmIn


ehIy lM)aknwge)aceracecj)an y:agNa Gatµa

k¾y:agenaH kalebIejamEm:naMPriyamk[ ¬k¾lM)ak

nwgecjbYs)an¦ sUmGnuBaØatcuHejamEm: \LÚvenH

GatµabYsCabBVCitehIy .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa klIera ¬edImbJsI¦ )andl; TMBaMg .

EtkñúgKafaenH elaksMedATMBaMgénedImbJsSI .

bTfa susu ¬x© I¦ manGayuenAtic .

bTfa vDÆiteKÁa ¬mancuglUtehIy¦ esckþIfa manEmkceRmIn

lUtlas;l¥ . mü:ageTot bTfa susuvDÆiteKÁa esckþIfa duHCa

EmksaxaecjeTAedayl¥ KW mansøwk nigEbkekItehIy .

bTfa Tunñikçema ¬lM)aknwge)aceracecj)an¦ esckþIfa min

Gacnwgdk KW naMecjGMBIKum<bJsSI)an . bTfa bsaxCaeta ¬man

EmkceRmInehIy¦ esckþIfa manEmktUcFMekItehIy KW sUm,IEtmYy

Emk k¾ekItEmktUc² RKb;fña Mg .

bTfa ÉvM GhM PriyayanItay ¬Gatµak¾dUecñaH kalejamEm:


sUm,InaMPriyamk[¦ esckþIfa edImbJsSIEdlEbkKum< manEmktUc²

cak;ERsHKñakñúgcenøaHedIm rEmgCarbs;naMecj)anedaylM)ak GMBI

Kum<b£sSI y:agNa sUm,IGatµak¾dUecñaH kalejamEm:naMPriyamk[

k¾Kb,ICaGñkmankarceRmInduHdal edaybutþ nigFItaCaedIm lM)ak

nwgerIxø ÜnecjGMBIXravasvis½y)an eRBaHmanvtß úCaeRKÓgs¥it .

eRbóbdUcTMBaMgb£sSI EdlminTan;manEmkcak;ERsH rEmgnaM

ecjGMBIKum<b£sSI)anedaygay y:agNa sUm,IGatµak¾dUecñaH kal

vtßúCaeRKÓgcg KW butþ nigPriyaCaedImminTan;ekIt rEmgerIxø Ünecj

)angay eRBaHehtuenaH kalejamEm:minTan;naMPriyamk[ Gatµa

eTIbsUmGnuBaØatejamEm: KW sUm[ejamEm:GnuBaØatedayxøÜnÉg .

bTfa bBVCietamðiTani ¬\LÚvenH GatµabYsCabBVCitehIy¦

esckþIfa RBHefr³RbkasesckþIeRtkGrkñ úgkarecjbYsrbs;xøÜnfa

{k¾\LÚvenH eyIgbYsehIy KW karEdleyIgbYsehIyenaH Cakar

l¥ KW l¥ehIy} . mü:ageTot RBHefr³R)ab;dl;matafa {ejamEm:

cUrGnuBaØatcuH kñ úgkal\LÚvenH GatµabYsCabBVCitehIy} .


k¾kñ úg)aTKafaenH manGFib,aydUecñH ebIejamEm:minRBmkñúg

kaledIm Et\LÚvenH Gatµa)anbYsehIy eRBaHdUecñaH ejamcUrGnuBaØat

edIm,I[GatµataMgenAkñ úgsmNPaBenaHcuH ejamEm:minKb,I[Gatµa

vilRtLb;mk ¬CaXravas¦ . k¾kalRBHefr³eBaly:agenH CamYy

KñanwgkareBalenaHÉg ceRmInvibsSna júaMgkiels[Gs;eTAtam

lMdab;énmKÁ k¾)anCaGñkmanGPiBaØa 6 ehIy .


eyIgGgÁúyenAelIR)asaTd¾RbesIr )aneXIj

RBHCinRsIRBHnamfa vibsSI RTg;s¥atdUcedImf¶an; Ca

sBVBaØ Ú GñkkMcat;PaBggwt .

RTg;CaGñknaMénelak esþcdMeNIreTAkñ úgTImin

q¶ayGMBIR)asaT rsµIrbs;RBHGgÁPøWsVag dUckñúgkal

RBHGaTitüGsþgÁtehIy .

eyIgpÁgTwkRkGUb eR)aHRBM ¬bUCa¦ RBHBuT§Ca

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 38¦ Ca RBHKen§aTkiyetßr .


buKÁlRbesIrbMput eyIgeFVIkalkiriyaenAkñúgTIenaH TaMg

citþEdlRCHføaenaH .

kñúgkb,TI 91 GMBIPTÞkb,enH eyIg)aneR)aH

RBMT wkRkGUbNa edaykmµenaH eyIgminEdlsÁal;



cRkBtþiCaFMCagkSRt RTg;RBHnamfa suKn§³ RTg;




RBHefr³)anGPiBaØa 6 ehIy lamata kalmatakMBugsmøwg

emIlenaHÉg k¾ehaHeTAtampøÚvGakas . sUm,IeRkayBIkarseRmc

GrhtþehIy elakk¾)aneBalEtKafamYyenaHbu :eNÑaHerOy² .

bNþabTTaMgenaH edayGagdl;bTenHfa bBVCietamð i sUm,I

KafaenH eTIbCaKafaBüakrN_Grhtþplrbs;RBHefr³ eRBaHsEmþg


dl; karevordac;xatcakénmnÞilmanraK³CaedIm kñ úgsnþanrbs;xøÜn

)anehIy . eRBaHehtuenaH RBHmanRBHPaKeTIbRtas;fa {eRBaHehtu

enaH Gñkkm©at;mnÞ ilrbs;xø Ün)an eTIbehAfa bBVCit} dUecñH .

cb;Gdækfa GatumefrKafaTI 2

3


Gdðkza maNvezrKazaTI 3

[74] CiNÑBa© TisVa TukçitBa© BüaFitM

mtBa© TisVa KtmayusgçyM

teta GhM nikçmitUn bBVCw bhay kamani menarmanIti .

éXIjmnusScas;Cra QWcab; RbkbedayTukç TaMg

eXIjmnusSdl;nUvkarGs;eTAénGayu søab;ehIy ehtu

enaH ´lHbg;kamCaTIeRtkGréncitþ ehIyecjbYs .

Kafarbs;RBHmaNvetßr epþ Imfa eyIgeXIjmnusScas; .



GgÁmun² snSMkuslEdlCa]bnisS½yénRBHniBVanTuk kñúgPBenaH²

kñúgkb,TI 91 GMBIPTÞkb,enH ekItkñ úgRtkUlRBahµN_ CaRKÚTay

lkçN³ emIllkçN³énRBHGPiCatirbs;RBHmanRBHPaK RBHnamfa

vibsSI RbkasbuBVnimitþ ehIyBüakrN_fa {RBHGgÁnwg)anRtas;Ca

-155- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 8 maNvefrKafaTI 3

RBHBuT§edaycMENkmYy} sresIredayn½yepSg² fVaybgÁMehIy k¾

eFV IRbTkSiNecosecjeTA .

edaybuBaØkmµenaH eKGenÞaleTAEtkñ úgsuKtiEtmü:ag kñúgBuT§ ú-

b,aTkalenH mkekItkñúgpÞHrbs;RBahµN_mhasal kñúgRkúgsavtß I

ceRmInv½yehIy enAEtxagkñúgpÞHrhUtGs; 7 qñaM . kñúgqñaMTI 7 BYk

brivark¾naMeTAelg]Tüan edIm,I[ekItenAcMeNHdwg eXIjmnusScas;

mnusSQW nigmnusSsøab;kñúgrvagpøÚv eTIbsYrCnCabrivarTaMgenaH eRBaH

minFøab;eXIjmnusScas; mnusSQW nigmnusSsøab; dwgsPaBrbs;

Cra BüaFi nigmrN³ ehIyekItesckþItk;søút eTIbRtLb;GMBITIenaH

eTAkan;vihar sþab;Fm’kñ úgsmñak;rbs;RBHbrmsasþaehIy sUmkar

GnuBaØatGMBImatabitaecjbYs epþ ImvibsSna )anseRmcRBHGrhtþ

kñ úgevlaminyUr .


kalRBHvibsSIeBaFistVRbsUt eyIg)anBüa-

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx TMB½r ¦ Ca RBHsmµúkçafviketßr .


krN_nimitþfa nwgjúaMgBYkCn[rlt;Tukç nwgCaRBHBuT§

kñ úgelak .

kalRBHd¾manRBHPaKRBHGgÁNaRbsUt muWn

elakFatujab;j½r \LÚvenH RBHmanRBHPaKRBHGgÁ

enaH CasasþaGñkmanckçú RTg;sEmþgFm’ .

kalRBHmanRBHPaKRBHGgÁNaRbsUt )anman

BnøWd ¾FMTUlay \LÚvenH RBHmanRBHPaKGgÁenaH Ca

sasþaRTg;manRBHckçú RTg;sEmþgFm’ehIy .

kalRBHmanRBHPaKRBHGgÁNaRbsUt sÞwg

TaMgLayminhUr \LÚvenH RBHmanRBHPaKRBHGgÁenaH

CasasþaRTg;manRBHckçú RTg;sEmþgFm’ehIy .

kalRBHmanRBHPaKRBHGgÁNaRbsUt ePø Ig

kñúgGvicInrk mineqHeLIg \LÚvenH RBHmanRBHPaK

RBHGgÁenaH CasasþaGñkmanRBHckçú RTg;sEmþgFm’

ehIy .


kalRBHmanRBHPaKRBHGgÁNaRbsUt BYkbkSI

minsBa©reTA \LÚvenH RBHmanRBHPaKRBHGgÁenaH


kalRBHmanRBHPaKRBHGgÁNaRbsUt xül;

rEmgminbk; \LÚvenH RBHmanRBHPaKRBHGgÁenaH


kalRBHmanRBHPaKRBHGgÁNaRbsUt Ekv

RKb;RbePT k¾PøWr ugerOg \LÚvenH RBHmanRBHPaK

RBHGgÁenaH CasasþaRTg;manRBHckçú RTg;sEmþgFm’

ehIy .

kalRBHmanRBHPaKRBHGgÁNaRbsUt RTg;

QanRBH)aTeTA 7 CMhan \LÚvenH RBHmanRBH

PaKRBHGgÁenaH CasasþaRTg;manRBHckçú RTg;sEmþg

Fm’ehIy .

evlaRBHsmµasm<úT §RbsUtehIyb:ueNÑaH RTg;


k¾eqµógRBHenRtemIlTisTaMgBYg RTg;EføgGasPivaca

enHCaFmµtarbs;RBHBuT§Ta MgLay .

eyIgjúaMgBYkCn[ekItsegVK sresIrRBHman

RBHPaKCaGñknaMénelak fVaybgÁMRBHsmµasm<úT§ehIy

EbrmuxRtLb;eTAkan;TisxagekIt .

kñúgkb,TI 91 GMBIPTÞkb,enH eyIgsresIr

RBHBuT§Na eRBaHkarsresIrenaH eyIgminEdlsÁal;

TuKÁtieLIy enHCaplénkarsresIr .


cRkBtþi RTg;RBHnamfa smµúxafvik³ bribUN’eday

Ekv 7 Rbkar manBlanuPaBeRcIn .


cRkBtþi RTg;RBHnamfa bzvITunÞúPi bribUN’edayEkv

7 Rbkar manBlanuPaBeRcIn .



cRkBtþiCaFMCagkSRt RTg;RBHnamfa »Pas³ RTg;



cRkBtþi RTg;RBHnamfa sritecäTn³ bribUN’eday



cRkBtþi RTg;RBHnamfa GKÁniBVabn³ bribUN’eday



cRkBtþi RTg;RBHnamfa vatsm³ RTg;bribUN’eday



cRkBtþi RTg;RBHnamfa ktibecäTn³¬1¦ bribUN’eday

7 Rbkar manBlanuPaBeRcIn .

1¦ )alIGbTansüamrdæ Ca KtibecäTena .



cRkBtþi RTg;RBHnamfa rtnbC¢l³ RTg;bribUN’eday



cRkBtþi RTg;RBHnamfa bTvikámn³ bribUN’eday



cRkBtþi RTg;RBHnamfa vielakn³ RTg;bribUN’eday



cRkBtþi RTg;RBHnamfa Kirsar³ RTg;bribUN’eday




RBHefr³seRmcRBHGrhtþehIy RtÚvPikç úTaMgLaysYrfa {Gñk


manGayu elakenAekµgNas; bYsedaykartk;søútkñ úgGV I?} kal

nwgBüakrN_RBHGrhtþpl edayGagdl;nimitþ EdlCaehtu[elak

bBVC¢a )aneBalKafafa

eyIgeXIjmnusScas; mnusSQW nigmnusS

søab;tamGayux½yehIy tGMBIenaH eTIb)anlHkama-

rmµN_ EdlCarbs;eRtkGréncitþ ecjbYs .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa CiNÑM ¬mnusScas;¦ esckþIfa Gñk

RtÚvCraRKbsgát; KW dl;RBmedaysPaB maneFµj)ak; sk;sáÚv

nigPaBCaGñkmanEs,kRCIvRCÜj CaedIm .

bTfa Tuki çt M ¬QWcab;¦ KW dl;nUvPaBlM)akEdleKdwgfa Ca

Tukç .

bTfa BüaFitM esµIKñanwg KilanM ¬mnusSQW¦ . k¾kñ úgTIenH

kalniyayfa BüaFitM sMedAdl; karRbsBVTukç . bTfa Tukç itM

mann½yR)ab;dl;PaBCaGñkmanCm¶WF¶n;énGñkEdldl;esckþITukçenaH .

bTfa mtM ¬mnusSsøab;¦ )andl; CnGñksøab;ehIy eRBaH


ehtuénGñkeFV Ikal³ehIy rEmgeQµaHfa dl;nUvkarGs; karvinas

karEbkFøayénGayu dUecñaH eTIbelakeBalfa søab;tamGayux½y .

eRBaHehtuenaH KW eRBaHehtuEdlmnusScas; mnusSQW nigmnusS

søab; elak)aneXIjehIy )andl; eRBaHehtuEdlelakdl;nUv

esckþItk;søútfa {EdleQµaHfa karcas;CaedImTaMgenH minmanEt

cMeBaHstVTaMgenaHbu:eNÑaH edayBit k¾manTUeTAdl;stVTaMgBYg eRBaH

dUecñaH sUm,IeyIgk¾minknøgputcakkarcas;CaedImeTA)an .

bTfa nikçmitUn ¬ecj¦ )andl; ecjehIy . )alIy:ag

dUecñHk¾man . ¬esckþIfa¦ ecjcakpÞH edaybMNgnwgbBVC¢a .

bTfa bBVC¢ w ¬bYs¦ esckþIfa cUldl;bBVC¢akñ úgRBHsasna

rbs;RBHsasþa .

bTfa bhay kamani menarmani ¬eTIb)anlHkamarmµN_Edl

Carbs;rIkrayéncitþ¦ esckþIfa lHvtß úkam EdleQµaHfa Carbs;

rIkrayéncitþ eRBaHeFV Icitþrbs;GñkminTan;R)ascakraK³ [eRtkGr

edayPaBCarbs;KYrR)afña KYrRsLaj;CaedIm GFib,ayfa lHbg;


qnÞraK³EdlTak;TgCamYyvtßúkamenaH edaydac;xat edayGriymKÁ

KW edaykarminsmø wgrMéB .

k¾BaküCaKafaenH )anCaKafaBüakrN_RBHGrhtþplrbs;RBH

efr³ eRBaHsMedAdl;karlHbg;kamTaMgLay . RBHefr³enH)annam

fa maNv³ eRBaHehtuEdlelakbYskñúgevlaenACamaNB ¬enACa

kMelaH¦ dUecñHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa maNvefrKafaTI 3

3


Gdðkza suyamnezrKazaTI 4

[75] kamcäenÞa c Büa)aeTa fInmiT§Ba© Pikç úena

]T§c© M vicikicäa c sBVesav n viC¢tIti .

kamcänÞ³ Büa)aT³ fInmiT§³ ]T§c©kukáúc©³ vicikicäa rEmg

minmandl;Pikçú edaysBVRKb; .

RBHsuyamnetßr .

Kafarbs;RBHsuyamnetßr manBaküepþ Imfa esckþIeBjcitþ

kñ úgkamKuN . erOgekIteLIgdUcemþc?


GgÁmun² snSMbuNüCaeRcInTukkñúgPBenaH² kñúgkalRBHmanRBHPaK

RBHnamfa vibsSI kñúgkb,TI 91 GMBIPTÞkb,enH elak)anekItkñ úg

RtkUlRBahµN_ kñ úgFBaØvtInKr ceRmInv½yehIy sikSaseRmckñúg

sil,sa®sþrbs;RBahµN_TaMgLay )anCaGacarübeRgónmnþdl;BYk

RBahµN_ . k¾sm½yenaH RBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfavibsSI esþcyag

cUleTAkan;RkúgFBaØvtIedIm,IbiNÐ)at RBmedayPikçúsgÇBYkFM .

-165- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 8 suyamnefrKafaTI 4

RBahµN_eXIjRBHmanRBHPaKRBmedayPikç úTaMgLay k¾man

citþRCHføa nimnþesþcyageTAkan;pÞHrbs;xø Ün erobcMGasn³ ehIy

eraypáaeQIelIGasn³enaHfVay . k¾kalRBHsasþaRbfab;Kg;elI

Gasn³enaHehIy )anGgáas[RTg;Eq¥tsáb;sál;edayGahard¾RbNIt

ehIybUCaRBHsasþaEdlRTg;esayeRscehIy edaypáakRmg nig

eRKÓgRkGUb . RBHsasþaRTg;GnuemaTnaehIy esþcyagecjeTA .

eRBaHbuBaØkmµenaH eKk¾)aneTAekItkñúgeTvelak eFVIbuNüt² mk

GenÞaleTAkñ úgeTvta nigmnusSTaMgLay kñúgBuT§ úb,aTkalenH mk

ekItCabutþrbs;RBahµN_mñak; kñúgRkúgsavtßI eKmannamfa suyamn³ .

eKceRmInv½yehIy eroncb;éRtevT CaGñkKitsuxumNas; regáóskñúg

karesBkamarmµN_EbbCaGñkRsúk manGFüaRs½ybeg¥aneTAkñúgQan

ekItsT§a kñúgkalEdlRBHd¾manRBHPaKesþcyageTAkan;Rkúgsavtß I

bYsehIy )anseRmcRBHGrhtþ kñúgxN³EdlkaMbitekardl;sIs³

enaHÉg .


1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 42¦ Ca RBHkusumasniyetßr .


RKaenaH eyIgCaRBahµN_ enAkñ úgRkúgFBaØvtI

eroncb;éRtevT CaGñkcUlcitþkñúgbT cUlcitþevyüa-

krN_ CaGñkQøaskñúgtRmaTaylkçN³ kñúgKm<Ir\-

tihasa®sþ RBmTaMgKm<IrniXNÐú nigKm<IrekduP³ Ca

GñkQøaskñúgnimitþ R)ab;mnþdl;sisSTaMgLay .

eyIgtmál;páa]b,l 5 kþab; TukelIxñg bMNg

nwgbYgsYgbUCayBaØ kñ úgsmaKmbitamata .

kñúgevlaenaH RBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfavibsSI

RTg;RbesIrCagnrCn EhhmedayPikçúsgÇ RTg;jMúag

TisTaMgBYg[PøW ehIyesþcyagmk .

eyIgRkalGasn³ehIy Rkalpáa]b,lenaH

nimnþRBHmhamunI naMmkkan;pÞHrbs;xø Ün .

GamisNaEdleyIgeRtómTuk mankñúgpÞHrbs;

xø Ün eyIgRCHføa )anfVayGamisenaHcMeBaHRBHsm<úT §

edayédTaMg 2 rbs;xøÜn .


eyIgdwgevla EdlRBHmanRBHPaKRTg;esay

eRscehIy k¾)anfVaypáa]b,lmYykþab; RBHsBVBaØÚ

RTg;GnuemaTnaehIy EbrRBHP®kþyagRtLb;eTAkan;

Tis]tþr .


páaNa kñúgRKaenaH eRBaHkarfVaypáaenaH eyIgmin

EdlsÁal;TuKÁti enHCaplénkarfVaypáa .

kñúgkb,CalMdab;GMBIkb,enH eyIg)anekItCa

esþccRkBtþi RTg;RBHnamfa vrTsSn³ RTg;bribUN’




RBHefr³RKaseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy kalnwgBüakrN_Grhtþ-

pl edaykarbBa¢ak;dl;karlHnIvrN³CasMxan; )aneBalKafafa

esckþIeBjcitþkñúgkamKuN karBüa)aT PaB


gguyegakgk; esckþIraymayrMxancitþ nigesckþI

sgS½y rEmgminmandl;Pikçú edayRbkarTaMgBYg .

bNþabTTaMgenH bTfa kamcäenÞa ¬kareBjcitþkñ úgkamKuN¦

)andl; esckþIeBjcitþkñúgkamTaMgLay eQµaHfa kamcänÞ³ eRBaH

TaMgCakam TaMgCaesckþIeBjcitþ )andl; esckþIeRtkGrkñúgkam .

k¾raK³sUm,ITaMgGs; eQµaHfa kamcänÞ³kñúgKafaenH eRBaHelakbMNg

ykraK³EdlRtÚvsmøab;edaymKÁd¾elIs eRBaHehtuenaH RBHefr³eTIb

eBalfa rEmgminmandl;PikçúedayRbkarTaMgBYg . GFib,ayfa Fm’

EdlRbRBwtþeTAkñ úgPUmi 3 TaMgGs; eQµaHfa kam eRBaHCaTItaMg

énesckþIR)afña raK³EdlRbRBwtþeTAkñ úgkamenaH eQµaHfa kamcänÞ³

eRBaHehtuenaH RBHmanRBHPaKeTIbRtas;fa {eRBaHGaRs½ykamcänÞ-

nivrN³ fInmiT§nivrN³ ]T§c©nivrN³ GviC¢anivrN³ eTIbekIteLIg

kñúgGrUbPB} .

EdleQµaHfa Büa)aT eRBaHGtßfa Caehtudl;nUvesckþIvinas

KW dl;sPaBs¥úyéncitþ )andl; GaXatEdlRbRBwtþeTAehIyeday


n½yCaedImfa GñkenH)aneFV IesckþIvinasdl;eyIg dUecñH .

EdleQµaHfa fIn³ KW sPaBéncitþminKYrdl;kargar )andl;

karenOyht; minman]sSah³ .

EdleQµaHfa miT§³ KW sPaBénkayminKYrdl;kargar )andl;

xVHPaBRkevInRketIn ¬xñHExñg¦ .

TaMgfIn³ nigmiT§³ ¬kargguyegakgk;¦ sUm,ITaMg 2 y:ag rYm

ehAfa fInmiT§³ elakeBalrYmKñaTuk eRBaHCabdibkçdl;kareFVIkargar

dUcKña .

PaBéncitþpSayeLIg eQµaHfa ]T§c©³ KW citþRtÚvelIkeLIg KW

mins¶b;eRBaHFm’Na Fm’enaH cat;fa CakarpSayeLIgéncitþ )andl;

]T§c©³ . sUm,Ikuká úc©³ ¬karrMxan¦ k¾Kb,IRCabfa elakkan;ykehIy

edaysBÞfa ]T§c©³ kñ úgKafaenH eRBaHkuká úc©³enaH k¾Cabdibkçdl;

muxnaTIkargardUcKña kukác©³enaH mankareFVI[ekþARkhaykñúgkalxag

eRkayCalkçN³ eRBaHesckþIekþARkhay EdlTak;TgCamYyesckþIl¥

esckþIGaRkk; EdleFVIehIy nigminTan;)aneFV I køaymkCakarrMxan


citþ .

bTfa vicikicäa ¬esckþIsgS½y¦ esckþIfa eQµaHfa vicikicäa

eRBaHCaehtu[dl;esckþIsgS½yfa {Cay:agenHb¤hñ+ b¤minEmnCay:ag

enHeT} . mü:ageTot eQµaHfa vicikicäa eRBaHkalBicarNasPavFm’

rEmgCaehtu[saMjúaM KW lM)ak )andl; esckþIsgS½yTak;TgCa

mYyRBHBuT§CaedIm .

bTfa sBVesa ¬edayRbkarTaMgBYg¦ )andl; edayminman

cMENksl; .

bTfa n viC¢ti ¬rEmgminman¦ )andl; minman KW RBHefr³

BüakrN_RBHGrhtþpl edayR)ab;dl;RBHGrhtþplfa kamcänÞ³

Büa)aT³ fInmiT§³ ]T§c©kuká úc©³ nigvicikicäa rEmgminmanedayRbkar

TaMgBYg eRBaHkielsTaMgenaH EdlmKÁdkeLIg)anGs;ehIy kic©

EdlnwgRtÚveFVIy:agdéTminmandl;elak b¤kic©EdlelakeFVIehIy min

manpltbsñg dUecñH GFib,ayfa kalnIvrN³TaMg 5 Edlelak

dkeLIgehIyedaymKÁ kielsTaMgBYgk¾eQµaHfa elakdkeLIg)an


pg eRBaHtaMgenAkñ úgTICamYyKñanwgnIvrN³enaH eRBaHehtuenaH eTIb

elakeBalfa {RBHmanRBHPaKTaMgLayTaMgBYgenH lHnIvrN³ 5

EdlCa]bkáielséncitþ)anehIy} dUecñH .

cb;Gdækfa suyamnefrKafaTI 4

3


Gdðkza susarTezrKazaTI 5

[76] saFu suvihitan TsSnM

kgça qiC¢ti BuT§ i vDÆti Balm,i keranþ i bNÐitM

tsµa saFu stM smaKemati .

kareXIjnUvRBHGriy³TaMgLay manGtþPaBerobcMl¥

ehIy CakarRbéB ¬eRBaHfa¦ esckþIsgS½yrEmgdac;

bBaØarEmgceRmIneLIg RBHGriy³TaMgenaHrEmgeFVIsUm,I

nUvCnBal[CabNÐit)an eRBaHehtuenaH karsmaKm

énsb,úrsTaMgLay CakarRbéB .

RBHsusarTetßr .

KafaRBHsusarTetßr epþ Imfa kareXIjsb,úrsTaMgLay .



ekItkñúgRtkUlRBahµN_ sikSacb;kñúgeKalviC¢aTaMgLayehIy eXIj

-173- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 8 susarTefrKafaTI 5

eTaskñúgkam eTIblHXravasvis½y ecjbYsCatabs [eKsag

GaRsmenARtg;CayéRBmYykEnøg kñ úghimvnþb,eTs .

lMdab;enaH RBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa bTumutþr³ kalnwgRTg;

GnueRKaHeK eTIbesþcyagcUleTAevlaPikçacar . eKeXIjRBHman-

RBHPaKGMBIcm¶ay mancitþRCHføa eRkakeLIgTTYl TTYl)aRt dak;

EpøeQIEdlmanrsEp¥mcuH ehIybeg¥ancUleTAfVay . RBHmanRBH

PaKRTg;TTYl)aRtenaHehIy RTg;eFVIGnuemaTna ehIyesþcyagecj

eTA . edaybuBaØkmµenaH eKRtac;rgÁat;eTAkñúgeTvta nigmnusSTaMg

Lay kñúgBuT§ úb,aTkalenH mkekItkñúgRtkUlRBahµN_EdlCajati

rbs;RBHFmµesnabtI maneQµaHtamEdleKtaMg[fa susarT³ eRBaH

CaGñkmanbBaØatic . kñúgevlatmk )ansþab;Fm’kñ úgsmñak;rbs;RBH

FmµesnabtI ekItnUvsT§a eTIbecjbYs ceRmInvibsSnaehIy k¾)an

seRmcRBHGrhtþ .


eyIgCaRBahµN_GñksVaFüaymnþ cgcaMmnþ ecH

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 44¦ Ca RBHplTayketßr .


cb;éRtevT enAkñúgGaRsm minq¶ayGMBIPñMhimBanþ .

eRKÓgbUCaePøIg nigRKab;QUksrbs;eyIgman

ehIy eyIgdak;TukkñúgkBa©b; ehIyBüÚrRtg;cugeQI .

RBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa bTumutþr³ RTg;dwg

c,as;nUvelak CaGñkKYrTTYleRKÓgbUCa RBHGgÁRTg;

bMNgnwgelIkeyIgeLIg esþcmkPikçacar esþccUl

mkrkeyIg .

eyIgmancitþRCHføa mancitþesamnsS )anfVay

RKab;QUkcMeBaHRBHBuT § RBHGgÁRTg;júa MgbIti[ekIt

eLIgdl;eyIg RTg;naMsuxmk[kñúgbc©úb,nñ .

RBHsasþasmµasm<úT § RTg;manRBHqvIvNÑ dUc

mas CaGñksmKYrTTYleRKÓgbUCa Rbfab;QrenA

kñ úgGakas )anRtas;RBHKafaenHfa

edaykarfVayRKab;QUkenH nigedayectnaEdl

taMgmaM GñknwgmincUldl;TuKÁtieLIyGs; 100>000


kb, .

edaykuslmUlenaHÉg eyIg)anesaysm,tþi

ehIy lHbg;karQñH nigkarcaj; seRmcdl;zan³

Edlminjab;j½r .


esþccRkBtþi RTg;RBHnamfa sumgÁl³ RTg;bribUN’




RBHefr³ luHseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy kalnwgBüakrN_Gr-

htþpl edaykarcg¥úldl;GanisgSkñ úgkaresBKb;sb,úrs k¾)an

eBalKafafa

kareXIjsb,úrsTaMgLay GñkmanxøÜnGb;r M

ehIyCakarRbéB Caehtukat;esckþIsgS½yecj)an

eFVIbBaØar[ceRmInlUtlas; sb,úrsTaMgLay rEmg


eFV ICnBal[CabNÐit)an eRBaHdUecñaH karsmaKm

CamYysb,úrs eTIbCakarRbéB .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa saFu ¬CakarRbéB¦ )andl; Cakar

l¥ . GFib,ayfa CaesckþIceRmIn .

bTfa suvihitan TsSnM ¬kareXIjsb,úrsTaMgLay Gñk

manxø ÜnGb;r MehIy¦ esckþIfa kareXIjsb,úrsTaMgLay Gñkman

xøÜnGb;rMl¥ehIy edIm,I[RtÚvCamYykarcgKafa elakeTIblubniKÁhit

ecj . RbkbesckþIfa kareXIjRBHGriy³TaMgLay GñkmanxøÜn

Gb;rMl¥ehIy edayKuNmansIlCaedIm GñksEmþgFm’Tukl¥ edIm,I

GnueRKaHGñkdéT CaesckþIl¥ . bTfa TsSnM ¬kareXIj¦ Kb,IRCab

fa Ca]bma eRBaHehtuénkarsþab;CaedImk¾rab;fa man]bkar³eRcIn .

smdUcRBHmanRBHPaKRtas;Tukfa {mñalPikçúTaMgLay PikçúBYk

Nadl;RBmehIyedaysIl smaFi bBaØa vimutþi vimutþiBaØaNTsSn³

CaGñkeBalTUnµan eFVI[dwgc,as; [eXIjc,as; [smaTan [Gac

h‘an [rIkray CaGñkGacR)ab;RBHsT§mµ)any:agl¥ mñalPikç úTaMg


Lay tfaKteBalfa kareXIjPikç úTaMgenaHkþ I karsþab;Pikç úTaMgenaH

kþ I karcUleTACitPikçúTaMgenaHkþI karrBJkdl;PikçúTaMgenaHkþI karbYs

tamPikç úTaMgenaHkþ I Cavtß úman]bkar³eRcIn} dUecñH .

mü:ageTot kñúgKafaenH elakeBalcMeBaHkareXIj ¬sb,úrs¦

Etmü:ag eRBaHKuNsm,tþieRkAGMBIenH mankareXIjCamUl .

bTfa kgça qiC¢ti ¬Caehtukat;esckþIsgS½yecj)an¦ CaedIm

CaBaküR)ab;ehtukñ úgkareXIjenaH . GFib,ayfa kalkareXIj

klüaNmitþdUecñaHmanehIy kulbutþGñkR)afñakarecHdwg GñkR)afña

RbeyaCn_ rEmgcUleTArk rEmgcUleTAGgÁúyCitklüaNmitþTaMgenaH

rEmgsaksYrbBaðaedayn½yCaedImfa {elakd¾ceRmIn GVICakusl GVI

CaGkusl} ÉklüaNmitþTaMgenaH rEmgbenÞabg;esckþIsgS½ykñúg

RbkarEdlKYrsgS½yeRcIny:agdl;eK)an eRBaHehtuenaH elakeTIb

eBalfa Caehtukat;esckþIsgS½yecj)an dUecñH . nigeRBaHehtu

EdlklüaNmitþTaMgenaH kalbenÞabg;enAesckþIsgS½yrbs;kul-

butþTaMgenaH)an edaykarsEmþgFm’ehIy rEmgjúaMgkareXIjRtÚvkñ úg


kmµbf nigTaMgjúaMgkareXIjRtÚvkñúgvibsSna[ekIteLIg kñúgxagedIm

dUecñaH esckþIdwgrEmgceRmIndl;kulbutþTaMgenaH .

k¾kñúgkalNa kulbutþTaMgenaHceRmInvibsSnaehIy yl;Cak;

c,as;kñúgsc©³TaMgLay kñúgRKaenaH vicikicäamanvtßú 16 nigmanvtßú

8 rEmgRtÚvkat; KW RtÚvdkeLIg bBaØa KW esckþIdwg rEmgceRmIn

edayRtg; sb,úrsTaMgLay rEmgeFVICnBal[CabNÐit)an dUecñH

Ég .

bTfa tsµa CaedIm CaBaküsrub . GFib,ayfa eRBaHehtu

énkareXIjsaFuCnTaMgLay Caehtukat;esckþIsgS½yecj)an eFVI

esckþId wg[ceRmInlUtlas; sb,úrsTaMgLayrEmgeFV ICnBal[

CabNÐit)an eRBaHdUecñaH KW eRBaHehtuenaH karsmaKmCamYynwg

sb,úrs KW mnusSl¥ )andl; RBHGriy³TaMgLay eTIbCakarl¥

KW CaesckþIl¥ mann½yfa karesBKb;sb,úrsTaMgenaH CaesckþI

ceRmInedayRbéB .

cb;Gdækfa susarTefrKafaTI 5 3

-179- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 8 biyBa¢hefrKafaTI 6

Gdðkza biyBa¢hezrKazaTI 6

[77] ]b,tenþsu nibet nibtenþsu ]b,et

ves vsmaensu rmmaensu ena remti .

kalBYkstVkMBuge)a:geLIg bNÞitEtg»nlMeTan kal

BYkstVFøak;cuH ¬edayGMNacekasC¢³¦ bNÐitEtgRbwg

eLIg kalBYkstVmin)anGb;rM ¬RBhµcriyFm’¦ bNÐit

EtgGb;rM kalBYkstVeRtkGr ¬kñúgkamKuN¦ bNÐit

mineRtkGreT .

RBHbiyBa¢hetßr .

Kafarbs;RBHbiyBa¢hetßr manBaküepþImfa kalGñkdéTelIk

xøÜn KYrbnÞabxø Ün . erOgekItdUcemþc?

sUm,IRBHefr³enaH k¾manGFikar)aneFVITukehIykñúgRBHBuT§GgÁ


kalénRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa vibsSI kñúgkb,TI 91 GMBIPTÞkb,

enH ekItCarukçeTvta enAkñúgéRBhimBanþ ¬GaRs½y¦ enAkñúgjkPñM kñúg


kalRbCuMeTvta )anQrenAxagcugbris½T eRBaHCaGñkmanGanuPaBtic

sþab;Fm’ehIy mancitþRCHføakñúgRBHsasþa . éf¶mYy eXIjTYlxSac;

kñúgTenøKgÁaEdlføas¥atbrisuT§ KYrrIkray rBJkdl;KuNRBHsasþafa

{KuNrbs;RBHsasþa s¥at brisuT§ ¬éRkElg¦ TYlxSac;enH ¬eRbób¦

nwgRBHKuNrkTIbMputmin)an rkRbmaNmin)an} dUecñH .

eTvtaenaHR)arB§dl;KuNrbs;RBHsasþay:agenHehIy júaMg

citþ[RCHføa edaybuBaØkmµenaH k¾GenÞaleTAEtkñúgeTvta nigmnusS

TaMgLay kñúgBuT§ úb,aTkalenH mkekItkñ úgRtkUlénesþclicävI kñ úg

RkúgevsalI ceRmInv½yehIy CaGñkcm,aMgminEdlcaj;s®gÁam k¾

R)akdRBHnamfa biyBa¢h³ eRBaHCaTIekatERkgénsRtÚvTaMgLay .

kñúgRKaEdlRBHmanRBHPaKesþcyagmkkan;RkúgevsalI RBH

GgÁk¾mancitþRCHføa eTIbecjbYs enAkñúgéRB ceRmInvibsSna ehIy

k¾)anseRmcRBHGrhtþ .


eyIgenAkñúgcenøaHPñMnaPñMhimBanþ )aneXIjKMnr

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 46¦ Ca RBHjaNsBaØketßr .


xSac;d¾s¥atehIy rBJkdl;RBHBuT§GñkRbesIrbMput .

minmanGVIeRbóbNakñúgRBHjaN s®gÁammin

mandl;RBHsasþa RBHsasþaRTg;dwgTUeTAdl;Fm’TaMg

BYgehIy RTg;beg¥aneTAedayRBHjaN .

bBiRtbursGaCaenyü sUmnmsáarcMeBaHRBH

GgÁ bBiRt]tþmburs sUmnmsáarcMeBaHRBHGgÁ Edl

minmannrNa esµIedayRBHjaNrbs;RBHGgÁ eRBaH

RTg;manRBHjaNd¾x<s;bMput .

eyIgjúaMgcitþ[RCHføakñúgRBHjaNehIy rIk

ray kñúgsYK’Gs;mYykb, kñúgkb,TaMgLayd¾ess

eyIgeFV Ik uslehIy .

kñúgkb,TI 91 GMBIPTÞkb,enH eyIg)ansBaØa

NakñúgRKaenaH edaysBaØaenaH eyIgminEdlsÁal;

TuKÁtieLIy enHCaplénsBaØakñ úgRBHjaN .

kñúgkb,TI 70¬1¦ GMBIPTÞkb,enH eyIg)anCa

1¦ )alIefrKafa stþtikb,mði / )alIGbTansüam Ca etstþtikeb, = kñúgkb,TI 73 .


esþccRkBtþimYyGgÁ RTg;RBHnamfa bulinbubö iy³




RBHefr³luH)anseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy kalnwgBüakrN_Gr-

htþpl edaykarsEmþgtamn½yEdlfa vtþbdibtþirbs;RBHGriy³

TaMgLayepSgKñanwgvtþbdibTarbs;Gn§BalbufuC¢n eTIb)aneBalCa

Kafafa

kalCndéTelIkxø Ün KYrbnÞabxø Ün kalCn

Føak;cuH KYrelIkeKeLIg kalCndéTminRbRBwtþRBhµ-

criy³ KYrRbRBwtþRBhµcriy³ kalCndéTeRtkGr

kñúgkamKuN minKYreRtkGrkñ úgkamKuN .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa ]b,tenþsu ¬kalCndéTelIktemáIg

xøÜn¦ )andl; eFVIxø Ün[e):ageLIg KW kalstVTaMgLayGENþteLIg

edayelIktemá Igxø Ün eRBaHkielsmanmanH ]T§c©³ fmÖ³ nigsarmÖ³


CaedIm .

bTfa nibet ¬KYrbnÞabxø Ün¦ )andl; Kb,Ibeg¥anxø ÜncuH KW

Kb,ICaGñkmankarRbRBwtþbeg¥anxøÜn edayevorcak)abFm’TaMgenaHÉg .

bTfa nibtenþsu ¬kalCnFøak;cuH¦ )andl; Føak;cuH KW kal

stVTaMgLayvinascakKuN eRBaHmanGFimutþi ¬kartaMgcitþ¦ Tab nig

eRBaHesckþIx¢ ilRcGUs .

bTfa ]b,et ¬KYrelIkeKeLIg¦ )andl; Kb,IelIkeLIg KW

Kb,I]btßmÖkñúgKuNFm’ edayeFVI[mannUvGFimutþiRbNIt nig[R)arB§

esckþIBüayam .

mü:ageTot bTfa kalCndéTelIkxø Ün )andl; e):ageLIg

KW kalkielsR)akdxøÜneLIgmkedIm,Ir Ybrwt .

bTfa KYrbnÞabxøÜn )andl; Kb,I[Føak;eTAedaykarBicarNa

tamsmKYr edayviFIEdlkielsTaMgenaHnwgminekIteLIg edaykmøaMg

énkarBicarNa KW TaMgRKbsgát; TaMgdkecj¬1¦ .

1¦ edaysmf nigvibsSna mKÁ ¬GñkERb¦ .


bTfa kalCndéTFøak;cuH )andl; Føak;cuH KW kalesckþI

Büayam nigesckþIRbwgERbgTn;exSay eRBaHkareFV ITukkñúgcitþeday

minRtÚvTMng b¤kalFm’ KW smf³ nigvibsSna tamEdlR)arB§ehIy

vinas eRBaHmineFVITukkñ úgcitþedayRtÚvTMng nigeRBaHkarRbkbesckþI

BüayamFUrfy .

bTfa KYrelIkeKeLIg esckþIfa Kb,IelIkFm’TaMgenaHeLIg

edaykareFV ITukkñ úgcitþRtÚvTMng nigedaybMeBjbEnßmdl;karR)arB§

esckþIBüayam KW TaMg[ekIt TaMg[ceRmIn .

bTfa ves Gvsmaensu ¬kalCndéTminRbRBwtþRBhµcriy³¦

esckþIfa kalstVTaMgLayminenAdUcGñkRbRBwtþmKÁRBhµcriy³ nig

minenAdUcRBHGriy³ xøÜnÉgKb,IenAedaymKÁRBhµcriy³ nigenAdUcCa

RBHGriy³enaH . mü:ageTot esckþIfa kalRBHGriy³TaMgLaymin

enAdUcCnGñkmankiels KW minenAdUcCnmanKU ¬manbutþmanPriya¦

xøÜnÉgKYrenAdUcCaRBHGriy³ ¬enAmindUckarenArbs;GñkmanKUenaH¦ .

bTfa rmmaensu ena rem ¬kalCndéTeRtkGrkñúgkamKuN


minKYreRtkGrkñúgkamKuN¦ esckþIfa kalstVTaMgLayeRtkGrehIy

edayesckþIeRtkGrkñúgkamKuN ¬nig¦ edayesckþIeRtkGrkñúgkiels

xøÜnÉgminKb,IeRtkGr KW minKb,IeBjcitþy:agenaH . mü:ageTot

kalRBHGriy³TaMgLayeRtkGrehIy edayesckþIeRtkGrkñúgQan

CaedImEdlR)ascakGamis sUm,Ixø ÜnÉgk¾Kb,IeRtkGry:agenaH Et

minKb,IeRtkGr KW minKb,IGPirmü edayRbkardéTcakesckþIeRtkGr

kñúgQanCaedImenaH sUm,IRtwmEtmYyRsbk; .

cb;Gdækfa biyBa¢hefrKafaTI 6

3


Gdðkza htæaerahbutþezrKazaTI 7

[78] \TM buer citþmcari carikM

eynicäkM ytßkamM yfasuxM

tTC¢hM niKÁhisSami eyaniesa

htßI bPinñ M viy GgáúsKÁaehati .

citþenH kñúgkalmun )anRtac;eTAkan;carik tamesckþI

R)afña tamcMNg; tamesckþIRsÜl éf¶enH ńwgp©aj;

p©alcitþenaHeday])ay dUcCahµdMrIGñkkan;kegVr sgát;

sgáindMrIEdlcuHeRbg .

RBHhtßaerahbutþetßr .

Kafarbs;RBHhtßaerahetßr manBaküepþImfa GMBImun citþenH

Føab;Rtac;eTA . erOgekIteLIgdUcemþc?

)anB¤fa RBHefr³enaHCaGñkmanGFikarEdleFVITukehIykñúgRBH


kñúgkalénRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa vibsSna ekItkñ úgpÞHmanRtkUl

-187- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 8 htßaerahbutþefrKafaTI 7

dl;PaBCaGñkdwgkþIehIy éf¶mYy eXIjRBHsasþaEhhmedayPikç ú-

sgÇ esþckMBugyagecjGMBIRBHvihar eTIbeFV IkarbUCaedaypáaeQI

TaMgLay fVaybgÁMedaybBa©gÁRbtisßan eFV IRbTkSiN ehIyecos

ecjeTA .

edaybuBaØkmµenaH eKk¾Rtac;rgÁat;eTAkñúgeTvta nigmnusSTaMg

Lay kñúgBuT§ úb,aTkalenH mkekItkñúgRtkUlénnaybgVwkdMrI kñúgRkúg

savtß I kaldwgkþ IehIy k¾)ansikSacb;kñ úgviC¢aEdlTak;TgnwgdMrI .

éf¶mYy kalhVwkhat;dMrI eK)aneTAkan;RcaMgsÞwg eRBaHehtusm,tþ i

das;etOn k¾Kitfa {karhVwkhat;dMrIenH nwgmanRbeyaCn_GVIdl;eyIg

karhVwkhat;xø ÜnenaHÉgRbesIrCag} eTIbeKcUleTAKal;RBHmanRBH-

PaK sþab;Fm’ehIy ekItsT§a eTIbecjbYs eronkmµdæanEdlsmKYr

dl;crit ceRmInvibsSna RKbsgát;citþEdlsÞúHecjeRkAkmµdæan)an

edaykegVr KW karBicarNa eRBaH)anGb;rMmkGs;kald¾yUr dUcnay

bgVwkdMrIhVwkdMrId¾RbesIrEdlcuHeRbg kac )anedaykegVrdUecñaH eTIb

)aneBalKafa


GMBImun citþenHFøab;Rtac;eTAkñúgGarmµN_epSg²

tamesckþIR)afña tamesckþIRtÚvkar tamsb,ay

éf¶enH eyIgnwgRKbsgát;citþenaH eday])ayd¾RbéB

dUcCanaybgVwkdMrIEdlQøas RKbsgát;dMr Ic uHeRbg

edaykegVr dUecñaH .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa \TM ¬enH¦ RBHefr³eBalTuk eRBaH

ehtuéncitþ EdlnwgeBalteTA R)akdc,as;dl;xø Ün .

bTfa buer ¬GMBImun¦ )andl; kalmunRKbsgát;citþ .

bTfa Gcari ¬Føab;Rtac;eTA¦ )andl; Rtac;eTAehIy KW RbRBwtþ

eTAkñ úgGarmµN_epSg² eRBaHCacitþEdlminTan;taMgmaM .

bTfa carikM ¬Rtac;eTA¦ )andl; Rtac;eTAtamesckþIR)afña .

eRBaHehtuenaH RBHefr³eTIbeBalfa eynicäkM ¬citþenHFøab;Rtac;eTA

kñ úgGarmµN_epSg²¦ ytßkamM ¬tamesckþIR)afña¦ yfasuxM ¬tam

sb,ay¦ .

bTfa tM ¬enaH¦ )andl; citþenaH . bTfa GC¢ ¬éf¶enH¦


)andl; kñ úgkal\LÚvenH .

bTfa niKÁNðisSami ¬nwgp©j;p©al;¦ )andl; eyIgnwgRKb

sgát; KW eFV I[Gs;GMNac .

bTfa eyaniesa esµInwg ])aeyn ¬eday])ay¦ . sYrfa

dUcGVI? eqøIyfa dUcCahµdMr IEdlQøasp©aj;dMr IcuHeRbg edaykegVr

dUecñaH .

elakeBalGFib,ayTukdUecñHfa EdleQµaHfa citþrbs;eyIg

enH GMBImunenH )anRtac;eTAGs;kald¾yUr tamR)afña edayRbkar

EdlvaR)afña edIm,InwgeRtkGrkñúgGarmµN_manrUbCaedIm tamesckþI

RtÚvkar edayGMNacénGarmµN_EdlvaRtÚvkar eQµaHfa tamsb,ay

eRBaHRtac;eTAtamGarmµN_Edl[ekItesckþIsux sUm,I\LÚvenH eyIg

nwgp©aj;p©alcitþenaH edayeyaniesamnsikar dUchµdMr IGñkQøas

eBalKW nayhtßacarü p©aj;dMrIcuHeRbgedaykegVrdUecñaH . RBHefr³

kaleBalehIyy:agenHerOy² ceRmInvibsSna )aneFVI[Cak;c,as;

nUvRBHGrhtþehIy .



