01 Intro-Background

1. Intro + OverviewKIBERT CHAPTER 1 SBLT 101 FALL 2016

SBLT 101 An introduction to the theory and practice of sustainable design and building construction. This course will explore the meaning of sustainability and how it is applied to architectural design and building construction in the context of ecology, economy, and social equity.

Learning OutcomesIdentify the differences between conventional and sustainable construction and design.

Communicate effectively on the topics of sustainable design and construction.

Understand sustainable design precedents and history of the green building movement.

Identify and understand the structure of various green building rating systems.

Understand the sustainable design and construction process.

Understand the effects of sustainable design and construction both locally and globally.

Possess the foundation necessary to enhance your education in both sustainable design and construction.

Successfully work in a team and small groups to complete assignments and projects.

Syllabus Free Student Resources

Textbooks

Class Calendar

Academic Dishonesty

Attendance

Electronic Devices

Homework

Disability Services

Community Service

General Education Portfolio

My Contact Info: ◦ 304-553-4910 (cell)◦ [email protected]

About me B.S. in Interior Design, 1993

NCIDQ Certified, 1997

LEED AP BD+C, 2003

Watkins Design Works, LLC

U.S. Green Building Council◦ WV Chapter Chair

Introduction Key indicators that the green building movement is here to stay, and not merely a fad:

◦ Green building now dominates the design and construction markets worldwide◦ Broader awareness of climate change◦ Green building concepts are imbedded in building codes◦ Large projects by Google, Apple and others showcase green building

Vocabulary Sustainable Construction

Green Building

High-Performance Buildings

Systems Thinking

Whole-Building Design, Holistic Design

Site

Design

Engineering

Major Issues Land Resources

Energy and Atmosphere

Water Issues

Ecosystems

Rationale for green buildings Sustainable construction provides an ethical and practical response to issues of environmental impact and resource consumption.

Green buildings virtually always make economic sense on a life cycle cost basis, even though they might be more expensive on a capital or first-cost basis.

Sustainable design acknowledges the potential effect of the building, including its operation, on the health of its occupants.

State and local guidelines Pennsylvania

North Carolina

New York City

Chicago

Boston

California

San Francisco

Ohio

Trends and barriers to green buildingTRENDS

Growth of LEED and the USGBC

Strong federal leadership

Public and private incentives

Expansion of state and local guidelines

Industry professionals taking action to educate members and integrate best practices

Business capitalizing on green building benefits

Advances in green building technology

BARRIERS

Financial disincentives◦ Lack of LCC analysis and use◦ Real and perceived higher first costs◦ Budget separation between capital and

operating costs◦ Security and sustainability seen as trade-offs◦ Inadequate funding for public school facilities

Insufficient research◦ Inadequate research funding◦ Insufficient research on productivity and health

Green building trends Transparency

Carbon accounting

Net-zero buildings

Building information modeling (BIM)

Life-cycle assessment

2. BackgroundKIBERT CHAPTER 2 SBLT 101 FALL 2016

May 9, 2013 CO2 levels reach 400 parts per million for the first time in human history

Last time was 800,000 years ago

Prior to 1760, CO2 levels averaged 280 ppm

By 1958, levels reached 310 ppm

Climate change is today’s dominant environmental issue

Driving forces Destruction of Earth’s environment and ecosystems and enormous increases in population and consumption.

Increasing demand for natural resources by both developed and underdeveloped countries.

Green building coincides with similar transformations in other industries like manufacturing, tourism, agriculture, medicine, and the public sector.

Ethics and sustainability Classic definition of sustainability: meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Intergenerational justice

Distributional equity

The Precautionary Principle

The Reversibility Principle

Polluter Pays / Producer Responsibility

Protecting the vulnerable

Rights of the nonhuman world

Respect for nature / the land ethic

Basic concepts and vocabulary Sustainable development

Biomimicry

Design for the environment

Carrying capacity

Ecological footprint

“Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.” – Our Common Future, 1987

