00 - Defense Technical Information Center · I **-.»— A2 ARPA Order No. ihll Contractor: The Regents of The University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan kdlOk Effective Dates: June
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International Data Arcnive The University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan U8l06
Technical Progress Report No. 5 July 1, 1970 through December 51, 1970
I CONTENTS Pages
I. International Relations Archive Technical Report No. 5 for July 1, I97O through December 31, I97O
II. Voluntary International Coordination Technical Report No. 3 for July 1, 1970 through December 51, 1970
III. Attachments following page
A. Political Events Project, I9U8-I965 (Final Codebook)
B. Dimensions of Conflict Behavior Within and Between Nations, I955-I96O (Final Codebook)
Prepared in connection with research supported by the Advanced Research Projects Agency, ARPA Order No. lUll, and monitored by tb«» Office of Naval Research, Contract No. NOOOIU-67-A-OI8I-OO26.
This document has been approved for public release and sale. Its distri- bution is unlimited and reproduction in whole or in part is permitted for any purpose of the United States Government.
NATIONAL TECHNICAL INFORMATION SERVICE
SprtnglMd, V». 22151
Submitted
April, 1971
I DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A
Approved for public release; Distribution Unlimited
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BEST AVAILABLE COPY
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ARPA Order No. ihll Contractor:
The Regents of
The University of Michigan
Ann Arbor, Michigan k8l0k Effective Dates:
June I, 1969 through
June 50, 1971 Contract Total:
$5^0,000
Technical Report No. 5 for July
1, 1970 through December 31, 1970
Contract No.: NOOOIU-67-A-OI8I-OO26
Principal Investigators:
Warren Miller
Raymond Tanter
ARPA Agent:
Office of Naval Research
Title:
International Data Archive
% International Relations Archive
Research Program and Plan
The International Relations Archive undertakes as its primary goals the
acquisition, management and dissemination of international affairs data.
These goals necessitate direct interaction between the International Relations
Archive staff and the academic community to ensure more adequate standards,
predominantly in the areas of data formatting, definitions and coding of vari-
ables and validity checking of data. This working relationship assists the
archival staff in maintaining awareness of the users' needs regarding data
collection, data analysis and software development areas.
Enclosed Documentation
The first document is a copy of the final machine-readable codebook
prepared for the data from the Political Events Project, I9U8-I965. These
data were collected by Ivo Feierabend, Rosalind Feierabend and Betty Nesvold
at San Diego State College. Also attached is a copy of the final machine-
readable codebook for Dimensions of Conflict Behavior Within and Between
Nations: 19^*3-1960. This study represents a merging of the work of Raymond
Tanter and Rudolph Rummel into a single data set and codebook. These code-
books are in the general format which the International Relations Archive
will employ to describe the contents of the various data sets.
~KV ■
■I **-.»—
A2
ARPA Order No. ihll Contractor:
The Regents of
The University of Michigan
Ann Arbor, Michigan kdlOk Effective Dates:
June 1, 1969 through
June 30, 1971
Contract Total:
$190,000
Technical Report No, 3 for July 1,
1970 through December Jl, 1970
Contract No.: NOOOlU-67-A-Ol8l-0026
Principal Investigators:
Warren E. Miller
Raymond Tanter
ARPA Agent:
Office of Naval Research
Title:
International Data Archive
Voluntary International Coordination (VIC) Project
Research Program and Plan
The VIC project undertakes work in three areas: (l) organization of
conferences to encourage convergence among quantitative international
affairs projects 0:1 theoretical priorities for data generation and modelling,
variable definitions, coding rules and quality control. (2) allocation
of small seed grants to initiate important data generation projects. (3) de-
velopment of computer based models for conflict management: CACIS (Computer
Aided Crisis Information System) and CASCON (Computer Aided System to Handle
Information of Local Conflicts).
Enclosed Documentation
Enclosed is a copy of "New Modes of scientific Communication: The ICFP Experience with Data Confrontation Seminars." This paper discusses the Inter- University Comparative Foreign Policy Conference held at Ohio State in August, 1970. Participants in the ICFP conference Included 15 scholars who are using a common analytic framework to develop explanations of international behavior. VIC supported the ICFP conference because of Its relevance for modelling in- ternational security affairs.
The second document is a codebook for data on "two-party" disputes. These data were generated by William Coplln with partial support from a VIC seed grant. The data are currently available from the IRA. VIC supported the generation of "two-party" .dispute data because of its relevance for modelling international security affairs.
K:.
POLITICAL EVENTS PROJECT 1948-1965
PRINCIPAL IMVESTIGATOBS
^ß
IVO K. PEIEBABEND ROSALIND L. PEIEBABEND
BETTY A. NESTOLD
SAN DIEGO STATE COLLEGE
1969
PIBST EDITION-1971
INTEB-ONIVBBSITT CONSOBTIUH POB POLITICAL BESEABCH BOX 1248
ANN ARBOB, BICHIGAN 48106
A. ^
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ACKNOILEDGBHENT OF ASSISTANCE
ALL MANUSCBIPTS UTILIZING DATA HADE AVAILABLE THBOÜGH THE CONSOBTIOH SHOULD ACKNOWLEDGE THAT FACT AS «ELL AS IDENTIFY THE ORIGINAL COLLECTOR OF THE DATA. THE ICPR COUNCIL URGES ALL USERS OF ICPB DATA FACILITIES TO FOLLOH SOHE ADAPTATION OP THIS STATEBBNT BITR THE BRACKETS INDICATING ITEMS TO BE FILLED IN APPBOPBIATELT OR DELETED BY THE INDIVIDUAL USER.
THE DATA <AND TABULATIONS> UTILIZED IN THIS <PUB- LICATION> HERE HADE AVAILABLE <IN PART> BT THE INTRS-UNIVEBSITT CONSORTIUH FOR POLITICAL RESEARCH. THE DATA HEBE ORIGINALLY COLLECTED BY NEITHER THE ORIGINAL COLLECTOR OF THE DATA NOR THE CONSORTIUH BEARS ANY RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE ANALYSES OR I NT ER Ph "TAT IONS PRESENTED HERE.
i;
IN ORDER TO PROVIDE FUNDING AGENCIES HITH ESSENTIAL INFOR- MATION ABOUT THE USE OF ARCHIVAL RESOURCES AND TO FACILI- TATE THE EXCHANGE OF INFORHATION ABOUT ICPR PARTICIPANT'S RESEARCH ACTIVITIES, EACH USER OF THE ICPR DATA FACILITIES IS EXPECTED TO SEND THO COPIES OF EACH COHPLETED MANUSCRIPT TO THE CONSORTIUH. PLEASE INDICATE IN THE COVER LETTER HHICH DATA HERE USED.
TABLE CF CONTENTS
STODT DESCBIPTION
PROCESSING INFOB1UTION
CODEBOOK INFOBNiTION
VABIABLE NOHBEB VARIABLE NAHE
PAGE I
III
IV
1
2
3
a
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
na
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
ICPB STUDY NUMBER 7517
COONTRT CODE
YEAR OF THE EVENT
HONTH OF THE EVENT
DAY OF THE EVENT
TYPE OF EVENT
PRESENCE OF VIOLENCE
LOCATION OF THE EVENT
DURATION OF THE EVENT
NOBBEB INVOLVED
NÜHBER KILLED
HURBER INJURED
NDHBER ARRESTED
AMOUNT OF PROPERTY DAMAGE
NATURE OF TENSION
OUTCOME CODE
FEIERABEND, FEIERABEND AND NESVOLD SCALE SCORES
SIGNIFICANT PERSON CODE
SOURCE MATERIALS CODE
GUTTMAN SCALE SCORES
CASE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER
1
2
3
a
a
5
11
12
12
13
1«
15
16
16
17
17
18
21
21
22
23
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STUDY DESCRIPTION I.
IVO K. FEIERABEND, BOSALlHD L. FBIEHABEND AND BETTY A. NESVOLD ORIENTED THE POLITICAL EVENTS PROJECT TOWARD TRO GOALS. THE FIRST GOAL WAS CONCERNED WITH THE HBASOREHENT OF POLITICAL INSTABILITY. THE SECOND GOAL WAS A SEARCH FOR THE CORRELATES OF INTERNAL CONFLICT BEHAVIOR. INSTABILITY WAS DEFINED AS THE DEGREE OR THE AHOONT OF AGGRESSION DIRECTED BY INDIVIDUALS OB GROUPS WITHIN THE POLITICAL SYSTBH AGAINST OTHER GROUPS OR AGAINST THE COMPLEX OF OFFICEHOLDERS AND INDIVIDUALS AND GROUPS ASSOCIATED WITH THEN. OR, CONVERSELY, IT IS THE AHOONT OF AGGRESSION DIRECTED BY THESE OFFICEHOLDERS AGAINST OTHER INDIVIDUALS, GROUPS, OR OFFICEHOLDERS WITHIN THE POLIlf. THE INVESTI- GAiDRS WERE NOT CONCERNED WITH THE DYNAHICS UNDERLYING STABILITY IN ANY ONE PARTICULAR COUNTRY BUT WITH THE DETERMINANTS OF STABILITY WITHIN ALL NATIONAL POLITICAL SYSTEMS. A CRUCIAL ASPECT OF THE RESEARCH, THEN, WAS THE COLLECTION OF RELEVANT CROSS-NATIONAL DATA ON POLITICAL INSTABILITY.
THE DATA SET CONTAINS 21 VARIABLES, DIVIDED INTO FOUR BASIC TYPES: VARIABLES WHICH IDENTIFY EVENTS, E.G., COUNTRY CODE; VARIABLES WHICH CLASSIFY EVENTS; E.G., TYPE OF EVENT CODE; VARIABLES WHICH DESCRIBE EVENTS, E.G., NUMBER INVOLVED; VARIABLES WHICH EVALUATE EVENTS, E.G., FEIERABEND, FEIERABEND ABO NESVOLD (FF6N) SCALE.
THE UNIT OF ANALYSIS IS THE SINGLE EVENT. THE INVESTIGATORS CODED 675« POLITICAL INSTABILITY EVENTS. EXAMPLES OF POLITICAL INSTABILITY EVENTS FROM LOW TO HIGH ON THE FFSN SCALE ABE: INSTITUTIONALLY PBESCBIBED ELECTIONS, FALLS OF CABINETS, MARTIAL LAW, ASSASSINATIONS OF SIGNIFICANT GROUP LEADERS, MASS ARRESTS, COUPS D'ETAT AND CIVIL WAR.
THE INVESTIGATORS INCLUDED ALL EVENTS WHICH THEY ADJUDGE INDICATIVE OF POLITICAL INSTABILITY IN EACH OF 84 POLITIES SELECTED USING DUAL CRITERIA OF: AVAILABILITY OF DATA AND INDEPENDENT SOVEREIGN STATEHOOD PRIOR TO 1955 AS EVIDENCED BY DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS WITH OTHER COUNTRIES. \
THE TIHESPAN OF EVENTS APPEARING IN THE DATASET IS 1948-1965.
THE SHORTEST RECORDED DURATION FOR EVENTS IS ONE HALF DAY. THE LONGEST DURATION RECORDED IS ONE YHAR. THE INVESTIGATORS CODED EVENTS WHICH CONTINUE FOR MORE THAN ONE YEAR, E.G., CIVIL WARS, AS A NEW EVENT BEGINNING ON THE FIRST DAY OF EACH SUCCESSIVE YEAR OF DURATION.
-A
II.
THE PBIHABT DATA SOURCE FOB THE PEP DATASET HAS DE&OLINE DATA OH HOBLD AFPAIBS. THE IHVBSTIGATOBS OSED EHCYCLOPEDIA BRITAHHICA YEARBOOK AS A SOPPLEHBHTABT SOURCE OP IHFORHATIOH.
FOR FOBTHBB DBSCRIPTIOH OF THE ORlGIHAL STUDY AMD EITBHSITE BIBLIOGBAPHY SEE: FEIERABEMD, ITO K. AHD ROSALIHD L. FEIERABEMD, "AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIORS ilTHIN POLITIES, 1948-62: A CROSS-HATIOHAL STUDY," THE JOURHAL OF CONFLICT RESOLUTIOH, 10,3 (SEPT. 1966) 249-271.
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0
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PROCESSING INPORIUTIOH III.
PROCESSING STANDARDS OP THE INTER-0HI?ERSITT CONSORTIOH FOR POLITICAL RESEARCH GUIDED THE PROCESSING OF THIS DATA- SET. AITHONT J.P. BAHASH II, ASSISTED BT ROBERT H. BLUE- STONE, PROCESSED THIS DATASBT. WHENEVER POSSIBLE, THE STAFF INCORPORATED THE TEXT OF THE INVESTIGATORS• ORIGINAL CODE- BOOK INTO THIS CODEBOOK. THE PROCESSING STAFF PERFORMED A NÖHBER OF SPECIFIC DATA HANIPOLATIONS TO ACHIEVE ICPR CODING STANDARDS.
r
THE STAFF RECODED THE ORIGINAL COUNTRY CODES TO CONFORH HITH THE STANDARD RUSSETT, SINGER AND SHALL COUNTRY CODES, (SEE: RUSSETT, BRUCE H., J. DAVID SINGER, AND HELVIN SHALL. »NATIONAL POLITICAL UNITS IN THE TRENTIETH CENTURY: A STANDARDIZED LIST,1* THE AMERICAN POLITICAL SCIENCE REVIEH, 62, 3 <SEPT. 1968> 935-950.)
ORIGINAL CODES FOR VARIABLES 9-13 OCCUPIED TBO COLUMNS. THE FIRST COLUMN CONTAINED CODED ABSOLUTE VALUES (WHEN ASCERTAINABLB), AND THE SECOND CONTAINED CODED RELATIVE VALUES (BASED OH ESTIMATES). THE STAFF COMBINED THE TNO SEPARATE COLUMNS INTO A SINGLE THO-DIGIT CODE HHICH REPRE- SENTS BOTH ACTUAL AND ESTIMATED VALUES.
THE INVESTIGATORS INCLUDED DUMMY CASES IN THE UNPROCESSED DATASET. THESE CASES SEPARATED GROUPS OF EVENTS HHICH OCCURRED IN A COUNTRY OH THE SAME DAY, BUT HHICH HERE UNRELATED. THE STAFF REMOVED THESE CASES AFTER CONSULTING THE INVESTIGATORS.
UPON COMPLETION OF PROCESSING, THE STAFF ADDED A CASE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER TO BACH REMAINING CASE.
THE INTER-UNIVERSITY CONSORTIUM FOR POLITICAL RESEARCH PROCESSED THIS CODEBOOK AND DATASET HITH THE SUPPORT OF THE ADVANCED RESEARCH PROJECTS AGENCY THROUGH THE OFFICE OF NAVAL RESEARCH UNDER CONTRACT NO. N0001«-67-A-0181-0026.
CODEBOOK IHFORHATION IV.
THE BXAHPLE BELOH IS k BEPROOOCTIOH OP INFORMATION APPEAR- ING IN THE HACHINE READABLE CODEBOOK FOR A TYPICAL VARIABLE. THE ROBBERS IB PARENTHESES DO NOT ACTUALLY APPEAR IN THE CODEBOOK, BUT ARE REFERENCES TO THE DESCRIPTION WHICH FOLLORS THE EXAMPLE.
(1) VAR 0008 fl) REF 0008 (2) DATA SET ID=«7517»
(3) NAHE-LOCATION OF EVENT (U) MD=GB 9
(5) LOC 17 BIDTH 1 (6) DK 1 COL 17
(7) LOCATION CODE
o
108 0. 696 1. «65 2. 460 3. «39 «.
3« 5. «552 9.
(8) THIS VARIABLE RECORDS THE LOCATION OF THE EVENT AND IS APPLIED PRIHARILY TO THE FOLLOW- ING EVENTS: STRIKES» DEHONSTRATIONS, BOY- COTTS, ABRESTS, HARTIAL LA«, ASSASSINATIONS, TBRRORISH, SABOTAGE, GOBRRILLA WARFARE, COOPS D'ETAT AND REVOLTS.
(9) (10) (11)
CAPITAL CITY ORBAN BOT NOT CAPITAL CITY RORAL (PROVINCES OR STATES) WHOLE COONTRY OR MAJOR SEGMENT OOTSIDE COONTRY (INAP.)
1. THE VARIABLE AND BEFEBENCE BOMBERS. A VARIABLE AND A REFERENCE BOMBER ARE ASSIGBED TO EACH ITEM IN THE STOOT. IN THE PRESENT CODEBOOK, THESE BOMBERS ARE IDENTICAL. SHOOLD THE DATA BE SOBSETTED OR REAR- RANGED TO INTERSPERSE DATA FROM ANOTHER SOURCE OR TO PROOOCE AN ANALYSIS DECK, THE VARIABLE BOMBERS IB THE NEWLY-FORMED CODEBOOK WOOLD CHANGE TO BEFLECT THE ORDER OF THE NEW DATASET, WHILE THE REFERENCE NOMBEBS WOOLD BEMAIN UNCHANGED TO BEFEBENCE THE VABIABLE NUMBER IB THE ORIGINAL CODEBOOK DESCRIBING THE ARCHIVED DATASET.
2. THE FOOR-COLOMN ICPR STODY IDENTIFICATION NOMBER UNIQUE TO THIS DATASET.
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3. THE iBBBBVIATBD (24 CHiRACTERS HAXIHOH) VARIABLE MAHB OSED BT OSIBIS# TBB ICPR-SOPPORTED SOFTWARE PACKAGB, TO IOSVTIPT THE VARIABLE.
1. THE DESIGHATIOM OP HISSIMG DATA. Ill THIS BZANPLE, CODE VALOBS GREATER THAB OR EQUAL TO 9 ABB HISSIHG DATA. ALTERNATIVE STATEHEHTS HHICH ABE POUND IN THIS CODEBOOK ABB ,HD=GB 99«, •BD=GE 7* AND *MD=GE 98«. SOBE SOFTiARB PACKAGES (IHCLDDING OSI- RIS) BEÜOIRE TBAT DATA HHICH DO HOT REPRESENT SUB- STANTIVE Vi'OBS (HISSING DATA, E.G. INAPPROPRIATE, UNASCERTAINED, DNASCERTAINABLE OB AH^IGOOOS DATA CATEGORIES) BE GIVEN A VALUE HHICH HAT BE EXCLUDED ADTOHATICALLT BT THE ANALYSIS PHOGRAHS, EHABLING THE USER TO EXCLUDE SUCH DATA IP HE SO DESIBES. THE HUHERIC CODES HHICH ABE ASSIGNED TO TBESE CATEGOBIES DO HOT REPRESENT SUBSTANTIV« VALUES IN THE SÄHE lOCATIONS.
5. THE SMARTING LOCATION AND HIDTH OF THIS VARIABLE HHEH THE DATA ABE STORED ON A HAGBETIC TAPE IN OSIRIS FORHAT. VARIABLE 0008 IN THE EXAHPLE BEGIHS IB THE SEVENTEEHTH LOCATION AND IS ONE COLUHN HIDE.
6. THE LOCATION BT DBCK AND COLUHN(S) OF THIS VABIABLE HHBN THE DATA ABB ON CABDS OB IN CARD IHAGE FOBH.
7. THE FULL VABIABLE NAHE.
8. THE VABIABLE DEFINITION.
9. TBE FREQUENCT OF OCCURENCE OF EACH CODE VALUE. IN THE EXAHPLE« THESE HEBE 34 OCCUBENCES OF THE CODE •$• t I.E. 3« OCCUBENCES OF EVENTS HHICH TOOK PLACE OUTSIDE OF THE COUNTBT.
10. THE LIST OF HUHERIC CODES USED FOB THIS VABIABLE IN THE DATA FILE.
11. THE DEFINITIONS OF HUHERIC CODES. FOB EXAHPLE, THE THE CODE OF *5( IS DEFINED AS «OUTSIDE COUNTBT1.
TBE PEP DATASET CONTAINS 6754 CARD IHAGE BECORDS. EACH RECORD CONTAINS 38 COLUHNS OF INFOBHATIOH.
THE DATA ARE ORGANIZED IN ASCENDING NUHERlC ORDEB BT IBA NATION CODE NUHBER. EVENTS APPEAR IN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER WITHIN NATION GBOOPINGS.
.4
POLITICAL BTBRTS PROJECT PAGE /) Jl
VAR 0001 REP 0001 DATA SET ID-^TSI?« HA8E-SXU0T MOHBER (7517) HO HISSING DATA CODES
LOC 1 HIDTH « DK 1 COL 1- 4
ICPR STODI HUHBER 7517
VAR 0002 REF 0002 DATA SET ID-17517» HAHE-COOHTRT CODE NO HISSING DATA CODES
LOC 5 WIDTH 3 DK 1 COL 5- 7
COUNTRY CODE
NESTERN HEHISPHBRE
173 002. UNITED STATES 74 020. CANADA 109 040. CUBA 96 041. 3AITI 86 042. DOHINICAN REPUBLIC 61 070. HEIICO 102 090. 6UATEHALA 51 091. HONDURAS 40 092. EL SALVADOR 38 093. NICARAGUA 28 094. COSTA RICA 50 095. PANAHA
?AR 0004 HBF 0004 DATA SET ID-»7517» IAHB-HONTH OF ETEHT HD=GE 99
LOC 10 WIDTH 2 DK 1 COL 10-11
HOHTH OF THE EVEHT CODE
1 ^99" IM THIS VARIABLE FOLLORED BT A ROBBER IM REF. HO. 5 INDICATES THAT THE EXACT HORTH AMD DAT OF THE EVENT RAS NOT KRORR, BOT ITS SBQOEHCE WITHIN THE TEAR WAS ASCERTAINED AND INDICATED IN REP. HO. 5. IF THE HOHTH IS SPECIFIED BUT NO DAT IS GIVEN, THE EVERT IS RECORDED WITH THE HONTH IN THIS VARIABLE, AMD "00" IR REF. NO. 5.
01. FIRST OF HORTH OR FIRST EVENT OF TEAR IF HONTH NNAn
wma^HWSMRS
PQLITIC&L EVENTS PROJECT PAGE f) - 5
(COIITIHUED)
31. 31ST OF MONTH OB LAST EVENT OF TEAR IP NORTH "NA"
00. <NA>
V&R 0006 REF 0006 DATA SET ID-«7517« NANE-TTPE OF EVENT NO HISSING DATA CODES
LOC 14 WIDTH 2 DK 1 COL 14-15
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TYPE OF EVERT CODE
ALL INSTABILITY EVENTS HAVE BEEN CLASSIFIED INTO CATEGORIES RRICB ARE HUTUALLT EICLOSIVB, RONREDONDANT AND POTENTIALLY APPLICABLE TO ALL COUNTRIES.
525 01. ELECTIONS (THIS CATEGORY ENCOHPASSES ALL NATIONAL POPULAR ELECTIONS. LOCAL AND BY-ELECTIONS ABE NOT CODED« EVEN IF HELD SIHOLTANEOOSLY THROOGHOUT THE COUNTRY. AR EXAHPLE OF AN ELECTION AS DEFINED HERE IS THE NATIONAL ELECTION IN THE UNITED STATES ON NOVBHBBR 4, 1952 BHEH GENERAL EISENHOHEB HAS ELECTED ^RESIDENT.)
72 02. DISSOLUTION OF LEGISLATURE (THIS CATEGORY ENCOH- PASSES ALL SITUATIONS IU HHICH THE ENTIRE LEGISLA- TURE IS DISHISSED, NHETHER BY FAILURE OF A VOTE OF CONFIDENCE, BY OTHER HEARS SANCTIONED BY THE SYSTEM, OR ELSE BY AN ILLEGITIRATE ACT. AN EXAHPLE OF THIS TYPE OF EVENT TOOK PLACE ON DECEHBER 23, 1958 IN THE RETHBRLAHDS HHEN PREHIER BEE1. DISSOLVED THE CHAHBEB OF STATES 6EHERAL AND ARRAHGED FOR NEH ELECTIONS.)
445 03. RESIGNATIONS OF POLITICALLY SIGNIFICANT PEBSONS (ANY RESTORATION OF A SIGNIFICANT INDIVIDUAL FROR PUBLIC OFFICE RBICH OCCURS FOR POLITICAL REASONS IS IRCLUDED IN THIS CATEGOR1. RESIGNATIONS FOR PRIVATE REASONS, SUCH AS HEALTH« OB FROB A NONGOVEBNHENTAL OFFICE ARE EXCLUDED. THE RESIGNATION OF AN ENTIRE CABINET IS EXCLUDED FROH THIS DEFINITION, AS ARE ANY FORCED RESI6HATI0RS. THE RESIGNATION OF PBESIDENT QUADBOS 0? BBAZIL ON AUGUST 25, 1961 IS AN EXAHPLE OF THIS EVENT.) THE CATE60BY OF POLITICALLY SIGNIFICANT PEBSONS IS GENERALLY LIHITED TO BERBERS OF CABINETS OR OTHER SETS OF TOP OFFICEHOLDERS; LEADERS AND PBOHINENT HZR3ERS OF LEGISLATURES, POLITICAL PABTIBS, AND
i OTHER IHPORTANT POLITICAL GBOOPS; AND TOP HILITABY
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POLITICAL BVBHTS PSOJBCT PAGE^-6
(CONTINOBD)
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LEADERS. OFFICEHOLDERS FROH LOCAL OR PROVINCIAL GOVERMHEMTS ARE NOT CODED UNLESS THEY HOLD SPECIAL PROHINENCE. THIS DEFINITION OF POLITICAL SIGNIFI- CANCE IS ALSO APPLIED IN E7ENTS OU AND 08, BELOW.
19« 04. DISMISSAL OF POLITICALLY SIGNIFICANT PERSONS (ALL DISMISSALS OF POLITICALLY SIGNIFICANT INDIVIDUALS FROM PUBLIC OFFICE EXCEPT DISSOLUTIONS OP LEGISLA- TURES AND FALLS OF CABINETS ARE INCLUDED IN THIS CATEGORY. FORCED RESIGNATIONS OR THE IMPEACHHBNT OF OFFICIALS ARE INCLUDED IN THIS DEFINITION. FOR A DEFINITION OF POLITICALLY SIGNIFICANT PERSONS« SEE EVENT 03 ABOVE. THE IMPEACHMENT OF THE FOREIGN MINISTER AND THE MINISTER OF JUSTICE IN CHILE ON OCTOBER 28, 1957 IS AN EXAMPLE OF THIS EVENT, AS IS THE JAN. 13, 1958 DISMISSAL OF DEPUTY PREMIER SEBBS- TA IN CZECHOSLOVAKIA.)
166 05. FALL OF CABINET (WHEN THE ENTIRE CABINET RESIGNS OR IS DISMISSED IT IS CONSIDERED A FALL OF THE CABINET. THIS EVENT USUALLY IS PREFACED BY A CRISIS SITUA- TION. IT MAY EITHER BE THE CONSEQUENCE OF A VOTE OF HO CONFIDENCE OR SOME OTHER ACT PROVIDED FOR BY THE SYSTEM; OR IT MAY BE THE RESULT OF A DICTATORIAL ACT. THE RESIGNATION OR DISHISSAL OF LESS THAN THE ENTIRE CABINET IS EXCLUDED FROM THIS DEFINITION. THE CABINET RESIGNATION IN SHEDEN Oil APRIL 25, 1958 WHICH RESULTED FROM AN INABILITY TO REACH AGREEMENT 01 THE EXPANSION OF THE PENSION SYSTEM IS AN ILLUS- TRATION OF THE FALL OF A CABINET.)
303 06. SIGNIFICANT CHANGE OF LAWS (SIGNIFICANT CHANGES OF THE CONSTITUTION AND IHPORTANT GENERAL LAWS ARE IN- CLUDED IN THIS CATEGORY. CHANGES AIMED AT SPECIFIC GROUPS, SUCH AS THE OUTLAWING OF A PARTICULAR POLITICAL PARTY, ARE EXCLUDED FROH THIS CATEGORY. THE TEMPORARY SUSPENSION OF THE CONSTITUTION AND/OR LANS IS LIKEWISE EXCLUDED FROM 7BIS CATEGORY. THE NEW "PERONISTA" CONSTITUTION OF HARCH 16, 1949, WHICH PERMITTED THE RE-ELECTIOH OF THE PRESIDENT IN ARGENTINA AND EXCLUDED THE RIGHT TO STRIKE ,> AMONG OTHER THINGS, IS AN EXAMPLE OF THIS EVENT.)
29 07. PLEBISCITE (A PLEBISCITE IS A SPECIAL VOTE OR DECREE BY THE PEOPLE ON SOME SOCIAL MEASURE WHICH HAS BIT.! SUBH7TTED TO THEH. IT IS DISTINGUISHED FROM THE MORE INSTITUTIONALIZED CATEGORY OF ELECTIONS. THE 1950 BELGIAN PLEBISCITE IN WHICH 57.7 PERCENT OF THE PEOPLE VOTED FOR AND 42.3 PER- CENT AGAINST THE RETURN OF KING LEOPOLD IS AN ILLUSTRATION OF THIS CATEGORY.)
420 08. APPOINTMENT OF POLITICALLY SIGNIFICANT PERSONS (ALL SELECTIONS OF POLITICALLY SIGNIFICANT INDIVIDUALS TO PUBLIC OFFICE ARE INCLUDED IN THIS CATEGORY EXCEPT
'
POLITICAL EVEITS PROJECT PAGE ß-7
(COHTIMOBD)
THOSE SELECTIONS HIDE BT POPULAR ELECTIONS OB »HIGH RESULT PROS THE ORGANIZATION OP A HEM GOVERNHENT OR THE RESHUFFLE OF AN EXISTING GOfERNHENT. FOR A DEFINITION OF POLITICALLY SIGNIFICANT PERSONS, SEE EVENT 03#ABOVE. THE APPOINTHENT OF HAROLD HACHILLAN AS PBIHE MINISTER OF ENGLAND CN JAN. 9, 1957 IS AN EXAHPLE OF THE APPOINTHENT OF A POLITI- CALLY SIGNIFICANT FIGURE.)
398 09. ORGANIZATION OF NEV GOVERNHENT (THIS CATEGORY IS DEFINED AS THE APPOINTHENT OF AN ENTIRELY NEW CABINET OR SET OF TOP OFFICE HOLDERS. THE POPULAR ELECTION OF A NEH GOVERNHENT, THE RESHUFFLE OF A GOVERNHENT, OR THE APPOINTHENT OF LESS THAN AN EN- TIRELY NEH CABINET OR SET OF TOP OFFICE HOLDERS IS EXCLUDED FROH THIS DEFINITION. THIS EVENT USUALLY POLLOHS A CRISIS SITUATION. THE FORH&TION OF A NEH GOVERNMENT IN FRANCE BY CHARLES DE GAULLE OH JUNE 1, 1958 IS AN ILLUSTRATION OF THIS EVENT.)
189 10. RBSHOFFLB OF GOVERNHENT (THIS EVEHT IS DEFINED AS THE REARRANGEHENT OF THE HERBERS OF THE CABINET OR SET OF TOP OFFICE HOLDERS. IT HAT INCLUDE THE ADDITION OR SUBTRACTION OF ONE OR THO OF THE HEH- BERS. THIS CATEGORY DOES HOT ENCOHPASS THE RESULTS CF A POPULAR ELECTION OR THE ORGANIZATION OF A NEH GOVERNHEHT. THE APRIL AHD HOVEHBER 1956 SHAKEUPS OF THE GOVERHHEHTAL ELITE IH POLAND ARE ILLU.1TRATIONS OF THIS EVENT.)
127 11. SEVERE TROUBLE HITHIR A NON-GOVERNHENTAL ORGANIZA- TION (THERE ARE HUHEROUS HAHIFESTATIOHS OF TROUBLE HITHIH A SIGNIFICANT NON-GOVERNHENTAL GROUP. BZAHPLBS HODLD INCLUDE EXPULSION OR EXCOHHUHICATIOH OF INDIVIDUALS FROH CHURCHES OR TRADE UNIONS, SEVERE DIFFERENCES OF OPIHIOH HITHIN THE GROUP, OR EVER THE SPLITTING OR DISBAHDIHG OF THE GROUP ITSELF. AH EXAHPLE OF SEVERE TROUBLE HITHIN A NON-GOVERHH^UTAL ORGAHIZATIOH TOOR PLACE IH AUSTRALIA IH 1957 HHEH THE LABOR PARTY HAS SO SPLIT THAT IT EXPELLED THE STATE PREHIER OF QOEEHSLAHD FROH ITS HEHBERSHIP.)
78 12. ORGAHIZATIOH OF OPPOSITION PARTY (HHEH AN OPPOSI- TION POLITICAL PARTY IS ORGANIZED OR HHEH A FRIENDLY ALLIED PARTY BECOHES AH OPPOSITION PARTY IT IS INCLUDED IN THIS CATEGORY. THE ORGANIZATION OF BOTH THE "PEASANT LEAGUES" AND THE COHHUHIST PA3TY IH NORTHEAST BRAZIL BY JULIAO IH 1961 IS AH EXAHPLE OP THIS TYPE OF EVEHT.)
506 13. GOVERHHEHTAL ACTIOH AGAIHST SPECIFIC GROUPS (THIS CATEGORY IHCLUDES ACTIOHS DIRECTED AGAIHST SPECIFIC GROUPS IH SOCIETY. IT IHCLUDES THE NATIONALIZATIOR OF INDUSTRY, LAND, OR RESOURCES; THE OUTLAHIHG OF POLITICAL PARTIES AHD HOSTILE PROPAGAHDA OR LEGIS-
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POLITICAL EVENTS PROJECT PAGE fh8
(COMTINUED)
^•i_
LATIOH DIBECTED AGAINST MINORITY GROUPS. GROUPS COBHONLT SERVING AS TARGETS IN THIS EVENT ARE ETHNIC OR RELIGIOUS MINORITIES, STUDENT GROUPS, NEBSPAPSRS, POLITICAL PARTIES, ETC. NATIONALIZATION OF FOREIGR- ONNED ENTERPRISES IS EXCLUDED PROM THIS CATEGORY. IF CONFISCATIOh INCLUDES BOTH FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC PROPERTIES, IT IS CODED AS A DOHESTIC E7EBT. BOTH TBE TAKEOVER OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH BY THE ALBANIAN 60VBRNH3NT IN 1951 AND TBE OUTLANING OF TBE COBHUBIST PARTY IN BOLIVIA IN 1950 ARE EXAMPLES OF GOVBRHEHTAL ACTION AGAINST SPECIFIC GROUPS.)
543 1«. STRIKES (STRIKES ARE DEFINED AS THE COLLECTIVE CESSATION OF NORK OH THE PABT OF LABOR OR OTBEB EBPLOTEES OB PROFESSIONAL WORKERS. STRIKES OF ALL MAGNITUDES ARE INCLUDED IN THIS CATEGORY; STUDENT STRIKES ARE ALSO INCLUDED. THE AUGUST 3-6, 1957 RAILROAD STRIKES IN MEXICO IN HHICH OVER 100,000 WORKERS PARTICIPATED ARE EXAMPLES OF THIS EVENT.)