RBHsmµasm<úT §RBHnamfa vibsSI RTg;man

RBHqvIvNÑdUcmas GñkKYrdl;Tkç iNa Ehhmeday

RBHsavkd¾eRcIn esþcyagecjGMBIRBHGaram .

eyIg)aneXIjRBHsBVBaØÚBuT§ RTg;RbesIrbMput

rkGasv³min)an mancitþRCHføa mancitþesamnsS

)anbUCaedaypáakRmg .

eRBaHcitþEdlRCHføa kñúgRBHmanRBHPaK RTg;

CaFMCagRbCa CataTibuKÁlenaH eyIgrIkray man

citþesamnsS fVaybgÁMRBHtfaKteTot .


RBHBuT§edaypáaeQINa eRBaHkarbUCaenaH eyIgmin

EdlsÁal;TuKÁtieLIy enHCaplénBuT §bUCa .


1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx TMB½r ¦ Ca RBHKn§bubö iyetßr .


esþccRkBtþi RTg;RBHnamfa crN³¬1¦ RTg;bribUN’




KafaenHÉg )anCaKafaBüakrN_RBHGrhtþplrbs;RBHefr³

dUecñHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa htßaerahbutþefrKafaTI 7

3

1¦ )alIGbTansüamrdæ Ca vr ueNa .


Gdðkza emNÐsirezrKazaTI 8

[79] G e n k C a ti sM s a rM sn§avisSM GniBVisM

tsS em TukçCatsS Tukçkçen§a brT§etati . kal´minTan;)an ¬jaN¦ EtgGenÞaleTAkan;sMsar

Gs;CatiminEtmYyeT KMnrénesckþIT ukçrbs;´ Edl

TTYlrgehIyenaH CaKMnrTukçR)asecjeTAehIy .

RBHemNÐsiretßr .

Kafarbs;RBHemNÐsiretßr manBaküepþImfa kaleyIgminTan;

)anRbsBVjaN . erOgekIteLIgdUcemþc?

)anB¤fa sUm,IRBHefr³enaH k¾CaGñkmanGFikar)aneFVITukehIy

kñúgRBHBuT§GgÁmun² eFV IbuNüEdlCa]bnisS½yénRBHniBVanTukkñ úgPB

enaH² kñúgkb,TI 91 GMBIPTÞkb,enH ekItkñúgRtkUlRBahµN_ ceRmIn

v½yehIy lHkamvis½y ecjbYsCatabs enAkñúgéRBhimBanþRBm

eday\sIBYkFM eXIjRBHsasþaehIy mancitþRCHføa [BYk\sInaM

páabTummk eFV IkarbUCaRBHsasþaedaypáaeQI TUnµansavkTaMgLay

-193- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 8 emNÐsirefrKafaTI 8

kñúgGb,maTb,dibTa eFV Ikal³ehIy eTAekItkñ úgeTvelak Rtac;rgÁat;

eTAmk . kñúgBuT§ úb,aTkalenH mkekItkñúgRtkUlKhbtI kñ úgRkúg

saekt )aneQµaHfa emNÐsir³ eRBaHelakmank,aldUcBEB .

kalRBHmanRBHPaKRbfab;enAkñúgGBa¢nvnvihar kñúgRkúgsaekt

elakcUleTAKal;RBHsasþa ekItsT§a bBVC¢aehIy ceRmInsmf-

kmµdæan nigvibsSnakmµdæan k¾)anCaGñkmanGPiBaØa 6 .

smdUcKafaRbB½n§EdlelakeBalTukGbTanfa¬1¦

kñúgTIminq¶ayGMBIPñ MhimBanþ manPñ MeQµaHfa

eKatm³ edrdasedayedImeQIeRcInRbePT CaTIenA

rbs;BYkmhaPUt ¬ykS¦ .

kñúgkNþalPñMenaH manGaRsmEdleyIgsag

Tuk eyIgEhhmedayBYksisSrbs;xø Ün enAkñ úg

GaRsmenaH )anbBa¢ ÚnsisSTaMgLayfa

mkcuHKN³sisSrbs;eyIg cUrnaMykpáabTum

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 48¦ Ca RBHbTumbUCketßr .


mk[eyIg eyIgnwgeFV IBuT §bUCacMeBaHRBHmanRBHPaK

CaFMCagRbCa CataTibuKÁl .

sisSTaMgenaHTTYlBaküeyIgbgÁab;y:agenH

ehIy k¾naMykpáabTummk[eyIg eyIgeFVInimitþ ¬kar

kMNt;¦ y:agenaHehIy bUCaRBHBuT§ .

kñ úgRKaenaH eyIgRbCuMsisSTaMgLayehIy

TUnµanedayl¥fa GñkTaMgLaykuMRbmaTeLIy eRBaH

fa esckþIminRbmaTnaMsuxmk[ .

RKaeyIgTUnµanbNþasisSrbs;xøÜn GñkGt;Fn;

cMeBaHBaküTUnµany:agenHehIy RbkbxøÜnkñúgKuN KW

karminRbmaT )aneFVIkal³kñúgRKaenaH .


BuT§edaypáaeQINa eRBaHkarbUCaenaH eyIgminEdl

sÁal;TuKÁtieLIy enHCaplénkarBuT§bUCa .


-195- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 8 emNÐsirefrKafaTI 8

esþccRkBtþi RTg;RBHnamfa Clutþm³ RTg;bribUN’




RBHefr³kalrBJkdl;Catimunrbs;xø Ün )aneBalKafafa

kaleyIgminTan;)anRbsBVjaN )anGenÞal

eTAkñúgsgSar rab;Catimin)an eyIgenaHekItmkehIy

CaTukç km©at;kgTukç)anehIy .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa GenkCatisMsarM ¬kñ úgsgSar rab;

Catimin)an¦ esckþIfa sgSarvdþenHEdlmancMnYneRcInEsnCati Bakü

enHeRbICaÉkvcn³ TutiyaviPtþ i ¬ERbfa Gs;¦ eRBaHsMedAdl;kald¾

Evgq¶ay .

bTfa sn§avisSM ¬)anRtac;eTA¦ )andl; sÞúHeTAehIy KW vil

vl;eTAmk² edayGMNacénkarcuti nig]b,tþ i .

bTfa GniBV isM ¬min)anRbsBV¦ )andl; kalminRbsBV KW


min)annUvjaN EdleRKÓgbBaÄb;vdþ³enaH .

bTfa tsS em ¬eyIgenaH¦ )andl; eyIgEdlRtac;eTAehIy

y:agenH .

bTfa TukçCatsS ¬ekItmkehIyCaTukç¦ )andl; TukçEdlekIt

edayGMNacénCatiCaedIm mü:ageTot )andl; manTukçCasPav³ eday

GMNacénPav³CaTukç 3 y:ag .

bTfa Tukçkçen§a ¬kgTukç¦ )andl; KMnrénTukç EdlEckecj

Cakielsvdþ³ kmµvdþ³ nigvi)akvdþ³ .

bTfa GbreT§a ¬kMcat;>>> )anehIy¦ esckþIfa cab;epþImGMBI

)anseRmcRBHGrhtþmKÁ k¾nwgminvileTA mincuti minekIt . mü:ag

eTot )az³fa Gbredæa dUecñHk¾man . GFib,ayfa minR)ascakesckþI

seRmc KW mineTAR)asGMBIehtuénkardkkielseLIg .

k¾BaküenHÉg )anCakarBüakrN_RBHGrhtþplrbs;RBHefr³ .

cb;Gdækfa emNÐsirefrKafaTI 8

3

-197- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 8 rkç itefrKafaTI 9

Gdðkza rk¡itezrKazaTI 9

[80] seBVa raeKa bhIena em seBVa eTaesa smUheta

seBVa em riKeta emaeha sItiPUetasµi niBVúetati .

raK³TaMgBYg ´lHecalehIy eTas³TaMgBYg ´k¾dk

ecalehIy emah³TaMgBYgrbs;´ k¾R)asecjehIy

ĆabuKÁlRtCak; rlt;T ukçehIy .

RBHrkç itetßr .

Kafarbs;RBHrkç itetßr manBaküepþImfa eyIglHraK³)anGs;

ehIy . erOgekIteLIgdUcemþc?

)anB¤fa RBHefr³enHekItkñúgpÞHmanRtkUl kñúgkalénRBHman

RBHPaKRBHnamfa bTumutþr³ )andwgkþIehIy éf¶mYy sþab;RBHFmµeTsna

rbs;RBHsasþa mancitþRCHføa )aneFVIkarsresIrTak;TgnwgRBHjaN

kñúgRBHeTsna . RBHsasþaRTg;RbemIlemIlkarRCHføaéncitþrbs;eK

ehIy RTg;BüakrN_fa {kñ úgTIbMputén 100>000 kb, rab;GMBIkb,

enH eKnwg)anCasavkeQµaHfa rkçit³ rbs;RBHsmµasm<úT§RBHnamfa


eKatm} .

elaksþab;BaküBüakrN_enaHehIy k¾mancitþRCHføaéRkElg

eFVIbuNüCaeRcInt² mk Rtac;rgÁat;eTAkñúgeTvta nigmnusSTaMgLay

kñúgBuT§ úb,aTkalenH mkekItkñúgsküRtkUl kñúgeTvThniKm . )an

namfa rkçit³ . elakCaraCkumarmYyGgÁ EdlbYskñúgcMnYnraCkumar

500 GgÁ EdlBYksküraC nigekaliyraCTaMgLayTUlfVay edIm,I

Cabrivarrbs;RBHmanRBHPaK . k¾raCkumarTaMgenaHRtÚvesckþIrsab;

rsl;RKbsgát; eRBaHmin)anbYsedayesckþIsegVK kñ úgRKaEdl

RBHsasþaRTg;naMeTAkan;RsHkunal³ RTg;sEmþgeTaskñúgkamTaMgLay

edayRTg;bgðaj[eXIjeTaskñúgBYk®sþI edayRTg;sEmþgkunalCatk

ehIyRTg;[taMgenAkñ úgkmµdæanenaH RBHrkç itetßrenH k¾xVl;xVaykñúg

kmµdæan ceRmInvibsSnaehIy )anseRmcRBHGrhtþ .

smdUcKafaRbB½n§elakeBalTukkñúgGbTanfa¬1¦

RBHCinRsIRBHnamfa bTumutþr³ CaeCdæburs

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 51¦ Ca RBHesaPitetßr .


énelak RTg;RbesIrCagnrCn RTg;sEmþgGmtbT

dl;BYkCnCaeRcIn .

evlaenaH eyIg)ansþab;RBHtRmas;EdlCa

GasPivaca EdlRBHGgÁRTg;EføgehIy pÁgGBa¢lI

CaGñkmancitþkñ úgGarmµN_EtmYy ¬eBalfa¦

smuRTRbesIrCagTenøTaMgLay PñMsuemruRbesIr

CagPñMTa MgLay y:agNa CnBYkNarEmgRbRBwtþ

eTAtamGMNaccitþ CnBYkenaHrEmgmincUldl;cMerok

énRBHBuT§jaN dUecñaH .

RBHBuT§RTg;CaRBH\sI RbkbedayRBHkruNa

RTg;bBaÄb;karsEmþgFm’ Rbfab;Kg;kñúgBYkstVehIy

)anRtas;RBHKafaTaMgenHfa

CnNasresIrRBHjaNrbs;RBHBuT§ RTg;Ca

GñknaMénelak CnenaHnwgmineTAkan;TuKÁtiGs;mYyEsn

kb, .


CnenaHnwgdutkielsTaMgBYg)an nwgCaGñkman

citþmanGarmµN_EtmYy mancitþtaMgmaM nwg)anCasavk

mannamfa esaPit³rbs;RBHsasþa¬1¦ .


CaesþccRkBtþi 7 dg RTg;RBHnamfa ysuKÁt³¬2¦




RBHefr³kalseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy kalBicarNadl;kiels

EdlxøÜnlH)anehIy )aneBalKafafa

eyIglHraK³)anGs;ehIy dkeTas³)anGs;

eyIgmanemah³TaMgBYgeTAR)asehIy CaGñkRtCak;

rlt;sñiT §ehIy .

1¦ kñúgGbTan manesckþIeRCótcUlfa {eyIgdutkielsTaMgLayehIy dkPB)anTaMgGs;ehIy eyIg)anluHviC¢a 3 ehIyedaylMdab;BaküTUnµanrbs;RBHBuT§ eyIgeFVIeRscehIy} . 2¦ kñúgGbTan Ca smuKÁta .


bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa seBVa raeKa ¬raK³)anGs;¦ )andl;

raK³TaMgGs; EckCa kamraK³ CaedIm .

bTfa bhIena ¬lH¦ )andl; lHehIy edayGMNacénsmu-

ecäTb,han edayGriymKÁPavna .

bTfa seBVa eTaesa ¬eTas³)anTaMgGs;¦ )andl; Büa)aT

TaMgGs;maneRcInRbePT dUcCa GaXatvtßú CaedIm .

bTfa smUheta ¬dk¦ )andl; dkeLIgehIyedaymKÁ .

bTfa seBVa em viKeta emaeha ¬eyIgmanemah³TaMgBYg

eTAR)asehIy¦ )andl; emah³ 8 RbePT EdlEcktamehtuekIt

mankarmindwgTukç CaedIm KW emah³sUm,ITaMgGs; EdlEck)aneRcIn

y:ag tamehtuekItrbs;kiels eQµaHfa eTAR)asehIy eRBaHRtÚv

eyIgkMcat;ehIyedaymKÁ .

bTfa sItiPUetasµi niBV úeta ¬CaGñkRtCak; rlt;sñiT §ehIy¦

esckþIfa RBHefr³BüakrN_RBHGrhtþplfa {edaykarlHkiels

EdlCamUl)any:agenH eyIgeQµaHfa dl;ehIynUvPaBRtCak; eRBaH


minmanesckþIRkvl;Rkvay nigkarekþARkhay eRBaHsgáielsTaMg

Layrm¶ab;edayl¥ eRBaHtaMgenAkñúgTIEtmYy CamYykarlHkiels

EdlCamUlenaH eRBaHehtuenaHÉg eyIgeTIbeQµaHfa CaGñkrlt;

sñiT§ehIy edaykarrlt;kiels)an edayRbkarTaMgBYg .

cb;Gdækfa rkç itetßrKafaTI 9

3

-203- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 8 ]KÁefrKafaTI 10

Gdðkza óK<ezrKazaTI 10

[81] yM mya bktM kmµM Gb,M va yTi va BhuM

sBVemtM brikçINM ntßiTani bunBÖevati .

GMeBINa eTaHbItic b¤eRcIn EdléFVIehIy GMeBITaMg

Gs;n+uH k¾Gs;rlIgehIy \LÚvenH PBfµIeTot min

maneLIy .

RBH]KÁetßr .

Kafarbs;RBH]KÁetßr epþImfa kmµNaEdleyIg)aneFVITukehIy .

erOgekIteLIgy:agNa?


mun² eFV IbuNüCaeRcInTukkñ úgPBenaH² kñúgkalénRBHd¾manRBHPaK

RBHnamfa sixI kñúgkb,TI 31 GMBIPTÞkb,enH ekItkñúgpÞHmanRtkUl

dl;nUvPaBCaGñkdwgkþIehIy éf¶mYy eXIjRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa

sixI CaGñkmancitþRCHføa eTIb)aneFVInUvkarbUCaedaykRmgpáarMeck .

edaybuBaØkmµenaH eKeTAekItkñ úgeTvta GenÞaleTAmkEtkñúg


suKtiPBb:ueNÑaH kñ úgBuT§ úb,aTkalenH ekItCabutþesdæI kñ úg]KÁniKm

naEdnekasl )aneQµaHfa ]KÁ³ . eKceRmInv½yehIy kalRBH

manRBHPaKRbfab;enAPTÞaram kñúgniKmenaH eKeTAkan;viharsþab;Fm’

kñúgsmñak;rbs;RBHsasþa )anCaGñkmancitþRCHføa bYsehIy bMeBj

vibsSna k¾)anseRmcRBHGrhtþkñúgevlaminyUr .


eQImilkçúk MBugmanpáa manenARtg;RcaMgsÞwg

d¾FM ´RBHGgÁEsVgrkedImeQIenaH )aneXIjRBHman

RBHPaKCaGñknaMénelak .

kñúgRKaenaH ´RBHGgÁeXIjedImEksmanpáarIk

eTIbkac;TaMgTg naMmkbUCacMeBaHRBHBuT§ RBHnamfa

sixI CaepABgSénelak .

bBiRtRBHmhamunIsm<úT§d¾RbesIr RBHGgÁRTg;

luHGmtbT Edlminjab;j½redayRBHjaNNa ´

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 52¦ Ca RBHsuTsSnetßr .


RBHGgÁsUmbUCaRBHjaNenaH .

´RBHGgÁeFVIkarbUCaRBHjaNehIy )aneXIj

páamilkçú ´RBHGgÁCaGñk)ansBaØaenaH enHCaplén

karbUCaRBHjaN .

kñúgkb,TI 31 GMBIPTÞkb,enH ´RBHGgÁbUCa

RBHBuT§jaN edaypáaeQINa eRBaHkarbUCaenaH

´RBHGgÁminEdlsÁal;TuKÁtieLIy enHCaplénkarbUCa

RBHjaN .


esþccRkBtþi 12 dg RTg;RBHnamfa pluKÁt³¬1¦




RBHefr³luHseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy kalnwgBüakrN_Grhtþ-

1¦ kñúgGbTan Ca BluKÁta .


pl edaysEmþgdl;karkat;vdþ³rbs;xø Ün)an eTIbeBalKafafa

kmµNaEdleyIg)aneFVITukehIy tic b¤eRcIn

k¾eday kmµTaMgGs;n+uH Gs;eTAehIy \LÚvenH kar

ekItkñúgPBfµI minman .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa yM mya bktM kmµM ¬kmµNaEdl

eyIg)aneFV IT ukehIy¦ esckþIfa kmµNa KW kmµEdlmanvi)akNa

EdléFVIehIy KW cUleTAsnSMehIy )andl; [ekItehIy kñúgsgSar

EdlmanxagedImdwgmin)an edayRbkarminEmntic KW edayCaGku-

slman)abCaedIm nigedayCakuslmanTanCaedIm edaykmµTVar

3 eday]b,tþ iTVar 6 ¬nig¦ edayGsMvrTVar 8 .

bTfa Gb,M va yTiva BhuM ¬tic b¤eRcInk¾eday¦ esckþIfa

k¾kmµenaH eQµaHfa tic eRBaHvtß ú ectna beyaK³ nigkiels Ca

edIm mankmøaMgtickþI/ eQµaHfa eRcIn eRBaHvtßú ectna beyaK³ nig

kielsCaedImTaMgenaH mankmøaMg nigeRBaHRbRBwtþerOy² kþI .

bTfa sBVemtM brikçINM ¬kmµTaMgGs;enaHGs;eTAehIy¦ n½y


fa k¾kmµTaMgGs;enHGs;ehIy eQµaHfa dl;karGs;eTA eRBaHmKÁ

d¾RbesIr EdleFVI[kmµGs;eTA eyIgseRmcehIy GFib,ayfa eRBaH

lHkielsvdþ³)an kmµvdþ³eQµaHfa k¾eyIglH)anehIypg eRBaH

vi)akvdþ³nwgekIteLIgmin)an . eRBaHehtuenaH RBHefr³eTIbeBalfa

\LÚvenH karekItkñúgPBfµIminman . GFib,ayfa karekItkñúgPBfµI

minmandl;eyIgteTAeTot . )az³fa sBVem,tM dUecñHk¾man . Eck

bTCa sBVm,i ÉtM dUecñH .

cb;Gdækfa ]KÁefrKafaTI 10 3

cb;Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 8

kñúgvKÁenHrYmmanRBHefr³ 10 rUb KW RBHvcä)lefr³ 1 RBHGatumefr³ 1 RBHmaNvefr³ 1 RBHsuyamnefr³ 1 RBHsusarTefr³ 1 RBHbiyBa¢hefr³ 1 RBHhtßaerahbutþefr³ 1 RBHemNÐsirefr³ 1 RBHrkçitefr³ 1 RBH]KÁefr³ 1

dUecñHÉg .

s t r

-208- brmtßTIbn I Gdækfa xuTÞknikay efrKafa

Gdðkza Ékni:t

vK<TI 9

Gdðkza smitiKutþezrKazaTI 1

[82] yM mya bktM )abM bueBV GBaØasu Catisu

\eFv tM evTnIyM vtß ú GBaØ M n viC¢tIti .

GMeBIlamkNa Edl´)aneFVIehIy kñúgCatiTaMgLay

déT kñúgPBmun GMeBIlamkTaMgenaH ´Kb,ITTYlEtkñúg

CatienHeT vtßúdéTminmaneLIy .

RBHsmitiKutþetßr .

Kafarbs;RBHsmitiKutþetßr manBaküepþImfa )abkmµNaEdl

eyIg)aneFV IT ukehIy . erOgekIteLIgy:agNa?


mun² snSMbuNüCaeRcInTukkñ úgPBenaH² kñúgkalénRBHmanRBHPaK

RBHnamfa vibsSI mkekItkñúgpÞHmanRtkUl eBldwgkþIehIy CYbRBH

-209- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 9 smitiKutþefrKafaTI 1

manRBHPaK mancitþRCHføa )aneFV IkarbUCaedaypáamø iH .

edaybuBaØkmµenaH eKekItkñ úgPBNa² k¾eday k¾)anenAkñ úg

zan³Edldl;RBmedaykuslsm,tþi rUbsm,tþi nigbrivarsm,tþi elI

stVBYkdéTkñúgPBenaH² . kñúgGtþPaBmYy eKeXIjRBHbec©kBuT§

mYyGgÁRtac;biNÐ)at Kitfa {smN³RtegalrUbenH RbEhlCaekIt

eraKXøg; eRBaHehtuenaH smN³rUbenHeTIb)anyksMBt;dNþb;xø Ün

edIreTA} dUecñH ehIyesþaHTwkmat;dak; edIrecjeTA .

edaykmµenaH eKeqHkñúgnrkGs;kalCaeRcIn ehIymkekItkñúg

mnusSelak kñúgkalénRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa ksSb³ eKbYsCa

briBVaCk eXIj])askEdlsm,ÚredaysIlacarvtþmYyrUb ekItkar

Tas;citþ )aneCrfa {GñkÉgCamnusSXøg;} dUecñH ehIyTmøaylm¥it

sRmab;gUtTwkEdlCnTaMgLayTukRtg;kMBg;Twk ehIyeKcecjeTA .

edaykmµenaH eKeTAekItkñ úgnrkeTot esayTukçGs;evlaCa

eRcInqña M kñ úgBuT§ úb,aTkalenH mkekItCabutþrbs;RBahµN_mñak; kñ úg

RkúgsavtßI maneQµaHfa smitiKutþ³ . eKcRmInv½yehIy sþab;RBH


FmµeTsnarbs;RBHbrmsasþa )anCaGñkmansT§a bYsehIy CaGñk

mansIlbrisuT§ edayplénkmµcas;rbs;elak eTIbekIteraKXøg;

eLIg . eRBaHeraKXøg;enaH eFV I[Gvyv³ragkayrbs;elakEbkCa

dMe)ABaseBjxøÜn ehIymanxúÞHhUrecjmk . elaksñak;enAkñúgsala

sRmab;Pikç úGaBaF .

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manenaHÉg TukçeTIbGs;eTA} dUecñH ehIycakecjeTA . elaktaMg

enAkñ úg»vaTrbs;RBHefr³ehIy ceRmInvibsSna )aneFV I[Cak;c,as;

GPiBaØa 6 .


kalRBHvibsSIeBaFistV RbsUtcakRBHKP’

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 29¦ Ca RBHCatibUCketßr .


)anmanBnøWy:agFM nigEpnRbwfBIRBmTaMgsmuRTsaKr

nigPñ M k¾jab;j½r .

mü:ageTot BYkeharacarüBüakrN_fa RBHBuT§

nwg]b,tþikñúgelak nwgCaGñkRbesIrCagsBVstV nwg

júa MgBYkCn ¬caksgSarTukç¦ .

eyIg )ansþab;Bakürbs;BYkeharacarüehIy

)aneFVIkarbUCa edaytRmiHfa karbUCadUcCakarbUCa

RBHCatiminman . ¬éf¶RbsUt=GñkERb¦ .

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RCHføa RKaeyIgeFV IkarbUCaRBHCatiehIy k¾eFVIkal

kir iyaRtg;T IenaH .

eyIgcUldl;kMeNItNa² KW CaeTvta b¤

mnusS kñúgkMeNItenaH² eyIg)anCaFMCagsBVstV

enHCaplénkarbUCaRBHCati .

emedaHTaMgLay rEmgbeRmIeyIg RbRBwtþeTA


tamGMNaccitþrbs;eyIg eKminGaceFVIeyIg[eRkaF

eLIy enHCaplénkarbUCaRBHCati .

kñúgkb,TI 91 GMBIPTÞkb,enH eyIg)aneFVIkar

bUCaNa kñúgRKaenaH eRBaHkarbUCaenaH eyIgminEdl

sÁal;TuKÁtieLIy enHCaplénkarbUCaRBHCati .


cRkBtþi 34 dg CaFMCagRbCa manRBHnamfa

su)aricriy³ manBlanuPaBeRcIn .



RBHefr³luHseRmcGPiBaØa 6 ehIy rBJkdl;)abkmµEdlxøÜn

eFV IehIykñúgCatimun² edayGMNacéneraK EdlxøÜnTTYlkñúgbc©úb,nñ

edaybMNgdl;karBicarNakielsEdllH)anehIyCasMxan; \LÚv

enH kalnwgRbkasfa kielsenaHelaklH)anehIy edayRbkar

TaMgBYg eTIb)aneBalKafafa


)abkmµNa EdleyIg)aneFVITukehIykñúgCati

déT² kñúgkalmun eyIg)anesayplrbs;)abkmµ

enaH kñ úgGtþPaBenHÉg erOg)abkmµdéTnwgminman t

eTAeToteLIy .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa )abM ¬)abkmµ¦ )andl; Gkuslkmµ .

k¾GkuslkmµenaHelakehAfa )ab eRBaHGtßfa efakTab . bTfa

bueBV esµIn wg bura ¬ERbfa kñúgkalmun¦ . bTfa GBaØasu Catisu

¬kñúgCatidéT²¦ esckþIfa kñúgCatidéTGMBICatienH )andl; kñúgGtþPaB

déT .

k¾kñúgKafaenHmann½ydUecñHfa sUm,Ifa eyIgmin)aneFVI)abkmµ

dUecñaH kñ úgGtþPaBenaH nig)abkmµenaHnwgekItmin)aneLIykñúgkal

\LÚvenHk¾Bit Et)abkmµNaEdleyIgeFV ITukkñ úgCatidéTeRkAGMBICati

enHenAman )abkmµenaH eyIgkMBugesayenAkñúgGtþPaBenHÉg GFi-

b,ayfa kmµenaH KW plEdleyIgkMBugesay KW RbsBVehIy

kñúgCatienHÉg KW kñúgGtþPaBenHÉg . eRBaHehtuGVI? eRBaHerOg)ab-


kmµdéTnwgminman ¬teTAeTot¦ . eRBaHdUecñaH »kasEdlnwgesay

kmµenaH KW karCab;Bak;B½n§CamYyxn§déTeTIbminman eRBaHxn§TaMgenH

minmanbdisn§i rEmgrlt;eTAedaykarrlt;éncitþdYgcugeRkay eRBaH

lH])aTan)anehIyedayRbkarTaMgBYg dUcGNþatePø Igminman]s

rlt;eTAdUecñaH . dUecñaH esµIKñanwgRBHefr³)anBüakrN_RBHGrhtþ-

plehIy .

cb;Gdækfa smitiKutþetßrKafaTI 1

3

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Gdðkza ksSbezrKazaTI 2

[83] eyn eyn suPikçani sivani GPyani c

etn butþk KcäsSú ma esakb,heta Pvati .

TImanPikçahard¾sm,Úrpg TId¾ekSmkSanþ minmanP½ypg

mankñúgTisNa² mñalkUn GñkcUreTAkñúgTisenaH² cuH

sUmkuM[GñkmanesckþIesakebotebon)aneLIy .

RBHksSbetßr .

Kafarbs;RBHksSbetßr epþImfa kUneGIy kñúgTisaPaKNa² .


)anB¤fa RBHefr³enHekItkñúgRtkUlRBahµN_ kñ úgkalRBHman

RBHPaKRBHnamfa bTumutþr³ sikSacb;éRtevT nigseRmcsil,sa®sþ

rbs;RBahµN_y:agdéTehIy éf¶mYy eKeXIjRBHmanRBHPaKehIy

mancitþRCHføa eTIbeFV IkarbUCaedaypáamøiH . nigkaleFVIkarbUCa )an

)acpáaeTAelIGakasedayCuMvijRBHsasþa . edayBuT§anuPaB páaeQI

TaMgGs;)ansßitenAkñ úglkçN³eFV ICadm,Úlpáa Gs;evla 7 éf¶ eK


eXIjehtuGs©arüenaHehIy k¾mancitþRCHføaéRkElg . eKeFV IbuNü

t² mk )anRtac;rgÁat;eTAmkEtkñúgsuKtiPBb:ueNÑaH Gs; 100>000

kb, kñúgBuT§ úb,aTkalenH ekItCabutþrbs;]Tic©RBahµN_mñak; kñúgRkúg

savtßI )annamfa ksSb³ bitaeFVIkal³kñúgevlaEdleKenAekµg mata

eTIbciBa© wmeKtmk .

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RBHmanRBHPaKehIy )an ¬seRmc¦ CaRBHesatabnñ Rtg;TIGgÁ úy

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ehIyesþcyagcarikeTAkan;CnbT elakR)afñanwgeTACamYyRBHsasþa

eTIbRtLb;eTArkmata edIm,Ila . matakalnwgR)ab; eTIbeBalKafa

CaBaküTUnµanfa

kUneGIy kñúgTisaPaKNa² manPikçark)an

gay manesckþIekSm nigminmanP½y kUncUreTAkan;

TisaPaKenaH² cuH kUnkM u)anRbsBVesckþIesakebot


eboneLIy .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa eyn eyn ¬Na²¦ )andl; kñ úg

TINa² . k¾bTfa eyn eyn enH CattiyaviPtþi cuHkñúgGtßén

stþmIviPtþ i . ERbfa kñ úgTisaPaKNa² .

bTfa suPikçani ¬manPikçark)angay¦ )andl; manbiNÐ)at

rk)angay GFib,ayfa CaTIenArbs;GñkRkúg . bTfa sivani ¬man

esckþIekSm¦ )andl; putP½y minmaneraK .

bTfa GPiyani ¬minmanP½y¦ esckþIfa minmanP½y Edl

ekItGMBIecarP½yCaedIm . cMENkeraKP½y nigTuBiÖkçP½y elakse®gÁaH

cUleday 2 bTfa suPikçani sivani enHÉg .

bTfa etn ¬enaH²¦ esµInwg ttß GFib,ayfa kñúgTisaPaK

enaH² . mataGñkmanesckþIGaNit ehARBHefr³enaHfa kUneGIy .

sBÞfa ma Cani)at R)ab;esckþIbdiesF . bTfa esakabheta

¬kuM)anRbsBVesckþIesakeboteboneLIy¦ esckþIfa kuMeTAkan;EdnEdl

KµanKuNsm,tþidUceBalehIy kuMRtÚvesckþIesakEdlekItGMBITuBiÖkç-


P½yCaedIm eboteboneLIy .

RBHefr³sþab;»vaTenaHehIy ekItesckþI]sSah³fa {matarbs;

eyIg R)afña[eyIgeTAkan;TIEdlR)ascakesckþIesak eNðIycuH

eyIgKYrseRmc[dl;sßanTIEdlR)ascakesckþIesakEtmü:ag} eTIb

epþ ImtaMgvibsSna k¾seRmcRBHGrhtþkñ úgevlaminyUr .

smdUcBaküEdlelakeBalTukkñ úgGbTanfa¬1¦

eyIgCaRBahµN_ CaGñksVaFüaymnþ cgcaM

mnþ ecHcb;éRtevT QrenATIkNþalval )aneXIj

RBHmanRBHPaK RTg;CaGñknaMénelak esþcRtac;eTA

kñ úgéRBdUcraCsIh_ mintk;søútdUcCaesþcxøaFM RTg;

EsVgrkKuNd¾FMéRkElgdUcesþcdMrImatgÁ³cuHeRbg 3

kEnøg .

eyIgeTIbkac;ykpáasirman;e)aHeLIgeTAbUCa

kñúgGakas edayBuT§anuPaB páasirman;TaMgLay k¾

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 32¦ Ca RBHeseryüketßr .


EhhmehIyedayRbkarTaMgBYg .

RBHsBVBaØÚmhavIr³ GñknaMénelak RTg;GFidæan

ehIy páaeQITaMgLayk¾x©ayCadMbUgpáaedayCuMv ij

bUCaRBHGgÁGñkGg;GacCagnrCn .

kñúglMdab;enaH sMNuMpáaeQIenaH manTgcUl

xagkñúgmanmuxecjxageRkA Camøb;páakarBarGs; 7

éf¶ ehIyvinasGMBITIenaHeTA .

eyIg)aneXIjPaBGs©arüEdlminFøab;man KYr

cMELk KYrRBWeramenaHehIy k¾júa Mgcitþ[RCHføakñ úg

RBHsuKtsm<úT § CaGñknaMénelak .

edaycitþEdlRCHføaenaH eyIgEdlkuslmUl

das;etOnehIy minEdl)ancUldl;TuKÁtieLIy Gs;

100>000 kb, .

kñúgkb,TI 15>000 eyIg)anCaesþccRkBtþi

25 dg RTg;RBHnamdUcKñafa v Itmlas³¬1¦ man

1¦ )alIGbTan Ca vilamala .


BlanuPaBeRcIn .



RBHefr³kalseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy Kitfa {BaküTUnµanrbs;

mataenHÉg CakegVr[seRmcRBHGrhtþ} eTIb)aneBalKafaenaHÉg

dEdleTot.

cb;Gdækfa ksSbetßrKafaTI 2

3

-221- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 9 sIhefrKafaTI 3

Gdðkza sIhezrKazaTI 3

[84] sI h b , m e tþ a v i h r r tþi nÞi v m t nÞi e t a

Paevhi kuslM FmµM Ch sIXM smusSynþi .

mñalPikç úeQµaHsIh³ cUrGñkku MRbmaT kuMx ¢ ilRcGUs

Gs;yb; nigéf¶ cUrGñkceRmInkuslFm’cuH cUrGñk lHbg;nUveRKagkay KW GtþPaBedayqab;cuH .

RBHsIhetßr .

Kafarbs;RBHsIhetßr epþImfa sIh³ GñkcUrkuMRbmaT . erOg

ekIteLIgdUcemþc?

)anB¤fa RBHefr³enaHCaGñkmanGFikar)aneFVITukehIykñúgRBH

BuT§GgÁmun² kñúgkalrbs;RBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa GtßTsSI kñúgTI

bMputénkb,TI 1>800 GMBIPTÞkb,enH ekItCakinñr manpáaeQIPkSa

manpáaeQICaeRKÓgesøókdNþb; sñak;enARtg;RcaMgsÞwgcnÞPaKa eXIj

RBHmanRBHPaKesþcyageTAkan;pøÚvGakas mancitþRCHføa manesckþI

R)afñanwgbUCa k¾)anQrpÁgGBa¢lI . RBHmanRBHPaKRTg;RCabGFüa-


Rs½yrbs;eK eTIbesþccuHGMBIGakas Rbfab;Bt;EPñnRtg;Kl;eQI

mYyedIm . kinñrbukxøwmcnÞn_ ehIyeFVIkarbUCaedaykøineQIcnÞn_ nig

edaypáaeQI fVaybgÁMeFV IRbTkSiN ehIyecosecjeTA .

edaybuBaØkmµenaH eK)anGenÞaleTAkñ úgeTvta nigmnusSTaMg

Lay kñúgBuT§ úb,aTkalenH mkekItkñúgRtkUlmløkSRt )annamfa

sIh³ . sIhkumareXIj RBHmanRBHPaKehIy mancitþRCHføa fVay

bgÁMehIy GgÁúykñúgTImYy . RBHsasþaRTg;RtÜtemIlGFüaRs½yeK

ehIy RTg;sEmþgFm’ . eKsþab;Fm’ehIy mansT§aRCHføa bYsehIy

erogkmµdæanenAkñúgéRB . citþrbs;elakraymayeTAkñúgGarmµN_epSg²

minEmnEtmYy eTIbminGacjúaMgRbeyaCn_xøÜn[seRmc)an RBHsasþa

RTg;eXIjdUecñaHehIy Rbfab;QrkñúgGakas RTg;TUnµanedayRBHKafa

fa

sIh³ GñkcUrkM uRbmaT cUrkM ux ¢ ilRcGUsGs;

yb; nigéf¶ cUrGb;rMkuslFm’[ekIteLIg cUrlHqnÞ-

raK³kñ úgGtþPaBecj[qab;cuH .


kñúgkalcb;Kafa elakceRmInvibsSna k¾seRmcRBHGrhtþ

ehIy .

smdUcKafaRbB½n§EdlelakeBalTukkñúgGbTanfa¬1¦

evlaenaHeyIgCakinñr enARtg;RcaMgsÞwgcnÞ-

PaKa nigeyIgmanpáaCaGahar manpáaeQICaeRKÓg

esøókdNþb; .

RBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfaGtßTsSI CaeCdæburs

énelak CaGñkGg;GacCagnrCn esþcehaHeTAelI

cugeQI dUcesþchgSehaHeTAkñ úgGm<r .

¬eyIgeBalfa¦ sUmkarnmsáarcUlmandl;

RBHGgÁ RTg;CabursGaCaenyü citþrbs;´RBHGgÁbri-

suT§l¥ RBHGgÁmansm,úrRBHP®kþpUrpg; manRBHT½y

pUrpg; .

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emFal¥ esþccuHcakGakas RTg;RkalsMBt;sgÇadi

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 54¦ Ca RBHcnÞnbUCketßr .


ehIy Rbfab;Bt;EPñn .

eyIgkan;ykxøwmcnÞRkGUbeTAkñúgsmñak;RBHCin

RsI eyIgmancitþRCHføa mancitþesamnsS )anbUCa

RBHBuT§ .

eyIgfVaybgÁMRBHsmµasm<úT § CaeCdæbursén

elak CaGñkGg;GacCagnrCn júa MgesckþIr Ikray

[ekIt ehIyEbrmuxRtLb;eTAkan;Tis]tþr .


bUCaRBHBuT§edayxøwmcnÞNa eRBaHkarbUCaenaH eyIg

minEdlsÁal;TuKÁtieLIy enHCaplénBuT§bUCa .


CaesþccRkBtþi 3 dg RTg;RBHnamfa erahiNI man

BlanuPaBeRcIn .




bTfa sIh³ kñúgRBHKafafa sIhb,metþa CaedIm EdlRBH

manRBHPaKRtas;Ca»vaT CaBaküehAeQµaHrbs;RBHefr³enaH .

bTfa Gb,metþa vihr ¬GñkcUrkuMRbmaT¦ esckþIfa GñkcUrevor

cakesckþIRbmaT edaykarminenAR)ascaksti KW CaGñkRbkbeTA

edaysti nigsm,CBaØ³ kñúgRKb;² \riyabfcuH .

\LÚvenH edIm,InwgRTg;sEmþgGb,maTviharFm’enaH RBmTaMg

pledaysegçb RBHmanRBHPaKeTIbRtas;BaküCaedImfa rtþinÞivM ¬TaMg

yb; nigéf¶¦ dUecñH .

Gtßrbs;KafaenaHmandUecñH GñkkuMx¢ ilRcGUs KW kuMePøcsti

)andl; cUrCaGñkR)arB§esckþIBüayam edayGMNacénsmµb,Fan

manGgÁ 4 edayn½yEdlRtas;Tukfa {cUrjúaMgcitþ[brisuT§cakGa-

vrnIyFm’ ¬Fm’CaeRKÓgraraMgesckþIl¥¦ edaykarc®gám edaykar

GgÁúy} ehIycUrjúaMgFm’ KW smf³ nigvibsSnaEdlCakusl nig

júaMgelakutþrFm’ [eXIjc,as; KW [ekIteLIg )andl; [ceRmIn

eTotpg k¾kal[ceRmIny:agenHehIy cUrlHqnÞraK³kñ úgGtþPaBenH


ecjedayqab;rh½s KW edayminyWtyUr edaykarlHqnÞraK³Edl

Cab;kñúgGtþPaBenaHecjCabzm k¾RKalHy:agenHehIy nwglH ¬qnÞ-

raK³¦ )an edaykarrlt;sñiT§éncitþdYgcugeRkay nigedayminman

cMENksl;)ankñ úgkaleRkay .

k¾RBHefr³kalseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy kalnwgBüakrN_RBH

Grhtþpl )aneBalKafaenaHdEdleTot dUecñH .

cb;Gdækfa sIhefrKafaTI 3

3

-227- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 9 nItefrKafaTI 4

Gdðkza nItezrKazaTI 4

[85] sBVrtþ w subitVan Tiva sgÁNiek reta

kuTasSú nam TuemµeFa TukçsSnþ M krisStIti .

buKÁledklk;rhUtraRtITaMgGs; eRtkGrkñúgBYkKN³

kñúgevlaéf¶ CaGñkGb,bBaØa kalNanwgeFV In UvTIbMput

énTukç)an .

RBHnItetßr .

Kafarbs;RBHnItetßr manBaküepþImfa buKÁll¶g;exøA rvl;Et

edkGs;TaMgyb; . erOgekIteLIgy:agNa?

)anB¤fa RBHefr³enH CaRBahµN_eQµaHfa sunnÞ³ kñúgkalén

RBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa bTumutþr³ beRgónmnþdl;RBahµN_eRcInry

nak; bUCayBaØeQµaH vaCebyü³ RBHmanRBHPaKkalnwgGnueRKaHdl;

RBahµN_enaH eTIbesþcyageTAkan;TIbUCayBaØ esþcc®gámenAkñ úg

Gakas RBahµN_eXIjRBHsasþaehIy )anmancitþRCHføa [sisS

TaMgLaynaMpáaeQImk ehIye)aHeLIgeTAkñúgGakas eFV IkarbUCa .


edayBuT§anuPaB sßanTIenaH nigRkúgTaMgGs; )andUcCaRtÚvRKbdNþb;

edaypáa . mhaCnekItbItiesamnsSy:ag]LarkñúgRBHsasþa .

edaykuslkmµenaH sunnÞRBahµN_ )anGenÞaleTAmkkñúgeTvta

nigmnusSTaMgLay kñúgBuT§ úb,aTkalenH mkekItCabutþrbs;RBahµN_

mñak; kñúgRkúgsavtßI mannamfa nIt³ . eKdwgkþ IehIy k¾)anKitfa

{smNskübutþTaMgenH mansIlgay² manmaryaTgay² qan;

ePaCny:agl¥ enAkñúgesnasn³EdlRbk;)aMgl¥ eyIgbYsehIyGac

enAy:agsb,aykñúgesnasn³TaMgenH)an} eTIbbYs eRBaHR)afñanwg

sb,ay eronkmµdæankñúgsmñak;rbs;RBHsasþaehIy mnsikarkmµ-

dæanGs; 2-3 éf¶b: ueNÑaH k¾lHbg;kmµdæanenaH qan;tamcitþRtÚvkar

rhUtkageBaH eRtkGrkñúgkarsñiT§sñaledayBYkTaMgRBwkTaMgl¶ac júaMg

evla[knøgeTAedaykarsnÞnakñúgtircäankfa kñúgevlayb;k¾RtÚvfIn-

miT§³RKbsgát; edklk;mYyyb;Tl;PWø . RBHsasþaRTg;RtÜtemIl

PaBcas;køaénehturbs;elakehIy kalnwgRTg;RbTan»vaT )anRtas;

Kafafa


buKÁll¶g;exøA rvl;EtedkrhUtTaMgraRtI nig

eRtkGrehIykñúgkarsñiT §sñalGs;RBwk l¶ac kal

NanwgeFV IT IbMputénTukç)an .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa sBVrtþw ¬Gs;TaMgraRtI¦ )andl; Gs;

yb;TaMgGs; .

bTfa subitVan ¬rvl;Etedk¦ )andl; edklk;ehIy . GFi-

b,ayfa minxVl;xVaykñúgkarPJak; EdlelakeBalTukedayn½yfa {CRmH

citþ[brisuT§cakGavrNIyFm’edaykarc®gám edaykarGgÁúy Gs;

bzmyaménraRtI} CaedIm QancuHkan;karedkGs;yamTaMg 3 én

raRtI .

bTfa Tiva ¬Gs;TaMgRBwkl¶ac¦ )andl; TaMgéf¶ GFib,ay

fa Gs;cMENkénéf¶TaMgGs; .

bTfa sgÁNiek ¬eRtkGrehIykñúgkarsñiT §sñal¦ esckþIfa

karCYbCu MKñaCamYybuKÁleRcIneTAedaykareFV Iragkay[FMFat; eday

karsnÞnaKñakñ úgerOgKµansar³ eQµaHfa karRcLÚkRcLM . GñkEdl


eRtkGr KW GPirmü kñúgkarRcLÚkRcLMenaH )andl; GñkEdlenA

minTan;Gs;esckþIeBjcitþkñ úgkarRcLÚkRcLMenaH ehAfa eRtkGr

ehIykñúgkarRcLÚkRcLM . )alIfa sgÁNikareta dUecñHk¾man .

bTfa kuTasSú nam ¬kalNa>>> )anhñ+¦ esµInwg kuTa nam .

bTfa GsSú Cani)at . mann½yfa kñúgkaleQµaHGV I .

bTfa TuemµeFa ¬buKÁll¶g;exøA¦ )andl; buKÁlminmanbBaØa .

bTfa TukçsS ¬énTukç¦ )andl; Tukçkñ úgvdþ³ .

bTfa GnþM esµInwg brieyasanM ¬ERbfa TIbMput¦ . GFib,ay

fa kalNanwgeFVIkarmincUleTARbkan;maMedaycMENkmYyhñ+ KW kar

eFVITIbMputénTukç rEmgminmandl;buKÁldUecñH . )alIfa TuemµF Tukç-

sSnþ M krisSsi k¾man .

k¾kalRBHsasþaRtas;RBHKafay:agenHehIy RBHefr³k¾ekIt

esckþItk;søút epþImceRmInvibsSna seRmcRBHGrhtþkñúgkalminyUr .


