一. Soil 1. Definition ： Soft Natural body Sustaining life (include Support plant growth) Dynamically changing On the earth surface 杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院.

.壹 Soil

1. Definition ： Soft Natural body Sustaining life (include Support plant growth) Dynamically changing On the earth surface

杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院 23/4/21

Section 1 Soil and PedosphereSection 1 Soil and Pedosphere

Chapter 1 IntroductionChapter 1 Introduction

2. Characteristics of the soil ：

1 ） Productive ： soil fertility

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Air

Sunlight

Moisture (provided from soil)

Heat

Nutrient(provided from soil)

杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院 23/4/21

Section 1 Soil and Pedosphere Section 1 Soil and Pedosphere

Chapter 1 IntroductionChapter 1 Introduction

民以食为天，食以土为本

2 ） Vitality ： soil biodiversity

3 ） Environmental purification capacity: the physical and chemical properties of soil

4 ） Central environment elements: the intersection of earth’s spheres

杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院 23/4/21

Section 1 Soil and Pedosphere Section 1 Soil and Pedosphere

Chapter 1 IntroductionChapter 1 Introduction

二 . Pedosphere 1. Definition ： A loose sparse and uneven coverage layer which is covered

on the earth’s land surface and the bottom of shallow waters, and its associated ecological and environmental system.

杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院 23/4/21

Section 1 Soil and Pedosphere Section 1 Soil and Pedosphere

Chapter 1 IntroductionChapter 1 Introduction

Atmosphere

Lithosphere

Biosphere

Hydrosphere

2. Pedosphere Functions

杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院 23/4/21

Chapter 1 IntroductionChapter 1 Introduction

Section 2 Soil Pollution Section 2 Soil Pollution

Biosphere Pedosphere

releasing CO2 、 CH4 、 H2S

and N2O ， absorbing O2

supporting biological processes, providing biological water cycle and

nutrient , water, etc. water balance, etc.

earth’s protection layer

geology cycle

Atmosphere

Hydrosphere

Lithosphere

一 . Soil PollutionWhen the concentration of pollutants in the soil environment is more than

the soil self-purification capacity, or when the accumulation of pollutants in the soil exceeds the soil environment benchmarks / standards. That is called soil pollution.

二 . The characteristics of soil pollution occurring coyly slow toxicity formed complexly long recovery particular diagnosis

杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院 23/4/21

Section 2 Soil Pollution Section 2 Soil Pollution

Chapter 1 IntroductionChapter 1 Introduction

三 . Soil Pollution Sources

moved into by fluids solid wastes utilization atmospheric deposition pesticides and fertilizers

utilization carried by creatures

杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院 23/4/21

Chapter 1 IntroductionChapter 1 Introduction

Section 2 Soil Pollution Section 2 Soil Pollution

云南陆良化工厂铬渣污染致癌事件调查

.肆 Soil Pollution Prevention

strengthening investigation and monitoring of the soil pollution

eliminating pollution sources thoroughly strengthening remediation and restoration of the

polluted soil

杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院 23/4/21

Chapter 1 IntroductionChapter 1 Introduction Section 2 Soil Pollution Section 2 Soil Pollution

一 . Soil Quality ： Soil can maintain productivity, environmental purification ability, support capability which is good for mankind, animal and plant’s health.

.贰 Soil Quantity Assessment

1. Soil Fertility Quality

soil properties

crop

irrigation water quality

2.Soil Environmental Quality Assessment

杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院 23/4/21

Chapter 1 IntroductionChapter 1 Introduction Section 3 Soil Quality and its Assessment Section 3 Soil Quality and its Assessment

.壹 Definition of Environmental Soil Science

The disciplinary concept was put forward in the early 1980s.

　 　 　 Environmental soil science is a subject which researches changes, effects and regulation of soil environmental quality under the natural factors and man-made conditions. Its study subject is soil. It mainly focuses on the protection, utilization and improvement of soil quality. It researches the coordination between soil and the environment, and the sustainable use of soil.

杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院 23/4/21

Chapter 1 IntroductionChapter 1 IntroductionSection 4 Research Contents of Environmental

Soil ScienceSection 4 Research Contents of Environmental

Soil Science

二 . Research Contents of Environmental Soil Science

① research the soil background value

② research situation of soil environment pollution to make a comprehensive

evaluation; make a scientific prediction of soil environmental quality base on the

needs of national economic development and the environmental protection

measures

③ research the pollutants in the soil and its border environment, especially the law

of main pollutants’ migration, transformation and distribution, make clear their

source and destination

杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院 23/4/21

Chapter 1 IntroductionChapter 1 IntroductionSection 4 Research Contents of Environmental

Soil ScienceSection 4 Research Contents of Environmental

Soil Science

④ quantificationally research the man-made pollution factors (physical, chemical and biological) which cause the microscopic mechanism and macro-ecological effects of soil physical, chemical, and biological characteristics

⑤ research ecological effects and hygiene evaluation of soil-plant system pollution⑥ research purification function, mechanism of action, reaction kinetics and environmental conditions of soil-plant system for the main pollutants to provide a scientific basis for the development of municipal wastewater land treatment system⑦ establish a mathematical model about bio-physical and chemical behavior of the law of pollutants migration and transformation in the soil and its border environment, and continue to modify and perfect it through practice and perfect

杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院 23/4/21

Chapter 1 IntroductionChapter 1 IntroductionSection 4 Research Contents of Environmental

Soil ScienceSection 4 Research Contents of Environmental

Soil Science

⑧ on the basis of strict environmental soil science experiment,

reference to a variety of environmental quality benchmark values,

research the soil environmental standards

⑨calculate the soil environmental capacity, determine the

mathematical model of the soil environmental capacity, provide a

scientific basis for the total control of soil pollution

⑩ in the process of developing the national economy, research the

effects on the soil environmental quality from factories and mines,

companies, cities and large projects

杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院 23/4/21

Chapter 1 IntroductionChapter 1 IntroductionSection 4 Research Contents of Environmental

Soil ScienceSection 4 Research Contents of Environmental

Soil Science