1 THE ARCHITECTURE FOR THE DIGITAL WORLD TM THE ARCHITECTURE FOR THE DIGITAL WORLD [email protected] Embedded Linux for ARM Architecture.

1THE ARCHITECTURE FOR THE DIGITAL WORLD TMTHE ARCHITECTURE FOR THE DIGITAL WORLD

[email protected]

Embedded Linux for ARM Architecture

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Summary

System overview Strategy Technical challenges GNU roadmap Board support Linux vendors Resources

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Main Components

Hardware

Kernel Milo

Network

ApplicationsX11, Qt,Microwindows,

Networking Utilities etc...

Milo (BIOS equivalent) Initialises the board Start kernel execution Based on AFS 1.4.x

Kernel Configurable includes drivers and modules

Applications Filesystem image (cramfs…) Reside in Flash or cross-mounted

directory via NFS Imported packages

Hardware Integrator AP or CP ARM Core + Logic modules

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Linux Kernel

Support for ARM cores with MMU ARM 720, 92x, 102x, 113x Most options are configurable using graphical tool

Pre-defined configurations for selected boards Two main versions:

2.4.x (currently 2.4.19 rmk6) 2.5.x leading to 2.6 kernel (planned end 2003)

Availability: base kernel source (open source and DevZone) ARM additional patches

rmki (open source: http://www.arm.uk.linux.org) ARM specific patches (DevZone)

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Applications

Filesystem containing system utilities and applications

Packages can be selected at build time using configuration tool

Import packages publicly available (i.e. Debian) ARM DevZone contains:

Pre-built images Tools and packages to build filesystem images

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Development Environment

Based on Linux host platforms Use GNU cross compiler (also available on

ARM DevZone) ARM Development tools can be used to:

Load Kernel images using ARM Debugger with ICE tools

Symbolic debug of kernel images or drivers (using breakpoints, trace etc.)

GDB used to debug applications

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Linux Strategy

Based on open source and standards

Contribute new code back to open source http://www.arm.uk.linux.org

Provide support for ARM evaluation boards

Add support for new ARM cores (e.g. ARM10x, ARMv6)

Develop and validate new functionality (energy management, security…)

Used internally for system validation (cores and boards)

Partner support via ARM DevZone

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Linux Strategy

Work with OEMs creating products using Linux

Work with Embedded Linux companies Offer comprehensive support for kernels,

applications and development environment ARM DevZone used as focal point of contact ARM connected community program

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ARMv6 support

Full ARMv6 support with 2.6 kernel Includes kernel optimisations to exploit ARMv6

architecture 2.4 kernel patch to run legacy code Early availability via patches on DevZone

Aligned with 2.6 kernel release and hardware availability

Used with GNU development toolchain supporting new v6 instructions (binutils initially)

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Technical challenges (1)

Reduced memory footprint Modular kernel Library size

Multiple choices of libraries such as GNU C library.

Support for non-MMU cores Linux only runs on cores with Memory Protection

Unit uCLinux

Adapted version of Linux to run on non-MMU cores Uses different libraries

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Technical challenges (2)

Thumb support Reduced memory footprint

Security Support for encryption Use of specialised hardware features

Power management Advanced Configuration and Power Interface

(APCI) Intelligent Energy management (IEM)

(hardware and software support)

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Technical challenges (3)

Symmetric Multi-Processor Synchronization issues Memory coherence

Toolchain support Expose kernel resources to the debugger

Halted System DebugRunning System Debug

System profilingKernel profilingUse Trace Macrocell capabilities

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GNU Roadmap GCC 2.95.3

Stabilized version APCS PE Coff/ Elf Dwarf

GCC 3.2.x ATPCS ARM Architecture 5T (VFP) Xscale

Next release based GCC 3.x Support ARM Architecture 6

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Board supportIntegrator/CMCore ModulesCM7TDMICM740TCM720TCM940TCM920T-ETMCM946E-SCM966E-SCM10200CM926EJ-S

Integrator/AMAnalyzer Module

Integrator/LMLogic ModulesLM-XCV2000ELM-EP20K600E

Integrator/AP ASIC Development

Platform

Integrator/CP Compact Platform

Integrator/PPPorting Platforms

Integrator/IMInterface Modules

Integrator/LTLogic TileLT-XC2V6000IM-LT1

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Main Linux vendors

Montavista http://www.mvista.com

Metrowerks http://www.metrowerks.com

LynuxWorks http://www.lynuxworks.com

Lineo http://www.lineo.co.jp

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Additional resources

• http://www.kernel.org• http://www.armdevzone.com• http://www.arm.uk.linux.org• http://www.gnu.org• http://www.uclinux.org• http://www.mvista.com• http://www.metrowerks.com• http://www.lynuxworks.com• http://www.lineo.co.jp• http://www.openpda.com• http://www.trolltech.com