1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 55¦ Ca RBHbuböqTniyetßr .


eyIgCaRBahµN_ mannamfa sunnÞ³ CaGñk

ecHcb;mnþ CaGñksVaFüaymnþ CaGñkKYrdl;karsUm

)anbUCayBaØeQµaHfa vaCebyü³ .

kñúgRKaenaH RBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfabTumutþr³

RTg;dwgc,as;nUvelak RTg;RbesIr CaRBH\sI Rbkb

edayRBHkruNa RTg;GaNitBYkCn esþcc®gámenA

kñ úgGakas .

RBHsBVBaØ ÚBuT§ CaGñknaMénelak esþcc®gám

ehIy RTg;minman]bFi RTg;pSayemtþaeTAkñúgbNþa

stV rkRbmaNmin)an .

RBahµN_GñkecHcb;mnþ kþicpáaeQIRtg;TgehIy

RbCuMsisSTaMgGs; [sisSCYyKñae)aHpáaeQIeTAkñúg

Gakas .

kñúgRKaenaH dm,ÚlpáaeQIRKbdNþb;TUTaMgRkúg

minvinaseTA ¬sßitenA¦ Gs; 7 éf¶ edayBuT§anuPaB .


edaykuslmUlenaH RBahµN_GñkecHcb;mnþ

)anesaysm,tþiehIy kMNt;dwgGasv³TaMgBYg qøg

elakTaMg 3 nigtNða)anehIy .

kñúgkb,TI 1>100 GMBIPTÞkb,enH eyIg)anCa

esþccRkBtþi 35 dg manRBHnamdUcKñafa Gm<rgS³

manBlanuPaBeRcIn .




htþpl )aneBalKafaenHÉgdEdleTot dUecñH .

cb;Gdækfa nItetßrKafaTI 4

3

-233- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 9 sunaKefrKafaTI 5

Gdðkza sunaKezrKazaTI 5

[86] citþnimitþsS ekav ieTa bvievkrsM v iCaniy

QayM nibeka btisSeta GFiKecäyü suxM niramisnþi .

buKÁlQøasév kñ úgnimitþrbs;citþ dwgc,as;nUvrsén

vievk dutkMedAkiels CaGñkmanR)aCJarkSaxø Ün man

sµartItmál;maM Kb,I)annUvniramissux KW RBHniBVan .

RBHsunaKetßr .

Kafarbs;RBHsunaKetßr epþImfa GñkQøaskñúgnimitþénPavna

citþ . erOgekIteLIgdUcemþc?



kñúgkalrbs;RBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa sixI kñúgkb,TI 31 GMBIPTÞkb,

enH mkekItkñúgRtkUlRBahµN_ ceRmInv½yehIy eroncb;éRtevT enA

kñúgGaRsmCitdgéRB beRgónmnþdl;RBahµN_ 3>000 nak; . éf¶mYy

eKeXIjRBHsasþa eTIbBicarNaemIlRBHlkçN³ ehIyraymnþsRmab;


TaylkçN³ k¾ekItesckþIRCHføay:agéRkElg R)arB§RBHBuT§BaØaN

fa {buKÁlRbkbedaylkçN³dUecñH nwgCaRBHBuT§RBHBiCitmar man

RBHjaNrkTIbMputmin)an} .

edaycitþEdlRCHføaenaH eKeTAekItkñ úgeTvelak GenÞaleTA

mkenAkñúgeTvta nigmnusSTaMgLay kñúgBuT§úb,aTkalenH ekItCabutþ

rbs;RBahµN_mñak; kñúgnalkRKam mannamfa sunaK³ . eKCamitþ

sMLaj;rbs;RBHFmµeTsnabtIkñúgkalenACaRKhsß eTAkan;smñak;rbs;

RBHefr³ sþab;Fm’ehIy taMgenAkñúgTsSnPUmi¬1¦ bYsehIy ceRmIn

vibsSna k¾)anseRmcRBHGrhtþ .

smdUcKafaB½n§EdlelakeBalTukkñ úgGbTanfa¬2¦

kñúgTIminq¶ayGMBIPñMhimBanþ manPñMeQµaHfasP³

Rtg;eCIgPñ MenaH manGaRsmEdleyIgsagTuk .

kñúgRKaenaHeyIgCaRBahµN_ R)ab;mnþdl;sisS

3>000 nak; eyIgbeRgónsisSTaMgenaHehIy enA

1¦ Caesatabnñ / 2¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 57¦ Ca RBHrehasBaØiketßr .


¬kñ úgTIs¶at;¦ kñ úgTId¾smKYrmYy .

RBahµN_GñkecHcb;mnþ GgÁúykñúgTId¾smKYr

ehIy EsVgrkBuT§evT eFV Ic itþRCHføakñ úgRBHjaN .

luHeyIgjúaMgcitþ[RCHføakñ úgRBHjaNehIy

GgÁúyBt;EPñnelIkRmalsøwkeQI )aneFVIkalkiriya

enAkñ úgTIenaH .

kñúgkb,TI 31 GMBIPTÞkb,enH eyIg)ansBaØa

NakñúgRKaenaH eRBaHsBaØaenaH eyIgminEdlsÁal;

TuKÁtieLIy enHCaplénsBaØakñ úgRBHjaN .


esþccRkBtþi RTg;RBHnamfa siriFr RTg;bribUN’eday






htþpl edayRbkasFmµeTsnadl;PikçúTaMgLay )aneBalKafafa

GñkQøaskñúgnimitþéncitþPavna esayrsén

vievk smøwgQan QøaskñúgkarrkSakmµdæan man

stitmál;maM Kb,IluHniramissux )anedayBit .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa citþnimitþsS ekavieTa ¬GñkQøas

kñúgnimitþénPavnacitþ¦ esckþIfa GñkQøaskñúgkarkan;yknUvnimitþén

Pavnacitþ KW Qøaskñúgkarkan;ykcitþnimitþ EdlKYrdl;karpÁgTuk

CaedIm y:agenHfa {Kb,IpÁgcitþkñ úgsm½yenH Kb,I[citþr Ikraykñúg

sm½yenH Kb,IRBegIykñúgsm½yenH} dUecñH .

bTfa bvievkrsM viCaniy ¬esayrsénvievk¦ esckþIfa

dwgrséncitþvievk EdljúaMgkayvievk[ceRmIn GFib,ayfa esay

vievksux . elakGFib,ayfa )andl; pwknUvvimutþ irs . bTfa

QayM ¬smøwgQan¦ )andl; smøwgedayGarmµNUbniCÄanmun ehIy

smøwgedaylkçNUbniCÄankñ úgkalxageRkay .

bTfa nibeka ¬Qøas¦ )andl; QøaskñúgkarrkSakmµdæan .


bTfa btisSeta ¬manstitaMgmaM¦ )andl; cUleTAtaMgsti

Tuk .

bTfa GFiKecäyü suxM niramisM ¬Kb,IseRmcniramissux

)anedayBit¦ esckþIfa taMgenAkñ úgsuxEdlekItGMBIcitþvievk Edl

nwgKb,I)anedayPaBCaGñkQøaskñúgsmfnimitþCaedImy:agenH ehIy

CaGñkmansti mansm,CBa¢³ smøwgedayvibsSnaQanenaHÉg Kb,I

seRmc KW Kb,IcUleTAdl;RBm nUvniBVansux nigplsux EdleQµaH

fa minmanGamis eRBaHminmanlayLMedayGamis KW kam nigGamis

KW vdþ³ .

cb;Gdækfa sunaKefrKafaTI 5

3


Gdðkza naKitezrKazaTI 6

[87] \eta BhiT§a bufuGBaØvaT inM

meKÁa n niBVanKema yfa GyM

\tisSú sgÇM PKvanusasti

stßa syM )aNitelv TsSynþi .

RBHmanRBHPaKCasasþacarü kalsMEdgedayRBHGgÁ

Ég ¬dUcEpøknÞÜtéRB¦ kñúg)atéd EtgeRbónRbedAsgÇ

y:agenHfa pøÚvd¾RbesIrenH CapøÚveTAkan;RBHniBVan min

EmndUcpøÚvrbs;tirßiyGñkeBalepSg ² xageRkAsasna

enHeT .

RBHnaKitetßr .

Kafarbs;RBHnaKitetßr manBaküepþ Imfa kñúglT§iéntir ß iyeRkA

RBHsasnaenH . erOgekIteLIgy:agNa?

)anB¤fa RBHefr³enH CaRBahµN_eQµaHfa narT³ kñúgkalén

RBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa bTumutþr³ éf¶mYy GgÁúyenAkñúgeragmUl )an

-239- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 9 naKitefrKafaTI 6

eXIjRBHmanRBHPaKEdlmanPikçúsgÇEhhm esþckMBugyageTA k¾

mancitþRCHføa eTIbsresIredayKafa 3 Kafa .

edaybuBaØkmµenaH eK)aneTAekItkñúgeTvelak eFVIbuNüt² mk

GenÞaleTAmkkñúgeTvta nigmnusSTaMgLay . kñúgBuT§ úb,aTkalenH

mkekItkñúgsküRtkUl kñúgRkúgkbilBsþú eKsþab;mFubiNÐiksURt

ehIy mancitþRCHføa bYsehIy ceRmInvibsSna k¾)anseRmcRBH

Grhtþ .


eyIgGgÁúyenAkñ úgeragmUlEdlFM )aneXIj

RBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa bTumutþr³ CaGñknaMénelak

GñkmanGasv³Gs;ehIy CaGñkseRmcBlFm’ Eh

hmedayPikç úsgÇ .

Pikç úsgÇ 100>000 rUb GñkseRmcviC¢a 3

)anGPiBaØa 6 manbJT§ ×eRcIn EhhmRBHsmµasm<úT §

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 59¦ Ca RBHGtßsnÞsSketßr .


nrNahñ+ eXIjehIynwgminRCHføa .

kñúgmnusSelak RBmTaMgeTvelak minman

GVIeRbóbkñúgRBHjaNrbs;RBHsmµasm<úT §RBHGgÁNa

nrNaa)aneXIjRBHsmµasm<úT §RBHGgÁenaH Gñkman

RBHjaNminmanTIbMputehIy nwgminRCHføahñ+ .

CnTaMgLayminGaceFVIRBHBuT§ GñkRTg;sEmþg

Fmµkay RTg;CaGNþÚgekIténrtn³TaMgLay[keRmIk

)an nrNahñ+ eXIjehIynwgminRCHføa .

RBahµN_namfa narT³ GñkmancitþPkþI sresIr

RBHsmµasm<úT§RBHnamfa bTumutþr³ RTg;mincaj;cal;

eday 3 KafaenH .

edaycitþRCHføa nigedaykarsresIrRBHBuT§

enaH eyIgminEdlcUldl;TuKÁtieLIyGs; 100>000

kb, .



esþccRkBtþi RTg;RBHnamfa smitþ³ RTg;bribUN’




RBHefr³kalseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy GaRs½yRBHeTsnarbs;

RBHsasþaCarbs;Bit nigRBHFm’eFVI[stVrYcputcakTuk eTIbekItbIti

nigesamnsS kalnwgEføg]TanEdlpSayeTAedaykmøaMgénbIti )an

eBalKafafa

kñúglT§iéntirß iyxageRkARBHsasnaenH min

manpø ÚveTAkan;RBHniBVan dUcGriymKÁmanGgÁ 8 enH

eLIy RBHmanRBHPaKCabrmRKÚ RTg;TUnµanPikç úsgÇ

edayRBHGgÁÉgy:agenH dUcEdlRTg;sMEdgEpøknÞ Üt

éRBkñúg)atRBHhsþ dUecñH .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa \eta BhiT§a ¬xageRkARBHsasna

enH¦ esckþIfa kñúgsasnadéTeRkARBHBuT§sasnaenH . eRBaHehtu


enaH eTIbelakeBalfa ¬kñ úglT§i¦ éntirß iyxageRkA GFib,ayfa

)andl; tirß iyepSg² .

bTfa meKÁa n niBVanKema yfa GyM ¬minmanpøÚveTAkan;

RBHniBVan dUcmKÁmanGgÁ 8 enHeLIy¦ esckþIfa pøÚvEdlRbkbeday

GgÁ 8 d¾RbesIrenH eQµaHfa Capø ÚveTAkan;RBHniBVan KW júaMgstV

[dl;RBHniBVan eRBaHCapø ÚvEdleTARBHniBVan)anenaHÉg y:agNa

mKÁEdlnwg[dl;RBHniBVan mankñúglT§idéTenaHk¾minman eRBaHCa

mKÁEdlm©as;lT§idéTmindwgedayxøÜnÉgedayRtÚv RbkasTuk . eRBaH

ehtuenaH RBHmanRBHPaKeTIbRtas;fa {mñalPikçúTaMgLay smN³

¬TI 1¦ mankñ úgsasnaenHb:ueNÑaH smNTI 2 mankñúgsasnaenH

smN³TI 3 mankñúgsasnaenH smN³TI 4 k¾mankñ úgsasna

enH lT§irbs;sasþadéTsUnücaksmN³GñkdwgTUeTA} .

bTfa \ti ERbfa y:agenH . bTfa GsSú Cani)at .

bTfa sgÇM sMedAdl; Pikç úsgÇ . BaküenHCaBaküsEmþg

dl;buKÁly:ag]Rkidæ dUckñ úgRbeyaKCaedImfa stßa eTvmnusSanM


¬Casasþarbs;eTvta nigmnusSTaMgLay¦ . mü:ageTot bTfa sgÇM

Casmuhnam ¬eQµaHEdleBalrYm¦ sMedAykCnCaevenyüstV .

bTfa PKva ¬RBHmanRBHPaK¦ esckþIfa eQµaHfa PKva

edayehtuTaMgLay manPaBCaGñkmaneCaK CaedIm enHCaesckþI

segçbkñúgBaküfa PKva enH . cMENkesckþIBisþar Kb,IRCabeday

n½ydUceBalehIykñúgGdækfa \tivutþ ik eQµaHfa brmtßTIbnI .

bTfa stßa ¬RBHbrmRKÚ¦ esckþIfa eQµaHfa brmRKÚ eRBaH

Gtßfa RTg;TUnµankñ úgRbeyaCn_bc© úb,nñ RbeyaCn_kñúgsm,rayikPB

nigRbeyaCn_y:agéRkElg KW RBHniBVan tamsmKYr .

bTfa syM ¬edayRBHGgÁÉg¦ )andl; EtmYyRBHGgÁÉg .

k¾kñúgKafaenHmanGFib,ayfa RBHsasþa KW RBHmanRBHPaKrbs;eyIg

TaMgLay RTg;bnøWsIhnaTfa {EdleQµaHfa GriymKÁ rEmgminman

kñúglT§ixageRkAdUcCaGriymKÁ EdljúaMgstV[eTAkan;RBHniBVan man

GgÁ 8 mansmµaTidæ iCaedIm Edlse®gÁaHedayxn§ 3 mansIlkçn§

CaedIm Edlmankñúgsasnarbs;tfaKt} CaGñkRtas;dwgedayRBH


symÖÚjaNedayRBHGgÁÉgenaHÉg b¤CabuKÁlEdlRBHmhakruNa

das;etOnehIyedayRBHGgÁÉg RTg;TUnµan KW eBalTUnµanPikç úsgÇ

KW CMnu MénevenyüstV eRBaHRBHGgÁmanKuNsm,tþikñ úgeTsnavilas

dUcRTg;sEmþgEpøknÞ ÜtéRBenAkñúg)atRBHhsßdUecñaH dUecñHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa naKitefrKafaTI 6

3

-245- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 9 bvidæefrKafaTI 7

Gdðkza bvidðezrKazaTI 7

[88] xn§a Tidæa yfaPUtM Pva seBV bTalita

vikçIeNa CatisMsaera ntßiTani bunBÖevati .

xn§TaMgLayéXIjc,as;ehIy tamesckþIBit PB

TaMgBYg´TmøayehIy CatisgSarGs;ehIy \LÚvenH

PBfµIminmaneToteT .

RBHbvidæetßr .

Kafarbs;RBHbvidæetßr manBaküepþ Imfa eyIgeXIjbBa©kçn§

tamBitehIy . erOgekIteLIgdUcemþc?


GgÁmun² eFV IbuNüEdlCa]bnisS½yénRBHniBVanTukkñ úgPBenaH² kñúg

kalénRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa GtßTsSI Catabsnamfa eksv³

éf¶mYy eKcUleTAKal;RBHsasþa sþab;Fm’ehIy k¾mancitþRCHføa

fVaybgÁMpÁgGBa¢lI eFVIRbTkSiNehIyecosecjeTA .

edaybuBaØkmµenaH elakeTAekItkñúgeTvelak eFVIbuNüt² mk


GenÞaleTAmkkñúgeTvta nigmnusSTaMgLay kñúgBuT§úb,aTkalenH mk

ekItkñúgRtkUlRBahµN_ kñúgmKFrdæ dl;nUvPaBdwgkþIehIytamlMdab;

bYsCabriBVaCk eRBaHPaBCaGñkmanGFüaRs½ybeg¥aneTAkñ úgenkçmµ³

sikSavtßúEdlKYrsikSakñ úglT§ienaH ehIyRCabfa ]btisSbriBVaCk

nigekalitbriBVaCk bYskñúgRBHBuT§sasna eTIbKitfa {Fmµtaelak

TaMg 2 enaH CaGñkmanbBaØaeRcIn bYskñúgTINak¾eday TIenaHnwg

RbesIredayBit} eTIbeTAkan;smñak;rbs;RBHsasþa sþab;Fm’ehIy

mancitþRCHføa bYsehIy . RBHsasþaRTg;Rtas;R)ab;vibsSnadl;

elak . elakR)arB§vibsSnaehIy )aneFV I[Cak;c,as;RBHGrhtþ

kñ úgevlaminyUreLIy .


eyIgeQµaHfa narT³ EtCnTaMgLaysÁal;

eyIgfa eksv³ eyIgEsVgrkkusl nigGkusl )an

eTAkan;smñak;rbs;RBHBuT§ .

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 61¦ Ca RBHÉkrMsniyetßr .


RBHmhamunIRBHnamfa GtßTsSI RTg;mancitþ

emtþaRbkbedayRBHkruNa RBHGgÁmanRBHckçú kal

nwgRTg;lYgelamstVTaMgLay[Rsalcitþ eTIbRTg;

sEmþgFm’ .

eyIgjúaMgcitþrbs;xøÜn[RCHføa pÁgGBa¢lITuk

elIsIs³ fVaybgÁMRBHsasþaehIy EbrmuxRtLb;

eTAkan;TisxagekIt .


CaesþccRkBtþi CaFMkñúgEpndI RTg;RBHnamfa Gmitþ-

tabnñ³ manBlanuPaBeRcIn .



RBHefr³luHseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy kalBüakrN_RBHGrhtþ-

pl )aneBalKafafa

eyIgeXIjbBa©kçn§tamesckþIBitehIy Tmøay


PBTaMgBYg)anehIy karvilekItvilsøab;Gs;ehIy

\LÚvenH PBfµIminmaneT .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa xn§a ¬bBa©kçn§¦ )andl; ])aTankçn§

5 GFib,ayfa ])aTankçn§ 5 TaMgenaH EdlRBHeyaKavcrKb,IeXIj

c,as; edaykarcUleTAkMNt;edayvibsSna nigedayGMNackardwg

edayjatb,riBaØaCaedIm .

bTfa Tidæa yfaPUtM ¬eXIj>>> tamesckþIBitehIy¦ esckþI

fa eXIjehIyedayminxus edayn½yCaedImfa {enHTukç} edaymKÁ-

b,BaØa EdlRbkbedayvibsSnabBaØa . bTfa Pva seBV bTalita

¬TmøayPBTaMgBYg)anehIy¦ esckþIfa PBTaMgBYgmankamPBCaedIm

TaMgkmµPB nig]b,tþ iPB eyIgTmøay)anehIy KW km©at;)anehIy

edays®sþa KW mKÁBaØaN . GFib,ayfa kmµPB nig]b,tþiPB rEmg

eQµaHfa EdleyIgTmøayehIy edaykarTmøaykiels)anenaHÉg .

eRBaHehtuenaH RBHefr³eTIbeBalfa vikçIeNa CatisMsaera ntßiTani

bunBÖeva ¬karvilvl;søab;ekItGs;eTAehIy \LÚvenH PBfµIminman¦ .


GtßénKafaenaH ´)aneBalTukehIykñúgxagedImenaHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa bvidæefrKafaTI 7

3


Gdðkza GC¢únezrKazaTI 8

[85] Gskçw vt GtþanM ]T§atu M ]Tka flM

vuyðmaena mehaeXav sc©ani bdiv iCÄhnþi .

´kalyl;c,as;nUvsc©Fm’TaMgLay eTIbGacnwgerI xø ÜneLIgcakTwk KW sMsar eLIgkan;TIeKak KW RBH

niBVan dUcCaCMnn;FM kalbnSat;eTA .

RBHGC¢únetßr .

Kafarbs;RBHGC¢únetßr manBaküepþ Imfa eyIgGacerIx ø Üncak

Twk KW kiels . erOgekIteLIgdUcemþc?



kñúgkalénRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa vibsSI ekItkñúgkMeNItraCsIh_

éf¶mYy eXIjRBHsasþa Rbfab;Kg;eRkamedImeQImYyedImkñúgéRB Kit

fa {RBHsasþaRBHGgÁenH RTg;RbesIrbMputCagstVTaMgBYg CasIh-

burs} dUecñH k¾mancitþRCHføa eTIbkac;EmkraMgEdlmanpáarIk mkbUCa

-251- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 9 GC¢ únefrKafaTI 8

RBHsasþa .

edaybuBaØkmµenaH eKk¾Rtac;rgÁat;eTAkñúgeTvta nigmnusSTaMg

Lay kñúgBuT§ úb,aTkalenH mkekItkñúgRtkUlesdæI kñ úgRkúgsavtß I

mannamfa GC¢ún³ . kaldwgkþ IehIy CaGñkmanesckþIsñiT§sñal

nwgBYkniRKnß eTIbbYskñúg ¬lT§i¦ niRKnß taMgGMBIenAekµgenaHÉg eday

Kitfa {eyIgnwgseRmcGmtFm’eday])ay} kalmin)ansar³kñ úg

lT§ienaH eXIjymkb,adiharü mancitþRCHføa eTIbbYskñúgRBHsasna

ceRmInvibsSna k¾)anCaRBHGrhnþ kñ úgevlaminyUr .


RKaenaH eyIgCaraCsIh_esþcRmwK manRtkUl

eyIgEsVgrkGNþÚgelIPñ M )aneXIjRBHmanRBHPaK

CaGñknaMénelak .

eTIbRtiHriHfa RBHmhavIr³RBHGgÁenH rEmg

júaMgmhaCn[s¶b;RtCak;)an enACasux)an ebIdUecñaH

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 62¦ Ca RBHsalTayketßr .


eyIgKYrcUleTAKal;RBHGgÁ buKÁlRbesIrCageTvta

CaGñkGg;GacCagnrCncuH .

eyIgeTIbkac;EmkraMg ehIynaMykpáaRBmTaMg

cugmk cUleTAKal;RBHsmµasm<úT § ehIy)anfVay

páara Mgd¾s¥at .


BuT§edaypáaeQINa eRBaHkarbUCaenaH eyIgminEdl

sÁal;TuKÁtieLIy enHCaplénkarfVaypáaeQI .


cRkBtþi 3 dg RTg;RBHnamfa vieracn³ manBla-

nuPaBeRcIn .



RBHefr³luHseRmcGrhtþehIy kalnwgbnøW]TanedaykmøaMg

énbIti EdlekItGMBIkarseRmcesckIþsuxd¾kMBUl )aneBalKafafa

-253- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 9 GC¢únefrKafaTI 8

eyIgGacerIxø ÜncakTwk KW kiels eLIgelI

eKak KW RBHniBVan)an dUcCnEdlRtÚvGnøg;TwkbnSat;

eTAehIy elIkxøÜnGMBITwk eyIgcak;FøúHsc©³TaMgLay

ehIy .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa Gskçw ¬Gac¦ )andl; eyIgGac .

sBÞfa vt Cani)at eRbIkñ úgkarsEmþgPaBGs©arü . eRBaHfa kar

cak;FøúHGriysc©³enH CavtßúKYrGs©arüéRkElg . edayehtuenaH eTIb

RBHmanRBHPaKRtas;fa {mñalPikç úTaMgLay GñknwgsMKal;esckþI

enHdUcemþc? NanwgeFVI)anlM)akCag b¤nwgeFVI[ekIteLIg)anlM)ak

Cag KW kar)aj;eramRTayedayeramRTay EdlEbgehIyCa 7 cMENk}

dUecñHCaedIm .

bTfa GtþanM ¬xøÜn¦ elakeBalsMedAdl;vtßúEdl ¬snµtfa¦

manenAkñúgxøÜn eRBaHminmansPav³déTNaEdlnwgrab;fa CaGtþa)an .

bTfa ]T§atuM ¬elIk¦ )andl; edIm,IelIkeLIg . TIxøH )az³

Ca ]T§dæ M dUecñHk¾man . bTfa ]Tka ¬cakTwk¦ )andl; GMBITwk


eBalKW Gnøg;énsgSar . bTfa flM ¬elIeKak¦ )andl; eLIg

kan;eKak KW RBHniBVan .

bTfa vuyðmaena mehaeXav ¬dUcCnEdlRtÚvGnøg;TwkFMbnSat;

eTAehIy¦ esckþIfa dUcGñkrsat;GENþteTAkñ úgGnøg;TwkFM .

elakeBalGFib,ayTukdUecñH eRbóbdUcbursEdlRtÚvRkEs

TwkbnSat;eTAedayrh½s kñúgGnøg;TwkFM TaMgeRCA TaMgFM minmanekaH

eRtIy )anTUkd¾maM rwgbu wg RBmTaMgdgEcv nigefñal EdlCnGñk

R)afñanwgCYynaMeTA[ Kb,IelIkxø ÜneLIgGMBITwkenaH KW dl;enAeRtIy

edaygayenaHÉg y:agNa eyIgk¾dUecñaHdUcKña rsat;eTAeRBaHkmøaMg

énGPisgçar KW kiels kñúgCMnn;TwkFM KW sgSar )anTUk KW Gri-

ymKÁ EdlcUldl;smf³ nigvibsSna EdlRBHbrmsasþaRTg;naM

mk[ GacnwgelIkxø ÜneLIgcakTwk KW kielsenaH KW edIm,Idl;

eRtIy KW RBHniBVan CavtßúKYrGs©arü . RBHefr³eBalfa sc©ani

bdiviCÄhM ¬eyIgcak;FøúHsc©Fm’TaMgLayehIy¦ edIm,IsEmþgdl;sm-

tßPaBtamEdlxøÜn)ansEmþgehIy . RbkbesckIþfa eRBaHehtuEdl

-255- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 9 GC¢ únefrKafaTI 8

eyIgcak;Fø úHGriysc© 4 manTukçsc©CaedIm edaykarcak;Fø úH eRBaH

karkMNt;dwg edaykarlH edaykareFV I[Cak;c,as; nigedaykar

ceRmIn KW )andwgehIyedayGriymKÁBaØaN dUecñaH eyIgeTIbGac

elIkxø ÜneLIgGMBITwk KW kiels eLIgkan;eKak KW RBHniBVan .

cb;Gdækfa GC¢únetßrKafaTI 8

3


Gdðkza ‘bfm’ eTvsPezrKazaTI 9

[90] ]tþiNÑa bgáa bli)a )a t a l a b ri v C¢i t a

muetþa »Xa c Knßa c seBV mana visMhtati .

´qøgeLIgputcakPk; cakl,ab; KW kielsehIy evor

RsLHehIycak)atal ¬ TMnab ¦ KW eyaK³ rYcput

ehIycak»X³pg Knß³pg manHTaMgBYg ´km©at;bg;

ehIy .

RBHeTvsPetßr .

Kafarbs;RBHeTvsPetßrKafa manBaküepþ Imfa eyIgqøgput

kamraK³ dUcCaPk;l,ab; . erOgekIteLIgdUcemþc?

sUm,IRBHefr³enaH k¾CaGñkmanGFikar)aneFVITukehIykñúgRBHBuT§

GgÁmun² snSMbuNüEdlCa]bnisS½yénRBHniBVan Tukkñ úgPBenaH²

kñúgkalRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa sixI ekItkñúgkMeNItRBansmøab;

stV . éf¶mYy eXIjRBHsasþaehIy mancitþRCHføa )anbeg¥anEpø

RTywgfVay . edIm,InwgceRmInsT§arbs;eK RBHsasþaeTIbesayEpø

-257- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 9 bzmeTvsPefrKafaTI 9

RTywgenaH . eKmancitþRCHføaéRkElgeRBaHkaresayEpøRTywgenaH

eTIbcUleTAKal;tamkalevla eFV Icitþ[RCHføa .

edaybuBaØkmµenaH eKekItkñúgeTvelak eFVIbuNüt² mk )an

Rtac;rgÁat;eTAmkkñúgeTvta nigmnusSTaMgLay kñúgBuT§ úb,aTkalenH

ekItCabutþrbs;GñkRKb;RKgmNÐlmYyGgÁ taMgenAkñúgraCsm,tþi taMg

GMBIRTg;enAekµg esayesckþIsuxehIykñúgraCsm,tþi kalRTg;CraPaB

eTIbcUleTAKal;RBHsasþa . RBHsasþaRTg;sEmþgFm’dl;elak .

RBHGgÁsþab;Fm’ehIy mancitþRCHføa ekItnUvesckþIsøútRBHT½y eTIb

lHbg;raCsm,tþiecjbYs ehIyceRmInvibsSna k¾)anseRmcRBH

Grhtþkñ úgevlaminyUr .


kñúgRKaenaH eyIgCaRBanRtac;smøab;stVdéT

d¾eRcIn¬2¦ edkenARtg;jkPñM minq¶ayGMBIRBHsasþa

RBHnamfa sixI .

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 63¦ Ca RBHplTayketßr . 2¦ esckþIkñúgGbTanfa kñúgkalRBHsm<úT§sixI CastVberaF³ / kñúgbidkPUma {)aveka ERbfa stVRBab} .


)aneXIjRBHBuT§CaGñknaMénelak TaMgevla

l¶acevlaRBwk EteyIgminmaneTyüFm’ sRmab;fVay

cMeBaHRBHsasþaCaFMCagRbCa CataTibuKÁl .

eyIgkan;ykEpøRTywg eTAkan;smñak;RBHBuT§

RBHmanRBHPaK RTg;CaeCdæbursénelak GñkRbesIr

CagnrCn RTg;TTYlTukehIy .

tGMBIenaH eyIg)ankan;ykEpøRTywgeTAfVay

RBHGgÁEdlCaGñknaMd¾viess eyIg)aneFVIkalkiriya

kñ úgTIenaH edaycitþEdlRCHføaenaH .


EpøRTywgNa eRBaHkmµenaH eyIgminEdlsÁal;TuKÁti

eLIy enHCaplénkarfVayEpøeQI .


esþccRkBtþi 3 dg RTg;RBHnamfa biyasin³ RTg;





RBHefr³kalseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy k¾ekItesamnsSeday

GMNacénkarBicarNadl;kielsEdllHehIy kalnwgEføg]Tan

eTIbeBalfafa

eyIgqøgputkamraK³EdldUcCaPk; nigqnÞ³-

raKEdldUcCal,ab;)anehIy eyIgevorTidæ iraK³Edl

dUcCa)atal)anehIy eyIgputcak»X³ nigkiels

CaeRKÓgedatRkg TaMgkm©at;manHTaMgBYg)anGs;ehIy

dUecñH .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa ]tþiNÑa ¬rYcput¦ )andl; qøgput

KW QanknøgehIy .

bTfa bgábli)a ¬Pk;l,ab;¦ )andl; TaMgPk; nigl,ab; .

Pk;edayRbRktI ehAfa bgá³ Pk;FMTaMgeRCATaMgFM ehAfa blib³

EtkñúgKafaenH sMedAyksPav³ EdleQµaHfa bgá³ eRBaHdUcCaPk;


)andl; kamraK³ eRBaHcitþRtÚvlabedaysPaBmins¥atcUleTA ¬nig

sMedAdl;¦ sPav³EdleQµaHfa blib³ eRBaHdUcCal,ab; )andl;

qnÞraK³EdlRkas; mankUnRbBn§CaedIm CaGarmµN_ eRBaHRtÚvebot-

ebon nigeRBaHqøgput)anlM)ak edayn½ydUceBalehIy . qnÞraK³

CaedImTaMgenaH eyIgQanknøgehIy edayRbkarTaMgBYg edayG-

naKamimKÁ eRBaHehtuenaH eTIbRBHefr³eBalfa ]tþiNÑa bgábli)a

¬eyIgqøgputkamraK³EdldUcCaPk; nigqnÞraK³EdldUcCal,ab;)an

ehIy¦ dUecñH .

bTfa )atala ¬)atal¦ esckþIfa eQµaHfa )atala eRBaH

dUcCaRkúg)atal )andl; sßanTIenATabCagmhasmuRT . cMENk

GacarüBYkxøHehAnaKBiPBfa )atal . EtkñúgKafaenH )atal )an

dl; Tidæ i eRBaHdUcCaRkúg)atal eRBaHGtßfa cab;min)an QancuH

dl;)anlM)ak nigqøg)anlM)ak . ÉTidæiTaMgenaH eyIgevor)anehIy

KW kat;pþac;ehIy edayRbkarTaMgBYg eRBaHkarseRmcbzmmKÁenaH

Ég eRBaHehtuenaH RBHefr³eTIbeBalfa )atala brivC¢ ita ¬eyIg

evorcakTidæ iraK³EdldUcCa)atal)anehIy¦ .


bTfa muetþa »Xa c Knßa c ¬eyIgrYcputcak»X³ nig

kielsCaeRKÓgrYbrwt¦ esckþIfa eyIgrYcputehIy KW rYcputeday

CuMvijehIy cak»X³man»X³ KW kamCaedIm nigcakeRKÓgrYbrwt

maneRKÓgrYbrwtkay KW GPiCÄaCaedIm edaymKÁenaH² GFib,ayfa

QanknøgehIyedayminmankielsCaeRKÓgrvl; nigminmankiels

CaeRKÓgrYbrwteTot .

bTfa seBV mana visMhta ¬TaMgkm©at;manHTaMgBYg)anGs;

ehIy¦ esckþIfa manHsUm,ITaMg 9 y:ag k¾dl;karsmøab; KW dl;

esckþIvinas KW RtÚvdkeLIgedayBiess edaykarseRmcmKÁCan;

x<s; ¬GrhtþmKÁ¦ . GacarüBYkxøHeBalfa manviFa hta ¬manHxøH

RtÚvsmøab;ehIy¦ GFib,ayfa )andl; cMENkénmanHRtÚvkm©at; .

GacarüBYkxøHeTotsURtfa manvisa ¬manmanHCaBis¦ k¾man . Kb,I

yl;n½yénGacarüTaMgenaHfa eQµaHfa manmanHCaBis eRBaHmanH

EdlCaBismanplCaTukç .

cb;Gdækfa ¬bzm¦ eTvsPefrKafaTI 9

3


Gdðkza samiTtþetærKazaTI 10

[91] bBa©kçn§a briBaØata tidæn þ i qinñmUlka

vikç IeNa CatisMsaera ntßiTani bunBÖevati .

xn§ 5 ´kMNt;dwgehIy xn§ 5 manbJsKl;dac;ehIy

CatisMsarGs;ehIy PBfµIeTot ¬rbs;´¦ minmankñúg

kal\LÚvenH .

Kafarbs;RBHsamiTtþetßr manBaküepþImfa bBa©kçn§eyIgkMNt;

dwgehIy . erOgekIteLIgdUcemþc?


GgÁmun² kñúgkalénRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa GtßTsSI ekItkñ úgpÞH

manRtkUl evladwgkþIehIy kalRBHsasþaesþcbriniBVanehIy )an

eFVIqRtCafñak;² edaypáaeQI eFVIkarbUCaTukRtg;RBHsþÚbrbs;RBHGgÁ .

edaybuBaØkmµenaH eKekItkñúgeTvelak eFVIbuNüt² mk )an

GenÞaleTAmkkñúgeTvta nigmnusSTaMgLay kñúgBuT§úb,aTkalenH ekIt

Cabutþrbs;RBahµN_mñak; kñúgRkúgraCRKwH mannamfa samiTtþ³ .

-263- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 9 samiTtþefrKafaTI 10

eKkaldwgkþItamlMdab; sþab; ¬erOg¦ GanuPaBrbs;RBHBuT§ eTIb

eTAkan;viharCamYy])askTaMgLay eXIjRBHsasþaRTg;kMBugsEmþg

RBHFmµeTsna k¾CaGñkmancitþRCHføa eTIbGgÁúykñúgTImçag .

RBHsasþaRTg;RtÜtemIlGFüaRs½yrbs;eKehIy RTg;sEmþg

Fm’GnuelamtamGFüaRs½y edayviFIEdleKnwg)ansT§a nigesckþI

segVKkñúgsgSar . eKmancitþRCHføa ekItesckþIsegVKehIy eTIb

ecjbYs enAedaysPaBesckþIx¢ilRcGUsmYyry³ eRBaHjaNmin

Tan;cas;køa RtÚvRBHsasþaRTg;sEmþgRBHFmµeTsna[Gach‘aneLIg

eTIberonkmµdæan BüayamxVl;xVaykñúgkmµdæan k¾)anseRmcRBHGr-

htþkñ úgkalminyUr .


kalRBHmanRBHPaK RBHnamfaGtßTsSI Ca

buKÁl]tþmCagnrCn briniBVanehIy eyIg[CageFV I

q½RtCaCan;² bUCaTukRtg;RBHsþÚb .

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 65¦ Ca GFiqtþ iyetßr .


eyIg)anmknmsáar RBHBuT§CaGñknaMénelak

tamkald¾smKYr )aneFV Id MbUlRbk;páaeQIbUCa Tuk

Rtg;q½Rt .

kñúgkb,TI 1>700 eyIg)anesayeTvraC-

sm,tþi mineTAekItCamnusSeLIy enHCaplénkar

bUCaRBHsþÚb¬1¦ .

eyIgdutkielsTaMgLayehIy dkPBeLIg

)anGs;ehIy kat;kielsCaeRKÓgcg dUcdMrIkat;

pþac;nUvTnø IgehIy CaGñkminmanGasv³ .

karEdleyIg)anmkkñúgsmñak;rbs;RBHBuT§Ca

buKÁlRbesIr Cakarmkl¥ehIyhñ+ eyIg)anseRmc

viC¢a 3 ehIyedaylMdab; BaküTUnµanrbs;RBHBuT§

eyIgeFV IeRscehIy .

1¦ esckþItGMBIenH kñúgGbTanfa KuNviessTaMgenH KW bdismÖiTa 4 viemakç 8 nig GPiBaØa 6 eyIg)aneFVI[Cak;c,as;ehIy BaküTUnµanrbs;RBHBuT§ eyIgeFVIeRscehIy .

-265- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 9 samiTtþefrKafaTI 10

kñúgkaltmk RBHefr³RtÚvPikç úTaMgLaysYrfa {GñkmanGayu

elak)anseRmc]tþrimnusSFm’ehIyb¤?} kalRbkasfa RBHsasna

CaFm’naMecjcakTukç nigkarbdibtþiFm’smKYrdl;Fm’rbs;xøÜn dl;Pikçú

TaMgenaH eTIbeBalKafaCakarBüakrN_RBHGrhtþplfa

bBa©kçn§eyIgkMNt;dwgehIy taMgenAeRBaHdac;

bJsKl;ehIy karvilvl;søab;ekItGs;ehIy \LÚv

enH PBfµIminman .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa bBa©kçn§a briBaØata ¬bBa©kçn§eyIg

kMNt;dwg¦ esckþIfa ])aTakçn§TaMg 5 enH EdleyIgkMNt;dwg

ehIy KW dwgehIy Cak;c,as;ehIy )andl; cak;FøúHehIyeday

briBaØa 3 KW dwgfa enHTukç TukçmanRbmaNb:ueNÑH minmanTukçéRk-

ElgCagenH dUecñH .

bTfa tidænþi qinñmUlka ¬taMgenAeRBaHmanbJsKl;dac;ehIy¦

esckþIfa \LÚvenH bBa©kçn§TaMgenaH eQµaHfa manbJsKl;kat;dac;

ehIy taMgenArhUtdl;karrlt;éncitþdYgcugeRkay eRBaHbBa©kçn§TaMg


enaH EdleyIgkMNt;dwgehIyedayGakary:agenaHÉg ¬nig¦ eRBaH

smuTy³EdlCaehtu[ekItTukç eyIglH)anehIy edayRbkarTaMg

BYg . k¾bBa©kçn§Edlrkbdisn§imin)an rEmgrlt;eTACamYykarrlt;

sñiT§éncitþdYgcugeRkay . eRBaHehtuenaH RBHefr³eTIbeBalfa kar

vilsøab;ekItGs;eTAehIy \LÚvenH PBfµIminman dUecñH . Gtßrbs;

KafaenaH éBalTukkñúgkalmunGs;ehIy .

Gdækfa samiTtßefrKafaTI 10


RBHsmitiKutþefr³ 1 RBHksSbefr³ 1 RBHsIhefr³ 1 RBHnItefr³ 1 RBHsunaKefr³ 1 RBHnaKitefr³ 1 RBHbvidæefr³ 1 RBHGC¢únefr³ 1 RBHeTvsPefr³ 1 RBHsamiTtþefr³ 1

dUecñHÉg .

s t r

-267- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 10 bribuNÑkefrKafaTI 1

Gdðkza Ékni:t

vK<TI 10

Gdðkza bribuNÑkezrKazaTI 1

[92] n tfa mtM strsM suFnñM yM myC¢ briPutþ M

Gbrimit TsSina eKatemn BueT§n eTsieta Femµati .

suFaePaCnmanrsTaMgry GatµaGjminsresIrdUc

ePaCn KW niBVansux EdlGatµaGjbriePaKehIykñúg

éf¶enHeT Fm’EdlRBHBuT§eKatm RBHGgÁeXIjeday

bBaØarab;min)an RTg;sMEdgehIy ¬eTIbCaFm’manrs

eRcIn¦ .

RBHbribuNÑketßr .

Kafarbs;RBHbribuNÑketßr manBaküepþ Imfa suFaePaCnman

rsTaMgry . erOgekIteLIgdUcemþc?



GgÁmun² kñúgkalénRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa FmµTsSI ekItkñ úgpÞH

manRtkUl eBldwgkþIehIy kalRBHsasþabriniBVan )aneFVIkarbUCa

y:agmehaLar edayeRKÓgskáar³manpáaeQICaedIm Rtg;RBHectiy

rbs;RBHsasþa .

eRBaHbuBaØkmµenaH eKeTAekItkñ úgBBYkeTBTaMgLay eFV IbuNü

t² mk GenÞaleTAmkEtkñúgsuKtiPBb:ueNÑaH kñúgBuT§ úb,aTkalenH

mkekItkñúgsküRtkUl kñúgRkúgkbilBsþú evladwgkþ IehIy R)akd

namfa bribuNÑk³ eRBaHCaGñkmansm,tþibribUN’ .

eKbriePaKGahar eQµaHfa strs RKb;kal eRBaHCaGñk

bribUN’edaysm,tþi B¤dMNwgfa RBHsasþaesayRBHRkyaharEdl

layKña k¾ekItsegVKkñúgsgSarfa {RBHmanRBHPaKsUm,ICakSRtsu-

xumalCati RTg;R)afñacMeBaHesckþIsuxkñúgRBHniBVan RTg;k¾júaMgGtß-

PaB[RbRBwtþeTA ¬edayRBHRkyahar¦ tammantam)anb:ueNÑaH eRBaH

ehtuGVI BYkeyIgeTIbnaMKñaelµaPkñúgGahar briePaKEtGaharEdlbri-

suT§s¥athñ+ smKYrBYkeyIgnwgEsVgrkesckþIsux KW niBVanenaHÉg}


eTIblHXravasvis½y ehIybYskñúgsmñak;RBHsasþa EdlRBHman

RBHPaKRTg;ENnaMkñ úgkayKtatikmµdæan taMgenAkñúgkayKtastikmµ-

dæanenaH eFVIQanEdl)anehIy[Ca)aT RbkbkmµkñúgvibsSna ceRmIn

vibsSnakmµdæanehIy k¾)anseRmcRBHGrhtþ .

smdUcKafaB½n§EdlelakeBalTukkñúgGbTanfa¬1¦

kalRBHelaknafRBHnamfa FmµTsSI CaGñk

RbesIrCagnrCn esþcbriniBVanehIy eyIg)anelIk

dgTg;eLIgTuk Rtg;RBHectiyrbs;RBHBuT§ CaGñk

RbesIrbMput .

eyIg)an[nayCagsagCeNþIrsRmab;RbCa

Cn ehIyeLIgkan;RBHsþÚbd¾RbesIr kan;ykpáamøiH

eTAeraybUCaTIRBHsþÚb .

RBHBuT§KYrGs©arü RBHFm’KYrGs©arü KYrGs©arü

karEdlmkCYbRBHsasþa eyIgminEdlsÁal;TuKÁti

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 66¦ Ca RBHfmÖaerabketßr .


eLIy enHCaplénkarbUCaRBHsþÚb .


esþccRkBtþi 16 dg RTg;RBHnamfa fUbsix³ man

BlanuPaBeRcIn .



