GSM BSS Network KPI (Immediate Assignment Success Rate) Optimization Manual INTERNAL Product Name Confidentiality Level GSM BSS INTERNAL Product Version Total 34 pages GSM BSS Network KPI (Immediate Assignment Success Rate) Optimization Manual (For internal use only) Prepared by GSM&UMTS Network Performance Research Department Wang Fei Date 2008-06-18 Reviewed by Date Reviewed by Date Granted by Date 2008-10-25 All Rights Reserved Page 1 of 43
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Content1 Overview of the Immediate Assignment Success Rate...........................................................71.1 Definition............................................................................................................................71.2 Signaling Procedure and Measurement Points.................................................................81.3 Symptom Description.........................................................................................................8
2 Factors Concerning Immediate Assignment Success Rate....................................................92.1 Signaling Factors...............................................................................................................92.2 Factor Analyzing According to the Definition of the KPI....................................................92.3 Factors Analysis...............................................................................................................10
2.3.1 Equipment Faults.........................................................................................................102.3.2 Um Interface Problems................................................................................................112.3.3 SDCCH Congestion.....................................................................................................112.3.4 MS Problems...............................................................................................................12
3 Method of Analyzing the Problem of Low Immediate Assignment Success Rate.................123.1 Process of Analyzing the Problem of Low Immediate Assignment Success Rate..........123.2 Method of Solving the Problem of Low Immediate Assignment Success Rate...............14
3.2.1 Equipment Faults.........................................................................................................143.2.2 Um Interface Problem.................................................................................................143.2.3 System Capacity (Congestion) Analysis.....................................................................193.2.4 MS Problem Analysis..................................................................................................24
4 Test Method...........................................................................................................................265 Cases of Immediate Assignment Success Rate Optimization..............................................275.1 Case 1: Decrease in Immediate Assignment Success Rate Because of SDCCH
Congestion Caused by Incorrect LAC Setting.......................................................................275.2 Case 2: SDCCH Congestion Caused by a Burst of Location Updates...........................285.3 Case 3: Low Assignment Success Rate Because the RACH Minimum Access Level Is
Set to 0...................................................................................................................................285.4 Case 4: Low Immediate Assignment Success Rate in Some Cells Because of MS Error
306 Onsite Information that Needs to Be Obtained......................................................................33
Abstract: This document provides the procedure for analyzing the problems about immediate assignment success rate, describes the troubleshooting procedure, and provides typical cases.
Abbreviations:
Abbreviation Full SpellingBSC Base Station ControllerBTS Base Tranceiver Station SDCCH Stand-alone Dedicated Control
1 Overview of the Immediate Assignment Success Rate
Immediate assignment success rate indicates the success rate of the MS accessing the signaling channel. It concerns the procedure from the MS sending a channel required message to the BTS to the MS sending an establish indication message to the network.
Immediate assignment success rate is a key access counter. It directly reflects the
success rate of the MS accessing the signaling channel and affects the user experience.
The BSC versions concerned in this document are as follows:
BSC32——G3BSC32V300R007C01B015
BSC6000——BSC6000V900R001
1.1 Definition
The immediate assignment success rate is calculated from traffic statistics. The
Figure 1 Process of analyzing the problem of low immediate assignment success rate
3.2 Method of Solving the Problem of Low Immediate Assignment Success Rate
Before analyzing the cause of low immediate assignment success rate, you should
find out the difference between the actual immediate assignment success rate and the
expected value. You should also find out the influence of the problem and the definition
of the specific immediate assignment success rate KPI.
3.2.1 Equipment Faults
This part aims to solve TRX or transmission problems.
Firstly, you should check TRX Availability in BSC Measurement and SDCCH
Availability in SDCCH Measurement. Secondly, you should check the number of times
that a NACK message is received or the timer expires during the SDCCH activation. In
this way, you can determine whether the problem is caused by board faults.
