06.12.2015 The Comparison Between Britis h and American Political System.

The Comparison Between British and American Political System

introduction The UK is a unitary and constitutional monarchy democracy country. The main characteristic  is  the doctrine of Parliamentary supremacy ,the core of the power is the cabinet,clearance monarch and organized  political party. Doctrine  of Parliamentary supremacy is  legislative  powers  is  in the core status. The first set of western capitalist political systems created by Britain is praised  a source and model of the western  political system. The United  States is  a federal  state.  The organizational form of regime is presidential governmentThe United States carries out the combination of political system and political party system of the two-party  system about the  separation of powers  and check  and balance.  It is a perfect system.  The two big political  party systems respectively represent two big different political philosophies. The Democrats stands for liberalism and the Republican stands for conservative. 

DetailsThe first comparison is the Constitution. Up until now, the Britain does not have a single  document called the Constitution but its constitutional provisions are scattered over various Acts of Parliament. However the  United  States  has a  written constitution  which  is very difficult  to change. The  United States  Constitution is the fundamental  law of  America,  which establishes  the legal  basis for the American political system. The second comparison is the political party system. The organization of British Party is strict and there are many party members. Britain's two political parties are two different political factions in the parliament at first. On the contrary, the internal organization of American political party is very loose. It is a voting machine in principle and it has no function at ordinary time.

The third comparison is the legal system, American and British legislative systems have the same principles in general, such as natural rights, popular sovereignty , etc. Parliament is the center of the British political stage and is Britain's top legislative branch. The government is elected from the parliament and it should be responsible for the parliament. Parliament is a bicameral legislature. The House of Commons and the House of Lords constitute the British Parliament. In the meantime, the US congress is the highest legislative branch, which consists of the senate and the House of Representatives. The main powers of congress are legislative power, supervisory power of judicial administration, examination and approval authority and amending power. In addition, congress can pass the resolution which does not need the president to sign.

The fourth comparison is the administrative system. In the modern western political system, whether to carry out a presidential system or a parliamentary system has no big difference due to the expansion of administrative power. The government is in the core status in the current political system. The president holds a position without the authority. Britain executes dual administrative system. The dual parliamentary system of administrative system is the result of the long-term evolution. Conversely, the United States carries out a typical of the centralized administrative system. The president is the head of state and government as well as commander-in-chief of the army. The President is elected by the universal suffrage for a term of 5 years. The president holds important veto powers.

conclusion  British and American have relatively consistence in the basic political values. American and British political system and political civilization both play an important role in the world

Conservative Party

Issues : 1.Before Worle War 2:The leadership of Britain 2.During the post-1945period :the ruling party changed fairly frequently

Supporter :The middle and upper-middle class conserve this party

Economically: support free enterprise and privatization of state-owned enterprises

The Labour Party

1900:created 1945:come into power

Econmy: egalitarian economy

Responsible :public services,such as social welfare,education and public transport

Issues: set up the National Health Service to provide high-quality.

Republican Party Democratic Party

Elephant donkey

1790s : called themselvses “Democratic reformers”1830s: the party adopted its present name

Democratic Party

Republican Party

1854:come into being1856:held its first national concention and use “ Republican” as it name. 1860:Licoln was elect as President and the civil War broke out.

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Democratic Party:1.Liberal idelogy2.Favor civil rights laws3.Strong social security system4.Paly a important role in economic

Republican Party:1.Conservative2.Stress the need for law3.Oppose complete government social4.Favor a strong military posture 5.Give enterprises greater freedom government control inflation

The history of Foreign policy of the united states

There are four period of the history of the foreign policyPeriod one from 1774 to 1913Period two from 1913 to 1945Period three from 1945 until 1991Period four from 1991 until now

Period oneThe United States built

•Period twoDuring the war time

•Period threeThe Cold War

Period four The new century

Foreign Policy

▪Neutrality

▪Containment and Intervention

Neutrality

▪On August 19,1914,immediately after the outbreak of World War I,President Wilson issued the Declaration of Neutrality.▪On January 31, 1917, the German government resumed unrestricted submarine warfare.▪Fourteen point▪Nazi conquest of Poland in 1939 and the outbreak of World War II.▪The Japanese attack at Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941

Containment and Intervention

▪A strong stance against the former Soviet Union as the Cold War unfolded after 1945. President Dwight D. Eisen -hower made vigorous efforts to wage the Cold War.