RBHefr³luHseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy kalbnøW]TanedaykmøaMg

énbIti eRBaHmanesckIþeKarB nigrab;GaneRcInkñ úgRBHFm’ )aneBal

Kafafa

suFaePaCnmanrsTaMgry EdleyIgbriePaK

ehIy k¾mineRtkGrdUcGmtFm’ EdleyIgbriePaK

ehIykñúgéf¶enH RBHFm’EdlRBHBuT§eKatm RBHGgÁ

RTg;eXIjFm’EdlrkRbmaNmin)an RTg;sMEdgTuk

ehIy .

kñúgbTfa n tfa mtM strsM suFnñM yM myC¢ briPutþ M


¬suFaePaCnmanrsTaMgryEdleyIgbriePaKehIy k¾minKYreRtkGr

dUcGmtFm’EdleyIgbriePaKehIyenAkñúgéf¶enH¦ enaH bTfa tfa

¬dUc¦ )andl; edayRbkarenaH . bTfa mtM ¬KYreRtkGr¦ )andl;

KYrR)afña .

bTfa strsM ¬manrsTaMgry¦ )andl; ePaCnmanrs 100

GacarüBYkxøHeBalfa ePaCnEdleKpSMedayTwkedaHføacm¥in 100 dg

CaedIm eQµaHfa strsePaCn ¬ePaCnEdlmanrs 100¦ . mü:ag

eTot st sBÞ manGtßCaGenk dUckñúgRbeyaKCaedImfa stesa

shsSesa ¬CaryCaBan;¦ . eRBaHehtuenaH ePaCnNaman)ay

eRcIny:ag mansmøeRcIny:ag ePaCnenaH elakehAfa strs eRBaH

manrsminEmntic . GFib,ayfa )andl; ePaCnEdlmanrsepSg²

Kña . )ayEdls¥atenaHÉg ehAfa suFnñM ¬suFaePaCn¦ CaGahar

rbs;eTvtaTaMgLay .

bTfa yM myC¢ briPutþ M ¬EdleyIgbriePaKehIy>>> kñ úgéf¶

enH¦ k¾KW yM mya GC¢ GnuPutþ M . k¾bTfa yM mya briPutþ M enH


Kb,IRbkbcUlCamYybTfa strsM suFnñ M enHpg . elakeBal

BaküGFib,aydUecñHfa

k¾niBVansuxNaEdls¶b;RbNItedaycMENkmYy EdleyIg

esayenAkñúgéf¶enH KW kñ úgkal\LÚvenH edayGMNacénkarcUl

nieraFsmabtþi¬1¦ niBVanenaHsuxenaH EdleyIgeRtkGrehIy R)afña

ehIy sresIrehIy edayRbkarNa ePaCnmanrsTaMgry Edl

eyIgbriePaKehIykñúgevlaRKgraCkþI nigsuFaePaCnEdleyIgbriePaK

ehIykñúgGtþPaBCaeTvtakþI minKYreRtkGr minKYrR)afña edayRbkar

enaH . eRBaHehtuGV I? eRBaHniBVansuxenH EdlRBHGriy³TaMgLay

esBehIy minCaTItaMgénkielsTaMgLay EtePaCnmanrsTaMgry

enaH EdlbufuC¢nesBehIy RbRBwtþeTAedayGamis ¬nig¦ CaTItaMg

énkielsTaMgLay ePaCnEdlmanrsTaMgry eTIbminKYrdl;karrab;

KW mindl;ceRmók )andl; mincUldl;cMENkénceRmókénniBVansux

enaH .

\LÚvenH RBHefr³kalnwgsEmþgFm’ ¬GmtFm’¦ Edlelak

1¦ Rtg;enHKYrCa plsmabtþ i {GñkERb} .


eBalfa EdleyIgbriePaKehIy>>> kñúgéf¶enH dUecñHCaedIm eTIbeBal

fa RBHFm’EdlRBHeKatm RTg;eXIjFm’EdlrkRbmaNmin)an RTg;

sEmþgTukehIy .

Gtßrbs;KafaenaH manBaküGFib,aydUecñH RBHmanRBHPaK

RTg;eXIjRBHniBVan EdlrkRbmaNmin)an EdlkMNt;min)an Edl

eQµaHfa s¶b;ehIy eRBaHminmankarekIteLIg nigkarvinaseTA Edl

CaGsgçtFatu edayRBHsymÖÚjaN KW RTg;)aneXIjnUvejyüFm’

EdlrkRbmaNmin)an KW manRbmaNrkTIbMputmin)an eRBaH

ehtuenaH Fm’EdlRBHsmµaRBHsm<úT§RTg;CaeKatm EdlmanRbRktI

eXIjFm’EdlrkRbmaNmin)anRBHGgÁenaH RTg;sEmþgehIyedayl¥

edayn½yCaedImfa {Fm’CaTIGs;eTA CaTIR)ascakkiels minsøab;

RbNIt} dUecñHxøH fa {eFVI[RsalesþIg kMcat;esckþIRkvl;Rkvay}

dUecñHxøH fa {CaTIcUleTAs¶b;nUvsgçarFm’TaMgBYg} dUecñHxøH RBHniBVan

¬enaH¦ EdleyIgesayehIykñúgéf¶enH .

cb;Gdækfa bribuNÑkefrKfaTI 1

3


Gdðkza viCyezrKazaTI 2

[93] ysSasva brikç INa Gaher c GnisSieta

suBaØeta Gnimietþa c viemaekça ysS eKacera

Gakaesv skunþanM bTnþsS TurnVynþi .

PikçúNa manGasv³Gs;ehIy minRCb;kñúgGahar Pikçú

NamansuBaØtviemakç Gnimitþviemakç ¬Gb,Nihitviemakç¦

CaGarmµN_ sñameCIgrbs;buKÁlenaH ² buKÁltamrk

eXIj)anedayRk dUcsñameCIgénstVsøabkñúgGakas .

Kafarbs;RBHviCyetßr manBaküepþImfa buKÁlNamanGasv³

Gs;ehIy . erOgCaekIteLIgdUcemþc?


mun² kñúgkalénRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa biyTsSI ekItkñúgRtkUl

Edlsm,Úredaysm,tþi evladwgehIy kalRBHsasþabriniBVanehIy

[CageFVIevTika ¬exOntmál;eRKÓgskáar³¦ EdlviciRtedayrtn³ sRmab;

RBHsþÚbrbs;RBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa biyTsSI ehIy[eFVIkarqøg

-275- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 10 v iCyefrKafaTI 2

evTikad¾]Lar Rtg;RBHsþÚbenaH .

edaybuBaØkmµenaH eKRtac;rgÁat;eTAedayBnøWénEkvmNI kñ úg

eRcInryGtþPaB . kaleKGenÞaleTAkñúgeTvta nigmnusSTaMgLay

y:agenH kñ úgBuT§ úb,aTkalenH mkekItkñúgRtkUlRBahµN_ kñ úgRkúg

savtß I mannamfa viCy³ . viCyRBahµN_ceRmInv½yehIy sikSa

cb;kñúgviC¢arbs;RBahµN_TaMgLay )anbYsCatabsenAkñúgdgéRB Ca

Gñk)anQan RCabdMNwgkar]b,tþieLIgrbs;RBHBuT§ehIy ekItesckþI

RCHføa eTIbcUleTAKal;RBHsasþa GgÁúykñúgTIsmKYrmYy . RBHsasþa

RTg;sEmþgFm’dl;eK eKsþab;Fm’ehIybYs epþ ImtaMgvibsSna k¾)an

seRmcRBHGrhtþ kñ úgevlaminyUr .


kalRBHelaknafRBHnamfa biyTsSI Gñk

x<s;CagnrCn esþcbriniBVanehIy eyIgmancitþRCH

føa mancitþesamnsS )ansagexOnbUCaEkvmutþa¬2¦ .

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 67¦ Ca RBHevTikarketßr . 2¦ ERbBIBaküfa mutþaevTimkashM )alIGbTansüamrdæ Ca BuT§evTimkashM = sagexOnbUCaRBHBuT§ .


EhhmedayEkvmNI ehIy)aneFVIkarqøgy:ag

mehaLar luHeFVIkarqøgexOnbUCaehIy eyIg)aneFV I

kalkiriyaenAkñúgTIenaH .

eyIgcUldl;kMeNItNa² KW CaeTvta b¤mnusS

k¾eday kñúgkMeNItenaH² eTvtaTaMgLayrEmgelIk

EkvmNITukkñ úgGakas enHCaplénbuBaØkmµ .


esþccRkBtþi 36 dg manRBHnamdUcKñafa mNib-

Pa manBlanuPaBeRcIn .



RBHefr³RKaseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy kalnwgBüakrN_RBHGr-

htþpl )aneBalKafafa

Pikç úNa manGasv³Gs;ehIy minRCb;kñ úg

Gahar mansuBaØtviemakç GnimitþviemakçCaeKacr sñam

-277- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 10 v iCyefrKafaTI 2

eCIgrbs;buKÁlenaH dwg)anlM)ak dUcsñameCIgén

stVsøabkñ úgGakasdUecñaH .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa ysSasva brikç INa ¬buKÁlNa

manGasv³Gs;ehIy¦ esckþIfa Gasv³ 4 mankamasv³CaedIm

rbs;buKÁld¾]tþmNa Gs;ehIyedayRbkarTaMgBYg KW [Gs;eTA

ehIyedayGriymKÁ .

bTfa Gahaer c GnisSieta ¬minCab;kñúgGahar¦ esckþIfa

buKÁlNaminmanCab; KW minluHkñ úgGMNacénesckþIR)afña )andl;

mindl;nUvkarelµaPkñ úgGahar edayFm’CaeRKÓgCab; KW tNða nig

Tidæi . bTenHRtwmEtCakar]bma Kb,IRCabfa kñúgKafaenH elakkan;

ykbc©½yTaMg 4 Tuk edaysBÞEdlCaRbFan KW Gahar sBÞ .

mü:ageTot Kb,IRCabfa kñúgKafaenH Gahar sBÞ k¾KW bc©½yeday

Gm .

kñúgbTfa suBaØeta Gnimietþa c ¬mansuBaØtviemakç nigGni-

mitþv iemakçCaeKacr¦ enH elaksMedAykGb,Nihitviemakçpg . k¾


viemakçTaMg 3 enH CaeQµaHrbs;RBHniBVanTaMgenaH GFib,ayfa RBH

niBVan eQµaHfa sUnü eRBaHminmankielsmanraK³CaedIm . elak

ehAfa suBaØtviemakç eRBaHsUnü nigputcakkielsmanraK³CaedIm

TaMgenaH . mü:ageTot RBHniBVan eQµaHfa Gnimitþv iemakç eRBaH

minmannimitþ eRBaHkarminmannimitþmanraK³CaedIm nigeRBaHkarmin

mansgçarnimitþpg nigCavimutþipg . eQµaHfa Gb,Nihitviemakç eRBaH

taMgenAmin)an eRBaHminmanTItaMgénkielsmanraK³CaedImpg nig

Cavimutþ ipg . viemakç 3 y:agenH CaeKacrrbs;Pikç úNa EdleFVI

RBHniBVanenaH[CaGarmµN_ ehIyenAedayGMNacénplsmabtþi .

bTfa Gakaesv skuNanM bTM tsS TurnVyM ¬sñameCIg

rbs;buKÁlenaHdwg)anlM)ak dUcCasñameCIgrbs;hVÚgstVsøabkñ úg

GakasdUecñaH¦ esckþIfa sñameCIgrbs;stVsøabTaMgLayEdlehIr

eTAkñúgGakas buKÁlminGacdwg)anfa stVsøabTaMgLayeRbIeCIgCan;

kñ úgTIenHehIyehIreTA ykeBaHb:HRtg;TIenHehIyehIreTA ykk,al

b:HRtg;TIenHehIyehIreTA yksøabb:HRtg;TIenHehIyehIreTA y:ag

-279- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 10 viCyefrKafaTI 2

Na ÉPikçúEbbenH k¾y:agenaH buKÁlminGacdwg)anfa eTAehIykñúg

pø ÚvTaMgLay manpøÚvnrkCaedIm edaypøÚveQµaHenH dUecñHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa viCyefrKafaTI 2

3


Gdðkza ÉrkezrKazaTI 3

[94] Tukça kama Érk n suxa kama Érk eya kaem kamyti TukçM esa kamyti Érk

eya kaem n kamyti TukçM esa n kamyti Érkati .

mñalÉrk³ kamTaMgLay CaTukç mñalÉrk³ kamTaMg

Lay minEmnCasuxeT mñalÉrk³ buKÁlNa R)afña

rkkam buKÁlenaH eQµaHfa R)afñaTukç mñalÉrk³

buKÁlNa minR)afñarkkam buKÁlenaH eQµaHfa min

R)afñaTukçeT .

RBHÉrketßr .

Kafarbs;RBHÉrketßr manBaküepþImfa mñalÉrk³ kamCaTukç .



mun² snSMbuNüTukkñ úgPBenaH² CaeRcIn kñúgkalénRBHmanRBHPaK

RBHnamfa siT§tß³ ekItkñ úgpÞHmanRtkUl evladwgkþIehIy éf¶mYy

-281- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 10 ÉrkefrKafaTI 3

eXIjRBHsasþa mancitþRCHføa kalrkGVI² EdlKYrfVayRBHsasþa

min)an eTIbKitfa {eNðIycuH eyIgnwgeRbIkmøaMgkayeFVIbuNü} eTIb

qáarpøÚvsRmab;RBHsasþaesþcyag eFV I[rabesµI . RBHsasþaesþc

RTg;yageTAtampøÚvEdleKeFVITukehIyenaHÉg . eKeXIjRBHmanRBH

PaKesþcyageTAtampøÚvenaH k¾mancitþRCHføa QrpÁgGBa¢lI man

RBHBuT§CaGarmµN_ manbIti rhUtdl;RBHmanRBHPaKesþcyageTA

dac;knÞ úyEPñk .

edaybuBaØkmµenaH eKekItkñúgeTvelak eFVIbuNüt² mk Rtac;

rgÁat;eTAmkEtkñúgsuKtib: ueNÑaH kñ úgBuT§ úb,aTkalenH mkekItCabutþ

rbs;kudum< ik³ kñ úgRkúgsavtß I mannamfa Érk³ CaGñkmanrUbs¥at

KYremIl KYrRCHføa manPaBQøasévy:agéRkElgkñúgkic©kartUcFM .

matabitarbs;eK naMRsIRkmuMEdlesµIKñanwgedayRtkUl rUbrag maryaT

v½y nigPaBQøasév mkeFVIkarvivah³[ eKenARKb;RKgpÞHCamYynag

ehIyekItenAesckþIsegVKkñúgsMsar³ edayGarmµN_EdlKYrsegVK

kñúgRbkarxøH eRBaHCaPBcugeRkay eTIbeTAKal;RBHsasþa sþab;Fm’


ehIy mancitþRCHføa eTIbecjbYs . RBHsasþaRTg;)anRbTankmµ-

dæandl;elak . elakeronkmµdæanehIy RtÚvesckþIGpSúkRKbsgát;

2-3 éf¶ lMdab;enaH RBHsasþaRTg;RCabkarRbRBwtþeTAéncitþrbs;

elak )anRtas;RBHKafaCaRBH»vaTfa mñal;Érk³ kamCaTukç CaedIm .

elaksþab;KafaenaHehIy ekItenAesckþItk;søútfa {karEdleyIg

eronkmµdæan kñ úgsmñak;rbs;RBHsasþaEbbenH ehIylHbg;ecal

kmµdæanenaH CaGñkenAeRcInedaymicäavitká³enaH eQµaHfa eFVIkmµEdl

minsmKYreLIy} eTIbceRmInvibsSna k¾)anseRmcRBHGrhtþkñ úg

evlaminyUr .


RBHsmµasm<úT§ RTg;manRBHckçú esþceLIgcak

sÞwgehIy esþcyageTAkan;éRB eyIg)aneXIjRBH

smµasm<úT § RBHnamfa siT§tß³ manRBHlkçN³d¾

RbesIrRBHGgÁenaH .

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 71¦ Ca RBHmKÁTayketßr .


eTIb)ankan;ykcb nigbgÁImkBRgabpøÚv[rab

esµI eyIg)anfVaybgÁMRBHsasþaehIy júaMgcitþrbs;

xø Ün[RCHføa .


NakñúgRKaenaH eRBaHkmµenaH eyIgminEdlsÁal;

TuKÁtieLIy enHCaplénkareFV Ip ø Úv .


esþccRkBtþi CaFMCagRbCamYyGgÁ RTg;RBHnamfa

sub,BuT§³ CaGñknaM CaFMCagnrCn .



RBHefr³luH)anCaRBHGrhnþehIy kalnwgBüakrN_RBHGrhtþ-

pl )aneBalKafa EdlRBHmanRBHPaKRTg;Rtas;ehIyenaHÉgfa

Érk³ kamCaTukç Érk³ kamminCasuxeLIy

buKÁlNaR)afñakam buKÁlenaHeQµaHfa R)afñaTukç


buKÁlNaminR)afñakam buKÁlenaHeQµaHfa min

R)afñaTukç .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa Tukça kama ¬kamCaTukç¦ esckþIfa

vtßúkam nigkielsTaMgenH eQµaHfa CaTukç eRBaHCaTItaMgénTukç nig

eRBaHmanvibriNamTukç nigsgSarTukçCasPav³ KW júaMgTukç[ekIteLIg

edayBit . smdUcRBHtRmas;RBHmanRBHPaKRTg;Rtas;fa {kamman

esckþIeRtkGrtic manTukçeRcIn manesckþIceg¥ótcg¥l;eRcIn kñúgkam

enH maneTasy:agéRkElg} CaedIm .

RBHmanRBHPaKRtas;ehARBHefr³enaHfa Érk³ GMBImun mkxag

eRkay RBHefr³eTIbehAxø ÜnÉgtameQµaHenaH .

bTfa n suxa kama ¬kamminCasuxeLIy¦ esckþIfa Edl

eQµaHfa kamenH minmanesckþIsuxeLIy sRmab;buKÁlGñkR)aCJ

EtsRmab;buKÁlmindwg rEmgR)akdfaCasux . smdUcEdlelak

eBalTukfa {buKÁlNaeXIjesckþIsux edaysPaBCaTukç buKÁl

enaHeQµaHfa mineXIjesckþIT ukç EdldUcCakUnsr} CaedIm .


bTfa eya kaem kamyti ¬buKÁlNaR)afñakam buKÁlenaH

eQµaHfaR)afñaTukç¦ esckþIfa stVNaR)afñakielskam nigvtß úkam

esckþIR)afñaenaHrbs;stVenaH rEmgRbRBwtþeTAedIm,IesckþIekþARkhay

kñúgbc©úb,nñ TaMgeQµaHfa CaTukçkñ úgevlateTA eRBaHCaehtuénTukçkñ úg

G)ay nigehtuénTukçkñ úgvdþ³ . k¾vtß úkam eQµaHfa CaTItaMgénTukç

edayRbkardUecñH . stVenaH elakeTIbeBalfa R)afñavtßúkamEdl

manTukçCasPaB manTukçCanimitþ nigCaTItaMgénesckþITukç . TukçeRkA

GMBIenH elakeBalTukedIm,I[dwgxøwmsarenaHÉg edaypÞúyKña eRBaH

dUecñaH Gtßrbs;TukçenaH Kb,IRCabedaybriyaydUcEdléBalTuk

ehIy .

cb;Gdækfa ÉrkefrKafaTI 3

3


Gdðkza emtþCiezrKazaTI 4

[85] nema hi tsS PKveta skübutþsS sirImeta

etnayM GKÁbetþn GKÁFemµa sueTsietati .

sUmnmsáar RBHmanRBHPaKGgÁenaH RBHGgÁCaskübutþ

mansirI RBHFm’d¾RbesIrenH RBHBuT§dl;nUvFm’d¾RbesIr

enaH RTg;sMEdgTukl¥ehIy .

RBHemtþCietßr .

Kafarbs;RBHemtþCietßr epþImfa sUmnmsáarRBHmanRBHPaK .


)anB¤fa elakekItkñúgpÞHmanRtkUl kñúgkalénRBHmanRBHPaK

RBHnamfa GenamTsSI luHdl;dwgkþ IehIy CaGñkmanesckþIRCHføa

éRkElgkñúgRBHsasþa )anksagexOnbUCaedImeQIRtas;dwgeday\dæ

ehIybUklabeday)ay-G . RBHsasþaRTg;GnuemaTnadl;eK .

edaybuBaØkmµenaH eKeTAekItkñ úgeTvelak eFV IbuNüt² mk

eKRtac;rgÁat;eTAkñ úgeTvta nigmnusSTaMgLay kñúgBuT§ úb,aTkalenH

-287- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 10 emtþCiefrKafaTI 4

mkekItCabutþrbs;RBahµN_mñak; kñúgEdnmKF³ mannamfa emtþCi .

emtþCitRBahµN_ceRmInv½yehIy eXIjeTaskñúgkamTaMgLay

k¾bYsCatabsenAkñúgéRB )anB¤dMNwgfa RBHBuT§RTg;]b,tþieLIgehIy

kñúgelak EdlbuBVehtudas;etOnehIy eTIbeTAKal;RBHsasþa TUl

sYrbBaðaTak;TgCamYybvtþi nignivtþ i esckþITukç nigesckþIrlt;Tukç

kalRBHsasþaRTg;visC¢nabBaðaehIy mancitþRCHføa bYsehIy epþIm

taMgvibsSna k¾)anseRmcRBHGrhtþ .


eyIgeFVIexOnbUCaTIeBaFiRBwkSénRBHmunI RBHnam

fa GenamTsSI eyIgdak;duM)ay-GehIy eRbIédvac

[esµI .

RBHsasþaRTg;RBHnamfa GenamTsSI buKÁl

d¾]tþmCagnrCn TtRBHenRteXIjkuslkmµEdl´

eFV IehIyenaH RTg;Rbfab;enAkNþalPikç úsgÇ )an

Rtas;RBHKafaenHfa

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 70¦ Ca RBHGnuelamTayketßr .


edaykmµ KW karbUklab)ay-G nigeday

ectnaEdltmál;maM buKÁlenHnwg)anesaysm,tþi

ehIy nwgeFV IT IbMputTukç)an .

eyIg)anCaGñkmansm,úrmuxpUrpg; manGa-

rmµN_EtmYy mancitþtaMgmaM taMgkayenHEdlman

kñúgPBcugeRkayenAkñ úgsasnaénRBHsmµasm<úT § .

kñúgkb,TI 100 minelIsminxVH¬1¦ GMBIPTÞkb,

enH eyIg)anCaesþccRkBtþi RTg;RBHnamfa sBVXn³

manBlanuPaBeRcIn .



RBHefr³luHseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy kalnwgsresIrRBHsasþa

)aneBalKafafa

1¦ ERbBIBakü bribueNÑ GnUnek EtRtg;enH )alIGbTanCa bribueNÑa GnUneka EdlKYrnaM eTAGFib,ayBaküfa ckávtþi fa {esþccRkBtþi RTg;RBHnamfa sm,sSn³ GñkbribUr min xVH>>>} ¬RBHnamesþccRkBtþimindUcKña¦ .

-289- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 10 emtþCiefrKafaTI 4

sUmnmsáarRBHmanRBHPaKGgÁenaH RBHGgÁCa

skübutþ RTg;manRBHsirIRBHGgÁenaH RBHGgÁGñkdl;

ehIynUvFm’d¾]tþm RTg;)ansEmþgFm’d¾]tþmenHTukl¥

ehIy .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa nema ¬sUmnmsáar¦ )andl; eFVIkar

nmsáar . bTfa hi RtwmEtCani)at . bTfa tsS ¬RBHGgÁenaH¦

esckþIfa RBHmanRBHPaKGgÁenaHNa RTg;bMeBj)armImkRKb; 30

Ts RTg;kac;bM)ak;kielsTaMgBYg Rtas;dwgGnutþrsmµasem<aFiBaØaN

RBHnamfa Caskübutþ eRBaHCabutþrbs;esþcskü³ RTg;ceRmInehIy

edaybuBaØsm,tþ i EdlminTUeTAdl;stVdéT nigRBHnamfa RTg;RBH

mansirI eRBaHRbkbeTAedaysirI KW rUbkay nigsirI KW Fmµkay

d¾RbesIrbMput sUmkarnmsáar cUrmancMeBaHRBHmanRBHPaK RTg;Ca

skübutþ RTg;manRBHsirIRBHGgÁenaH esckþIfa ´sUmnmsáarRBHman

RBHPaKRBHGgÁenaH .

bTfa etn )andl; etn PKvta ERbfa EdlRBHmanRBHPaK


RBHGgÁenaH . RBHefr³eBalfa GyM ¬enH¦ eRBaHFm’enaHRbckSdl;

xøÜn . bTfa GKÁb,etþn ¬RTg;dl;ehIyenAFm’d¾kMBUl¦ )andl;

d¾]tþm KW Rtas;dwgsBVFm’ . mü:ageTot )andl; Gñkdl;nUvPaB

CabuKÁld¾kMBUl KW PaBCaGñkd¾RbesIr edayRBHKuNTaMgBYg .

bTfa GKÁFemµa ¬Fm’d¾kMBUl¦ )andl; elakutþrFm’ 9 d¾

kMBUl KW x<g;x<s; EdlRBHmanRBHPaKRTg;sEmþgehIy KW RTg;)an

RbkasehIyedayl¥ KW minxusPøat; dUecñHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa emtþCiefrKafaTI 4

3

-291- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 10 ckç ú)lefrKafaTI 5

Gdðkza ck¡ú:lezrKazaTI 5

[96] Gen§a hM htenetþasµi knþarT§an bkçenþa

symaenabi KmisSM n shaeyn )aebnati .

ĆamnusSxVak; manEPñkEdleTaskm©at;bg;ehIy eTA

kan;pøÚvq¶aydac;Rsyal eTaHbIkaledk k¾´mineTACa

mYynwgsMLaj; Ca)abmitþeT .

RBHckçú)aletßr .

Kafarbs;RBHckçú)aletßr epþImfa sUm,IeyIgCamnusSxVak; .

erOgekIteLIgy:agNa?

sUm,IRBHefr³enaH k¾CaGñkmanGFikar)aneFVITukehIykñúgRBH

BuT§GgÁmun² eFVIbuNüTukkñúgPBenaH² kñúgkalRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnam

fa siT§tß³ ekItkñúgpÞHmanRtkUl evladwgkþIehIy kalRBHmanRBH

PaKbriniBVanehIy kalmhaCnkMBugeFVIkarqøgRBHsþÚb )ankan;yk

páaeQIeTAbUCaRBHsþÚb .



GenÞaleTAmkkñúgeTvta nigmnusSTaMgLay kñúgBuT§ úb,aTkalenH

ekItCabutþrbs;kudum<ik³eQµaHfa mhasuvNÑ³ kñúgRkúgsavtßI mannam

fa )al³ .

kñúgevlaEdleKrt;elgeTAmk)an matak¾RbsUtbutþmñak;eTot .

matabitataMgeQµaHbutþfµIfa cUL)al³ ehAbutþc,gfa mha)al³ .

luHbutþTaMg 2 ceRmInv½yehIy matabitak¾cgTukedayeRKÓgcg KW

pÞH kñúgsm½yenaH RBHsasþaRbfab;enAkñúgvtþeCtBn naRkúgsavtßI .

kñúgbgb¥Ún 2 nak;enaH mha)alkudum<ik³butþc,geTAkan;viharCamYy

])askEdleTAkan;RBHeCtBnmhavihar sþab;Fm’kñúgsmñak;RBHsasþa

ehIy ekItesckþIRCHføa RbKl;RTBüsm,tþi[CaPar³dl;b¥ÚnRbús xøÜn

Égk¾bBVC¢a )an]bsm,TaehIy enAkñúgsmñak;rbs;Gacarü nigRBH

]bCÄay_Gs;evla 5 vsSa luHecjvsSabvarNaehIy eronkmµdæan

kñúgsmñak;RBHsasþa )anPikçúCasMLaj;RbmaN 60 rUb RBmCamYy

Pikç úTaMgenaH EsVgrkTIenAEdlsmKYrdl;karceRmInPavna GaRs½y

RsúkCayEdnmYykEnøg enAkñúgbNÑsalaEdl])askGñkRsúksag

-293- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 10 ckçú)lefrKafaTI 5

fVaykñúgdgéRB bMeBjsmNFm’ .

eraKEPñk)anekIteLIgdl;elak eBTük¾)ancat;EcgfñaMRbeKn

elakminbdibtþitamviFIEdleTBüR)ab; eRBaHehtuenaH eraKrbs;elak

eTIbkRmIk elakKitfa {sRmab;eyIgkarcUlrm¶ab;eraK KW kiels

b:ueNÑaH RbesIrCagkarBüa)aleraKEPñk} eTIbmindak;citþ ¬kardak;fñaM

rkSa¦ eraKEPñk )anCaGñkBüayamRbkbxVl;xVaykñúgvibsSnaEtmü:ag .

kalelakxVl;xVayceRmInPavna EPñkTaMgsgxagk¾xVak; kielsTaMg

Layk¾rlt;RBmKña elak)anseRmcCaRBHGrhnþsukçvibsSk³ .

smdUcKafaB½n§elakeBalTukkñ úgGbTanfa¬1¦

kalRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa siT§tß³ RTg;Ca

elaknaf RTg;smKYrTTYleRKÓgbUCa esþcbriniBVan

ehIy )anmankarqøgRBHmhasþÚb .

kalqøgRBHsþÚb énRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa

siT§tß³ EdlRTg;EsVgrkKuNd¾FMéRkElg kMBugesþc

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 69¦ Ca RBH]mµabubö iyetßr .


yageTA eyIgnaMykpáaeTAedatbUCaRtg;TIRBHsþÚb .


sþÚbedaypáaeQINa eRBaHkarbUCaenaH eyIgmin

EdlsÁal;TuKÁtieLIy enHCaplénkarbUCaRBHsþÚb

edaypáaeQI .


cRkBtþi 85 dg RTg;manRBHnamdUcKñafa esameTv³

manBlanuPaBeRcIn .



RKaenaH kalRBHefr³sñak;enAkñúgvihareRBaHeraKEPñk BYk])a-

sk ])asikaeXIjPikçúTaMgLaycUleTAkan;RsúkedIm,IbiNÐ)at eTIb

sYrfa {eRBaHehtuGVI RBHefr³eTIbminmk?} RCabesckþIenaHehIy Ca

GñkmanesckþIesakesARKbsgát; )annaMbiNÐ)ateTAfVay niyay

¬lYgelam¦ fa {bBiRtelakm©as; sUmelakm©as;kuMKitGVIeLIy \LÚv


enH BYkńaMbiNÐ)atmkfVayehIy eTIbRbNib½tn_elakedayxøÜnÉg}

ehIy)aneFVItamenaH PikçúTaMgLaytaMgenAkñúg»vaTrbs;RBHefr³ehIy

k¾seRmcRBHGrhtþkñúgevlaminyUr RKaecjvsSabvarNaehIy )an

eBalcMeBaHRBHefr³fa {elakd¾ceRmIn BYkńwgeTARkúgsavtßI edIm,I

fVaybgÁMRBHsasþa} RBHefr³eBalfa {ĆabuKÁlTuBVlPaB emIlmin

eXIj TaMgpøÚvk¾manGnþray elakTaMgLaycUreTAmuncuH kaleTAdl;

ehIy cUrfVaybgÁMRBHsasþa ehIysMBHRBHmhaefr³TaMgLayCMnYs

´pg cUrR)ab;erOgra:vrbs;´dl;cUL)alkudum<ik³ ¬EdlCab¥ÚnRbús¦

ehIybBa¢ÚnmnusSmkmñak;} PikçúTaMgenaHGgVrehIyGgVreTot kalRBH

efr³minRBmeTACamYy eTIbTTYlBakürbs;RBHefr³fa {saFu} ehIy

erobcMTukdak;esnasn³ la])askeTAkan;eCtBnmhavihar eday

lMdab; fVaybgÁMRBHsasþa nigfVaybgÁMRBHmhaefr³TaMgLayCMnYs

RBHefr³ kñ úgéf¶TI 2 )anRtac;biNÐ)atkñ úgRkúgsavtß I R)ab;dMNwgenaH

dl;cUL)alkudum< ik³ kaleKeBalfa {elakm©as; kµ ÜyRbúsrbs;

énHeQµaHfa )alit³ ńwgbBa¢ÚnkµÜyRbúseTA} eTIbeBalfa {pøÚvman


Gnþray RKhsßEtmñak;minGaceTA)an eRBaHdUecñaH KYr[eKbBVC¢aCa

munsin} ehIyeTIb[nay)alit³bYs ehIybBa¢ ÚneTA .

)alitsameNr edIrpøÚveTAkan;smñak;rbs;RBHefr³edaylMdab;

ENnaMxø Ündl;RBHefr³ ehIynaMRBHefr³edIrpøÚvmk kñúgrvagpøÚv)ansþab;

sMeLgeRcógEdlRsIrk]smñak;eRcóg Rtg;dgéRBCitRsúkmYykEnøg

CaGñkmancitþRbtiB½T§ eTIbdak;eQIRct; eBalfa {elakm©as; sUm

elakcUrQrrg;caMbnþic TRmaMńwgmk} ehIytRmg;eTArknag )andl;

sIlvibtþikñúgTIenaH . RBHefr³Kitfa {rMeBcenaH eyIg)anB¤sMeLg

RsIeRcóg nigsameNrk¾eTAyUrehIy sameNrnwgdl;nUvsIlvibtþi

edayBit} .

cMENksameNrRtLb;mkdl; eBalfa {elakm©as; eyIg

eTACamYyKñacuH} RBHefr³sYrfa {GñkkøayCabuKÁlGaRkk;ehIyb¤?}

sameNrk¾enAes¶óm sUm,IRBHefr³sYrdEdl² k¾mineqøIy . RBHefr³

eTIbeBalfa {buKÁllamkdUcGñk mincaM)ac;mkkan;eQIRct;[eyIg

eLIy cUreTAcuH} kalsameNreBalfa {pø ÚvmanGnþrayeRcIn TaMg


elakk¾xVak;EPñk elaknwgedIreTAy:agNa)an} kalnwgsEmþgesckþI

enHfa {buKÁlBaleGIy sUm,IeyIgedksøab;enAkñúgTIenHkþI edknenol

eTAmkkþI EdleQµaHfa karedIrpøÚveTACamYybuKÁldUcCaGñkminman}

eTIb)aneBalKafafa

sUm,IeyIgCamnusSxVak; manEPñkBikar edIr

pø Úvq¶ay eyIgk¾n wgedkenAkñ úgTIenH nwgminrYmpø ÚvCa

mYysMLaj;Ca)abmitþeT .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa Gen§a ¬mnusSxVak;¦ )andl; CaGñk

manEPñkBikar . bTfa htenetþa ¬manEPñkBikar¦ )andl; CaGñk

manckçúvinasehIy . edaybTfa htenetþa enaH CakarR)ab;Gtß

dl;karxVak; EdleBalTukfa {eyIgCamnusSxVak; eRBaHEPñkBikar

edaybeyaKvibtþ i ¬vinaseRBaHRtÚveFV I¦ minEmnxVak;GMBIkMeNIt .

mü:ageTot edIm,InwgsEmþgfa bTfa Gen§a enH CakarsEmþgPaB

viklvikarrbs;EPñksac; dUckñ úgRbeyaKCaedImfa {ciBa© wmmatabita

EdlCra CaGñkxVak;EPñk} minEmnsEmþgdl;PaBviklvikarrbs;bBaØa-


ckçú dUckñ úgRbeyaKfa {briBVaCnTaMgLayTaMgBYgenH CabuKÁlxVak;

CaGñkminmanckçú ¬eXIjFm’¦} CaedIm nigdUckñúgRbeyaKfa {CamnusS

xVak; mnusSmanEPñkmçag mnusSmanEPñkTaMg 2 xag} CaedIm RBHefr³

eTIbeBalBaküfa htenetþasµi Tuk edaysEmþgdl;PaBCabuKÁl

xVak;Bit edaybTfa htentþasµi enaH .

bTfa knþarT§anbkçenþa ¬edIrpøÚvq¶aypøÚvknþar¦ esckþIfa edIr

eTAkan;pø Úvq¶aykñúgéRBFMEdlCapøÚvknþar GFib,ayfa minEmnedIreTA

kan;pø Úvq¶ay KW sgSar³ EdlRtac;eTAkan;knþarmanCatiknþarCaedIm

eRBaHfa RBHefr³enH Qanknøgpø ÚvknþardUecñaH)anehIy taMgenA .

bTfa symaenabi ¬eyIgnwgedk¦ esckþIfa sUm,Iedk KW

kaleCIgTaMgBIrxagminnaMeTA sUm,InwgedkelIEpndI ´k¾nwglUneTA

edayRTÚg nigedayCgÁg;TaMg 2 .

bTfa n shaeyn )abekn ¬nwgminrYmpøÚvCamYymitþGaRkk;¦

esckþIfa nwgmineTACamYymnusSGaRkk; EdlCasMLaj;dUcGñk .

)alitsameNrsþab;dUecñaHehIy ekItesckþItk;søút Kitfa


{eyIgeFV IkmµEdlmaneTaseRcInCaGenkhñ+} eTIbpÁgédTaMg 2 xag

yMxSwkxSÚl rt;cUléRBRkas;eTA .

RKaenaH bNÐúkm<lsilasn³ ¬rbs;skáeTvraC¦ sEmþgGakar

ekþARkhayedayetC³énsIlrbs;RBHefr³ skáeTvraCRTg;RCabehtu

enaHedayetC³énsIlenaHehIy eTIbesþcyageTArkRBHefr³ R)ab;

[RBHefr³RCabfa RBHGgÁCaGñkedIreTAkan;Rkúgsavtß I ehIycab;cug

eQIRct; bMRBÜjpøÚvnaMRBHefr³eTAdl;RkúgsavtßI kñ úgeBll¶acnaéf¶

enaHÉg nimnþ[RBHefr³Kg;sñak;enAelIEpnkþarkñ úgbNÑsala Edl

cUL)alitkudum<ik³sagTukkñúgvtþeCtBnenaHÉg eTAR)ab;dMNwg[RCab

fa RBHefr³mkdl;ehIy edayePTCasMLaj;rbs;eK ehIyecos

ecjeTA . cMENkcUL)alitkudum<ik³ )an]bdæakRBHefr³edayesckþI

eKarBrhUtGs;CIvit dUecñH .

cb;Gdækfa ckçú)letßrKafaTI 5

3


Gdðkza xNÐsumnezrKazaTI 6

[97] ÉkM bubö M cCitVan GsIti vsSekadieya

seKÁsu bricaertVa essek nmði niBV úetati .

´)anbUCapáamYyTg rYck¾)an[eKbeRmI kñúgzansYK’

Gs; 80 ekadiqñaM ¬rab;edayqñaMmnusS¦ ´rlt;Tukçeday

plénkmµd¾esssl; .

Kafarbs;RBHxNÐsumnefr³ manBaküepþImfa eRBaHlHpáaeQI

RtwmEtmYy . erOgekIteLIgdUcemþc?

)anB¤fa elakekItkñúgpÞHmanRtkUl kñúgkalénRBHmanRBHPaK

RBHnamfa bTumutþr³ dl;evladwgkþ I kalRBHsasþabriniBVanehIy

)ansagexOnbUCaedayeQIcnÞn_ B½T§Cu MvijRBHsþÚbenaH ehIy)aneFV I

karbUCad¾FM .

edaybuBaØkmµenaH kulbutþenaHesaysm,tþid¾]Lar kñúgeTvta

nigmnusSTaMgLay kñúgkalénRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnam ksSb³ ekIt

kñ úgRtkUlkudum<ik³ evlaRBHsasþaesþcbriniBVanehIy kalRBHraCa

-301- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 10 xNÐsumnefrKafaTI 6

RTg;eFVIkarbUCaedaypáaeQI ]TÞisfVayRBHsþÚbmas eKrkpáamin)an

eXIjpáamøiHmYyTg eTIbTijpáamøiHmYyTgenaHedaytémøéfø ehIyyk

eTAeFV IkarbUCaRtg;RBHectiy ekItbItiesamnsSéRkElg .

edaybuBaØkmµenaH eKekItenAkñúgeTvelak esayesckþIsux

kñ úgsYK’ 80 ekadiqña M kñúgBuT§ úb,aTkalenH ekItkñ úgRtkUlmløkSRt

naRkúg)ava . kñúgevlaEdleKekIt duMsárGMeBA nigpáamøiH )anekItkñúg

pÞHy:ageRcInsn§wksn§ab; eRBaHehtuenaH mnusSTaMgLayeTIbdak;

eQµaHeKfa xNÐsumn³ . RKaeKdwgkI þehIy kalRBHmanRBHPaK

Rbfab;enAkñ úgsYnGm<v½n rbs;naycunÞ³ kñ úgRkúg)ava k¾)ancUleTA

Kal; ehIysþab;Fm’ ekItsT§a )anecjbYs bMeBjvibsSna )an

CaGñkmanGPiBaØa 6 kñúgkalminyUr .


RBHCinsIhsmµasm<úT § RBHnamfa bTumutþr³

RTg;CaeCdæbursénelak RTg;Gg;GacCanrCn RTg;

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 68¦ Ca RBHsbrivar iyetßr .


r ugerOgdUcKMnrePø Ig briniBVanehIy .

kalRBHmhavIr³esþcbriniBVanehIy )anman

RBHsþÚbd¾FMTUlay CnTaMgLayykvtßúEdlnwgKb,I

fVay cUleTAtaMgTukRtg;RBHsþÚb kñ úgbnÞb;RBHFatu

d¾RbesIrbMput .

kñúgkalenaH eyIgmancitþRCHføa mancitþesa-

mnsS )aneFVIexOnbUCaxøwmcnÞmYy smKYrdl;RBHsþÚb

fVayFUb nigeRKÓgRkGUb .

kñúgPBEdleyIgekIt KW kñúgGtþPaBeTvta b¤

mnusS eyIgminCYbfa eyIgCabuKÁlefakTabeLIy

enHCaplénbuBVkmµ .


esþccRkBtþi 8 dg mannamfa smtþ³ RKb;RBHGgÁ

manBlanuPaBeRcIn .



TUnµanrbs;RBHBuT§ eyIgeFV Icb;ehIy .

RBHefr³luHseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy kalrBJkdl;Catimunrbs;

xøÜn eXIjkarbric©aKpáamøiHrbs;xøÜnkñúgCatimunenaH CanimitþénsYK’sm,tþi

nigCa]bnisS½yénRBHniBVan kalnwgRbkasvtßúenaHecjmkCa]Tan

)aneBalKafafa

eRBaHlHpáaeQIRtwmEtmYyTg eyIg)anTTYl

karbeRmIehIykñúgsYK’Gs; 80 ekadiqña M eRBaHpl

kmµd¾ess ´)anseRmcniBVanehIy .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa Ékbubö M ¬páaeQIRtwmEtmYy¦ )an

dl; páaekasum ¬páapÁaM¦ mYypáa EtbTfa ÉkbuböM kñúgKafaenH elak

sMedAdl;páamø iH .

bTfa cCitVan ¬lHbg;¦ esckþIfa eRBaHlHbg; KW eRBaHehtu

énkarbric©aKpáaeQImYy edayeFV IkarbUCaRBHsþÚbrbs;RBHsasþa .

bTfa GsIti vsSekadieya ¬80 ekadiqña M¦ esckþIfa Gs;

80 ekadiqña M edayrab;qña MEbbrbs;mnusS . k¾bTfa GsItivsS-

-3 04- brmtßTIbnI Gdækfa x uTÞknikay efrKafa

ekadieya enH CaTutiyaviPtþicuHkñúgGc©nþsMeyaK³ ¬ERbfa Gs;¦ .

k¾bTenH Kb,IRCabfa elakeBalTuk edayGMNacénkarekItehIy

ekIteTot kñúgsYK’kamavcrCan;TI 2 kñúgbNþasYK’Can;TaMg 6 . eRBaH

ehtuenaH bTfa seKÁsu ¬kñúgsYK’¦ eTIb)andl; kñúgsYK’Can;tav-

tþigS . k¾kñúgKafaenH bTenHCaBhuvcn³ eRBaHekItehIyekIteTot .

bTfa bricaertVa ¬beRmI¦ esckþIfa beRmI\®nÞ iykñúgGarmµN_

TaMgLaymanrU)armµN_CaedIm esayesckþIsux mü:ageTot )andl;

[RsIeTBGkSrbeRmIxø Ün .

edaybTfa esseknmði niBV úeta ¬eRBaHplkmµd¾ess )an

seRmcniBVanehIy¦ enH RBHefr³eBalsMedAdl;kuslFm’ EdlCa

]bnisS½yénRBHniBVan kñúgGtþPaBenaH edaykmµd¾essGMBIkmµEdl

[kñúgPvsm,tþi cakkuslectnaEdlRbRBwtþeTAehIy edayGMNac

énkarbUCaedaypáaeQI . eRBaHmanectnaeRcIn EdlRbRBwtþeTAeday

GMNacénbuBVectna nigGbrectna kñ úgkuslkmµenaH .

mü:ageTot bTfa essekn ¬eRBaHplkmµd¾ess¦ esckþIfa


kalkmµvi)akenaHenAminTan;Gs; eRBaHvi)akEdlenAsl;rbs;kmµenaH²

Ég eyIgk¾CaGñkrlt;ehIy KW eyIgbriniBVanehIy edaykiels

briniBVan edaybTfa essekn enH RBHefr³sEmþgfa RBHGrhtþ

EdlxøÜntaMgenAehIykñúgGtþPaBNa eFVI[Cak;c,as;ehIy GtþPaB

cugeRkayenaH k¾Cakmµvi)akrbs;kuslkmµenaH .

bTfa {eRBaHvi)akEdlenAsl;rbs;kmµenaHÉg} . Edlelak

eBalTuksUm,IkñúgTIdéT k¾sMedAdl;GtþPaBcugeRkaydUecñaHdUcKña .

cb;Gdækfa xNÐsumnefrKafaTI 6

3


Gdðkza tisSezrKazaTI 7

[98] hitVa stblM kMsM esavNÑM straCikM

GKÁhw mtþikabtþ M \TM Tutiya Pies c nnþi .

´lHPaCn_sMriT§iEdlmank,ac; 100 RsTab; nwgPaCn_ mancmøak; 100 Can; ehIyRtLb;mkkan;yk)aRtdI

vij karcUlkan;pñ Üsrbs;énH eQµaHfa CakarGPi-

eskTIBIr .

Kafarbs;RBHtisSetßr epþImfa eyIg)anlHbg;PaCn³mas .



