1 Technology

Karen A. K. Kruse 127-29.09.2011 LONDON

TECHNOLOGY1. Examine the role of technology in preventing accidents

Getting the most from the equipment you have: Reducing the individual’s workload

2.Evaluate the ways technology can improve Accident Investigation

Importance of continued training for the effective use of the Technology

27-29.09.2011 LONDON Karen A. K. Kruse


Why do we want good technology;

to improve safety, efficiency, reliability, quality of work and performance (1)

Grounding occurred; the vessel was navigating on BA charts? (2)

Grounding occurred; the vessel was navigating with ECDIS? (3)

27-29.09.2011 LONDON

Can we ensure equipment introduced will improve safety, efficiency, reliability, quality of work and performance and then still be cost efficient ?

First we judge if the cost involved reducing the risk is really beneficial. Equipment errors/flaws and human error must be reduced to as low as reasonably particle (ALARP) (4)

But who is really deciding what is an acceptable ALARP level; all regulatory Authorities (performance standards)/Flag states, ISM code, Industry and the Company

A lot of decisions are left for the ship owners to decide and control (5)


So if the variability of equipment in some circumstances could be a threat and if design and regulatory Organizations cannot constrain variability to prevent human errors, the Company is obliged to implement preventive and protective barriers (6)

The way the Company can control human errors onboard when using the equipment is to have as many preventive and protective barriers in use so the risk is reduced to ALARP(7)

Therefore we need to implement/identify the barriers before the human errors occur; the common practice we use in Risk Assessments is to identify these barriers


Minimum list of Risks for equipment to be evaluated ona Risk Assessment:

1. Equipment error tolerances, capabilities and limitations, visibility of errors, reliability, redundancy, monitoring, user friendliness, un-expected side effects, overreliance and levels of automation (LOA) and related old equipment integration with the new equipment (8) (10)

2. Resilient equipment/installation: the ability of equipment/system to adjust its functioning, prior to or following changes and disturbances, so that it can sustain operations even after a major mishap or in the presence of continuous stress (9)

3. Crew training/office staff training sufficient?


4. Equipment fulfilling at least regulatory requirements IMO, Flag State, Industry Standards and Company demands

5. Maintenance/implementation in PMS?

6. Supplier support if problems occur / easy access to service?

7. Replacing/upgrading; investigate the previous problems with the equipment?

8. Larger systems, is Supplier developing upgrades that can later be implemented?

9. Yearly service costs /service contracts/spare part availability?

10. The Company procedures must contain barriers for all above (preventive and protective based on the level of risk)


Ny tekst

Human error using a technology is a symptom of trouble with the equipment that has not been identified by the Company or regulated by the regulatory Organizations.

If an accident occur using the technology:Investigate how people’s actions made sense at the time given the circumstances that surrounded them.


Credible data collection from equipment often form the basis of the Investigators recommendations and conclusions (11)

Article 8 / Investigative bodies

Article 13 / Preservation of evidence


A lot of equipment onboard have electronic memory (12)

VDR versus ECDIS; ECDIS is a great immediate tool for the Investigator and include electronic logbook and a playback function? (13)


TRAINING?

Article 8 / Investigative bodies

IMO, FLAG STATE, Industry and Company (14)


SUM UP: Grounding occurred; the vessel was navigating with ECDIS.

1. Risk Assessments and related procedures only gets as good as the knowledge of the persons creating these (risks related to a concrete situation must be identified)

2. Look into the list with minimum risks that must be evaluated before implementing equipment (slide 5 + 6 ).

3. Proactive risk identification of any technology/ equipment will enhance safety a lot, do not wait for regulatory restrictions, if procedures are implemented and equipment set up correctly then you will also know what data can be retrieved in case of an accident.

4. Equipment Training for all is essential both for Company employees, various Inspectors, Investigators and Crew.


Questions?

QUESTIONS?

www.nordictankers.com

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http://www.nordictankers.com/

1 Technology

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