1 1 THE INTERNET & E-COMMERCE IS 340 BY CHANDRA S. AMARAVADI
11 THE INTERNET & E-COMMERCE IS 340 BY CHANDRA S. AMARAVADI.
Dec 26, 2015
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11
THE INTERNET & E-COMMERCE
IS 340
BY
CHANDRA S. AMARAVADI
2
BackgroundArchitectureProtocols TCP/IPHTTP and HTMLBrowser & web searchSecurityElectronic commerce
PRESENTATION OVERVIEWPRESENTATION OVERVIEW
3
Started as a research networkReleased into public domain in 1993Web technology (web pages) in 1992Publicly owned (Lucent, Pac Bell etc.)Costs borne by ISPs & industry200 million users on the web world wide
BACKGROUNDBACKGROUND
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INTERNET ARCHITECTUREINTERNET ARCHITECTURE
5
BASIC ARCH. CONCEPTS
Packetizing IP addresses Bridges and routers Root servers Hi-speed back bone
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PACKETIZING DATA
Document
Packet 1 Packet 2
….
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IP ADDRESSING
NODE (143.43.78.84)
NODE NODE (153.54.56.82)
NODE
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Network NetworkBridge
Network
Network
Router
Network
Gateway
BRIDGES AND ROUTERS
143.43.78.84 143.43.78.84
143.43.78.84
153.54.56.82
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ROOT SERVER (DNS)
ROOT SERVER
ROOT SERVER NODE
NODE
A root/DNS server provides address information to gateways
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Regionalnetwork
NAP
BASIC ARCH. CONCEPTS..BASIC ARCH. CONCEPTS..
HIGH SPEED BACKBONEHIGH SPEED BACKBONE
Regionalhub
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50,000 world wide29,000 in USA16 million hosts
WWW - A network of webservers (content in HTML) -- 3.6 million web sites
The Internet is a network of networks
ARCHITECTUREARCHITECTURE
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Millions of hosts connected Physical connection is a bridge (hub)Each “host” has a unique IP addressHosts can be PCs, Web servers, Mainframes
Use uniform protocols (TCP/IP) Data is sent as packets Addressed by hosts Routed by routers
ARCHITECTUREARCHITECTURE
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Bridges, routers, gateways maintain directories, move data
Internet
ARCHITECTUREARCHITECTURE
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WEB SITESBrowsers (terminals that access the web site --
called clients) A web server (a special computer or mini-
computer that will host the site)Server software (to run TCP/IP protocols)Web content i.e. the web pageFirewall (mechanisms (HW/SW) for security)
ARCHITECTUREARCHITECTURE
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SERVER ARCHITECTURE (FYI)
INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDER
INTERNET INTERFACE/FIREWALL
SERVER BOX
NETWORK OPERATING SYSTEM
FTP DNSCLIENTACCESS
AUTHORINGTOOLS
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ISP ARCHITECTURE
VBNS -- Very High Speed Backbone
PacBell Ameritech Lucent Lucent
Backbone
NetworkAccess Pts.
InternetAccess Sprint MCI Verizon AOL UUnet PSI
LocalAccess
EndUsers
LocalProvider
LocalProvider
LocalProvider
LocalProvider
LocalProvider
Home Users Small Bus. Large Bus. Govt.
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INTERNET PROTOCOLSINTERNET PROTOCOLS
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+ FTP, Telnet, HTTP+ TCP
+ IP+ FDDI, Ethernet, Token ring,
CSMA/CD ,X.25, ISDN
Host level
Application
Gateway levelNetwork level
A HIERARCHY OF PROTOCOLSA HIERARCHY OF PROTOCOLS
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HOSTBROWSER HOST WEB SERVER
(HTTP) (TCP/IP) (TCP/IP)(HTTP)
(CSMA/CD)
(FDDI) (Ethernet)
A HIERARCHY OF PROTOCOLSA HIERARCHY OF PROTOCOLS
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Protocol for reliable data transferA collection of 100 protocolsHardware independentData is packetized Rules for
formatting messagesestablishing sessionsgoverning transmissions Host
Application
Gateway
Network access
TCP/IP PROTOCOLTCP/IP PROTOCOL
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Document
HTTP
Port#, seq#, parity,...message
Packet 1
TCP
Packet 2
….
Source Port Destination PortSequence #Acknowledgement #ParityOptionsData
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Unique address. Assigned by IETF/ICANN.In the form of a domain name (ibm.com).Email addresses based on this ([email protected])Translated to “dotted quad”:203.48.54.28.
What are some common domain extensions?
INTERNET PROTOCOL (IP)INTERNET PROTOCOL (IP)A protocol for assigning & resolving IP addresses
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HOSTBROWSER HOST WEB SERVER
(HTTP) (TCP/IP) (TCP/IP)(HTTP)
(CSMA/CD)
(FDDI) (Ethernet)
A HIERARCHY OF PROTOCOLSA HIERARCHY OF PROTOCOLS
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A protocol for formatting and transferring multi-media objects, text, etc.
