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CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education
BIOLOGY 0610/02
Paper 2May/June 2003
1 hourCandidates answer on the Question Paper.No additional materials are required.
READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST
Write your name, Centre number and candidate number in the spaces at the top of this page.Write in dark blue or black pen in the spaces provided on the Question Paper.You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working.Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.
Answer all questions.The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.
Centre Number Candidate Number Name
If you have been given a label, look at thedetails. If any details are incorrect ormissing, please fill in your correct detailsin the space given at the top of this page.
Stick your personal label here, ifprovided.
For Examiner’s Use
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Total
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1 Respiration is a characteristic of living organisms.
(a) State three other characteristics of living organisms.
There might be more carbon dioxide in the air since there would be fewer
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trees to absorb CO during photosynthesis but less CO would be released
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by microorganisms since they have fewer trees or leaves to decay
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There would be fewer roots to absorb water and fewer leaves to release
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water by transpiration. This would lead to less water vapour in the air.
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0610/2/M/J/03 [Turn over
4 Fig. 4.1 shows a typical animal cell and a typical plant cell.
Fig. 4.1
(a) (i) Name the parts of the cells labelled A and B.
A ...............................................................................................................................
B ...........................................................................................................................[2]
(ii) Label on the diagram, with a letter C, another structure that occurs in both cells. [1]
(b) For each of the following types of cell, state one way in which it is different from theanimal cell in Fig. 4.1. State the function of each type of cell.
Energy is not returned to the sun or by any of the organisms to those
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that come before them in a food chain. It is thus not re-used or recycled.
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Summary of Examiner’s Notes on CIE IGCSE Biology Paper 2 June 2003
Page: 2 Q1 (a) ‘growth’, ‘movement’ and ‘excretion’ are also correct, but remember that
plants do not show locomotion and ‘feeding’ is not the correct technical term for ‘nutrition’ since it might suggest the act of eating which is incorrect for plants. Note, in particular, that the question asks for three characteristics of living organisms other than respiration.
Q1 (b) Always remember to describe a control. Other carbon dioxide
indicators are acceptable as long as colours, correct for the indicator, are mentioned. Never say that the experiment ‘is left’ without giving some idea of time.
Page: 3
Q2 (a) ii The stigmas and the anthers are exposed outside the flower – the stigmas so they can catch the pollen passing in the wind, the anthers so they can best release it into the wind – both are also acceptable responses to this question. Note also that the question asks specifically for features visible in Fig. 2.1.
Q2 (a) iii Other correct answers would include references to dry, dusty pollen
released in large quantities, or a mention that pollen in the sugar cane would be much smaller. The absence of nectaries and, although size is not clear from Fig. 2.1, smaller flowers or petals would all have gained credit.
Page: 4
Q2 (b) The distribution includes the numbers of fruits as well as the directions in which the fruits travel. A poor yield would therefore affect distribution. Always look to give ‘natural, biological’ answers rather than those that might involve human intervention.
Page: 5
Q3 (a) iv Using the same letter to label one arrow correctly and one incorrectly could carry a penalty, but in (iv), the letter could be acceptably placed beside the arrow from green plants to the air.
Page: 6
Q3 (b) ii References to droughts, the formation of deserts, floods and erosion are not closely enough tied to the recognised stages in the water cycle to be worth credit.
Page: 7
Q4 (a) ii On the right-hand (plant) cell, it would be acceptable to label the wavy line forming the central circle. All these structures are cell membranes. Make sure your label line stops exactly on the line you are intending to indicate.
Q4 (b) i Never call cilia ‘hairs’ and never suggest that the cilia ‘trap’ dust or
bacteria – it’s the mucus that performs that function. Q4 (b) ii Other differences such as the presence of haemoglobin or the
biconcave shape are acceptable.
Page: 8
Q4 (c) i ‘Particles’ or ‘ions’ would be acceptable alternatives to ‘molecules’ as would ‘down a concentration gradient’.
Q4 (c) ii In all other respects, osmosis is a form of diffusion.
Page: 9
Q5 (a) Always be sure to spell mitosis and meiosis correctly. Aware of the confusion present in many students’ minds between the two processes, Examiners will look for total accuracy in this respect.
Q5 (b) Each line of the diagram should be explained and the X and Y used to
identify the sex chromosomes should be written in capital letters.
Page: 10
Q6 (a) ‘Excretion’ is included in the list to attract those candidates who believe that this is the term for the removal of faeces from the alimentary canal. The main bulk of faeces is fibre which has not undergone any chemical reaction in the body.
Q6 (b) i It is commonly thought that the colon is the main site of water absorption, but most is actually absorbed in the ileum.
Q6(b) ii A common mistake is to believe that bile is made in the gall bladder. It
is not. It is made in the liver and stored in the gall bladder before it is released into the duodenum.
Page: 11
Q7 (a) In A, ‘protection’ is too vague to score; in B a reference to the lens changing shape does not provide enough detail and the same applies to ‘changing the size of the pupil’ in C. ‘Messages’ is also not sufficiently scientifically accurate to score in D.
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Q7 (b) Causing ‘double vision’ would not be acceptable, since this more likely to be a result of the effect of the drug on the function of the brain rather than a result of too much light entering the eye.
Page: 13
Q8 (a) In transpiration, water does not evaporate from the surface of the leaves. It evaporates inside the leaf, then the vapour diffuses out of the stomata.
Q8 (b) A full explanation requires that you start your answer from the moment
the dye enters the leaf stalk as well as an explanation of its reasons for doing so.
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Q9 (a) i ‘solar’ energy would not be acceptable, since it also includes heat which would be an incorrect answer.
Q9 (b) i Fungi would be equally acceptable, but ‘saprophytes’ or
‘decomposers’ would not be acceptable as a group of microorganisms since they include more than one group.