787 15. DEMONSTRATIONS (THIS CATEGORY INCLUDES AN ORGANIZED OR UNORGANIZED PUBLIC DISPLAY OF PROTEST. DEMON- STRATIONS ARE MOST OFTEN MANIFESTED IN PUBLIC GATHERINGS, BUT OCCASIONALLY IN PETITIONS OR LETTERS TO TBE EDITOR. A RIOT IS A VIOLENT DEMONSTRATION IN HHICH INJURIES, DEATHS OB PBOPEBTY OABAGES OCCUR. ARRESTS ABE NOT CONSIDERED VIOLENT. STRI- KES ARE EXCLUDED FROM THIS DEFINITION, ALTB0U6B STRIKERS OFTEN DEMONSTRATE AFTER LEAVING THE JOB. BOYCOTTS ARE ALSO EXCLUDED FROM TRIS CATBGOBY, AS ARE VIOLEBT EVERTS SUCB AS TERRORISR, SABOTAGE, REVOLTS OB GUERILLA WARFARE. ANTI-FOREIGN DEMON- STRATIONS ARE EXCLUDED FROH TBIS CATEGORY SINCE TREY ARE CONSIDERED AS INTERNATIONAL EVEBTS. THE 1960 JAPANESE STUDENT DEMONSTBATIONS ABE EXAMPLES OF THIS EVENT
51 16. BOYCOTTS (BOYCOTTS ARE DEFINED AS TBE DENIAL OF BUSINESS OR OTHER INTERCHANGING BY ONE GBOUP OB ORGANIZATION TO ASOTBER TO BRING ABOUT COMPLIANCE WITH DEMANDS. WALKOUTS OF SBOBT DURATION FROM MEh'TINGS OB LEGISLATIVE SESSIONS ABE CODED AS DEMONSTRATIONS RATHER THAN AS BOYCOTTS. THE 1960 NEGRO;BOYCOTT OF DEPABTMBNT AND VABIBTY STORES IN NASHVILLE, TENNESSEE, IN PBOTBST OF SEGREGATED LUNCH COUNTERS IS AN EXAMPLE OF THIS EVENT.)
729 17. ARRESTS (ARRESTS ARE DEPINED AS THE GOVERNMENTAL SEIZURE OR DETAINMENT OF INDIVIDUALS FOR POLITICAL REASONS. THIS CATBGOBY INCLUDES IMPRISONMENT OR JAILING. IT IS LIMITED TO POLITICALLY MOTIVATED ARRESTS AND EXCLUDES ARRESTS FOR NON-POLITICAL REA- SONS. IT ALSO EXCLUDES ARRESTS OF FOREIGN NATIONALS FOR ACTS OF BSPIONAGE OR SUBVEBSION. ABBESTS OF
POLITICAL BTEMTS PBOJBCT PAGE /}-9
(COMTIMUED)
NATIONALS« ROHE?EBf ARE CODED EVEN THOUGH THE CHARGE IS SPIING FOR A FOREIGN REGIME. THE JANOARI 30# 1962 PAKISTAMIAH ARREST OF FORHER PRIME MINISTER SOKRAHARDT IS AN EXAMPLE OF THE ARREST OF AN INDITIDOAL FOR POLITICAL REASONS.)
12 18. SUICIDES (THIS CATEGORY INCLUDES ONLY POLITICALLY MOTIVATED SUICIDE. AN EXAMPLE OF THIS EVENT OCCUR- RED IN KOREA ON APRIL 27, 1960. AFTER THE FALL OF STNGMAN HHEB'S GOVERNMENT, THE FORMER SPEAKER OF THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY AND VICE-PRESIDENT ELECT LEE KI POONG, BIS NIFE AND THO SONS HEBE FOUND SHOT IN TBBIB BOUSE: THE RESULT OF A SUICIDE PACT.)
213 19. BABTIAL LAN (TBIS CATEGORY ENCOMPASSES THE SUSPEN- SION OF THE CONSTITUTION OR SOBE OF ITS PORTIONS AND ITS RBPLACEMENT BY MILITARY RULE. TBE GUARANTEES OF INDIVIDUAL AND GROUP RIGBTS ARE DISCARDED AND ARBI- TRARY DECREES ARE SUPREME. TBE ACTION MUST BE POLITICALLY MOTIVATED AND NOT IN RESPONSE TO A NATURAL DISASTER. TBIS EVENT IS BROADLY INTERPRETED TO INCLUDE A STATE OF SIEGE, IMPOSITION OF A CCRFEH, A BAH ON DEMONSTBATIONS, TBMPOBARY SUSPENSION OF CONSTITUTIONAL GUARANTEES, MOBILIZATION OF TBOOPS TO OBAL HITB DISOBDBBS. BABTIAL LAN OCCUBED DURING MAY OF 1959 IN NICARAGUA NBEN PBESIDENT LUIS SOMOZA DUBEYLE SUSPENDED TBE GUARANTEES OF FUNDAMENTAL CIVIL RIGBTS AND IMPOSED LIMITED MABTIAL LAN TBBODGBOUT THE COUHTBY.)
127 21. EXECUTIONS (ALL POLITICALLY MOTIVATED KILLINGS OF INDIVIDUALS BY THE GOVEBNMBNT ARE INCLUDED IN THIS CATEGORY. EXECUTIONS GENERALLY FOLLOW TRIALS OF SOME SORT. EXECUTIONS FOR NON-POLITICAL REASONS ARE EXCLUDED FROM TBIS CATEGORY. TBE EXECUTION OF BEBIA II RUSSIA ON DECEMBEB 23, 19f>3 IS AN EXAMPLE OF TBIS EVENT.)
130 22. ASSASSINATIONS (ASSASSINATION IS DEFINED AS THE POLITICALLY MOTIVATED MURDER OR ATTEMPTED MURDER OF POLITICALLY SIGNIFICANT FIGURES BY A GBOU? OR INDI- VIDUAL NOT ACTING UNDER GOVERMBNTAL AUTBORITY. BXECUTIONS ARE BXCEPTED FROM TBIS DEFINITION AS ARE MÖRDERS OR ATTEBPED BURDEBS FOR NON-POLITICAL REA- SONS. SIMILARLY, TEBBOBISM AND COMBAT CASUALTIES ABB BXCLUDED. UNSUCCESSFUL ASSASSINATION PLOTS ABE CODED IF THESE IS EVIDENCE TO SUPPORT TBE ACCUSA- TION. BOTH THE KILLING OF GHANDI IN INDIA IN 19118 AND OF TROJILLO IN TBE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC IN 1961 ARE EXABPLBS OF ASSASSINATIONS.)
11« 23. TERRORISM (TERRORISM CONSISTS OF ORGANIZED VIOLENT ACTIVITY ON TBE PART OF SMALL GROUPS OF CITIZENS AIMED AT HARASSMENT OR INTIMIDATION OF THE GOVERN- MENT OB GROUPS IN SOCIETY. AS HERE DEFINED, TBE
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POLITICAL EVBITS PROJECT PAGE/? 4 0
(COMTIMUBO)
(
iTTACKS A8E DIRECTED AGAINST PERSONS OB AGAINST BOTH PERSONS AND PBOPBRTY AND ARE SPORADIC. THIS FOBH OF ACTIVITY 0S0ALLT PRESENTS NO THREAT Of 0?BRTBROHING THE 60VERNHBNT. AN BXAHPLE OF TEBkORlSH AS HEBE DE- FINED TOOK PLACE ON APBIL 4, 1961 INSIDE THE PARIS STOCK EXCHANGE BHBN A BOHB EXPLODED INJURING FOUR- TEEN PEBSONS.)
55 24. SABOTAGE (SABOTAGE IS ALSO ORGANIZED, VIOLENT AND SPOBADIC ACTIVITY ON THB PABT OF SHALL GROUPS OF CITIZENS AIHED AT HABASSHENT OF THE GOVBRNRENT OR OTHER GROUPS. IN CONTRAST TO TERRORISH« HOHEVBB, THB ATTACKS ARE DIRECTED AGAINST PROPERTY RATHER THAN AGAINST PERSONS. TBIS FOBH OF ACTIVITY USUALLY PBESBNTS NO THREAT OF OVBRTHBOiING THE GOVEBNHENT. SABOTAGE TOOK PLACE IN LEBANON IN NOVEHBBB 1957 DUR- ING THB COHHUNIST AND DRUSE NAVES OF ACTIVITY. NUHEBOUS CASES OF ARSON OCCUBED AND 6BEAT PBOPBBTY DAHAGE RESULTED.)
93 25. GUERRILLA WARFARE (THIS CATEGORY INCLUDES ARHEO ACTIVITY BY HOBILB AND SCATTERED FOBCBS AIHED AT THE ULTIMATE OVERTHROW OF THE GOVEBNHENT. GUBBRILLA NARFARE USUALLY TAKBS THE FORH OF ATTACKS ON VIL- LAGES AND OUTPOSTS AND IS CHARACTERIZBD BY THB IB- BB6ULAB TACTICS EHPLOYBD. TBIS FOBB OF ACTIVITY USUALLY REPBBSENTS A THBBAT TO THE EXISTING GOVEBN- HENT. 6UBBBILLA WABFABE ACTIVITY HAS CABBIED OUT IN THB LATB 1950«S IN CUBA AS CASTBO LED THB REBELS TO PONBR.)
3« 26. CIVIL 1AR (TBIS CATB60BY INVOLVBS AN ALL-OUT NAB BETWEEN TWO OR HORB OBGANIZBD MAJOR SBGHENTS OF TAB POPULATION. BACB SEGHENT HAS ITS OWN GOVEBNHENT AND TBE BNTIBE NATION BBCOHES »PLICATED. THB ABHED CONFLICT TAKBS PLACE ON A LABGB SCALE. IT IS CON- TINUOUS AND USUALLY INVOLVES PITCHED BATTLES. IT IS POSSIBLE FOR A 6UBBBILLA WAB OB BEVOLT TO ESCALATE INTO A CIVIL NAB AS THB SCOPE, FBBQUENCY AND GRAVITY OF THB VIOLENT ACTIVITIES INCBEASE. AS HEBE DEFINED A CIVIL WAB TOOK PLACE IN HAINLAND CHINA IN THB LATE 19«0*S.)
139 27. COUP D'BTAT (A COUP D*ETAT IS DEFINED AS AN ILLEGAL OB FORCEFUL ATTEMPT TO CHANGE THE TOP GOVERNMENTAL OFFICE HOLDERS, WHETHBB SUCCESSFUL OB NOT. THIS ACTIVITY IS CHABACTEBIZED BY THE LIMITED NUMBER OF PEBSONS INVOLVED, USUALLY THB IN-GROUP BLITB AND THE CHALLENGING 0UT-6B0UP BLITB; AND BY TBE GBOGBAPBICAL LOCATION IN NBICH IT OCCURS, USUALLY THB CAPITAL CITY. ALLEGED AND UNSUCCESSFUL PLOTS TO OVERTHROW A BB6IME ABE INCLUDED WITHIN THIS CATEGORY BIT ABE DISTINGUISHED BY LOWBB ASSIGNED FF8N SCALB VALUES. A COUP D'ETAT TOOK PLACE IN IBAN IN 1953 WHEN
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POLITICAL EfEHTS PBOJBCT PAGB/9-11
(COHTIM0E0)
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QBIBBAL ZAKBDI OOSTBD PBBHIEB HOSSÄDEGH AND SBT DP A IBM 60VBBNHBBT IITB HIHSELF AT ITS HEAD.)
131 28. BBTOLT (A BEVOLT IS AH ABHED ATTEMPT OH THE PABT OF A GBODP TO POBH A GOVEBHHENT. THE GBAVITT OF THE EVBHT IS LESS THAH THAT OF CIVIL HAB, IH70LVIHG LESS OF THE POPOLATIOH AHD A SHALLEB GBOGBAPHICAL ABEA. IT IS OHUKE A COOP D'ETAT IH THAT HÖBE THAH OPPOS- IHG ELITES ABE INVOLVED. THIS CATEGOBT CAH HOST EASILY BB COHPABED TO THAT OF GOEBBILLA HABFABE. THE HAIH DIFFEBERCE IS IH THE TTPE OF ACTIVITY: GOEBBILLA HABFABE INVOLVES SCATTEBED OB IBBBGOLAB FOBCBS AHD SPOBADIC ATTACKS; HHILE A BEVOLT IHVOLVES LESS ROBILE AHD HÖBE FOBHALLY OBGAHIZED FOBCES USING PBIHABILY COHVEHTIOHAL TACTICS. THE HOST CORHOH FOBH OF BEVOLT IS OHE OCCOBIHG XH THE PBOVIHCES HITH LIMITED THBBAT OF OVEBTHBOHIHG THE GOVEBNHEHT. AS HEBE DBFIHED A BEVOLT TOOK PLACE IH THE PBOVIHCES OF BOLIVIA IH 1949 HHBH THE H.H.B. LED AN OPBISIHG AGAIHST THE 60VEBHBBHT.)
I«« 29. EXILE (POLITICALLY HOTIVATED VOLOHTABT OB INVOLOH- TABY BUT FBOH THE COOHTBY IS AH EXILE. FLIGHTS AHD ESCAPES OF POLITICAL BEFOGEES ABB INCLUDED WITHIN THIS CATBGOBY. BATISTA'S ESCAPE FBOH COBA TO THE DOHIHICAH BBPOBLIC OH JAH. 1, 1959 IS AH EXAMPLE OF THIS EVBHT.)
VAB 0007 BEF 0007 DATA SET ID-*7517* NAME-P1B3SHCE OF VIOLEHCB MD=GE 9
LOC 16 HIDTB 1 DK 1 COL 16
PBBSBHCE OF VIOLBHCE CODE
THIS VABIABLB IS USED TO DESI6HATE TBE PBESEHCE OB ABSEHCE OF VIOLEHCB. VIOLBHCE IS IDENTIFIED AS PHYSICAL INJURY TO PBBSOHS OB THE DBSTBOCTIOH OF HATEBIAL OBJECTS. IT MOST OFTBH HAHIFBSTS ITSELF AS IHJOBY, KILLIHG, OB PBOPERTY DAMAGE. ABBESTS ABE EXCLUDED FBOH TBIS DEFINITION OF VIOLENCE.
»74 0. HO VIOLBHCE BEPOBTBO 1068 1. VIOLEHCB BEPOBTED
5212 9. <IHAP.>
• .
POLITICAL EVEHTS PROJECT PAGE/M2
VAB 0008 RBP 0008 DATA SET ID-«7517» NAHB-LOCATIOH OF EVERT HD=GE 7
LOC 17 WIDTH 1 DK 1 COL 17
LOCATION CODE
(
THIS VARIABLE RECORDS THE LOCATION OP THE EVERT AND IS APPLIED PRIBARILT TO THE FOLLOWING EVENTS: STRIKES« DEHONSTRATIONS, BOYCOTTS, ARRESTS, HARTIAL LA«, ASSAS- SINATIONS, TBRRORISn, SABOTAGE, GUERRILLA VARFARE, COUPS D'ETA? AND REVOLTS.
108 0. NO DATA 696 1. CAPITAL CITT 465 2. URBAN BUT NOT CAPITAL CITT 160 3. RURAL (PROVINCES OR STATES) 439 4. «HOLE COUNTRY OR HAJOR SEGHBNT 34 5. OUTSIDE COUNTRY
4552 7. <IHAP.>
VAR 0009 REF 0009 DATA SET ID-*7517* NAHB-DURATION OF EVERT HD=GE 98
LOC 18 WIDTH 2 DK 1 COL 18-19
DURATIOR CODE
THIS VARIABLE DESCRIBES THE LENGTH OF TIRE DURING WHICH THE EVENT TOOK PLACE. DURATION IS APPLIED PRIHARILY TO THE FOLLOWING EVENTS: STRIKES, DEHONSTRATIONS, BOYCOTTS, HARTIAL LAW, TERRORISH, SABOTAGE, GUERRILLA WARFARE, CIVIL WAR, COUPS D'ETAT, REVOLTS AID EXILES. IN SORE CASES THE RELATIVE DURATIOR OF AH EVERT COULD ONLY BE BASED OR AN INTUITIVE RATIHG OF THE PARTICULAR EVERT (CODES 41, 71, AND 98).
0 TO 1/2 DAY 1/2 DA? TO ORE DAY 1 DAY TO TWO DAYS 2 DAYS TO ONE WEEK SHORT (A WEEK OR LESS FOR ALL EVENTS EXCEPT CIVIL WARS AND EXILES, FOR WHICH SIX HORTHS OR LESS IS USED AS THE GAUGE) 1 WEEK TO TWO WEEKS 2 WEEKS TO ORE HOHTH 1 HOITH TO 6 HONTHS
248 10. 269 20. 102 30. 113 40. 323 41.
55 50. 77 60. 97 70.
POLITICAL EfBITS PROJECT PAGE ^-13
(COITIHUBD)
139
57 160
71.
80. 90.
LOHG (OTBB A HBEK FOB ALL BVESTS EXCBPT CIVIL MABS AMD BULBS, FOB WHICH THE BBEAKIMG POINT IS 6 HOMTRS) 6 HOITBS TO 1 TEAR 1 TBAB PLUS
138 «976
98. BOT BH006R DATA FOR RATIHG 99. <IHAP.>
o THERE ARE COHVENTIOHS RHICB OTILIZE THE DUPXTION CATEGORY TO DISTINGUISH BETHEEH TYPES OF EVENTS« AS BELL AS TO EXPBESS THE LENGTH OF AH EVENT. THESE COBVENTIONS ABE THE F0LL0HIN6: STBIKES AND DEHONSTBATIONS: PBACFFOL DBHONSTRATIONS ARE CODED 10, "0 TO 1/2 DAY", UNLESS OTHER HOPE SPECIFIC DATA ABE GIVEN. VIOLEBT DEHONSTBATIONS ARE CODED 20, "1/2 TO 1 DAT", UNLESS THE DATA INDICATE OTHBRHISE. TEBBOBISB AND SABOTAGE: DURATION IS CODED 10, N0 TO 1/2 DAY», UNLESS OTHBRBISE SPECIFIED IN THE DATA. GUBBBILLA IABFABE, REVOLT* CIVIL BAR: A SINGLE BATTLE OB CLASH IN A CONTINUING CONFLICT BITH A DONATION OF "0 TO 1/2 DAT" IS CODED 10 TO DIFFERENTIATE IT FROR THE BEPOBTING OF THE LONG-TEBH CONFLICT. IF A GUBBBILLA NAB, BBVOLT OB CIVIL BAB CONTINUES FOB SBVEBAL YEARS, THE EVENT IS CODED FROH THE FIBST DAY OF BACH YBAB OF COBTIBUED CONFLICT, BITH A DURATIOH OF «ONE TBAB."
o VAB 0010
NAHE-NUHBEB INVOLVED LOC 20 WIDTH 2
BEF 0010 HD=UB 98
DK 1 COL 20-21
DATA SET I0-«7517«
NURBEB INVOLVED
THE NUHBEB OF PEOPLE WHO PABTICIPATED IN THE EVENT IS RECOBD- ED HERB. NUHBEB INVOLVED IS ESPECIALLY APPLICABLE TO RES- IGNATIONS, DISHISSALS, APPOINTHENTS, STBIKES, DEHONSTBATIONS, BOYCOTTS, ABBBSTS, ASSASSINATIONS, EXECUTIONS, COOPS D'ETAT, REVOLTS AND EXILES. IN CODING TERRORISH AND ASSASSINATION, THE NUHBEB INVOLVED BBFEBS TO THE TABGET OF THE ACTION, NOT THE INSTIGATORS. IN CODING ARRESTS, EXECUTIONS AND SUICIDES, THE SÄHE NUHBEB IS INDICATED IN THIS VABIABLB, AND IN EITHEB VABIABLE 11-NUHBEB KILLED, OB VARIABLE 12-NUHBEB ABBBSTBD. IN SORB CASES, THE NUHBEB OF PEOPLE INVOLVED IN AN EVENT COULD ONLY BE BASED ON AN INTUITIVE BATIBG OF THE EVENT. FOB INTUITIVE EATINGS, CODES 11 (INDIVIDUAL), 31 (FEW), 71 (HASS), ARD 98 (NOT ENOUGH DATA FOR RATIRG) WERE USED.
APPOINTMENTS, ABBESTS, EXECUTIONS, AND EXILES. OVER 10,000 PEBSONS OH STBIKBS, DEHONSTBATIONS, BOYCOTTS, COUPS D*BTAT AND BEVOLTS)
166 80. 10,001-100,000 71 90. OTEB 100,000
176 98, MOT ENOUGH DATA FOR BATING 2560 99. <INAP.>
VAR 0011 REF 0011 DATA SET ID-*7517* NAHB-NUMBEB KILLED MD=6E 98
LOC 22 WIDTH 2 DK 1 COL 22-23
^ ...
NOHBEB KILLED
THE NUMBER OF PEOPLE KILLED IN EACH OF THE EVENTS IS BECOBDED IN THIS FIELD. IN SOME CASES, THE HURBBB OF PEOPLE KILLED COULD ONLY BE ESTIMATED ON THE BASIS OF AN INTUITIVE BATING. FOB INTUITIVE BATINGS, 11 (INDIVIDUAL), 31 (FEN, 2-50 PER- SONS), 71 (HASS, OVER 50 PERSONS), AND 98 (NOT ENOUGH DATA FOR RATING) HEBE USED. IN THE CASE OF AH EVENT SUCH AS A STRIKE OR DEMONSTRATION, IF THE EVENT IS CODED AS PEACEFUL, "00" IS BBCOROED, INDICATING THAT HO ONE HAS KILLED. IF THE EVEHT IS CODED AS VIOLENT BUT NO SPECIFIC INFORMATION IS GIVEN IN THE DATA REGABDIHG THE HUHBBB OF PERSONS KILLED, "98" IS CODED, INDICATING THAT THERE IS "NOT ENOUGH DATA FOR RATING."
16 70. 1,001-10,000 22 71. HISS (07EE 50 PERSONS) 4 80. 10,001-100,000 1 90 OVER 100,000
UH 98. NOT ENOUGH DATA FOR RATING 5592 99. <IIAP.>
?AR 0012 REF 0012 MAHE-MOHBER IHJORED HD=GE 98
LOC 24 WIDTH 2 DK 1 COL 24-25
-
DATA SET ID-»7517«
o
NDHBER INJURED
THE NUHBER OF PEOPLE INJURED IN THE EVENT IS RECORDED HERE. IP AN EVENT SUCH AS A STRIKE OR DEHORSTRATION IS CODED AS PEACEFUL, "00" IS CODED INDICATING THAT NO ONE HAS INJURED. IF THE EVENT IS CODED AS VIOLENT, BUT NO SPECIFIC INFOR- HATION IS GIVEN IN THE DATA REGARDING THE NUHBER OF PERSONS INJURED, "98" IS CODED, INDICATING THAT THERE IS NOT ENOUGH DATA FOR RATING.
SO 71. HASS (OVER 100 PERSONS) 2 80. 10,001-100,000 0 90. OVER 100,000
384 98. NOT ENOUGH DATA FOR RATING 5854 99. <INAP.>
POLITICAL EVEIITS PROJECT PiGBiLl6
VkR 0013 «ABE-MUBBBB ARRESTED
LOC 26 IIDTR 2
RBF 0013 SD=GE 98
DK 1 COL 26-27
DATA SET ID-«7517»
BOBBER ARRESTED
f- ^:*,»'
(
TBE BOBBER OF PEOPLE ARRESTED IB EACH EVENT IS RECORDED HEBE. IN SOBE CASES TBE RUBBER OP PEOPLE ARRESTED COULD ONLY BE BASED OB AR IBTUITITE RATING OP THE EVENT. FOR INTUITIVE RATINGS, CODES 11 (INDIVIDUAL), 41 (FEN, 2-100 PERSONS), 71 (BASS, OVER 100 PEBSONS) ABD 98 (NOT ENOUGH DATA FOR RATING) BERE USED.
«66 98. BOT EBOUGH DATA FOB RATING 5186 99. <IBAP.>
VAR 0014 REP 0014 NAHE-PROPERTT DABAGE HD=GE 9
LOC 28 BIOTB 1 DK 1 COL 28
DATA SET ID-»7517»
1HOUHT OF PROPERTI DABAGE
THE ABOUNT OF PROPERTY DABAGE OCCUBRIB6 IB EACH OF THE EVENTS IS RECORDED IN THIS VARIABLE.
550 26 115
6063
0. ZERO 1. LITTLE ($30,000 OR LESS) 2. BUCB (OVER $30,000)
9. <IBAP.>
POLITICAL E?BHTS PHOJBCT PAGE^17
7&R 0015 NÄSB-HATOHB OF TEHSIOM
LOC 29 WIDTH 1
REF 0015 DATi SET ID-17517» NO HISSING DATA CODES
DK 1 COL 29
NATURE OF TENSION
THE NATURE OF THE TENSION OR CONFLICT UNDERLYING THE EVENT IS RECORDED IN THIS VARIABLE. THE CATEGORIES "ETHUIC" OR «RELI- GIOUS" ARE APPLIED TO ALL EVENTS INVOLVING MINORITY GROUPS. THE CATEGORIES "EDUCATIONAL" AND "ECONOHIC" ARE USED HOHE SPARINGLY, IN FAVOR OF THE CATEGORY "POLITICAL." FOR EXAM- PLE, IF THE ISSUES UNDERLYING A STRIKE ARE PARTLY ECONOHIC AND PARTLY POLITICAL, THE NATURE OF THE TENSION IS CODED AS POLITICAL. SIHILARILY, k CODING OF EDUCATIONAL IS LIMITED TO EVENTS EXPRESSLY RELATING TO CONFLICTS OVER EDUCATIONAL ISSUES. STUDENT DEMONSTRATIONS ARE HOST FREQUENTLY CODED AS POLITICAL, INDICATING CONFLICT OVER POLITICAL, NOT EDUCATION- AL ISSUES.
889 1. POLITICAL (INCLUDES ANYTHING NOT COVERED BY OTHER CATEGORIES)
FOR SOHE EVENTS THE OUTCOME IS AN IMPORTANT CONSIDERATION AND IS RECORDED IN THIS VARIABLE. EVENTS FOR WHICH THE OUTCOME IS RECORDED ARE PRIMARILY THE FOLLOWING: SUICIDES, ASSASSIN- ATIONS, COUPS D'ETAT, CIVIL WAR, RESIGNATIONS, GUERRILLA WARS AND REVOLTS. OUTCOHE IS NOT CODED FOR A SINGLE BATTLE OR CLASH WITHIN A GUERRILLA WAR, REVOLT OR CIVIL WAR ALTHOUGH THE ONGOING CONFLICT IS CODED AS EITHER SUCCESSFUL, UNSUC- CESSFUL OR INDETERHIHATE FOR EACH YEAR IN WHICH IT TAKES PLACE. SUCCESS IS ASCRIBED FROH THE VIEWPOINT OF THE REBEL FORCES. WHEN THE CONFLICT IS CODED "INDETERMINATE," IT IN- DICATES THJlT THE REBELS POSE A THREAT TO THE EXISTING REGIME, BUT THE FIlfAL OUTCOHE IS STILL IN DOUBT.
POLITICAL EVEKTS PROJECT PAGE^,18
(COHTIHOED)
r
38 0, HO DATA OB INDETEBHIHATE 414 1. SUCCESSFUL 268 2. UNSUCCESSFUL
6031 9. <IMAP,>
VAB 0017 BEF 0017 DATA SET ID-«7517» NAHE-FfFfAID N SCALE HO HI'iSIRG DATA CODES
LOC 31 tlDTfl 1 DK 1 COL 31
FBIEBABEHD, FEIEBABEND, AHD HESVOLD SCALE
L
THIS IS A COHSERSUAL SCALE THAT ESTIHATES DIFFEBEMT INTENSITY LEVELS OP AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOB IN INSTABILITY EVENTS. EACH SPECIFIC EVENT IN THE DATA BARK RECEIVES ONE OF THE SEVEN SCALE VALUES. ZERO SCALE VALUE CONNOTES AN ABSENCE OF INSTA- BILITY BHILE SCALE POINT 6 INDICATES EXTBEHE INSTABILITY. VALUES 1, 2, 3, 4 AND 5 ABE THE INTEBHEDIATE INTENSITIES BE- TWEEN THE THO EXTBEHE VALUES. IN ASSIGNING SCALE VALUES TO EVENTS, NOT ONLY THE NATUBE OF THE EVENT IS TAKEN INTO CON- SIDERATION BUT ALSO THE NUBBEB OF PEBSONS PABTICIPATIHG, TBB AHOUNT OF VIOLENCE, THE DUBATION OF TBB EVENT AHD SOHE ESTI- HATE OF ITS REPERCUSSIONS ON THE SOCIETY. THE DEGREE OF CONSENSUAL VALIDATION FOR THIS SCALE AHD A DESCRIPTION OF ITS USB IH PROFILING NATIONS HAY BE FOUND IN FEIERABEND, IVO K. AND BOSALIND L. FEIERABEND,, "AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOBS WITHIN POLITIES, 1948-1962: A CBOSS NATIONAL STUDY," JOURNAL OF CONFLICT BESOLUTION,10,3 (SEPT.1966),249-71.
520 0. POINT 0 POINT 0 ON THE SCALE HAY BE CHABACTEBIZBD AS EXTBEHE POLITICAL STABILITY. NO DISTOBBANCE IS OBSERVABLE IH TBB POLITICAL SYSTBH. IF CHARGE OCCUBS IN THE ABBANGEHEHTS OF THE SYSTEH, IT IS CABBIED OUT IN AN OBDBBLY, ROUTINE-LIKE FASHION ACCORDING TO ROLES INSTITUTIONALLY PRESCRIBED. ITEH TYPICAL OF POIRT 0: ELECTIOHS (INSTITUTIONALLY PRESCRIBED)
2485 1. POINT 1 POINT 1 ON THE SCALE STILL CONNOTES STABILITY. NEVEBIHELESS, THE POLITICAL SYSTEH LABORS UNDER HILD STRAIN, CHANGES IN THE ABBANGEHEHTS OF THE SYSTEH ABE STILL CABBIED OUT IN AN OBDERLY FASHION AND, FOR THE HOST PABT, NITHIN THE LIMITS OF THE BULBS INSTI- TUTIONALLY PRESCRIBED; BUT IR A NAY THAT HAY BE CHARACTERIZED AS LESS THAN ROUTINE. AN AURA OF HILD CRISIS IS IN THE AIR. ITERS TYPICAL OF POINT 1:
.
POLITICAL ETBITS PBOJECT PAGE^-19
(COHTIMDBO)
DISSOLUTION OF LEGISLATURE {INSTITUTIONALLY SANCTIONED)
SIGNIFICANT CHANGE OF CONSTITUTION BT AHENDHENT RESIGNATION OF SIGNIFICANT POLITICAL FIGURE (S)
(FOR OTHER THAN PERSONAL REASONS) FALL OF CABINET (IN RESPONSE TO NONCONFIDEHCE
HOTION) DISMISSAL OF SIGNIFICANT POLITICAL FIGURE (S)
(FOR OTHER THAN PERSONAL REASONS) STRIKE (S), PEACEFUL, LIMITED, SHORT (PROTEST
ACTION AGAINST THE GOVERNMENT) DEHONSTRATIONS(S) # PROTEST BOVBHENTS AGAINST
THE GOVERNMENT (PEACEFUL, LIMITED IN SCOPE)
PLEBESCITB 2108 2. POINT 2
POUT 2 ON THE SCALE CONNOTES THE PRESENCE OF SOME DISTURBANCE. THE STRAINS MITHIN THE SYSTEM AFFECT- ING THE GOVERNMENT (OR COMMONLY ITS OPPOSITION) ARE ASSUMING A GREATER MAGNITUDE THAN UNDER POINT 1. PEACEFUL AND ORDERLY POLITICAL PROCESSES ARE ADVER- SELY AFFECTED. IMPRESSIONISTICALLY, ONE COULD SAY THAT IF POINTS 0 AND 1 DENOTE STABILITY, POINT 2 HARKS MILD INSTABILITY OR THREATS TO STABILITY. ITEMS TYPICAL OF POINT 2:
DEMONSTRATIONS, PROTEST MOVEMENTS AGAINST THE GOVERNMENT (PEACEFUL, WIDESPREAD)
ARREST(S) OF MEMBER(S) OF SIGNIFICANT GROUP (S) ARREST (S) OF SIGNIFICANT POLITICAL FIGURE (S) LEGISLATION DIRECTED AGAINST SIGNIFICANT
GROUP(S) IN THE SOCIETY CONFISCATION OF PROPERTY (AS A MEASURE AGAINST
SIGNIFICANT GROUPS IN SOCIETY) SIGNIFICANT GROUP(S) OUTLAWED STRIKE(S), SOME VIOLENCE, AND/OR WIDESPREAD,
AND/OR LONG IN DURATION (PROTEST ACTION AGAINST GOVERNMENT)
SUICIDE OF SIGNIFICANT POLITICAL FIGURE (S) (FOR OTHER THAN PERSONAL REASONS)
GENERAL STRIKE (DEMONSTRATING SUPPORT FOR THE GOVERNMENT, PROTEST ACTION AGAINST SIGNI- FICANT GROUP(S) IN SOCIETY)
GENERAL STRIKE (PROTEST ACTION AGAINST GOVERNMENT)
MARTIAL LAW EXTREMIST PARTY GAINS CONTROL OF GOVERNMENT EXILES ORGANIZATION OF OPPOSITION PARTY BOYCOTTS
843 3. POINT 3
mm
■
c
c
POLITICAL EVENTS PBOJBCT PAGE^-20
(COHTIMDED)
POINT 3 ON THE SCALE IS THE HID-POINT OF THE STA- BILITI-IHSTABILITT CONTINUOH. DISTUBBANCE IS INTEN- SIFIED AS COHPABBD TO THAT POOND IN THE ITEHS UNDEB POINT 2. ITEHS TYPICAL OF POINT 3:
EXECUTION(S) OF SIGNIFICANT POLITICAL FIGOBE(S)
ASSASSINATION OF SIGNIFICANT GBOOP LEAOEB(S) BIOT(S) (LIMITED) PLOT TO OVEBTHBOH GOVEBNHENT (NO VISIBLE OIS- TUBBANCE, FEN ARBESTS, TBIALS, EXILES)
564 4. POINT 0 AT POINT 4 ON THE SCALE DISTOBBANCES BEACH A HAGNI- TODE AT NHICH THE OVEBTHBOH OF GOVEBNHENT HAT BE EXPECTED. INSTABILITY IS CLEABLY PBESENT. ITEHS TYPICAL OF POINT 4:
ABBESTS, HASS BIOTS, HOCH VIOLENCE, MASS DEHONSTBATIONS, LABGE STBATA OF POPOLATION INVOLVED, "THE AIB OF BEVOLOTION")
CIVIL NAB
POLITICAL E7EHTS PROJECT PAGE ^-21
7AR 0018 M&NE-SI6HIFICANT PERSON?
LOC 32 RIDTH 1
REF 0018 HD=GB 9
DK 1 COL 32
DATA SET ID-«7517«
SI6MIPICAKT PERSOSS
o
THE STATUS OF THE PESSOHS IN70L7E0 IH E7ENTS IS CODED IN THIS 7ARIABLE. PERSONS IN SOLES OF LEADEHSHIP ARE DESIGNATED AS SIGGIFICAHT. ALL OTHER PERSONS ABE CONSIDERED INSIG- NIFICASf. EZAHPLES OF SIGNIFICANT PERSONS ARE: CABINET HEHBERS, IBPORTANT ARHT OFFICERS, ONION LEADERS, BISHOPS, EDITORS, AND OTHER PROHINENT HEHBERS OF SOCIETT. IN CASES OF ARRESTS, EXECUTIONS, ASSASSINATIONS, TERRORISH AND EXILES, THE CATEGORY «SIGNIFICANT PERSONS" REFERS ONLY TO THE TARGET OF THE ACTION. IN STRIKES AND DEMONSTRATIONS, IF SIGNIFICANT AS HELL AS INSIGNIFICANT PERSONS TAKE PART, THE SIGNIFICANT PERSON CATEGORY IS COOED. THE JULY 1953 ARREST OF BERIA IN BUSSIA IS AN EXAMPLE OF THE ARREST OF A SIGNIFICANT PERSON, WHILE THE ARREST OF THIRTY-EIGHT UNSPECIFIED PERSONS IN FRANCE DURING THE HAY 1952 ANTI-RIDGEHAY BIOTS IS AN EXAHPLE OF THE ARREST OF INSIGNIFICANT PERSONS.