You can also check whether hardware is faulty by viewing BTS alarms or by viewing the hardware state on Site Device Panel of the LMT. You can check the following traffic statistics for reference:
Cause BSC Level Cell Level
Equipment faults
BSC Measurement -> Access measurement per BSC ->SDCCH Availability per BSCConfigured SDCCHs per BSCAvailable SDCCHs per BSC
Call Measurement -> Channel Activation Measurement per Cell -> SDCCH Connection Measurement per Cell ->CHAN ACTIV NACK Messages Sent by BTS in Immediate Assignment Procedure (SDCCH)Channel Activation Timeouts in Immediate Assignment Procedure (SDCCH)KPI Measurement per Cell -> TCH Availability
3.2.2 Um Interface Problem
3.2.2.1 Mistakenly Regarding Interference as Random Access Requests
Interference may cause SDCCH congestion, causing low immediate assignment
success rate. Especially in the areas with a small space between BTSs and dense BCCH frequency planning, the system allocates SDCCH for each signal if a large number of interference signals are received. Thus, the congestion may occur. In this situation, the immediate assignment success rate and paging success rate decrease, and the RACH may be overloaded. You can locate the problems by analyzing the idle interference bands and the TRX receive quality during the call.
If the system mistakenly regards the interference as a random access signal and
sends an assignment command, the immediate assignment will fail. You can locate the
problem by analyzing the Chan Req message.
For the SDCCH congestion caused by interference, you can check the following
traffic statistics for reference:
Cause BSC Level Cell Level TRX Level
SDCCH congestion caused by interference
BSC Measurement -> Access measurement per BSC ->Random Access Success Ratio per BSC
Call Measurement -> Flow Control Measurement per Cell -> MSG CCCH LOAD IND (RACH) Messages Sent on Abis Interface
MR Measurement ->Analyzed Measurement of Interference Band per TRXReceive Quality Measurement per TRX
For the problem of mistakenly regarding interference as random access
requests, you can locate the problem by performing signaling analysis on the Abis
interface of the cell with worst performance.
If the signaling analysis result shows that the random access signals are all from far
away, for example, the values of TA are higher than 10, sometimes even higher than
20, and the levels are lower than -100 dBm, the random access success rate is high
and the immediate assignment success rate is low, you can infer that the signals are
interference. To restrict the access of interference, reduce MAX TA and increase
RACH Min Access Level.
You can check the following traffic statistics for reference:
Cause BSC Level Cell LevelMistakenly Access of Interference
BSC Measurement -> Access measurement per BSC -> Random
MS codes According to Establishment cause:bits8 .... 1
101xxxxx Emergency call
110xxxxx Call re-establishment; TCH/F was in use, orTCH/H was in use but the network does notset NECI bit to 1
011010xx Call re-establishment; TCH/H was in use and thenetwork sets NECI bit to 1
011011xx Call re-establishment; TCH/H + TCH/H was in useand the network sets NECI bit to 1
100xxxxx Answer to paging0010xxxx0011xxxx See table 9.9a/3GPP TS 04.080001xxxx
111xxxxx Originating call and TCH/F is needed, or originating calland the network does not set NECI bit to 1, orprocedures that can be completed with a SDCCH and thenetwork does not set NECI bit to 1. note 1
0100xxxx Originating speech call from dual-rate mobile station when TCH/H
is sufficient and supported by the MS for speech calls and the network sets NECI bit to 1 note 5
0101xxxx Originating data call from dual-rate mobile station when TCH/His sufficient and supported by the MS for data calls and the network sets NECI bit to 1 note 5
000xxxxx Location updating and the network does not set NECI bit to 1
0000xxxx Location updating and the network sets NECI bit to 1
0001xxxx Other procedures which can be completed with note 1an SDCCH and the network sets NECI bit to 1
011110xx One phase packet access with request for single timeslot uplink01111x0x transmission; one PDCH is needed.01111xx0
01110xxx Single block packet access; one block period on a PDCH is needed for
two phase packet access or other RR signalling purpose.
01100111 LMU establishment note 2
01100xx0 Reserved for future use01100x0101100011 note 2a
01111111 Reserved for future use. note 2b
NOTE 1: Examples of these procedures are: IMSI detach, Short Message Service (SMS), Supplementary Service management, Location Services.