BuT§GgÁmun² kñúgkalénRBHmanRBHPaK vibsSI ekItkñúgRtkUlrbs;

GñkeFV IyanBahn³ evladwgkþIehIy éf¶mYy eXIjRBHmanRBHPaK

mancitþRCHføa )aneFVIbnÞHkþaredaykMNat;eQIcnÞn_ ehIybeg¥anfVay

cMeBaHRBHmanRBHPaK RBHmanRBHPaKk¾RTg;)aneRbIR)as;bnÞHkþarenaH .

edaybuBaØkmµenaH eKk¾eTAekItkñ úgeTvelak eFV IbuNüt² mk

-307- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 10 tisSefrKafaTI 7

GenÞaleTAmkEtkñúgeTvta nigmnusSTaMgLay kñúgBuT§ úb,aTkalenH

mkekItkñúgraCRtkUl kñúgeraruvnKr . RBHraCkumarceRmInv½yehIy

kalRBHraCbitacUlTivgÁt )antaMgenAkñ úgraCsm,tþi CaRBHsMLaj;

minFøab;eXIjKñaCamYyRBH)aTBim<isar bBa¢ ÚnbNÑakar manEkvmNI

Ekvmutþa nigsMBt;CaedIm eTAfVayRBH)aTBim<isar . RBH)aTBim<isar

RTg;sþab;karmanbuNürbs;RBH)aTeraruv³enaH k¾RTg;)anbBa¢ ÚneRKÓg

bNÑakartb ehIy[carwkRBHBuT§criyacuHkñúgciRtb½Rt ¬raCsar¦

nigcarwkbdic©smub,aTcuHkñúgRBHsuvNÑb½Rt bBa¢ÚneTAfVay . RBH)aT

eraruv³RTg;TtemIlRBHBuT§criya EdlsresrTukkñúgciRtb½Rt niglMdab;

énbdic©smub,aTEdlcarwkTukkñ úgRBHsuvNÑb½Rt RTg;BicarNaeXIj

bvtþi nignivtþi ¬karekItTukç nigkarrlt;Tukç¦ BicarNatamlMdab;én

RBHraCsasn_kñúgRBHT½yehIy k¾ekItesckþItk;søútRBHT½y eRBaHRBH

GgÁRTg;manGFikar)aneFVITukehIykñúgRBHBuT§GgÁmun² nigeRBaHPBenH

CaPBcugeRkay eTIbRTg;RBHtRmiHfa {eyIg)aneXIjePTRBhµcriy³

rbs;RBHmanRBHPaKehIy TaMg)andwgGMBIRBHraCsasn_mYyEpñkeTot


kamTaMgLaymanTukçeRcIn manesckþIceg¥ótcg¥l;eRcIn \LÚvenH kar

enARKb;RKgraCsm,tþinwgmanRbeyaCn_GV I} eTIbRTg;lHbg;raCsm,tþi

dak;RBHeksa nigRBHmsSú esøókdNþb;sMBt;kasavB®sþ bYs]TÞis

RBHmanRBHPaK kan;)aRtdI RbRBwtþxø ÜndUcmnusScak;sRmam kal

mhaCnkMBugbrieTvnakaenaHÉg esþcecjcakRBHnKr eTAdl;Rkúg

raCRKwHedaylMdab; cUleTAKal;RBHmanRBHPaKEdlRTg;Rbfab;enA

Rtg;jkPñM eQµaHfa sb,esaNÐik³ CitRkúgraCRKwHenaH fVaybgÁM

ehIy GgÁúykñúgTIsmKYrmYy .

RBHsasþaRTg;sEmþgFm’ elaksþab;RBHFmµeTsnaehIy eron

ykvibsSnakmµdæan BüayamRbkberOy² ceRmInvibsSnaehIy k¾

)anseRmcRBHGrhtþ .


eyIgCanayCageFV Iyan CaGñksikSal¥ kñ úg

kargarrbs;CageQI eyIg)aneFVIbnÞHkþaredayeQI

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 72¦ Ca RBHplkTayketßr .


cnÞn_ ehIyfVaycMeBaHRBHsmµasm<úT§ GñkCaepABgS

énelak .

vimanEdlbuBaØkmµnimitþTukl¥ehIy edaymas

enH d¾r ugerOg yandMrI yanesH yanTiBV k¾R)akd

dl;eyIg .

R)asaT GRgwg nigEkvEdlRbmaNmin)an

ekIteLIgdl;eyIgtamR)afña enHCaplénkarfVay

bnÞHkþar .


bnÞHkþarNa edaykarfVaybnÞHkþarenaH eyIgminEdl

sÁal;TuKÁtieLIy enHCaplénkarfVaybnÞHkþar .


esþccRkBtþi 4 dg RTg;RBHnamfa nimµ it bribUN’





RBHefr³luHseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy kalnwgeBaldl;vtþbdibtþi

rbs;xø ÜnCa]Tan eTIb)aneBalKafafa

eyIglHbg;PaCn_mas manTm¶n ; 100 bl³

viciRtedayk,Úrk,ac;rab;ry mkkan;yk)aRtdICMnYs

enHCakarGPieskelIkTI 2 rbs;eyIg .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa hitVa ¬lHbg;¦ )andl; lHbg;ehIy .

bTfa stblM ¬manTm¶n; 100 bl³¦ )andl; PaCn³mas

EdlF¶n;RbmaN 100 bl³ . bTfa kMsM ¬PaCn³¦ )andl; can

elah³ . bTfa esavNÑM ¬mas¦ )andl; seRmcedaymas .

bTfa straCikM ¬viciRtedayk,Úrk,ac;rab;ry¦ esckþIfa Rbkb

edayk,Úrk,ac;minEmntic eRBaHCaPaCn³Edlman)atd¾viciRt nigl¥

s¥atedayk,Úrk,ac;CaGenk .

bTfa GKÁhw mtþikabtþM ¬kan;)aRtdICMnYs¦ esckþIfa kñúg

RKamun RBHefr³Føab;esaykñúgPaCn³mantémøeRcInEbbenH kaleFVItam


RBHBuT§»vaT elakeBalsresIrkarlHraCsm,tþi nigkarcUlkan;

bBVC¢a edayeBaldl;PaCn³fa {\LÚvenH eyIglHbg;PaCn³mas

ehIykan;)aRtdI »¡ eyIgeFVIkmµl¥ehIyhñ+ eyIg)antaMgenAkñ úgFmµ-

TMenomrbs;RBHGriy³ehIy} . eRBaHehtuenaH eTIbRBHefr³eBal

fa enHCakarGPieskelIkTI 2 rbs;eyIg . GFib,ayfa karcUl

dl;bBVC¢aePTenH CakarGPieskelIkTI 2 rbs;eyIg eRBaHfa ra-

CaPiesk CakarGPieskelIkdMbUg . eRBaHfa karGPieskelIk

dMbUgenaH CakmµEdlesAhµgeTAedaykielsmanraK³CaedIm rsab;

rsl; xVl;xVay RbkbeTAedayvtßúEdlKµanRbeyaCn_ Cab;edayTukç

CakmµEdlefakfy cMENkarGPieskelIkTI 2 rbs;eyIgenH eTIb

eQµaHfa ]tþm RbNIt eRBaHpÞúyKñanwgkarGPieskelIkdMbUgenaH .

cb;Gdækfa tisSetßrKafaTI 7

3


Gdðkza GPyezrKazaTI 8

[99] r UbM TisVa sti mudæa biynimitþ M mnsikeraeta

sartþcietþa eveTti tBa© GeCÄas tid æti

tsS vDÆnþi Gasva PvmUelabKamienati .

buKÁlkaleXIjrUbehIy eFV IT ukkñ úgcitþ nUvnimitþCaTI

RsLaj; stirEmgPøaMgPøat; buKÁlenaHmancitþeRtkGr

TTYlyk elbyknUvGarmµN_enaH Gasv³TaMgLay

EdlCaeRKÓgnaMcUleTAkan;bJsKl;énPB rEmgceRmIn

dl;buKÁlenaH .

RBHGPyetßr .

Kafarbs;RBHGPyetßr manBaküepþImfa kalbuKÁl)aneXIj

rUbehIy . erOgekIteLIgdUcemþc?


GgÁmun ² snSMbuNüEdlCa]bnisS½yénRBHniBVanTukkñ úgPBenaH ²

kñúgkalénRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa suemF³ ekItkñ úgpÞHmanRtkUl

-313- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 10 GPyefrKafaTI 8

evladwgkþIehIy éf¶mYy eXIjRBHmanRBHPaKRTg;RBHnamfa suemF³

k¾)anbUCaedaypáaRsl; .

edaybuBaØkmµenaH eKekItkñúgBYkeTvta eFVIbuNüt² mk )an

Rtac;rgÁat;eTAmkEtkñúgsuKtiPBb:ueNÑaH kñúgBuT§úb,aTkalenH mkekIt

kñ úgRtkUlRBahµN_ kñ úgRkúgsavtß I mannamfa GP½y luHevladwg

kþ IehIy eRBaHehtusm,tþidas;etOn éf¶mYyeTAkan;RBHvihar sþab;

RBHFm’eTsnarbs;RBHsasþaehIy k¾mancitþRCHføa bYsehIy eFV I

buBVkic©cb;ehIy ceRmInvibsSna .

éf¶mYy elakcUleTAkan;RsúkedIm,IbiNÐ)at eXIjmatuRKam

tak;EtgxøÜns¥at eTIbekItnUvqnÞraK³EdlTak;TgCamYynwgrUbRsIenaH

eRBaHmin)aneFV ITukkñúgcitþRtÚv elakcUleTAkñ úgviharehIy TUnµancitþ

rbs;xø Ünfa {kaleyIglHbg;sti RkeLkemIlehIy kielskñúg

rU)armµN_ekIteLIgehIydl;eyIg eyIgeFV IkmµEdlminsmKYreLIy}

ceRmInvibsSna k¾)anseRmcRBHGrhtþkñ úgrMeBcenaHÉg .


1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 73¦ Ca RBHvdMskiyetßr .


RBHsymÖÚRTg;mincalcaj; RBHnamfasuemF³

kalRTg;ceRmInvievk eTIbesþcyagcUlkan;éRBFM .

eyIgeXIjpáaRsl;kMBugrIk eTIbykmkRkg

CakRmg bUCaRBHBuT§ RTg;CaGñknaMénelak cMeBaH

RBHP®kþ .


bUCaRBHBuT§ edaypáaeQINa eRBaHkarbUCaenaH eyIg



esþccRkBtþi 16 dg RTg;RBHnamfa sunimiµt³ RTg;




RBHefr³luHseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy kalnwgsEmþgfa {cMeBaH

buKÁlEdl ¬RbRBwtþ¦ beNþaytamkiels minman ¬»kas¦ nwgegIb


k,aleLIgGMBIvdþTukç)aneLIy cMENkxøÜneyIgminRbRBwtþtamkiels

TaMgenaH} edaykarbBa¢ak;[eXIjkarekIteLIgénkielsrbs;xøÜn )an

eBalKafafa

kalbuKÁl)aneXIjrUbehIy rvl;eFVIT ukkñ úg

citþdl;GarmµN_EdlCaTIRsLaj; stik¾vegVg CnNa

mancitþeRtkGresayrU)armµN_ rU)armµN_k¾RKbsgát;

CnenaH Gasv³TaMgLayrEmgceRmIndl;CnenaH Gñk

cUldl;b£sKl;énPB .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa rUbM ¬rUb¦ )andl; rU)aytn³ Edl

CaTItaMgénteRmk . k¾rU)aytn³enaHkñúgKafaenH sMedAdl;rUbRsþI .

bTfa TisVa ¬eXIj¦ )andl; eXIjedayEPñk KW kan;yk

rUbenaH edaykarkan;yknUvnimitþ nigGnuBüBa¢n³ edaykar[sÞúHeTA

tamRkEsénckçúTVar GFib,ayfa eRBaHkarkan;ykrUbenaHfa Cay:ag

enaHCaehtu .

bTfa sti mudæa ¬stik¾vegVg¦ )andl; stiEdlRbRBwtþeTA


kñúgkay EdlmansPaBmins¥at famins¥atenaHÉg k¾vinaseTA .

k¾RBHefr³ kalnwgsEmþgdl;stiEdlvinaseTA eRBaHeXIjrUbenaH

eTIbeBalfa rvl;eFVITukkñúgcitþdl;GarmµN_EdlRsLaj; esckþIfa

kalrvl;eFV ITukkñúgcitþdl;GarmµN_tamEdlcUlmkR)akd edaymin

eFV ITukkñúgcitþ[RtÚvTMng eFV IbiyarmµN_[Canimitþ edayn½yCaedIm

fa {s¥at sux} stik¾vinaseTA .

bTfa sartþcietþa eveTti ¬buKÁlNamanteRmk eRtkGresay

rU)armµN_¦ esckþIfa GMBIenaHGñkmankareBjcitþehIyedayl¥ rEmg

esay KW ePøItePøInkñúgrU)armµN_enaH k¾kalePøItePøInehIy rU)armµN_

k¾RKbsgát;CnenaH KW GarmµN_nwgRKbsgát;CnenaH eFVI[lM)ak eFVI

[vegVgenaHÉg nigGasv³TaMgLayrEmgceRmIndl;CnenaHy:agenH

KW eQµaHfa CaGñkcUldl;nUvbJsKl;énPB )andl; Gasv³TaMg

Lay 4 y:ag mankamasv³CaedIm EdlmankarcUldl;nUvsPaB

CabJsKl; KW sPaBCaehtuénPB KW sgSar rEmgceRmIndl;Cn

enaHéRkElgeLIg² Etmü:ag KW minvinaseLIy EtGasv³sUm,ITaMg


4 enaH EdleyIgtaMgenAehIykñúgkarBicarNa ceRmInvibsSna cak;

Fø úHsc©³TaMgLay lHbg;ehIyminmanesssl; tamlMdab;énmKÁ

KW Gs;eTAedayCuMvijehIy .

cb;Gdækfa GPyefrKafaTI 8

3


Gdðkza ótþiyezrKazaTI 9

[100] sTÞM sutVa sti mudæa biynimitþM mnsikeraeta

sartþcietþa eveTti tBa© GeCÄas tidæti

tsS vDÆnþ i Gasva sMsarM ]bKamienati .

buKÁlkalsþab;sMeLg ehIyeFVITukkñúgcitþnUvnimitþCa

TIRsLaj; sti rEmgPøaMgPøat; buKÁlenaHrEmgmancitþ

eRtkGr TTYlyk elbnUvGarmµN_enaH Gasv³TaMg

Lay EdlCaeRKÓgnaMcUleTAkan;sgSar rEmgceRmIn

dl;buKÁlenaH .

RBH]tþiyetßr .

Kafarbs;RBH]tþiyetßr epþImfa buKÁl)ansþab;sMeLgehIy .



GgÁmun ² snSMbuNüEdlCa]bnisS½yénRBHniBVanTukkñ úgPBenaH ²

kñúgkalénRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa suemF³ ekItkñ úgpÞHmanRtkUl

-319- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 10 ]tþ iyefrKafaTI 9

evladwgkþIehIy éf¶mYy CYbRBHsasþa mancitþRCHføa eTIb)anRkal

kRmaltak;Etgblø½gá edaykRmalRBMeFVIedayeramstVCaedIm RBm

TaMgsMBt;sRmab;)aMgxagelI ¬Bitan¦ EdlsmKYrdl;RBHBuT§ fVay

Tukkñ úgRBHKn§kudi .


Lay kñúgBuT§ úb,aTkalenH mkekItkñ úgsküRtkUl kñúgRkúgkbil-

Bsþú mannamfa ]tþiy³ . RBHGgÁceRmInv½yehIy eXIjBuT§anuPaB

kñúgsmaKménRBHjatirbs;RBHsasþa mancitþRCHføa bBVC¢aehIy

bMeBjsmNFm’ éf¶mYy cUleTAkan;RsúkedIm,IbiNÐ)at sþab;sMeLg

eRcógrbs;®sþImñak;kñ úgrvagpøÚv kalekItqnÞraK³eLIgkñ úgsMeLgeRcóg

enaH eRBaHmin)aneFV IT ukkñ úgcitþeday])ay elakeTIbrm¶ab;qnÞraK³

enaH edaykmøaMgénkarBicarNa cUleTAkan;viharehIy ekItesckþI

segVK GgÁúykñúgTIsRmakevlaéf¶ ceRmInvibsSna k¾)anseRmc

RBHGrhtþkñúgxN³enaHÉg .


1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 75¦ Ca RBHbløgáTayketßr .


eyIg)anfVayblø½gá RBmTaMgsMBt;sRmab;

)aMgxagelI ¬Bitan¦ cMeBaHRBHmanRBHPaK RBHnam

fa suemF³ CaeCdæbursénelak CataTibuKÁl .

kñúgRKaenaH blø½gáenaH )anCablø½gáRbkb

edayEkv 7 Rbkar dUcCadwgesckþIRtiHriHrbs;eyIg

eTIbekIteLIgdl;eyIgRKb;kal .


fVayblø½gáNakñ úgkalenaH eRBaHkmµenaH eyIgmin

EdlsÁal;TuKÁtieLIy enHCaplénkarfVayblø½gá .

kñ úgkb,TI 20>000 GMBIPTÞkb,enH eyIg)an

CaesþccRkBtþi 3 dg RBHnamfa suvNÑaP³ RTg;



TUnµanrbs;RBHBuT§eyIg)aneFVIcb;ehIy .

RBHefr³RKaseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy kalnwgsEmþgesckþIfa

-321- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 10 ]tþ iyefrKafaTI 9

{kalbuKÁlminregáóskñúgkielsTaMgLay minmanpø ÚvnwgegIbk,al

eLIgGMBITukçkñ úgvdþ³)aneLIy ÉeyIgregáóskñúgkielsTaMgenaHÉg}

edaybMNgsEmþg[eXIjkarekIteLIgénkielsrbs;xøÜn )aneBal

Kafafa

buKÁl)ansþab;sMeLgehIy rvl;eFVITukkñúgcitþ

dl;GarmµN_EdlCaTIRsLaj; stik¾vegVg buKÁlNa

mancitþeRtkGr esaysTÞarmµN_ sTÞarmµN_k¾RKb

sgát;buKÁlenaH Gasv³TaMgLay rEmgceRmIndl;

buKÁlenaH GñkcUldl;sgSar .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa sTÞM ¬sMeLg¦ )andl; sTÞarmµN_

EdlCaTItaMgénteRmk .

bTfa sMsar]bKamiena ¬buKÁlcUldl;sgSar¦ esckþIfa

eQµaHfa buKÁlcUldl;sgSar eRBaHcUldl;sgSarEdlCatYehtu

énsgSarvdþ EdlelakeBalTuky:agenHfa

lMdab;énxn§ Fatu Gaytn³ enARbRBwtþeTA


minTan;dac;ExS elakehAfa sgSar .

)az³fa sMsarUbKamiena k¾man . Baküd¾essmann½ydUc

eBalehIykñúgKafaCab;KñaenaHÉg ¬KafaEdleBalehIy¦ .

cb;Gdækfa ]tþiyefrKafaTI 9

3

-323- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 10 eTvsPefrKafaTI 10

Gdðkza ‘Tutiy’ eTvsPezrKazaTI 10

[101] smµb,Fansm,benña stib,dæan eKacera

vimutþ ik usumsBaäenña briniBVayisStünasevati .

buKÁlRbkbedaysmµb,Fan manstib,dæanCaGarmµN_

d¾edrdasedaypáa KW vimutþi CaGñkminmanGasv³ nwg brin iBVan .

RBHeTvsPetßr .

Kafarbs;RBHeTvsPetßr manBaküepþ Imfa Pikç úGñkdl;RBm

edayesckþIBüayamRbéB . erOgekIteLIgdUcemþc?


mun² snSMkuslEdlCa]bnisS½yénRBHniBVanTukkñ úgPBenaH² kñúg

kalénRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa sixI ekItkñúgpÞHmanRtkUl evla

dwgkþ IehIy éf¶mYy eXIjRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa sixI mancitþ

RCHføa eTIb)aneFVIkarbUCaedaypáacm,:a .



Lay kñúgBuT§úb,aTkalenH mkekItkñúgsküRtkUl kñúgRkúgkbilBsþú

mannamfa eTvsP³ . eKceRmInv½yehIy eXIjBuT§anuPaB kal

RBHsasþaesþcyagmkrm¶ab;kareQøaHKñaerOgTwk mancitþRCHføa eTIb

taMgenAkñ úgsrNKmn_ kalRBHsasþaRbfab;enAkñúgnieRKaFaram eK

cUleTAKal;RBHsasþaeTot mansT§a eTIbecjbYs eFVIbuBVkic©eRsc

ehIy ceRmInvibsSna )anseRmcRBHGrhtþkñúgevlaminyUr .


eyIg)aneXIjRBHmanRBHPaK RBHnamfasixI

RTg;R)ascakmnÞil brisuT§pUrpg; minl¥k;dUcdYgcnÞ

Gs;raK³ EdleFVI[eRtkGrehIy RTg;qøgtNðakñ úg

elakehIy .

RTg;júaMgBBYkCn[s¶b;RtCak; RTg;qøgeday

RBHGgÁÉgehIy júaMgBBYkCn[qøg CamunId¾RbesIr

smøwgQanenAkñ úgéRB CaGñkmancitþtaMgs‘b; man

1¦ GbTan bidkelx 73 TMB½r 77¦ Ca RBHBn§úCIvketßr .


RBHT½ytaMgmaMedayl¥ .

eyIgRkgpáacm,:a eFV ICakRmgpáa ehIybUCa

RBHBuT§RTg;RBHnamfa sixI GñkCaepABgSénelak .


NaTukkñúgRKaenaH eRBaHkmµenaH eyIgminEdlsÁal;



cRkBtþi RTg;RBHnamfa smnþckçú CaFMCagmnusS

manyseRcIn manBlanuPaBeRcIn .



RBHefr³kalseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy CaGñkmanbItiesamnsS

eRBaHGaRs½yvimutþ isuxEdlxøÜnseRmcehIy )aneBalKafa eday

karbnø W]Tanfa

Pikç úGñkdl;RBmedayesckþIBüayamRtÚv man


stib,dæanCaGarmµN_ Rbdab;edaypáa KW vimutþ i Ca

GñkminmanGasv³ nwgbriniBVan .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa smµb,Fansm,enña ¬Gñkdl;RBm

edayesckþIBüayamRtÚv¦ esckþIfa GñkbribUN’edaysmµb,Fan 4

y:ag GFib,ayfa júa Mgkic©EdlnwgRtÚveFV Iedaysmµb,FanTaMgenaH

[dl;RBmehIy taMgenA .

bTfa sitb,dæaneKacera ¬manstib,dæanCaGarmµN_¦ esckþI

fa PikçúeQµaHfa manstib,dæanCaGarmµN_ eRBaHmanstib,dæan ¬4¦

mankayanubsSnastib,dæanCaedIm CaGarmµN_ KW CaTItaMgénkar

RbRBwtþ GFib,ayfa CaGñkmancitþtaMgmaMehIykñúgstibdæan 4 .

páa KW vimutþienaHÉg eQµaHfa mankø inRkGUbQ¶úyQ¶b; eRBaH

s¥atedayKuNFm’ Pikç úeQµaHfa Rbdab;ehIy KW tak;EtgehIy

)andl; eFV I[eBjehIy edayvimutþ ienaH edayRbkarTaMgBYg KW

edayRbéBenaHÉg .

bTfa briniBVayisStünaseva ¬eTIbCaGñkminmanGasv³ briniBVan¦


esckþIfa PikçúkalbdibtþiedayRbéBy:agenH CabuKÁlminmanGasv³

nwgbriniBVan edays])aTiessniBVanFatu nigGnu)aTiessniBVanFatu

kñ úgevlaminyUreLIy .

k¾BaküCaKafaenHÉg )anBaküBüakrN_RBHGrhtþplrbs;

RBHefr³ .

cb;Gdækfa ¬Tutiy¦ eTvsPefrKafaTI 10

cb;Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 10

kñúgvKÁenHrYmmanRBHefr³ 10 rUb KW RBHbribuNÑkefr³ 1 RBHviCyefr³ 1 RBHÉrkefr³ 1 RBHemtþCiefr³ 1 RBHckçú)lefr³ 1 RBHxNÐsumnefr³ 1 RBHtisSefr³ 1 RBHGPyefr³ 1 RBH]tþiyefr³ 1 RBH ¬Tutiy¦ eTvsPefr³ 1

dUecñHÉg .

s t r


Gdðkza Ékni:t

vK<TI 11

Gdðkza eBldðanikezrKazaTI 1‘1’

[102] hitVa KihitV M Gnevasitetþa

muxngÁlI »Trieka kusIeta

m h a v r a e h a v ni v a b bu e dæ a

bunb,únM KBÖmuebti menÞati .

bursbuKÁll¶g;exøA lHbg;sPaBCaRKhsß ¬cUlkan;

pñÚs¦ CaGñkmin)anGb;rMxøÜn CaGñkmanmat;dUcCangÁ½l

x¢ilRcGUs )anEtxagciBa©wmeBaH dUcRCÚkRsúkFM Edl

eKbMb:nedaycMNI EtgcUleTAkan;KP’erOy² .

RBHeBldækanietßr .

Kafarbs;RBHeBldæaniketßr epþImfa eyIglHPaBCaRKhsß

1¦ bidkCa RBHeBldækanietßr c,ab;PUma nigGg;eKøs dUcKñan wgGdækfa .

-329- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 11 eBldæanikefrKafaTI 1

)anehIy . erOgekIteLIgdUcemþc?


BuT§GgÁmun² kñúgkb,TI 31 GMBIPTÞkb,enH kñúgkalénRBHmanRBHPaK

RBHnamfa evsSPU ekItkñ úgRtkUlRBahµN_ ceRmInv½yehIy k¾)an

sikSacb;kñ úgsil,sa®sþrbs;RBahµN_TaMgLay lHbg;Xravas-

vis½y bYsCatabs manBYk\sIEhhmehIyRtac;eTA éf¶mYy eXIj

RBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa evsSPU ekItbItiesamnsS CaGñkmancitþ

RCHføa eRBaHGaRs½yjaNsm,tþirbs;RBHsasþa )aneFVIkarbUCapáa

eQIedaycMeBaHRBHjaN .

edaybuBaØkmµenaH eKk¾Rtac;rgÁat;enAkñúgeTvta nigmnusSTaMg

Lay . kñúgBuT§ úb,aTkalenH mkekItkñ úgRtkUlRBahµN_ kñ úgRkúg

savtßI mannamfa eBldæanik³ evladwgkþIehIy sþab;RBHFm’eTsna

rbs;RBHsasþa ekItcitþsT§a bYsehIy eronkmµdæan)aneTAenAkñ úg

éRBkñúgEdnekasl CaGñkx¢ ilRcGUs manragkayFat;FM manvaca

eRKatRKat eFV Icitþ[ekIteLIgkñúgsmNFm’min)an .


lMdab;enaH RBHmanRBHPaK RTg;RtÜtemIldl;PaBcas;køaén

jaNehIy júaMgeBldæanikPikçú[tk;søút edayRBHKafaR)ab;eTas

enHfa

buKÁllHbg;sPaBCaRKhsß)anehIy enAmin

Tan;seRmckic© k¾mkCaGñkmanmat;dUcngÁ ½l eXIj

EtxagépÞ CabuKÁlx¢ilRcGUs CabuKÁll¶g;exøA cUl

kan;KP’erOy² dUcRCÚkRsúkFM EdleKbMb:nedaycMNI

dUecñaH .

elakRkeLkeXIjRBHsasþa hak;dUcCaRTg;Rbfab;enAcMeBaH

mux nigsþab;KafaenaHehIy ekItesckþItk;søút ceRmInvibsSna k¾

)anseRmcRBHGrhtþkñúgevlaminyUreLIy eRBaHehtuEdljaNdl;

nUvPaBcas;køa .


eyIg)aneXIj RBHd¾manRBHPaK RBHnamfa

1¦ GbTan bidkelx 73 TMB½r 58¦ Ca RBHcm,kbubö iyetßr .


evsSPU rugerOgdUcpáakNikar Rbfab;Kg;enAnacenøaH

Pñ M RTg;júaMgTisTaMgBYg[PøWsVag dUcpáayRBwk .

manmaNB 3 nak; CaGñksikSal¥kñúgsil,³

rbs;xø Ün Erkvtß úeBjGERmk mktameRkayeyIg .

eyIgGñkmantb³dak;páacm,:a 7 páa Tukkñ úg

kenÞag ehIykan;ykpáaTaMgenaHeTAbUCa cMeBaHRBH

jaNRBHmanRBHPaK RBHnamevsSPU .


BuT§BaØaN edaypáaeQINa eRBaHkarbUCaenaH eyIg

minEdlsÁal;TuKÁtieLIy enHCaplénkarbUCaRBH

jaN .


esþccRkBtþi RBHnamdUcKñafa vibulaP³¬1¦ bribUN’


1¦ )alIGbTanc,ab;süamrdæ Ca vihtaPa .




k¾RBHefr³luHseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy kalnwgbdibtþ itamRBH

»vaTrbs;RBHsasþakþ I kalnwgBüakrN_RBHGrhtþpledaybMNg

nwgGFib,ayesckþI[EbøkeTAkþI k¾)aneBalRBHKafaenHdEdleTot .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa hitVa KihitVM ¬lHbg;PaBCaRKhsß

mk)anehIy¦ esckþIfa lHbg;PaBCaRKhsß GFib,ayfa bYsehIy .

bTfa Gnevasitetþa ¬enAminTan;seRmckic©¦ esckþIfa enA

minTan;seRmckic©tamsmKYr . GFib,ayfa eQµaHfa enAminTan;

seRmckic© KW mankrNIykic©enAminTan;seRmc eRBaHenAminTan;

seRmckic©manbriBaØaCaedIm EdlsmKYrdl;GñkbYskñúgRBHsasna

tamEdlR)afña .

mü:ageTot bTfa enAminTan;seRmc esckþIfa enAminTan;

seRmcedaylMdab; nigminTan;enAcb;RBhµcriy³ tamlMdab;én

mKÁd¾brisuT§TaMgLay GFib,ayfa minTan;enAcb;kñúgGriyvas 10 .


PikçúeQµaHfa muxngÁlI ¬Gñkmanmat;dUcngÁ½l¦ eRBaHmanngÁ½l eBal

KW mat; GFib,ayfa CIkKas;rMelIgxøÜnehIyedayRbeyaK KW kar

eBalBaküeRKatRKatkñúgbuKÁldéTTaMgLay dUcCIkKas;dIedayngÁ½l

dUecñaH .

bTfa »Trieka ¬eXIjdl;eBaH¦ esckþIfa xVl;xVaykñúgerOg

eBaH KW ykcitþTukdak;Etkñ úgerOgsuICaFM .

bTfa kusIeta ¬CabuKÁlx¢ilRcGUs¦ )andl; x¢ ilRcGUs

KW minBüayamRbkbedayPavna . RBHefr³kalnwgsEmþgdl;kar

seRmcrbs;PikçúGñkmansPaBy:agenH eTIbeBalfa CabuKÁll¶g;exøA

rEmgcUlkan;KP’erOy² dUcRCÚkRsúkFat;FM eRBaHeKbMb:nedaycMNI

dUecñaH .

GtßaGFib,ayrbs;KafaenaH éBalTukkñ úgxagedImTaMgGs;

ehIy k¾kñúgKafaenH Kb,Iyl;fa PikçúbYsehIy CabuKÁll¶g; eQµaH

fa rEmgcUlkan;KP’erOy² eRBaHCaGñkenAminTan;cb;RBhµcriy³Ca

edIm y:agNa Pikç údUcCaeyIgEdlCabNÐit rEmgminCadUecñaH . k¾


RBHefr³BüakrN_RBHGrhtþpl edaybMNgGFib,ayesckþI[Ebøk

ecjeTAfa briniBVan eRBaHdl;TIbMputénsmµabdibtþi EdlmansPaB

pÞúyKñaGMBIkarbdibtþ idUceBalehIy dUecñHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa eBldæaniketßrTI 1

3

-335- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 11 estucäefrKafaTI 2

Gdðkza estucäezrKazaTI 2

[103] maenn vBa¢ itaes

sgçaersu sgáilisSmana es

laPalaePn mfita smaFw naFiKcän þ It i .

CnTaMgLayEdlRtÚvmanHbeBaäat esAhµgkñ úgsgçar

RtÚvlaP GlaP jaMjIehIy rEmgmin)annUvsmaFi .

RBHestucäetßr .

Kafarbs;RBHestucäetßr manBaküepþ Imfa CnTaMgLayRtÚv

manHbeBaäat . erOgekIteLIgdUcemþc?


GgÁmun² kñúgkalRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa tisS³ )anekItkñúgpÞHman

RtkUl luHdwgkþIehIy éf¶mYy eXIjRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa tisS³

mancitþRCHføa )anfVayxñúrEdlmanrsEp¥m ¬nig¦ rbs;TMBar KW EpødUg

EdlerobcMTuk .

edaybuBaØkmµenaH eKeTAekItkñ úgeTvelak GenÞaleTAmkenA


kñúgeTvta nigmnusSTaMgLay kñúgBuT§ úb,aTkalenH ekItCaRBH»rs

rbs;RBHraCaRKb;RKgmNÐlmYy manRBHnamfa estucä³ kalRBH

CnksuKtehIy esþck¾)antaMgenAkñ úgraCsm,tþi ¬bnþCMnYs¦ eFV I[

raCkic©FUrrlug eRBaHminmanesckþIBüayam nigeRBaHminmansmtß-

PaB eFVI[RTBüsm,tþiFøak;enAkñúgkNþab;édrbs;sRtÚv ekItesckþIsøút

RBHT½y eRBaHCYbesckþITukç TtRBHenRteXIjRBHmanRBHPaK Edl

esþcyagcarikeTAtamCnbT eTIbRBHGgÁcUleTAKal; sþab;RBHFmµ-

eTsnaehIy ekItsT§a RTg;bYsehIy eFVIbrikmµ k¾)anseRmcRBH

Grhtþkñ úgéf¶enaHÉg .


kñúgkalmun eyIg)anfVayEpøeQIcMeBaHRBHman

RBHPaKRBHnamfa tisS³ nig)anfVayEpødUg nigrbs;

KYrTMBarEdleKsnµtfal¥ .

kalfVayEpødUgenaH cMeBaHRBHmanRBHPaK

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 91¦ Ca RBHxC¢Tayketßr .


RBHnamfatisS³ GñkEsVgrkKuNd¾FMéRkElgehIy

rEmgrIkray manbMNgvtßúNaEdlRtÚvkar k¾)antam

R)afña .

kñúgkb,TI 92 GMBIPTÞkb,enH eyIg)aneFVITan

Na kñúgRKaenaH eRBaHTanenaH eyIgminEdlsÁal;

TuKÁtieLIy enHCaplénkarfVayEpøeQI .


cRkBtþi RTg;RBHnamfa \TÞsm³ RTg;bribUN’eday



TUnµanrbs;RBHBuT§eyIgeFV Icb;ehIy .

RBHefr³luH)anseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy kalnwgtiHedolkiels

TaMgLay )aneBalKafafa

CnTaMgLayRtÚvmanHbeBaäatehIy esAhµg

kñúgsgçarTaMgLay RtÚvkarmanlaP nigkarminman


laP jaMjIehIy rEmgmin)anseRmcsmaFi .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa maenn vBa©itaes ¬RtÚvmanHbeBaäat

ehIy¦ esckþIfa EdlmanH[RbRBwtþeTAedayn½yCaedImfa {eyIgCa

GñkRbesIrbMput} eFV I[vibløaseTA edaykarcUleTAkat;PNÐ³ KW

kusl edayGMNacénkiels mankarelIkxøÜnÉgRKbsgát;GñkdéT

CaedIm .

bTfa sgçaersu sgáilisSmanaes ¬esµAhµgehIykñúgsgçar

TaMgLay¦ esckþIfa esAhµgehIykñúg\®nÞIy_TaMgLay manckúçCa

edIm EdlRbRBwtþeTAkñúgxagkñúg nigxageRkA nigkñúgsgçtFm’TaMgLay

manrUbCaedIm KW dl;esckþIesAhµg edayGMNackarkan;yknimitþ

enaH eRBaHkarRbkan;edaytNðaCaedImfa {enaHrbs;eyIg enaHCa

eyIg enaHCaxø Ünrbs;eyIg} .

bTfa laPalaePn mfita ¬RtÚvkarmanlaP nigkarminman

laPjaMjIehIy¦ esckþIfa kar)an nigmin)anbrikçar man)aRt nig

cIvrCaedIm nigBsþúmansMBt;CaedIm jaMjIehIy KW sgát;sgáinehIy


)andl; RKbsgát;ehIy eRBaHekItesckþITas;citþtammk eRBaHkar

)an nigmin)anenaHCaehtu . k¾bTfa RtÚvkarmanlaP nigminman

laPjaMjIehIy enH RtwmEtCa]bma nigkñúgTIenH Kb,IrYmykela-

kFm’ 8 cUlpg .

bTfa smaFw naFiKcänþi ¬rEmgmin)anseRmcsmaFi¦ esckþI

fa buKÁlEbbenaH GñkminmancitþCasmaFi edayGMNacénsmfkmµ-

dæan nigvibsSnakmµdæan sUm,Ikñ úgkalNa² k¾rEmgminRbsBV KW

min)an )andl; min)andl;nUvsmaFi eRBaHminmanFm’EdlRbRBwtþ

eTAedIm,IsmaFi nigeRBaHmanEtGkuslFm’ . sUm,Ikñ úgKafaenH bT

fa {GñkminmanbBaØa RtÚvkielsmanmanHCaedImRKbsgát;ehIy sUm,I

nwgcUlsmaFienaHÉg k¾eQµaHfa rEmgmindl;smaFi y:agNa Gñk

manbBaØaTaMgLay minEmndUecñaHeLIy k¾GñkmanbBaØaTaMgenaHdUcCa

eyIg minRtÚvkielsmanmanHCaedImRKbsgát;ehIy rEmg)anseRmc

smaFiedaycMENkmYy} Kb,IRCabfa BaküEdleBalenH CaBakü

BüakrN_RBHGrhtþpl ¬ rbs;RBHefr³ ¦ edayGFib,ayesckþI[


EbøkecjeTA .

cb;Gdækfa estucäefrKafaTI 2

3

-341- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 11 Bn§ úrefrKafaTI 3

Gdðkza BnÆúrezrKazaTI 3

[104] nahM Éetn Gtßieka

suxieta Fmµresn tb,ieta

bitVan rsKÁmutþmM n c kahami resn snßvnþ i .

´minRtÚvkaredaylaPn+uHeT ´)anesckþIsux Eq¥t

edayFmµrs eRkbpwkrsd¾RbesIréføføa mineFVIn Uv karCab;edayrseT .

RBHBn§úretßr .

Kafarbs;RBHBnÞúretßr epþImfa eyIgminmanesckþIRtÚvkareday

laP KW GamisenaH . erOgekIteLIgdUcemþc?


BuT§GgÁmun² kñúgkalénRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa siT§tß³ CaGñkRKb;

RKgkñúgRBHraCvaMgrbs;RBHraCamYyGgÁ éf¶mYy eXIjRBHmanRBHPaK

RBmedaybris½T RTg;yagqøgkat;tammuxRBHraCvaMgeTA mancitþRCHføa

)anebHpáayIfUeTAbUCaRBHmanRBHPaK RTg;CaGñknaMénelakRBmeday


Pikç úsgÇ .

edaybuBaØkmµenaH eKeTAekItkñúgeTvelak GenÞaleTAmkEtkñúg

suKtib:ueNÑaH kñúgBuTú §b,aTkalenH ekItCabutþesdæI kñ úgsIlvtInKr

mannamfa BnÞúr³ . kaleKdwgkþIehIy )aneTAkan;RkúgsavtßI eday

krNIykic©NanImYy ehIyeTAkan;RBHviharCamYyeday])askTaMg

Lay sþab;RBHFmµeTsnarbs;RBHsasþaehIy mancitþRCHføa bYs

ehIy epþ ImceRmInvibsSna k¾)anseRmcRBHGrhtþkñ úgevlaminyUr

eRBaHCaGñkmanjaNcas;køa .


RBHmanRBHPaK RBHnamfa siT§tß³ RTg;Ca

eCdæbursénelak RTg;RbesIrCagnrCn Ehhm

edayRBHsavkTaMgLay esþcyageTAkan;RBHnKr .

eyIgCaGñkEdl)anTTYlEtgtaMg[CaGñkRKb;

RKgxagkñúgRBHraCvaMg eyIgcUleTAkñ úgR)asaT )an

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 90¦ Ca RBHkNevrbubö iyetßr .

-343- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 11 Bn§úrefrKafaTI 3

eXIjRBHmanRBHPaK RTg;CaGñknaMénelak .

eTIbkan;ykpáayIfU eTAeraykñúgkNþalPikçú-

sgÇ EckmYycMENk eraybUCaRBHBuT§EfmeTot .


RBHBuT§ edaypáaeQINa eRBaHkarbUCaenaH eyIg



esþccRkBtþi 4 dg RTg;RBHnamfa mhiT§ ik³ RTg;




RBHefr³luHseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy taMgenAkñúgPaBCaGñkman

ktBaØ Ú )anRtLb;eTAkan;sIlvtInKr edIm,IsgRBHKuNRBHraCa Gñk

man]bkar³dl;xøÜn eTIbsEmþgFm’dl;RBHraCa )anRbkassc©³TaMg

Lay . kñúevlacb;sc©³ RBHraCak¾)anCaRBHesatabnñ [sagviharFM


eQµaHfa suTsSn³ kñúgRBHnKrrbs;RBHGgÁ fVaydl;RBHefr³ .

RBHefr³)anCaGñkmanlaPskáar³y:agFM .

RBHefr³)anbeg¥anfVayvihar niglaPskáar³TaMgGs;dl;sgÇ

¬cMENk¦ xø ÜnÉg Rtac;biNÐ)at júaMgGtþPaB[RbRBwtþeTA dUcedIm

GaRs½yenAkñúgsIlvtInKrenaH 2-3 éf¶ manbMNgnwgRtLb;eTAkan;

RkúgsavtßI .

PikçúTaMgLayeBalfa {elakd¾ceRmIn nimnþelakenAkñúgTIenH

cuH ebIRtÚvkaredaybc©½y BYkńwgrkbc©½yenaHmk[RKb;cMnYn} . RBH

efr³kalnwgR)ab;[dwgfa {GñkmanGayuTaMgLay eyIgminmanesckþI

RtÚvkaredaybc©½yeRcIneLIy eyIgjúaMgGtþPaB[RbRBwtþeTAtamman

tam)an manesckþIeBjcitþedayrsRBHFm’Etmü:agb:ueNÑaH} eTIb)an

eBalKafafa

eyIgminmanesckþIRtÚvkaredaylaP KW Gamis

nu+HeT ´manesckþIsuxlµmehIy CaGñkEq¥tehIyeday

rsRBHFmµ luH)anpwkrsd¾RbesIréføføadUecñHehIy k¾

-345- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 11 Bn§ úrefrKafaTI 3

nwgmineFV IesckþIsñiT §sñaledayrsdéTeTot .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa nahM Éetn Gtißeka ¬eyIgminman

esckþIRtÚvkaredaylaP KW GamisenaH¦ esckþIfa elakTaMgLay

manbMNg[eyIgsáb;sál; eRtkGredayGamisNa eTIbeBalfa

{BYkńwgeFV Ibc© ½y[bribUN’} eyIgminmanesckþIRtÚvkaredaylaP

KW GamisenH EdlmanGamis KW bc©½yCars eyIgKitfa {eyIgmin

manesckþIRtÚvkaredaylaP KW GamisenH ¬eRBaH¦ esckþIsenþas

Casuxd¾éRkElg} dUecñH eTIbjúaMgGtþPaB[RbRBwtþeTAedaybc©½y

tammantam)an . \LÚvenH RBHefr³kalnwgRbkasehtuEdlCa

eKal kñúgesckþIminRtÚvkaredaylaP KW GamisenaH eTIbeBalfa

eyIgmanesckþIsuxlµmehIy CaGñksáb;sál;ehIyedayrsRBHFm’ .

GFib,ayfa eyIgEq¥tsáb;sál;ehIy KW eRtkGrehIy KW dl;nUv

esckþIsux )andl; manesckþIeBjcitþedaymansuxéRkElg eday

rséneBaFibkçiyFm’ 37 Rbkar nigedayrsénelakutþrFm’ 9 .

bTfa bitVa rsKÁmutþmM ¬luH)anpwkrsd¾RbesIrdUecñHehIy¦


esckþIfa pwkrsénRBHFm’d¾]tþmCagrsénbc©½yenaH² Ég tamEdl

elakeBalTukehIyfa RbesIr KW RbesIrbMput kñúgrsTaMgBYgb:ueNÑaH

taMgenAehIy . smdUcRBHmanRBHPaKRtas;Tukfa {rsénRBHFm’

rEmgQñHGs;rsTaMgBYg} dUecñH .

bTfa n c kahami vesn snßvM ¬k¾nwgmineFV IesckþIsñiT §

sñaledayrsdéTeTot¦ esckþIfa karpwkrsRBHFm’ EdlCarsd¾

RbesIrEbbenH taMgenAehIy nwgmineFV IesckþIsñiT§sñal KW kar

RclUkRcLMedayrsdéT KW rsEdlCaBis dUcCafñaMBis GFib,ay

fa minmanehtu[RtÚveFV Iy:agenaH .

cb;Gdækfa Bn§úrefrKafaTI 3

3

-347- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 11 xitkefrKafaTI 4

Gdðkza xitkezrKazaTI 4

[105] lhueka vt em kaeya

pued æa c bItisuexn vibueln

tulmiv ÉritM maluetn bilvtiv em kaeyati .

»hñ+ kayrbs;´Rsal kal´RtÚvbIti nigsuxd¾TUlay

Bal;RtÚvehIy kayrbs;´ rEmgGENþteLIg)an dUc

b:uyEdlebuIgedayxül; .

RBHxitketßr .

Kafarbs;RBHxitketßr manBaküepþImfa kayrbs;eyIgCakay

Rsalhñ+ . erOgekIteLIgdUcemþc?


mun² snSMbuNüTukkñ úgPBenaH² kñúgkalénRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnam

fa bTumutþr³¬1¦ ekItCaesnabtIykS éf¶mYy GgÁúyenAkñúgsmaKmykS

eXIjRBHsasþaRbfab;enAeRkamedImeQImYyedIm eTIbcUleTAKal;

1¦ kñ úgbidk {GbTan CaRBHbTum³} Gdækfa RBHbTumutþr³ .


fVaybgÁMRBHmanRBHPaK ehIyGgÁúykñúgTIsmKYrmYy . RBHsasþaRTg;

sEmþgFm’dl;eK . eKsþab;Fm’ehIy kalnwgRbkasnUvbIti nig

esamnsSd¾]Lar eTIbTHéd eRkakeLIgfVaybgÁMRBHsasþa eFVIRbT-

kSiN ehIyecosecjeTA .

edaybuBaØkmµenaH eKk¾GenÞaleTAEtkñ úgeTvta nigmnusSTaMg

Lay kñúgBuTú§b,aTkalenH mkekItkñúgRtkUlRBahµN_ kñúgRkugsavtßI

mannamfa xitk³ . kaldwgkþIehIy RCabfa RBHmhaemaKÁløan

CaGñkmanbJT§ ×eRcIn Kitfa eyIgKYrCaGñkdUcRBHefr³enH edaybuBV-

ehtudas;etOnehIy k¾bYs eronkmµdæankñúgsmñak;rbs;RBHmanRBHPaK

bMeBjkic©kñ úgsmf³ nigvibsSnaTaMgLay )anseRmcGPiBaØa 6

kñúgevlaminyUr .


RBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa bTumutþr³ RTg;CaFM

CagRbCa RbesIrCanrCn RTg;manRBHckçú esþcyag

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx TMB½r ¦ Ca RBHsu)aricr iyetßr .


ecjGMBIéRBFMehIy RTg;sEmþgFm’ .

kñúgxN³enaHmankarRbCuMeTvta kñúgTIminq¶ay

GMBIRBHmanRBHPaK eTvtaTaMgLaymkRbCuMK ñaeday

kic©NanImYy eyIg)aneXIjy:agCak;c,as; .

eyIg)anB¤RBHsUresog EdlRTg;sEmþgGmt-

Fm’rbs;RBHBuT§ mancitþRCHføa mancitþesamnsS

eTIbTHéd cUleTARbNib½tn_ .

eyIgeXIjplénkarRbtibtþ i kñúgRBHsasþa

EdleyIgRbRBwtþl¥ehIy kñúg 30>000 kb, eyIg

minEdlsÁal;TuKÁtieLIy .

kñúgkb,TI 2>900 eyIg)anCaesþccRkBtþi

RTg;RBHnamfa smlgát³ RTg;bribUN’edayEkv 7

Rbkar manBlanuPaBeRcIn .




RBHefr³kalseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy taMgenAedayeRbI\T§iviFI

eRcIny:ag eFV Ikarse®gÁaHstVeday\T§ib,adiharü nigedayGnusa-

snI)adiharü eRBaHelakCMnajkñúgbJT§ ×TaMgLayCaBiess . kal

Pikç úTaMgLaysYrfa {elakmanGayu elakeRbI\T§ ibJT§ ×)andUcemþc?}

kalelaknwgR)ab;esckþIenaH eTIb)aneBalKafafa

kayrbs;eyIgCakayRsalhñ+ EdlbIti nig

suxd¾TUlayBal;RtÚvehIy eTIbGENþt)andUcCab:uy

EdlRtÚvxül;bk;eTA dUecñaH .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa lhueka vt em kaeya ¬kayrbs;

eyIgCakayRsalhñ+¦ manGFib,ayfa rUbkayrbs;eyIg eQµaHfa

RsalBithñ+ eRBaHTUnµancitþ 14 viFI)an edaykarRKbsgát;kiels

mannIvrN³CaedIm nigeRBaHPaBCMnaj EdleyIgGb;rMmkl¥ehIy

edaykarceRmIn\T§i)aT 4 edayviFIpøas;bþÚrkrCkay Edl)aneQµaH

fa mhaPUtrUbCabc©½yenH edayGMNaccitþ .

bTfa pued æa c bItisuexn vibueln ¬EdlbIti nigsuxd¾FM


TUlayBal;RtÚvehIy¦ RbkbesckþIfa k¾ragkayrbs;eyIg Edl

esckþIsuxRbkbedaybItid¾»LaréRkElg pSayTUTaMgragkay Bal;

RtÚvehIy . k¾BaküenH elakeBalTukedIm,IsEmþgehtuEdleFVI[

kayRsal)an . GFib,ayfa karQancuHkan;karrBJkfa kayRsal

rEmgmanRBmCamYykarQancuHkan;karrBJkfa manesckþIsux . k¾

kñúgGFikarenH Kb,IRCabkarpSayeTAénesckþIsux edayGMNacénrUb

EdlCasmudæanénkarQancuHkan;karrBJkdwgfa kayRsalenaH .

ebImanBaküsYrfa k¾buKÁlEdlRBmeRBógedayctutßCÄan nwg

mankarpSaybIti suxeTA)andUcemþc eRBaHfa ctutßCÄanenaH manbIti

nigsuxs¶b;rm¶ab;ehIyminEmnb¤? eqøIyfa esckþIenaHCakarBit Et

karpSayeTAénbIti nigsuxenH elakmin)aneBalTukedayGMNac

énxN³ctutßCÄaneT edayBit elakeBalTukedayGMNacénbuBV-

PaKb:ueNÑaH . k¾bTfa bItisuexn )andl; esckþIsuxEdlRsedóg

nwgsuxRbkbedaybIti . GFib,ayfa kñúgTIenH ]ebkça elakbMNg

ykfaCasux eRBaHmansPaBEdls¶b; nigeRBaHRbkbeTAedayjaN


Biess . smdUcelakeBalTukfa {RBHGriybuKÁlQancuHkan;

suxsBaØa niglhusBaØa} . kñúgesckþIenaH manGFib,aydUecñHfa

RBHGriybuKÁlrEmgQancuH KW rEmgcUleTAsmö½sS )andl; dl;RBm

nUvsuxsBaØa niglhusBaØa EdlekItRBmCamYy\T§icitþ Edlman

QanCa)aT CaGarmµN_ b¤manrUbkayCaGarmµN_ .

nigsmdUcEdlelakeBalTukkñúgGdækfafa sBaØaEdlsm,-

yutþeday]ebkça eQµaHfa suxsBaØa eRBaHfa ]ebkça elakeBal

fa CasuxEdls¶b;ehIy sBaØaenaHÉg Kb,IRCabfa eQµaHfa lhu-

sBaØa eRBaHputehIycaknIvrN³TaMgLay nigcakFm’EdlCasRtÚv

manvitká³CaedIm . k¾sUm,IkrCkayrbs;RBHGriybuKÁl GñkQancuH

kan;sBaØaenaH rEmgCakrCkayRsaldUcb:uy ¬sMLI¦ RBHGriybuKÁl

rEmgeTAkan;RBhµelak edaykay EdlR)akdfaRsalBit dUcb:uy

EdlGENþteTAtamkmøaMgxül;y:agenH . eRBaHehtuenaH RBHefr³

eTIbeBalfa kayrbs;eyIg>>> eTIbGENþt)andUcb:uyEdlRtÚvxül;

bk;eTA dUecñaH . KafaenaHmanesckþIfa kñúgevlaNa eyIgmanbMNg


nwgeTAkan;RBhµelak b¤elakdéTedaybJT§× kñúgevlaenaH kayrbs;

eyIgk¾nwgGENþteLIgkan;GakasmYyrMeBc dUcb:uyd¾viciRt Edlxül;

KW vaeyapat;eTAdUecñaH .

cb;Gdækfa xitkefrKafaTI 4

3


Gdðkza mlitvmÖezrKazaTI 5

[106] »káNæi ietabi n ves rmmaenabi bkáem

n etVvantßshitM ves vasM vickçeNati .

buKÁlGñkQøasév e T a H bI G pSú k r E m g mi n e n A ¬kñúg Gavas Edlminsb,ay¦ sU m,I k a l e Rt k G r k¾ e co s

ecj minKb,IenARKb;RKglMenA EdlRbkbedayGMeBI

minCaRbeyaCn_eT .

RBHmlitvmÖetßr .

Kafarbs;RBHmlitvmÖetßr manBaküepþ Imfa sUm,IeyIgekIt

esckþIGpSúkeLIgkñ úgTINa . erOgekIteLIgdUcemþc?

)anB¤fa RBHefr³enH)anekItCabkSIRtg;RsHFmµCatimYykEnøg

minq¶ayGMBIéRBhimBanþ kñúgkalrbs;RBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa bTu-

mutþr³ . RBHmanRBHPaKbTumutþr³ kalnwgRTg;GnueRKaHbkSIenaH eTIb

esþcyageTARtg;RsHenaH esþcc®gámRtg;mat;RsHFmµCati . bkSI

eXIjRBHmanRBHPaK mancitþRCHføa )anBaMykpáaQUkskñúgRsHeTA

-355- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 11 mlitvmÖefrKafaTI 5

bUCaRBHmanRBHPaK .

edaybuBaØkmµenaH elakGenÞaleTAkñúgeTvta nigmnusSTaMg

Lay kñúgBuTú§b,aTkalenH ekItCabutþrbs;RBahµN_mñak; kñúgkurukcänKr

mannamfa mlitvmÖ³ . evladwgkþIehIy cUleTArkRBHbcäaPUmhaetßr

sþab;Fm’kñúgsmñak;rbs;RBHefr³ mansT§a bYsehIy ceRmInvibsSna .

k¾RBHefr³enaHmansPaBy:agenH KW kñ úgTINaePaCnCaTIsb,ayrk

)anlM)ak bc©½yeRkAGMBIenHrk)angay elakminecosecjeTAGMBI

TIenaH EtkñúgTINa rkePaCnCaTIsb,ayrk)angay bc©½yeRkAGMBI

enHrk)angay elaknwgminenAkñ úgTIenaH nwgecosecjeTAmYyrMeBc

k¾kalelakenAy:agenH ceRmInvibsSnaehIy k¾)anseRmcRBHGrhtþ

kñ úgevlaminyUr eRBaHelakCaGñkbribUN’edayehtu nigeRBaHelak

CaGñkmanCatiénmhaburs .


enAkñ úgTICitPñ MhimBanþ manRsHFMekItÉgmYy

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 86¦ Ca RBHkumuTTayketßr .


kEnøg edrdaseTAedaypáabTum nigpáa]b,l rIksÁúH

sÁayedaypáabuNÐrik³ .

kñúgkalenaH eyIgCabkSI eQµaHfa kukáúd³

GaRs½yenACitRsHenaH CastVmansIl sm,Úreday

vtþ Qøasévkñ úgbuNü nig)ab .

RBHmhamunI RBHnamfa bTumutþr³ RTg;dwg

c,as;nUvelak RTg;KYrTTYleRKÓgbUCa esþcsBa©r

eTAkñ úgTIminq¶ayGMBIRsHenaH .

eyIgkac;páaekamuTEdlekItkñúgTwk beg¥anfVay

cMeBaHRBHGgÁ GñkEsVgrkKuNd¾FMéRkElg RBHmha

munIRTg;RCabesckþIRtiHriHrbs;eyIg eTIbRTg;TTYl .

eyIgfVayTanenaH nigEdlkuslmUldas;

etOnehIy eyIgmin)ancUldl;TuKÁtieLIy Gs;Esn

énkb, .


-3 57- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 11 mlitvmÖefrKafaTI 5

esþccRkBtþi 8 dg RTg;RBHnamfa vruN³ manB-

lanuPaBeRcIn .



RBHefr³luHseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy BicarNavtþbdibtþ irbs;

xøÜn kalnwgbnøW]Tan )aneBalKafafa

sUm,IeyIgekItesckþIGpSúkkñúgTINa eyIgnwg

mineKcecj nwgenAkñúgTIenaH sUm,IeyIgeRtkGr k¾

mineKcecj EteyIgeXIjfa karenAkñúgTINaminman

esckþIv inas eyIgk¾enAkñúgTIenaH .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa ]káNæietabi n ves ¬sUm,IeyIg

ekItesckþIenOyNayeLIgkñ úgTINa eyIgnwgmineKcecjeTA nwg

enAkñ úgTIenaH¦ esckþIfa esckþIenOyNay KW esckþImineRtkGr

éRkElgkñúgkuslFm’TaMgLay eRBaHmin)anePaCnCaTIsb,ay ekIt

dl;eyIgenAkñúgGavasNa sUm,IeyIgnwgenOyNay k¾nwgenAkñúgGavas


enaHEtmü:ag KW nwgmineKc )andl; minecosecjeTA eRBaHkar)an

bc©½ydéTCasb,ay .

kñúgbTfa n ves enH Kb,Iyk n GkSrmkP¢ab;CamYyBakü

fa bkáem pg .

bTfa rmmaenabi bkáem ¬sUm,IeyIgeRtkGr k¾nwgeKcecj

eTA¦ esckþIfa cMENkesckþIenOyNay rEmgminmandl;eyIgenA

kñ úgGavasNa eRBaHminmankarxVHxatbc©½y eyIgeRtkGréRkElg

kñúgGavasenaHedayBit sUm,IeyIgnwgeRtkGréRkElgehIyy:agenH

k¾nwgeKcecjcakGavasenaH KW minKb,IenA eRBaHmin)anbc©½yCaTI

sb,ayd¾ess . kaleyIgbdibtþiy:agenHÉg k¾)anseRmcenA

RbeyaCn_xøÜnkñúgevlaminyUreLIy . k¾kñúgTIenH KafaenHCakarRbkb

esckþIkñ úgkarBicarNavtþbdibtþ irbs;xø Ün . cMENkkar[»vaTdl;

GñkdéT Kb,IRbkbesckþIedaykarsagRbeyaKfa RtÚvenA KW min

ecosecjeTA .

bTfa n etVvantßshitM ves vasM vickçeNa ¬EteyIgeXIj

-359- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 11 mlitvmÖefrKafaTI 5

fa karenAkñúgTINaminmanesckþIvinas eyIgnwgenAkñúgTIenaH¦ esckþI

fa GñkmanbBaØaeXIjRbckS KW GñkmanCatiénviBaØ ÚCn bMNgnwg

bMeBjRbeyaCn_xøÜn[bribUN’ k¾minKb,IenAkñúgGavasEdlRbkbeday

vtßúminCaRbeyaCn_ kñúgRBHFmµvin½yenH manGFib,ayfa kñúgGavas

Namanbc©½yrk)angay ¬Et¦ smNFm’rEmgmindl;PaBbribUN’

nigkñúgGavasNa manbc©½yrk)anlM)ak sUm,IsmNFm’k¾mindl;

nUvPaBbribUN’ GavasEbbenH eQµaHfa RbkbedayvtßúminCaRbeyaCn_

KW RbkbeTAedaykarminceRmInlUtlas;kñ úgFmµvin½yenH . Etkñúg

TINa Pikçú)anGavasRbkbedayGgÁ 5 )ansb,ay³TaMg 7¬1¦ pg

Kb,IenAkñ úgGavasenaHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa mlitvmÖefrKafaTI 5 3

1¦ GavasCaTIsb,ay 5 y:ag enAminq¶ayeBk CiteBk BITIeKacrRKam 1/ eBléf¶min RcLÚkRcLM 1/ eBlyb;s¶at;sMeLg 1/ R)ascaksmösSre)am mUs xül; nigBs;tUc Bs;FM 1/ cIvr biNÐ)at esnasn³ Kiløanb,c©½y rEmg)anRsÜlkñúgGavasenaH 1/ manRBHefr³CaBhusSÚt RTRTg;Fm’vin½yenAkñúgGavasenaH 1 . 2¦ sb,ay 7 y:ag KW Gavas 1/ eKacr 1/ kfavtßú 1/ buKÁl 1/ ePaCn 1/ rdUv 1 nig\riyabf 1 . cak Km<IrvisuT§imKÁ smaFinieTÞs .


Gdðkza suehmnþezrKazaTI 6

[107] stligÁsS GtßsS stlkçNFariena

ÉkgÁTsSw TuemµeFa stTsSI c bNÐietati .

GtßmanGaf’kM)aMgeRcIn RTRTg;lkçN³d¾eRcIn Cn\t

R)aCJa eXIjGgÁénGtßEtmYy cMENkbNÐitCaGñkeXIj

Gtßd¾eRcIn .

RBHsuehmnþetßr .

Kafarbs;RBHsuehmnþetßr epþImfa Cnl¶g;exøAeXIjGtßEdl

mann½yTaMgry . erOgekIteLIgdUcemþc?



kñúgkalénRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa tisS³ kñúgkb,TI 92 GMBIPTÞ-

kb,enH CaRBanéRBenAkñúgéRB . RBHmanRBHPaKesþcyagcUleTA

kan;éRBedIm,InwgRTg;GnueRKaHeK eTIbRbfab;Kg;Rtg;Kl;eQImYykEnøg

kñ úgTIminq¶ayGMBIRBanéRBenaH . eKeXIjRBHmanRBHPaKehIy man

-361- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 11 suehmnþefrKafaTI 6

citþRCHføa )ankac;páabusSnaKEdlmankøinRkGUb mkbUCaRBHmanRBH

PaK .

edaybuBaØkmµenaH eK)aneTAekItkñúgeTvelak eFVIbuNüt² mk

Rtac;rgÁat;eTAmkkñúgeTvta nigmnusSTaMgLay kñúgBuT§ úb,aTkalenH

mkekItCabutþrbs;RBahµN_ CaGñksm,Úredaysm,tþi kñúgCayEdn

mannamfa suehmnþ³ . eBldwgkþIehIy cUleTAKal;RBHmanRBHPaK

dl;TIRbfab;kñúgmiKTayv½n kñúgsgásSnKr sþab;Fm’ehIy mansT§a

bYsehIy CaGñkRTRTg;RBHéRtbidk epþImceRmInvibsSna k¾)anCaGñk

manGPiBaØa 6 EbkFøaykñúgbdismÖiTa kñ úgevlaminyUr .


eyIgCanayRBan cUleTAkan;éRBFM )aneXIj

páabusSnaKkMBugrIk eTIbrBJkdl;RBHBuT§ RTg;RbesIr

bMput .

)aneRCIserIskac;páabusSnaKenaH ykEtpáa

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 85¦ Ca RBHbun ñaKbubö iyetßr .


EdlmankøinRkGUb s¥at ehIyeFV ICaRBHsþÚbelIpñ Úk

xSac; bUCaRBHBuT§ .

kñ úgkb,TI 92 GMBIPTÞkb,enH eyIg)anbUCa



kñúgkb,TI 91 GMBIPTÞkbk,enH eyIg)anCa

esþccRkBtþimYyGgÁ RBHnamfa temanuT³ RTg;bri-

bUN’ehIyedayEkv 7 Rbkar manBlanuPaBeRcIn .


TUnµanrbs;RBHBuT§eyIgeFV IeRscehIy .

RBHefr³luHseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy Kity:agenHfa {kic©énbBV-

CitNa eyIgCasavkKb,IseRmckic©énbBVCitenaH eyIg)anseRmc

ehIyedaylMdab; ebIdUecñaH kñúgkal\LÚvenH eyIgKb,IeFVIkarGnueRKaH

Pikç úTaMgLay} RKaKity:agenHehIy eRBaHPaBEdlelakCaGñkEbk

FøaykñúgbdismÖiTa nigeRBaHelakCaGñkminx¢ilRcGUs eTIbGb;rMTUnµan


kat;enAesckþIsgS½y sEmþgFm’ R)ab;kmµdæandl;PikçúTaMgLayEdl

cUleTArkelak eFVI[Cak;c,as; Gs;nUvesckþIsgS½y . kñúgéf¶mYy

kalnwgR)ab;KuNviessdl;Pikçú nigbuKÁlEdlCaviBaØ ÚCn GñkcUleTA

rkelak eTIb)aneBalKafafa

buKÁll¶g;exøA eXIjGtßEdlmann½yeRcInTaMg

ry RTRTg;TuknUvlkçN³TaMgry fa mann½y nig

lkçN³RtwmEtmYyb:ueNÑaH cMENkbNÐitrEmgeXIj

Gtß)anTaMgryy:ag .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa stligÁsS ¬manGtßTaMgry¦ esckþI

fa sPavFm’ eQµaHfa ligÁ³ ¬kñúgKafaminmanBaküERb¦ eRBaHsUm,IGtß

EdlkM)aMg )andl; nimitþrbs;sBÞEdlRbRBwtþeTAkñ úgGtßTaMgLay

¬Gtßrbs;rUbsBÞ¦ k¾nimitþTaMgenaHeQµaHfa stligÁ³ eRBaHmanGaf’kM)aMg

eRcInry . GFib,ayfa st sBÞ kñ úgTIenHCaGenktß³ ¬mann½y

eRcIn¦ minEmnR)ab;esckþIepSgKñakñ úgcMnYnrab; dUckñúgRbeyaKCaedIm

fa stM ¬ry¦ shsSM ¬Ban;¦ . nUvGtßEdlkM)aMgTaMgryenaH .


bTfa GtßsS ¬Gtß¦ )andl; ejyüFm’ k¾ejyüFm’ elak

ehAfa xøwmsar ¬Gtß¦ eRBaHKb,Idwgc,as;)anedayjaN . k¾GtßenaH

sUm,IGtßEtmYy k¾mann½yminEmntic dUcsBÞfa sekáa burinÞeTa mXva

nigsBÞfa bBaØa viC¢a emFa jaNM . ská sBÞ CaedIm kñúgbTfa

sekáa burinÞeTa mXva enaH min)anmann½ytam \nÞ³ sBÞ EdlERb

fa GñkCaFMkñ úgtavtþ igS eRBaHmann½ykM)aMg KW mann½ycg¥úlR)ab;

dUcKñanwgBaküfa viC¢a CaedIm min)anR)ab;n½ydUcnwgBaküfa bBaØa

EdleRbIkñúgn½yfa eXIjRtÚv . ¬KW elakbMNgnwgR)ab;fa BaküxøH

TaMgn½yRtg; nigTaMgn½ykM)aMg Baküfa stligÁ³ mann½ykM)aMg

{GñkERb}¦ dUecñaH RBHefr³eTIbeBalfa GtßEdlmann½yTaMgry .

bTfa stlkçNFariena ¬RTRTg;TuknUvlkçN³TaMgry¦ man

n½yfa manlkçN³minEmntic . eQµaHfa lkçN³ eRBaHCaeRKÓg

kMNt; . )andl; sPaBénGtßEdlCatYbc©½y ¬køaymk¦ Cabc©½y

EdlGaRs½yplrbs;xøÜnmaneLIg eRBaHedaylkçN³ ¬EdleBal¦

enaH GtßeTIbkMNt;)anfa GtßenHCaehturbs;GtßenH . nigGtßEtmYy


rEmgmanGtßeRcIny:ag . eRBaHehtuenaH RBHefr³eTIbeBalfa RTRTg;

TuknUvlkçN³TaMgry . mü:ageTot eQµaHfa lkçN³ eRBaHEdl

elakkMNt; )andl; esckþIRtg;RbkarenaH² manrUbsBÞepSgeTA

dUcCa sgçtta CaedIm . EtrUbsBÞTaMgenaH edayGtßKb,IRCabfa

mann½yminepSgKña . k¾ÉrUbsBÞTaMgenaH elakehAfa ligÁ³ eRBaH

vieRKaHfa eFV I[dwg KW [yl;dl;samBaØlkçN³ mankarmineTog

CaedIménsgçtFm’TaMgenaH . esckþIRbkarenaHmanGakardUceBal

mkenH eRBaHehtuRtg;RbkardUcKñaEtmann½yeRcIny:ag eRBaHehtu

enaH RBHefr³eTIbeBalfa ¬buKÁll¶g;exøAeXIjGtß¦ EdlmanGtß

TaMgry RTRTg;TuknUvlkçN³TaMgry . smdUcRBHFmµesnabtIeBal

Tukfa {Fm’TaMgLayTaMgBYg rEmgmkkan;Knøgmux KW jaN rbs;

RBHmanRBHPaKEdlRTg;Rtas;dwgedayGakarRKb;y:ag} .

bTfa ÉkgÁTsSI TuemµeFa ¬famanGtß niglkçN³RtwmEtmYy

b:ueNÑaH¦ esckþIfa kalebIGtßEdlmann½yminEmntic manlkçN³

CaGenkdUecñHmanehIy buKÁlNamanRbRktIeXIj)anRtwmEtmYy eRBaH


manbBaØaminTUlMTUlay KW eXIjfa manGtßRtwmEtmYy nigman

lkçN³RtwmEtmYy nigRbkan;eCOkñúgvtß úEdlxøÜneXIjehIybu :eNÑaH

fa {vtßúenHb: ueNÑaHBit} bdiesFvtßúeRkAGMBIenHfa {vtßúdéTCaemaX³}

buKÁlenaHeQµaHfa CabuKÁll¶g;exøA KW manbBaØaefakfy nwgkan;

yk)anRtwmEtmYy eRBaHmindwgrUbsBÞEdlepSgKña EdlmanenAkñúg

GtßenaHÉg nigeRBaHRbkan;eCOxus² ]bmadUcbuKÁlxVak;EPñksÞabdMrI

dUecñaH .

bTfa stTsSI c bNÐieta ¬cMENkbNÐitrEmgeXIjGtß

)anTaMgry¦ esckþIfa cMENkbNÐitrEmgeXIjRbkarTaMgLaymin

Emntic EdlmanenAkñúgesckþIenaH edayRbkarTaMgBYg edaybBaØa

ckçúrbs;xø Ün . mü:ageTot buKÁlNadwgGtßCaGenk EdlnwgKb,Irk

)ankñúgGtßenaH edaybBaØackçúrbs;xøÜnÉgpg TaMgsEmþg nigRbkas

dl;buKÁlBYkdéT)aneTotpg buKÁlenaHCabNÐit KW eQµaHfa Ca

GñkmanbBaØaeXIjRbckS QøaskñúgGtßTaMgLay .

RBHefr³júaMgsm,tþ i KW bdismÖiTajaNd¾kMBUlrbs;xø Ün [


R)akdc,as;dl;Pikç úTaMgLay edayRbkardUecñH .

cb;Gdækfa suehmnþefrKafaTI 6

3


Gdðkza ZmµsvezrKazaTI 7‘1’

[108] bBVCw tulyitVan GKarsµa GnKariyM


´rMBwgeXIjehIy eTIbecjcakpÞH cUlkan;pñÜs éRt-

viC¢a´)anehIy BuT§sasna ´k¾)aneFVIehIy .

RBHFmµsMvretßr .

Kafarbs;RBHFmµsMvretßr epþImfa eyIg)anBicarNaehIy

eTIbecjbYsCabBVCit . erOgekIteLIgdUcemþc?

)anB¤fa RBHefr³enHCaRBahµN_ namfa suvcä³ kñúgkalRBH

manRBHPaKRBHnamfa bTumutþr³ eroncb;éRtevTehIy eXIjeTaskñúg

karRKb;RKgpÞH eTIbecjbYsCatabs [eKsagGaRsmTukkñúgjkPñM

Rtg;CayéRB enArYmCamYytabsCaeRcIn .

lMdab;enaH RBHmanRBHPaK manRBHbMNgnwgRTg;bNþúHBUC

KW kusldl;eK eTIb ¬esþcyageTA¦ Rbfab;QrkñúgGakas Cit

1¦ bidk = RBHFmµsMvretßr .

-369- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 11 FmµsvefrKafaTI 7

GaRsm ehIyRTg;sEmþg\T§ i)adiharü . suvcätabseXIj\T§i)a-

diharüenaH CaGñkmancitþRCHføa R)afñanwgbUCa eTIbkac;ykpáaxÞwg ¬mk

fVay¦ . RBHsasþaRTg;RBHtRmiHfa {BUC KW kuslmanRbmaNb:ueNÑH

lµmehIysRmab;tabsenH} ehIyesþccakecjeTA . RBHtabs

kac;páaeQImkeraytampøÚv EdlRBHsasþaesþcyageTA ehIyjúaMg

citþ[RCHføa QrpÁgGBa¢lI .

edaybuBaØkmµenaH eKeTAekItkñ úgeTvelak GenÞaleTAmkenA

kñúgsuKtiPBb:ueNÑaH kñúgBuT§ úb,aTkalenH mkekItkñúgRtkUlRBahµN_

kñúgEdnmKF³ mannamfa Fmµsv³ evladwgkþIehIy Edlehtusm,tþi

das;etOnehIy eXIjeTaskñúgkarRKb;RKgpÞH nigGanisgSkñúgbBVC¢a

eTIbcUleTAKal;RBHmanRBHPaK EdlRTg;Rbfab;enAkñúgTkçiNaKirICnbT

sþab;Fm’ehIy )anCaGñkmansT§a bBVC¢aehIyceRmInvibsSna k¾)an

seRmcRBHGrhtþkñúgkalminyUr .


1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 84¦ Ca RBHnaKbubö iyetßr .


eyIgCaRBahµN_ mannamfa suvcä³ CaGñk

eroncb;mnþ EhhmedaysisSrbs;xøÜn GaRs½yenA

Rtg;cenøaHPñ M .

RBHCinRsIRBHnamfa bTumutþr³ RTg;smKYr

TTYleRKÓgbUCa RBHGgÁRTg;bMNgnwgdk ¬CYydl;¦

eyIg eTIbesþcyagmkkan;smñak;rbs;eyIg .

esþcc®gámenAelIGakas dUcRbTIbkM:BugeqH

dUecñaH RTg;RCabfa eyIgeRtkGrehIy RTg;EbrRBH

P®kþRtLb;eTAkan;TisxagekIt .

eyIg)aneXIjesckþIGs©arüEdlminFøab;eXIj

enaHehIy k¾ekItkarRBWeram )ankac;ykpáaxÞ wgeTA

eraycuHRtg;pø ÚvesþcyageTA .


eraypáaeQINa edaycitþEdlRCHføaenaH eyIgmin

EdlcUldl;TuKÁtieLIy .



esþccRkBtþi RTg;RBHnamfa mharf³ RTg;bribUN’




RBHefr³seRmcRBHGrhtþehIy BicarNadl;vtþbdibtþirbs;

xøÜn ekItesckþIesamnsS eTIb)aneBalKafaCa]Tanfa

eyIg)anBicarNaehIy eTIbecjbYsCabBV-

Cit eyIg)anseRmcviC¢a 3 ehIy BaküTUnµanrbs;

RBHBuT§ eyIgeFV IeRscehIy .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa bBVCw tulyitVan ¬BicarNaehIy

eTIbecjbYsCabBVCit¦ esckþIfa BicarNa KW RtiHriHdl;eTaskñúg

Xravas edayn½yCaedImfa {karenARKb;RKgpÞHceg¥ót CapøÚvhUrmk

énFUlI} )andl; BicarNaeTaskñúgkamTaMgLay edayn½yCaedImfa

{kamTaMgLaymanesckþIeRtkGrtic manTukçeRcIn manesckþIceg¥ót


cg¥l;eRcIn} nigGanisgSkñúgkarecjbYs edaypÞúyKñaCamYyeTas

kñúgkamenaH edaybBaØaEdldUcCaCBa¢ Ig .

Baküd¾essmann½ydUceBalehIyGMBImunTaMgGs; . k¾Bakü

CaKafaenHÉg )anCakarBüakrN_RBHGrhtþplrbs;RBHefr³ dUecñH .

cb;Gdækfa FmµsvefrKafaTI 7

3


Gdðkza ZmµsvbituezrKazaTI 8‘1’

[109] s vI sM v s S s ti e k a bBVCw GnKariyM


´manGayuRbkbedayqña M 120 eTIbecjcakpÞH cUl

kan;pñÜs éRtviC¢a´)anehIy BuT§sasna ´)aneFVIehIy .

RBHFmµsdbituetßr .

Kafarbs;RBHFmµsvbituetßr manBaküepþ Imfa eyIgmanGayu

120 qña M . erOgekIteLIgdUcemþc?

sUm,IRBHefr³ k¾CaGñkmanGFikar)aneFVITukehIykñúgRBHBuT§GgÁ

mun² kalelaksUnücakRBHBuT§ ¬suBaØkb,¦ ekItkñ úgpÞHmanRtkUl

luHdwgkþIehIy eXIjRBHbec©kBuT§ enAxagelIPñMeQµaH PUtKN³ man

citþRCHføa )aneFVIkarbUCaedaypáamø iHrYt .

edaybuBaØkmµenaH eKk¾eTAekItkñúgeTvelak GenÞaleTAmkenA

kñúgsuKtiPBb:ueNÑaH kñúgBuT§úb,aTkalenH mkekItkñúgRtkUlRBahµN_

1¦ bidk = RBHFmµsdbituetßr .


kñúgEdnmKF³ evladwgkþIehIy k¾manRKÜsar )anbutþeQµaHfa Fmµsv³

kalbutþbYsehIy xøÜnÉg ¬k¾dl;v½yCra¦ manGayu 120 qñaM ekIt

esckþIsMevKfa {butþrbs;eyIg bYsmunTaMgmanv½ykemøaH ehtuGV I

eyIgeTIbminbYshñ+} )aneTAkan;smñak;RBHsasþa sþab;Fm’ehIy k¾

bYs epþ ImceRmInvibsSna )aneFVI[Cak;c,as;nUvRBHGrhtþ kñúgevla

minyUr .


manPñMeQµaHfaPUtKN³ enAkñ úgTIminq¶ayGMBI

PñMhimBanþ RBHsymÖÚCinRsImYyGgÁ lHelakehIy

GaRs½yenARtg;Pñ MenaH .

eyIgkan;ykpáamøiHrYteTAbUCaRBHBuT§ eyIgmin

Føak;eTAkan;G)ay Gs; 90>000 kb, .


esþccRkBtþimYyGgÁ RTg;RBHnamfa FrNIruh³ RTg;


1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 83¦ Ca RBHtiNsUlketßr .


eyIgdutkielsTaMgLayehIy .l. BaküTUnµan

rbs;RBHBuT§ eyIgeFV IeRscehIy .

RBHefr³luHseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy BicarNavtþbdibtþ irbs;

xøÜn k¾ekIteesckþIesamnsS kalnwgbnøW]Tan )aneBalKafafa

eyIgmanGayu 120 qña M eTIb)anecjbYsCa

bBVCit seRmcviC¢a 3 ehIy BaküTUnµanrbs;RBHBuT§

eyIgeFV IeRscehIy .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa s vIsvsSstieka ¬eyIgmanGayu

120 qña M¦ esckþIfa eyIgmanGayu 120 qñaM KW eyIgenaHrab;taMg

GMBIekItmk manGayuRKb; 120 qñaM . bTfa bBVCw ¬ecjbYs¦

esckþIfa cUldl;karbBVC¢a . bTd¾essmann½ydUceBalehIyTaMg

Gs; .

k¾BaküCaKafaenHÉg )anCaBaküBüakrN_RBHGrhtþplrbs;

RBHefr³rUbenH .

cb;Gdækfa FmµsvbituefrKafaTI 8

3


Gdðkza sg¹rk¡itezrKazaTI 9

[110] n nUnayM brmhitanukm,iena

rehaKeta Gnuv iKeNti sasnM

tfa hyM vIhrti )akti®n Þieya

miKI yfa truNCatika venti .

Pikç úenHeRtkGr kñúgTIs¶at;ehIy EtERkgmineGIeBInwg

sasna rbs;RBHmanRBHPaK RBHGgÁCaGñkGnueRKaH

edayRbeyaCn_d¾éRkElgeTb¤ PikçúenHCaGñkman\®nÞiy

taMgenACaRbRktI enAkñ úgTIs¶at;dUecñaH dUcCaRmwKjI

RbkbedayCatienAekµg EdlenAkñ úgéRB .

RBHsgÇrkç itetßr .

Kafarbs;RBHsgÇrkç itetßr manBaküepþ Imfa Pikç úGñkenAkñúgTI

s¶at;enH . erOgekIteLIgdUcemþc?

RBHefr³GgÁenH k¾CaGñkmanGFikar)aneFV ITukehIykñúgRBHBuT§

GgÁmun ² snSMbuNüTukkñ úgPBenaH ² kñúgkb,TI 94 GMBIPTÞkb,enH

-377- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 11 sgÇrkç itefrKafaTI 9

ekItkñúgpÞHmanRtkUl evladwgkþIehIy éf¶mYy eXIjRBHbec©kBuT§ 7

GgÁ enARtg;eCIgPñM CaGñkmancitþesamnsS )ankac;páakÞm<eTAbUCa .

edaybuBaØkmµenaH eKk¾)aneTAekItkñúgeTvelak eFV IbuNüt²

mk )anRtac;rgÁat;Etkñ úgsuKtiPBb:ueNÑaH . kñúgBuT§ úb,aTkalenH

)anmkekItkñúgRtkUlsþúksþúmÖmYy kñúgRkúgsavtßI mannamfa sgÇ-

rkç it³ . kaleKGñkdwgkþ IehIy k¾mansT§aRCHføa bYsehIy eron

kmµdæan esBKb;CamYyPikçúmYyrYbCasmøaj; enAkñúgéRB . kñúgTImin

q¶ayGMBITIenArbs;RBHefr³ manemRmwKmYyk,al ekItkUnenARtg;Kum<

eQI enArkSakUnEdlenAtUc sUm,InwgRtÚvesckþIeRskXøanRKbsgát;

k¾mineTArksuIq¶ay eRBaHCab;CMBak;kñúgkUn nigRtÚvlM)ak eRBaHrkesµA

nigTwkkñ úgTICitmin)an . RBHefr³eXIjdUecñaH ekItesckþIsMevKfa

{»hñ+ stVelakenH EdleRKÓgcg KW tNðarYbrwtTuk rEmgesay

TukçxøaMg minGacnwgkat;eRKÓgcg KW tNðaenaH)an} eRbIehtukarN_

enaHÉg[CakegVr ceRmInvibsSna k¾seRmcRBHGrhtþehIy .



manPñMeQµaHfa kukáúd³ enAkñ úgTIminq¶ayGMBI

PñMhimBanþ RBHbec©kBuT§ 7 GgÁenARtg;eCIgPñMenaH .

eyIgeXIjedImkÞm<manpáarIk dUcRBHcnÞGENþt

enAelIépÞemX eTIbpÁgedayédTaMgBIr bUCacMeBaH

RBHbec©kBuT§Ta Mg 7 GgÁ .


RBHbec©kBuT§edaypáaeQINa eRBaHkarbUCaenaH eyIg

minEdlsÁal;TuKÁtieLIy enHCaplénkarbUCaRBH

bec©kBuT§ .


cRkBtþi 7 dg RTg;RBHnamfa bubö³ RTg;bribUN’




1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 72¦ Ca RBHkTm<bubö iyetßr .


RBHefr³ kalseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy dwgfa PikçúEdlCamitþ

rbs;xø Ün CaGñkenAeRcIneTAedaymicäavitká³ eTIbeFV IRmwKjIenaHÉg[

Ca]bma ehIyeBalKafafa

Pikç úGñkenAkñ úgTIs¶at;enH eXIjehIy minrBJk

dl;BaküTUnµanrbs;RBHsasþa EdlRTg;GnueRKaHstV

elakedayRbeyaCn_ d¾éRkElgedayBit eTIbmin

sRgÜm\®nÞ iy dUcCaRmwKjIkUnx© Ikñ úgéRBdUecñaH .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa n sBÞ kñ úgbTfa n nUnayM enH

Cani)atcuHkñ úgGtßfa bdiesF . bTfa nUn Cani)atcuHkñúgGtßfa

brivitká³ . kat;bTCa nUn GyM .

bTfa brmhitanukm,iena ¬RTg;CaGñkGnueRKaHstVelakeday

RbeyaCn_d¾éRkElg¦ esckþIfa RBHd¾manRBHPaK RTg;manRbRktI

GnueRKaHstVTaMgLayd¾kMBUl KW eRbóbpÞwmmin)an b¤edayRbeyaCn_

y:agéRkElg KW d¾]tþm . bTfa rehaKeta esµInwg rhsi Keta

¬enAkñ úgTIs¶at;¦ GFib,ayfa enAkñúgsuBaØaKar KW CaGñkRbkbeday


kayvievk .

kñúgbTfa GnuviKeNti enH RtÚvnaMyk 2 bTfa n nUn

mkP¢ab;Ca nanuv iKeNti nUn kan;ykesckþIfa eXIjehIyminKit

KW minBicarNafa nwgxVayxVl; .

bTfa sasnM ¬BaküTUnµan¦ esckþIfa BaküTUnµan KW vtþ-

bdibtþ i GFib,ayfa )andl; karceRmInctusc©kmµdæan . bTfa

tfa hi esckþIfa eRBaHehtuenaH² Ég )andl; eRBaHminxVl;xVay

nwgBaküTUnµanrbs;RBHsasþaenaHÉg . bTfa hyM sMedAdl; GyM

Pikç ú ERbfa Pikç úenH .

bTfa )akti®nÞ ieya ¬minsRgÜm\®nÞ iy¦ esckþIfa eQµaHfa

Gñkman\®nÞiyRbRBwtþeTAtamsPav³ eRBaHbeNþay\®nÞiy mancitþCa

KRmb; 6 eTAkñ úgGarmµN_TaMgLay tamcitþrbs;xøÜn . GFib,ay

fa CaGñkminsRgÜmckçúTVarCaedIm PikçúenaH eQµaHfa CaGñkenAeday

karminsRgÜm\®nÞiy eRBaHkat;kielsCaeRKÓgCab;CMBak; KW tNðamin

)an RBHefr³kalnwgsEmþgesckþI]bmaénkielsCaeRKÓgCab;CMBak;


KW tNðaenaH eTIbeBalfa miKI yfa truNCatika ven ¬dUcemRmwK

kUnx©IkñúgéRBdUecñaH¦ GFib,ayfa emRmwKkUnx©IenH )anTTYlTukçkñúgéRB

eRBaHkat;enAesckþIesñhakñúgkUnmin)an )andl; minknøgputesckþI

TukçenaH y:agNa sUm,IPikç úenHk¾dUecñaH kalenAkñ úgsPaBCaGñkmin

sRgÜm\®nÞ iy eRBaHkat;kielsCaeRKÓgCab;CMBak;min)an eQµaHfa

rEmgminknøgputTukçkñúgvdþ³ . mü:ageTot )az³fa truNviCatika k¾

man . mann½yfa mankUnx© IEdlRtÚvfñak;fñm .

PikçúenaHsþab;dUecñaHehIy k¾ekItesckþIsMevK ceRmInvibsSna

nig)anseRmcRBHGrhtþkñ úgkalminyUr .

cb;Gdækfa sgÇrkçitetßrKafaTI 9

3


Gdðkza ósPezrKazaTI 10

[111] nKa nKeKÁsu susMvir uLà

]TKÁemeXn nevn sitþa

vievkkamsS GrBaØsBaØiena

Centi Pieyüa ]sPsS klütnþi .

eQITaMgLay lUtlas;eLIgB§d¾kMBUlPñM RtÚvTwkePøóg

bg¥úrcuHfµ I ² eRsacRsb;ehIy rEmgjúa MgcitþKYrdl;

Pavnakmµ [ekIteLIgd¾éRkElgdl;PikçúeQµaH ]sP³

GñkR)afñav ievkFm’ GñkmanesckþIsMKal;kñ úgéRB .

RBH]sPetßr .

Kafarbs;RBH]sPetßr manBaküepþImfa RBwkSCatiTaMgLay

elIkMBUlPñM . erOgekIteLIgdUcemþc?


GgÁmun² eFV IbuNüEdlCa]bnisS½yénRBHniBVanTukkñ úgPBenaH² kñúg

kb,TI 31 GMBIPTÞkb,enH ekItCaeTvbutþ kñúgkalénRBHd¾manRBHPaK

-383- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 11 ]sPefrKafaTI 10

RBHnamfa sixI . éf¶mYy eXIjRBHsasþaehIy CaGñkmancitþRCHføa

)aneFVIkarbUCaedaypáaeQITiBV . páaeQIEdlbUCaenaH )antaMgenAkñúg

lkçN³CamNÐbpáaGs; 7 éf¶ . )anCaTIRbCuMFMrbs;eTvta nigmnusS

TaMgLay .

edaybuBaØkmµenaH eKk¾)anGenÞaleTAmkkñúgeTvta nigmnusS

TaMgLay . kñúgBuT§ úb,aTkalenH eKmkekItkñúgRtkUlsþúksþmÖmYy

kñúgEdnekasl mannamfa ]sP³ . luHeKdwgkþIehIy k¾ekItesckþI

RCHføakñúgRBHsasþa kñúgRKabeg¥anRBHvihareQµaHeCtBn k¾)anbBVC¢a

eFV IbuBVkic©eRscehIy eTAenARtg;eCIgPñ Mkñ úgéRB . k¾kñ úgsm½yenaH

kalemXkñúgrdUvePøógbk;pat;mk k¾júaMgePøóg[Føak;cuH ekItmanéRB

eQIy:agRkas; eRBaHelIkMBUlPñMsm,ÚredayKum<eQI nigvløi éf¶mYy

RBHefr³ecjcakKuha smøwgemIléRB nigPMñEdlKYrrIkrayenaHehIy

Kitedayeyaniesamnsikarfa {edImeQICaedImTaMgenH rkectnamin

)an k¾dl;nUvesckIþceRmInlUtlas; eRBaHesckþIsm,ÚrénrdUv kal

ebIdUecñaH ehtuGVI eyIg)anrdUvCaTIsb,ayehIy eTIbminceRmIneday


KuNFm’TaMgLay} ehIy)aneBalKafafa

RBwkSTaMgLayelIkMBUlPñM RtÚvT wkePøógfµ IF øak;

eRsacehIy rEmglUtlas; citþEdlKYrdl;Pavna

rEmgekIteTVeLIgdl;eyIg GñkeQµaHfa ]sP³ Gñk

R)afñacMeBaHvievk GñkmanesckþIsmÁal;karenAkñúgéRB

dUecñH .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa nKa ¬RBwkSCati¦ )andl; edImeQI .

GacarüBYkxøHeBalfa nKa sMedAdl; edImxÞwg .

bTfa nKeKÁsu ¬elIkMBUlPñM¦ )andl;k elIkMBUlPñM .

bTfa susMvir uLà ¬rEmglUtlas;¦ esckþIfa manedImeQI

manbJslUtlas;edayl¥ KW pSayeTAedayCuMvij GFib,ayfa Ebk

EmksaxaTaMgx© ITaMgcas; eTAedayCuMvij nigxagelI .

bTfa ]TKÁemeXn nevn sitþa ¬RtÚvePøógfµIeRsacRsb;ehIy¦

esckþIfa EdlemXeFVI[ePøógFøak;ekIteLIgCaRKadMbUg rEmgCaePøóg

FM eRsacRsb;sBVkEnøg .


bTfa vievkkamsS ¬GñkR)afñav ievk¦ )andl; R)afñacitþvievk

Edls¶at;ehIycakkiels KW R)afñacitþvievkenaHÉgfa kayvievk

EdlGñkenAkñ úgéRB)anehIymun \LÚvenH eyIgKb,I)annUvcitþvievk

EdlCanisSybc©½yénkarseRmc]bFivievk GFib,ayfa )andl; kar

BüayamRbkberOy² nUvFm’CaeRKÓgPJak; eRBaHehtuenaH RBHefr³

eTIbeBalfa GñkmanesckþIsmÁal;karenAkñúgéRB . GFib,ayfa Gñk

manesckþIsmÁal;karenAkñúgéRB KW eRcIneTAedayenkçmµsgáb,³ y:ag

enHfa {EdleQµaHfa karenAéRB EdlRBHsasþaRTg;sresIrehIy

RTg;saFukarehIy k¾ÉkarenAkñúgéRBenaH k¾RtwmEtedIm,IeFVIsmfPavna

nigvibsSnaPavnaenH eyIgKYreFVI[enAkñ úgkNþab;éd} dUecñH .

bTfa Centi ¬rEmgekIt¦ esµIKñanwg ]b,aeTnþi ¬rEmg[ekIt

eLIg¦ . nigbTfa Centi enH CaÉkvcn³ eRbIkñúgGtßénBhuvcn³ .

cMENkGacarüBYkxøHsURtfa Cennþi k¾man . bTfa Pieyüa ¬eTVeLIg¦

)andl; éRkElgeLIg² .