239 «61
0. SIGNIFICANT PERSON 1. INSIGNIFICANT PERSON
6054 9. <INAP.>
YAR 0019 NAHE-SOURCE CODE
LOC 33 VIDTH
REF 0019 DATA SET ID-«7517« NO HISSING DATA CODES
DK 1 COL 33
SOURCE HATERIALS
THIS VARIABLE INDICATES THE SOURCE OF THE DATA.
5129 1625
0. DEADLINE DATA ON HORLD AFFAIRS 1. DEADLINE DATA ON HORLD AFFAIRS SOPPLERENTED BY ADDI-
TIONAL INFORHATION FBOH THE ENCYCLOPEDIA BBITTANICA YEARBOOKS.
.
POLITICAL EVBHTS PBOJECT PAGE ^-22
TAR 0020 REF 0020 DATA SET ID-«7517* 0020 REF 0020 HABE-' TTBAH SCALE SCORES BD'GE 9
LOG 34 BIDTB 1 DK 1 COL 34
^— -
GOTTBAB SCALE SCORES
A SOBSET OF EVERTS WAS SUBJECTED TO A SCALOGRAR ABALTSIS. OMLT TBOSE EVENTS DEBOTIHG RIGBLT AGGRESSIVE BEBAVIORS BEBE SELECTED, ABD THE UBDERLTING DIHBBSIOB BAS HYPOTHESIZED TO BE TBE IBTEBSITT OF AGGRESSIVE ACTIOBS. (COEFFICIENT OF RE- PRODOCTBILITT = .96 ) FOR A DESCRIPTIOB OF TBIS ABALTSIS, SEE BBSVOLD, BERT A. «SCALOGBAH ABAL1SIS OF POLITICAL VIOLEBCE," COHPARATIVE POLITICAL STODIES,2,2(JOL,1969), 172-194.
THE FOOR POIBTS OF TBE SCALE COBBOTB IBCRBASIHG IBTEBSITT OF AGGBESSIVE BEHAVIORS. (ROTE: SINCE THIS EXERCISE UTILIZED A SUBSET OF TBE DATA, BOT ALL EVEBTS ARE SCORED IB TBIS COLUBH.)
2128 1. POIBT 1 POINT 1 OH TBE SCALE CAB BE CBARACTBBIZED AS TUB- BOIL. THE FOLLOBIBG EVEBTS BEBE SCORED 1: RIOTS ABD DBHOBSTRATIOHS, BOYCOTTS AGAIBST TBE GOVERRHBBT, POLITICALLY HOTIVATBD ARRESTS, GOVERBBEBT ACTIOB AGAIBST SPECIFIC GROUPS, SABOTAGE.
483 2. POIBT 2 POINT 2 ON THE SCALE CAN BE CBARACTBBIZED AS RE- VOLT. THE FOLLOBIBG EVEBTS BEBE SCORED 2: BARTIAL LAB, COUP D'ETAT, REVOLT.
223 3. POIBT 3 POIBT 3 OB THE SCALE CAB BE CHABACTERIZED AS GUER- RILLA BAB. THE FOLLOBIBG EVEBTS BEBE SCOBED 3: GUERRILLA BABFARE, POLITICALLY ROTIVATED ASSASSIBA- TIOBS.
161 4. POIBT 4 POINT 4 ON TBE SCALE CAB BE CHABACTEBIZED AS CIVIL BAR. THE FOLLOBING EVEBTS BEBE SCORED 4: POLITICALLY BOTIVATED EXECUTIOBS, CIVIL BAR,
3759 9. (IBAP.)
■
POLITICiL EVBVTS PBOJBCT PIGB^-23
VAR 0021 BBP 0021 DATA SBT ID-*7517* BAHB-S1SBIAL BOHBBB OF BfBBT BO BISSIB6 DATA CODBS
LOC 35 BIDTB 4 DK 1 COL 35-38
SBBIAL BUHBBB OF BVEBT
( )
- - ■
« r
DIBEHSIOMS OP CONFLICT BEHAVIOR
WITHIN AND BETWEEN NATIONS
1955-60
( PHIFCIPAL INVESTIGATORS
c
RUDOLPH J. ROBHEL NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
1963
RATBOHD TANTER INDIANA UNIVERSITY
FIRST EDITION - 1971
INTEB-UNIVEBSITY CONSORTIUM FOR POLITICAL RESEARCH BOX me
ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN 48106
r
, guBril
ACKHOILBDGHEHT OF ASSISTANCE
ALL HAH0SCHIPT3 OTILIZIHG DATA HADE AVAILABLE THBOOGH THE
COHSOBTIDB SHOULD ACKHOHLBDGE THAT PACT AS HELL AS IDEMTIPI
TAB 0BI6INAL COLLECTOE OF THE DATA. THE ICPB COOHCIL OBGES
ALL USEBS OF ICPB DATA FACILITIES TO FOLLOH SORE
ADAPTATION OF THIS STATEHERT HITH THE BRACKETS IHDICATIHG
ITEHS TO BE FILLED IN APPBOPBIATELT OB DELETED BY THE
INDIVIDUAL OSBB.
THE DATA (AND TABULATIONS) UTILIZED IN THIS (PUBLICATION) BEBE HADE AVAILABLE (IN PABT) BI THE INTEB-UNIVBRSITY CONSOBTIUH FOB POLITICAL BBSBABCH. THE DATA HEBE ORIGINALLY COLLECTED BI NEITHEB THE OBIGIBAL COLLECTOB OF THE DATA NOB THE CONSOBTIUH BBABS ANY RESPONSIBILITY FOB THE ANALYSES OB INTEBPRBTATIONS PRESENTED HEBE.
o
IN ORDBB TO PBOVIOB FUNDING AGENCIES HITH ESSENTIAL
INFORHATION ABOUT THE USE OF ABCHIVAL RESOURCES, AND TO
FACILITATE THE EXCHANGE OF INFOBHATION ABOUT ICPB
PARTICIPANTS» BBSBABCH ACTIVITIES, EACH USEB OF THE ICPB
DATA FACILITIES IS EXPECTED TO SEND THO COPIES OF BACH
COHPLETBD BANDSCRIPT TO THE CONSOBTIUH. PLEASE
INDICATE IB THE COVBB LBTTEP HHICH DATA HEBE USED.
DATA FBOB "DIHBMSIOHS OP COHPLICT BBHAVIOB BITBIH AHD BBTVBEM BiTIOBS, 1955-57«" BT BUDOLPB J. BUHBEL AMD "DIBBVSIOHS OP COBPLICT BBBATIOB MITBIH AMD BBTWBEH MATIOHS, 1958-60," BT BATBOHD TAMIBR, HATE BEEN HBB6ED INTO A SIHGLE DATA PILE AID ABB DESCBI8ED IB THIS CODBBOOK.
THE GOALS OP BOTH IBTESTIGATOBS HEBB TO FIND THE DIHEBSIQBS OP TABIATIOH IB THE DOHESTIC AHD POBBIGN COHPLICT BBBATIOB OP BATIOBS, TO PLACE EACH HATIOM ALOBG THOSE DIHEaSIOHS, ABD TO DISCOTSB TBB BELATIONSHIP BETHEEM THE OIHBBSIOHS OP THE THO POBBS OP COHPLICT BBBATIOB.
TBB TABTBB STDDT ALSO RAD THE EXPLICIT GOAL OP BBPLICATIOB. THE IBTESTIGATOB OBTAIBED ADDITIOHAL ETIDENCE ABOUT DOHESTIC ABD POBEIGH COHPLICT BBBATIOB TO ADD TO THE BELIABILITT OP THE 1955-57 DATA ABD TO IHCBBASE THE COMPIDBHCE THAT THE BABLIBB PIHDIBGS «EBB HOT THB BBSOLT OP CHAHCE PACTOBS.
TBB BOHHEL STDDT COBTAIHS DATA OB 22 DOHESTIC AMD POBEIGH COHPLICT TABIABLES POB 77 COOBTBIBS POB THE TEABS 1955, 1956 AHD 1957. BATHOHD TAMTEB(S STDDT HAS DESIGNED AS A BBPLICATIOB OP BOHHEL«S STUDT WITH DATA COLLECTED ON THE SABE CSITEBIA POB IBCLDSIOB AS USED BT BOHHEL.
TBE BIHE HEASOBES OP DOHESTIC CONFLICT BBBATIOB OSED BT BOTH IBTESTIGATOBS ABB; NOHBEB OP ASSASSINATIONS, NOHBEK OP GEHEBAL STBIKES, PBBSEHCE OB ABSBHCE OP GUEBBILLA HABPABB, HOHBBB OP BAJOB GOTEBHHEHT CBISBS, HOHBEB OP POBGBS, HOHBEB OP BIOTS, HOHBEB OP AHTI-GOTEBHHEBT DEHOH- STBATIOHS, BDBBEB OP BBTOLOTIOBS AHD HOHBEB KILLED IB DOHESTIC TIOLEBCE.
THE THIBTBBH POBEIGH COHPLICT HEASOBES ABE: BDBBEB OP AHTI-P0BBI6B DEHOBSTBATIOBS, BOBBER OP HEGATITE SANCTIONS, HOHBEB OP PBOTESTS, HOHBEB OP COONTBIES HITH HHICH DIPLOHATIC BELATIOBS ABE SETEBED, HOHBBB OP AHBASSADOBS EXPELLED OB BECALLBD, BDBBEB OP IBSTABCBS OP EXPOLSIOB OB BBCALL OP LESSEE OPPICIALS, HOHBBB OP THBEATS, PBESBHCE OB ABSENCE OP HILITABT ACTIOB, PBESEBCE OB ABSENCE OP HAB, HOHBEB OP TBOOP BOTEBEBTS, HOHBEB OP BOBILIZATIOBS, HOHBEB OP ACCOSATIONS AHD HOHBEB KILLED I» P01BIGH TIOLEHCE.
THE POLLOHIHG CBITEBIA HEBE OSED BT BOTH IBTESTIGATOBS IB SELECTIH6 HATIOHS POB IBCLDSIOB IB TBE STÖDIBS: SOTBIEI6BTT POB AT LEAST THO TEARS BEPOBB THE PIBST TEAS IHCLODED IH THE STODT, AS ETIDEHCED BT DIPLOHATIC BELATIOBS HITH OTHEB COOBTBIBS AHD THE BXISTEHCE OP A POBEIGH HIHISTRT OB ITS EQDITALENT; AHD A POPOLATIOH OP AT LEAST 800,000 IH THE PIBST TBAB OP THE STODT.
SIHCE ROBE COUHTBIBS HEBE ABLE TO HEBT TBE QOALIPTIHG CBITEBIA IB 1958 THAN IN 1955, TBB 1958-60 STODT CONTAINS DATA POB THE POLLOHIHG COOBTBIBS HOT IHCLODED IH THB EABLIEB STODT: AOSTRIA, BOBOCCO, SODAH, TOHISIA, LIBIA, LAOS, NOBTH TIETHAH AHD SOOTH TIETHAB.
■
II THE STATUS OP COÖRTRIES COBPOSIMG THE ü.i.R. «IS HOT
COHSIiHT ACHOSS BOTH TIHE PERIODS, AHD THET HERE DEALT HITH DIPPBBEHTLY BT EACH IHVESTIGATOB: BUHHEL TREATS THE THREE COQITBIES, EGYPT« SIBIA AHD TBHEH SEPARATELY; TAHTEB TBEATS THEH AS OHE COOHTRY, THB Ü.A.B.
THE SOOBCES POB THE BOHHEL DMA ABE PRIMARILY THE HEH YORK TIHES IHDEX, HEB IMTERHAIIOHAL YEARBOOK, PACTS OH PILE AMD BBITAHHICA BOOK OP THE YEAB. LESS PBEQOENTLY USED IS KBESIHG'S COHTEHPOBABY ARCHIVES.
HAJOB SOOBCES POB THE TAHTEB DATA ABE: THE HER YOBK TIHES IHDEZ AHD DEADLINE DATA OH HOBLD APPAIBS. LESS PBBQUEHTLY USED SOOBCES ARE BBITAHHICA BOOK OP THE YEAB AMD PACTS OH PILE.
POB PUBTHEB DESCBIPTIOM OP THE ORIGINAL STUDIES AHD EITEHSIVE BIBLIOGRAPHY SEE: BUHHEL, RUDOLPH J. "DIHBMSIOMS OP COMPLICT BEHATIOB HITHIH AHD BETHEEH MATIOH," GEHEBAL SYSTEMS YBABBOOK, VIII (1963), 1-50 AMD TAHTEB, BAYHOND, "DIBEMSIOHS OP COHPLICT BEBATIOB HITHIH AMD BETHEEH HATIOHS, 1958-60," JOOBMAL OP COMPLICT BESOLUTIOM, 10 (HABCH, 1966), 41-64.
PBOCESSIHG IHPOBHATIOH
PBOCESSIHG STAMDABDS OP THE IHTEB-UHIVERSITY COHSORTIUH POR POLITICAL RESEARCH GUIDED THE PBOCESSIHG OF THIS STUDY.
CODMTBY IMDEHTIPICATIOH CODES USED IH THIS STUDY ABE TAKER PBOH BBOCE H. BOSSETT, J. DAVID SIHGEB AMD HELTIM SHALL, "HATIOMAL POLITICAL OHTTS III THE 20TH CEHTUBY: A STAMDABDIZED LIST," THE AHBBICAM POLITICAL SCIEMCE BETIBH, LZII, 3 (SEPTEHBEB, 1968), 935-950.
THE BOHHEL DATA HEBE TAKER PBOH DATA TABLES IH THE IHTESTIGATOB*S OBIGIHAL ABTICLE AHD HEBE HADE HACHIME- BEADABLB. COOHTBY IDBHTIPICATIOH CODES HEBE ADDED TO THE CATA CASES.
STODY PBOCESSOBS COOED THE TAHTEB DATA PBOH THE IHTBSTIGATOB'S OBIGIHAL ROTES OH IHDEZ CABDS. ALL IMCOMSI5.TEHCIES HITH THE DATA TABLES IH THB OBIGIHAL ABTICLE HEBE IMTESTI6ATBD AMD THE COBBECT PI6BBBS TEBIPIED. THEY NBBB THEH HADE HACHIHE-READABLE. COOHTBY IDPHTIPICATIOH CODES HEBE ADDED TO THB DATA CASES.
BOBIH G. KATZ PBEPABBD THE CODEBOOK AHD PBOCESSED HOST OP THE DATA; AHTHOMY BAMASH ASSISTED IH THE DATA PBOCESSIHG.
THE IHTEB-OHITEBSITY COHSORTIOH POR POLITICAL RESEARCH PROCESSED THIS COOEBOOK AHD DATASET HITH THE SOPPOBT OP THE ADTAMCED BBSEABCH PBOJECTS A6EHCY THBOUGH THE OPPICE OP RATAL BBSEABCH OHDEB COMTBACT MO. H00014-67-A-0181-0026.
.
Ill CODBBOOK IHFOBBÄtlOM
TBE EZABPLB BELOW IS A BBPBODBCTIOH OF IHFOBIATIOM iPPBBBIIG IB THE FIBAL HACBINB-BBAOABLB CODEBOOK FOB A TYPICAL 7ABIABLE. TBE BUHBEBS IN PABEMTHESES AT TBE LEFT OF EACH EBTBT DO HOT APPBAB IH THE CODBBOOK, BOT ABB BEFBBEBCBS TO THE DESCBIPTIOH IHICH FOLLO0S THE EXAHPLE.
(1) TAB 0010 (1) BEF 0010 (2) DATA SET ID - «7531* (3) HABE - ASSASSIBATIORS - 058-60 (4) HD=GE 99
(S) LOC IS NIDTH 2 (6) DK 1 COL 9-10
(7) HOHBEB OF ASSASSIHATIOHS - DOHESTIC, 1958-60
(8) ASSASSIMATIOH: AHT POLITICALLY HOTITATED HUBOBB OB ATTEHPTED HOBDEB OF A HIGH GOTBBBBEBTAL OFFICIAL OB POLITICIAH.
(1) THE TABIABLE ABD BEFEBEBCE HDHBBBS. A TABIABLE ARD A BEFEBEBCE BOHBEB ABE ASSIGBED TO EACH ITEH IH THE STBDT. IH THE PBBSEHT CODEBOOK, THESE HOHBEBS ABE IDEBTICAL. SBOOLO TBB DATA BE SOBSETTED OB BEABBAB6E0 TO IBTEBSPBBSB DATA FBOB AHOTHEB SOOBCE OB TO PBODOCE AH AMALir.IS DECK, THE TABIABLE BHBBBBS IB TBE BERLT-FOIHED CODEBOOK BOOLD CHABGE TO BEFLBCT TAB OBDEB OF TBE BEB DATASET, WHILE THE BEFEBEBCE BOHBEBS BOOLD BEHAIB UBCHAHGED TO BEFEBBBCB THE TABIABLE HOHBEBS IB THE OBIGIHAL CODEBOOK DBSCniBIBG THE äBCHITED DATASET.
(2) THE FOHB-COLUHB ICPB STODI IDEBTIFICATIOB HOHBEB 0BIQÜE TO IBIS DATASET.
c
I? (3) THE ABBRBTIATED (2a CHiRiCTBRS HAZIHOfl) VARIABLE
NAHE USED BY OSIRIS, THE ICPR-SOPPORTED SOFTIARE PACKAGE, TO IDENTIFY THE VARIABLE.
(i*) THE DESIGIATIOM OF HISSING DATA. IN THIS EXAHPLE, CODE VALUES GREATEB THAN OR EQUAL TO 99 ARE HISSING DATA. ALTEBNATIVE STATEHENTS FOUND IN THIS CODEBOOK ARE •BD=GB9'# •HD-GB999*, •MD=GE9999S AND •HD=GB99999.« SOHE SOFTNARE PACKAGES (INCLUDING OSIRIS) REQUIRE THAT DATA HBICH DO NOT REPRESENT SUBSTANTIVE VALUES (HISSING DATA, E.G., INAPPROPRIATE, UNASCERTAINED, UNASCEBTAINABLE, OR AHBI6U0US DATA CATEGORIES) BE GIVEN A VALUE SHICH HAY BE EXCLUDED AUTOHATICALLY BY THE ANALYSIS PHOGRAHS, ENABLING THE USER TO EXCLUDE SUCH DATA IF HE SO DESIRES. THE NUHEBIC CODES WHICH ARE ASSIGNED TO THESE CATEGORIES, SUCH AS •99» FOB THE THO-COLÜHN VARIABLE IN THE EXAHPLE, DO NOT REPRESENT SUBSTANTIVE VALUES IN THE SÄHE LOCATIONS. IN THIS VARIABLE, THEN, NO CASE HAS •99« AS A NUHBER OF ASSASSINATIONS.
(5) THE STARTING LOCATICh AND WIDTH OF THIS VARIABLE «BEN THE DATA ARE STORED ON A HA6NETIC TAPE IN OSIRIS FORHAT. VARIABLE 0010 IN THE EXAHPLE BEGINS IN TAB FIFTEENTH POSITION OF AN OSIBIS DATA RECORD AND IS TNO COLDHNS HIDE.
(6) THE LOCATION BY DBCK AND COLUHN(S) OF THIS VARIABLE HHBN DATA ARE ON CARDS OR IN CARD IHAGE FORH.
(7) THE FULL VARIABLE NAHE.
(8) THE VABIABLE DEFINITION.
(9) A REFERENCE TO A FORHER VARIABLE DEFINITION.
(10) THE HEAR AND STANDARD DEVIATION OF THIS VARIABLE.
(11) THE FREQUENCY OF OCCURRENCE OF EACH CODE VALUE. IN THE EXAHPLE, THERE HERE Ü OCCURENCES OF THE CODE •02«, THAT IS, a OCCURENCES OF 2 ASSASSINATIONS.
(12) THE LOCATION OF NUHEBIC CODES FOR VARIABLES IN THE DATA FILE. IN THIS CODEBOOK, THE NUHEBIC CODES GIVEN ARE THE ACTUAL VALUES FOUND IN THE DATA. THAT IS, A CODE VALUE OF •02* FOR THIS VARIABLE BEANS 2 ASSASSINATIONS. VABIABLE CODES HERE PRESENTED IN THIS BANNER, BECAUSE THE DISTRIBUTION OF ACTUAL VALUES IAS FOUND TO BE SBALL. HAD THERE BEEN A NIDEB DISTBIBUTION OF VALUES, THE LISTING OF THE VALUES MOULD HAVE BEEN ELIHINATED, AND THE STATBHENT "ACTUAL NUHBER FOUND IS RECORDED" 70ULD
^qiiw^E!^^!!MMRffl0r
HAVE BEER USED, AID THE B&MGE OP VALUES INDICATED.
(13) THE DEFIHITIOMS OP HDEERIC CODES. FOE EXAHPLE, THE CODE OP ■02* IS DBPIHED AS »2 ASSASSINATIONS'.
o
IN ADDITION TO VARIABLES LIKE THE ONE DESCRIBED ABOVE« THREE OP THE IEASOBES (GUERRILLA VABPABE, HILITART ACTION AND WAR) ARE DICHOTOHOUS. ONLY THE PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF THE EVENT IN A GIVEN TEAR IS CODED RATHER THAN THE NQHBER OF OCCORBHCES. THIS IS EVIDENT IN THE CODE DEFINITIONS.
DATA CASES IN THE ROHHEL-TANTER DATA FILE ARE ORGANIZED BT CODNTRT, AND THE VARIABLES ARE IN ASCENDING ORDER BT TEAR. EACH CONFLICT HEASDRE (E.G., ASSASSINATIONS) IS BROKEN DOWN INTO EIGHT VARIABLES REPRESENTING THE INDIVIDUAL TEARS AND 3-TEAR COHOLATIVE FIGURES FOR BACH TINE PERIOD, E.G., ASSASSINATIONS - 1955, ASSASSINATIONS - 1956, ASSASSINATIONS - 1957, ASSASSINATIONS - 1955-57, ASSASSINATIONS - 1958, ASSASSINATIONS - 1959, ASSASSINATIONS - 1960 AND ASSASSINATIONS - 1958-60.
"w^?—-VT '\:' :^.E. ^ 7:.'
DIHEMSIONS OF COHPLICT BBHiTIOB PAOB .1
ViB 0001 BBF 0001 DATA SBT ID-«7531» MAHE-STUDT HOHBEB-7531 MO KISSING DATA CODES
LOC 1 IIDTH 4 DK 1 COL 1- 1
ICPB STUDY 17531
•1» DK 1 COL 5
YAB 0002 BBF 0002 DATA SET ID-*7531* HAHB-BSS COOBTBY CODE HD=GE 999
LOC 5 MIDTH 3 DK 1 COL 6- i
^•Btapi'
<
BOSSBTT, SIHGEB, SHALL COUHTBT CODB
THE COOHTBI COOES IB THIS STODI ABE TAKE! FBOH BBOCE BOSSEfT, J.DAVID SIHGEB AHO HELTIM SHALL. "MATIOHAL POLITICAL OBITS IB THE THEHTIETH CBHTOBT: A STAHDABDIZED LIST," TBE AHEBICAB POLITICAL SCIBHCE BBTIEH, LXII, 3 (SEPT., 1968) 935-950.
KIT: ♦ DATA OBTAIBBD FOB THESE COUHTBIBS IH
1955-57 PBBIOD OHLY (BDHHEL) * DATA OBTAINED FOB THESE COONTBIBS IN
1958-60 PEBIOD OMLT (TANTEB)
NOTE THE FOLLOBIBG CONSIDEBATIOBS IN DBTEBHIHING THE STATUS OF CEBTAIB COUHTBIBS FOB THE 1958-60 PEBIOD: A. HOBOCCO ABD TUNISIA—THET BEBE HOI IHDEPEHDENT FOB BIACTLT TWO TEABS PBIOB TO THE 1958 BASE TEAB, BUT HEBE STILL IHCLUDBD. B. IRAQ ABD JOBDAB—ALTB0U6H THET HEBGED ON FEBBUABY 14#
1958, TO FOBH THE ABAB FEDERATION, HHICH LASTED UHTIL JULY, 1958, THE THO ABE TBEATBD AS SEPABATE COUHTBIBS BECAUSE OF THE SROBT LIFE OF THE FEDEBATIOH. C. U.A.B. —BGYPT, SYBIA AND YBHEN ABB TBEATBD AS OHE COUHTBY, THE U.A.B. DATA FOB BGYPT AHD SYBIA FOB JAHDABY, 1958, AHD YEHEN FOB JANUABY TO HABCH 8, 1958, ABE HEBGED IH NITH THE U.A.B. DATA BECAUSE THEY COOBDIHATED THEIB DIPLOHATIC BBPBBSEHTATIOH IN OTHEB COUHTBIBS AND ACTED AS ONE IN THEIB FOBEIGH BELATIOHS.
HESTEBN BEHISPBEBB
002. UNITED STATES OF AHEBICA
DIHENSIORS OF COHPLICT DtHAVIOR PAGE g 2
(CO1ITIH0ED)
020. cum 040- COBi 041. BAITI 042. DOHIHIC1H BEP0BLIC 070. MEXICO 090. 6 DATE HA LA 091. HOMDOBAS 092. EL SALVADOB 093. IICABA60A 094. COSTA BICA 095. PAIANA 100. COLOMBIA 101. TBBEZUELA 130. ECOADOB 135. PBBD 140. BBAZIL 145. BOLIVIA 150. PABAGOAT 155. CHILE 160. ABGEMTIRA 165. UBOGOAT
700. AF6HAHISTAR 710. PEOPLE'S BEPUBLIC OF CHINA 712. HOH60LIAB PEOPLES BEPOBLIC 713. BEPOBLIC OF CHINA (TAINAN) 731. HOBTH KOBEA 732. SOBTH KOBEA 740. JAPAN 750. INDIA 770. PAKISTAN 775. BDBHA 780. CBYLON 790. NEPAL 800. THAILAND 811. CAHBODIA 812. LAOS« 816. NOBTH VIETNAM* 817. SOBTH VIBTHAH* 340. PHILIPPINES 850. INDONESIA
■ ■■ ■■ ■ ■ ■1'
OIIBISIOIS OF COIFLICT BBHITIOR PAGE .'H
(COITIIOED)
OCBAIIA
900. AOSTBALIA 920. BBI ZBALABD
TAB 0003 BBP 0003 DATA SBT ID-*7531« BAMB-ASSASSIBATIOBS-OS5 HD=GE 9
LOG 8 BIDTB 1 UK 1 COL 9
o BOHBBB OP ASSASSIIATIOHS-DOHESWC, 191.5
ASSASSIBAXIOB: THE POLITICALLY HOTIfATEO HORDEB OB ATTEMPTED BUBDBB OF A HIGH GOTBBHHEHTAL OFFICIAL OB POLITICIAN. AHOBG HIGH GOTEBBHEVTAL OFFICIALS ABE IM- CLOOBD THE GOfEBMOBS OF STATES OB PBOTIMCBS, THE MAYOBS OF LAB6E CITIES, HBHBBBS OF THE CABIMET ABD MEMBEBS OF THE MATIOMAL LBGISLATOBB. AHOMG HIGH POLITICIANS ABE IMCLODEi) HBHBBBS OF TBB IBBBB COBE OF THE BOLIMG PABTT OB GBOOP AMD LEADBBS OF THE OPPOSITION. AM EZAHPLE OF AM ASSASSINATION IS THE "POLITICALLY HOTITATED" HOBOBB OF TAB GOYERNOH OF EVA PEBOB PBOTIMCB, ARGENTINA, FBBBOABY 1# 1955.
GENBBAL STBIKB: ANT STEINE OP INDUSTRIAL OB SBBflCE BORKEBS WHICH IBfOLTES ROBE THAH ONE EHPLOTER AND THAT IS AIHBD AGAINST NATIONAL 60TEBNHENTAL POLICIES OB AOTHOBITT. A STBIKB IS BOT COBSIDEBED GBBEBAL ONLESS AT LEAST 1,000 WORKERS ABB IRTOLfBD. GBBEBAL STBIKBS DO NOT INCLUDE THOSE STBIKES WHOSE NATÖRE IS TO POBCB THB GOTEBBHENT OB PRITATE IHDBSTBT TO 6BABT WAGE OR WORKIBG CONCESSIONS. AN EIAHPLE OP A 6BBBBAL STBIKB IS THE STBIKB OP 14,500 APBICAN CLOTHING WORKERS IB JOHANNESBORG, UNION OP SOOTH APRICA, NOVEBBBB 19, 1957, IN PBOTBST AGAINST A LAB BEQOIBING CEBTAIN JOBS BE HELD HI WBITES.
TIB 0012 BBP 0012 DATA SET ID-» 753V HAHB-GEIBBAL STBIKES-D56 SD«6B 9
LOC 18 IIDTH 1 DK 1 COL 19
MOHBEB OP GBHEBAL STBIKBS-DOBESTIC, 1956
r
GENEBAL STBIKE: ABT STBIKE OP 1,000 OB HOHE IBDDSTBIAL OB SBBTICE VOBKEBS TBAT IHTOLTBS HÖBE THAR ONE EHPLOTEB AMD THAT IS kJtiLu AT NATIONAL GOTEBNNENTAL POLICIES OB AUTHOBITX.
VAB 0013 BBP 0013 DATA SET ID-«7531« NAHE-GBHE8AL STRIKES-D57 BD-GB 9
LOC 19 NIDTH 1 DK 1 COL 20
NOHBEB OP GENERAL STBIKES-DOBBSTIC, 1957
GENEBAL STRIKE: ANT STRIKE OP 1,000 OB BORE INDUSTRIAL OR SBRTICE HOBKEBS TBAT IBTOLTBS ROBE THAN ONE EHPLOTEB AND THAT IS AIHED AT NATIONAL GOTERNHENTAL POLICIES OR AOTHORITT.
<SEE REP. NO. 11 POR HÖRE COHPLETE DEFINITION.>
HEAN - 0.19 STANDARD DBTIATION = 0.74
70 0. 0 GENERAL STRIKES 3 1. 1 GENERAL STRIKE 2 2. 2 GENERAL STRIKES 1 3. 3 GENERAL STRIKES 1 5- 5 GENERAL STRIKES
9. NA
-
o
DIHEHSIOMS OP COHPLICT BEHAVIOR PAGE -10
YAH 0014 REP OOH» DATA SET ID-» 7531« NABE-GEHERAL STRIKES-D55-57 flD=GB 99
LOC 20 WIDTH 2 DK 1 COL 21-22
HUBBEB OP GENEBAL STRIKES-DOMESTIC, 1955-57
GEHEBAL STBIKE: AHI STRIKE OP 1#000 OB HÖBE IMDOSTRIAL OR SERVICE iORKBRS THAT INVOLVES BORE THAH ORE EBPLOTER AMD THAT IS AIMED AT MATIOHAL GOVERMHBVTAL POLICIES OR AOTHORITY.
<SEE REP. NO. 11 POR MORE COMPLETE DEFINITION.>
MEAN - 0.57 STANDARD DEVIATION ■ 1.94
GENERAL STRIKES GENERAL STRIKE GENERAL STBIKES GENEBAL STBIKES GENERAL STBIKES
GENEBAL STBIKES GENEBAL STBIKES
64 00. 0 01. 1 02. 2 03. 3 06. 6 10. 10 12. 12
o
9 99. NA
VAB 0015 BBP 0015 DATA SET ID-*7531« HAHE-GENBBAL STRIKES-D58 MD=GE 9
LOC 22 NIDTH 1 DK 1 COL 23
NUMBER OP GENERAL STRIKES-DOMESTIC, 1958
GENERAL STRIKE: ANT STRIKE OP 1,000 OR MORE INDDSTRIAL OR SERVICE WORKERS THAT INVOLVES MORE THAN ONE EMPLOYER AND THAT IS AIMED AT NATIONAL GOVERNMENTAL POLICIES OB AOTHORITY.
<SEE REP. NO. 11 POR HOHE COMPLETE DEPlNlTION.>
MEAN • 0.33 STANDARD DEVIATION = 0.88
69 0. 0 GENERAL STBIKES 8 1. 1 GENERAL STBIKE 1 2. 2 GENEBAL STBIKES 4 3. 3 GENEBAL STBIKES 1 5. 5 GENERAL STBIKES
lUUßummw*** ^———■— -
DI HESSIONS OF CONFLICT BEHiflOB PAGE -11
(COHTIMOEO)
I
(
9. MA
VAR 0016 HBF 0016 DATA SET ID-«7531» HAftE-GEMERAL STRIKES-D59 BD=GE 9
LOC 23 «IDTH 1 DK 1 COL 24
NOHBBB OF 6EIBBAL STBIKES-DOSESTIC, 1959
GENEBAL STRIKE: ART STRIKE OF 1,000 OR HÖRE IBDOSTRIAL OR SERVICE RORKERS THAT IHVOLTES HORE THAR ORB BHPLOTER AMD THAT IS AIHED AT NATIONAL GOTEBHHENTAL POLICIES OB AUTUOBITT.
s~ TAR 0017 REF 0017 DATA SET ID-«7531« I RAHE-GENERAL STRIKBS-D60 HD=GE 9
LOC 24 NIOTR 1 DK 1 COL 25
NOHBBB OF GENERAL STFIKES-DOHESTIC# 1960
GENERAL STRIKE: ANT STRIKB OF 1,000 OB HORE INDUSTRIAL OR SERVICE RORKERS THAT INVOLVES HORE THAR ORE BHPLOTER AND THAT IS AIHED AT NATIONAL GOVEBNHENTAL POLICIES OB AOTHOBITT.
: ) GEBEBAL STRIKE: ANT STBIKE OP 1,000 OB HÖBE INDOSTBIAL
OB SEBTICE HOBKBBS THAT IHVOLTES HÖBE THAN ONE EHPLOTEB AND THAT IS AIHBD AT NATIONAL GOTERNHENTAL POLICIES OB AUTHOBITT.
<S£E BEP. NO. 11 FOB HÖBE COHPLETE DEPIHITION.>
HEAN 0.70 STANDARD DBTIATION = 1.70
2 00. 0 GENERAL STRIKES 01. 1 GENBBAL STBIKE 02. 2 GENERAL STRIKES 03. 3 GENERAL STRIKES 0«. I» GENERAL STRIKES 05. 5 GENBBAL STBIKES 12. 12 GENBBAL STBIKES
99. NA
TAR 0019 NAHE-6UBKBILLA HABS-D55
LOC 27 III DTD 1
BEP 0019 HD-GE 9
DK
DATA SET ID-«7531»
1 COL 28
PBBSENCE OR ABSENCE OF GOEBBILLA NABPABE-DOHESTIC, 1955
GUERRILLA HARFABB: ABHED ACTITITT ON THE PABT OP BANDS OF CITIZENS OB IBBBGOLAB POBCES AIHBD AT THE OTEBTHBOH OF THE EXISTING GOTBRNHENT. SDCH ACTITITT HAT TAKE THE FORH OP SPORADIC ATTACKS ON POLICE POSTS, SHALL TILLAGES, GOTBRNHENT PATROLS, OR HILITART BARRACKS. A COONTRT IS ALSO CONSID- ERED TO HATE GOBRRILLA WAR BHEN SPORADIC BOBBING, SABOTAGE,
..«MM,-, ,. .i,.,;,^^
M
•
DIIBHSIOIS OP COfKLICT BBHATIOB PAGB 13 *
(COHTIBDED)
OB TBBBOBISH OCCOBS. IS DBPIHED HBBB, GDEBBILLA BABPABB HAS PBBSBBT IB CUBA DOBIMO THE TBBBB tEABS, 1955-1957, OP IBTBBBST.
