1 Chapter 9: Computers. Roles of Computers in Education Object of Instruction As a Tool Instructional Device Teaching Logical Thinking.

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Chapter 9:Computers

Roles of Computers in Education

• Object of Instruction• As a Tool• Instructional Device• Teaching Logical

Thinking

Objects of Instruction

• Computer literacy

• Data Processing

As a Tool

• Calculator• Typewriter• Multimedia composer• Presentation aid• Communication device• Data retrieval source

Instructional Device

• Computer Assisted Instruction

• Helps students learn specific skills

• Drill and Practice software

Teaching Logical Thinking

• “Computers should be an object to think with not a dispenser of information”

• Learners need to manipulate their environment

Computers in the School Library Media

• CD-ROM encyclopedia and Internet

• CD-ROM encyclopedia advantages, books on CD-ROM

• Internet access

Advantages of CAI

• Learner control

• Special Needs

• Record Keeping

• Information Management

• Diverse Experiences

• Communication Precision

Limitations

• Copyright

• High expectations

• Limited range of objectives

• Controlled environment

• Lack of social interaction

Integrating Computers into the Curriculum

• “The ultimate value of technology in education and training depends on how fully they are integrated into the curriculum.”

• When successful…”students use it with the same ease as books, maps, pencils, and pens.”

Focus Points:• Concept Processing• Drill and Practice• Tutorials• Gaming• Simulation• Discovery• Problem Solving

Concept Processing

• Ideas about a topic are linked forming a complex web for interrelated thoughts

• Examples– Inspiration– Kidspiration

Utilization of CAI Methods

CAI Methods Table

Graphing Tools

Kid Pix

Photo Deluxe

Integrated Learning Systems

• A network set of computer workstations equipped with software that provides a particular set of sequenced lessons

Advantages

• Self Pacing

• Total Package

• Validated

Limitations

• Low quality

• Little evidence of effectiveness

• Loss of flexibility

• Hard to interpret reports

• Little curricular integration

Software Selection

• Accuracy

• Feedback

• Learner control

• Prerequisites

• Ease of use

• Special features

Computer Hardware

• Input devices

• Central processing unit

• Memory

• Storage

• Output device

Computer Facilities

• One-computer classroom

• Multiple-computer classroom

• Computer Laboratory

That’s All Folks