RBHefr³ehAxøÜnÉgenaHÉg edaybTfa ]sPsS ¬GñkeQµaHfa


]sP³¦ dUcehAbuKÁldéT .

bTfa klütM ¬citþEdlKYrdl;Pavna¦ esckþIfa karEdlcitþ

smKYr KW sPaBéncitþKYrdl;kargar )andl; citþKYrdl;Pavna .

esckþIenaH éBalTukmkGMBImunTaMgGs;ehIy . RBHefr³eBalKafa

enHy:agenHÉg xVl;xVaykñúgvibsSna k¾)anluHRBHGrhtþehIy .


eyIgCaeTvbutþ )anbUCaRBHmanRBHPaK RBH

namfasixI RTg;CaGñknaMénelak )anbeg¥anbUCaRBH

BuT§edaypáamNÐarB .

kRmgpáaTiBV )anCadMbUlRbk;xagelIRBHtfa-

KtGs; 7 éf¶ CnTaMgBYgmkRbCuMKñanmsáarRBHtfa-

Kt .


RBHBuT§ edaypáaeQINa eRBaHkarbUCaenaH eyIg

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 81¦ Ca RBHmnÞarvbuböbUCketßr .




esþccRkBtþi RTg;RBHnamfa CutinFr³ RTg;bribUN’



TUnµanrbs;RBHBuT§ eyIg)aneFV Icb;ehIy .

KafaenHÉg )anCaKafaBüakrN_Grhtþplrbs;RBHefr³ .

cb;Gdækfa ]sPefrKafaTI 10


RBHeBldækaniefr³ 1 RBHestucäefr³ 1 RBHBn§úrefr³ 1 RBHxitkefr³ 1 RBHmlitvmÖefr³ 1 RBHsuehmnþefr³ 1 RBHFmµsMvrefr³ 1 RBHFmµsdbituefr³ 1 RBHsgÇrkçitefr³ 1 RBH ]sPefr³ 1

dUecñHÉg .

s t r


Gdðkza Ékni:t

vK<TI 12

Gdðkza eCnþezrKazaTI 1

[112] Tub,BVC¢ M ev TurFivasa eKha

Femµa KmÖIera TurFiKma ePaKa

kicäa vutþ i ena \ t r I t e r e n v

yutþ M cien þtu M sttmnic©tnþi .

karbYsCakarRkBit RKwHsßanbuKÁlRKb;RKg)aneday

Rk RBHFm’CasPaBRCaleRCA ePaKTaMgLay rk)an

Rk karRbRBwtþ ¬ciBa© wmCIv it¦ rbs;eyIg edaybc©½y

tammantam)an k¾CakarRk eyIgKYrKitnUvGnic©taFm’

[erOy² vij .

RBHeCnþetßr .

Kafarbs;RBHeCnþetßr manBaküepþ Imfa karbYseFVI)anlM)ak

-389- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 12 eCnþefrKafaTI 1

Bit . erOgekIteLIgdUcemþc?


GgÁmun² snSMkuslEdlCa]bnisS½yénRBHniBVanTuk kñ úgPBenaH²

kñúgkalénRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa sixI ekItCaeTvbutþ . éf¶mYy

eKeXIjRBHsasþa mancitþRCHføa k¾)anbUCaedaypáael<ATiBV .

edaybuBaØkmµenaH eKGenÞaleTAmkkñúgeTvta nigmnusSTaMg

Lay . kñúgBuT§úb,aTkalenH mkekItCa»rsrbs;GñkRKb;RKgmNÐl

mYyGgÁ kñúgeCnþRKam EdnmKF³ manRBHnamfa eCnþ³ . kñúgkal

esþcdwgkþIehIy eRBaHEtehtusm,tþ idas;etOn kñúgevlaRTg;enARBH

CnµekµgenaHÉg eTIbmanRBHT½ybeg¥aneTAkñ úgbBVC¢a RTg;RBHtRmiHmþg

eTotfa {EdleQµaHfa bBVC¢aCarbs;eFV I)anlM)ak karenARKb;RKg

pÞHk¾lM)ak RBHFm’enaHÉgk¾Carbs;RCaleRCA ÉePaKsm,tþik¾rk)an

lM)ak eyIgnwgeFVIy:agNal¥hñ+} k¾RBHGgÁBicarNaehIyy:agenH

edayeRcIn . éf¶mYy eTAkan;smñak;rbs;RBHsasþa ehIysþab;Fm’

eRkayGMBIsþab;Fm’ehIy manesckþIeRtkGry:agéRkElgkñúgbBVC¢a


eTIbbYskñúgsmñak;rbs;RBHsasþa eronkmµdæanehIy ceRmInvibsSna

)aneFV I[Cak;c,as;RBHGrhtþpl edaysuxabdibTaxib,aPiBaØa ¬kar

bdibtþ igayRsÜl nigRtas;)anrh½s¦ .


eyIgCaeTvbutþ )anbUCaRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnam

fasixI RTg;CaGñknaM )anpÁgnUvpáael<ATiBVbUCaRBHBuT§ .

kñ úgkb,TI 31 GMBIPTÞkb,enH eyIg)anbUCa



nigkñ úgkb,TI 9 GMBIPTÞkb,enH eyIg)anCa

esþccRkBtþi RTg;RBHnamfa stþútþm³ RTg;bribUN’




1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx TMB½r ¦ Ca RBHkkáar ubUCketßr .


RBHefr³luHseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy kalBicarNaemIlvtþbdi-

btþirbs;xø Ün k¾ekItesamnsSfa {eyIgminGacnwgkat;nUvvitká³Edl

ekIteLIgdl;eyIgGMBIkalmun)anhñ+} kalnwgsEmþgGakarEdlvitká³

ekIteLIg nigPaBEdlxøÜnkat;vitká³enaH)anedayl¥enaHÉg eTIb)an

eBalKafafa

karbYseFVI)anlM)akBit karenARKb;RKgpÞH k¾

lM)akBit RBHFm’Carbs;RCaleRCA kar)anePaK-

sm,tþiCarbs;lM)ak karciBa© wmCIvitrbs;;eyIgeday

bc©½y 4 tammantam)an k¾Carbs;lM)ak eTIbKYr

Kitdl;Gnic©taFm’erOy² .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa Tub,BVC¢ M ¬karbYseFV I)anlM)akBit¦

esckþIfa karevorcakvtßúGaRkk; eQµaHfa eFV I)anlM)ak eRBaHkar

lHKMnrePaKsm,tþitickþI eRcInkþI nigkarecameraménBBYkjati ehIy

bYsfVayCIvitkñúgRBHsasnaenH eQµaHfa lM)ak eRBaHeFVI)aneday

lM)ak KW karbBVC¢aeFVI)anedaylM)ak eRBaHdUecñaH eTIbeQµaHfa kar


bYseFV I)anedaylM)akBit .

bTfa ev RtwmEtCani)at . mü:ageTot ev sBÞ man TL`

sBÞ CaGtß ¬KW sgát;esckþI[F¶n;¦ fa karbYsCarbs;lM)ak .

sßanTIsñak;GaRs½y eQµaHfa pÞH . pÞH eQµaHfa RKb;RKg)anlM)ak

KW pÞH eQµaHfa sñak;GaRs½ylM)ak )andl; RKb;RKglM)ak eday

GFib,ayfa eRBaHRBHraCak¾RTg;RtÚvbdibtþiraCkic© \sSrCnk¾RtÚveFVI

\sSrkic© KhbtIk¾RtÚvcat;EcgKhbtIkic© TaMgbrivarCn nigsmN-

RBahµN_EdlenARKb;RKgpÞHk¾RtÚvse®gÁaH kalrvl;eFV Ikic©EdlRtÚv

eFV IenaH² karenARKb;RKgpÞHeTIbeFV I[bribUN’)anlM)ak dUck¥mTwk

EdlFøúH nigdUcmhasmuRT eRBaHdUecñaH pÞHTaMgenH eTIbeQµaHfa enA

GaRs½y)anlM)ak RKb;RKg)anlM)ak KW eFV I)anlM)ak .

karbBVC¢aKYrRbkan;maM ¬eRBaH¦ Fm’Carbs;RCaleRCA . bdi-

evFFm’nwgseRmc)anedaykarbBVC¢a edIm,I)anmkenaHCarbs;RCal

eRCA . eQµaHfa eXIj)anlM)ak eRBaHCaGarmµN_rbs;jaNd¾

RCaleRCA nigeQµaHfa cak;Fø úH)anlM)ak eRBaHRtas;dwg)anlM)ak

edayPav³CaFm’RCaleRCA . karenARKb;RKg ¬EbbmanePaK³¦ eFV I


)anlM)ak ¬eRBaH¦ ePaK³EdlbuKÁlenARKb;RKgpÞHxVHxatehIy min

GacenARKb;RKgpÞH)anenaH rk)anlM)ak eRBaH)anmkedaylM)ak

)anedayRk .

ebIdUecñaH KYrlHXravasehIykan;ykbBVC¢ab:ueNÑaH . sUm,I

dUecñaH karciBa©wmCIvitrbs;eyIgedaybc©½y 4 tammantam)an k¾Ca

rbs;lM)ak KW karRKb;RKgCIvit )andl; PaBCaGñkenArbs;BYkeyIg

TaMgLaykñúgTIenH KW kñúgsasnaenH edaybc©½ytammantam)ankñúg

Rsúk eQµaHfa Rk KW lM)ak eRBaHkarenARKb;RKgpÞHeFV I)anlM)ak

nigePaK³rk)anlM)ak . sYrfa kñúgesckþIenaHKYreFVIdUcemþc? eqøIyfa

yutþM cienþtuM sttmnic©tM ¬eTIbKYrKitdl;Gnic©taerOy ²¦ KW FmµCati

EdlRbRBwtþeTAkñ úgPUmi 3 eQµaHfa Carbs;mineTogGs;éf¶TaMgGs;

KW TaMgyb;TaMgéf¶ . tGMBIenaH k¾KYrKitfa eQµaHfa mineTog eRBaH

ekIteLIg nigvinaseTA eRBaHmanxagedIm nigTIbMput nigeRBaHRbRBwtþ

eTAmYyCYrxN³ dUecñaH eTIbKYrKit nigKYrBicarNafa mineTog . kal

ebIBicarNaedaysPaBCarbs;mineTogseRmcehIy karBicarNa

edaylkçN³eRkAGMBIenH rEmgseRmcedaygayenaHÉg eRBaHehtu


enaH kñúgKafaenH elakeTIbeBalTukEtkñúgGnic©anubsSnaEtmü:ag

eRBaHGnic©lkçN³ suIesckþIdl;TukçlkçN³ nigGntþlkçN³pg

eRBaH sasnikCnkMNt;kan;yk)angay .

smdUcEdlRtas;Tukfa {vtßúNamineTog vtßúenaHCaTukç vtßúNa

CaTukç vtßúenaHCaGntþa} xøH/ fa {vtßúNamankarekIteLIgCaFmµta vtßú

enaHTaMgGs;suT§Etmankarrlt;eTACaFmµta} xøH/ fa {sgçarTaMgLay

mankarGs;eTACaFmµta} xøH . RBHefr³kalRKbsgát;kielsEdl

ekIteLIgehIyekIteLIgeTot edayFm’EdlCabdibkçcMeBaHKñanwgKña

)any:agenHehIy epþImR)arB§vibsSna edaymanGnic©taCasMxan; ehIy

sEmþg[RCabfa \LÚvenHCaGñkseRmckic©ehIy edaybTfa st-

tmnic©tM enH . smdUcEdléBalTukfa {kalBicarNaemIlvtþ-

bdibtþ irbs;xøÜn} CaedIm . BaküCaKafaenHÉg )ankarBüakrN_RBH

Grhtþplrbs;RBHefr³ .

cb;Gdækfa RBHeCnþefrKafaTI 1

3

-395- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 12 vcäeKatþefrKafaTI 2

Gdðkza vcäeKatþezrKazaTI 2

[113] etvieC¢ahM mhaQayI ecetasmfekavieTa

sTetßa em Gnub,etþa ktM BuT§sSsasnnþi .

´manviC¢a 3 mankardutkielseRcIn CaGñkQøasév

kñúgecetasmf³ ¬kars¶b;em¶ab;citþ¦ RbeyaCn_rbs;xøÜn

´)andl;ehIy BuT §sasna ´k¾)aneFVIehIy .

RBHvcäeKatetßr .

Kafarbs;RBHvcäeKatetßr epþImfa eyIgCaGñk)anviC¢a 3 . erOg

manmkdUcemþc? .


GgÁmun² bNþúHBUC KW kusl EdlCa]bnisS½yénRBHniBVanTukkñúg

PBenaH² kñúgkalrbs;RBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa vibsSI ekItkñúgpÞH

manRtkUl kñúgRkúgBn§ úmtI eBldwgkþIehIy kñúgéf¶mYy )aneFV IBuT§-

bUCarYmCamYyRBHraCa nigGñkRkúgTaMgLay tGMBIenaH k¾GenÞaleTA

mkkñúgeTvta nigmnusSTaMgLay . kñúgBuTú §b,aTkalenH mkekItCa


butþrbs;RBahµN_ GñkbribUN’edaysm,tþikñ úgRkúgraCRKwH mannamfa

vcäeKatþ³ eRBaHeKCaBYkvcäeKaRt .

evladwgkþ IehIy seRmckarsikSakñ úgviC¢arbs;RBahµN_TaMg

LayehIy mineXIjsar³kñúgviC¢aTaMgenaH eTIbbYsCabriBVaCk ehIy

cUleTAKal;RBHsasþa TUlsYrbBaða kalRBHsasþaRTg;)anvisC¢na

bBaðaenaHehIy mancitþRCHføa k¾bYskñúgsmñak;rbs;RBHsasþa ceRmIn

vibsSna )anseRmcGPiBaØa 6 kñúgevlaminyUr .


eyIg)aneXIjRBHsmµasm<úT§ RTg;CaGñknaMén

elak manRBHrsµIPøWsVag dUcdYgRBHGaTitü]T½y man

rsµIBN’elOg esþcyagdMeNIreTAdUcdYgcnÞkñúgéf¶

eBjbUN’mI .

PikçúsgÇ 86>000¬2¦ rUb suT§EtCaRBHxINaRsB

EhhmRBHsmµasm<úT§ RTg;CaFMCagRbCa RTg;Gg;Gac

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 79¦ Ca RBHvIfismµC¢ketßr . 2¦ bidk 68>000 rUb .


CagnrCn .

kalRBHd¾manRBHPaK RTg;CaGñknaMénelak

esþcyageTA eyIge)assMGatfñl;enaH ehIy)an

elIkTg;eLIgRtg;fñl;enaH edaycitþRCHføa .

kñúgkb,TI 91 GMBIPTÞkb,enH eyIg)anelIk

Tg;Na eRBaHkmµenaH eyIgminEdlsÁal;TuKÁtieLIy

enHCaplénkarelIkTg;fVay .

kñúgkb,TI 4 GMBIPTÞkb,enH eyIg)anCaRBH

raCa manBlanuPaBeRcIn sm,ÚredayGakarTaMgBYg

R)akdRBHnamfa suFC³ .



RBHefr³luHseRmcGPiBaØa 6 ehIy)anBicarNanUvvtþbdibtþ i

rbs;xø Ün ekItesamnsS )aneBalKafaEdlCa]Tanfa

eyIgCaGñk)anviC¢a 3 eRcInsmøwgFm’d ¾RbNIt


Qøasévkñúg])ays¶b;citþ )anseRmcRbeyaCn_ xø Ün

BaküTUnµanrbs;RBHBuT§ eyIgeFVIcb;ehIy .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa etvieC¢ahM ¬eyIgCaGñk)anviC¢a 3¦

esckþIfa sUm,IbuKÁlTaMgLaynwgsÁal;eyIgfa CaRBahµN_Gñkman

viC¢a 3 eRBaHdl;eRtIyénéRtevTkñúgRKamunk¾eday EtviC¢aTaMg 3 enaH

RtwmEtCaeQµaH eRBaHkñ úgRBHevTminmankic©EdlTak;TgnwgviC¢a .

Et\LÚvenH eyIgeQµaHfa CaGñkmanviC¢a 3 edaybrmtß eRBaH

)anseRmcviC¢a 3 manbueBVnivasBaØaNCaedImehIy eQµaHfa Ca

GñkeRcIneTAedaykarsmøwgFm’d¾RbNIt eRBaHsmøwgBYkkiels Edl

RbRBwtþeTAkñúgcMENkénsmuT½y CacMnYneRcIn KW minmancMENksl;

nigeRBaHsmøwgRBHniBVan d¾FM KW ]Lar )andl; RbNIt .

bTfa ecetasmfekavieTa ¬Qøaskñúg])ays¶b;citþ¦ esckþI

fa CaGñkQøaskñúg])ayCaeRKÓgeFVIcitþ[s¶b; edaykarcUleTAs¶b;

sgáielsFm’ EdleFVI[citþkeRmIk . RBHefr³eBaldl;ehtuénGñk

manviC¢a 3 edayBaküfa Qøaskñúg])ays¶b;citþ enH . GFib,ay

fa PaBCaGñkmanviC¢a 3 nwgman)an k¾edaykarGs;eTAénGasv³


EdlRbkbedayPaBCaGñkQøaskñúgsmaFi minEmneday ¬y:agdéT¦

edayGs;eCIg .

bTfa sTetßa ¬RbeyaCn_xøÜn¦ )andl; RbeyaCn_rbs;xøÜn .

BaküenH elakpøas; k GkSrCa T GkSr dUckñ úgRbeyaKCaedImfa

Gnub,tþsTetßa ¬manRbeyaCn_xøÜnEdlseRmcehIyedaylMdab;¦ .

k¾RBHGrhtþKb,IRCabfa CaRbeyaCn_rbs;xø Ün . GFib,ayfa RBH

GrhtþenaH ehAfa CaRbeyaCn_rbs;xøÜn eRBaHsPaBénRBHGrhtþ

enaH CaRbeyaCn_xøÜn eRBaHGtßfa Cab;Tak;TgCamYyxøÜn eRBaHGtßfa

minlHbg;xø Ün eRBaHGtßfa CaRbeyaCn_d¾y:agéRkElgdl;xø Ün .

RbeyaCn_rbs;xøÜnenH EdleyIg KW xøÜneyIg )anseRmcehIy KW

dl;ehIy . edaybTfa sTetßa enH RBHefr³sEmþgfa )aneFVInUv

PaBCaGñksmøwgFm’d¾RbNIttamEdleBalehIy [dl;kMBUl ¬KW

RBHGrhtþ¦ ehIy . Baküd¾essmann½ydUceBalehIyenaHÉg .

Gdækfa vcäeKatþefrKafaTI 2

3


Gdðkza vnvcäezrKazaTI 3

[114] GecäaTika bufusila eKangÁúlmiKayuta

Gm<úesvalsBaänña et esla rmynþi mnþ i .

PñMf µTa MgenaHmanTwkføa manfµd¾Rkas; EdlRbkbeday

RmwKmanknÞúydUceKa ¬sVaexµA¦ d¾edrdasedaysaray

kñúgTwk EtgjúaMg´[eRtkGr ¬suxcitþenA)an¦ .

RBHvnvcäetßr .

Kafarbs;RBHvnvcäefr³ epþImfa PñMd¾FM manTwkføas¥at . erOg

manmkdUcemþc?


GgÁmun² bNþúHBUC KW kuslEdlCa]bnisS½yénRBHniBVanTukkñ úg

PBenaH² . kñúgkalénRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa vibsSI ekItkñúgpÞH

manRtkUl evladwgkþIehIy eFV IkargarsuIQñÜlciBa© wmCIvit )aneFV InUv

kMhusdl;buKÁlBYkxøH RtÚvesckþIxøacsøab;KMram eTIblbrt;ecj

eTA eXIjeBaFiRBwkS ¬edImeQICaTIRtas;dwg¦ kñúgrvagpøÚv CaGñkman

-401- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 12 vnvcäefrKafaTI 3

citþRCHføa )ane)assm¥atKl;eBaFiRBwkSenaH ehIyeFV IkarbUCaeday

kRmgpáaGesak fVaybgÁMehIy eq<aHmuxeTAkan;eBaFiRBwkS nmsáar

ehIy GgÁúyBt;EPñn eXIjsRtÚvedIrmkedIm,Inwgsmøab;xø Ün mineFVIcitþ

[eRkaFkñúgsRtÚvTaMgenaH rBJkdl;eBaFiRBwkSenaHÉg ehIy)anFøak;

eTAkñ úgGnøg;d¾eRCAmYyCYr 100 burs .

edaybuBaØkmµenaH eKk¾)aneTAekItkñúgeTvelak eFV IbuNüt²

mk GenÞaleTAmkkñúgeTvta nigmnusSTaMgLay . kñúgBuTú§b,aTkal

enH mkekItCabutþrbs;RBahµN_Gñksm,Úredaysm,tþi kñúgRkúgraCRKwH

mannamfa vcä³ . eKceRmInv½yehIy ekItcitþsT§a kñúgsmaKmrbs;

RBH)aTBim< isar bYsehIy k¾)anseRmcRBHGrhtþ .


eyIgCaGñkxVl;x Vay kñúgkargarrbs;GñkdéT

)aneFVIkMhusTuk eBjeRbóbeTAedayP½y nigeBor eTIb

rt;eKceTAtamCayéRB .

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 73 TMB½r 78¦ Ca RBHtm<bubö iyetßr .


)aneXIjedImeQImanpáaCacegáam rIksÁús

sÁay EdlFmµCatisagehIy eTIbkan;ykpáaBN’

RkhmeTAeraycuHRtg;TIeBaFiRBwkS .

)ane)assm¥atedImRcenog EdlCaeQIRtas;

dwgd¾]tþmenaHehIy cUleTAGgÁúyBt;EPñnenARtg;Kl;

eBaFi .

CnTaMgLayEsVgrkpøÚvEdleyIgeTA )anmk

CiteyIg nigeyIgk¾eXIjeKTaMgenaH Rtg;TIenaHehIy

rMBwgdl;EtedImeBaFiRBwkSd¾]tþm .

eyIgmancitþRCHføa fVaybgÁMeBaFiRBwkSehIy

k¾Føak;cuHeTAkñúgeRCaHEdlKYr[xøac eRCAeRcInCYredIm

etñat .


eBaFiRBwkSedaypáaeQINa eRBaHkarbUCaenaH eyIg

minEdlsÁal;TuKÁtieLIy enHCaplénkarbUCaeBaFi-


RBwkS .


cRkBtþi RBHnamfa susuBaØt³ RTg;bribUN’eday




RBHefr³luH)anseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy Kg;enAkñúgéRBenaHÉg

edayesckþIeRtkGréRkElgkñúgvievk eRBaHehtuenaH eTIb)annamfµIfa

vnvcä³ . RBHefr³eTAkan;RkúgraCRKwHCaRKa² edIm,IGnueRKaHBBYkCn

EdlCajati EdljatiTaMgLayTMnukbMrugenAkñúgRkúgraCRKwHenaH sñak;

enAmin)anb:unµanéf¶ k¾sEmþgGakarnwgRtLb;eTAéRBvij jatiTaMgLay

GgVrelakfa {elakm©as; sUmelakm©as;cUrsñak;enAkñ úgviharCit²

edIm,IGnueRKaHBYkćuH BYkńwgTMnukbMrugedayxøÜnÉg} RBHefr³kal

nwgRbkasesckþIeRtkGrkñúgvievk edaykarbBa¢ak;[eXIjfa PñMCaTI

KYrrIkraydl;CnTaMgenaH eTIb)aneBalKafafa


PñMF MTUlay manTwkføas¥at RbkbeTAedaysVa

exµA nigeRbIs edrdaseTAedayTwk nigsaray Etg

jMúagcitþrbs;eyIg[menarmü .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa GecäaTika ¬manTwkføas¥at¦ esckþIfa

kalKYrnwgeBalfa GecäaTka eRBaHCaTImanTwkføa minl¥k; ¬nig¦ s¥at

elakk¾eBalfa GecäaTika eFVICaligÁvibløas . RBHefr³sEmþgdl;

karsm,ÚrnUvTwkelIPñ MTaMgenaH edaybTfa GecäaT ika enH .

bTfa bufusila ¬PñMFMTUlay¦ esckþIfa PñMeQµaHfa FMTUlay

eRBaHCaPñ MFMT Ulay mansmösSCaTIsb,ay . RBHefr³sEmþgdl;

karsm,ÚrTIGgÁúy edaybTfa bufusila enH . eQµaHfa eKangÁúla

¬knÞúy¦ eRBaHCastVmanknÞúydUcknÞúyeKa )andl; sVaEdlmanBN’

exµA . GacarüBYkxøHeBalfa )andl; sVaFmµtak¾man . eQµaHfa

eKangÁúlmiKayuta ¬RbkbeTAedaysVaexµA nigeRbIs¦ eRBaHedrdas

eTAedaysVa nigeRbIsCaedIm Edlrt;RbescRbsackñúgTIenaH² .

RBHefr³sEmþgdl;sPaBFmµCatiTaMgenaH cUldl;lkçN³CaéRB eRBaH


PMñTaMgenaHCa]bcar³rbs;BYkGmnusS .

bTfa Gm<úesvalsBaänña ¬edrdaseTAedayTwk nigsaray¦

esckþIfa eQµaHfa edrdaseTAedayTwk nigsaraykñúgTIenaH² eRBaH

manTwkhUr eRBaHmanTwkhUrecjsBVkal .

bTfa et esla rmynþi mM ¬rEmgeFV Ic itþrbs;eyIg[rIk

ray¦ manGFib,ayfa eyIgenARtg;PñMNa PñMenaH CaPñMfµmansPaB

dUecñH eFVI[eyIgrIkrayedayesckþIrIkrayéRkElgkñúgvievk eRBaHehtu

enaH eyIgnwgeTARtg;Pñ MenaHÉg . k¾BaküCaKafaenH )anCakarBüa-

krN_RBHGrhtþplrbs;RBHefr³ .

cb;Gdækfa vnvcäefrKafaTI 3

3


Gdðkza GZimutþezrKazaTI 4

[115] kayTudæ úløKruena hIymanmði CIv iet

srIrsuxKiT §sS kueta smNsaFutati .

kalebICIvit sUnüfyeTA esckþIl¥rbs;smN³ nwg

manmkkñúgTINa dl;buKÁlGñkF¶n;kñúgkayd¾GaRkk; Cab;

edayesckþIsux kñ úgsrIr³ .

RBHGFimutþetßr .

Kafarbs;RBHGFimutþetßr epþImfa kalCIvitnwgGs;eTA . erOg

ekIteLIgdUcemþc? .

)anB¤fa elakekItkñúgRtkUlRBahµN_ kñúgkalRBHmanRBHPaK

RBHnamfa bTumutþ³ evladwgkþIehIy sikSaseRmckñúgviC¢arbs;RBahµN_

TaMgLayehIy eXIjeTaskñúgkamTaMgLay eTIblHXravasvis½y

bYsCatabs enAkñ úgéRB RCabfa kar]b,tþ ieLIgrbs;RBHBuT§ehIy

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Rtg;)aTmUlRBHsasþa . RBHsasþaRTg;RCabGFüaRs½yrbs;tabs

esþcRTg;Rbfab;QrelIsMBt;sm,keQIenaH . tabsbUCaRBHman

RBHPaK EdlRTg;Rbfab;QrelIsMBt;sMbkeQI edayeRKÓgRkGUb

EdlCaskáar³ehIy )ansresIreday Kafa 10 Kafafa smuT§r-

simM elakM¬1¦ CaedIm . RBHsasþaRTg;BüarkrN_RBHtabsfa {kñúg

GnaKtkal kñúgTIbMput 100>000 kb, GMBIkb,enH tabsenHnwg

bYskñúgsasnarbs;RBHsmµasm< úT §RBHnamfa eKatm nwgCaGñkman

GPiBaØa 6} ehIyesþcyagcakecjeTA .

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eTAmkkñúgeTvta nigmnusSTaMgLay rhUtmkdl;RBHBuT§RBHbrmRKÚ

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1¦ kñ úgGbTanTMB½rbnÞab;eTA ta MgBIBaküfa bBiRtRBHmhamunI RBHGgÁqøgput»X³ ehIy>>>>>> rhUtdl;>>>>> dUcCaesþcKCsarEdlTUnµanehIy .


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BuT§anuPaBkñúgkalEdlRTg;TTYlRBHvihareCtBn CaGñkmansT§a bYs

kñúgsmñak;rbs;RBHsasþa epþImvibsSna k¾)anseRmcRBHGrhtþkñúg

kalminyUr .


eyIgCaRBahµN_GñkRTRTg;Cda nigEs,kstV

CaGñkesµaHRtg; mantb³ )aneXIjRBHBuT§RTg;CaGñk

naMénelak RTg;r ugerOgedaypáakNikar PøWsVagdUc

RbTIb rugeracn_dUcpáayRBwkS eRbóbdUcepøkbenÞarkñúg

Gakas .

RBHGgÁminxøac RTg;mintk;søút dUcesþcéRksr

raCsIh_ RTg;RbkasBnøWénRBHjaN RTg;jaMjIBYk

tir ß Iy_ .

RTg;Rsg;nUvstVelakenH RTg;kat;nUvesckþI

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx TMB½r ¦ Ca RBHsBVkitþiketßr .


sgS½yTaMgBYg RTg;minjab;j½r dUcesþcRmwK eTIb

kan;yksMBt;sm,keQI eTARkalRtg;TICitRBH)aT .

)ancwbykkøa MBak;mklabRBHtfaKt kal

labRBHsmµasm<úT §ehIy )ansresIrRBHGgÁ RTg;

CaGñknaMénelakfa

bBiRtRBHmhamunI RBHGgÁqøgput»X³ehIy

RTg;júaMgelakenH[qøgputpg RTg;rugerOgedayBnøW

énRBHjaN RTg;manRBHjaNRbesIrbMput .

RTg;RbkasFmµcká RTg;jaMjItirßIy_déT RTg;Ca

Gñkkøahan RTg;QñHs®gÁamehIy júaMgEpndI[jab;

j½r

rlkkñúgmhasmuRT rEmgEbkx©ayeRBaHRcaMg

y:agNa TidæiTaMgLayrEmgEbkFøayeRBaHRBHjaN

rbs;RBHGgÁ dUecñaH

sMNaj;RkLatUc² EdleKbg;cuHeTAkñúgRsH


ehIy stVTaMgLayEdlenAxagkñúgsMNaj; CaGñk

RtÚvebotebonkñ úgxN³enaH y:agNa

bBiRtRBHGgÁRTg;nirTukç BYktirßIy_kñúgelak Ca

GñkvegVg minGaRs½ysc©³ rEmgRbRBwtþeTAkñ úgxag

kñúgRBHjaNd¾RbesIrrbs;RBHGgÁ dUecñaH

RBHGgÁb:ueNÑaH CaTIBwgrbs;CnEdlliclg;

kñúgGnøg;Twk Canaf³rbs;CnGñkminmanepABgS ¬min

manjati¦ CasrN³rbs;GñkEdltaMgenAkñúgP½y RTg;

CaGñknaMmuxrbs;CnEdlRtÚvkarrYcput

esþcyageTAmYyRBHGgÁÉg minmannrNadUc

RTg;RbkbedayRBHemtþakruNa rkbuKÁlesµId Ucmin

)an RTg;CaGñkRbRBwtþesµI s¶b;rm¶ab;ehIy manPaB

CMnaj CataTibuKÁl manC½yCMnHbribUN’¬1¦

RTg;CaGñkR)aCJ R)ascakesckþIvegVg RTg;

1¦ RBHKuNRtg;enH maneRcInBakü Edl)alIkñúgGdækfa nig)alIkñúgGbTanminRtÚvKña .


minjab;j½r minmanesckþIsgS½y RTg;eBjRBHT½y

RTg;x¢ak;eTas³ehIy minmanmnÞil RTg;sRgÜm man

esckþIs¥at

RTg;knøgFm’CaeRKÓgCab; kMcat;esckþIRsvwg

)anehIy manviC¢a 3 dl;TIbMputénPBTaMg 3 RTg;knøg

Edn RTg;F¶n;kñúgFm’ RTg;luHdl;RbeyaCn_ehIy RTg;

sabeRBaHRbeyaCn_

RTg;júaMgstV[qøgdUcTUk RTg;júaMgreNþARTBü

[jab;j½r RTg;minxøacdUcraCsIh_ RTg;hVwkhat;

RBHGgÁehIy dUcesþcKCsarEdlTUnµanehIy .

kñúgRKaenaH kaleyIgsresIrRBHmhamunI RTg;

RBHnamfa bTumutþr³ RTg;manysFM edayKafa 10

Kafa fVaybgÁMRBH)aTRBHsasþaehIy )anQrenA

es¶óm .

RBHsasþaRTg;RBHnamfa bTumutþr³ RTg;dwg


c,as;nUvelak RTg;smKYrTTYleRKÓgbUCa Rbfab;

enAkNþalPikçúsgÇ )anRtas;RBHKafaTaMgenHfa

buKÁlNasresIrsIl jaN nigsT§mµrbs;

tfaKt tfaKtnwgBüakrN_buKÁlenaH GñkTaMgLay

cUrsþab;tfaKteBal

buKÁlenaH nwgrIkraykñúgeTvelakGs;kal

60>000 kb, nwgesayPaBCaFMelIeTvtaBYkdéT

eRkaymk EdlkuslmUldas;etOnehIy nwg

bYskñúgRBHsasnarbs;RBHmanRBHPaK RBHnamfa

eKatm

luHbYsehIy nwgevorcak)abkmµedaykay

kMNt;dwgGasv³TaMgBYgehIy CaGñkminmanGasv³

brin iBVan .

emXkalRKhwm rEmgjúa MgEpndIenH[esIm

y:agNa bBiRtRBHmhavIr³ RBHGgÁRTg;júaMg´RBHGgÁ


[Eq¥tedayFm’ dUecñaH .

luHeyIgsresIr sIl bBaØa Fm’ nigRBHGgÁ

RTg;CaGñknaMénelakehIy )anseRmcRBHniBVanEdl

CaFm’d¾s¶b;éRkElg CabTminsøab; .

»hñ+ RBHmanRBHPaK RTg;manckçúRBHGgÁenaH

Kb,ItaMgenAGs;kalyUr eyIgk¾Kb,Idwgc,as;nUvFm’

EdlenAminTan;dwgc,as; Kb,IeXIjGmtbT .

CatienH CaCaticugeRkayrbs;eyIg eyIgdk

PB)anGs;ehIy kMNt;dwgGasv³TaMgBYgehIy Ca

GñkminmanGasv³ .

kñúgkb,TI 100>000 GMBIPTÞkb,enH eyIg

)ansresIrRBHBuT§Na eRBaHkarsresIrenaH eyIg

minEdlsÁal;TuKÁtieLIy enHCaplénkarsresIr .




RBHefr³luHseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy kalnwgeBalTUnµanPikç ú

TaMgLay GñkeRcIneTAedayesckþIx¢ilRcGUs EdlenArYmCamYyelak

k¾)aneBalKafaenHfa

kalebICIvitGs;eTA PaBCasmN³d¾l¥ nwgman

dl;PikçúGñkKitEtrkSakay GñkCab;enAkñ úgesckþIsux

pø Úvkay )anGMBITINa .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa kayTudæ úløKruena ¬dl;PikçúGñkKit

EtrkSaragkay¦ esckþIfa karRbkbnUvPaBmins¥at eQµaHfa esckþI

GaRkk; esckþIGaRkk;pøÚvkay eQµaHfa kayTudæúlø³ . esckþI

GaRkk;pøÚvkayEdlF¶n;mandl;PikçúNa PikçúenaH eQµaHfa GñkF¶n;kñúg

esckþIGaRkk;pøÚvkay ¬kayTudæúløKru¦ GFib,ayfa CaGñkminKitecj

cakTukç xVl;xVayTMnukbMrugragkay KW eFVIkay[FMFat; . dl;Pikçú

EdlKitEtBIkarTMnukbMrugragkayenaH .

bTfa hiyümanmði CIv iet ¬kalCIvitnwgGs;eTA¦ esckþIfa

kalCIvit nigsgçarkMBugGs;eTAedayrh½s dUcTwkkñúgsÞwgtUckMBug


hYtEhgeTA dUecñaH .

bTfa srIrsuxKiT§sS ¬GñkCab;enAkñúgesckþIsuxpøÚvkay¦ n½y

fa dl;nUvkarCab;CamYyesckþIsuxpø Úvkayrbs;xøÜn manGaharEdl

RbNItCaedIm .

bTfa kueta smNsaFuta ¬PaBCasmN³Edll¥ nwgman>>>

GMBITINa¦ esckþIfa esckþIl¥eRBaHPaBCasmN³ KW PaBCasmN³

Edll¥ nwgKb,Imandl;buKÁlEbbenH eRBaHehtuenaH GMBITINa GFi-

b,ayfa PaBCasmN³Edll¥ nwgmandl;Pikç úGñkminmankarsmøwg

kñúgkay nigCIvit/ GñksenþasehIyedayesckþIsenþas kñúgbc©½y

tammantam)an/ ¬nig¦ GñkR)arB§esckþIBüayamehIyedaycMENkmYy

b:ueNÑaH .

cb;Gdækfa GFimutþefrKafaTI 4

3


Gdðkza mhanamezrKazaTI 6

[116] Ésavhiyües bBVetn Bhukud Csløriekn

ensaTekn Kir ina yssSina bricäeTnati .

Gñknu+HnwgsabsUnücakPñMeQµaHensaTk³ ¬TIenAénGñk

ensaT¦ CaPñMmanys biT)aMgedayedImExøgKg; nwg

edImeBansVaCaeRcIn .

RBHmhanametßr .

Kafarbs;RBHmhanamefr³ manBaküepþ Imfa mñalmhanam³

elaknwgvinascakPñMeQµaHensaTk³ . erOgmanmkdUcemþc?


GgÁmun² snSMbuNüTukkñúgPBenaH² kñúgkalRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnam

fa suemF³ ekItkñúgRtkUlRBahµN_ sikSacb;kñúgviC¢arbs;RBahµN_

TaMgLayehIy lHbg;Xravasvis½y sagGaRsmenAEk,rmat;sÞwg

mYykEnøg beRgónmnþdl;BYkRBahµN_cMnYneRcIn . mkdl;éf¶mYy

RBHmanRBHPaKesþcyageTAkan;GaRsmrbs;eK edIm,IGnueRKaHeK .

-417- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 12 mhanamefrKafaTI 5

eKeXIjRBHmanRBHPaKehIy mancitþRCHføa cat;EcgRkalGasn³

fVay . kalRBHmanRBHPaKRbfab;Kg;ehIy beg¥anTwkXµú MEdlman

rsEp¥msñiT § cUleTAfVay . RBHmanRBHPaKesayTwkXúM µenaHehIy

RTg;BüakrN_GnaKt edayn½ydUceBalehIykñúgerOgrbs;RBHGFi-

mutþetßr ehIyesþcyagecjeTA .

edaybuBaØkmµenaH eKeTAekItkñúgeTvelak GenÞaleTAmkkñúg

suKtiPBb:ueNÑaH . kñúgBuTú §b,aTkalenH mkekItkñúgRtkUlRBahµN_

kñúgRkúgsavtß I mannamfa mhanam³ evladwgkþIehIy cUleTAKal;

RBHmanRBHPaK sþab;Fm’ehIy mansT§abYsehIy eronkmµdæan eTA

GaRs½yenARtg;Pñ MeQµaHfa ensaTk³ minGacRKbsgát;karrunKYnén

kiels)an Kitfa {CIvitrbs;eyIgEdlmancitþd¾esAhµgenH nwgman

RbeyaCn_GVI} enOyNaykñúgGtþPaB eTIbeLIgeTAelIkMBUlPñMx<s; Kit

fa {nwgelatGMBIkMBUlPñMenH smøab;xø Ün[søab;} eTIb)aneBalKafa

smµtxø Ünfa CaCndéTfa

mhanam GñknwgvinascakPñMeQµaHensaTk³


EdledrdaseTAedayedImEkøgKg; nigedImeBansVa

CaPñMmanys sm,Úredaymøb; nigTwkd¾eRcIn biT)aMg

edayedImeQI nigvlø× .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa Ésavhiyües ¬nwgvinas¦ esckþI

fa mhanam Gñknu+Hnwgvinas KW nwgsabsUnü .

bTfa bBVetn ¬GMBIPñ M¦ esckþIfa cakPñMenH EdlCaTIenA .

bTfa BhukudCsløriekn ¬EdledrdaseTAedayedImExøgKg;

nwgedImeBansVa¦ esckþIfa RbkbeTAedayedImExøgKg; nigedImeBan-

sVa b¤fa edayedImraCRBwkS nigedImeBansVaTaMgLay .

bTfa ensaTekn ¬ensaTk³¦ )andl; Pñ MEdlmaneQµaH

y:agenH .

bTfa Kirina esµIKñanwg eseln ¬PñM¦ . GFib,ayfa PñM ehA

fa bBVt³ eRBaHtaMgenAedayfñak; eBalKW TI>t ¬Cab;tKñaCaCan;²¦

nigehAfa KirI eRBaHCaTIhUrecjénFñarTwkeRBaHk,alTwkCaedIm nig

énvtßúEdlmansar³man»sfCaedIm . EtkñúgKafaenH elakehAfa


bBVt³ nigehAfa KirI eRBaHmanGtß 2 y:ag ¬rYmKña¦ .

bTfa yssSina ¬manys¦ esckþIfa R)akd KW dwgc,as;

edayKuNTaMgBYg .

bTfa bricäeTn ¬biT)aMg¦ )andl; Rbdab;edayKum<eQI nig

vlø×eRcInRbePTedayCuMvij b¤)andl; CaextþEdlCasßanTIenArbs;

elak . k¾kñúgKafaenH manGFib,aydUecñHfa mhanam ebIGñklHbg;

kmµdæan CaGñkeRcIneTAedayvitká³esat GñknwgvinascakPñMeQµaHfa

ensaTk³ EdlCasßanTIenA sm,ÚreTAedaymøb; nigTwkCaTIsb,ay

y:agenH \LÚvenHeyIgnwgnaMxø ÜnÉgelatGMBIPñ MenH[søab; eRBaHehtu

enaH elakminRtÚvFøak;enAkñúgGMNacrbs;vitká³eLIy .

RBHefr³KMramxø Üny:agenHÉg xVl;xVaykñúgvibsSna rhUt)an

seRmcRBHGrhtþ .


eyIg)ansagGaRsmy:ags¥at TukCitmat;sÞwg

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 74 TMB½r 183¦ Ca RBHmFuTayketßr .


sin§ú eyIgeronKm<Ir\tihas³ RBmTaMgtRmaTaylkçN³

dl;BYksisSRtg;GaRsmenaH .

sisSTaMgenaHCaGñkR)afñaFm’ )anTTYlkar

ENnaMl¥ehIy R)afñasþab;BaküTUnµanEdll¥ dl;kar

seRmceBjeljkñúgGgÁ 6 Rbkar enACitRcaMgTenø

sin§ ú .

CaGñkQøaskñúg ¬karTay¦ ]bTÞv³ nigkñ úg

lkçN³TaMgLay EsVgrkRbeyaCn_d¾]tþmenAkñúgéRB

FM kñ úgRKaenaH .

RKaenaH RBHsmµasm<úT §RBHnamfa suemF³

esþc]b,tþ ieLIgkñ úgelak RBHGgÁCaGñknaMd¾v iess

kalnwgRTg;GnueRKaHBYkeyIg eTIbesþcyagmk .

eyIg)aneXIjRBHmhavIr³ RBHnamfa suemF³

RTg;CaGñknaMénelakesþcmkdl; eTIb)anRkalkRmal

EdleFVIedayesµAfVaydl;RBHGgÁ RTg;CaeCdæbursén


elak .

eyIgkan;ykTwkXµúMmkGMBIéRBFM mkfVaycMeBaH

RBHBuT§CabuKÁld¾RbesIrbMput RBHsmµasm<úT §esay

ehIy )anRtas;RBHtRmas;enHfa

buKÁlNamanesckþIRCHføa )anfVayTwkXµú M

dl;tfaKt edayédTaMg 2 rbs;xø Ün tfaKtnwg

BüakrN_buKÁlenaH GñkTaMgLaycUrsþab;tfaKteBal

edaykarfVayTwkXúM µ nigedaykarRkalesµA

fVayenH buKÁlenaHnwgrIkrayenAkñ úgeTvelakrhUt

30>000 kb, .

kñúgkb,TI 30>000 RBHsasþaRBHnam eKatm

EdlRTg;smÖBkñúgvgSRBH)aT»káakraC esþcnwg]b,tþi

eLIgkñ úgelak .

buKÁlenaHnwgCaFmµTayaTrbs;RBHsasþaRBH

GgÁenaH Ca»rsEdlFmµnimitþ nwgkMNt;dwgGasv³


TaMgBYg CaGñkminmanGasv³ ehIybriniBVan .

kaleyIgcakeTvelakmkkñúgmnusSelakenH

bdisn§ik ñ úgPK’mata ePøógTwkXµú M)anFøak;cuHmk Bas

eBjEpndIedayTwkXµú M .

sUm,Ikñ úgxN³ kaleyIgecjcakGMBIKP’enaH

ePøógTwkXµú M k¾Føak;cuHmk[eBjqña MgeyIg Gs;kal

Canic©¬1¦ .

kaleyIgecjcakGMBIpÞH bYsCabBVCitehIy

rEmg)an)ay nigTwk enHCaplénkarfVayTwkXµú M .

eyIgekItCaeTvta nigmnusS ¬k¾eday¦ CaGñk

bribUN’edayvtßú EdlKYrR)afñaTaMgBYg )anseRmc

karGs;Gasv³ eRBaHkarfVayTwkXµú MenaHÉg .

kalePøógFøak;ehIy esµAduHkm<s; 4 Fñab;

kaledImeQIkñúgTIdaMT uk manpáarIksÁúHsÁay eyIgCa

1¦ ERbBI)alIGbTan kumÖiya c suTutþra kñúgGdækfaefrKafaCa kucäiya suTutþra .


GñkminmanGasv³ enACasuxCanic© kñúgpÞHs¶at; Rtg;

mNÐb nigKl;eQI .

eyIgQanknøgPBd¾RbNIt kNþal nigefak

Tab)anTaMgGs; Gasv³TaMgLayrbs;eyIgGs;ehIy

kñúgéf¶enH \LÚvenH PBfµIminmaneToteLIy .

kñúgkb,TI 30>000 ¬GMBIPTÞkb,enH¦ eyIg

)anfVayTanNakñúgRKaenaH eRBaHTanenaH eyIgmin

EdlsÁal;TuKÁtieLIy enHCaplénkarfVayTwkXµú M .



k¾KafaenHÉg )anCaKafaBüakrN_RBHGrhtþplrbs;RBHefr³

dUecñHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa mhanamefrKafaTI 5

3


Gdðkza :rabriyezrKazaTI 6

[117] q psSayten hitVa KutþTVaera susMv ueta

GXmUlM vemtVan betþa em Gasvkçeyati .

buKÁlRKb;RKgTVar sRgÜmedayl¥ x¢ak;ecalnUvbJs-

Kl;énesckþITukç eRBaHlHbg;psSaytn³TaMg 6 Rbkar

karGs;eTAénGasv³ ´k¾)andl;ehIy .