HBAB • 0.06 STABDABD DSflATIOB ■ 0.25
72 0. BO OCCOBBBBCB OP GOBBBILLA IABPABB IB GIVEN IEAB.
5 1. GDEBBILLA IABFABE OCCOBBBD IN GITBB TEAB.
9 9. MA
f?AB 0020 BEP 0020 DATA SET ID-«7531« ^ MAHB-GDEBBILLA HABS-D56 HD-GE 9
LOC 28 IIDTH 1 DK 1 COL 29
PBESEMCE GB ABSEBCE OP GDEBBILLA HABPABB-DOMESTIC, 1956
GDEBBILLA iABPABS: ABT ABHED ACTIfITT, SABOTAGE, OB BOMBINGS CABBIBD ON BT INDEPENDENT BANDS OP CITIZENS OB IBBEGDLAB POBCBS ABD AIMED AT THE OTEBTHBOH OP TBE PBESEHT BEGIME.
<SEB BEP. HO. 19 POB MOBE COMPLETE 0EPINITI0H.>
MEAN « 0.08 STAHDABD DEVIATION ■ 0.27
71 0. NO OCCDBBBBCE OP GDEBBILLA HABPABB IM GIVEH TEAB.
6 1. OBEBBILLA HABPABB OCCHBBED IN GIVEH TEAB.
9 9. HA
VAB 0021 BBP 0021 DATA SET ID-*7531* HAMB-60EBBILLA HABS-D57 MD=GE 9
LOC 29 HIDTH 1 DK 1 COL 30
PBESEHCE OB ABSEBCE OP GDEBBILLA HABPABB-DOMESTIC, 1957
GDEBBILLA HABPABB: AHT ABMED ACTIVITT, SABOTAGE, OB
*
OIBBISIOHS OP COHFLICT BBHATIOB PAGE 1U
(COMTIHUBD)
BOBBIBGS CABBIBD OB BT INDBPBBDBMT BANDS OF CITIZENS OB IBBB60LAB FOBCBS AND AIMED AT TAB OVBBTBBOB OF THE PBBSBBT BB6IHB.
<SEE BBF. NO. 19 FOB HÖBE COMPLETE DEFINITIONS
MEAN - 0.08 STANDABD DEVIATION = 0.27
71 0. NO OCCUBBBNCB OF GOEBBILLA 1ABFABE IN GIVEN TEAB.
6 1. GÜEBBILLA HABFABE OCCOBBED IN GIVEN TEAB.
9. MA
o VAB 0022 BBF 0022 DATA SET ID-«7531»
NAME-GUERRILLA «ARS-D55-57 MD=GE 9 LOC 30 WIDTH 1 DK 1 COL 31
PBESBNCB OB ABSENCE OF GOEBBILLA WARFARE-DOMESTIC, 1955-57
GOEBBILLA BABFABB: ANT ABHED ACTIVITY, SABOTAGE, OB BOBBIBGS CABRIED ON BT INDEPEBDBNT BANDS OF CITIZENS OB IRRBGOLAB FOBCBS AND AIMBO AT THE OVEBTBBOR OF TBB PBBSBBT RBGIHB.
o <SEE BBF. BO. 19 FOB HÖBE COMPLBTE DEFINITION.>
0.22 STANDABD DEVIATION - 0.68
NO OCCQBBENCE OF GOERBILLA WABFABE IN 3-TEAB PEBIOD. GOEBBILLA HABFABE OCCOBBED IN 1 TEAB OF 3-TEAB PEBIOD. GOEBBILLA HABFABE OCCOBBED IN 2 TEABS OF 3-TEAE PEBIOD. GOEBBILLA HABFABE OCCOBBED IB ALL 3 TEABS OF 3-TEAB PEBIOD.
9. NA
HBAH -
68 0.
4 1-
2 2.
3 3.
■
"■
DIHEHSIOMS OP COHPLICT BEBiTIOB PÄGK: 15
TAR 0023 MAHB-GOSBRILLA BABS-DS8
LOC 31 BIDTB 1
BEP 0023 HD=GB 9
DK 1 COL 32
DATA SET ID-«7531»
( 6«
19
PBESEMCB OB ABSEMCB OP GOEBBILLA HABPABE-DOHESTIC» 1958
GOEBBILLA BABPABE: ART ABBEO ACTITITT, SABOTAGE, OB BOMBINGS CARRIED OH 9T IHDEPBHDEMT BAIDS OP CITIZEHS OB IBBEGOLAB POBCES ARD AIMED AT TBE OTERTHBOR OP THE PBESERT BEGIHE.
<SEE BEP. RO. 19 POB ROBE COHPLETE DEPIHITIOR.>
HEAR • 0.23 Si'AHDARD DETIATIOR • 0.«l2
0. MO OCCORREHCB OP GOEBBILLA VABPABE IB 6ITER TEAB.
1. GDERBILLA BABPABE OCCOBBBD IB GITER TEAR.
9. MA
TAR 0C24 MAHE-GOEBBILLA BABS-D59
LOC 32 BIDTB 1
BBP C02« HD«GB 9
DK 1 COL 33
DATA SET ID-• 71.31»
c
59
24
PBESERCE OR ABSEBCE OP GOEBBILLA BABPABE-DOBESTIC, 1959
GOERRILLA lARlARE: ANT ARMED ACTITITT« SABOTAGE, OR BOMBINGS CABBIED OR BT IRDEPERDERT BARDS OP CITIZEHS OB IBBEGOLAB POBCES ABD AIBED AT TBE OTBBTHBOB OP TBE PRESERT REGIME.
<SEE REP. HO. 19 POB MORE COMPLETE DEPINITIOB.>
BEAR = 0.29 STAHDARD DBTIATIOB - 0.46
0. RO OCCOBRBRCB OF GOEBBILLA RABPABE IH GITER TEAR.
VIB 0025 BSP 0025 DATA SET ID-«7531» lAHB-GOEBBILLA HABS-D60 flD=GE 9
LOC 33 BIDTB 1 DK 1 COL 34
PBBSBBCE OB ABSENCE OP GUEBBILLA BABFABE-DONESTIC, 1960
GOBBBILLA BABFASE: ABT ABHED ACTIVITY, SABOTAGE, OB BOMBINGS CABBIED OB BT INDEPENDENT BANDS OF CITIZENS OB IBBEGOLAB POBCES AND AIMED AT TBE OVEBTHBOH OP TBE PBESEBT BBGIBE.
<SEE BEF, NO. 19 FOB HÖBE COBPLETB DEFINITIONS
BEAN « 0.22 STANDABD DEVIATION « 0.11
65 0. HO OCCOBBENCE OF GOBBBILLA HABFABE IN GIVEN TEAB.
PBESBHCE OB ABSBHCE OF GUEBBILLA HABFABE-DOHBSTIC. 1958-60
GOBBBILLA HABFABE: AHT ABHED ACTIVITY, SABOTAGE, OB BOHBIHGS CABBIED OH BT INDEPEHDEHT BANDS OF CITIZENS OB IBBEGOLAB POBCES AND AIRED AT THE OVEBTHBOH OF THE PBBSBBT BBGIBE.
<SEE BBF. HO. 19 FOB HOHE COHPLETE DEFINITIONS
HEAB - 0.73 STAHDABD DEVIATION - 1.12
HO OCCoBBEHCE OF GUEBBILLA HABFABE IH 3-TEAB PEBIOD. GO&BBILLA HABFABE OCCOBBED IH 1 TEAB OF 3-TEAB PEBIOD. GOBBBILLA HABFABE OCCOBBED IH 2 TBABS OF 3-TEAB PEBIOD. GOBBBILLA HABFABE OCCOBBED IN ALL 3 TEABS OF 3-TEAB PEBIOD.
NAJOB GOTEBMHENT CRISIS: ABT BAPIDLT DETELOPTBG SITUATION WHICH THREATENS (BXCLQOIBG BBVOLOTIOK) TO BRING THE IB- NBDIATE DOBHFALL OF THE PRESENT 60TBBMREBT. SOCH SITUATIONS ABE USUALLY EVIDENCED BT THE DECLABATION OF HILITABY LAN, STATE OF SIEGE, OB THE SOSPEHSIOR OB ABBOGATIOH OF THE CON- STITUTION. EITHER A fOTE OF MO COBFIOBNCB BT A PABLIANBM- TABf HAJORITT, OB THE FOBCEO RESIGNATION OB IHPEACHHBMT OF TOP OFFICIALS IS ALSO COMSIDBBBD A NAJOB GOfEBNBENT CBISIS. A NEB HAJOB GOVBBNHBNT CBISIS IS MOT COUNTED UNLESS AT LEAST TBBBB HONTRS OF STABILITY HATE IBTEBTENED SINCE THE PBETIOBS CBISIS. A BAJOB 60TEBNREBT CRISIS IS BIEBPLIFIED BT THE SITUATION LEADING OP TO THE ABDICATION OF THE KING OF CARBODIA, RANCH 2, 1955, IB PROTEST AGAIBST NATIONALIST "POLITICIANS" NHO «EP... TBTIHG TO ALTBB HIS POLICIES.
RAJOB GOTEBBRBRT CBISIS: ART RAPIDLT DBTBLOPIRG SITUATION THAT THBBATBBS TO BBI'.G THE DOHNFALL OF THE PRESENT REGIHE—EICLODIHG SITUATIONS OF BETOLT AIRED AT SUCB
?AB 0029 BEF 0029 DATA SET ID-WSSI« HAHE-HAJOB GOTT CRISIS-D57 HD-GE 9
LOC 37 WIDTH 1 DK 1 COL 38
HOBBEB OF MAJOR GOTEBNHENT CRISES-DOHtSTIC, 195/
1
HAJOB GOTEBNHENT CRISIS: ANT BAPIDLT DETELOPIHG SITUATION THAT THBEATBNS TO BBING THE DOHHFALL OF THE PRESENT BEGIHE—BXCLODING SITUATIONS OF BETOLT AIHED AT SOCH AN OTEBTHBOH.
TAB 0030 BEF 0030 DATA SET ID-'7531» HAHE-HAJOB GOTT CBISIS-D55-57 HD=GE 9
LOC 38 1IOTH 1 DK 1 COL 39
NOHBBB OF HAJOB GOTEBHHENT CBISES-DOHESTIC, 1955-57
HAJOB GOTEBNHEHT CBISIS: ANT BAPIDLI DETELOPIHG SITUATION THAT THBBATEHS TO BBING THE DOHHFALL OF THE PRESENT BEGIHE—EXCLUDIHG SITUATIONS OF BETOLT AIHED AT SUCH AH OTEBTHBOH.
DIMENSIONS OP CONFLICT BEHAVIOR
(CONTINUED)
PAGE -19
<SEE BBP. NO. 27 FOR HÖBE COBPLSTB DEFINITIONS
HBAH ■ 0.45 STAND1BD DBTIATION = 0.9U
BAJOB GOVBBHHBNT CRISES MAJOR GOTEBFHENT CRISIS MAJOR GOVEBNBENT CBISES MAJOR GOTBRNNENT CBISES lAJOR GO?ZBNHENT CBISES
58 0. 9 1. 1 6 2. 2 2 3. 3 2 4. U
9. NA
( IKE 0031 BEF 0031 NAME-MAJOR GOVT CBISIS-D58 HD=GE 9
LOC 39 WIDTH 1 DK 1 COL 40
DATA SFT ID-•7531,
56 20 6 1
SOMBER OF MAJOR GOVERNMENT CRISES-DOHESTIC, 1958
MAJOR GOVERNMENT CRISIS: ANT BAPIDLT DEVELOPING SITUATION THAT THREATENS TO BBING THE OOHUPALL OP THE PBBSBNT f»EGIHE—EXCLODIRG SITUATIONS OP REVOLT AIHED AT SUCH AN OVERTHROW.
<SBB BBP. NO. 27 FOB KOBE COMPLETE DEFINITIONS
HBAH - 0.42 STANDARD DEVIATION ■ 0.68
0. 0 HAJOB GOVERNMENT CBISES 1. 1 BAJOB GOVERNMENT CRISIS 2. 2 HAJOB GOVERNMENT CBISES 3. 3 HAJOB GOVERNMENT CRISES
9. NÄ
VAB 0032 NAHB-HAJOB GOVT CBISIS-D59
LOC 40 BIDTH 1
BBF 0032 HD-GB 9
DK 1 COL 41
DATA SET ID-^SSI«
NOMBEP OP HAJOB GOVERNMENT CRISES-DOHESTIC, 1959
HAJOB GOVERNMENT CRISIS: ANT BAPIDLT DEVELOPING SITUATION
--■ —•■
DIHBNSIOHS OF COHPLICT BEHAVIOB PAGE 20
(COMTIHUBD)
THAT THBBATBHS TO BRING THE DOINFALL OF THE PBESEMT BEGIME—EXCLODIMG SITOATIOMS OF BEVOLT AIRED AT SOCH AM OTEBTHBOH.
TAB 0033 BEF 0033 DATA SET ID-1?«^!« MAHE-HAJOB 60VT CBISIS-D60 HD=GE 9
LOC 41 WIDTH 1 DK 1 COL 42
MOHBEB OF HAJOB GOTEBMREMT CBISES-DOHESTIC, 1960
I
I
HAJOB GOYiaMHEMT CBISIS: AMT BAPIDLT DEVELOPING SITUATION THAT THBEATEMS TO BBIMG TIE DOHMFALL OF THE PBESEMT BEGIHE—EICLODIMG SITOATIOMS OF BEVOLT AIMED AT SUCH AM OTEBTHBOH.
TAB 0034 BEF 0034 DATA SET ID-,7531» MAHE-HAJOB GOTT CBISIS-D58-60 PD-GE 9
LOC 42 WIDTH 1 DK 1 COL 43
MOHBEB OF HAJOB GOTEBMHEMT CRISES-DOMESTIC, 1958-60
'
I OIHEHSIOIS OP CONFLICT 3EHA?IOB PAGF -21
(COMTINUBD)
MAJOR GOVBRMHEMT CBISI5: AIT RAPIDLY DEVELOPING SITUATION THAT THREATENS TO PRIIG THE DOHNFALL OF TnE PRESENT REGIHE—EXCLODIHG SITUATIONS OF REVOLT AIRED AT SUCH AN OVBRTHROR.
PURGE: TKB STSTEHATIC ELIMINATION BT THE POLITICAL ELITE EITHER OF OPPOSITION MITHIN THEIR RANKS OR OF OPPOSITION WITHIN THB COOHTRT BI JAILIFG OR EXECUTION. «BLlBl^ixON OF OPPOSITION1* REFERS TO THE ARREST, JAILING, EXILING, OR EXECUTION OF THE OPPOSITION LEADERS. THE ARREST OR EX- ECUTION OF NON-LEADER HBHBERS OF OPPOSITION GROUPS DOES NOT CONSTITUTE A PURGE. IF THE ELIMINATION OF OPPOSITION CONTINUES OVER A PERIOD OF TIHE WITHOUT A RELAXATION OF BORE THAN THREE HO'TBS, THEN IT IS ONE PURGE. AN "ELIHINATION OF OPPOSITION" INCIDENT UPON THE TAKE-OVER OF THE GOVERNHENT BT A NEB POLITICAL ELITE, REGARDLESS OF RHETHEB A PURGE HAD BEÜN CARRIED OH BT THE OLD ELITE UP TO THE TAKE-OVER, IS TO BE CONSIDERED A NEk PURGE ONLT IF THE OPPOSITION PURGED INCLUDES ELITE POLITICALLY AID/OB IDEOLOGICALLY ASSOCIATED WITH THE PREVIOUS RE6IHE—IF THB BLUE TAKING OVER CONTINUES TO ELIMINATE THE SAHB LEADERS RITHOUT ADDING A NBR CATEGORY OF OPPOSITION (E.G., CATHOLIC LEADERS HHO HEBE UNTOUCHED DURING PREVIOUS RBGIHE) THEN IT IS NOT A NEB PURGE AS HERE DEFINED. "ARREST" IS CONSIDERED STNONYHOUS WITH "JAILING" AND CARRIES 10 IDEA OF TIHE DETAINBD-THE FACT OF ABREST
I
■ - .
DIHEISIONS OP CONFLICT BEHAVIOB PAGE 22 *
(COHTINOED}
PER SB IS SUFFICIENT TO IMDICiTB A PURGE. ill EXAMPLE OF } PURGE IS TRE ARREST BY JORDANIAN POLICE OF ROBE THAN FIFTY "LEFTIST" LEADERS, CIYIL EMPLOYEES, GOVERMHENT HEHBERS, AND AHHT OFFICERS THOUGHT TO BE HOSTILE TO THE REGIME, APRIL - MAY, 1957.
MEAN « 0.23 STANDARD DEVIATION « 0.54
62 0. 0 PURGES 13 1. 1 PURGE
1 2. 2 PURGES 1 3. 3 PURGES
9 9. NA
VAR 0036 REF 0036 DATA SET ID-,7531' NAME-PURGES-D56 MD=GE 9
LOC «4 BIDTH 1 DK 1 COL 45
NUMBER OF PURGES-DOMESTIC, 1956
( )
PURGE: I NY SYSTEMATIC ELIMINATION BY JAILING OR EXECUTION OF POLITICAL OPPOSITION WITHIN THE RANKS OF THE REGIME OR THE OPPOSITION.
<SCE BEF. NO. 35 FOR MORE COMPLETE DEFINITIONS
MEAN ■ 0.08 STANDARD DEVIATION « 0.27
71 0. 0 PURGES 6 1. 1 PURGE
9 9. NA
VAH 0037 REF 0037 oATA SET ID-«7531« NAME-PUBGES-D57 HD=GE 9
LOC 45 BIDTH 1 DK 1 COL 46
NUMBER OF PURGES-DOMESTIC, 1957
PURGE: ANY SYSTEMATIC ELIMIRATIJN BY JAILING OR EXECUTION OF POLITICAL OPPOSITION WITHIN THE RANKS OF THE
DIH2JISIÜNS OP CONFLICT BBH&YIOB P&GE 23
(CONTIMOBD)
BBGIHB OB TBB OPPOSITION.
<SEE BBF. NO. 35 FOB HOriE COBPLBTB DEFINITIONS
HE&N « 0.09 STANDARD DEVIATION ■ 0.33
71 0. 0 POBGBS 5 1. 1 PURGE 1 2. 2 POBGBS
9. HA
> TIB 0038 BBF 0038 DATA SET ID-•7531• ( NABB-P0BGBS-D55-57 HD»GE 9
LOC 46 NxOTB 1 DK 1 COL 47
B0H3BB OF POBGBS-DOBESTIC, 1955-57
POBGE: ANI STSTEBATIC ELIMINATION BY JAILING OB EXECUTION OF POLITICAL OPPOSITION WITHIN THE BANKS OF THE BEGIHE OB TBB OPPOSITION.
BIOT: AHT ?IOLBHT DEHOHSTRATIOH OR CLASH OP A LARGE GBOOP OP CITIZBHS. THE TEBH "?IOLBHCEM REPERS TO THE OSE OP PHYSICAL PORCE# AND "LABGE" HBAHS AT LEAST ONE HUHDEED PEOPLE IHYOLTBD. THE EXISTENCE OP A RIOT IS GENERALLY
DIHEISIOHS OF CONFLICT BEHAVIOR PAGS 26
(CONTINUED)
B7IDKNCED BT THE DBSTBOCTIOM OF PROPEBTT, PEOPLE BEING BOUNDED OB KILLED, OR BT THE USE OF THE POLICE OF BIOT CONTBOL EQOIPaENT SUCH AS CLUBS, GUNS, OB BATES CANNONS. ABRESTS PER SB DO NOT INDICATE A RIOT. RIOTS OF A DISTINCT ABTI-FOBEIGN NATUBE ABE CATEGOBIZED AS ANTI-FOREIGN DEMONSTRATIONS. A RIOT AS HERE DEFINED OCCURRED IN TÜRKEI, OCTOBER 2«, 1957, «HEN FITE HUNDRED UNIVERSITY STUDENTS CLASHED WITH POLICE AFTER A HALLT IN SUPPORT OF EX-PRESIDENT INONU.
DIHBISIOMS OP CONFLICT BEHiflOB PAGE 3 , I 7IB 0051
NiHB-ANTI-GOfT DHKSTPN-D55 LOC 66 WIDTH 1
BB7 0051 I1D=GE 9
DK
DATA SET ID-'TSSI«
1 COL 67
MOBBEB OP AHTI-GOVEBMHEMT DEMONSTRATIONS-DOMESTIC, 1955
r
ÄNTI-G07EfiHMENT DEMONSTRATION: AkT ONOBGAMIZED PEACEFUL, POBLIC GATHERING OF AT LEAST ORB HOMDBED PEOPLE FOB THE PBIHABT POBPOSE OF DISPLAYING OB VOICING THEIB OPPOSITION TO GOVEHNMEHTAL POLICIES OB AUTHORITY. THIS DOES NOT INCLUDE POLITICAL PABTT BALLIES OB GENEBU STRIKES. STODBNT STBIKES AIMED AT THE GOTEBNSENT ABE CONSIDERED ANTI-GOVERNMENT DEHONSTBATIONS. A DEMONSTRATION WHICH INVOLVES THE OSL OF FORCE IS CATEGOBIZED AS A BIOT. AN ILLUSTRATION OF DEMONSTRATION IS THE GATHERING OF 100,000 BELGIANS TO PROTEST AGAINST A PROPOSED COT IN GOVERNMENTAL SUBSIDIES TO BOHAN CATHOLIC SCHOOLS, BELGIUM, HABCH 26, 1955.
NOHBEB OF ANTI-GOVERNMENT DEMONSTRATIONS-DOMESTIC, 1956
ANTI-GOVERNMENT DEMONSTRATION: ANT PEACEFOL POBLIC GATHBBING OP AT LEAST 100 PEOPLE FOB THE PBIHABT POBPOSE OF DISPLATING OB VOICING THEIB OPPOSITION TO GOVERNMENT POLICIES OR AOTHOBITY, EXCLODING THOSE DEHONSTBATIONS OF A DISTINCTLT ANTI-FOREIGN NATURE.
HOBBBB OF ANTI-GOVERNMENT DEMONSTRATIONS-DOMESTIC, 1957
ANTI-60VE8NHEBT DEMONSTRATION: ANY PFACBFDL P0BLIC GATHERING OF AT LEAST 100 PEOPLE FOR THE PRIMARY PURPOSE OF DISPLAYING OB VOICING TBEIB OPPOSITION TO GOVERNMENT POLICIES OB AOTBOBITT, EICLDDING THOSE DEMONSTRATIONS; OF A DISTINCTLY AHTI-PORFIGH NATUBB.
TAP 0054 BEF 0054 NAHB-AHTI-60TT DHHSTBH-D55-57 HD=GE 99
LOC 70 HIDTH 2 DK 1 COL 71-72
DATA SET ID-•7531•
RUHBEB OF AHTI-GOTEBNHBNT DEMONSTRATIONS-DOMESTIC, 1955-57
DIHEMSIOIS OP COHPLICT BBHATIOB P&GE 33
(COMTINOED)
ANTI-GOVBBVHBHT DEHOHSTRATIOH: ANT PEACEFUL PUBLIC GATHBBIHG OP AT LEAST 100 PEOPLE FOB THE PRIMARY PUBPOSE OP DISPLAIII6 OB TOICIMG THEIR OPPOSITION TO GOVBBMHBNT POLICIES OB AUTHORITY, EXCLUDING THOSE DEMONSTRATIONS OP A DISTINCTLY ANTI-POHEIGH NATURE.
7 AHTI- 8 ABTI- 9 AHTI- 11 ANTI 12 ANTI 15 ANTI 20 ANTI
GOTEBNHENT GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT OOVBKNMENT GOVERNMENT GOVEBNRFUT 60VEBNMENT GOVERNMENT -GOVERNMENT -GOVERNMENT -GOVERNMENT -GOVERNMENT
NUMBER OF ANTI-GOVERNMENT DEMONSTRATIONS-DOMESTIC, 1958
ANTI-GOVERNMENT DEMONSTRATION: ANY PEACEFUL PUBLIC GATHERING OP AT LEAST 100 PEOPLE FOR THE PRIMART PUBPOSE OF DISPLAYING OB VOICING THEIR OPPOSITION TO GOVERNMENT POLICIES OR AUTHORITY, EXCLUDING THOSE DEMONSTRATIONS OF A DISTINCTLY ANTI-FOREIGN NATURE.
NÖHBBB OF AHTI-GOVBBNHEN'T DEHONSTBATIONS-DOHESTIC, 1959
ANTI-GOVERNMENT DEMONSTRATION: ANT PEACEFUL PUBLIC GATHEBING OF AT LEAST 100 PEOPLE FOR THE PBIHABT PURPOSE OF DISPLAYING OB VOICING THEIB OPPOSITION TO GOVEBNHENT POLICIES OB AUTHOBITY, EXCLUDING THOSE DEHONSTBATIONS OF A DISTINCTLY ANTI-FOREIGN NATURE.
NUHBEB OF ANTI-GOVERNHENT DEMONSTRATIONS-DOMESTIC, 1960
ANTI-GOVEBHHBNT DEHONSTBATION: ANT PEACEFUL PUBLIC GATHEBING OF AT LEAST 100 PEOPLE FOB THE PRIMARY PURPOSE OF DISPLAYING OB VOICING THEIB OPPOSITION TO GOVERNHENT POLICIES OB AUTHORITY, EXCLUDING THOSE DEHONSTBATIONS OF A DISTINCTLT ANTI-FOREIGN NATUBF.
VAR 0058 BBF 0058 NAHB-ANTI-GOVT DHNSTBN-D58-60 HD=GB 99
LOC 77 MIDTH 2 DK 1 COL 78-79
DATA SET ID-«7531«
NtJHBBR OF ANTI GOVBRNHENT DEHOHSIRAIIONS-DOHESTIC, 1958-60
(
«9 12 S
ANTI-GOVEBMHENT DEH0NSTHAT1OM: AMT PBACEFOL PÖBLIC GATHERING OF AT LEAST 100 PEOPLE FOB THE PRIHART PORPOSE OF DISPLATIH6 OS VOICING THEIR OPPOSITION TO GOVBRNHENT POLICIES OH AOTBORITT, EICL0DIH6 THOSE DBHOHSTRATIONS OF A DISTIHCTLY AHTI-FOBEIGH HATOHB.
TAB 0001 BBP 0001 DATA SBT ID-•7531• BABB-STOOI NOMBEB-7531 HO MISSING DATA CODES
LOC 1 BIDTB U DK 2 COL 1- 4
ICPB S70DY §7531
o •2« DK 2 COL 5 . * •
TAB 0002 BBP 0002 DATA SET ID**7531* MAHS-RSS COOHTBT CODE HD=GE 999
LOC 5 BIDTB 3 DK 2 COL 6- 8
B0SSBTTV SIB6EB, SBALL COOHTBT CODE
(1
<TBIS IDEHTIPICATIOH TABIABLB IS BEPEATED POB EACH DECK WHEN DATA ABE BOT IM OSIBIS POBHAT. ?EE BEP. HO. 2 OP DECK 1 POB A COHPLETE LISTIMG OP THE COOHTBT CODE.>
AB 0059 BBP 0059 DATA SET ID-*7531' HABB-BETOLOTIOHS'055 MD=GE 9
LOC 79 WIDTH 1 DK 2 COL 9
HOBBBB OP BETOLOTIOHS-DGMESTIC, 1955
BETOLOIIOH: AHT ABHED SÖCCESSPOL OB UHSOCCESSPOL ATTEMPT OH THE PABT OF A GBOOP OP CITIZEHBT TO POBH AH IHDEPEHDEHf GOTEBBHBHT (HOT IHCLUDIHG COLOHIAL BEBELLIOHS), OB AHT ILLEGAL OB FOBCBO CHANGE IH THE TOP GOTEBHHEHTAL ELITES OB AHT ATTBBPT AT SOCH A CBAHGE. THIS BAT BE IH THE HATOBE OP A COOP 0* ETAT, OB AB ATTEMPTED TAKE OTEB OH A GRAND SCALE, IHTOLflHG PITCHED BATTLES BETHEEH OPPOSIHG POBCES. RHEH IB ATTEGPT TO OTEBTHBOH THE GOTEBHHEHT, HOHETEB, IH- TOLTES OMLT SCATTEBED ARD IBBE60LAB POBCES WHO ATTACK PBOH HIDI1G, IT IS CATEGOBIZBD AS GUEBBILLA HAB. A REVOLUTION OCCOBBBO IH BCOADOB, AÖGUST 1-8; 1956, HHEH A THO-HOHDBED I
"-^H • *Wt " " •——■■-
DIHBUSIONS OP COSFLICT BBHATIOB PAGE 37
(COITIHOBD)
NAH ABHT, LED DT A LT. COLCKEL AID A SEMATOB ITTEBPTED TO OTBBTHBOH THE GOfEBVHEBT.
BETOLOTIOB: ABT ILLEGAL OB POBCED CHANGE II THE TOP GOTEBIHEIT ELITE, AIT ATTEMPT AT SOCH A CHAI6E, OB AIT SOCCBSSPOL OB UHSÖCCESSPUL ABBED BEBELLIOB «HOSE AIM IS IHOEPEBDBBCE PBOH THE CEBTBAL GOYEBI1EIT.
BETOLOTIOB: AIT ILLEGAL OB POBCED CHAIGE IN THE TOP GOTEBIBBIT ELITE, AH ATTEMPT AT SOCH A CHAIGE, OB AIT SOCCBSSPOL OB OBSOCCESSPOL ABBED BEBELLIOB IHOSE AIM IS
TAB 0062 BBF 0062 DATA SET ID-»7531« BABE-BEVOI.0TIOBS-DS5-57 HD=GE 9
V_/ LOC 82 IIDTB 1 DK 2 COL 12
HOHBEK OF BETO%OT.TONS-DOHEST1C, 1955-57
BETOLOTIOM: ART ILLBGAL OB FOBCED CHARGE IH THE TOP GOTEBRHEHT ELITE, ART ATTEBPT AT SOCH A CHARGE, OB ART SÖCCESSPDL OB ORSOCCESSFUL AHMED BEBELLJOR HHOSE AIM IS IRDBPEBDEBCE FBOB THE CEHTBAL GOfBBWHEBT.
TAB 0063 BBF 0063 DATA SET ID-*7531* RABB-BETOL0TIOHS-O53 HD=GE 9
LOC 83 1IDTH 1 DK 2 COL 13
ROHBBB OF BETOLOTIOMS-DOBESTIC, 1958
BETOLOTIOM: ART ILLEGAL OB FOBCED CHiBGB IB THE TOP
I
_, ,T _ —^mmmammmmm*'- l mwmwnm'm
DiflBMIIOU OP CONFLICT BEHiVIOB PIGB 39
(CONTII0E0)
r
65 9 6 2 1
60TBBVNBIT ELITE, ART ATTEHPT IT SOCH A CHANGE, OB ART SUCCESSFUL OB UHSUCCBSSFUL ABBBD BEBBLLIOH IHOSB AIR IS IRDBFMDBRCB PBOB THE CBHTBAL GOfBRRHBRT.
RETOLOTIOR: ART ILLEGAL OR FORCED CHARGE IR THF TOP GOTBRRRERT E7ITB, ART ATTBHPT AT SOCH A CHARGE, OB ART SOCCESSFOL OR ORSOCCBSSFOL ABHBD REBELLION 8HOSE AIR IS IRDBPBRDEHCE FROH THE CBRTRAL GOTBRRRERT.
SBTOLOTIOH: ÄIT ILLBGAL OB FORCED CHAMGE IN THE TOP GOTBBiBBIT ELITE, IMT ATTEMPT IT SUCH A CHAIGB, OB AIT SBCCBSSPBL OB OBSOCCBSSPOL ABBBO REBELLION BHOSE AIM IS IBDEPBBOBBCB FBOB TBB CBRTBAL GOfEHMHEMT,
<SEE BBF. BO. 59 FOB BOBE COMPLETE DEFINITIONS
MEAB ■ 0.28 STANDABU DEVIATION ■ 0.70
I
o
68 0. 0 BEVOLOTIONS 10 1. 1 BEVOLOTION 3 2. 2 BEVOLOTIONS 1 3. 3 BEVOLOTIONS 1 U. a BEVOLOTIONS
9. NA
VAB 0066 BABB-BBVOL0TIOBS-D58-60
LOG 86 NIOTB 1
BEF 0066 BD'GE 9
DK
DATA SET ID-»7531»
2 COL 16
NOBBBB OF BEVOLOTIOrS-DOHESTIC, 1958-60
( )
BEVOLDTIOB: ABT ILLEGAL OB FOBCED CHANGE IN THE TOP GOVERNMENT ELITE, ANT ATTEMPT AT SUCH A CHANGE, OB ANT SOCCBSSFOL OB ONSOCCESSFDL ARMED BEBELLION BHOSE AIM IS INDEPENDENCE FBOB THE CENTBAL GOVERNMENT.
DOHESTIC KILLED: THIS IS A SOHHATIOH OP THE HOHBER KILLED AS A DIRECT CONSEQUENCE OP ART DOHESTIC IHTER-GROOP VIOLENCE IN THE NATOBE OP BIOTS, STRIKES, HBVOLOTIONS, GUERRILLA RAR, BAHDITRT ARD TRIBAL HARPARE. THIS DOES ROT IRCTODB HDBDEBS, EXECÜTIOHS AMD SOICIDES. THE HOHBER OP KILLED POR INDONESIA IN 1955, POR EXAMPLE, IS 4,176 ARD IS IBB RESOLT OP 60BRRILLA RAR ARD RETOLOTIOR.
HEAR ■ 117.84 STANDA8D DEVIATION ■ 677.22
0000. 0 KILLED IN DOBESTIC VIOLENCE 0002. 2 KILLBD IR DOHESTIC VIOLERCE 0010. 10 KILLBD IN DOHESTIC VIOLERCE 0020. 20 KILLBD IR DOHESTIC VIOLENCE 0028. 28 KILLED IB DOHBSTIC VIOLENCE 0122. 122 KILLED IB DOHESTIC VIOLENCE 0399. 399 KILLED IN DOHBSTIC VIOLENCE 4176. 4176 KILLBD IR DOHBSTIC VIOLERCE 4279. 4279 KILLED IR DOHBSTIC VIOLBRCE
9999. HA
c CVAR 0068 NAHE-» KILLED-D56
LOC 91 ilDTH 5
BBP 0068 HD*GE 99999
DK 2 COL 21-25
DATA SET ID-«7531»
NOHBEB KILLED IN DOHESTIC VIOLENCE-DOHESTIC, 1956
DOHESTIC KILLED: ART DEATHS RESOLTIHG DIRECTLY PROH VIOLERCB OP AR IHTBRGROOP NATURE, THUS EXCLUDIRG DEATHS BY BDBDEB AND EXECUTION.
