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149647227 Terapi Cairan Dan Elektrolit

Sep 16, 2015

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  • Cairan tubuh (60%) tddIntrasel ( 40%)Ekstrasel (20%)IV (5%)Interstitiel (15%)Transeluler (1-3%)LCS, Sinovial, GI, Intraorbital.

  • Bayi ekstrasel > intraselDewasa intrasel 2x ekstraselPerpindahan cairan dipengaruhi oleh :Tekanan hidrostatikMempengaruhi pergerakan air di dinding kapilerBila albumin hidrostatik onkotik cairan IV masuk ke interstitial edemaTekanan onkotik Mencegah pergerakan air.Tekanan osmotik

  • Tujuan Terapi Cairan:Mengganti kekurangan air dan elektrolitMemenuhi kebutuhanMengatasi syokMengatasi kelainan yang ditimbulkan karena terapi yang diberikan

  • KristaloidBM rendah < 8000 daltonCepat terdistribusi ke ruang ekstraselulerDigunakan untuk pemeliharaan, pengganti, tujuan khususContoh : RL, Ringer, NaCl 0.9%, dekstrose 5% & 10%, Darrow K+, D5%+NS & D5%+1/4 NSKoloidMenyebabkan ekspansi cairan ke IV Lebih lama di IVContoh: Haes, Gelofusin, Hemacele, VoluvenDarahMemperbaiki sirkulasi volume darah dan daya angkut oksigenWB = (Hbx-Hb psn )x BB x 6PRC = (Hbx- Hb psn)x BB x 3

  • IT DEPENDS-Type of patient Type of surgeryAmount of traumaAcute injury vs. electiveAnesthetic, positioningWho you listen to

  • DeficitsMaintenance3rd SpaceBlood loss

  • EstimatePengganti Puasa (maintenance/jam x durasi)Maintenance / jam (2cc/kg)Stress Operasi (4 - 6 - 8 /Ringan Sedang Berat) X BBI PP + M + SOII/III PP + M + SOIV M+ SO

  • Stress Operasi pada anak (2 - 4 - 6 /Ringan Sedang Berat) X BB(4-2-1 rule)4 ml/kg/hr for first 10 kg of body weight2 ml/kg/hr for 2nd 10 kg of body weight1 ml/kg/hr for each kg of body weight above 20 kg

    Based on water loss from burning caloriesfrom Holliday and Segar

  • Third space 2-10 ml/kg/hrBlood losses:3 to 1 ratio of crystalloid to EBL1 to 1 for colloid or blood (or hypertonic saline)

  • TERIMA KASIH

    *********This is based on pediatric studies and thereforemay overestimate needs.**