Kafarbs;RBH)arabriyetßr epþImfa eyIglHbg;psSaytn³

6 Rbkar)anehIy . erOgekIteLIgdUcemþc?


GgÁmun² snSMbuNüTukkñúgPBenaH² kñúgkalénRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnam

fa biyTsSI ekItCaRBanéRB kaldwgkþIehIy edIm,InwgRTg;GnueRKaH

eK RBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa biyTsSI RTg;Rbfab;cUlnieraFsma-

btþi enARtg;dgéRBmYykEnøg EdleKRtac;eTA .

eKxN³EsVgrkRmwK )aneTAkan;TIenaH CYbRBHsasþa mancitþ

RCHføa eTIbeRbIpáabTumRbk;CamNÐbEmkeQIEdlsageLIg eFVIdUcCa

-425- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 12 )rabriyefrKafaTI 6

pÞHkMBUl eday[RBHmanRBHPaKRbfab;enAxagkñúg )anesaybitI nig

esamnsSy:agxøaMg QrnmsáarGs; 7 éf¶ ehIynaMykpáaEdl

sVit² eTAecal naMykpáaEdlfµI² Rss;² mkRbk;CMnYsral;éf¶ .

luHRKb; 7 éf¶ RBHsasþak¾ecjcaknieraFsmabtþi RTg;rB£kdl;Pikçú-

sgÇ kñúgrMeBcenaHÉg Pikç úTaMgLayRbmaN 8 muWnrUb k¾naMKñamk

ecameramRBHsasþa eTvtaTaMgLaymkRbCMuKñaedayKitfa {BYkeyIg

nwgsþab;Fmµkfad¾BIeraH} eTIbekItCamhasmaKmeLIg . RBHsasþa

RTg;eFVIGnuemaTna RTg;BüakrN_fa eKnwg)aneTAekItkñ úgeTvta nig

mnusSTaMgLay nig)anCasavkeBaFiBaØaN kñúgBuT§úb,aTenH ¬RBHBuT§

eKatm¦ ehIyesþcyagcakecjeTA .

edaybuBaØkmµenaH eKRtac;eTAkñ úgeTvta nigmnusSTaMgLay

kñúgBuTú §b,aTkalenH )anmkekItkñ úgRtkUlRBahµN_ kñ úgRkúgraCRKwH

)annamfa )arabriy³ eRBaHCaepABgSén)arabreKaRt luHdwgkþIehIy

erogcb;éRtevT beRgónmnþdl;RBahµN_cMnYneRcIn eXIjBuT§anuPaB

kalRBHsasþaesþcyagmkRkúgraCRKwH mansT§a bYsehIy ceRmIn


vibsSna k¾)anseRmcRBHGrhtþkñúgkalminyUr .


RBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa biyTsSI symÖÚ

CaGñk ENnaMstVelak Rtas;dwgedayRBHGgÁÉg

RTg;R)afñakñúg vievk QøaskñúgsmaFi CaRBHmunI .

RBHmhamunIRBHnamfa biyTsSI Ca]tþmburs

esþcyageTAkan;éRBsNÐ³ RTg;RkalsMBt;bgSúkUl

ehIyRTg;Rbfab; .

kñúgkalmun eyIgCaRBanRmwKenAkñúgéRBFM kñúg

RKaenaH eyIgRtac;EsVgrkRmwKenAkñ úgéRBenaH .

eyIg)aneXIjRBHsm<úT § RTg;qøg»X³ehIy

minmanGasv³ eRbóbdUcesþcraMg manpáarIk dUcdYg

RBHGaTitü]T½y .

RKaeXIjRBHBuT§RBHnamfa biyTsSI RTg;man

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 74 TMB½r 187¦ Ca RBHbTumkUdaKar iketßr .


RBHysFMehIy eyIg)ancuHeTAkan;RsHQUk naMyk

páaQUkmkkñúgxN³enaH .

RKanaMykpáaQUkEdlCaTIrIkraycitþ mkehIy

eTIbsagpÞHkMBUl ¬R)asaT¦ ehIyRbk;)aMgedaypáa

QUk .

RBHBuT§CinRsI RBHnamfa biyTsSI Camha

munI RTg;GnueRKaH RbkbedayRBHkruNa RTg;Rbfab;

enAkñ úgkUdaKar 7 yb; 7 éf¶ .

eyIgykpáaQUkEdlcas;² ecal ehIyRbk;

)aMgedaypáaQUkfµI xN³enaHÉg eyIgk¾)anQrpÁg

GBa¢lI .

RBHmhamunIRBHnamfa biyTsSI RTg;CaGñknaM

énelak esþcecjcaksmaFiehIy Rbfab;Kg;eqµóg

emIlTis .

kñúgRKaenaH RBHefr³Ca]bdæak namfa suT-


sSn³ manbJT§×eRcIn dwgRBHtRmiHrbs;RBHBuT§ RBHnam

fa biyTsSI RTg;Casasþa

EdlPikçú 80>000 rUb EhhmehIy cUleTA

Kal;RBHBuT§ RTg;CaGñknaMénelak EdlRbfab;Kg;

enARtg;CayéRB .

nigkñúgRKaenaH eTvtaEdlsßitenAkñúgéRBsNÐ³

manRbmaNb:uNÑa eTvtaTaMgenaHRCabRBHBuT§tRmiH

ehIy k¾naMKñamkRbCuMTa MgGs; .

kalBYkykSkumÖNÐ RBmTaMgBYkGarkSTwkmk

RBmKña nigkalPikçúsgÇk¾mkdl;RBmehIy RBHCin-

RsI)anRtas;RBHKafafa

buKÁlNabUCatfaKtGs; 7 éf¶ nig)ansag

GavasfVaytfaKt tfaKtnwgBüakrN_buKÁlenaH

GñkTaMgLaycUrsþab;tfaKteBal

tfaKtnwgBüakrN_vtß ú EdleXIj)anlM)ak


éRkElg l¥itéRkElg RCaleRCA R)akdedayjaN

GñkTaMgLaycUrsþab;tfaKteBal

buKÁlenaH nwg)anesaysm,tþik ñ úgeTvelak

Gs; 14 kb, eTvtanwgRTRTg;TukenApÞHkMBUld¾RbesIr

rbs;eK EdlRbk;)aMgedaypáaQUkTukkñúgGakas enH

CaplénbuBVkmµ eKnwgvilvl;Gs; 1>400 kb,

kñúg 1>400 kb,enaH vimanpáaQUknwgtaMg

enAkñúgGakas TwkrEmgminCab;elIsøwkQUk y:agNa

kielsk¾minCab;enAkñúgjaNrbs;buKÁlenaH

y:agenaH buKÁlenH nwgrYccaknIvrN³TaMg 5 ecj

GMBIcitþ)an

júa Mgcitþ[ekItenAkñ úgenkçmµ³ehIy nwgecj

bYs kñúgRKaenaH vimanpáaeQIEdltaMgenA k¾nwgR)akd

eTApg .

kalbuKÁlenaHmanR)aCJa manstienARtg;Kl;


eQI TIKl;eQIenaH vimanpáaeQInwgtaMgenAelIsIs³

rbs;buKÁlenaH

buKÁlenaHnwgfVaycIvr biNÐ)at Kilanb,c©½y

TIedk nigTIGgÁúycMeBaHPikç úsgÇehIy nwgminman

Gasv³ ehIyniBVan

kalbuKÁlenaHecjbYs pÞHkMBUlk¾tameTApg

kaleKGgÁúyRtg;Kl;eQI pÞHkMBUlk¾taMgenA .

ectna ¬karEsVgrk¦ kñúgcIvr nigbiNÐ)atrEmg

minmandl;eyIg eyIgRbkbedaybuBaØkmµ eTIb)an

cIvr nigbiNÐ)atEdlseRmcehIy .

RBHBuT§RTg;CaGñknaMénelakeRcInRBHGgÁ knøg

eyIgeTATeT² Gs;eRcInekadikb, rab;RbmaNmin

)an .

kñúgkb,TI 1>800 GMBIPTÞkb,enH eyIgeTIb)an

Kal;RBHBuT§RBHnamfa biyTsSI RTg;CaGñknaMy:ag


viess ehIyeTIbcUldl;kMeNItenH .

eyIg)aneXIjRBHsmµasm<úT§ RBHnamfa Gena-

mTsSI RTg;manRBHckçú )ancUlKal;RBHGgÁehIy

bYsCabBVCit .

RBHBuT§CinRsI RTg;eFVITIbMputTukç RTg;)ansEmþg

RBHsT§mµ eyIgsþab;Fm’rbs;RBHGgÁehIy k¾)anluH

nUvbTEdlminjab;j½rehIy .

eyIgjúaMgRBHsmµasm<úT§ RBHnamfa eKatm-

skübutþ [RTg;eR)as kMNt;dwgGasv³TaMgBYgehIy

CaGñkminmanGasv³ .

kñúgkb,TI 1>800 GMBIPTÞkb,enH eyIg)anbUCa

RBHBuT§Na eRBaHkmµenaH eyIgminEdlsÁal;TuKÁti

eLIy enHCaplénBuT§bUCa .




RBHefr³kalseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy BicarNaemIlvtþbdibtþ i

rbs;xø Ün ekItesckþIesamnsS eTIbeBalKafaCa]Tanfa

eyIglHbg;psSaytn³TaMg 6 Rbkar)anehIy

CaGñkRKb;RKgTVar sRgÜmehIyedayl¥ km©at;nUvsBV-

kielsEdlCab£sKl;énvdþTukç)anehIy seRmckar

Gs;Gasv³ehIy .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa qpsSayten hitVa ¬eyIglHbg;

psSaytn³ 6 Rbkar¦ esckþIfa lHnUvGaytn³EdlRbRBwtþeTA

kñ úgxagkñ úg 6 manckçúCaedIm Edl)aneQµaHfa psSaytn³ eRBaH

CaTIekIteLIgénsmösS 6 manckçúsmösSCaedIm edayGMNacén

karlHPaBesAhµgEdlCab;edayGaytn³ EdlRbRBwtþeTAkñúgxag

kñúgenaH .

bTfa KutþTVaera susMvueta ¬CaGñkRKb;RKgTVarehIy sRgÜm

ehIyedayl¥¦ esckþIfa eRBaHehtuenaHÉg eTIbeQµaHfa CaGñk

RKb;RKgTVarehIy sRgÜmehIyedayl¥ eRBaHRKb;RKgTaMgLayman


ckçúTVarCaedIm ¬nig¦ eRBaH)anbiT)aMgTukehIyedayl¥ nUvkareFVIEdl

RbRBwtþeTAkñúgckç úTVarCaedImenaH edayTVar KW sti EdlhamnUvkar

cUleTAén)abFm’TaMgLay manGPiCÄaCaedIm . mü:ageTot kñúgbT

fa CaGñkRKb;RKgTVarehIy sRgÜmehIyedayl¥ enH Kb,IRCabn½y

y:agenHfa eQµaHfa CaGñkRKb;RKgTVarehIy eRBaHrkSaTVarTaMg 6

EdlmancitþCaKRmb; 6 Tuk)an edayn½ydUceBalehIy eQµaHfa

sRgÜmehIyedayl¥ eRBaHsRgÜmehIyedayl¥ tamTVarTaMgLay

mankayTVarCaedIm .

bTfa GXmUlM vmitVan ¬km©at;nUvsBVkielsEdlCabJsKl;

énvdþTukç)anehIy¦ esckþIfa km©at;ecj)annUveTas eBalKW GviC¢a

nigPvtNða EdlCabJsKl;énTukç KW vdþTukç b¤x¢ak;kielseTas

TaMgBYg KW eFV I[ecjeTAeRkAsnþan edayTwksRmab;CRmH eBal

KW GriymKÁ b¤eRBaHehtu KW eFV ITukxageRkA .

bTfa betþa em Gasvkçeya ¬seRmckarGs;Gasv³ehIy¦

esckþIfa eQµaHfa Gs;Gasv³ eRBaHCaTIGs;eTAénGasv³TaMgLay


mankamasv³CaedIm b¤eRBaHseRmcedaykarGs;eTAénGasv³TaMgenaH

)andl; RBHniBVan nigGrhtþpl .

RBHefr³enaHBüakrN_RBHGrhtþplCa]Tanfa {eyIgseRmc

KW dl;nUvkarGs;Gasv³ehIy} .

cb;Gdækfa )rabriyefrKafaTI 6

3

-435- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 12 ysefrKafaTI 7

Gdðkza ysezrKazaTI 7

[118] suvilietþa suvsena sBVakrNPUsieta

tiesSa viC¢a GCÄKmw ktM BuT §sSsasnnþi .

´manxøÜneR)aHRBMl¥ esøókBak;l¥ s¥its¥agedayeRKÓg

Rbdab;RKb;y:ag )anviC¢a 3 Rbkar BuT§sasna´k¾)an

eFV IehIy .

RBHysetßr .

Kafarbs;RBHysetßr manBaküepþ Imfa eyIgCaGñkeR)aHRBM

l¥ehIy . erOgekIteLIgdUcemþc?


GgÁmun² snSMbuNüEdlCa]bnisS½yénRBHniBVanTukkñúgPBenaH² kñúg

kalénRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa suemF³ ekItCaesþcnaKmanGanuPaB

eRcIn nimnþPikç úsgÇmanRBHBuT§CaRbFan mkkan;PBrbs;xø Ün ehIy

fVaymhaTan nimnþRBHmanRBHPaK[RTg;RKgéRtcIvrmantémøeRcIn nig

nimnþPikç úmYyrUb ² esøókdNþb;sMBt;EdlmantémøeRcIndUcKñaRKb;rUb


mYyKU² ¬RBmeday¦ smNbrikçarRKb;y:ag .

edaybuBaØkmµenaH eKGenÞaleTAmkkñúgeTvta nigmnusSTaMg

Lay . kñúgkalrbs;RBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa siT§tß³ ekItCabutþ

esdæI )anbUCabrievNedImmhaeBaFiedayrtn³ 7 Rbkar . kñúgkal

énRBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamfa ksSb³ eK)anbYskñúgRBHsasna ehIy

bMeBjsmNFm’ . eKRtac;rgÁat;eTAkñúgsuKtiEtmü:ag edayGakar

y:agenH mkekItCabutþesdæI mansm,tþieRcIn kñ úgRkúgBaraNsI .

kñúgkalénRBHmanRBHPaKrbs;eyIgTaMgLayenH maneQµaHfa ys³

CaGñksuxumalCatiy:agéRkElg . erOgTaMgGs;manCaedImfa ys-

kulbutþmanR)asaT 3 xñg Kb,IRCabedayn½yEdleBalehIykñúg

xn§k³ .

yskulbutþ EdlbuBVehtudas;etOnehIy eXIjGakarxus

RbRktIrbs;brivarCn Edledklk;kñ úgevlayb; ekItesckþItk;søút

Bak;RTnab;eCIgmas lbecjcakpÞH ecjeTAtamTVarRkúgEdleTvta

ebIk[ eTACitéRB\sibnmiKTayv½n eBalfa {vwkvrhñ+ elakd¾ceRmIn


Cab;CMBak;hñ+ elakd¾ceRmIn} k¾sm½yenaH RBHmanRBHPaKRTg;Rbfab;

enAéRB\sibtn³ esþcc®gámkñúgTIval edIm,InwgRTg;GnueRKaHkulbutþ

enaHÉg )anRtas;fa {mkcuHys³ TIenHminvwkvr TIenHminmankar

Cab;CMBak;} eKeTIbekItesamnsSfa {)anB¤fa sßanTIEdlminvwkvr

TIminCab;CMBak; manehIy} eTIbedaHRTnab;eCIgmas cUleTAKal;RBH

manRBHPaK GgÁúykñúgTIEdlsmKYrmçag kalRBHsasþaRtas;Gnu-

buBV Ikfa ehIysEmþgsc©³ kñúgevlacb;sc©³ k¾)anCaRBHesatabnñ

kalRBHmanRBHPaKRTg;sEmþgsc©³dl;bitatamrk elakk¾)aneFV I[

Cak;c,as;nUvRBHGrhtþ .


TIenArbs;eyIglycUlkñúgmhasmuRT tak;

Etgl¥ehIy RsHe)akçrNItak;Etgl¥s¥at manstV

cakRkBakERskyM .

edrdasedayedImcgáúlNI páaQUk nigpáa

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 74 TMB½r 203¦ Ca RBHsBVTayketßr .


]b,l kñúgRsHmanTwkhUr mankMBg;TwkrabesµI KYr

rIkraycitþ .

manRtI nigGeNþIk manRmwKepSg² mkcuHpwk

Twk manstVek¶ak stVeRkól nigstVtaevACaedIm

yMedaysMeLgd¾BIeraH .

BYkstVllk Rbvwk caRkBak Ek¥kTwk

Rtedvvi uc salika cegáólxüg e):aletak .

hgS stVeRkól stVesk stVeckTMud¾eRcIn

Rtac;eTA RsHe)akçrNIsm,ÚredayEkv 7 Rbkar man

EkvmNI Ekvmukþa nigxüac; .

edImeQITaMgLayk¾manBN’masTaMgGs; man

køinRkGUbepSg² pSayeTA júa MgTIenArbs;eyIg[

rugerOgGs;kalTaMgBYg TaMgéf¶TaMgyb; .

eRKÓgt®nþI 60>000 RbKuMTaMgevlal¶acevla

RBwk RsI 16>000 nak; ecamerameyIgRKb;kal .


eyIgecjcakTIenAehIy )aneXIjRBHBuT§RBH

namfa suemF³ RTg;CaGñknaMénelak k¾mancitþRCHføa

mancitþesamnsS )anfVaybgÁMRBHGgÁRTg;manys

FM .

luHfVaybgÁMRBHsmµasm<úT§ehIy )anTUlGa-

raFnaRBHGgÁ RBmTaMgRBHsgÇsavk .

RBHBuT§RBHnamfa suemF³ RTg;CaGñkR)aCJ Ca

GñknaMénelak RTg;TTYlGaraFnaehIy .

RBHmhamunIRtas;Fmµkfadl;eyIg ehIyRTg;

bBa¢ÚneyIgeTA eyIgfVaybgÁMRBHsmµasm<úT§ehIy k¾

RtLb;eTAkan;TIenArbs;eyIg .

eyIgehACnCabrivarmk ehIybgÁab;fa Gñk

TaMgLaycUrmkRbCuMKña evlaRBwkRBHBuT§esþcnwgyag

mkkan;TIenArbs;eyIg .

karEdleyIgTaMgLay )anenAkñúgsmñak;rbs;


RBHGgÁ CalaPEdleyIgTaMgLay)anl¥ehIy kar

EdleyIg)aneFVIkarbUCaRBHBuT§d¾RbesIrbMput RTg;Ca

RBHsasþa k¾CalaP .

eyIgeRtóm)ay nigTwkeRscehIy eTIbRkab

TUlPtþkal RBHBuT§CaGñknaMénelak esþcyagcUl

mk RBmedayRBHGrhnþ 100>000 rUb .

eyIg)aneFV IkareRkakTTYl edaysgÁIt³ nig

t®nþI RBHBuT§RTg;Ca]tþmburs Rbfab;Kg;elItaMgmas

suT§ .

dMbUgxagelIk¾Rbk;edaymassuT§² kñúgRKaenaH

pø itTaMgLay k¾bk;kñ úgcenøaHénPikç úsgÇ .

eyIgk¾)anGegáósPikç úsgÇ [Eq¥tsáb;sál;

eday)ay nigTwk )anfVaysMBt;cMeBaHPikçúsgÇmYy

rUb 1 KU .

RBHBuT§EdleK)ansÁal;fa suemF³ RTg;smKYr


TTYleRKÓgbUCarbs;elak Rbfab;Kg;kñ úgkNþalén

Pikç úsgÇehIy )anRtas;RBHKafaTaMgenHfa

buKÁlNa)anGegáóstfaKt[Eq¥tsáb;sál;

eday)ay nigTwkTaMgBYg tfaKtnwgBüakrN_buKÁl

enaH GñkTaMgLaycUrsþab;tfaKteBal

GñkenaHnwgrIkrayenAkñúgeTvelak Gs; 18>000

kb, nwg)anCaesþccRkBtþi 1>000 dg

buKÁlenaHcUldl;kMeNItNa KW nwgCaeTvta

b¤mnusSkþI kñúgkMeNItenaH² dMbUlmassuT§² nwgkar

BarCamøb;[RKb;xN³ .

kñúgkb,TI 30>000 RBHsasþaRTg;RBHnamfa

eKatmedayRBHeKaRt EdlRTg;smÖBkñúgvgSRBH)aT

»káakraC esþcnwg]b,tþ ieLIgkñ úgelak .

buKÁlenaH nwgCaFmµTayaTrbs;RBHBuT§ RBH

GgÁenaH Ca»rsEdlFmµnimitþ kMNt;dwgGasv³TaMg


BYg CaGñkminmanGasv³ ehIyniBVan

nwgGgÁúykñúgkNþalsgÇehIy bnøWsIhnaf

CnTaMgLay nwg)aMgq½RtTukRTg;eCIgfár nwgdutxag

eRkamq½Rt .

samBaØplEdleyIg)anseRmcehIy eday

lMdab; eyIgdutkielsTaMgLayehIy esckþIekþA

Rkhayminmandl;eyIg Rtg;mNÐb b¤Rtg;Kl;eQI

eLIy .

kñúgkb,TI 30>000 eyIg)anfVayTanNa kñúg

RKaenaH eRBaHTanenaH eyIgminEdlsÁal;TuKÁtieLIy

enHCaplénTanTaMgBYg .



lMdab;enaH RBHmanRBHPaKRTg;laRBHhtßxagsþaMecj ehIy

Rtas;nwgys³fa {cUrmkCaPikçúcuH} . kñúgrvagRBHBuT§tRmas;enaHÉg


RBHys³k¾CaGñkmansk; nigBukmat;sl;RtwmEt 2 GgÁúlI RTRTg;

brikçar 8 R)akddUcCaRBHefr³manvsSa 60 . RBHefr³BicarNa

emIlvtþbdibtþirbs;xøÜnehIy kalnwgbnøW]Tan )aneBalKafaeday

sEmþgerOgtaMgGMBIedImrhUtdl;PaBCaÉhiPikçúfa

eyIgCaGñkeR)aHRBMl¥ehIy maneRKÓgesøók-

dNþb;d¾s¥at Rbdab;edaysBVaPrN³ )anseRmcviC¢a

3 ehIy BaküTUnµanrbs;RBHBuT§ eyIgeFVIcb;ehIy .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa suvilietþa ¬CaGñkeR)aHRBMl¥ehIy¦

esckþIfa manragkayEdllablnehIy edaybJss,ÚvPøa Mg cnÞ-

Rkhm d¾l¥s¥at .

bTfa suvsena ¬maneRKÓgesøókdNþb;d¾l¥¦ esckþIfa esøók

dNþb;edaysMBt;rbs;GñkEdnkasIy:agl¥ mantémøéfø .

bTfa sBVaPrNPUsieta ¬Rbdab;edaysBVaPrN³¦ esckþI

fa Rbdab;ehIyedayGaPrN³TaMgBYg maneRKÓgRbdab;sIs³CaedIm .

bTfa GCÄKmw ¬)anseRmc¦ )andl; )anseRmcehIy .


Baküd¾essmann½ydUceBalmkehIyenaHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa ysefrKafaTI 7

3

-445- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 12 kim< ilefrKafaTI 8

Gdðkza kim¬ilezrKazaTI 8

[119] GPisetßav nibtti veya

rUbM GBaØmiv tefv snþM

tesSv seta Gvib,vseta

GBaØesSv srami Gtþannþi .

v½y ¬ rbs;stV ¦ rEmgFøak;cuH hak;dUcCaRtÚveTvta

beNþj rUb ¬rbs;eyIg¦ kalmanenA edayRbkar

dUecñaH Ethak;dUcCarUbGñkdéT xøÜnénaH kalmanBit

Ethak;dUcCaminman ´rBJkeXIjxøÜn ¬rbs;´¦ hak;

dUcCarBJkeXIjxøÜn rbs;GñkdéTEdr .

RBHkim<iletßr .

Kafarbs;RBHkim<iletßr manBaküepþImfa v½yrEmgknøgputeTA

dUcRtÚveTvtabeNþj . erOgmanmkdUcemþc?


GgÁmun² eFV IbuNüTaMgLayTukkñ úgPBenaH² kñúgkalénRBHmanRBH-


PaKRBHnamfa kkusn§³ ekItkñúgpÞHmanRtkUl luHdwgkþ IehIy kal

RBHmanRBHPaKbriniBVanehIy )aneFVIkarbUCaedaypáaRsl; edayeFVI

CamNÐb ]TÞiscMeBaHRBHFatuRBHsasþa .

edaybuBaØkmµenaH elakekItkñúgtavtþ igS Rtac;rgÁat;eTAmkkñúg

eTvta nigmnusSTaMgLay kñúgBuTú §b,aTkalenH mkekItkñúgRtkUl

énesþcskü³ kñúgRkúgkbilBsþú mannamfa kim<il³ . esþckim<il³

ceRmInv½yehIy bribUN’edayePaKsm,tþi RBHsasþaesþcRbfab;

enAGnubiyniKm RTg;eXIjPaBcas;køaénjaNrbs;elak edIm,Inwg

[ekItesckþIsegVK eTIbRTg;nimµitrUb®sþIEdlenAkñ úgv½yRkmuM s¥at

KYrKyKn; [R)akdcMeBaHmux tmk eFVI[RtÚvesckþIvinasedayCra

nigeraKRKbsgát;edaylMdab; . kim< ilkumar eXIjdUecñaH kalnwg

RbkasesckþIsegVKy:agxøa Mg k¾)aneBalKafafa

v½yrEmgknøgputeTA dUcCaRtÚveTvtabeNþj rUb

EdlmanehIyedayRbkarenaH rEmgR)akddl;eyIg

dUcCay:agdéT eyIgrBJkdl;xøÜnrbs;eyIg EdlenA

-447- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 12 kim<ilefrKafaTI 8

minR)ascaksti ¬faCa¦ dUcCaxøÜnrbs;GñkdéT .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa GPisetßav ¬dUcRtÚveTvtabeNþj¦

esckþIfa dUcCaeTvtabBa¢a KW bgÁab;fa cUrknøgeTA[rh½s kuMenA

yWtyUr . )az³fa GPisedæav dUecñHk¾man GFib,ayfa dUcCaRtÚv

nrNa² pþasafa cUrknøgeTAedayrh½s .

bTfa nibtti ¬knøgeTA¦ esckþIfa rEmgruHeray KW ERbRbÜl

mintaMgenA)an GFib,ayfa dl;esckþIvinaseTARKb;² xN³ .

bTfa veya ¬v½y¦ )andl; esckþIERbRbÜlEdlecjGMBIrag

kay mansPaBCaekµgtUc CakemøaH RkmuM CaedIm EtkñúgbTenH elak

sMedAdl;PaBCakemøaHRkmuM rbs;rUbkayenaH eRBaHPaBCakemøaHRkmuM

rbs;rUbkayenaH kñúgevlaruHeray evlaEbkFøay nwgCarbs;R)akd

c,as; .

RBHefr³ehAesckþIsm,Úrrbs;rUbfa rUb k¾srIr³eQµaHfa rUb

dUckñúgRbeyaKCaedImfa {Gakas ¬lMh¦ EdlGaRs½yq¥wg GaRs½y

sés nigGaRs½ysac;bUklab rEmgdl;nUvkarrab;fa rUb} .


bTfa GBaØmiv tefv snþM ¬rEmgR)akddl;eyIgdUcCarbs;

déT¦ )andl; rUbmanRbmaNb:ueNÑH . GFib,ayfa rUbenHEdlman

ehIy KW R)akdehIyy:agenaHÉg KW edayGakarenaHÉg k¾rEmg

R)akddl;eyIg dUcCarbs;déT k¾GacarüBYkxøHeBalfa teTv snþM

¬rUbenaHÉgmanehIy¦ k¾man .

bTfa tesSv seta ¬rBJkdl;xøÜnrbs;eyIg¦ )andl; rBJk

dl;xø Ünrbs;eyIgenaHÉg EdlmanehIymindUcrbs;GñkdéT .

bTfa Gvib,vseta ¬GñkenAminR)ascaksti¦ esckþIfa min

enAR)ascaksti GFib,ayfa k¾rUbsUm,IminERbRbÜleTACay:agdéT

eRBaHtaMgenAyUr rEmgR)akddl;eyIgEdlmansti dUcCarbs;déT

sUm,Ir UbenHk¾minmankñ úgsrIr³enH .

bTfa GBaØesSv srami GtþanM ¬eyIgrBJkdl;xøÜnrbs;eyIg>>>

¬faCa¦ dUcCaxøÜnrbs;GñkdéT¦ esckþIfa eyIgrEmgrBJk KW cUleTA

cgcaM )andl; dwgc,as;nUvGtþPaBrbs;eyIgenH fa dUcCaGtþPaB

rbs;stVdéT .

-449- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 12 kim< ilefrKafaTI 8

esckþIsegVKy:agxøaMg ekIteLIgehIydl;kim<ilkumarenaH Gñk

eFVITukkñúgcitþdl;sPaBCarbs;mineTogy:agenH . RBHGgÁekItesckþI

segVKehIy cUleTAKal;RBHsasþa sþab;Fm’ehIy ekItsT§a bYs

ehIy epþ ImtaMgvibsSna k¾)anseRmcRBHGrhtþkñ úgkalminyUr .


kalRBHBuT§RBHnamfa kkusn§³ d¾RbesIr RTg;

enAcb;RBhµcriy³ esþcbriniBVan eyIg)ankan;yk

kRmgpáaRsl;mkeFV ICamNÐb .

eyIg)ancUldl;sYK’Can;tavtþigS )anvimand¾

]tþm RKbsgát;eTvtaBYkdéT enHCaplénbuBaØkmµ .

eyIgedIr nigQrenAkñúgevlaéf¶ b¤yb; k¾man

páaRsl;kM)aMgTuk enHCaplénbuBaØkmµ .

kñúgkb,enHÉg eyIg)anbUCaRBHBuT§GgÁNa

eRBaHkarbUCaenaH eyIgminEdlsÁal;TuKÁtieLIy enH

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 74 TMB½r 202¦ Ca RBHslLmNÐbiyetßr .


CaplénBuT§bUCa .



RBHefr³sUm,IseRmcRBHGrhtþehIy kalnwgRbkasdl;kar

eFV ITukkñúgcitþkñ úgsPaBmineTogEdlekIteLIgdl;elakmkGMBImun k¾

)aneBalKafaenaHdEdleTot eRBaHehtuenaH BaküCaKafaenH eTIb

CakarBüakrN_RBHGrhtþplrbs;RBHefr³enH .

cb;Gdækfa kim< ilefrKafaTI 8

3

-451- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 12 vC¢ IbutþefrKafaTI 9

Gdðkza vC¢IbutþezrKazaTI 9

[120] r ukçmUlKhnM bskçiy

niBVanM hTysµw »biy

Qay eKatm ma c bmaeTa

kienþ BiLiBiLika krisStIti .

GñkcUleTAkan;Kl;eQI nigéRBjats,at ehIy

RkesabykRBHniBVan ¬mkdak;¦ kñúghbJT½y)an En

eKatm GñkcUrBinitücuH kuMmanesckþIRbmaTeLIy

esckþIraymaycitþ nwgeFV IGV I dl;GñkekIt .

RBHvC¢ Ibutþetßr .

Kafarbs;RBHvC¢Ibutþetßr epþImfa GannþCaeKatmeKaRt . erOg

manmkdUcemþc?


GgÁmun² snSMbuNüEdlCa]bnisS½yénRBHniBVanTukkñ úgPBenaH² .

kñúgkb,TI 94 GMBIPTÞkb,enH eXIjRBHbec©kBuT§mYyGgÁ nimnþEsVg


rkPikça k¾mancitþRCHføa )anfVayEpøeck .


GenÞaleTAmkenAkñ úgeTvta nigmnusS . kñúgBuTú §b,aTkalenH mk

ekItCa»rsénesþclicävI kñúgRkúgevsalI mannamfa vC¢Ibutþ eRBaHCa

»rsrbs;esþcvC¢I . RBHGgÁceRmInv½yehIy sUm,IkñúgevlaEdlRTg;

sikSasil,³Tak;TgCamYyviC¢adMrICaedIm k¾CaGñkmanGFüaRs½ybeg¥an

eTAkñúgpøÚvecjGMBITukç eRBaHPaBCaGñkbribUN’edayehtu kñúgevlaEdl

RBHsasþaRTg;sEmþgRBHFm’eTsna eKeTAkan;vihar GgÁúyenAcugbris½T

sþab;Fm’ehIy k¾ekItsT§aRCHføa eTIbbYskñúgsmñak;rbs;RBHsasþa

ceRmInvibsSna )anseRmcGPiBaØa 6 kñúgevlaminyUr .


RBHmanRBHPaKCasymÖÚ RTg;manrsµIrab;Ban;

RTg;mincaj;calGVI ecjcakvievkehIy esþcyag

biNÐ)at eyIgkan;EpøeQI )aneXIjehIy eTIb)an

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 75 TMB½r 232¦ Ca RBHGvdpliyetßr .


cUleTArkRBHnrasP³ eyIgmancitþRCHføa mancitþ

esamnsS )anfVayEpøeQI .


EpøeQINa kñúgkalenaH eRBaHkarfVayEpøeQIenaH

eyIgminEdlsÁal;TuKÁtieLIy enHCaplénkarfVay

EpøeQI .



elakluH)anseRmcGPiBaØa 6 ehIy kñúgkaltmk eRkayBI

RBHsasþaesþcbriniBVanminyUrb: unµan kalRBHmhaefr³TaMgLaytaMg

karkMNt;edIm,IsgÁaynaRBHFm’vin½y sñak;enAtamTIepSg² éf¶mYy

elakeXIjRBHGannÞ TaMgEdlenACaRBHeskç³ enAmanbris½TFMEhhm

sEmþgFm’ kalnwgjúaMg]sSah³[ekItdl;RBHGannÞenaH edIm,I[

)anseRmcmKÁCan;xagelI² eLIgeTA k¾)aneBalKafafa

GannÞGñkeKatmeKaRt elakcUrcUleTAkan;edIm


eQI nigéRBjats,at cUrkMNt;RBHniBVanTukkñúgcitþ

ehIycUrsmøwgQan nigkuMRbmaT sMeLgKwkkgrbs;

mnusSnwgeFV IRbeyaCn_GV Idl;elak)an .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa rukçmUlKhnM ¬edImeQIRtg;éRBjat

s,at¦ )andl; éRBjats,atEdlmanedImeQI eRBaHmanjats,at

minmanKl;eQIk¾man manedImeQIminmanjats,atk¾man kñúg 2

y:agenaH RBHefr³sEmþgkarminmanGnþrayGMBIxül; nigkemþAéf¶ eRBaH

CasßanTIEdlmanmøb; edaysBÞfa rukçmUl ¬Kl;eQI¦ . sEmþgkar

minmanGnþrayGMBIxül; eRBaHs¶at;xül; nigsEmþgkarminmanmnusS

BBak;BBUn edaysBÞfa Khn ¬jats,at¦ nigsEmþgdl;sßanTI

smKYrdl;karceRmInPavna edaysBÞTaMg 2 enaH .

bTfa bskáiy esµIKñanwg «bKnþ¡a ¬cUleTA¦ .

bTfa niBVanM hTysµw »biy ¬cUrkMNt;RBHniBVanTukkñúgcitþ¦

esckþIfa taMgRBHniBVanTukkñ úgcitþ KW eFVITukkñ úgcitþfa ebIeyIgbdi-

btþiy:agenH RtÚvseRmcRBHniBVan)an .


bTfa Qay ¬cUrsmøwgQan¦ esckþIfa cUrsmøwgedaylkç-

NUbniCÄan KW cUrjúaMgmKÁPavna EdlRbkbedayvibsSnaPavna[

ceRmIn . RBHefr³ehARBHGannÞEdlCaFmµPNÐaKarik³edayeKaRtfa

eKatmeKaRt .

bTfa ma c bmaeTa ¬nigkuMRbmaT¦ esckþIfa kuMdl;esckþI

RbmaTkñúgGFikuslFm’TaMgLay . \LÚvenH RBHefr³kalnwgsEmþg

karhamdl;esckþIRbmaTEdlRBHGannÞetßrman eTIbeBalfa sMeLg

Kwkkgrbs;mnusS nwgeFV IRbeyaCn_GV I[elak)an .

bTfa BiLiBiLika ¬sMeLgKwkkg¦ kñúg)aTKafaenaH )andl;

kiriyaeBalBIenHBIenaH . RBHefr³)an[»vaTfa {sMeLgEdlRbRBwtþ

eTABIenHBIenaH rEmgKµanRbeyaCn_ y:agNa karsEmþgecj ¬bBaØtþi¦

rbs;BBYkCnEdldUcCakareBalBIenHBIenaH k¾y:agenaH nwgeFVIRb-

eyaCn_ GV I[elak)an KW nwgjúaMgRbeyaCn_GVI[seRmcdl;elak

eRBaHehtuenaH GñkxVl;xVaykñúgRbeyaCn_rbs;xøÜn eTIbRtÚvlHbg;kar

sEmþgecjrbs;BBYkCnenaH .


RBHGannÞetßrsþab;KafaEdlCa»vaTenaHehIy ekItenAesckþI

segVK edayBaküEdlCndéTeBal hak;dUcCaxül;bk;ykkøinBis

mkb:H eTIbjúaMgeBlevla[knøgeTAedaykaredIrc®gám rhUtdl;

GruNrH ceRmInvibsSna ehIycUleTAkan;esnasn³ lµmeBlTeRmt

kayelIERKb:ueNÑaH k¾)anseRmcRBHGrhtþ .

cb;Gdækfa vC¢ IbutþefrKafaTI 9

3

-457- Gdækfa Ékni)t vKÁTI 12 \siTtþefrKafaTI 10

Gdðkza «siTtþezrKazaTI 10

[121] bBa©kçn§a briBaØata tidænþ i qinñmUlka

Tukçkçeya Gnub,etþa betþa em Gasvkçeyati .

xn§TaMg 5 manbJsKl;dac; Edl´kMNt;dwgc,as;

ehIy karGs;eTAénTukç ´)andl;ehIy karGs;eTA

énGasv³ ´k¾)andl;ehIyEdr .

RBH\siTtþetßr .

Kafarbs;RBH\siTtþetßr epþImfa bBa©kçn§ ´RBHGgÁkMNt;dwg

ehIy . erOgmanmkdUcemþc?


GgÁmun² snSMbuNüEdlCa]bnisS½yénRBHniBVanTukkñúgPBenaH² .

kñúgkalénRBHmanRBHPaK RBHnamfa vibsSI ekItkñ úgpÞHmanRtkUl

evladwgkþ IehIy éf¶mYy eXIjRBHmanRBHPaKesþcyageTAtampøÚv

mancitþRCHføa )anfVayEpøsVaymanBN’dUcmas¬1¦ manrsEp¥m .

1¦ kñ úgGbTan Ca EpøGemarRBwkS .


edaybuBaØkmµenaH eKRtac;rgÁat;eTAkñ úgeTvelak eFV IbuNüt²

mk GenÞaleTAmkkñúgeTvta nigmnusSTaMgLay . kñúgBuTú §b,aT

kalenH mkekItCabutþrbs;kUnnayreTHmñak; kñ úgvDÆRKam EdnGvnþI

mannamfa \siTtþ³ . eKceRmInv½yehIy CasMLaj;EdlminFøab;

)aneXIjrbs;citþKhbtI kñúgmcäikasNÐCnbT )anTTYldMNwgEdl

citþKhbtIsresrBN’naRBHBuT§KuNbBa¢ ÚneTA[ ekItesckþIRCHføa

kñ úgRBHsasþa eTIbbYskñúgsmñak;rbs;RBHmhakc©aytnetßr R)arB§

vibsSnaehIy k¾)anCaGñkmanGPiBaØa 6 kñúgkalminyUr .


eyIg)anfVayEpøsVay EdlmanBN’dUcmas

cMeBaHRBHsmµasm<úT§ RTg;manRBHqvIvNÑdUcmas RTg;

smKYrTTYleRKÓgbUCa esþckMBugyageTAkñúgpø Úv .


EpøeQINa kñúgkalenaH eRBaHkarfVayEpøeQIenaH

1¦ GbTan ¬bidkelx 75 TMB½r 237¦ Ca RBHGemarpliyetßr .


eyIg minEdlsÁal;TuKÁtieLIy enHCaénkarfVayEpø

eQI .



elakkalseRmcGPiBaØa 6 ehIy Kitfa nwgeTAkan;TIbeRmI

RBHBuT§ eTIblaRBHefr³ ehIyedIrpøÚveTAkan;mCÄimRbeTsedaylMdab;

cUlKal;RBHsasþa fVaybgÁMehIy Kg;kñúgTId¾smKYrmYy RBHsasþa

RTg;eFVIbdisNæar³ edayRBHtRmas;CaedImfa {Pikçú ynþ KW srIr³

mancká 4 manTVar 9 GñklµmGt;Fn;)anb¤ lµm[RbRBwtþeTA)an

Edrb¤?} kalnwgBüakrN_RBHGrhtþpl eday]eTÞsnwgTUltb eday

Rbkas[RCabfa {bBiRtRBHmanRBHPaK cab;epþ ImGMBIevlaEdl´

RBHGgÁ)anTTYldMNwgrbs;RBHBuT§ TukçTaMgBYgrbs;´RBHGgÁk¾R)as

eTAGs; GnþrayTaMgBYgk¾s¶b;rm¶ab;eTATaMgGs;} ehIy)aneBalKafa

enHfa


bBa©kçn§ ´RBHGgÁkMNt;dwgehIy bBa©kçn§man

b£sKl;dac;ehIy ´RBHGgÁ)andl;karGs;TukçehIy

)andl;karGs;énGasv³ehIy .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa bBa©kçn§a briBaØata ¬bBa©kçn§´RBHGgÁ

kMNt;dwgehIy¦ esckþIfa ])aTankçn§TaMg 5 EdleyIgkMNt;dwg

ehIyedayRbkarTaMgBYg edaymKÁb,BaØaEdlRbkbedayvibsSna-

bBaØafa {enHTukç TukçmanRbmaNb:ueNÑH TukçéRkElgCagenHminman}

GFib,ayfa minmanTukçNa² kñúgbBa©kçn§TaMgenaH EdlnwgRtÚvkMNt;

dwgeTot .

bTfa tidænþi qinñmUlka ¬bBa©kçn§taMgenA manbJkKl;dac;ehIy¦

esckþIfa TukçTaMgenaHrEmgtaMgenA rhUtdl;citþdYgcugeRkaynwgrlt;

eRBaHTukçTaMgenaH EdleyIgkMNt;dwgehIy edayRbkarTaMgBYg KW

eRBaHbJsKl;énkielsmanGviC¢a nigtNðaCaedIm EdleyIgkat;pþac;

ehIy )andl; eRBaHehtuénTukçEdleyIglH)anehIy edayGriy-


mKÁ .

bTfa Tukçkçeya Gnub,etþa ¬´RBHGgÁseRmcdl;karGs;Tukç

ehIy¦ esckþIfa k¾karGs;eTA KW karGs;eTAénvdþTukç eQµaHfa

EdleyIgdl;ehIyedaylMdab; eRBaHsPaBénTukçTaMgenaH manbJs

Kl;EdleyIgkat;pþac;ehIy )andl; RBHniBVaneyIgseRmcehIy .

bTfa betþa em Gasvkçeya ¬)andl;karGs;Gasv³¦ esckþI

fa RBHGrhtþ EdleQµaHfa maneQµaHEdl)anehIyfa karGs;eTA

énGasv³ eRBaHCaplEdlRBHGriybuKÁlKb,I)an kñ úgTIbMputénkar

Gs;eTAénGasv³TaMgLayTaMgBYg mankamasv³CaedIm EdleyIg

seRmcehIy . GFib,ayfa )ancMeBaHehIy . cMENkGacarüBYk

xøHeBalfa GnþimayM smusSeya ¬ragkayenHmanCaRKacugeRkay¦

k¾man . GFib,ayfa ragkay KW GtþPaBrbs;eyIgenH eQµaHfa

mankñúgTIbMput KW CaPBcugeRkayénPBTaMgBYg eRBaHRBHniBVanEdl

eyIgseRmcehIyenaHÉg .


k¾BaküNaEdl´min)aneBalTukkñúgbTenaH² BaküenaHgayehIy

eRBaHmann½ydUcéBalTukGMBImunenaHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa \siTtþefrKafaTI 10


RBHeCnþefr³ 1 RBHvcäeKatþefr³ 1 RBHvnvcäefr³ 1 RBHGFimutþefr³ 1 RBHmhanamefr³ 1 RBH)rabriyefr³ 1 RBHysefr³ 1 RBHkim<ilefr³ 1 RBHvC¢Ibutþefr³ 1 RBH \siTtþefr³ 1

dUecñHÉg .

s t r

rYmRBHefr³EdlmankñúgÉkni)t

kñúgÉkni)t RBHsgÁItikacarüGñkR)fñaRbeyaCn_FM )nrYbrYm RBHefr³GñkeFVIkic©eRscehIy rkGasv³minman

mancMnYn 120 rUb .

cb;Ékni)t

3

raynamsb,úrsCn

cUlrYmksagKm<IrGdækfa 3

-elakRKÚGKÁbNÐit b‘ut savgS >>>>>>>>> $ 2.000 USA -])sk esam rtn³ RBmTaMgPriya

butþ nigecA >>>>>>>>> $ 5.00 USA -])sk taMg supl ])sika Lúg ekn

RBmTaMgbutþ nigecA >>>>>>>>> $ 2.00 USA -kumarI taMg sumavtI >>>>>>>>> $ 1.00 USA -ecARsI v:an; ]tþra

v:an; v:anILa >>>>>>>>> $ 1.00 USA v:an; sahVIy:a

-])sk taMg qay RBmTaMgbutþ nigecA >>>>>>>>> $ 50 USA -])sika taMg pløa ])sika taMg suIfa

RBmTaMgbutþ nigecA >>>>>>>>> $ 50 USA

3

2-5000year.space/0datacenter/book/BOK10102018/TOP/TOPB-008.pdf-2-rIkray nigsYrCabnþ @ eTA . RB¼BuT§vcn£TaMgT,ayen¼ edaysPavFm’ KW Casc©Fm’EdlRTg´Rtas´ sEmþgfa ½ CaFm’d¾RCaleRCA

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