<SEB BBP. HO. 67 POR BORE COHPLBTE DEPIHITI0R.>
HEAR - 229.49 STARDARO DEVIATION - 1540.63
0 KILLED IN DOHBSTIC VIOLERCB 1 KILLBD IN DOHBSTIC VIOLERCB 3 KILLED IR DOBESTIC VIOLERCB
0 KILLED IM DOHESTIC VIOLENCE 1 KILLED IN DOHESTIC VIOLENCE KILLED IM DOHÄJTIC VIOLENCE KILLED IM DOHErJIC VIOLENCE KILLED IN DOHESTIC VIOLENCE
8 KILLED IN DOHESTIC VIOLENCE 21 KILLED IN DOMESTIC VIOLENCE 29 KILLED IN DOHESTIC VIOLENCE 41 KILLED IM DOHESTIC VIOLENCE 43 KILLED IM DOHESTIC VIOLENCE 60 KILLED IN DOHESTIC VIOLENCE 61 KILLED IN DOMESTIC VIOLENCE 64 KILLED IN DOMESTIC VIOLENCE 143 KILLED IN DOHESTIC VIOLENCE 177 KILLED IN DOHESTIC VxOLEMCE 178 KILLED IN DOHESTIC VIOLENCE 211 KILLED IN DOHESTIC VIOLENCE 300 KILLED IM DOHESTIC VIOLENCE 645 KILLED IN DOMESTIC VIOLENCE 1012 KILLED IN DOHESTIC VIOLENCE 2306 KILLED IN DOHESTIC VIOLENCE 4562 KILLED IN DOHESTIC VIOLENCE 13374 KILLED IN DOHESTIC VIOLENCE
2 4 5
99999. NA
NOTE: WHEN A BANGE RAS GIVEN IN THE DATA SOURCE,
DIMENSIONS OP CORPLICT BEHAVIOR PAGE 46
(COMTiaOEO)
BATHEB THAW AM EXACT PI60BE-E.G., 30~4C DEAD, THE HIOPOIHT OP THE BAHGE (BOQHDEO OP) HAS OSEO.
WHEN THE IOHBEB OP DEATHS HAS GIVEN, I1J THE DATA SOURCE, POB A PEBIOD OP TIHE HHICH SPANMFL TWO YEABS-E.G., 90 DEATHS PBOH SEPTEHBEB, 1958, THBOOGH FEBEOARY, 1959, THE HOBBEB GIVbM HAS DIVIDED BETHEEN THE TWO YEARS PBOPOBTIOHALLT.
VAB 0073 NAHE-# KILLED- D60
LOC 113 HIOTH 4
BEP 0073 HD-GE 9999
DK 2 COL 43-46
DATA SET ID-«7531«
o HOBBEB KILLED IK DOHESTIC VIOLENCE-DOMESTIC, 1960
46 6 2
o
DOHESTIC KILLED: ANT DEATHS RESULTING DIBECTLT PBOH VIOLEHCE OP AR IRTBRGROOP NATURE, THUS EXCLODING DEATHS BY HURDER AHD EXECUTION-
60 KILLED IN DOHESIIC TIOLBHCE 66 KILLED IB DOHBSTIC TIOLEBCB 143 KILLED IN DOHESIIC VIOLBMCE 143 KILLED IB DOHBSTIC VIOLBJCE 144 KILLED IN DOHBSTIC TIOLBW^E 183 KILLED IN DOHBSTIC VIOLENCE 193 KILLED IN DOHBSTIC TIOLBHCE 199 KILLED IN DOHBSTIC VIOLENCE 203 KILLED IN DOHBSTIC VIOLBNCB 214 KILLED IN DOHLSTIC VIOLBNCB 261 KILilED IN DOHBSTIC VIOLENCE 2)3 KILLED IN DOHBSTIC VIOLBBCE 353 KILLEO £N DOHBSTIC VIOLENCE 475 KILLED IN DOHBSTIC VIOLBNCB 845 KILLED IN DOHBSTIC VIOLBNCB 934 KILLED IN DOHBSTIC VIOLBNCB 1492 KILLED IN DOHBSTIC VIOLENCE 1545 KILLED IN DOHBSTIC VIOLENCE 2225 KILLED IN DOHBSTIC VIOLENCE 2401 KILLED IN OOBBSTIC VIOLENCE 4562 KILLED IN DOHBSTIC VIOLBNCB 4873 KILLED IN DOHBSTIC VIOLBNCB 13641 KILLED IN DOHBSTIC VIOLBNCB
PAGE 48
99999. NA
NOTE: WHEN A BANG? HAS GIVEN IN THB DATA SODBCE,
BATBBB THAN AN BZACT PIGURE~B.G., 30-40 DEAD, THB HIDPOIHT OP THE BAHGF (BOOHDBD OP) IAS OSBD.
HHBB THE NOHBEB OP DEATHS IAS GIVEN, IN THE DATA SOUHCB, POB A PBHIOD OP TIHE NHICH SPABNED TWO TEARS-E.G. , 90 DEATHS PBOH SEPTBHBEB, 1958, THBOUGH PBBBOABT, 1959, THE BOBBER GIVEN IAS DIVIDED BBTIBEN THE TBC TEABS PBOPORTIOIALLT.
VAB 0075 BABE-ABTI-PBH DHNSTBN-P55
LOC 122 WIDTH 2
RBF 0075 HD«GE 'J9
DA 2 COL 52-53
DATA SET ID-«7531»
BOHBBB OP ANTI-POREIGN DEHONSTBATIONS-POBEIGN, 1955
AHTI-POBEIGN DEHOHSTBATION: ANT DEHONSTBATION OB BIOT BT HOIB THAN 100 PBOPLE DIRECTED AT A PABTICOLAB POBBIGN COONTBT (OB GBODP OP COONTBIBS) OB ITS POLICIES. THIS
H
DIHEHSIOHS OP CONFLICT BBHATIOB PAGE 47 1 (CONTIBOED)
1207. 1207 KILLED IN DOHESTIC VIOLENCE 2225. 2225 KILLED IN DOHESTIC VIOLENCE
9999. Hi
NOTE: iHEH A RANGE HAS GIVEH IN THE DATA SOOBCE,
BATHES THAH AN EXACT FIGÜBE-E.6., 30-40 DEAD, THE HIDPOINT OP THE BANGE (BOUNDED OP) HAS USED.
WHEN THE HDHBEB OP DEATHS HAS GIVEH, IH THE DATA SOOBCE« POB A PEBIOD OP TIHE HHICH SPAHHED THO TEABS-E.G.# 90 DEATHS PBOH SEPTEMBER, 1958, THBOOGH PEBBOABI, 1959, THE HDHBEB GIVEH HAS DIVIDED BETWEEN THE THO YEABS PBOPOBTIOHALLT. I
VAB 0074 NAHE-» KILLED-D58-'>0
LOC 117 HIDTH 5
HEP 0074 HD-GE 99999
DK 2 COL 47-51
DATA SET ID-»7531»
HOHBBB KILLED IH DOHESTIC VIOLBHCE-DOHESTIC, !9e?-6 0
( )
35 6 2 2 1 2
DOHESTIC KILLED: ANT DEATHS BESOLTIHG DIBECTLT PBOH VIOLBHCE OP AH IHTEBGBOOP HATUBB, THOS EXCLUDIHG DEATHS BT HOBDEB AHO EXECOTION.
<SEE HEP. HO. 67 POB HÖBE COHPLETE DEFINITIONS
HEAR = 428.93 STAHDABD DEVIATION - 1685.80
00000. 0 KILLED IH DOHESTIC VIOLENCE 00001. 1 KILLED IH DOHESTIC VIOLEHCE 00002. 2 KILLED IH DOHESTIC VIOLEHCE 00003. 3 KILLED IH DOHESTIC VIOLEHCE 00004. 4 KILLED IH DOMESTIC VIOLENCE 00005. 5 KILLED IN DOHESTIC VIOLEHCE 00007. 7 KILLED IN DOHESTIC VIOLEHCE 00008. 3 KILLED IN DOHESTIC VIOLEHCE 00010. 10 KILLED IH DOHESTIC VIOLPHCE 00012. 12 KILLED IH DOHESTIC VIOLEHCE 00015. 15 KILLED IH DOHESTIC VIOLEHCE 00021. 21 KILLED IH DOHESTIC VIOLEHCE 00039. 39 KILLED IH DOHESTIC VIOLENCE 00041. 41 KILLED IH DOHESTIC VIOLEHCE 00042. 42 KILLED IH DOHESTIC VIOLEHCE 00050. 50 KILLED IH DOHESTIC VIOLEHCE
■' ■
DIRBISIOHS OP COMPLICT BBHAflOB
(COB7III0BD)
PAGB 49
r
IIICLODBS ATTiCKIBG AH EHBASST# LBGATIOH OB IMPOBBATIOM OPPICB OP ANOTBBB COÖNTRY, OB ATTACKING POB POLITICAL 8BASOIS BITBBB FOBBIGH HATIORALS OB TBE STBEBT OB TREIB PBOPBBTT (E.G., PLABTATIOBS) . TBIS ALSO 1BCL0OES TBE GATHBBIRG OP BOBB THAN OMÜ HUNDBED PEOPLE TO HEAB SPEECHES ABO TO BABCB IB PBOTBST A6AIBST THE POLICY OP ABOTBEB COOBTBT. DBBOBSTBATIOH.'i AND BIOTS AGAIBST THE POBEI6B OCCUPiTHG AOTHOBITT IN THE OCCUPIED PABT OP A COUBTBT ABE COBSIDEBEO ANTI-POHEIG» DEHOBSTBATIOBS. ALSO INCLUDED IB THIS CATEGOBT ABB STBIXBS AGAIBST THB GOODS OP ABOTBEB SATIOB« BITBBB BT DOCK NOBKEBS OB CONSOHESS, ABD ATTACKS ON BOBDBB POSTS BT DPOPPICIAL IBBBGOLAB GBOOPS (E.G., THE IBISH BEPOBLICAB AÜHY). AN IBSTABCS OP A DBHOBSTBATIOB IS TBE 6ATBBBIBG UP 2,000 BABSAH STUDENTS TO POBLICLT PBOTBST AGAIBST IBB OSSB ABD TO ACCUSE HEB OP TBE BOBLD BAB II BASSACBB OP POLISB OPPICBBS, POLAND, OCTOB»S 25, 1956.
HOHBBr OP ABTI-POBBIGB DBHOBSTBATIOBS-POREIGB, 1956
AHTI-POBEIGB DBHOBSTBATIOB; ABT DBHOBSTBATIOB OB 3101 BT HÖBE TBBN 100 PEOPLE DIBECTED AT A PABTICULAB POBEIGB COONTBI (OB GBOOP OP COÖNTBIES) OB ITS POLICIES.
0 AB 0077 BABE-AMTI-FBN D1IMSTBM-F57 LOC 126 WIDTH 2
BEF 0077 HD=GE 99
DK 2 COL 56-57
DATA SET ID-«7531»
HUHBEB OF ABTI-FOBEIGB DEHOMSTBATIOMb-FOBEIGM, 1957
ANTI-FOBBIGH DEHONSTBATIOM: ANY DEHOHSTBATIOM OB BIOT BT HÖBE TBBM 100 PEOPLE DIRECTED AT A PARTICULAR FOREIGN COONTBI (OB GROUP OF COÜHTRISS) OB ITS POLICIES.
BOHBEB OF ANTI-FOREIGN DEH0NSTBATI0NS-F0BEI6N, 1955-57
■ - -■-••■-" m—r
DIHEHSIOSS OP COIPLICT BBHJkflOB
(COITIROBD)
PAGE 51
9 5 5
r
ANTI-P0RBI6R DBHORSTBATIOI: ANT DBHOISTBATIOR OB RIOT BT HOBB THEM 100 PEOPLE DIRECTED AT A PARTICOLAH PORBIGH COOHTBT (OB GBOOP OP COORTRIBS) OB ITS POLICIES.
HOHBBR OP ARTI-P0BBI6R DEHORSTRATIORS-PORBIGR, 1958
ARTI-PORBIGR DEHORSTRATIOR: ART OBHORSTRATIOR OR RIOT BT HORB THEM 100 PEOPLE DIRECTED AT A PARTICULAR POREIGR COUNTRY (OR 6RO0P OP COORTRIBS) OB ITS POLICIES.
I0HBBB OF ABTI-FOBBIGM DEHOHSTBATIOIS-FOBEIGII, 1959
AMTI-FOBEIGH DEBOMSTBATIOM: AMT DEMONSTRATION OB RIOT BT BOBB THEN 100 PEOPLE DIBBCTBD AT A PABTICOLAB POBBIGN CODNTBT (OB GBOOP OF COORTBIBS) OB ITS POLICIES.
ROBBE!: OP AHTI-FOBEIGH DEBOBSTBATIOHS-FOBEIGH, 1960
ARTI-POBBIGR DEBOHSTBATIOR: ART DEHOHSTBATIOR OB BIOT BT BOBB TBBB 100 PEOPLE DIBBCTBD AT A PARTICULAR FOREIGN COORTBT (OB GBOOP OP COOBTBIBS) OR ITS POLICIES.
NOBBEB OP ANTI-FOREIGN DEMONSTRATIONS-FOREIGN, 1958-60
ANTI-FOREIGN DEMONSTRATION: AIT DEMONSTRATION OB BIOT BT BOBE TBEI 100 PBOPLE DIBBCTBO AT A PABTICOLAB POBBIGB COUNTRY (OB GRODP •• "OUNTRIES) OB ITS POLICIES.
VAR 0083 REF 0083 DATA SET ID-*7531* HAHE-N6TT SARCTIOMS-F55 HD-GE 9
LOC 136 WIDTH 1 DK 2 COL 66
ROHBER OF REGATIVE SAHCTIOHS-FOREI6R, 1955
o
NEGATIVE SARCTIOR: ANY ACT OH THE PART OF A GOVERNMENT WHICH HAS AS ITS PURPOSE THE PONISHHBRT OF ANOTHER COONTBY FOR ITS BEHAVIOR. THIS INCLODES SOCH ACTS AS BOYCOTTS, HITHDRAHAL OF HILITARY OB ECONOHIC AID, FREEZING OF ASSETS, EHBAROO OR LIHITATION OF HOVEHEHT OF THE OTHER*S NATIONALS WITHIN THE COONTRY. NEGATIVE SANCTIONS DO NOT INCLUDE EXPULSION OR RECALL OF DIPLOHATS, SEVERANCE OF DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS, HILITARY ACTION AND HAB. AN EXAH.LE OF NEGATIVE SANCTION IS THE STOPPING OF ALL OIL SHIPMENTS TO FRANCE AND ENGLAND BY SAUDI ARABIA» HOVBHBBR 8r 1956, IN PROTEST AGAINST THEIR ACTIONS IN THE HID-EAST BAR.
VAR 008« SEF 008« DATA SET ID-*7531* NAHE-NGTV SANCTIOHS-F56 HD=GE 9
LOC 137 WIDTH 1 DK 2 COL 67
NOHBER OF REGATIVE SANCTIONS-FOREIGH, 1956
NEGATIVE SANCTION: ANY NON-VIOLENT ACT AGAINST ANOTHER COUHTRY—SUCH AS BOYCOTT, WITHDRAW'tL OF AID—THE PURPOSE OF WHICH IS TO PUNISH OR THREATEN THAT COUNTRY.
VAB 0085 BEF 0085 DATA SET ID-«7531» ■AHE-HGTT SAHCTIOHS-F57 HD*GE 9
LOG 138 WIDTH 1 DK 2 COL 68
HUHBEB OF NEGATIVE SANCIIONS-FOBEIGN, 1957
(
NEGATIVE SANCTION: ANT NON-VIOLENT ACT AGAINST ANOTHER COUNTBY — SOCH AS BOYCOTT, HITHDBAHAL OF AID—THE PUBPOSE OF MHICH IS TO PONISH OR THBEATEN THAT CO0NTBT.
VAB 0086 BEF 0086 DATA SET ID-»7531« NAHB-NGTV SANCTIONS-F55-57 HD»GE 9
LOC 139 NIDTH 1 DK 2 COL 69
NOHBEB OF NEGATIVE SANCTIONS-FOBEIGN, 1955-57
NEGATIVE SANCTION: ANT NON-VIOLENT ACT AGAINST ANOTHBB COUNTBT—SDCH AS BOYCOTT, HITHDBAHAL OF AID—THE PURPOSE OF HHICH IS TO PUNISH OB THREATEN THAT COUNTRY.
NEGATIVE SANCTION: ANT NON-VIOLENT ACT AGAINST ANOTHER COONTBT—SOCH AS BOYCOTT, NITHDBAMAL OF AID—THE PURPOSE OF WHICH IS TO PUNISH OB THBEATEN THAT COUNTBY.
NEGATIVE SANCTION: ANY NON-VIOLENT ACT AGAINST ANOTHER COONTBT—SOCH AS BOYCOTT, HITRDBA?*L OF AID—THE PHBPOSE OF WHICH IS TO PUNISH OB THBEATEN THAT COONTBY.
NEGATIVE SANCTIOKr ANT NON-VIOLENT ACT AGAINST ANOTHER COUNTBY —SÜCE AS BOYCOTT, BITHOBAIAL OF AID—THE POBPOSE OF WHICH IS TO PUNISH OB THREATEN THAT COOITRT.
REGATITE SANCTION: ART ROH-TIOLERT ACT AGAINST ANOTHER COONTRI—SUCH AS BOYCOTT, WITHDBAWAL OF AID—THE POBPOSE OF WHICH IS TO PURISH OB TRBEATBR TRAT COORTBY.
VAN 0001 HEF 0001 DATA SET ID-^SI« BAHE-STUDY NUNBEB-7531 NO HISSING DATA CODES
LOC 1 MIDTH 4 DK 3 COL 1- 4
ICPB STDDI #7531
•3» DK 3 COL
VAN 0002 BEF 0002 DATA SET ID-*7531* NAHE-BSS COUNTRY CODE HD-GE 999
LOC 5 WIDTH 3 DK 3 COL 6- 8
o RUSSETT, SINGER, SHALL COONTBY CODE
<THIS IDENTIFICATION VARIABLE IS REPEATED FOR EACH DECK WHEN DATA ARE NOT IN OSIRIS FOBHAT. SEE BEF. NO. 2 OF DECK 1 FOR A COHPLETE LISTING OF THE COONTBY CODE,>
VAR 0091 HEF 0091 DATA SET ID-•7531• NAHB-PBOTBSTS-F55 HD'GE 99
LCr 145 WIDTH 2 DK 3 COL 9-10
NOHBEB OF PROTESTS-FOREIGN, 1955
PROTEST: ANY OFFICIAL DIPLOMATIC COHHONICATION OR GOV- BBNHENTAL STATEHENT BY THE EZECOTIVE LEADENS OF A COUNTRY WHICH HAS AS ITS PBIHABY PURPOSE A PROTEST AGAINST THE ACTIONS OF ANOTHBB NATION. DIPLOHATIC NOTES OF PBOTBST ABE
W
DIUBMSIOMS OP CORPLICT BBHATIOB PAGE 59
(COHTIMOBD)
COOHTBD AS ABB BDITOBIILS OP PBOTBST APPEARING IB A LBiDIMG GOfBBRBBST RBHSPAPBP OP TOTALITABIAH COORTBIBS. POB EXAHPLE, BULGARIA PROTESTED TO THE D.S. OR PEBBOABY 4« 1956, OVER PROPAGAHDA BALLOOHS BEIHG SEHT 0?ER BBS TERRITORY.
TAB 0092 REP 0092 DATA SET ID-*7531* HAHE-PBOTESTS-P56 HD=GE 99
LOG 147 WIDTH 2 DK 3 COL 11-12
HOHBEB OP PROTBSTS-FOREXGN, 1956
PBOTBST: ART OPFICIAL DIPLOMATIC COBHOBICATIOH OB 60T- ERHHEHTAL STATEHBHT, THE POBPOSE OP WHICH IS TO COBPLAIH ABOUT OR OBJECT TO THE POLICIES OP ABOTBBB COUNTRY.
PBOTBST: ANY OFFICIAL DIPLOHATIC COHflUNICATION OR GOV- EBMHEHTAL STATBBBNT, THE PURPOSE OF 0UICH IS TO COHPLAIN ABOOT OB OBJECT TO THE POLICIES OP ANOTHER COUNTRY.
TAB 0094 BEP 0094 DATA SET ID-'7531« HAaB-PBOTESIS-P55-57 HD=GE 99
LOG 151 RIDTH 2 DK 3 COL 15-16
( ) HOHBEB OF PROTESTS-FOREIGN, 1955-57
PBOTEST; ANT OFFICIAL DIPLOHATIC COBHONICATIOH OB GOV- EBMHEHT.L STATEMENT, THE PURPOSE OF WHICH IS TO COHPLAIN ABOOT OB OBJECT TO THE POLICIES OP ANOTHEB COONTBY.
PROTEST: ANT OFFICIAL DIPLOSATIC COHBOBICATIOH OB GOT- EBIHBHTAL STATEMBHT, THE POBPOSB OP WHICH IS TO COBPLAIH ABOUT OB OBJECT TO THE POLICIES OP AIOTHBB COORTBT.
PBOTSST: AIT OFFICIAL DIPLOMATIC COMMOMICATIOM OB GOV- ERHHEMTAL STATEMEHT, THE PUBPOSE OF »HIGH IS TO COMPLAIN ABOOT OB OBJECT TO THE POLICIES OF AMOTHEB COUMTBT.
PBOTEST: ABT OFFICIAL DIPLOMATIC COMMUNICATION OR GOV- ERNMENTAL STATEMENT, THE PURPOSE OF BBICH IS TO COMPLAIN ABOUT OB OBJECT TO THE POLICIES OP ANOTHER COOBTBT.
VAR 0099 BEF 0099 NAME-SEVER DPLMTC RELR-F55 HD=GE 9
LOC 161 WIDTH 1 DK 3 COL 25
DATA SET ID-«7531«
NUMBER OF COOBTBIBS BITB BBICH DIPLOMATIC BELATIONS BEBE SETEBED-FCBEIGB, 1955
SEVERANCE OP DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS: TBE COMPLETE WITH- DRAWAL FROH ALL FORMAL DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS WITH ABOTHEB COOBTBT. SOCB BAS THE CASE BITB THE REPUBLIC OF CHINA, FOB EXAMPLE, WHEN SBE SETEBED BELATIOBS BITB EGYPT WHEN THE LATTEB BECOGBIZBD TBE HAIBLABD CHIMESE GOVERNMENT.
MEAN * 0.04 STAMDABD DEVIATION 0.25
■ - -■ c-*.*-d*.i^.
DIHEISIONS OF COMPLICT BEH1TIOB PAGE 64
(COHTIMOBD)
75 0. 0 COOHTBIES 1 1. 1 COOHTBY 1 2. 2 COOMTBIES
9 9. BA
VAB 0100 BEP 0100 DATA SET ID-'TSBI« BAHE-SETEB DPLHTC RELN-P56 nD=GE 9
LOC 162 BIDTB 1 DK 3 COL 26
NOBBEB OP COOBTBIBS WITH MHICH DIPLOMATIC BELATIONS BEBE SEVEBED-POBEIGN, 195.
SEVEBABCE OP DIPLOBATIC BELATIOBS: THE COMPLETE «ITH- DBABAL PBOfl ALL OFFICIAL CONTACT BITH A PABTICULAB COOBTBT.
<SEE BEP- BO. 99 FOB BOBE COBPLETE DEFINITIONS
BEAB ■ 0.C8 STABDABD DETIATIOM ■ 0.31
72 0. 0 COOBTBIBS 4 1. 1 COOBTBT 1 2. 2 COOBTBIBS
9 9. BI
o TAB 0101 BEP 0101 DATA SET IL-•7531•
BAHB-SBTBB DPLHTC RELM-P57 HD=GE 9 LOC 163 WIDTH 1 DK 3 COL 27
BDBBEB OF COOBTBIBS BITH BHICH DIPLOBATIC BELATIOBS BEBE SEVEBED-POBEIGN, 1957
SEVEBABCE OF DIPLOBATIC BELATIONS: THE COBPLETE HITH- DBAHAL FBOH ALL OFFICIAL COBTACT BITH A PABTICOLAB COOBTBT.
<SEE BEP. BO. 99 FOB BOBE COBPLETE DEFINITIONS
BEAB ■ 0.06 >TABDABD DEVIATION ■ 0.25
72 0. 0 COOBTBIBS
i ■ '""imJ".
—
f
DIHEHSIOHS OP CONFLICT BBHATIOB PAGE 65
(CONTIHOBD)
5 1. 1 COOHTBI
9 9. HA
TAB 0102 HEF 0102 DATA SET ID-:/5?1» NAHE-SEVEB DPLHTC BELB-F55 57 MD=GE 9
LOC 164 WIDTH 1 OK 3 COL 28
NOHBBB OF COUMTBIBS HITH «HIGH DIPLOMATIC BELATIOBS »EBB SETEBBD-FOBBIGH, 1955-57
c SETEBAHCE OF DIPLOMATIC BELATIOBS: THE COBPLETE HITH- DBAHAL FBOB ALL OFFICIAL CONTACT HITH A PABTICOLAB COOMTBT.
<SEE BEF. HO. 99 FOB HÖBE COBPLETE DEFINI?IC'i.>
HEAH ■ 0.18 STAHDABO DETJATIOH ■ 0.48
66 0. 0 COOHTBIBS 8 1. 1 COOHTBT 3 2. 2 COOHTBIBS
9 9. HA
VAB 0103 BEF 0103 DATA SLT ID-»75i1» f- HAHB-SETBB DPLHTC BBLH-F58 HD=GB 9 ( LOC 165 HIDTH 1 DK 3 COL 29
NOHBEB OF COOHTBIBS HITH HHICH DIPLOHATIC BELATIOBS HEBE SEVEBBD-POBEIGN, 1958
SETEBAHCE OF DIPLOHATIC BELATIOBS: THE COBPLETE HITH- DBAHAL FBOH ALL OFFICIAL COHTACT HITH A PABTICOLAB COOHTBT.
<SEE BEF. HO. 99 FOB HÖBE COHPLETE DEFIHITIOH.>
HEAH - 0.07 STAHDABD DEVIATION = 0.26
77 0. 0 COOHTBIBS 6 1. 1 COOHTBT
3 Q. Hi
*
I
DIHEISIOHS OP CONFLICT BEHAVIOB PAGE 66
VIR 010a REP 010U DATA SE' JO-'TSai« NAHE-SETER DPLETC RELR-P59 HD=GB 9
LOC 166 WIDTH 1 DK 3 COL 30
NOHBER OP COUNTRIES WITH IHICH DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS HERE SEVERED-POREIGN, 1959
SEVERANCE OP DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS: THE COMPLETE HITH- DRAHAL PROfl ALL OFFICIAL CONTACT WITH A PARTICOLAR COUNTRY.
<SEE REP. NO. 99 FOR HORE COMPLETE DEFINITION.>
MEAN « 0.06 STANDARD DEVIATION « 0.24
( ) 78 0. 0 COUNTRIES 5 1. 1 COONTRT
3 9. NA
VAR 0105 REP 0105 DATA SET ID-«75J1« NAME-SEVER DPLHTC RBLN-P60 MD-6E 9
LOC 167 BIDTH ' DK 3 COL 31
NOHBER OF COUNTRIES NITB NHICH DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS HERE SEVERED-FOREIGN, 1960
SEVERANCE OP DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS: THE COMPLETE HITH- DRAHAL FROH ALL OFFICIAL CONTACT HITH A PARTICULAR COUNTRY.
MOHBER OP AHBASSADOBS EXPELLED OB BECALLED-POBEIGN, 1955
EZPOLSIOB OB BECALL OP AMBASSADOR: AHT EXPULSION OP AN AHBASSADOB FROM ANOTHEB COUNTRY, OB AHf BECALL POB OTBEB THAN ADHINISTRATIVE BEASONS OP AN AHBASS^IiOB TO ANOTHEB COONTBT. THIS DOES HOT IHCLUDE ANT EXPULSION OR RECALL INVOLVED DOHING THE SEVEBAHCE OP DIPLCITIC BELATIONS. AN INSTANCE OP THIS MEASURE IS VENEZUELA'S RECALL OP HER AHBASSADOB TO ARGENTINA IB A DISPUTE OVBB BOLBS OP ASYLUM, JULY 6, 1957.
MEAN ■
0. 1.
0.06 STAHDABD DEVIATION 0.25
0 AHBASSADOBS 1 AHBASSADOB
9. NA
■-- - — - - —-
Dlt.EHSIOHS OF CORPLICT BEH&VIOB rAGE 68
VIR 0108 BEF 0108 DATA SEI ID-*7531* SAHE-EIPEL/BCLL AHBSDB-P56 HD=GE 9
LOC 170 BIDTH 1 DK 3 COL 34
ROHBBB OF &HBASSADOBS EXPELLED OB RECALLED-FOBEIGN, 1956
EXPOLSIOB OB BECALL OF AMBASSADOR: AMT EXPELLING OF AN AMBASSADOR FROM, OB RECALLING FOB OTHER THAN ADMINISTRATIVE REASONS AN AHBASSADOB TO A PARTICOLAB COUNTBT--THIS DOES NOT INVOLVE EXPULSION OB BECALL RESULTING FROM THE SEVER- ANCE OF DIPLOMATIC BELATIONS.
<SEE BEF. NO. 107 FOR HÖBE COHPLETE DEFINITION.>
{ ) MEAN ■ 0.08 STANDABD DEVIATION = 0.27
71 0. 0 AMBASSADORS 6 1. 1 AHBASSADOB
9 9. HA
VAB 0109 REF 0109 DATA SET ID-,7531' NAMB-EXPEL/RCLL ÄHBSDR-F57 MD=GE 9
LOC 171 BIDtH 1 DF 3 COL 35
NDHBEB OF AflBASSADOBS EXPELLED OB RECALLED-FOBEIGN, 1957
EXPOLSIOM OB BECALL OF AHBASSADOB: ANT EXPELLING OF AN AHBASSADOB FROM, OB RECALLING FOB OTHEB THAN ADMINISTRATIVE BEASONS AM AHBASSADOB TO A PARTICULAR COUNTRT—THIS DOES MOT IM70LVE EXPOLSIOM OR BECALL RESULTING FROH THE SEVEB- AMCE OF DIPLOMATIC BELATIONS.
VAR 0110 SEF 0110 HAHE-EXPEL/KCLL AMBSDfi-P55-57 ND>GB 9
LOC 172 WIDTH 1 DK 3 COL 36
PATA SBT ID-»7531«
i 61 12
3 1
NOHBBB OF AHBASSADORS BXPBLLBO OB RECALLED-FOBEIGN, 1955-57
EXPULSION OR RECALL OF AHBASSADOR: ANY EXPELLING OF AN ANBASSADOB FROM, OB BECALLING FOB OTBEB THAN ADMINISTRATIVE SEASONS AN AHBASSADOR TO A PARTICULAR COONTBT—THIS DOES NOT INVOLVE EXPULSION OB RECALL RESULTING FROH TH£ SEVER- ANCE OF DIPLOMATIC BELATIONS.
VAN Olli BEF 0111 NAHE-EXPEL/BCLL AHBSDR-F58 HD-GE 9
LOC 173 WIDTH 1 DK 3 COL 37
DATA SET ID-»7531«
< NOHBEB OF AHBASSADORS EXPELLED OB RECALLED-FOREIGN, 1958
EXPULSION OB RECALL OF AHBASSADOR: ANT EXPELLING OF AN AHBASSADOB FBOH, OB BECALLING FOB OTHER THAN ADMINISTRATIVE REASONS AH AHBASSADOB TO A PABTICULAB COUNTRY —THIS DOES HOT INVOLVE EXPULSION OR RECALL BESULTING FBOH THE SEVER- ANCE OF DIPLOMATIC RELATIOHS.
<SEE BEF. NO. 107 FOR HÖBE COHPLETB DEFINITIONS
HEAN ■ 0.16 STANDABD DEVIATION ■ 0.40
71 0. 0 AHBASSADORS 11 1. 1 AHBASSADOB
1 2. 2 AHBASSADORS
9. NA
itm i iimir rtiMnri i ^Wi
Dinsisioas or COHPLICT BEHATIOB PAGE 70
▼IB 0112 BBP 0112 DATA SET ID-'TSSI« IABE-EXPBL/BCLL ABBSDM-P59 MD=GE 9
LOC 174 WIDTH 1 DK 3 COL 38
ROHBBB OP AHBASSADOBS EXPELLED OB HECALLED-FOREIGN, 1959
EXPULSION OB BECALL OF AMBASSADOR: ANT EXPELLING OF AN AHBASSADOB FHOM, OB BECALLIN6 FOB OTBEB THAN ADMINISTRATIVE BEASOIS AH AHBASSADOB TO A PABTICOLAB COONTFY —THIS DOES NOT INVOLVE EXPULSION OR RECALL RESULTING FBOH THE SEVER- ANCE OP DIPLOHATIC BELATIONS.
NAHE-EXPBL/BCLL AHBSDR-F60 HD^GE 9 LOC 175 MIDTH 1 DK 3 COL 39
NUHB3B OP AHBASSADOBS EXPELLED OB RECALLED-FOREIGN, 1960
fXPOLSIOH OB BECALL OP AHBASSADOB: ANT EXPELLING OP AN AHBASSADOB FBOH, OB BECALLIHG POB OTHEB THAH ADMINISTRATIVE BEASOHS AH AHBASSADOB TO A PABTICOLAB COUNTRT—THIS DOES HOT INVOLVE BXPOLSIOH OB BECALL RESULTING PBOH THE SEVER- ANCE OP DIPLOHATIC BELATIOHS.
VAH Oil« HEF 0114 DATA SET ID-«7531» RAHE-BXPEL/BCLL AHBSDB-F58-60 RD=GE 9
LOG 176 WIDTH 1 DK 3 COL 40
NOHBBB OF AHBASSADOBS EXPELLED OB KECALLED-FOREIGN, 1958-60
EXPCLSIOM OB RECALL OF AMBASSADOR: AHT EXPELLING OF AN AHBASSADOB FROM, OB RECALLING FOB OTHER THAN ADHINISTBATIVE REXSONS AN AHBASSADOB TO A PARTICULAR COONTBT—THIS DOES NOT INVOLVE EXPOLSION OB BECALL RESULTING FBOH THE SEVER- ANCE OF DIPLOHATIC BELATIONS.
VAB 0115 BEF 0115 DATA SET ID-«7531» NAHE-EXPEL/HCLL LESSBB-F55 HD=GE 9
LOC 177 WIDTH 1 DK 3 CO!. 41
HUHBEB OF INSTANCES OF EXPOLSION OB BECALL OF DIPLOHATIC OFFICIALS OF LESS THAN AHBASSADOBIAL BANK-FORKIGN, 1955
EXPULSION OB BECALL OF LESSEE OFFICIALS: ANT EXPOLSION OF OFFICIALS OF LESS THAN DIPLOHATIC BANK WHO ABE FBOH ANOTHEB COONTBT, OB ANT RECALLING, FOB OTHEB THAN ADHINISTBATIVE REASONS, OF LESSEE OFFICIALS TO AHfTHEB COONTBT. THI61 DOES NOT INCLODE ANT EXPOLSION OB BECALM INVOLVED IN THE SEVEBANCE OF DIPLOHATIC BELATIONS. EACH ACT OF EXPOLSION OB BECALL IS COUNTED hVTHER THAN THE NOHBEB OF OFFICIALS EXPELLED OB BECALLED. FOB EXAHPLE, IF THBEE DIPLOHATS FBOH THE SÄHE COONTBT ABE EXPELLED AT THE SÄHE TIHE FOB SPTING, THIS IS COUNTED AS ONE ACT. AN EXPOLSION OF A LESSEE OFFICIAL WAS HADE BT THE NETHERLANDS, FOB EXAHPLE, ON JANOABT 22, 1957, WHEN SHE EXPELLED A USSH EHBASST OFFICIAL
TAB 0116 BEF 0116 DATA SET IO-«7531« HABE-BXPEL/SCLL LESSEB-F56 HD=GE 9
LOC 178 WIDTH 1 DK 3 COL 42
MOBBEB OF IHSTAICES OF EXPULSION OB RECALL OF DIPLOMATIC OFFICIALS OF LESS THAU ANBASSADOBIAL BABK-FOBEIGM, 1956
EIPULSIOB OB BECALL OF LESSEE OFFICIALS: ART EXPELLIB6 OF OFFICIALS OF LESS THAN AMBASSADORIAL BARK FROM, OB BECALLIBG FOB OTHEB THAN ADHINISTBATITE BEASONS ANT SUCH LESSEE OFFICIALS TO A PARTICULAR CO0NTBT—TBIS DOES NOT IBTOLTE EXPULSION OB BECALL RESULTING FBOB THE SEVERANCE OF DIPLOBATIC BELATIONS.