▪Overthrow unfriendly governments or protect reliable anti-Communist leaders whose power was threatened.

▪New relationship with China.

Government

The LegislatureThe US: Congress is the legislative branch of the federal government. It is the law-making and the supreme legislative body of the nation. It consist of two houses: the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Senate has 100 voting members, two from each of the 50 states. The House of Representatives has 435 voting members, divided among the 50 states in proportion to their total population. The main function of Congress is to pass laws for the Union. However, the law-making process is very complicated. Both Houses have the power to introduce legislation on any subject except the revenue bills which must originate in the House of Representatives.The UK: Parliament is the law-making body of Britain. Strictly speaking, it consists of the Crown, the House of Lords and the House of Commons. The main legislative function of the House of Lords is to examine and revise bills from the House of Commons. It also acts in a legal capacity as the highest court of appeal. The House of Commons performs three major functions. The most important is drafting new laws.

The Executive

• The US: The executive branch consists of 15 departments and many independent agencies. The department heads form the Cabinet, which is the major source of advice and assistance to the President, who is the chief of the executive branch. The President’s status makes him the most prominent figure as the first citizen of the United States, and his wife is called the First Lady. The President has power to manage national affairs and the working of the federal government. He can issue rules, regulations and instructions, which are called executive orders. He is Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces of the United States, so he has the power to raise, train, supervise and deploy American armed forces, provided Congress approves.

• The UK: The government is made up of the Prime Minister, the Cabinet ministers and assistants to the ministers. The Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in Parliament. The Cabinet is at the center of the British political system.

The Judiciary

• The US: The judicial branch of the federal government consists of a series of courts: the Supreme Court, the courts of appeals and the district courts. The Supreme Court is the highest court of the United States. It now has one Chief Justice and eight Associate Justices. Decisions are made by the majority. They are all appointed by the President with the Senate’s approval. Only Congress can remove them from office through a difficult impeachment process.

• The courts of appeals have been set up to share the burden of the Supreme Court, but they are under the Supreme Court. The whole country is divided into 12 appeal regions. Each region has a court of appeals made up of several judges.

• The UK: Different types of cases are dealt with in specific courts. For example, all criminal case will start in the magistrates’ court, but the more serious criminal matters are committed to the Crown Court. Appeals from the Crown Court will go to the high court, and potentially to the Court of Appeal or even the Supreme Court. Civil cases will sometimes be dealt with by magistrates, but may well go to a country court. Again, appeals will go to the High Court and then to the Court of Appeal.

CONSTITUTION

&

America Constitution

Two people who signed the U.S. Constitution later became presidents were George Washington and James Madison.

Important Day

It was on this date-back in

1787 the 39 people plus a secretary signed U.S. Constitution. What

Constitution day does is commemorate the date and the document that defined fundamental law in the America. OK, you knew that, but see what else you know about the document .

ThreeAttention

First! The word democracy actually doesn’t appear anywhere in the document.

Next! Six delegates of the conventional convention refused to singed the constitution.

Third! The National Archives building in Washington DC has the original copy of the Constitution.

Britain Constitution

Magna Caria , meaning the great charter, is one of the most famous documents in the world. It has inspired people across the century from Thomas Jefferson to Gandhi.

Britain Constitution

The year of 1215, when ruler is keen John , The England Constitution raised and its name is Magna Caria. Although most of the great charter items may be involved in rights and tax revenue, Magna Caria has become the power of symbol of liberty around the world.

Britain Constitution

Magna Caria has become part of England law, perhaps the most heritage of the England Constitution is that everyone ,including our leaders must obey the law.