Basic concepts and vocabulary Biophilia

Eco-efficiency

Life-cycle assessment

Life-cycle costing

Embodied Energy

Basic concepts and vocabulary Biophilia

Eco-efficiency

Life-cycle assessment

Life-cycle costing

Embodied Energy

Basic concepts and vocabulary Biophilia

Eco-efficiency

Life-cycle assessment

Life-cycle costing

Embodied Energy

Maintenance Costs

Operating Costs

Disposal Costs

Initial Cost

Service Costs

Major environmental concerns Climate change

Deforestation, desertification, soil erosion

Eutrophication, acidification

Loss of biodiversity

Toxic substances and endocrine disruptors

Depletion of metal stocks

History of the green building movement

Rachel Carsen’s book, Silent Spring, published in 1962

Oil embargo of the early 1970’s sparked discussions of energy

efficiency, solar technology, etc.New energy standards and building

codes late 1970’s

American Institute of Architects established Committee on the

Environment in 1989

History of the green building movement

1985 William McDonough designs office space for

the Environmental Defense Fund in NYC

1992 Croxton Collaborative renovates offices for

Audubon Society1993

U.S. Green Building Council was formed

3. Green Building AssessmentsKIBERT CHAPTER 4 SBLT 101 FALL 2016

Assessing green buildings High performance green buildings are defined by the assessment systems that rank and certify them. Buildings are scored by how well they meet the approach required by each assessment system.

BREEAM was the first assessment system for buildings, developed in 1990 in the UK

LEED 1.0 launched in 1998

Green Globes and the Living Building Challenge in the U.S.

Other countries’ assessment systems include:◦ CASBEE in Japan◦ Green Star in Australia◦ DGNB/BNB in Germany◦ …among others (see page 131)

Purpose Building assessment systems score or rate the environmental, resource, and health impacts of a building’s design, construction, and operation against criteria established by the rating system.

Why go through the process?

Publicly promote high performance buildings, increase market demand, increase a building’s market value, and improve occupants’ health and productivity.

4. LEED Green Building Rating SystemKIBERT CHAPTER 5 SBLT 101 FALL 2016

U.S. Green Building Council Formed in 1993 by David Gottfried, Rick Fedrizzi and Mike Italiano to promote sustainability within the built environment.

Mission: To transform the way buidings and communities are designed, built, and operated, enabling an environmentally and socially responsible, healthy, and prosperous envrionmrnt that improves quality of life.

Vision: Buildings and communities will regenerate and sustain the health and vitality of all life within a generation.

U.S. Green Building Council USGBC is a committee-based, membership organization, and focuses on developing consensus among its members and committees.

Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) green building rating system formally launched in 2000.

In 2008, the Green Building Certification Institute (GBCI) was formed to manage the building certification process and professional credentialing.

U.S. Green Building Council The USGBC is committed to a prosperous, healthy, and sustainable future through cost-efficient and energy-saving green buildings. USGBC works toward its mission of market transformation through:

◦ LEED Green Building Certification System◦ A nationwide network of chapters and affiliates◦ The annual Greenbuild International Conference and Expo◦ Advocacy in support of public policy that encourages and enables green buildings and communities

Green building & building codes

Creative tension

LEED green building rating system

A checklist covering all aspects of building design and construction in 7 categories:

◦ Location and Transportation◦ Sustainable Sites◦ Water Efficiency◦ Energy and Atmosphere◦ Materials and Resources◦ Indoor Environmental Quality◦ Innovation

4 Levels of certification:

◦ Certified = 40-49 points◦ Silver = 50-59 points◦ Gold = 60-79 points◦ Platinum = 80-110 points

Platinum

Gold

Silver

Certified

Certification trends

Platinum

Gold

Silver

Certified

0k 7k1k 2k 3k 4k 5k 6k

Certification levels in the U.S.

Energy code progress

LEED v4 system goals

MATERIALSRESOURCES

LEED v4 relative credit weighting

LEED v4 rating systems◦ LEED BD+C: Building Design & Construction

◦ NC: New Construction◦ CS: Core & Shell◦ Retail◦ Schools◦ Hospitality◦ Data Centers◦ Warehouse & Distribution Centers◦ Healthcare

◦ LEED EBOM: Existing Building Operations & Maintenance◦ Existing Buildings◦ Schools◦ Retail◦ Hospitality◦ Data Centers◦ Warehouses & Distribution Centers

LEED v4 rating systems◦ LEED ID+C: Interior Design & Construction

◦ Commercial Interiors◦ Retail◦ Hospitality

◦ LEED Homes: Low-rise residential homes◦ Single Family◦ Low-Rise Multi-Family◦ High-Rise Multi-Family

◦ LEED ND: Neighborhood Development

HomeworkRead Kibert Chapters 3 and 7 and

LEED pages 33-36