TAB 0117 BEF 0117 DATA SET ID-»7531« BABE-EXPEL/ÄCLL LESSEB-F57 HD=GE 9
LOC 1T9 IIDTB 1 DK 3 COL 43
NOHBEB OF INSTANCES OF EXPULSION OB RECALL OF DIPLOMATIC OFFICIALS OF LESS THAN ANBASSADOBIAL RANK-FOREIGN, 1957
2XP0LSIOB OB BECALL OF LESSEE OFFICIALS: ANT EXPELL^G OF OFFlUiALS OF LESS THAN ANBASSADOBIAL BANK PROM, OS
-
DIBEISIOHS OP CONFLICT BEHAVIOB
(COHTIHUED)
P1GE 73
(
59 12 3 1 2
BECALLING FOB OTHER THAN iOHINISTBiTIVE BE1SOHS ANT SOCH LESSEE OFFICIALS TO A PARTICOLAB COQNTBT—THIS DOBS ROT INVOLTE EXPULSION OR RBCALL RESÖL I G FROH THE SEVERANCE OF DIPLOHATIC RELATIONS.
<SB3 BEF. HO. 115 FOB HOBS COHPLETB DEFINITIONS
HEAR ■ 0.45 STANDARD DEVIATION ■ 1.08
0. 0 EXPULSIONS/RECALLS 1. 1 EXPOLSIOH/RECALL 3. 3 EXPOLSIONS/RECALLS U. H EiPOLSIOHS/RECALLS 5. 5 EXPOLSIONS/RECALLS
NUMBER OF INSTANCES OF EXPOLSION OB BECALL OF DIPLOHATIC OFFICIALS OF LBSS THAH AHBASSADOBIAL RANK-FOREIGN, 1955-57
EXPOLSION OB BECALL OF LESSEE OFFICIALS: ANT EXPELLING OF OFFICIALS OF LESS THAN AHBASSADOBIAL BANK FROM, OB BECALLING FOR OTHER THAN ADHINISTRATITE REASONS ANT SUCH LESSER OFFICIALS TO A PARTICULAR COONTRT—THIS DOES NOT IHTOLTE EXPOLSTOH OR RECALL RESOLTING FROH THE SETERANCE OF DIPLOHATIC RELATIONS.
MOHBEB OF INSTANCES OF EXPULSION OB BECALI OF DIPLOMATIC OFFICIALS OF LESS THAN AMBASSADORIAL RANK-FOBEIGKf 1958
E/PtlLSION OB RECALL OF LL'SSEB OFFICIALS: ANY EXPELLING OF OFFICIALS OF LESS THAI* AHBA5SADOBIAL BANK FROH, OB BBCALLIHG FOB OTBEB THAN ADMINISTRATIVE SEASONS ANT SUCH LBSSEB OFFICIALS TO A PABTICOLAB COUNTRY—THIS DOES NOT INTOLTE EXPULSION OB BECALI. RESULTING PROM THE SBTEBANCE OF DIPLOMATIC BELATIONS.
TAB 0120 BEF 0120 DATA SET ID->7331 NAHE-EXPEL/BCLL LESSEB-F59 MD=GF 9
LOC 182 MIDTH 1 DK 3 COL 46 ^
( ) NUMBEB OF INSTANCES OF EXPULSION OB BECALL OF DIPLOMATIC OFFICIALS OF LESS THAN AHBASSADOBIAL SANK-POREIGN, 1959
EXPULSION OB .ECALL OF LESSEE OFFICIALS: ANY EXPELLING OF OFFICIALS OF LESS THAN AHBASSADOBIAL BANK FROM, OB BBCALLIHG FOB OTHBB THAN ADMINISTRATIVE BEASONS ANY SUCH LESSEE OFFICIALS TO A PABTICOLAB COUNTBY—THIS DOES NOT INTOLTE EXPULSION OB BECALL BESOLTING FBOB TOE SETEBA'iCE OF DIPLOMATIC BELATIONS.
NOBBBB OP INSTANCES OP EXPULSION OB BECALL OP DIPLOMATIC OFFICIALS OP LESS TBAN ABBASSADOBIAL RANK-FOREIGN, 1960
EZPOLSION OB BECALL OP LESSEE OFFICIALS: ANT EXPELLING OP OFFICIALS OP LESS TBAN ABBASSADOBIAL BANK FROB, OB BECALLING POB OTBBB TBAN ADNINISTBATITE REASONS ANT SOCH LESSEE OFFICIALS TO A PABTICOLAB COUNTRY—THIS DOES NOT INTOLfB EXPULSION OB BECALL BESOLTING PBOH THE SEVERANCE OP DIPLOBATIC RELATIONS.
TAB 0122 BEP 0122 NANE-EXPEL/BCLL LESSEB-F58-( 0 BD=GF 9
LOC 184 NIOTH 1 DK 3 COL 48
DATA SET ID-•7531«
NOBBBB OP INSTANCES CP EZPOLSIOK OB BECALL OP DIPLOBATIC OFFICIALS OP LESS THAN ABBASSADOBIAL RANK-FOREIGN, 1958-60
EXPULSION OB BECALL OP LESSEB OFFICIALS; ANT EXPELLING OP OPPICIAL3 OP LESS THAN ABBASSADOBIAL BANK FROM, OB BECALLING POB OTHEB THAN ADHINISTBATITE REASONS AJT SUCH
PIHEBSIOIS OP CONFLICT BBHiTIOB PAGE 76
49 2
u
(COBTIBOED)
LESSER OFFICIALS TO k PABTIC0L1B COONTBY—THIS DOES NOT IITOLYE EXPULSION OB BECALL RESULTING FROH THE SEVERANCE OP DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS.
u ThBEAT: ABY OFFICIAL DIPLOHATIC COHHONICATION OB GOV-
ERNMENTAL STATEHEBT BY THE EXECUTIVE LEADEBS OF A COUNTRY HHICR STATES OB IHPLIES THAT A PABTICOLAB COONTBY (OB GBOOP OF COOBTBIES) HILL IHCOB CEBTAIN NEGATIVE SANC- TIONS IP IT ACTS IN A CEBTAIB HAY. SDCH NEGATIVE SANCTIONS HAY INCLODE NOT ONLY THOSE MENTIONED ONDEB "NEGATIVE SANCTIONS" ABOVE, BOT ALSO SEVERANCE OP DIPLOHATIC RE- LATIONS OB THE OSB OF POBCE. EDITORIALS CONTAINING SOCH THBEATS APPEABING IN THE LEADING GOVEBBHENT NEWSPAPERS OF TOTALITARIAN COOBTBIES ABE COUNTED. AN EXAHPLE OF A THBEAT IS THE STATBHENT HADE BY THE AHEBICAB SECRETARY OP STATE, OCTOBER 17, 1957, BHEH HE NABBED THE OSSB THAT AH ATTACK BY HEB ON THE TEBBITOBY OF TURKEY "HILL BBING U.S. RETALIATION AGAINST THE TERRITORY OF THE OSSB."
THBEAT: AHT OFFICIAL DIPLOHATIC COHHUHICATIOH OB GOV- ERHHEHTAL STATEHEHT ASSERTING THAT IP A PABTICOLAB COOHTBT DOES OB DOES ROT DO A PABTICOLAB THIH6 IT HILL IHCOB NEGATIVE SAHCTIOHS.
THBEAT: ANY OFFICIAL DIPLOHATIC COHHOHICATIOH OB GOV- EBHNEHTAL STATEHEHT ASSEBTIHG THAT IP A PABTICOLAB COOHTBT DOES OB DOES HOT DO A PABTICOLAB THING IT HILL IHCOB HBGATIVE SAHCTIOHS.
THREAT: ANT OFFICIAL DIPLOMATIC COHRONICATION OR GOT- EBNBBNTAL STATEBEBT ASSERTING THAT IP A PARTICULAR COONTRT DOES OR DOES NOT DO A PARTICULAR THING IT HILL INCUR NEGATITE SABCTIONS.
-- ^■^.L.J....-T--^.-^m-, • ^t^t"---'^l-iiiiriiihJiil1rri'tl'l^tr iii^ilill'iitriiMii-ri' i V innilr T <in inili'I'II m' ^ •' - ^ . "JJi,A- ...
DIRBHSIOMS OP CONFLICT BBHiTIOB PAGE 79 I
TAB 0127 MiHE-TBBBlTS-PSS
LOG 192 HIOTB
BBP 0127 HD=GB 99
DK 3 COL 56-57
DiTA SET ID-»7531»
(
HOHBEB OP TRBEATS-POREIGN, 1958
THREAT: AMT OPPICIAL DIPLOBATIC COBHOBICATIOB OB GOT- ERNHEMTAL STATEHBNT ASSERTING THAT IP A PABTICOLAB COOHTBT DOES OB DOES MOT DO A PARTICOLAB THING IT BILL IMCOB NEGATIVE SANCTIONS.
THBBAT: ANT OFFICIAL DIPLOBATIC COBBONICATION OB GOT- BRNBBBTAL STATEMENT ASSEBTING TBAT IF A PABTICOLAB COONTBT DOES OB DOBS HOT DO A PABTICOLAB THING IT HILL IHCOB HEGATITE SABCTIOHS.
THREAT: ART OFFICIAL DIPLOMATIC COHHONICATION OR GOV- ERNHEHTAL STATEHBIT ASSERTING THAT IF A PARTICULAR COONTRT DOES OR DOBS ROT DO A PARTICULAR THING IT HILL INCUR NEGATITE SANCTIONS.
THREAT: A»Y OFFICIAL DIPLOBATIC COHHONICATION OR GOV- BRNHENTAL STATEMENT ASSERTING THAT IF A PARTICOLAR COONTRT DOBS OR DOBS NOT DO A PARTICOLAR THING IT HILL INCOR NEGATIVE SANCTIONS.
PRESENCE OR ABSEICB OP RILITART ACTI0M-P0RBI6H, 1955
BILITART ACTION: ANY ACTION BT HEHBEBS OP THE BB60LAB POBCES OP A RATION WHICH ARE DIRECTED AGAINST THE PBOPBBTT OR CITIZENS OP ANOTHER COORTRT ARD IR HHICH PIRE POHEB IS USED. WHEN THE ROBBER OP SOLDIERS OP RATIOR IRVOLVEO IH THE ACTION EQUALS OR EXCEEDS IR NOHBER .02 PEB CERT OP THE POPDLATIOR OP THE COUNTRY, THEN THAT ACTIOR IS CATEGOBIZED AS A NAB POR THAT COORTRT. HILITARY ACTIOR IRCLODES ART ATTACK OR COASTAL SHIPPING BT GORBOATS, ANT ATTACK ON A POBBIGN PLANE BT ONE'S OWN PLANES OR ANTI-AIBCBAPT BAT- TEBIBS, SHELLIRG OP AROTHER*S TEBBITORT OR EXCBARGE OP GORPIRE BETHEBR BORDER PATROLS. SOCH BILITART ACTIOR IR TEBBS OP BORDER CLASHES, POR BIAHPLE, OCCURRED BETHEBR APGHARISTAR AND PAKISTAN, 1956.
HEAR ■ 0.14 STANDARD DEVIATION - 0.35
66
11
0. HO OCCORRERCE OP BILITART ACTIOR IH GIVEN TEAR.
PaESENCE OR ABSENCE OP MILITARY ACTION-PORRIGN, 1956
HILITART ACTION: AFT HILITART CLASH OP A PARTICOLAR COOMIRT WITH AHOTKEB AND INVOLVING GUNFIRE, BDT SHORT OP HAR AS DEPINED IN REP. NO. 139.
<SEE REP. NO. 131 POR MORE COBPLETE DEFINITION.>
HEAR ■ 0.17 STANDARD DEVIATION = 0.38
6« 0. NO OCCURRENCE OP MILITARY ACTIOtl IN GIVEN EAR.
13 1. HILIT/iRY ACTION OCC0RRE0 IN GIVEN TEAR.
9 9. NA
VAR 0133 REP 0133 DATA SET ID-»7531« NAME-MILITARY ACTION-P57 MD=GE 9
LOC 202 WIDTH 1 DK 3 COL 66
PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OP MILITARY ACTION-FOREIGN, 1957
MILITARY ACTION: ANY MILITARY CLASH OP A PARTICOLAR COUNTRY RITB ANOTHER AND INVOLVING GUNFIRE, BUT SHORT OP HAR AS DEFINED IN REP. NO. 139.
<SEE REP. NO. 131 FOR MORE COMPLETE DEFINITION.>
MEAN • 0.1U STANDARD DEVIATION = 0.35
66 0. HO OCCURRENCE OF MILITARY ACTION IN GIVEN YEAR.
11 1. MILITARY ACTION OCCURRED
£ ük-UW
f ' ''i"P|"i'»^i—'^^■^—^^"^i^^—^^^w^il ■■■■» I I. II
DIHBISIONS OF CONFLICT BZHi?IOB PAGE 83
(COMTIIOBD)
II GIVEN TEAR.
9. MA
TAB 013» BEP 0134 D»TA SET ID-•7531• »AHB-HILITABI ACTIOH-P55-57 HD=GE 9
LOG 203 WIDTH 1 DK 3 COL 67
PBESPICE OB ABSENCE OP HILITABT ACTION-FOREIGN, 1955-57
MILITARY ACTION: ANT HILITABT CLASH OP A PABTICOLAB t COUNTRY MITR ANOTHER AMD INVOLVING GONPIBE« BUT SHOBT OP
NAB AS OEPINED IN BEP. NO. 139.
<SEE BEP. NO. 131 POB HÖBE COMPLETE DEPINITI0N.>
HBAN ■ 0.45 STANDARD DEVIATION ■ 0.94
NO OCCURRENCE OP MILITARY ACTION IN 3-YEAB PEBIOD. HILITABT ACTION OCCUBBBD IN 1 TEAB OP 3-TEAB PEBIOD. HILITABT ACTION OCCUBBBD IN 2 IEABS OP 3-TBAR PEBIOD. HILITABT ACTION OCCUBBBD IN ALL 3 TEABS OP 3-YEAR PEBIOD.
9. NA
VAB 0135 BEP 0135 DATA SET ID-,7531' NAHB-HILITABT ACTION-F58 HD=GE 9
LOC 204 NIDTH 1 DK 3 COL 68
PBESEHCE OB ABSENCE Of HILITABT ÄCTION-FOBEIGN, 1958
HILITABT ACTION: ANT HILITABT CLASH OP A PABTICULAB COUNTBT ilTH ANOTHER AND INVOLVING GONPILE, BUT SHOBT OP BAB AS DBPINBD IN BEP. NO. 139.
<SEE BEP. NO. 131 POB HÖBE COMPLETE DEFINITIONS
BEAM ■ 0.24 STAMDABD DEVIATION " 0.43
59 0.
8 1.
3 2.
7 3.
äMMMlgto.
.-.j^—»-.ll^l ^ -
DIHEMSIORS OP CONFLICT BBHATIOH PiGB BU
(COITISUBO)
u
( )
63 0. HO OCCORRBHCE OP BILITABT ACTION IB GIVEN YEAR.
20 1. BILITABT ACTION OCCDBBED IN GIVEN ?EAB.
3 9. NA
VAB 0136 REP 0136 DATA SET ID-,7531« NABB-BILITABT ACTIOH-P59 BD^GE 9
LOG 205 RIDTB 1 DK 3 COL 69
PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OP BILITABT ACTION-POREIGN, 1959
BILITABT ACTION: ANT BILITABT CLASB OP A PABTICOLAB COUNTBT MITH ANOTHER AND INVOLVING GONPIRE, BOT SHOBT OP HAH AS DEFINED IN BEP. NO. 139.
<SBB REP. BO. 131 POR BOBE COBPLBTE DEFINITIONS
BEAB « 0.16 STANDABD DEVIATION ■ 0.37
BO OCCOBBBBCE OP BILITABT ACTION IB GIVEN TBAB. BILITABT ACTION OCCOBBED IB GIVEB TEAB.
NA
70 0.
13 1.
3 9.
VAB 0137 REP 0137 DATA SET ID-«7531« BABE-HILITABT ACTION-P60 HD=GE 9
LOC 206 BIDTB 1 DK 3 COL 70
PRBSENCB OR ABSENCE OP NILIT1RT ACTION-FOREIGN, 1960
fILITART ACTIOR: ANT BILITABT CLASH OP A PABTICOLAB COONTRT MITH ANOTHER AND INVOLVING GOBPIBE, BOT SHOBT OP BAR AS DEFINED IN BEP. NO. 139.
<SEE BEP. BO. 131 POB BOBE COBPLBTE DEFINITIONS
BEAB ■ 0.19 STANDARD DEVIATION • 0.40
DlhBHSIONS OF CONFLICT BBHATIOB PAGE 85
(COHTINOBD)
67
16
0. no OCCOBBEMCE OP HILITiBT ACTION IN GIVEN TEAB.
PBESENCE OB ABSENCE OF BILITABT ACTION-FOREIGN, 1958-60
BILITABT ACTION: ANT BILITABT CLASH OP A PARTICULAR COONTBT BITS ANOTHER AND INVOLVING GONPIBE, BOT SHOBT OF ■AB AS DEFINED IN BEF. NO. 139.
<SEE BEF. NO. 131 FOB HOBF COBPLETB DEFINITIOB.>
BEAN - 0.59 STANDABD DEVIATION « 0.92
NO OCCOBBENCB OF BILITABT ACTION IN 3-YBAR PERIOD. BILITABT ACTION OCCOBBBD IN I TBAB OP 3-TBAB PEBIOD. BILITABT ACTIOB OCCOBBBD IN 2 TEABS OP 3-TEAB PEBIOD. BILITABT ACTION OCCOBBBD IN AiL 3 TEABS OF 3-TBAB PEBIOD.
53 0.
17 1.
7 2.
6 3.
9. NA
VAB 0139 NAflB-RAB-F55
LOC 208 NIDTH
BEF 0139 MD=GE 9
DK 3 COL 72
DATA SET ID-«7531«
PBESEHCE OF ABSENCE OP NAB-FOB£lGNr 1955
BAR: ANT BILITABT ACTION FOR A PABTICOLAB COONTBT IN WHICH THE BOBBEB OF ITS SOLDIERS INVOLVED EQUALS OB EXCEEDS .02 PEB CENT OF ITS POPULATION.. THIS NDBBEB NEED NOT BE
DIHEBSIOIS OF COIPLICT BBHAVIOB PAGB 86
(COHTIROBD)
ACTOALLT IHVOLFED IN THE SUOOTI1G, BOT HOST BE INVOLVED AT idE PBOIT LOGISTICALLT OB AS RBSBBVES. MITH BESPECT TO THIS DEFIRITIOR# THE HID-EAST HAB HAS A HAB FOB FBANCE« EH6LARD, EGYPT, AMD ISSAEL.
HEAR ■ 0.0 STAHDARO DEVIATION = 0.0
77 0. RO OCCORBERCB OF HAH IR GIVER TEAS.
1. HAB OCCOBBED IR GIVER TEAR.
9 9. RA r
)VAB 01U0 8EF QIHO DATA SET ID-^Sai» HAB5-HAB-FS6 HD=GE 9
LOC 209 WIDTH 1 DK 3 COL 73
PBESERCE OR ABSERCE OF HAB-FORBIGRf 1956
HAB: ART HILITART CLASH FOB A PARTICULAR COUNTRY HITH AHOTHER ARD IR RHICH BORE THAR .02 PBB CERT OF ITS POPÖLA- TIOR IS HILITABILT INVOLVED IR THE CLASH.
<SEE BBF. RO. 139 FOR BORE COHPLBTE OEFIRITIOR.>
0.27
( )
AEAH 0.08 STARDABD DETIkTIOR
71
6
0.
1.
NO OCCORBENCE OF HAB IR GIVEN TEAB. HAB OCCOBBED IR GIVER TEAR.
9 9. RA
AB omi NAHB-HAB-
LOC •F57 210 JIIDTH
REF 0141 HD-GE 9
1 DK 3 COL 7*
DATA SET ID-«7531«
PBESERCE OR ABSERCE OF HAB-FOBEIGH, 1957
BAR: ART HILITART CLASH FOR A PARTICOLAB COONTBT HITH ANOTHER ARD IR HBICH BORE THAR .02 PER CENT OF ITS POPOLA- TION IS HILITARILT INVOLVED IN THE CLASH.
llimpilll||IUIlipiII!UIIW.|l.||ll|R|^LI l ll IW 'mwmw i m;.mm*vsym*ww.ftr -
DIHBISIOIS OP CONFLICT BEH4TI0H PIGE 87
(CONTZMOED)
76
1
9
<SEE REP. NO. 139 FOR HÖRE COHPLETE DEFIIITIOM.>
HE&I ■ 0.01 STANDARD DETIATION = 0.11
0. NO OCCURRENCE OF WAR IN GIVEN TEAR.
1. 1AR OCCORRED IN GIVEN TEAR.
9. NA
TAR 0142 NAAE-NAR-F55-57
( LOC 211 NIDTH 1
REP 0142 HD=GE 9
DK 3 COL 75
DATA SET ID-»7531«
(
PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OP RAR-FOREIGN, 1955-57
MAR: ANT RILITART CLASH FOR A PARTICULAR COONTRT NITH ANOTHER AND IN HBICH BORE THAN .02 PER CENT OP ITS POPULA- TION IS HILITARTLT INTOLTED IN THE CLASH.
<SEE REP. NO. 139 FOR BORE COHPLETE DEFINITION.>
HEAR ■ 0.09 STANDARD DETIATION ■ 0.29
NO OCCURRENCE OF BAR IN 3-TEAB PERIOD. BAB OCCUBBBD IH 1 TEAR OF 3-TEAR PERIOD. NAB OCCUBBBD IN 2 TEABS OP 3-TEAB PEBIOD. NAB OCCUBBBD IN ALL 3 TEABS OF 3-TEAB PERIOD.
70 0.
7 1.
0 2.
0 3.
9. NA
TAR 0143 BAHE-HAB-F58
LOC 212 BIDTH
BBF 0143 HD«GB 9
DK 3 COL 76
DATA SET ID-»7531»
PBESBBCE OB AB3EBCB OF RAR-P0RBI6B, 1958
- -- ■ '■W'.|,-«f\ ■
DIHBISIOHS OP COMPLICT BBHAVIOB
(COBTIBOBD)
PAGE 88
77
6
3
BAB: ABT HILITABT CLASH FOB A PABTICOLAB COOMTBI ilTB ABOTHBB ABD IB WHICH BOBE THAB .02 PBB GEBT OP IIS POPULA- TION IS HILITABILT IHfOLfEO IB THE CLASH.
<SEE BBP. BO. 139 POB HÖBE COMPLETE DEFINITIOH.>
HEAB ■ 0.07 STABDABD DEVIATION ■ 0.26
0. BO OCCOBBENCE OP BAB IB GITBB TEAB.
1. HAB OCCOBBBD II GIVEB TEAB.
9. BA
o TAB 0144 BAHB-BAB-P59
LOG 213 HIDTB
BEP 0144 HD=GE 9
DK 3 COL 77
DATA SET ID-,7531«
o 78
5
3
PBESBBGB OB AfSBBGB OP WAB-FOBEIGI, 1959
BAB: ABT HILITABT CLASH POB i PABIICDLAB COUNTRY HITH ABOTHBB ABD IB BHICH HÖBE THAB .02 PEB GEBT OP ITS POPULA- TION IS HILITASILV INVOLVED IB THE CLASH.
<SEE BEP. BO. 139 POB HÖBE COHPLETE DEFINITIONS
HE 1 = 0.06 STABDABD DEVIATION ■ 0.24
0. BO OGCOBBBBCE OP BAB IB GIVEB TEAB.
1. BAB OCCOBBBD IB GIVEB TEAB.
9. BA
TAB 0145 BAHB-BAB-P60
LOG 214 WIDTH
BEP 0145 MD=GE 9
DK 3 rzoi 78
DATA SET ID-«7531«
PBBSEBGB OB ABSBBGE OP BAB-POBEIGN, 1960
WAB: ABT HILITABT CLASH POB A PABTICOLAB COONTBT WITH ABOTHBB ABD IB BHICH HÖBE THAB .02 PEB GEBT OP ITS POPULi-
DIBEHSIOHS OF CONFLICT BEHAVIOR PAGE 89
(COITZIOID)
TIOM IS HILITABILT INVOLVED II f» CLASH.
<SEE BEP. HO. 139 FOR HOB» COBPLBTB DEFINITIOB.>
HEAR ■ 0.08 STAIOABD DBTIITION • 0.28
(
76 0, BO OCCU111BCB OP BAB IB GIVBi TBAB.
7 1. BAB OCCWBBXD IB GIVEB TEAR.
3 9. BA
TAB 01*4 RBF 0146 HAHE-iAB- -P58- •60 HD=GE 9
LOC 215 IIDTH 1 DK 3 COL 79
DATA SET ID-»7531»
c
PRESBBCE OB ABSENCE OF HAB~F0BEI6B, 1958-60
HAB: ABT BILITABX CLASH FOB A PARTICULAR COONTRT HITH ANOTHER AND IN BHICB HÖBE THAN .02 PEB CEBT OF ITS POPULA- TION IS HILITABILT INVOLVED IB THE CLASH.
<SEE BBF. BO. 139 FOR ROBE COHPLETE DEFINITION.>
HEAR ■ 0.22 STABDABD DEVIATION - 0.75
NO OCCOBRBNCE OF BAB IB 3-TEAH PERIOD. HAB OCCOBBED IB 1 TEAB OF 3-TEAB PBBIOD. BAB OCCOBBED IB 2 TEABS OF 3-TEAB PEBIOD. BAB OCCOBBED IB ALL 3 TEABS OF 3-TBAB PEBIOD.
NA
TAB 0001 BEF 0001 DATA SET ID-*7531* BAHE-STODT NUHBEB-7531 BO HISSING DATA CODBS
LOC 1 BIDTH 4 DK 4 COL 1- 4
ICPB STDDT «7531
76 0.
1 1.
1 2.
5 3.
1 DIHEISIOMS Of COIFLICT BSH&VIOB PIGB 90
•«• DK 4 COL 5
VÄB 0002 HÄBE-BSS COOHTBT CODE
LOC 5 BIDTH 3
BEF 0002 HD=GE 999
DK 4 COL
DiTA SET ID-«7531»
6- 8
rUSSBTT, SIHIEH, SHALL COOBTBY CODE
<THIS IDEBTIPICATIOB YABIABI.E IS REPEATED FOB EACH DECK WHSI. DATA ABE BOT IB OSIBIS FORHAT. SEE BEF. HO. 2 OF DECK 1 FOB A COBPLBTE LISTIBG OF THE COOHTBT CODE.>
o TAB 0147 HAHE-THOOP HOTBHEHTS-FS5 LOC 216 BIDTH 1
BBF 0147 HD=GE 9
DK
DATA SET ID-»7531«
4 COL 9
NUHBEB OF TBOOP HOVEHEHTS-F03EIGN, 1955
o
TBOOP HOVEflEHT: AHT BAPID HOTEHBHT TO OB HASSIB6 OF LABGB BODIES OF TBOOPS. NAVAL OBITS OB AIB SQQADBOHS IH A PABTICOLAB ABBA FOB THE POBPOSB OF DBTEBBIN6 TBE HILITABT ACTIOB OF AHOTHEI BATIOH# GAIBIHG COHCESSIOBS OB AS A SHOW OF STBEHGTH. SUCH ROTEHEHT HAT TAKE PLACE HITHIH A BATIOB OB TO OB BETHEEN OTEBSEAS BASES OB POSITIONS, A TBOOP HOTEHEHT OCCOBBBO DUBIBG OCTOBEB 19-24, 1956, «HEN SOTIET ABHOBED OBITS HOVED INTO POLAND, SOTIET TBOOPS HOTED TO THE EAST GEBHAH BOBDEB WITH POLAND AND TBO SOTIET CBUISERS STATIONED TBEHSELTES OFF DABZI6 BABBOB.
TROOP HO?EHE(iT: ART RAPID HOVBHBNT OP LARGE BODIES OP TROOPS, RAVAL UNITS OR AIR SQUADRONS TO A PARTICULAR AREA POR TBB PURPOSE OP DETERRING THE HILITART ACTION OP ANOTHER COONTRT, GAINING CONCESSIONS OR AS A SHOR OP STRENGTH.
VAR 0149 REP 0149 DATA SET ID-«7531« HAHE-TROOP HOVBHENTS-P57 HD=GE 9
LOC 218 RIDTH 1 DK 4 COL 11
NUMBER OP TROOP HOVEHENTS-FOHEIGH, 1957
C
I
TROOP HOVBHBHT: ANT RAPID HOVEHENT OP LARGE BODIES OP TROOPS, NAVAL UNITS OR AIR SQUADRONS TO t PARTICULAR AREA POR THE PURPOSE OF DETERRING THE HILITART ACTION OP ANOTHER COUNTRY, GAIRTNG COHCBSSIOHS OR AS A SHOR OP STREHGTH.
<SEE REF. HO. 147 POR BORE COHPLETE DEFINITIONS
HEAR - 0.05 STAHDARD DEVIATION • 0.22
73 0. 0 TROOP BOVEHENTS 4 1. 1 TROOP BOVEBENT
9 9. HA
VAR 0150 REP 0150 DATA SET ID-*7531* NABB-TROOP MOVEHENTS-F55-57 HD=GE 9
LOC 219 NIDTB 1 DK 4 COL 17
NUHBBR OF TROOP ROVEHEHTS-FOREIGN, 1955-57
■wpipTOI
DIHEISIOHS OP COHPLICT BEH1VI0B PAGE 92
(COHTIIUED)
TBOOP nO?EP1EHT: AKT RAPID HOTEBBNT OP LARGE BODIES OP TROOPS, BATAL OBITS OB AIB SQOADBOBS TO A PARTICULAR AREA POB THE PURPOSE OP DETEBBIBG THE BILITABT ACTION OP ABOTHEB COOMTBT, 6AIBIBG CONCESSIONS OB AS A SHOB OP STRENGTH.
TBOOP BOVEBEBT: ABY BiPID BOTEBEBT OP LABGE BODIES OP TROOPS, BATAL OBITS OB AIB SOOAIBOBS TO A PABTICOLAB ABBA POB TBB PURPOSE OP DETERRING TBE KILITABT ACTION OP ANOTHER COUNTRY, GAIBING COBCBSSIOBS OB AS A SHOB OP STBEBGTH.
¥il 0152 RBF 0152 DATA SET ID-,7531» MiHE-THOOP HOTEHBIITS-F59 aD=GE 9
LOG 222 WIDTH 1 DK « COL 15
NUHBBB OF TBOOP H07EMEHT5-PCBEIGN, 1959
r
TBOOP HOVEBEBT: AHT RAPID HOfEBBBT OF LARGE BODIES OF TROOPS, HA?AL OBITS OR AIR SQOADROBS TO A PARTICULAR AREA FOR THE P0RPOSE OF DETERRING THE HILITART ACTION OF ANOTHER COONTBT« GAINING CONCESSIONS OR AS A SHOI OF STRENGTH.
VAR 0153 REF 0153 DATA SET ID-•7531• NAHE-TROOP HOVEHERTS-F60 HD=GE 9
LOC 223 HIDTH 1 DK ft COL 16
<
HUHBER OF TBOOP HOTEHBNTS-FOREIGN, 1960
TROOP HOVEHENT: ANY RAPID HOVEBEBT OF LARGP BODIES OF TROO?S# BAVAL OBITS OR AIR SQUADRONS TO A PARTICULAR AREA FOR THE PURPOSE OF DETERRIHC THE BILITABT ACTION OF ANOTHER COUNTRT, GAINING CONCESSIONS OR AS A SBOH OF STRENGTH.
<SEE REF. NO. 147 FOR HÖRE COHPLETE DEFINITIONS
HEAN ■ 0.13 STANDARD DEVIATION = 0.54
76 0. 0 TROOP HOVEHENTS 5 1. 1 TROOP HOVEBEBT 1 2. 2 TROOP HOVEHENTS 1 ft. ft TROOP HOVEHENTS
3 9. NA
I IIIIWMM
DIHEHSIOHS OP COIPLICT BBHAflOB PAGE 94
TAR 0154 BEP 0154 DATA SET ID-'TSai« IAHB-TBOOP BOYEHEHTS-P58-60 HD=GE 99
LOC 224 BIDTH 2 DK 4 COL 17-18
HDHBEB OP TROOt- HOTEHEMTS-POBEIGB, 1958-60
o
o
TBOOP HOTEHEBT: ABT BAPID HOVEBEBT OP LARGE BODIES OP TROOPS, HA'AL OBITS OB AIB SQOADBOBS TO A PARTICULAR ABBA POB THE PUBPOSE OP DETERRING THE HILITABT ACTIOB OP ABOTBEB COOHTRI, GAIMIBG COHCESSIGNS OB AS A SHOB CP STBEBGTH.
BAHE-HOBILIZATIOBS-P55 HD=GE 9 LOC 226 BIDTH 1 DK 4 COL 19
BOHBEB OP HOBILIZATIOBS-POBEIGB» 1955
62 00. 0 12 01. 1
02. 2 03. 3 04. 4 06. 6 20. 2
HOBILIZATIOH: ABT BAPID IBCBEASE IB BILITABT STBEBGTH THBOOGH THE CALLIHG OP OP BBSBBVES, THE ACTITATIOH OP ADDITIOBAL HILITABT OBITS OB THE DE-HOTHBALLIBG OP HILITABT BQOIPHEBT, BHICH IS OIBECTED AT ABOTBEB COUBTBT (OB GBOOP OP COOBTBIES). A BAPID IBCBEASE HHICH IS DOE TO A CHABGE IB POLICT COHSEQUEHT OB THE CHANGE OP GOVEBMHEBTS IS BOT COOBTED. THE DECLABATIOB OP A STATE OP EHEBGEBCT BITB BESPECT TO ABOTBEB COOBTBT IS CATEGORIZED AS HOBI- LIZATIOH. AH EXAHPLE OP HOBILIZATIOB IS THE GENERAL ACTITA- TIOB OP THE BirABAGOAN BESEBTES BT PBBSIDEBTIAL OBDEB OB BAT 1, 5957, BITB BESPECT TO A DISPUTE BITB HOHDOBAS.
