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• 1. Chapter 13The Civil War

2. Essential Question How would theUnited Stateshave changed ifthe Confederacyhad won thewar?? 3. Sides comparedNorth/Union - South/Confederacy 4. Sides compared North/Union - South/ConfederacyPopulation: North: 20 million people South: 9 million people -including 3.6 million slaves. 5. Sides comparedNorth/Union - South/ConfederacyRailroads: North: 22,000 miles of railroad track. South: 9,000 miles of railroad track. 6. Railroads Attacking armies had to carryenormous supplies of ammunition,food and bandages. The railroad, which had never beenused much in war before, was now animportant factor. 7. Sides compared North/Union - South/Confederacy The North had more factories, factory workers, more money, more banks, more bank credit, more ships, more locomotives, more steel and iron, more farm machinery, and more firearms. 8. Sides comparedNorth/Union - South/Confederacy North: Grew a variety of crops. South: Grew only a few staple crops -tobacco, cotton and rice- which it had toimport in order to obtain all the things itlacked. QuickTime and adecompressor are needed to see this picture. 9. Sides compared North/Union - South/Confederacy North:relied on labor savingdevices like the reaper, forfarming - freeing up men for thearmy. South: relied on slave labor -which could turn on the south atanytime. 10. The Reaper 11. The Rifle 12. QuickTime and a decompressor are needed to see this picture.QuickTime and adecompressorare needed to see this picture. 13. The rifle was called soThe Rifle because the inside of thebarrel was rifled - or cut withspiral grooves. When the bullet was pushedout of the barrel, it wasreleased spinning.This gave it a longerrange(500 yards instead of50 yards)and more accurateaim. 14. Digging in! The style of war was changing. With more accurate long-rangerifles, the defenders sat protectedbehind battlements in wellsupplied positions. Armies could no longer confronteach other in solid ranks. 15. QuickTime and adecompressorare needed to see this picture. 16. QuickTime and adecompressorare needed to see this picture. 17. The war of exhaustion 18. The war of exhaustion This new kind ofwas a war ofexhaustion. Enemy supplieshad to be cut off byrailroads, as well aswater. 19. The war of exhaustion The North had to capture or blockadethe southern ports and coasts in orderto stop supplies from being delivery tothe South. 20. Conda - pg. 336 21. Everybodys War In both the North and the South nearlyevery family lost a soldier. For the first time in history, the battlewere thoroughly covered bynewspaper correspondents. They telegraphed back eyewitnessaccounts so that civilians could readabout the horror the next morning. 22. Women at War Dorothea Dix, on June 10, 1861, wasappointed the first Superintendent ofWomen Nurses.QuickTime and adecompressorare needed to see this picture. 23. Women at War Clara Barton, in 1877, founded andbecame president of the American RedCross. QuickTime and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. 24. The Border States 25. The Border States When the war began, Lincoln was noteven sure who was on his side orwhether Washington D.C. could evenbe held. It was surrounded on three sides byMaryland, a slave state. If Maryland was to succeed,Washington D.C. would be lost. 26. The Border States Lincoln imposed martial law inMaryland in order to control it,suppressing newspapers,arresting civilians and evenrefusing to let them appear beforecivilian judges. This is called suspending the writof habeas corpus. 27. The Question of Emancipation. 28. The Question of Emancipation. At the beginning of thewar, in order to keep inthe Union the borderslaves states -Delaware, Maryland,Kentucky, andQuickTime and a decompressorMissouri - Lincoln are needed to see this picture.refused to emancipatethe slaves. 29. The Question of Emancipation. When (Union)General Fremont,commander of the Western Department,on August 30, 1861, freed the slaves ofrebels in Missouri, Lincoln stepped infirmly and overruled him. 30. The Question of Emancipation. As much asLincoln, would oflike to free theslaves, his first jobwas to save theUnion.