“Stateless protocol” Data is sent as plain character text Rules specify both request and response format
HTTP – Hypertext Transport ProtocolHTTP – Hypertext Transport Protocol
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REQUESTGET Myfile.htm http/1.0ACCEPT image, bitmap, JPGUSER AGENT Netscape 9.0CONNECTION Keep alive
HTTP – Hypertext Transport Protocol (FYI)HTTP – Hypertext Transport Protocol (FYI)
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RESPONSEHttp/2.0: OKServer: NetscapeLast modified: 3/9/08Content length: 10 KB
HTTP – Hypertext Transport Protocol (FYI)HTTP – Hypertext Transport Protocol (FYI)
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HYPERTEXT MARKUP LANGUAGEHYPERTEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE
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A tagging language based on SGML Text appearance and structure is governed by
embedded commands or tags. Example bold, paragraph etc. There’s a start tag and end tag (e.g. <B>Text to be
bolded </B>)
HTML – HYPERTEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE…HTML – HYPERTEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE…
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THREE MAJOR TYPES OF TAGS
Structuring tags -- e.g. heading, body, frame etc. Formatting tags -- e.g. bold, italic, font etc.
Hyperlink tags -- e.g. image, sound etc.
HTML – HYPERTEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE
HTML – HYPERTEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE
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<HTML>
.
.
.
.
</HTML>
To begin & end HTML
STRUCTURING TAGSSTRUCTURING TAGS
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Heading
<Head>
<title> Main page of spectrum </title>
Window title
</Head>
<H1> …………………………… </H1>
<H2> ………………………….. </H2>
Web page heading
STRUCTURINGSTRUCTURING
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Body<Body>
.
.
</Body>
Main part of web page
<Body Bgcolor= “color” text=“color” link=“color” vlink=“color” alink= “color”>
STRUCTURINGSTRUCTURING
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Font
<font size= “number” color= “color”face= “font name”>
Size = “+1” “+2”
FORMATTINGFORMATTING
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Paragraph <P> ……………. </P>
Alignment <P align = “Left”> _____________________________________________</P>Aligns left
Bold <B> …………. </B>Italic <I>…………... </I>Line Breaks <BR>
FORMATTINGFORMATTING
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<a href = “URL of page” > text or image for user to click on </a>
e.g.<a href = http://www.cnn.com> CNN </a> <a href = “http://www.faculty.wiu.edu/C-Amaravadi/”> Course web sites </a>
URL: Uniform Resource Locator, address of a resourceon the internet; resource could be??
HYPERLINKSHYPERLINKS
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Image <img src = “URL of image” height = “number” width = “number”>
height
width
For text wrap add ALIGN = “Left”
IMAGES & HYPERLINKSIMAGES & HYPERLINKS
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<HTML> <HEAD><!-- Title and main heading --><TITLE> Main Menu </TITLE></HEAD>
<!-- Begin body--><BODY BGCOLOR = “#FFFF6B” TEXT = “#A50063>
<P> <IMG SRC=“logo.jpg” height = 100 width = 600></P></HTML>
HTML – HYPERTEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE
HTML – HYPERTEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE
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<B> ABOUT US </B> <BR>Founded in 2006, our corporate mission.......
<SPACER TYPE = HORIZONTAL SIZE = 20> Varyti Broadcasts -- TV Program Division....................
</BODY></HTML>
HTML – HYPERTEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE
HTML – HYPERTEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE
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BROWERS & EXTENSIONSBROWERS & EXTENSIONS
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Connection & data transferrequest connection by sending HTTP requestRespond to HTTPreceive response and displays information
Display web pages Create web pages
Software to view web pages e.g. Internet Explorer, Firefox.
Functions:
BROWSERSBROWSERS
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Plug-ins Programs that work with
browser, e.g. audio & video players.
Java programming language to build web applications.
JSP (Java Server Pages) used to create dynamic html pages.
Servlets compiled JSP to respond to http requests.
WEB TECHNOLOGIESWEB TECHNOLOGIES
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Enable web search (look for keywords) Store keywords & web locations Use indexing
GoogleYahooAnswers.com
WEB SEARCH TOOLS/ENGINESWEB SEARCH TOOLS/ENGINES
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INTERNET SECURITYINTERNET SECURITY
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Packet filtering protected host (bastion host) dedicated routers/switches monitoring and logging of users
Firewall -- a system designed to protect a web-site
from unauthorized access
Principles are:
INTERNET SECURITYINTERNET SECURITY
Internet
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E-COMMERCEE-COMMERCE
WHAT IS E-COMMERCE?
What is M-commerce?
• Business conducted on the web• Buyers and sellers interact electronically
BUYER SELLEROnlineTransactions
Products/Services
Payments
Cust to business (B2C)◦ ordering products, books, sw, music, consumer products◦ services, banking & finance, stock trades
Business to Business (B2B)◦ supply of raw materials
Intra-Org◦ inventory ordering & charge out, etc.◦ helpdesk, etc.
Retail e.g. books, toys etc. Premium content e.g. CNN & financial
companies Auctions e.g. cars, steel, power Gateways, search engines
DISCUSSION
What are the pros & cons of e-commerce? (to customersand to businesses)
E-COMMERCE MODEL
Product Search
Comparison shopping
Placement of order
Payment information
Payment authorization
Receive merchandise
Service and support
Backend layer
Middle-tier layer
Web Server layer
Incoming Internet request
Web Server
E Commerce Sever
MainframeERP System
Database
E-COMMERCE ARCHITECTURE
ECOMMERCE ISSUES
Volatility of information -- updates Ensuring adequate security Ethical usage of customer information Advertising Legal issues – sales, contracts etc.
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That’s All Folks!That’s All Folks!
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