HEAB ■ 0.01 STABDABD DETIATION ■ 0.11
-— . -_,._-. ■ ■»■ M, mmm-m V nM MI,..»!— MJWIHW ■ I ■ . " '■ ■"-■ ■ nMJPpwm^
DIBEHSIOIS OP COMPLICT BBH1TI0B
(COITIIOED)
76 1
0. 0 HOBILIZITIOMS 1. 1 BOBILIXATIOM
9. Bi
PAGB 95
VAB 0156 MAHE-MOBILIZATIONS-F56
LOC 227 BIDTH 1
;
(
BEP 0156 MD=GB 9
DK « COL 20
DATA SET ID-»7531»
70 7
BUBBEB OF B0BILIZATI0BS-P0BEI6B, 1956
BOBILIZATIOB: ABT BAPID IBCBBASB IB BILITABT STBEBGTB THBO0GB THE CALLIB6 U? OP BESEBTBS, ACTIfATIOB OP ADDI- TIOBAL BILITABT OBITS OB TBB DE-HOTHBALLIMG OP BILITABT BQOIPBEBT.
<SEE BBF. BO. 155 FOB BOBE COHPLETB DEPIBITI0B.>
BEAB • 0.09 STABDABD DEVIATION • 0.29
0. 0 HOBILIZATIOBS 1. 1 BOBILIZATIOB
9. MA
( VAB 0157
HAME-BOBILIZÄTIONS-F57 LOC 228 BIDTB 1
BBF 0157 HD=GE 9
DK 4 COL 21
DATA SET ID-•7531«
75 2
BUBBBB OF BOBILIZATIOBS-FOBBIGB, 1957
BOBILIZATIOB: ABT BAPID IBCBEASE IB BILITABT STBEBGTB THBOOGB TBE CALLIBG OP OP BESEBTBS, ACTIVATIOB OF ADDI- TIOBAL BILITA?! OBITS OB TBE DE-BOTHBALLIBG OP BILITABT BQOIPBEBT.
HOBILIZATIOH: AHT BAPID INCBEASB II HILITABT STBERGTB THBOUGH THE CALLII6 OP OF BESERVES, ACTITATION OF ÄDDI- TIOMAL HILITABT OHITS OB THE DE-HOTHBALLIHG OF HILITABT EQUIPHEIT.
HOBILIZATIOH: AHT BAPID IHCBEASE IN HILITABT STBEBGTH THBOOGH THE CALLIHG OP OF BESEBTES, ACTIVATION OF ADDI- TIONAL HILITABT OHITS OB THE DE-HOTBBALLIHG OF HILITABT EQOIPHBHT.
HOBILIZATIOH: AMT BAPID IICBBASB IB HILITABV STBERGTH THBOOGH TBB CALLIBG OP OP BBSBBfBS» ACTIVATIOB OP ADDI- TIONAL BILITABT OBITS OB THE OB-HOTRBALLIBG OP MILITARY EQOIPHBMT.
<SBB BEP. MO. 155 FOR BOBE CORPLETE DEPIMITI0M.>
BEAM ■ 0.01 STAMDABD DEPIATIOM ■ 0.11
0. 0 BOBILIXATIOMS 1. 1 MOBILIEATIOM
9. MA
TAB 0161 MABE-BOBILIZATIOMS-P60
LOC 232 IIDTH 1
BEP 0161 HD=GE 9
DK « COL 25
DATA SET ID-•7531«
82 1
MUMBEB OP HOBILIZ>TI0MS-P0RBI6M# 1960
HOBILIZATIOM: AMT BAPID IMCBEASE IB MILITARY STRENGTH TBBOOGH TEE CALLIBG OP OP BESBBYES, ACTITATIOB OP ADDI- TIONAL MILITARY OMITS OB THE DB-H0TBBALLIN6 OP MILITARY BQOIPBEMT.
<SEB BEP. NO. 155 POR BOBE COBPLETE DEFINITIONS
BBAB * 0.02 STABDABD DETIATIOB ■ 0.22
0. 0 MOBILIZATIONS 2. 2 MOBILIZATIONS
9. NA
■ ■
"- ■ ■
DIHBHSIOaS OF COIPLICT BBBAflOB PAGE 98
TAB 0162 BBF 0162 DATA SET ID-'7531* BAflB-flOBILIZATIOBS-P58-60 HD=GE 9
LOG 233 BIDTB 1 OR « COL 26
BOBBBB OF BOBILISATIOBS-FOBBIGB, 1958-60
o
BOBILIZATIOB: ANT BAPID IRCBEASE IM BILITABT STRENGTH TBB006B THE CALLING OP OF RESEBTES, ACTITATIOR OF ADDI- TIOBAL BILITABT OMITS OR THE DE-HOTHBALLIMG OF BILITABT EQOIPRBBT.
MAHE-ACC0SATIOHS-F55 HD=GE 99 LOC 234 BIDTB 2 DK 4 COL 27-28
o MOBBEB OF ACCÖSATIOMS-FOREIGN, 1955
ACCOSATIOM: ABT OFFICIAL DIPLOHATIC OB GOTEBMHENTAL STATBBBBT BT THE EZECOTITE LEADEBS OF A CODBTBT BHICH HAKES A CBABGE OB ALLE6ATI0B AGAINST ANOTHEB COORTRT (OB GBOOP OF CO0BTBIES). OEBONCIATIONS ABB INCLODED, AS ABE DEBOGATOBT STATEHEBTS ABO0T THE CHABACTEB OF ANOTHER NATION, ITS PEOPLE OB LEADEBS. EDITORIALS CONTAINING S0CH ACCDSATIOBS APPEABIBG IB THE LEADING GOTEBNHENT NENSPAPEBS OF TOTALITARIAN CO0NTBIES ABB COOBTED. AB EXAHPLE OF AB ACCOSATIOB IS TBHBN'S SEPTBHBEB 17, 1957, CHAB6E AGAIBST EBGLABD THAT SHE HAD ATTACKED SEVERAL TEHEN TOBNS.
TAB 0171 BEP 0171 DATA SET ID-,7531« HAHE-t KILLED-P55 t BD=GE 999
LOC 252 WIDTH 3 DK 4 COL 45-47
HOHBBB KILLED IH POBEIGH VIOLENCE-FOHEIGH, 1955
POBEIGH RILLED: THIS IS THE TOTAL HOBBEB OP PEBSOHS KILLED AS A DIBECT COHSEQOEHCE OP ANT POBEIGH VIOLEHCB IH WHICH THE COOHTBI IS IHTOLVED. IP TEBEH AND THE UHITED KIHGDOH, POB EZAHPLE, ABE IHTOLVED IH HILITABT ACTION AGAINST EACH OTHEJ», AHD THE TOTAL HOHBEB KILLED IM THE ACTIOH IS 1,000, THEH THE VALUE OH THE HOHBEB OP KILLED IH POUEIGH VIOLENCE POB EACH COOHTBT IS 1,000. DEATHS BESOL- TIHG PBOH COLOHIAL VIOLEHCB ABE BOT COUHTED.
MEAN ■ 20.16 STAHDABD DEVIATION ■ 80.01
I III U I IIII.MW I I II 111 II ■! I ■
DIHEISIOIS OP COIPLICT BEHITIOB PAGE 103 I VAB 0169
■AHB-iCC0SATIOMS-P60 LOC 247 BIDTH 2
BEP 0169 HD»6E 99
DK 4 COl 40-1)1
DATA SET ID-»7531»
MUHBEB OP ACCUSA'fIOBS-POBEIGH# 1960
ACCOSATIOH: ART OPPICIAL DIPLOMATIC OB 60VEBNHEHTAL STATEHBPT IBTOLVING CHARGES ABO ALLBGATIOBS OP A DEBOGA TOBI BATUBE AGAIBST ABOTHEB COOBTB*.
FOBEIGH KILLED: THIS IS THE TOTAL HUHBEB OF PEBSOHS KILLED AS A DIRECT CONSEQUENCE OF ANT FOBEIGH VIOLENCE IH WHICH THE COUHTBT IS INVOLVED. IF TEHEN AND THE UHITED KIHGDOH, FOR EZAHPLE, ARE IHTOLVED IH HILITART ACTIOH AGAIHST EACH OTHER, AHD THE TOTAL HUHBEB KILLED IH THE ACTIOH IS 1,000, THEH THE VALUE OH THE HUHBEB OF KILLED IH FOBEIGH VIOLENCE FOR EACH COUHTBT IS 1,000. DEATHS BBSUL- TIHG FBOH COLONIAL VIOLENCE ABE HOT COUHTED.
«ATHEB THAB AB EIACT PIGUBE-E.G., 30-40 DEAD, THE HIDPOIBT OP THE BABGE (BOOBDED OP) MAS USED.
MHEB THE BOHBEB OP DEATHS BAS GITEB, IB THE DATA SOOBCE, POB A PERIOD OP TIRE MHICH SPABM7D TWO TEABS-E.G., 90 DEATHS PBOH SBPTEHBEB» 1958, THBOOGH PEBBOABT, 1959, THE HUHBEB GITEB BAS DITIDED BETIEEB THE THO TEABS PBOPOBTIOIALLI.
TAB 0177 BAHE-* KILLED-P60
LOC 271 WIDTH 3
BEP 0177 H0«GE 999
DK 4 COL 64-66
DATA SET ID-»7531»
BOBBBB KILLED IB POBEIGB TIOLEBCB-POBEIGB, 1960
mm
DIHEISIOIS OP COIPLICT BBHIflOB PAGE 107
(COMTIHOED)
2
9
13350. 13350 KILLED IE POREIGR TIOIESCE
99999. BA
TAB 0175 HAHI f KILLED-P58
LOG 267 BIDTB 2
REP 0175 HD=GE 99
DK « COL 60-61
DATA SET ID-»7531»
O
o
62 2 3 2 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 1 1 2
■UMBER KILLED IB POREIGR VIOLERCE-POREIGH, 1958
POBEIGB KILLED: THE TOTAL RUBBER OP DEATHS BESULTIHG DIRBCTLT PBOB ART TIOLERT IRTEBCRARGE BETBEER COURTRIES.
<SEE BBP. BO. 171 POR BORE COHPLBTE 0EPIBITIOB.>
BBAB ■ 4.25 STAHDABD DBTIATIOH ■ 11.96
00. 0 KILLED IR POBEIGB TIOLEHCE 02. 2 KILLBD IR POREIGR TIOLEHCE 03. 3 KILLED IR POREIGR TIOLEHCE 05. 5 KILLBD IR POBEIGB TIOLEHCE 06. 6 riLLEL IR POBEIGB TIOLERCE 07. 7 KILLBD IR POREIGR TIOLEHCE 08. 8 KILLBD IR POBEIGB TIOLBBCB 11. 11 KILLBD IB POBEIGB TIOLBBCB 12. 12 KILLED IB POBEIGB TIOLBBCB 20. 20 KILLED IH POREIGB TIOLEHCE 22. 22 KILLED IB POBEIGB TIOLERCE 23. 23 KILLED IH POBEIGB TIOLEHCE 34. 34 KILLBD IB POBEIGB TIOLBBCB 68. 68 KILLED IB POBEIGB TIOLEHCE
99. HA
HCTE * BHBB A RARGE HAS GITER IH THE DATA SOURCE,
BATHER THAR AH EXACT PIGUBE-B.6., 30-40 DEAD, THE HIDPOIHT OP THE BABGB (BOUBDED OP) HAS USED.
HHBB THE BDHBER OP DEATHS HAS GITEB# IB THE DATA SOURCE, POB A PBBIOD OP TIBE HBICH SPARRED TRO TEABS-E.G., 90 DEATHS PBOR SBPTBHBEBV 1958, THROUGH PEBBUABT, 1959, TRE HUHBER 6XTBH HAS DITIDBD BBTREEH THE TBO TEABS PBOPOBTIOBALLI.
OIHBISIOIS OP COIPLICT BBRAVIOK PAGE 109
(COITIIOBD)
P0BBI6H KILLED: THB TOTAL ROBBER OP DEATHS BESOLTIRG OIBBCTLT PROH ART TIOLBRT IRTEBCRAR6B BETREEB COORTRIES.
0 KILLED IR P0REI6R VIOLERCE 1 KILLED II P0RRI6R TIOLERCB 2 KILLED IM POBBIGH VIOLERCE 17 KILLED IR POREIGR TIOLERCB 20 KILLED IR POREIGR TIOLERCB 25 KILLED IR POREIGR TIOLERCB 27 KILLED IR POREIGB TIOLEBCE 28 KILLED IR POREIGR flOLERCE 31 KILLED IR POREIGR TIOLERCB 32 KILLED IR POREIGR TIOLERCB 43 KILLED IR POREIGR TIOLERCB 100 KILLED IR POREIGR VIOLERCE 102 KILLED IR POREIGR TIOLERCB
C
999. RA
ROTE: RHER A RARGE RAS GITER IR THE DATA SOURCE»
RATHER THAR AR EXACT PIGORE-E.G.# 30-40 DEAD, THE HIDPOIRT OP THB RARGE (ROORDED OP) RAS OSED.
RHER THE BOHBEB OP DEATHS RAS GIVER, IR THE DATA SOURCE, POR A PERIOD OP TIHE RHICH SPARRED TRO TEABS-E.G., 90 DEATHS PROH SBPTEBBEU, 1958, THBOOGH PBBBOART, 1959, THB ROBBER GIVEB RAS DIVIDED BBTREER THE TRO TEARS PROPORTIORALLT.
VAR 0178 RABE-« KILLED-P58-60
LOC 274 RIDTH 3
REP 0178 RD«GE 999
DK 4 COL 67-69
DATA SET ID-«7531»
ROHBER KILLED IR POREIGR VIOLERCE-POREIGR, 1958-60
POREIGR KILLED: THE TOTAL ROHBER OP DEATHS RESOLTIRG DIRECTLY PROB ART TIOLERT IRTERCBARGE BETREER COOHTRIES.
<SEB RRP. RO. 171 POR HOHE COHPLETE DEPIRITIOR.>
■ '■■■«■■
DIHBiSIOHS OF COMPLICT BBHATIOK PAGB 110
(COITIVOBO)
HBAI * 13.98 STIHDIBD DEfl&TIOH « 26.70
43 7
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000. 0 KILLED II POBBIGI TIOLBNCE 001. 1 KILLED IB FOBBIGI 7I0LERCE 002. 2 KILLED IM FOBBIGI TIOLEHCE 003. 3 KILLED II FOBBIGI VIOLENCE 00«. « KILLED II FOBBIGI TIOLEHCE 005. 5 KILLED II FOBBIGI 7I0LBICE 007. 7 KILLED II FOBBIGI VIOLENCE 008. 8 KILLED II FOBBIGI VIOLENCE 009. 9 KILLED II FOBBIGI VIOLENCE 010. 10 KILLED II FOBBIGI VIOLENCE 012. 12 KILLED II FOBBIGI VIOLENCE 015. 15 KILLED II FOBBIGI VIOLENCE 017. 17 KILLED II FOBBIGI VIOLENCE 018. 18 KILLED II FOBBIGI VIOLENCE 019. 19 KILLED IN FOBBIGI VIOLENCE 020. 20 KILLED II FOBBIGI VIOLENCE 029. 29 KILLED II FOBBIGI VIOLENCE 035. 35 KILLED II FOBBIGI VIOLENCE 036. 36 KILLED II FOBBIGI VIOLENCE 039. 39 KILLED II FOBBIGI VIOLENCE 0<M. «1 KILLED II FOBBIGI VIOLENCE 053. 53 KILLED IN FOBEIGN VIOLENCE 057. 57 KILLED II FOBBIGI VIOLENCE 064. 6« KILLED II FOBBIGB VIOLENCE 068. 68 KILLED II FOBBIGI VIOLENCE 08«. 8« KILLED II FOBBIGI VIOLENCE 091. 91 KILLED II FOBBIGI VIOLENCE 101. 101 KILLED II FOBBIGI VIOLENCE 133. 133 KILLED II FOBBIGI VIOLEICB
999. BA
BOTE: IBBI A BAIGE IAS GIVEI II THE DATA SOOBCE,
BATBBB TBAB Al EXACT FIGUBE-B.G., 30-40 DEAD, TBB IIDPOIIT OF TBB BAIGB (BOOIDED OP) IAS USED.
NHBI TBB HORBBB OF DEATHS IAS GIVEI, II THE DATA SOOBCE, FOB A PBBIOD OP TUB NHICH SPAIIED TIO TEABS-E.G., 90 DEATHS PBOB SEPTEMBER, 1958, THROUGH FEBBOABT, 1959, THE IOHBBB GIVEN IAS DIVIDED BETIEBI THE TIO TBABS PBOPOBTIOIALLI.
...'
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NEW MODES OF SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATION: THE ICFP EXPERIENCE
WITH DATA CONFRONTATION SEMINARS
By
Lawrence E. Peterson Dennis K. Benson Daniel G. Youra Donald J. Munton
BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES LABORATORY DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE
THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY MERSHON CENTER THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY RESEARCH FOUNDATION
Prepared for the Panel on "Emerging Data Sources" at the Annual Meeting of the International Studies Association, San Ju&n, Puerto Rico
March 1971
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DATA CONFRONTATION SEMINARS: THE ICFP EXPERIENCE1
Intrcduotion. Rokkan (1969) defines a data confrontation seminar
(DCS) as the "intensified interaction of joint analysis" among a group
of scholars confronting a well-cefined data set. As such, it differs
from traditional professional meeting in that in addition to discussion
of research activities with onö's colleagues, the scholar involves himself
In the "doing" of research. It also differs from most*traditional modes
of research in that much of the data analysis is undertaken in an inter-
active man-computer environment tliat generates immediate feedback to
participants regarding the empirical questions that are raised during
the course of the seminar. As such, the data confrontation seminar
emerges as an innovative methodological device in the social sciences.
' The DCS creates a dynamic environment in which scholars perform
directed research tasks with the environment designed to expedite and
facilitate the confrontation of both data and one's colleagues with the
purpose of developing knowledge in the particular substantive area under
Investigation. In addition, the DCS me ^ can contribute to the under-
standing of new analytic methodologies as wen as to an awareness of the
problems with existing data bases and the areas in which new data are
,The Inter-University Comparative Foreign Policy Project Data Confrontation Seminar held at The Ohio State University during August, 1970 provided the material for this paper'. Expenses for the ICFP/DCS were partially defrayed by support from The Ohio State University's Behavioral Sciences Laboratory, The Mershon Center through its Cross-national Policy Research Program, and the Voluntary International Coordination Project of the University of Michigan's Institute for Social Research. Data v/ere generously provided by the International Relations Archive of the Inter-University Consortium for Political Research, the Project CAPE Archive of the Behavioral Sciences Laboratory, and by the Polimetrics Laboratory of The Ohio .State University Department of Political Scienc»-.
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■ IM iiiiBuiMin iJ ii nw-i^Pfw-^^mwwpiiP^pBwwwwf^J"1»" i> - ■■«■»■ IMI i tiwvi^mw^m^m^mmmm
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needed. Finally, the DCS method facilitates the planning of cumulative I
research strategies.
The Inter-University Comparative Foreign Policy Project (ICFP) is
an on-going project that seeks to draw together scholars with a common
Interest in the quantitative analysis of foreign policy behavior (Rosenau,
Burgess, and Hermann, 1970). The Data Confrontation Seminar represented
tho culmination of three years of continuing collaboration among the
members of a group originally organized and chaired by James N. Rosenau.
The ICFP/DCS, while only moderately successful in yielding bcth substantive
and methodological advances, surfaced a number of problems as well as
advantages associated with the DCS method. This paper addresses itself
to the identification of the major problems and suggests possible solutions
that could be implemented in future designs for Data Confrontation Seminars.
It concludes with a brief evaluation of the DCS as a new methodology in the
study of International relations.
The essence of any DCS is the interaction between participants and
data facilitated by a support module comprised of a technical support
staff, hardware, software, and peripheral equipment. The interface
between the participants and data, and participants and support gives
rise to problems whose solutions determine the success of any DCS.
Although the name DCS implies that data occupy a central role in the
confrontation enterprise, the participants must be the focus of all
operational activity. Indeed, the yield from data confrontation is best
measured in terms of colleague confrontation that leads to greater under-
standing and insight than other forms of intp action.
3fl
The crUlcal problems of systems interface and organizational inter- l
face are the major topics discussed in this paper. Systems interface
problems involve those questions concerning the development of an operating
system nea.isary to facilitate participant acces-; to and analysis of the
data sets. Organizational interface problems arise from the need for an
organizational infra-structure'capable of supporting intense interaction
over a prolonged time period.
Theoretically, there may be four variants of the DCS method as shown
In this matrix:
Common Data Set Multiple Data Sets
Common
Paradigm
Comparative State
Election Project
Inter-University Comparative
Foreign Policy Project
Multiple
Paradigms
ICPR-UNESCO
(Rokkan)
o While Rokkan (1969) evaluates the DCS method in terms of a seminar based
on a select data set, ecological data, this paper reports organizational
and systems insights into a DCS based on a single theoretical construct,
the Rosenau (1966) pre-theory of comparative foreign policy.2 In the
latter case, the data confronted were not limited; instead, a large data
base was assembled, and within the common theoretic?! framev/ork each
scholar implemented his own research design. This distinction is made
'Rokkan concluded that while the seminar was successful, the data had not sufficiently been digested to allow direct comparison» between the ten nations. The majority of effort was directed at the exploration of data sets within each country as opposed to the cross-national analysis of ecological data.
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explicit since some of the systems problems and their suggested solutions
Identified In the body of this paper reference the second format and may
or may not have a direct bearing on the first seminar format (Clubb, 1969).
However, the major organizational problems surfaced In this paper will
have a bearing on the operations of a DCS regardless of whether the
effort Is organized around a common problem, a single data set, a
common Interest, or a common theoretical framework.
The Organizational Interface. The data .confrontation seminar surfaces
the organizational requirement Inherent In any research seminar. Involved
• In this area of planning are the numerous Interface problems between the
participants (See Appendix 2) and the support module. A planning committee
should be established at least 12 months before the seminar Is scheduled
to begin, so that p-oblems may be anticipated with sufficient lead time
to design alternative solutions.
Organlzatior.al concerns for the DCS actually entailed work in two
broad areas: (1) the research and environmental support necessary at the
( Behavioral Sciences Laboratory, and (2) the broad social and personal
support necessary outside of the Laboratory. This section will deal only
with the organizational support problems arising in the actual data
confrontation at the Behavioral Sciences Laboratory.
Pre-Seminar OraanizaUon and Tasks. The first task should be to fill ■ ^ - —
the seminar directorate positions. Two people should be in charge of the
data base preparation activities and tv/o for the overall administration of
the conference. These activities should be coordinated by a DCS Director.
During the initial week of planning, there should be two-hour-a-day sessions
with the DCS staff to make basic decisions regarding the conference format
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and participant support (such as housirv-, who to invite, agenda, staff
size, special equipment, etc.). From these meetings, each functional
group should gather enough ideas to proceed with their respective
operations. Note that careful records o^ all planning decisions should
be kept throughout the planning stages. These documented decisions can
be referenced should problems Occur before or during the conference or
should this information be needed when evaluating the conference. Once
preparation is begun, all persons with planning responsibilities should
meet once a week for progress reports and additional task assignments
with additional meetings as are dictated by problems as they arise.
After invitations to the DCS have been extended and responded to,
certain information vital to adequate organization must be obtained from
the participants. From experience, it is strongly suggested that this
Initial questionnaire be constructed very carefully to gather as much
Information as may conceivably be used. A v/ell-formulated questionnaire
it this stage of the preparation will eliminate additional mailings.and
accompanying delays before the needed information is received. (For an
example of such a questionnaire, see" Appendix 1.) One underlying purpose
of the questionnaire is to provide a basis for evaluating expenses
participants might incur and hence provide data for preliminary budget
matters.
Throughout the pre-semina.' preparation, an overall guiding prtcept
was the desire to create a "low noise" special operating environment for
the seminar. Most of the major decisions and many of the minor ones were
made with this purpose in mind. Such an environment had to be conducive
to congenial interpersonal relations and efficient interactive research.
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Therefore, the participants did not have to worry about supplies,
.social interaction, administrative delays, submitting computer runs, etc.
A system for efficient execution of tasks needed to be in full operation
well before the seminar started. This environment had to possess a
high feedback clement so that it was capable of adjusting to sudden
_Jieayy loads, to unanticipated demands for service, and to emerging,
unanticipated needs arising from the progress of the research. Contingency
planning and the establishment of system monitoring routines, hence, * «i
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take on additional importance in establishing and maintaining this
operational environment.
In the advance planning stages, careful thought was q'ven to the
construction of organizational routines so that normal institutional
activities would not be entirely superseded by the huge workload of the
DCS. The basic problem was to isolate those types of activities that
would be recurrent, i.e., which the participants would be performing more
than once or twice. The result of this was that four main classes of
activities were seen as being Important (and potentially disruptive)
enough to formulate special routines* to handle them. These classes were:
(a) typing; (b) computer job submittal/retrevial; (c) information dis-
semination; and (d) secondary tasks including, among other things,
mailing, duplicating, and library research.
Standard Behavioral Sciences Laboratory operating procedure requires
that all typing requests submitted to the secretaries be accompanied by a
color-coded (i.e., pink) typing order form (See Appendix 1). This form,
when properly filled out, provides the secretaries with all the special
instructions they need to type that paper. While it was decided to adopt
this form for conference use, it was also decided that a supplementary
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form which clearly identified DCS requests would prove valuable. Therefore,
the yellow DCS manuscript form (Appendix 1) was designed, not only for easy
Identification but also for addition of other information deemed relevant
for maintaining the required dynamic environment (i.e., time the document
was submitted, typed, and disseminated was required so that backlog was
noted in DCS documents and steps could be taken to eleviate said backlog.
The form ?lso was seen as valuable to the seminar evaluation and recom-
mendations for changes could be documented.)-, «
The submittal and retrieval of computer jobs necessitated a further
adaptation of normal laboratory procedure. Although an ad hoc messenger
system, whereby errands were run when necessary by undergraduate employees
of the Laboratory, was more or less in operation, a more formalized procedure
was seen as necessary for the conference. A computer submittal card was
designed (Appendix 1) which the participant had to fill out and place
with his computer Job in a designated pick-up area. The undergraduate
staff members were assigned the duty of computer messenger for certain
days of the month. Their job would be to submit these jobs and pick
them up at set times during each day.
The information dissemination system for seminar-generated materials
was seen as being a vital part of a dynamic DCS. It was felt that intra-
seminar communication for the ICFP/DCS should be organized around a
special mimeographed form with "ICFP/DCS MEMO" as a heading, and informa-
tion on sender, recipient, and date down the side. The use of yellow paper
would indicate the fact that the communication concerned DCS business and
should be noted by all participants immediately. Mailboxes were assigned
to all participants and staff so that distribution act-ivities could be
centralized and be accomplished quickly with a minkum of effort and confusion,
11 ■'■ ■
oft
The major secondary tasks were seen as necessitating only minor
changes in the existing routines. The duplication and dissemination of
conference materials, both before and, more importantly, during the
seminar, had to be quick, efficient, and inexpensive.' For duplication
of most materials generated during the seminar, ditto masters were seen
as being more expeoient and less costly fhan either mimeographing or *
photocopying. This resulted in very inexpensive duplication copies
which were very readable, a short duplication time, and the ability to
run off a number of extra copies at minimal cost. Requests for duplication
f could be made on the existing typing order.
There were also provisions on the typing form to handle requests for
mailing. The standard BSL Work Order (Appendix 1) was seen as sufficient
to handle any other requests by the participants for miscellaneous jobs.
Requests for library materials were seen as a possible major Lcttle-
neck. In anticipation of this, two steps were taken. First, a library
request form (Appendix 1) was designed for participants to submit their
requests on. Second, the messenger system was expanded so that one other
Q^ staff member would be responsible on. assigned days to handle all out-of-lab
errands, Including fulfilling library requests.
Having anticipated the major operational problems, thought turned
toward the composition and assignment of staff. A general staff organiza-
tion hierarchy was subsequently drawn up with- lines of authority and
responsibility clearly stated. The main concern was that tne participants,
as well as everyone else In the Laboratory, should have only one or two
people to whom they should carry their work requests or problems. The
role of the BSL research coordinator v/as expanded to serve as liaison
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between the staff and participants and was supported by a newly created
position of trouble-shooter. The research coordinator was seen as
handling all requests for any type of work plus normal problems not con-
cerning the data base or analysis procedures. The trouble-shooter was
designated as being responsible for fielding all questions and problems
regarding the data activities Of the seminar. He could resolve the
difficulty himself or refer the pirticipant to the proper staff member
able to solve the problem. A complete Organizational Chart is presented
In Appendix 2.
This organizational framework was seen as being the best able to handle
the workload as efficiently as possible and minimizing to the greatest degree
possible any confusion that might arise In the system.
Sminar Operation. If sufficient staff is a nece-sary prerequisite in
the pre-semlnar stages of a data confrontation seminar, It is an absolutely
essential factor when the seminar Is In progress. In addition to operational
staff, there must be an adequate clerical staff to handle the additional
seminar load. During the entire ICFP sa.inar a backlog of more than one day
In typing was rare, mainly due to the fact that tho clerical staff was
enlarged so that It consisted of four full-time secretaries for 12 partici-
pants. In addition, If needed, «ever?.^ of the staff members, as well as the
receptionist, were able to assist In the typing.
Because tome papers submitted for typing were of a mathematical nature,
equipping one of our typewriters with mathematical symbols proved to be very
useful. Participants should be urged to bring a sufficient number of copies
of any papers previously prepared for distribution during the seminar. Since
additional photocopying of papers is often necessary, however, the use of a
good copier or reproducer should be arranged. Care should be taken to
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ensure that there are sufficient file copies of all materials, particu-
larly papers and substantive memoranda, to meet any short-run future
need. When visitor? arrived, sometimes unexpectedly, it was possible to
provide them with the important materials generated to date with a minimum
of effort and expense.
Related to the seminar communication process discussed in the last
section, there should be a parallel evaluation process', that is, gathering
material for the post-seminar evaluation. /V chronological master file of
all DCS communications prior to as well as during the seminar was kept.
This master file contained not only communication between participants but
also communicatipns between staff and participants as well as between staff
members themselves. Participants and staff members were encouraged to
submit their personal evaluations as to particular problems or overall
organization in written form to the file at any time during the seminar
as well as at its conclusion. The master file serves as a record of seminar
activities (and as such should include minutes of all sessions) as well as
problems on which subsequent changes or modifications in the DCS format
can be based.
Note that all of these seminar procedures are concerned essentially
with one problem—the problem of maintaining a highly responsive environment.
The nature of a data confrontation seminar requires that the working environ-
ment be flexible and responsive, with a finely tuned administrative support
system, so that problems can be surfaced and solved rapidly without any
cost to the participants. Each of the procedures utilized contributed, in
Its own way, to meeting the'participants1 neeas, maintaining the laboratory
work schedule, and providing an overall organizational framev/ork in which
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the many varied tasks centered around the DCS could be accomplished with
a minimum of confusion and a maximum of efficiency.
The general schedule of activities for the seminar followed these
lines.
9:30 A.M. - First submlttal/plck-up run to the Computer Center. • -
.-10:00 A.M. r Seminar meeting convenes
11:30 A.M. - Second Computer run
12:00 P.M. - Seminar meeting adjourns ,„
12-2 P.M. - Lunch
1:30 P.M. - • Third Computer run
- 2.00 P.M. - Seminar meeting re-convenes, small groups convene to discuss common problems, or Individual work periods.
4:30 P.M. - Seminar adjourns
4:30 P.M. - Fourth Computer run
The above schedule was followed rather closely the first week and in
later sessions was modified as desired. The afternoon sessions tended to
move toward small group meeting and away from full-member sessions.
Organizational Interface Problems. The distribution of staff resources «
surfaced as the major operational problem. While demands on the technical
staff and the systems group can generally be foreseen, demands for clerical
and secretarial assistance are much more difficult to estimate. Clerical
'chores Including keypunching, submittal and pick up of programs, and library
work v/ere widely in demand because of the nature of the enterprise. In
addition, an average of 10-15 typing requests, some of which were highly
technical, were submitted by each participant per week.
In order to cope with these demands for service, the ICFP/DCS organized
support staff around the concept of a "pool." This organizational model had
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several utilities. First, the pool had a centralized system for the I
distribution of work. As a result, the Research Coordinator, who served
as director of the staff pool, could set work priorities. The job priority
system was typically done on an "as soon as possible" basis, with urgent
problems undertaken in non-routine ways. This assured that those task?-
with a time deadline could be finished before those without by assigning
all available personnel to priority tasks until their completion. Secondly,
centralized coordination aided in the ongoing analysis of the needs of
participants and helped generate the necessary data for restructuring and
estimating staff .needs for future DCS efforts.
Upon evaluating their experience, several of the participants indicated
a desire to have individua"! assistants for the duration of the seminar. In
order to ensure the benefits derived from the pool system as well as to
provide individual support for each participant, the following organizational
modification is suggested. Participants in a DCS may want to consider
bringing with them technical assistants from their home institution. Such
an assistant might be a "computer-wise" advanced graduate student who is
familiar with the particular research project of interest to the participant.
In an ideal situation, these special assistants would be able to visit
the site of the DCS for a week at least two months prior to the conference.
During Lhis week, they could familiarize themselves with procedures that
have been provisionally designed for the conference, with computer support
facilities and program languages available, with job control language
requirements, and with data access methods. The graduate assistants should
on their return provide specialized feedback for the participant concerning
modifications in the research effort that may have to be taken because of
systems or data constraints. In addition, the graduate assistant should
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alert DCS staff to any problems that he might see arise during the course
of the seminar so that modifications can be invented or contingency plans
worked out.
While the above proposal would appear to be the best from our experience,
modifications ma> iave to be made depending on the nature and structure of
the host institution. Organizational interface problems, however, manifest
less variation with respect to seminar format than do systems interface
problems, since any DCS, regardless of format, has as an objective the
creation of a working environment in which data can be easily confronted.
The Suatems Interface. The interface between data and participants
Is the most essential mission of a Data Archive staff and Systems staff
In preparing for and interacting with the participants in a data confronta-
tion seminar. This section (1) describes the procedures established for
acquiring, documenting, and archiving data sets; (2) presents methods
developed for disseminating information on data sets to participants;
(3) locates Important problems In the system interface area regarding the
analysis and manipulation of data by the participants; and (4) makes
suggestions for Improvements in theJsystems interface area.
The ICFP Data Confrontation Seminar relied heavily upon the research
Infrastructure provided by the Behavioral Sciences Laboratory. Important
components of this research organization are the Data Archives staff and
the Systems staff, whose function in the past has been to acquire, document,
archive, and facilitate the analysis of data for the Comparative Analysis
of Policy Environments (CAPE) Project (Burgess, 1970). The Data Archive
staff was charged with the primary responsibility of acquiring the necessary
data sets and facilitating their access for the ICFP participants.
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Data Acquisition. Project CAPE has been gathering data since 1968 on !
national attributes and the foreign policy behavior of nations (Burgess
and Peterson, 1969, 1970). During this time, Project CAPE has in addition
compiled a modest archive of other data sets related to international
relations and the comparative study of foreign policy. The task of acquiring
additional data sets to supplement the CAPE data base and the BSL Archive
sptcifically for the ICFP Data Confrontation Seminar began two months before
the seminar. At that time there were only seven data sets held by the
BSL/CAPE archive.3
During the two months preceding the seminar, the Data Archive Section
acquired and archived 13 additional data sets." As a guideline to determine
which data sets to acquire, the Data Archive Section systematically queried
the prospective participants in the Data Confrontation Seminar, soliciting
requests on the data sets that they considered most appropriate for the
implementation of their proposed research efforts for the seminar (see
Appendix 1). On the ten questionnaires returned, 12 data sets were
explicitly requested. The frequency of requests and the actual number of
users during the course of the seminar are displayed in Figure 1.