NOTE 2: If such messages are received by a network, an SDCCH shall be allocated.
NOTE 2a: If such messages are received by a network, an SDCCH may be allocated.
NOTE 2b: This value shall not be used by the mobile station on RACH. If such message is received by the network, it may be ignored.
2. The value of Access Delay indicates the TA.3. Bits 13, 14, 15, and 16 indicate the RACH level and the number of error bits in the training sequence. In this example, the value of bit 13 is 43. This indicates that the bits followed indicate the AB access level and the number of error bits in the training sequence. The value of bit 14 is 2. This indicates that the following two bits indicate the AB access level and the number of error bits in the training sequence. The value of bit 15 indicates the RACH level (39 – 120 = –81 dBm).
3.2.2.2 Coverage Difference
If the combination mode of the BCCH TRX and the non-BCCH TRX is different, or
the losses are inconsistent because of different transmit power or other problems, the
assignment on the non-BCCH TRX may fail.
The causes can be classified into three types:
① The transmit power of TRXs in the same cell is different.
If concentric cell technology is not applied, the power of different TRXs on the
antenna input port is different because of different uplink losses. This causes inter-TRX
coverage difference. Thus, assignment failure may occur. To solve this problem, check
According to the channel assignment algorithm, when the number of idle SDCCHs in the cell is smaller than or equal to the value of this parameter, the system tries to find a TCHF that can be converted into an SDCCH. This parameter is one of the conditions for the dynamic conversion from TCHF to SDCCH.
Cell SDCCH Channel Maximum
According to the channel assignment algorithm, the system determines whether the number of SDCCHs in the cell after the conversion exceeds the value of Cell SDCCH Channel Maximum before initiating the dynamic conversion from TCH to SDCCH. If yes, the conversion is not initiated.
TCH Minimum Recovery Time(s)
This parameter specifies the minimum time for the recovery of a TCH from the SDCCH.
4. Related timers and their recommended configurations are as follows:
T3101: This timer is used for immediate assignment procedure monitoring.
Reduce the value of this parameter properly to minimize the congestion caused
by dual assignment of the SDCCH. If the length of this timer is too long, the
invalid usage of signaling resources is increased. To enhance the usage of the
signaling resources, you should shorten the length of this timer, especially when
the queuing function is enabled.
T3122: This timer is started by the MS when the MS receives the IMMEDIATE
ASSIGN REJECT message. The MS can send a new channel request message
only after T3122 expires. If the length of T3122 is too short, the MS may send
the channel request message frequently when no system resources are
available. This increases the load on the RACH and CCCH.
T3212: This timer is used for the periodic location update. Increase the length of
this timer properly to reduce the load on the SDCCH brought by periodic
As the problem of low immediate assignment success rate is caused by some MSs,
and the MSs cannot be located because no layer-3 information is provided in location
update procedure, this problem cannot be solved on the network side currently.
To improve the user satisfaction, do as follows:
(1) Reduce the impact of abnormal MS location updates on the network KPIs.
(2) Communicate thoroughly with customers.
Problem handling:
If any of the previous six symptoms does not exist, initiate the procedures for
network optimization and troubleshooting.
To perform network optimization according to the RSL signaling, do as follows:1. If the value of TA in the location update signaling is high and the access level is
low during the time when the problem exists, do as follows:
Adjust the following parameters: Max TA, RACH Min Access Level, and Tx-
integer (increase S and T).
Increase the length of the following timers: T3101, T3122, T3212, and T3111.
Adjust the cell selection priority by setting the value of CBA and CBQ.
2. For the sites located on the edge of location areas, do as follows to optimize the
location update strategy:
Adjust the parameter Cell Reselection Hysteresis and adjust the cell selection
priority by setting the value of CBA and CBQ.
3. Reduce the MS retransmission times (recommended value: 1) and reduce the
impact of retransmission on the network KPIs.
Data analysis:
1. For the analysis report of problem location, see the following attachment.
Based on the previous analysis, we find that the channel requests received when the
problem occurred were sent by some abnormal MSs, and the BTS responded and
handled the requests correctly. The analysis is based on the uplink and downlink. The