'CAPE, Alger/Brams Diplomatic Representation, Banks and Textor, Brams International Trade, Feierabend, PRI/0 International Organizations Data, and Russett's World Handbook I.
"•The Polimetries Laboratory of the Department of Political Science under the direction of C. Richard Hofstettcr and archivist, Dennis Gombert deserve much credit for their full support during the operation of the seminar, and for their absolutely essential work in archiving the newly acquired data. The BSL/CAPE Archive is now fully integrated with the data archive of the Polimetrics Laboratory.
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Figure 1. DCS Data Sets
World Event/Interaction Survey (McClelland)
World Handbook {II)
CAPE Comparative Analysis of Policy Environments . .... . .-(Burgess)
Political Instability Events (Feierabend)
Dimensionality of Nations DON (Rummel)
Civil Violence (Gurr)
Foreign Policy Event Data (Hermann/Salmore)
Correlates of War (Singer)
International Trade (Brams)
Diplomatic Representation (Alger/Brams)
International Political System Data (East)
International Organizations Data
These data sets. If not already supported In the BSL/CAPE archive, were
then acquired either from the International Relations Archive (IRA) through
the Inter-University Consortium for Political Research (ICPR), or from «
Individual researchers. By the first session of the data confrontation
seminar, the data sets displayed In Figure 2 were documented, archived,
and prepared for the use of the participants.
REQUEST FREQUENCY
USAGE FREQUENCY
6 4
5 7
5 5
2 0
2 0
2 1
2 2
2 3
1 1
1 2
1 1
1 1
•~"H~'-V"mvmm —
Figure 2. Archived Data Sets for the ICFP/DCS
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PRINCIPAL INVE$TIGATOR(S)
Alger/Brams
Banks/Textor
Brams
Brams
Burgess
Rummel
East
East
Feierabend
Gillespie
6urr
Hermann/Salmore
Peace Research Institute
McClelland
McGowan
Russett
Russett
Singer
Taylor/Hudson
Wrigley
DATA COLLECTION
Diplomatic Representation"
A Cross-Polity Survey*
International Visits
International Trade.
CAPE Project
, DON Project*
Comparative Foreign Policy Data
International Political System Data
Political Instability Events*
Rank-Ordered Cross-National Indices
(I) Genesis of Civil V.olence* (II) Genesis of Civil Strife
Foreign Policy Event Data
International Organization Date
World Event Interaction Survey*
African Aggregate Data
International Reg jns*
World Handbook I*
Correlates of War*
World Handbook II*
U. N. Roll Call*
*These data sets are available through the Inter-University Consortium of Political Research.
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In addition to the large data base made avaT^ble and prepared by the
- BSL Archive Section, the DCS participants enjoyed conversational access to
data sets stored in the University of Michigan Computer Center. This
-latter capability involved a direct "on-line" computer hook-up between the
Ohio State and the University of Michigan's computers via 2741 remote access
terminals. The data sets that,could have been accessed in this fashion
Included: *
0 Conflict Düta for the Berlin and Cuban Crises, collected, scaled, and coded by Walter H. Corson, ISR, University of Michigan;
O World Evet.t/Interaction Survey, collected by Charles McClelland and his associates at the University of Southern California;
O AID Study of Foreign Aid, a data collection supported, In part, by the Voluntary International Coordination (VIC) Project, ISR, University of Michigan.
This arrangement was coordinated through the efforts of the BSL Systems
staff, the BSL Archive Section, and the Voluntary International Coordination
(VIC) Project, located at the University of Michigan.5 Although these data
sets were infrequently accessed during the. course of the seminar, the avail-
ability of such a remote access system demonstrates the potential of future
data confrontation seminars without an 1n-house data base and attendent
statistical support packages. Moreover, the capability for accessing
Inter-university data archives from geographically remote locations should
be expanded further.
'Instrumental in arranging this "on-line" analysis capability were Robert R. Seattle and L. Thomas Sanders, VIC Project Associates at the University of Michigan.
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Procedures for Arohiving Data Sets. Given the mission of the Data
Archive Section to document adequately information on data sets and to
facilitate access and usage by researchers, the following procedures were
established in order to maximize efficiency and accuracy in preparing
documentation and to minimize the possibilities of error, mishandling,
and loss of information. Thesp procedures were more than satisfactory
In meeting the requirements for quality data archiving»maintained by the
administrative staff of the ICFP/DCS. i
Data received by the Archives Section were in the form of punched
computer cards or machine readable tape. Orce received, information on
the data set was immediately logged on to a Data Identification Form t
(see Appendix 1) which provided in-house information and control over the
documentation stages involved in the archiving process. A flow chart
of the documentation/archiving process is described below in Figure 3.
After a Data Identification Form was prepared for a data set, the
next step involved reproducing the data deck, if the data were contained
on cards. This procedure Insured against the loss or mutilation of data
decks. All dat?, whether on cards or tape, were then printed (Step C)
for the purpose of checking the correspondence of data to the data title
or descriptor.' Because occasional errors were found between the written
materials provided »nd the organization of the data set, this was an
Important step in the data preparation process. A master file of all data
set listings is currently maintained and kept updated in the Archive.
Standard DCS tape specifications were assigned to each data set
(Step D) and the data were copied onto the DCS library tape (Step E).
The specifications for each data set (tape serial number, slot number.
19 f)
Figure 3. Data Acquisition, Documentation and Archiving
STEP A
DATA RECEIVED
'
PREPARE DATA ID FORM
STEP B
STEP C
STEP D
STEP E
STEP F
STEP G
STEP H
REPRODUCE & FILE
L
CARDS Xv TAPE
I LIST & FILE
ASSIGN DCS TAPE INFORMATION
_v/ COPY DATA TO
DCS LIBRARY TAPE
PREPARE CODEBOOK ] _Nfc
PRF.PARE DESCRIPTIVE SUMMARY OF DATA SET
COMPILE LIST OF REFERENCES
20 fi
<
C
file sequence number, data set name, and data control block) were catalogued
and prepared for distribution to the participants. It is from this source
that a participant could obtain Information on the location of the data so
that he could then directly access the data for analysis.
Codebooks were prepared for each data set (Step F). If possible, these
were prepared in multiple copies, enabling each DCS participant to have his
own copy, obviating the need to consult a master codebook. For each data
set, a descriptive summary was prepared (Step 6) in order to provide informa-
tion on the data set to potential users who may not have been familiar with
it. The descriptive summary for each data set contained the following
Information: ■
1) Principal investigator 2) Institutional affiliation , . 3) Unit of investigation 4) Type of data 5) Number of variables 6) Number of cases 7) Year or time period of data
.8) Format of data (9) General material on the history and nature of the collection 10) Data-making procedures 11) References 12) List of variables [13) List of cases
A catalogue containing descriptive summaries for all 20 data sets was prepared
(Munton and Youra, 1970) and distributed to all DCS participants. This
catalogue allowed the participants to surface variables relevant to this
research design with a minimum investment of time by use of the master list
variables. The participants could evaluate the utility of any given data
set by a quick scan of the catalogue. In addition, the Data Archive Section
compiled in one central file, copies of articles and books .that describe the
data set or report analysis based on the data (Step H) in order to provide
the participants with information on the past usages of any given data set.
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Acceaainc- Data Sets. To facilitate participant access to the data
bank, the follov/ing documents were prepared by the Data Archives Section:
[1) Master File of Data Listings [2) Catalogue of Tape Specifications (i.e., BSL Tape Library) [3) Codebooks [4) Descriptive Summary of Data Sets 5) File of Reference Material [6) Master Variable Index
. (7) Master Index of Cases
The last tv/o documents listed above, the Mastsr Index of Variables and
the Master Index of cases, were prepared to „assist the DCS participants in
the location of variables and case«, and in the merging of variables and
cases across data sets. The Master Index of Variables (Munton and Youra,
1970) is an integrated index of all variables that are contained in the
catalogue data collections. The variables are listed in alphabetical order
and the number of that variable within the particular data collection is
noted below the index entry. The index is compiled through the use of
punched card data sets in order to permit up-dating the Index as new data
sets are acquired.
The Matrix of .Cases has Data Sets in the rows with the columns
containing the cases (nations) thafare found in each data collection.
The Matrix is designed to assist the researcher in locating comparative
data concerning specific countries or groups of countries and in
determining the comparability of two or more data sets with respect
to their sample of cases.
- Analyais of Data Sets. To provide analysis support, the OSIRIS, BMD
and PSTAT statistical packages were made operational on the OSU system.6
*Each of these statistical packages contain programs that allow the user to use a wide variety of statistical analyses. The programs offer a range of statistics from simple cross-tabulation and descriptive statistics to the more complex multivariate analysis such as multiple regression, factor analysis, and analysis of variance and covariance.
I
22 A
A document describing the available programs and their capabilities was
prepared and sent to all participants prior to the seminar (Burgess and
Youra, 1970). During one of the first conference sessions, the participants
were briefed on "batch" submittal procedures and the operation of the conver-
sational remote access system. Unique programming problems were dealt with
by the BSL Systems Staff on an'individual basis. However, most participants
utilized existing statistical analysis programs (see Appendix 6)..
On-line conversational analysis capabil-i.ty was developed using three
C IBM 2741 remote typewriter terminals. Ideally, all data sets would have
been accessible In this manner, but owing to time constraints the ICFP/DCS
Was able to access only the CAPE and WEIS data in an Interactive mode. The
size of most international relations data sets and the programs available
for analysis severely taxed the storage capacity of available disk space.
Secondly, seminar participants characteristically tended to Involve themselves
In analysis that required the utilization of computer resources for either
a prolonged time period and/or programs that generated prolific printed
output. Because of these two factors, the decision was made to allow access
only to the most frequently requested data set (see page 15) in addition to
CAPE (which was already accessible). All data sets. Including WEIS and
CAPE, could also be accessed by batch processing on the IBM 360/75.
Although limited, this direct-access capability proved extremely useful
In that during one session the question was raised as to the nature of the
relationship between two variables and the answer was provided within a
matter of minutes. On-line capability for the analysis of data could be
greatly increased if participants would specify at an early date the
particular variables of interest to their research design so that limited
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data sets, defined by the participants specification of variables, could
be placed on an on-line access system.
Systems Interface Problems. Two major problems arose that were
general enough in nature so as to have implications for any data confronta-
tion seminar that utilizes multiple data sets. Solutions to both problems
rest in the development of policies at the archival level or, in tue absence
of standardization,in the development of data utility software, since both
problems involve the manipulation and accessibility of da.ta sets.7 The
first problem concerns the relation of descriptive codebooks to physical
data sets. The second, and perhaps the single, most important, problem
with this particular DCS format, involves the merging of multiple data
sets.
Newly prepared data submitted by the participants and non-IRA data
sets in some cases had not been thoroughly checked for illegal characters
and internal consistency with the codebook. When these data were integrated
Into an analysis deck, the failure to "clean" the data set often resulted
In the loss of analysis output and a substantial delay in providing results
to the participants. A Codebook-Data Consistency and Error Analysis Program
Is now being developed to correct this problem. This program will check a
data set to determine whether the codebook-specified format is consistent
with the actual physical format of the data and will also check data cells
for Illegal characters with respect to the Information on legal entries
- provided by the codebook. All data sets should be run against such a program
prior to the start of a data confrontation seminar.
'This developmental work is now being undertaken by the Systems Staff of the BSL.
(
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The second systems Interface problem is encountered in the basic
character of a multi-data set seminar, namely, the need for a capability
to merge different data sets for analytical purposes. In nearly all cases,
-the participants selected variables drawn from different data sets to
Implement their research designs. This involved creating an analysis deck
for a specified subset of observations drawn from unique data sets. The
absence of standardized coding procedures in the international relations
community created the single most time consuming problem faced by the
Systems Staff. The value of the plea of Russett, Singer and Small (1968)
for the adoption of a standardized coding system for identifying national
units takes on increased meaning in light of the ICFP/DCS experience.8
The lack of consistency In the country identification sequence in the
archived data sets made the task of merging data by machine impossible
without special software preparation in the pre-analysis stage. The result
of this inconsistency was that analysis decks were hand-sorted at the
expense of time for actual analysis of results and the presentation and
discussion of these results to the detriment of the entire seminar. This
problems bears substantial consideration, if for no other reason than
facilitating the exchange of data sets within any pluralistic scientific
community such as international studies.
For future seminars, the development of a Generalized ID Dictionary
Conversion and Data Merge Program is underway. This program will take any
non-IRA identification numbers and convert them into the IRA/WEIS accepted
'The Association of Computing Machinery in its Communications of the ACM; Vol. 13, No. 8, August 1970, proposes a standardized list of state ID numbers and alphabetic abbreviations for the states and dependencies of the U.S.; this list is presently under review by the American National Standards subcommittee on Data Elements, Codes, and Formats (ANSI X 3.8)
25 A
alpha-numeric codes. A sub-routine of this program will then merge the
requested variables from several data sets for the specified cases into
an analysis deck in a format specified by the user. As these software
solutions are developed, the multi-data set format will becpine more
feasible in an operational sense. The proposed solutions will reduce the
data preparation demands placed on the participants and free more time for
analysis and evaluation of results. The crucial point is that seminars
designed to use multiple data sets should sp.end the majority of the
system's resources on the development of data utility programs and not
on providing data, analysis packages. However, if specialized analysis
routines are required, the participants nunt give sufficient lead time
for their development, testing and documentation. The development of such
packages is impossible during the actual course of the seminar.
pie Data Confrontation Seminar: An Evaluation. While the discussion
of operations for a data confrontation seminar may at first appear to be
trivial, it can be argued that the establishment of successful operating
routines provides the basis for the success of the entire confrontation
effort. Research methods in the social sciences are, traditionally,
directed toward the generation and acquisition of new data. The data
confrontation seminar method does not generate data hut instead serves to
areate an environment in which to analyze data in an interactive mode.
This "analytic environment*1 has as a foundation an Infrastructure in which
confrontations can occur. Therefore, the success of a DCS effort is
determined almost entirely in terms of the success of the operating routines
that establish that infrastructure.
27/)
As the key participant Input into the preparation of a DCS, research
designs must be finished and circulated prior to the start of the seminar.
Otherwise, time is spent in formulating a design at the expense of data
analysis during the actual seminar. This, of course, necessitates distri-
bution of Information regarding the data holdings at the host institution
with a sufficient lead time so'as to Insure completion of the designs prior
to the seminar. The basic data archive should be established at least one
year prior to the seminar and participants acquainted with its holdings
through a series of mailings. If possible, the initial confrontation with
the data should be undertaken at the hjme institution before the start of
the seminar. The following is suggested as an outline of a timetable for
participant/staff preparations. Research designs should be developed and
circulated for comment six to nine months before the seminar. Three to
four months before, personal data sets should be sent to the archive and
variables specified for analysis decks to be sent to participant for
analysis. One to two months before, analysis deck and types of analyses
( to be performed at the host institution should be sent to the Systems
Staff. A comprehensive timetable for staff, systems and participant
preparations is presented in Appendix 3.
The traditional pattern of research that has the Individual scholar
working alone and often presenting the results of several years* work at
a single professional meeting to either stand or fall by his colleagues'
acceptance has been affected by two trends in the social sciences. The
first trend is the increasing substantive and methodological specialization
that characterizes contemporary social science research. The consequence
of this trend is that many social scientists have only token knowledge of
the methodological and substantive innovations that, upon further study,
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would benefit their research enterprises. The second trend, partially an
offshoot of the first, Is the move toward programmatic, team research
efforts. This latter development has been solidified somewhat by current
Federal trends toward programmatic research funding as opposed to project
funding (Burgess, 1970a).
—The data confrontation seminar emerges as the method capable of
supporting the common element in both of the above trends, collegia! Inter-
action. Those benefits derived from Increased contact thereby becom« the
positive values associated with the DCS method. As mentioned before, the
collegia! contact afforded by the DCS differs from the contact associated
-with professional meetings and Informal information channels. In the
latter case, contact is often intermittent and superficial; in the former
case, the interaction is prolonged and intensive.
Continuous Interaction with colleagues in an "analytic environment"
yields specific payoffs. First, the systematic and cost-effective utiliza-
tion of unique methodological and substantive talents is a direct result of
the DCS method. Each scholar brings his own area of expertise to bear on
the common effort. Second, a related indirect benefit, the educational
payoff alleviates the tendency toward a "superficial" knowledge of techniques
relevant to the research enterprise. Third, the DCS provides the foundation
and incentive toward programmatic research undertakings. The Investment of
time and Intellectual resources in a DCS provides the incentive to continue
the colleglal effort, "think tank," until the fruits of the common effort
emerge to the satisfaction of all participants. The mutual commitment serves
as the foundation on which programmatic research efforts can be sustained.
Fourth, the DCS tends to uncover the Inadequacy of current data holdings.
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29 A
(
Hopefully, the real test of a DCS 1s whether the participants will be
motivated to generate new data sets to cover the gaps surfaced during the
seminar.
If one places a positive value on these payoffs with respect to social
science research, the DCS represents a methodological advance. Scholars
with a commitment to common goals, both substantive and methodological,
will find that the DCS provides the means to accompl1s)i these commo:i ends.
In the process, the sustained Interaction between these Individuals can
generate spin-off effects, such as new data, that will prove beneficial to
the entire community. The recognition of these trends and the "promise"
of the DCS enterprise make the future of the DCS method a promising one.
—„
o
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
Burgess, Philip M. "The Comparative Analysis of Policy Environments: A Report on the CAPE Project." Columbus, Ohio: The Ohio State University, Behavioral Sciences Laboratory, Research Report # 012, July, 1970.
"International Relations Theory: Prospect 1970-1995." Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association, Los Angeles, September, 1970a.
and Lawrence E. Peterson. "Quality Control Procedures for the Collection and Preliminary Processing of Aggregate Social Accounting Data." Columbus, Ohio: The Ohio State University Behavioral Sciences Laboratory, Research Report # 006, December, 1969.
and Lawrence E. Peterson. "A Single Case/Single Variable Format for Data Base Managemünt." Columbus, Ohio: The Ohio State University, Behavioral Sciences Laboratory, Research Report # 005, January, 1970.
____^ and Daniel G. Youra. "Behavioral Sciences Laboratory Data Analysis Systems." Columbus, Ohio: The Ohio State University Behavioral Sciences Laboratory, Research Report # 007, June, 1970.
Clu)b, Jerome M. "Ecological Data in Comparative Research: A Report on a Special 'Data Confrontation Seminar'." Ann Arbor: The University of . Michigan, Inter-University Consortium for Political Research, 1969.
Munton, Donald and Dan^l 6. Youra. "A Catalogue of Data Collections in International Politics and Comparative Foreign Policy." Columbus, Ohio: The Ohio State University Behavioral Sciences Laboratory, Research Report #013, July, 1970.
Rokkan, Stein. "Data Confrontation Seminars: A New Device in Comparative Research." Paper prepared for the Conferpnce on Secondary Analysis in
. the Social Sciences, Cologne, May, 1969.
Rosenau, James N. "Pre-theories and Theories of Foreign Policy." hi R. Barry Farrell (Ed.),.Approaches to Comparative and International Politics. Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 1966.
, Philip M. Burgess, and Charles F. Hermann. "The Adaptation of Foreign Policy Research: A Case STudy of an Anti-Case Study Project." Columbus, Ohio: The Ohio State University, October, 1970.
,,£ Öl
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C APPENDIX 1
The Forms
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ICFP/DCS Questionnaire
Name Social Security Number
I. Personal
Date of birth Married ( ) Single ( )
Will your wife accompany you to Ohio? yes ( ) no ( ) I Wife's name
How many children will accompany you?
Children's names •
Are you bringing pets? yes ( ) no ( )
When is your arrival date? day time
How will you arrive? car ( ) air ( ) train ( ) other ( )
How long do you plan to stay? until (date)
Will you require transportation assistance in Columbus?
If yes, explain:
iß
O What living accommodations do you prefer?
furnished ( ) unfurnished ( )
number of bedrooms
other information
Is there any information regarding other personal matters that you would like us to supply you?
QUESTIONNAIRE 2 5
II. Professional
(1) In which of the four areas of activity agreed to at Pittsburgh will you be working during the seminar?
nation type (genotype) construction and testing
input or source variables
outcome measures
component (input/output) relationships
r (2) What will be your area! emphasis?
.all nations
. .. "regional" cluster (describe:
'analytical" cluster (describe:
(3) What temporal perspective will you use?
;_ cross-sectional.
longitudinal: from to
(4) What data sets will you use?
certainly likely
i
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_ QUESTIONNAIRE 3£>
(5) What computer programs will you use for data description, reduction —and analysis?
certainly likely
O
(6) Do you have any candidates for short term consultants (methodological or substantive) or visitors who you would like to see invited to atteno the seminar for a day or two and perhaps lead an informal discussion or critique? Please list names and current addresses below.
O
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Tape Questionnaire
TAPE INFORMATION
M
SENDER DATA DATE
Hy tape Is written at the following specifications:
(
1. Density (b.p.1.)
2. Track
3. Mode
4. Parity
5. RECFM
6. Data are
7. Label
200 D 556 D
7 D -- 9 D
BCD D EBCDIC D
even G odd D
F D other D
U D
800 D
Blocked D Unblocked D
Standard label G No label D
V D
C Title
TAPE INFORMATION
File Blocking Factor
Additional Information:
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ICPF/DCS/BSL Systems Staff July.1970
££> DATA IDENTIFICATION FORM i
DATA SET TITLE:
OWNER/CONTACT: D BSL D Other:
DATA DESCRIPTION:
NUMBER OF VARIABLES: _
CODEBOOK: D Yes D No
NUMBER:
DATA LISTING: D Yes D No
NUMBER:
STORAGE INFORMATION:
D Cards
D Tape
D Disk
BIBLIOGRAPHY:
NUMBER OF CASES:
LOCATION: O BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES LAB
D POLIMETRICS LAS
NUMBER OF CARD IMAGES:
VOLUME SERIAL: .
SLOT #:
DS NAME:
FILE SEQUENCE #:
DCB:
DS NAME:
DCB INFORMATION:
rawiw ■ .
f
■■.■.' (oh PROGRAMS FOR RESFARCU OH POLICY BSL Clerical Staff Revised June 1970
(1) Complete preparation of analysis decks for arrival
First Heek of DCS
i (1) Discuss initial | results • ■
•
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APPENDIX 4
A Summary of Recommendtetions
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■ ii «■■fnggp^n-*!■ iififqiiBiii JUMMI^^H ^mmmmmvm
iSb RECOMMENDATIONS-MULTIPLE DATA SET FORMAT
o
ORGANIZATIONAL
1. Facilitate participant adjustment to new locale with minimum level of disruption.
2. If possible, house participants together to sustain Interaction.
3. Provide means to train research assistants brought from home Institution. »
4. Organize staff support around the concept of a "pool."
5. Place the control of the staff pool In one person so that he can allocate staff resources according to priority demands.
».,
6. Maintain a master file of all seminar-generated material as a record of the seminar.
O
SYSTEMS
1. Establish Data Archive well In advance of the seminar.
2. Check all data sees for code book dlscrepencies.
3. Standardize all I.D. numbers across the data sets.
4. Circulate descriptive materials on Data Archive well In advance of the seminar.
5. Create analysis decks prior to the start of the seminar.
6. If possl^e, perform Initial analysis prior to the start of the seminar.
PARTICIPANTS
1. Complete and circulate research designs well in advance of seminar.
2. Select variables for analysis dacks with sufficient lead time so that decks can be prepared prior t:* seminar.
3. If possible, perform Initial analysis and interprete initial results for presentation at first session of the seminar.
(66
APPENDIX 5
Seminar Organization: Social Considerations
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* « SOCIAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR A DCS \p
\
This appendix outlines social considerations for a DCS. These minor aspects of organizational planning contribute to the smooth operation and success of the Seminar.
I (
I. Housing:
1. Lucation - all participants housed in same area.
2. Advantages of this arrangement:
a. proximity of participants conducive to car pooling b. social lifü easier c. wives are together d. easy accessibility for ad hoc meetings £. move easily developed rapport among participants
() 3. Advantages of location chosen included: 0
a. swimming pools b. air conditioning c. cinema» two shopping plazas, two fine restaurants, a number
of small eating places - all within walking distance. 1
II. Pre-seminar Preparation:
1. Information and orientation packet compiled for participants.
2. Contents:
a. University history b. campus map
_J c. city/county map d. state map e. general information on Columbus
] f, area restaurant guide (annotated) - see Exhibit I (attached) for example.
3. Theatre:
8. A number of tickets to summer stock productions secured for participants.
(SAMPLE) EXHIBIT I
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Restaurant Guide
THE GASLIGHT 4681 Reed Road 451-3065
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6EEN L00NG RESTAURANT 1773 W. 5th Avenue 486-9651
GUS' RESTAURANT 1130 Dublin Road 486-4000
LEONARDO'S PIZZA 4452 Kenny Road 451-0234
LUM'S RESTAURANT 3121 Olentangy River Road 262-7000
MCL CAFETERIA 3160 Klngsdale Center 486-5776
CSU GOLF COURSE 3605 Tremont Road 293-8028
Hours: weekdays - 11:?0 a.m. to 2:30 p.m. for lunch; 5:30 p.m. to 11:00 p.m. for dinner, 5:30 p.m. to 12:00 a.m. on the weekend.
Limited menu: 2 beef, 1 seafood, 1 special. Great food, especially the make-your-own salads. Fantastic sandwich menu. Prices: ■»derate.
Hours: Hon. to Thur. - 11:30 a.m. to 12:00 a.m.; Frl. and Sat. - 11:30 a.m. to 2:00 a.m.; Sun. - 12:00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m.
Excellent Chinese food, bar, American food. Good for carry-out also. Dress casual. Family environment. Prices: reasonable. Rated one of Columbus' best.
Hours: all week - 11:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m. for food.
Large restaurant. Private rooms. Varied menu. Good food. Cocktails. Casual to dressy.
Hours: Tue. to Thur. - 4:00 p.m. to 12:00 p.m.; Fir. and Sat. - 4:00 p.m. to 2:00 a.m.; Sun. - 4:00 p.m. to 11:00 p.m.; Closed Mon.
Carry-out only. Pizza, subs, chicken. Rumored to be the best pizza In town.
Hours: weekdays - 11:00 a.m. to 1:30 a.m.; Sun. - 12:00 p.m. to 1:30 a.m.
Limited menu, good service. Hot dogs steamed In beer with sauerkraut. Goud selection of domestic and Imported beers; carry-out.
Hours: weekdays - 11:00 a.m to 2:30 p.m. for lunch, 4:00 p.m. to 8:00 p.m. for dinner; Sat. - 11:00 a.m. to 8:30 p.m.; Sun. - 11:00 a.m. to 7:30 p.m.
Hours: Grill - 11:30 a.m. to 8:00 p.m.;- Sunday brunch - 10:30 a.m. to 1:30 p.m.
Sunday brunch Is fabulous!
"
1^6
APPENDIX 6
Systems Utilization: Some Data on
the ICFP/DCS
O
(Appendix In preparation)
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20b
D/ADIC DISPUTES
t William D. Coplin
J. Martin Rochester
c International Relations Program
Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs
Syracuse University
1970
■ mm ■■-w» - -■ ■
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
DESIGN OF THE STUDY
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Section 1: NATIONAL
Description
Variable 1:
Variable 2:
Variable 3:
Variable A:
Variable 5:
Variable 6:
Variable 7:
Variable 8:
Variable 9:
Variable 10:
Variable 11:
Variable 12:
Variable 13:
Variable 14:
Variable 15:
Variable 16:
Variable 17:
ATTRIBUTES OF PARTICIPANTS
ICPR Study Number
Country Code
Case Identification Number
Country Code of Opposition Party in the Case
Month Case Introduced to Institution
Year Case Introduced to Institution
Date of Independence
Month When Current Government or Constitutional Older was Established
Year When Current Government or Constitutional Order was Established
Month When Current Regime Came to Power
Year When Current Regime Came to Power
How the Dispute was Introduced
Type of Political System
Stag? of Economic Development
Social-Cultural Region
Geographical Region
Degree of Institutional Usage
Section 2: PATTERNS OF INSTITUTIONAL USAGE BY PARTICIPANTS
Description
Variable 1:
Variable 2:
Variable 3:
Variable 4;
Variable 5;
Variable 6:
ICPR Study Number
Country Code
Year When Independence was Achieved
Year When Independence Terminated
Total Number of PCIJ Cases In Which Country Participated
Number of PCIJ Cases in WMch Country was Respondent to Another Party's Application
1 l",lJI ■ ■ " '-"l».. ^ ■■II 111 III ■■ I -■■■■■■-^^ , . . ^„, ■ J., ■
-2-C
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Variable 7:
Variable 8;
Variable 9:
Variable 10:
Variable 11:
Variable 12:
Variable ?3:
Variable 14:
Variable 15:
Variable 16:
Variable 17:
Variable 18:
Variable 19:
Variable 20:
Variable 21:
Variable 22:
Variable 23:
Variable 24:
Variable 25:
Variable 26:
Variable 27:
Variable 28:
Variable 29:
Variable 30;
Variable 31:
Number of PCIJ Cases In Which the Country Jointly Submitted the Dispute
Number of PCIJ Cases In Which the Country was the Applicant
Country's Total Weighted Index of Participation In the PCIJ
Country's Average Weighted Index of Partlclpaticn in the PCIJ
Total Number of ICJ Cases in Which Country Participated
Number of ICJ Cases in Which the Country was the Respondent to \nother Party's Application
Number of ICJ Cases in Which the Country Jointly Submitted the Dispute
Number of ICJ Cases in which the Country was the Applicant
Country's Total Weighted Index of Participation in the ICJ
Country's Average Weighted Index of Participation in the ICJ
Total Number of World Court (PCIJ and ICJ) Cases in Which the Country Participated
Number of World Court Cases In Which the Country was the Respondent to Another Party's Application
Number of World Court Cases in Which the Country Jointly Submitted the Dispute
Number of World Court Cases in Which the Country was the Applicant
Country's Total Weighted Index of Participation in the World Court
Country's Average Weighted Index of Participation in the World Court
Total Number of League Cases in Which the Country Participated
Number of League Cases in Which the Country was the Object of Another Party's Unilateral Introduction of the Dispute
Number oi League Cases in Which the Country Jointly Submitted the Dispute
Number of League Cases in Which the Country Unilaterally Introduced the Dispute
Country's Total Weighted Index of Participation in the League
fjuntry's Average Weighted Index of Participation in the League
Total Number of UN Cases in Which the Country Participated
Number o£ UN Cases in Which the Country was the object of Another Party's Unilateral Introduction of the Dispute
Number of UN Cases in Which the Country Jointly Submitted the Dispute
■ ,-'■ '■■■» ■
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Variable 32:
Variable 33;
Variable 34:
Variable 35:
Variable 36:
Variable 37:
Variable 38:
Variable 39:
Variable 40:
Vaiiable 41:
Variable 42:
Variable 43:
Variable 44:
Variable 45:
Variable 46:
Number of UN Cases in Which the Country Unilaterally Introduced the Dispute
Country's Total Weighted Index of Participation in the UN
Country's Average Weighted Index of Participation in the UN
Total Number of League and UN Cases in Which the Country Participated
Number of League and UN Cases in Which the Country was the Object of Another Party's Unilateral Introduction of the Dispute
Number of League and UN Cases in Which the Country Jointly Submitted the Dispute
Number of League and UN Cases in Which the Country Unilaterally Introduced the I'.'.spute
Country's Total Weighted Index of Participation in the League and UN
Country's Average Weighted Index of Participation in the League and UN
Total Number of PCIJ, ICJ, League and UN Case? in Which the Country Participated
Number of Cases Involving the Four Institutions in Which the Country was the Respondent to or Object of Another Party's Unilateral Introduction of the Dispute
Number of Cases Involving the Four Institutions in Which the Country Jointly Submitted the Dispute with the other Party
Number of Cases Involving the Four Institutions in Which the Country Unilaterally Introduced the Dispute
Country's Total Weighted Index of Participation in the Four Institutions
Country's Average Weighted Index of Participation in the Four Institutions
Section 3: CASE ATTRIBUTE (DYAD) DATA
Description:
Variable
Variable
Variable
Variable 4
Variable 5
ICPP. Study Number
Case Identification Code
Country Code of One Participant
Country Code of Second Participant
Country Code of Country Which Introduced the Case to the Institution
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r
(
Variable 6
Variable 7
Variable 8
Variable 9
Variable 10
Variable 11
Variable 12
Variable 13
Variable 14
Variable IS
Variable 16
Variable 17
Variable 18
Variable 19
Variable 20
Variable 21
Variable 22
Variable 23
Variable 24
Variable 25
Variable 26
Variable 27
Variable 28
Variable 29
Variable 30
Variable 31
Variable 32
Variable 33
Variable 34
Variable 35
Variable 36;
Variable 37;
Variable 38;
Variable 39:
How the Dispute yaa Introduced
How the Dispute was Introduced to the League or UN
How the Dispute was Introduced to the PCU or ICJ
Organ of the League or UN In the Ca« e
Previous International Institutions Used In the Case
Month of Start of Dispute
Day of Start of Dispute
Year of Start of Dispute
Month Dispute Introduced to Institution
Day Dispute Introduced to Institution
Year Dispute Introduced to Institution
Month Case Disposed by Institution
Day Case Disposed by Institution
Year Case Disposed by Institution
Type of Issue In the Case
Hostilities Associated with the Case
Institution Credited with Stopping Hostilities
Appeal for Direct Negotiations/Referral to Regional Organization
Inquiry
Collective Mediation/Conciliation
Single Mediator
Adjudication
No Action
Cease-fire Ordered
Truce Supervision Established
Enforcement, Soycott, Embargo
Police Force
Secretary-General's Presence
Committee of Experts Established
Material Support Provided
Outcome of Dispute Following Disposal of Dispute by the Institution
Number of Judgments Issued
Number of Merit Judgments
Number of Non-Merit Judgments
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Variable 40;
Variable 41;
Variable 42i
Variable 43:
Variable 44
Variable 45
Variable 46
Variable 47
Variable 48
Variable 49
Variable 50
Variable 51
Number of Advisory Opinions Solicited by the League or UN
System-type at Introduction of the Case
Relative Power Capability (GNP) of the Disputants
Membership of Disputants in the Western European Social- Cultural Region
Geographical Distance Between Disputants
Military Distance Between Disputants
Economic Interdependence
Comparison of Political Systems
Comparison of Economic Stages of Development
Comparison of Social-Cultural Regions
Comparison of Geographical Regions
Comparison of Institutional Usage
i
APPENDIX
Country List and Codes: Table I
Case List and Codes: Table II
Variable Fomat:
Participant Attribute Data: Table Ilia
Participation (USAGE) Attribute Data: Table Illb
Case Attribute (DYAD) Data: Table IIIc
SECTION 1
r PARTICIPANT ATTRIBUTE DATA
C
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I 11^ Wl ^m -
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I. Participants as the Unit of Analysis
A. Participant attributes
Data was collected for each participant across the following variable-.:
(1) age of the state &t the time of the dispute; (2) age of the government or
constitutional order existing at the time of the dispute; (3) age of the
regime In power at the time of the dispute; (A) the country's role In the
Introduction of the dispute; (5) type of political system; (6) stage of